WO2014004322A1 - Tête de coupe par jet abrasif équipée d'une cartouche améliorée résistante à l'abrasion - Google Patents

Tête de coupe par jet abrasif équipée d'une cartouche améliorée résistante à l'abrasion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014004322A1
WO2014004322A1 PCT/US2013/047166 US2013047166W WO2014004322A1 WO 2014004322 A1 WO2014004322 A1 WO 2014004322A1 US 2013047166 W US2013047166 W US 2013047166W WO 2014004322 A1 WO2014004322 A1 WO 2014004322A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cartridge
insert
waterjet
abrasive
cutting head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/047166
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gary N. BURY
Steven E. MAY
Original Assignee
International Waterjet Parts, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Waterjet Parts, Inc. filed Critical International Waterjet Parts, Inc.
Publication of WO2014004322A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014004322A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to abrasivejet cutting wherein the flow path of an incoming abrasive material intersects the flow of a high velocity fluid jet in such a way that the abrasive becomes entrained with the jet to form a material-cutting medium.
  • a high velocity fluid jet is first formed by compressing a liquid to an operating pressure of 3,500 to 150,000 psi (24.13 - 1,034.21 MPa), and forcing the compressed liquid through an orifice having a diameter approximating that of a human hair; namely, 0.003-0.040 inches (0.08 - 1.02 mm).
  • the resulting highly coherent jet is discharged from the orifice at a velocity which approaches or exceeds the speed of sound.
  • the material defining the jet-forming orifice is typically a hard jewel such sapphire, ruby or diamond.
  • the liquid most frequently used to from the jet is water, and the high velocity jet described hereinafter may accordingly be identified as a waterjet.
  • the jet is more precisely a "fluid" jet shortly after its formation in that its actual cross-sectional composition includes air and liquid; since the most common liquid used is water, the terms “waterjet” and “water” will be used throughout the specification but are not to be interpreted as a limitation requiring the "waterjet” to consist of or comprise water.
  • abrasive materials have been added to the jet stream to produce an abrasive-laden waterjet, typically called an "abrasive jet".
  • the abrasive jet is used to effectively cut a wide variety of materials from exceptionally hard materials (such as tool steel, aluminum, cast iron armor plate, certain ceramics and bullet- proof glass) to soft materials (such as lead).
  • Typical abrasive materials include garnet, silica, and aluminum oxide having grit sizes of #36 through #200.
  • the waterjet passes through a "mixing region" wherein a quantity of abrasive is entrained into the jet by the low pressure region which surrounds the flowing liquid in accordance with the Venturi effect.
  • the abrasive which is under atmospheric pressure in an external hopper, is drawn into the mixing region by the lower pressure region via a conduit that communicates with the interior of the hopper.
  • abrasive material represents the highest hourly operating cost associated with abrasivejet cutting.
  • the resulting abrasive-laden waterjet is then discharged against a workpiece through an abrasivejet nozzle that is supported closely adjacent the workpiece.
  • the waterjet, incoming abrasive and abrasivejet are so destructive that the jet-forming orifice, mixing region and abrasivejet nozzle become worn, and cutting efficiency decreases dramatically. The result is that the cutting process is dramatically slowed, and an excess of abrasive material is consumed in performing the cutting operation.
  • the orifice member, mixing region and abrasivejet nozzle are securely supported by a "cutting head" into which the abrasive is conducted via an abrasive-carrying conduit from a hopper external to the cutting head.
  • a cutting head into which the abrasive is conducted via an abrasive-carrying conduit from a hopper external to the cutting head.
  • One known structure for minimizing the possibility of non-alignment is a generally tubular cartridge with upstream and downstream end regions that fits within the cutting head to securely hold the waterjet-forming orifice member within its upstream region in extremely close alignment with an abrasive jet nozzle securely held at or within its downstream end.
  • An example of such a structure is illustrated and described in U.S. Patent 6,601,783 wherein a generally cylindrical insert member is described and illustrated as supporting a waterjet- forming orifice member in axial alignment with an abrasivejet discharge nozzle located at the downstream end of the cutting head, and providing an integral unit comprising the mixing region and the jet-forming orifice. Inserts of the type described and illustrated in the foregoing patent have typically been made from stainless steel.
  • Stainless steel is the material of choice because it is resistant to corrosion in the presence of water, and its top surface can provide the requisite sealing contact necessary to withstand the fluid pressure (e.g., 3,500 to 150,000 psi (24.13 - 1,034.21 MPa)) upstream of the orifice member supported within the insert.
  • the stainless steel interior encompassing the mixing region has a limited life expectancy owing to the destructive action of the incoming abrasive. When the jet-forming orifice is formed in ruby or sapphire, the orifice member wears to an undesired degree prior the mixing region.
  • An abrasivejet cutting system includes a cutting head with a replaceable and generally tubular cartridge that supports a waterjet-forming orifice-defining member on one side of a mixing region, and is configured to direct the waterjet into an abrasivejet nozzle positioned on the opposite side of the mixing region in axial alignment with said orifice.
  • the cartridge is formed from a material having tensile strength, yield strength and fatigue strength sufficient to withstand the operating pressure of the cutting system and sufficiently malleable and ductile to form a hard seal with a water- inlet tube to which it is coupled.
  • the mixing region is defined within the cartridge by a layer of another material that is more abrasion- resistant than the cartridge material. Additional details concerning the invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiment, of which the Drawing forms a part. Description of the Drawing
  • Figure 1 is an exploded fragmentary perspective view, in schematic, showing a cartridge and insert constructed in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a magnified view of the insert of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a sectional drawing in schematic of the insert of Figure 2, taken along line 3-3 therein
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view in schematic of a cutting head assembly constructed in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view in schematic of a cutting head assembly constructed in accordance with the invention illustrating its preferred mating with a water inlet tube.
  • a cartridge 10 configured to accept an insert 20 is illustrated. As illustrated in Figures 1 and 4, the cartridge and insert are securely positioned within the body 30 of an abrasivejet cutting head. As best illustrated in Figure 4, a waterjet-forming orifice member 12 is securely held within the upper region (hereinafter, the "upstream region") of the cartridge 10 and creates a waterjet via orifice 12a that is axially directed downstream about an axis 40.
  • the cartridge 10 has a longitudinally extending through-passage that is axially aligned with waterjet axis 40.
  • the illustrated through-passage includes a relatively upstream portion 16a, a relatively downstream portion 16b, and a gap therebetween into which the insert 20 is inserted via an insert-accommodating passage 17 which extends between the cartridge's exterior at one end and the gap 15 at the other end.
  • the through-passage extends axially upstream of the orifice member 12, terminating at an inlet hole 16c in the upstream end of the cartridge.
  • the high pressure water enters the cartridge via the inlet hole 16c and is forced through the orifice 12a in the orifice member 12 to form the waterjet.
  • the cartridge is enclosed within the body 30 of the cutting head by a cap 50.
  • the cap 50 includes an externally threaded region 52 that mates with an internally threaded upper region of the cutting head body 30.
  • the cap further includes an internally threaded through passage 54 that mates with external threads 62 of the inlet tube so that the inlet tube can be tightened down against the top surface of the cartridge 10 with sufficient force to seal against it.
  • the inlet hole 16c in the cartridge is preferably formed in the center of the top surface as best illustrated in Figure 1; however, an inlet can alternatively be formed elsewhere upstream of the orifice member without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the cartridge 10 has an enlarged upper end forming a shoulder 14 that seats precisely against a shoulder 32 formed within the interior of the body 30.
  • the cartridge 10 is formed from a material having tensile strength, yield strength and fatigue strength sufficient to withstand typical waterjet pressures using reasonable design practices. Those of ordinary skill in the art are aware of commercially acceptable design standards; for example, it is not commercially acceptable use 3-inch (76 mm) thick material to withstand the pressure and achieve the desired design life.
  • the cartridge material should be corrosion resistant in an oxidizing environment; e.g., from the water or other fluids used in producing the abrasivejet.
  • the cartridge material should be malleable and ductile enough to form a hard seal between the cartridge and inlet tube, as described below.
  • the preferred material of choice for the cartridge is a mildly heat-treated, precipitation-hardened stainless steel that can be directly sealed to the water-inlet tube, which is typically stainless steel as well. The steel-to- steel contact deforms slightly at 66 (Fig. 5) as the inlet tube is tightened down into the cutting head, creating a hard seal through which the incoming high pressure water cannot escape.
  • the relatively downstream portion 16b of the cartridge's through-passage is dimensioned to accept the proximal end region of an abrasivejet nozzle 60 in secure axial alignment with the axis 40 of the waterjet.
  • the insert 20 is inserted into the cartridge within the gap 15 between the relatively upstream and downstream portions 16a, 16b of the cartridge's through-passage.
  • the insert is formed from a material has an abrasion resistance sufficient enough to withstand degradation from abrasive media moving across the intended surfaces for the desired design life.
  • the material is more abrasive-resistant than that of the cartridge, but need not possess the malleability and ductility of the cartridge material.
  • the currently preferred insert material is a carbide having greater wear resistance to the abrasive than the material from which the cartridge is made but, as will become apparent, not requiring the ability to directly seal a very high pressure region such as the typical 3,500 to 150,000 psi (24.13 - 1,034.21 MPa) to which the region upstream of the orifice member is subjected.
  • the presently preferred carbide material used for the insert is a tungsten carbide (WC-Co) with 6% of the weight being cobalt binder. Its grain size is on the submicron scale, and this material has been proven to be ideal for its wear-resistance to abrasive media.
  • the preferred insert 20 is configured to provide a substantially carbide-enclosed interface between the cartridge 10 and an abrasive feed line 80 in order to prevent abrasive- induced wear to the cartridge body that could, for example, require premature replacement of the cartridge substantially prior to the end of its orifice-member's life.
  • the abrasive feed line 80 is preferably inserted up to position 82, the incoming abrasive thereby bypassing any contact with the cartridge material surrounding the abrasive inlet path through the cartridge.
  • the inner diameter of the abrasive feed line 80 is the same as the abrasive inlet channel 27 where the feed line 80 butts up against the insert interior at 82.
  • the insert 20 further provides a substantially carbide-enclosed mixing region, shielding the cartridge's interior from contact with the abrasive that has entered the mixing region for entrainment by the waterjet.
  • the insert 20 has an orifice member-facing surface 22 having a waterjet inlet 23 leading into a waterjet passage 24 that is axially aligned with the waterjet axis 40 when the insert is properly inserted into the cartridge 10.
  • the waterjet passage 24 terminates in a mixing region 25 substantially enclosed by the interior wall of the insert but for an outlet 26 that is also axially aligned with the waterjet axis 40 when the insert is properly inserted into the cartridge.
  • the insert 20 additionally includes an abrasive-inlet passage 27 sized to
  • the insert 20 is preferably inserted into the cartridge 10 from the side (as illustrated by way of example in Figure 1).
  • the inter-engaging surface shapes, dimensions and/or dimensional tolerances of the insert's exterior and the interior of the insert-accommodating passage 17 provide secure and precise alignment of the insert within the cartridge.
  • the body of the insert is generally prismatic in shape.
  • the insert 20 is secured within the cartridge 10 with a set screw 18 (having a preferred cone-shaped leading end 18a) which mates with an internally threaded through- hole 19 in the side of the cartridge to tighten against a recess 28 in the side of the insert.
  • the abrasive nozzle 60 is preferably secured in the cartridge 10 up against the insert 20 as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the abrasive feed 80 is inserted through the body 30 and into the carbide insert and securely held, for example, by an interference fit. Accordingly, in the presently preferred embodiment, the abrasive feed is entirely contained within wear resistant carbide at a sufficiently high angle to provide uninterrupted abrasive flow. There is no contact between the abrasive flow and the body 30 or cartridge 10.
  • This high angle, coupled with a substantially uninterrupted abrasive flow (i.e., substantially no steps or obstructions) provides the maximum efficiency for abrasive use by taking advantage of gravity and the vacuum generated by the waterjet stream.
  • An additional advantage of the preferred embodiment is that the mixing region is encompasses in a material such as carbide, which is very resistant to abrasive-induced damage while the orifice member, which cannot currently be firmly seated against carbide, can be seated in a material such as stainless steel that can deform enough to form the requisite seal.
  • the preferred side-insertion of the insert 20 allows the incorporation of the entirely contained interface between abrasive feed and insert in one small piece, while the preferred prismatic shape of the insert allows precise positioning of the thru hole where the waterjet stream meets the abrasive.
  • an insert could be inserted from a direction other than the side of the cartridge. For example, one could increase the diameter of the body 30 and cartridge 10 from the preferred diameter illustrated herein in order to accept a large diameter, cylindrically shaped insert from the bottom of the cartridge.
  • the diameter would have to be increased dramatically from the preferred diameter herein, however, to accommodate the singular interface between the abrasive feed and mixing chamber; in other words, to have the abrasive feed line completely enclosed in the more wear-resistant material (e.g., carbide), and still make the insert out of one piece, the diameter must encompass that feature as well as the thru hole for the waterjet stream. This is, accordingly, not a preferred variation.
  • One way to avoid the large diameter, bottom-assembled insert is to use a slightly smaller diameter, top-assembled insert. This would allow one to include all relevant features in a single carbide piece; however, one must introduce an additional metal sealing surface to the top of the cartridge because carbide cannot deform enough to seal a metal part at ultra- high waterjet pressures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une tête de coupe d'un système de coupe par jet abrasif comprenant de préférence une cartouche remplaçable généralement tubulaire supportant un élément définissant un orifice formant un jet d'eau sur un côté d'une région de mélange, et une buse de jet abrasif positionnée sur le côté opposé à la région de mélange dans l'alignement axial avec ledit orifice. La cartouche est formée à partir d'un matériau ayant une résistance à la traction, une limite d'élasticité et une résistance à la fatigue suffisantes pour supporter la pression de fonctionnement du système de coupe et qui est suffisamment malléable et ductile pour former un joint dur avec un tube d'entrée d'eau auquel elle est raccordée. La région de mélange est définie au sein de la cartouche par une couche d'un autre matériau qui est plus résistant à l'abrasion que le matériau de la cartouche.
PCT/US2013/047166 2012-06-29 2013-06-21 Tête de coupe par jet abrasif équipée d'une cartouche améliorée résistante à l'abrasion WO2014004322A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/538,471 US20140004776A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2012-06-29 Abrasivejet Cutting Head With Enhanced Abrasion-Resistant Cartridge
US13/538,471 2012-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014004322A1 true WO2014004322A1 (fr) 2014-01-03

Family

ID=48746684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2013/047166 WO2014004322A1 (fr) 2012-06-29 2013-06-21 Tête de coupe par jet abrasif équipée d'une cartouche améliorée résistante à l'abrasion

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20140004776A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014004322A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108705457A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-10-26 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 一种微小孔磨粒流体抛光夹具

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9808909B2 (en) * 2014-01-20 2017-11-07 Kmt Waterjet Systems Inc. Orifice for a waterjet cutter
WO2016136443A1 (fr) * 2015-02-25 2016-09-01 新東工業株式会社 Ensemble buse et procédé de traitement de surface utilisant ledit ensemble buse
CN106112825B (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-02-09 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 一种基于水腔加速外混合射流喷嘴
CZ2018226A3 (cs) * 2018-05-15 2019-07-03 PTV, spol. s r.o. Abrazivní hlavice s vloženou tryskou
CN115890495B (zh) * 2022-10-09 2024-07-02 北京工业大学 一种基于自激振荡的后混式混流器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6601783B2 (en) * 2001-04-25 2003-08-05 Dennis Chisum Abrasivejet nozzle and insert therefor
US20080032610A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-07 Kmt Waterjet Systems Inc. Cutting head for fluid jet machine with indexing focusing device
US20080220699A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Flow International Corporation Fluid system and method for thin kerf cutting and in-situ recycling
EP2062688A2 (fr) * 2007-11-21 2009-05-27 Honeywell International Inc. Atténuateurs de bruit et procédés de fabrication des atténuateurs de bruit et d'ensembles de soupapes de purge

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1774703A (en) * 1927-04-06 1930-09-02 Charles A Dreisbach Sand-blast device
US3497114A (en) * 1968-11-05 1970-02-24 Mack S Johnston Beer tapping device
US3563424A (en) * 1969-03-26 1971-02-16 Johnston Enterprises Inc Beer tap
US4449332A (en) * 1979-07-31 1984-05-22 Griffiths Norman J Dispenser for a jet of liquid bearing particulate abrasive material
US4587772A (en) * 1981-05-13 1986-05-13 National Research Development Corporation Dispenser for a jet of liquid bearing particulate abrasive material
US4817874A (en) * 1985-10-31 1989-04-04 Flow Systems, Inc. Nozzle attachment for abrasive fluid-jet cutting systems
US5144766A (en) * 1989-11-03 1992-09-08 Flow International Corporation Liquid abrasive cutting jet cartridge and method
US5018670A (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-05-28 Possis Corporation Cutting head for water jet cutting machine
US5794858A (en) * 1996-05-29 1998-08-18 Ingersoll-Rand Company Quick assembly waterjet nozzle
US5851139A (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-12-22 Jet Edge Division Of Tc/American Monorail, Inc. Cutting head for a water jet cutting assembly
US6280302B1 (en) * 1999-03-24 2001-08-28 Flow International Corporation Method and apparatus for fluid jet formation
US20040227123A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-11-18 Rodgers Paul Justus Fluid selection and redirection valve

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6601783B2 (en) * 2001-04-25 2003-08-05 Dennis Chisum Abrasivejet nozzle and insert therefor
US20080032610A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-07 Kmt Waterjet Systems Inc. Cutting head for fluid jet machine with indexing focusing device
US20080220699A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Flow International Corporation Fluid system and method for thin kerf cutting and in-situ recycling
EP2062688A2 (fr) * 2007-11-21 2009-05-27 Honeywell International Inc. Atténuateurs de bruit et procédés de fabrication des atténuateurs de bruit et d'ensembles de soupapes de purge

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108705457A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-10-26 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 一种微小孔磨粒流体抛光夹具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140004776A1 (en) 2014-01-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20140004776A1 (en) Abrasivejet Cutting Head With Enhanced Abrasion-Resistant Cartridge
US5144766A (en) Liquid abrasive cutting jet cartridge and method
EP2321093B1 (fr) Corps de tête de découpe à évents pour système à jet abrasif
US8591290B2 (en) Cutting head and cutting nozzle for a liquid/abrasive jet cutting arrangement
EP2489470B1 (fr) Procédé de découpe de trait mince et de recyclage in situ
US9586263B2 (en) Tool holder having improved internal coolant delivery
US6601783B2 (en) Abrasivejet nozzle and insert therefor
US5092085A (en) Liquid abrasive cutting jet cartridge and method
EP0220374A1 (fr) Attachement de buse pour des systèmes de découpe par jet de fluide abrasif
JPH033775A (ja) 小穴あけ用および薄溝切削用の研磨剤ジェットノズル組立体
US20100124872A1 (en) Processes and apparatuses for enhanced cutting using blends of abrasive materials
US20130288195A1 (en) Nozzle for Blasting Liquid Detergents with Dispersed Abrasive Particles
JPH0994486A (ja) スケール除去用ノズル
CN104903054A (zh) 用于磨料射流切割系统的精细切口切割的喷嘴
EP2853349B1 (fr) Buse de coupe à jet d'eau abrasif
US20230150089A1 (en) Focusing tube, and use thereof
CN109973021B (zh) 一种集成喷嘴结构的钻头
JP2006224205A (ja) 粉体噴射ノズル装置
US20040035958A1 (en) Two-piece nozzle assembly for use with high pressure fluid cutting systems and bushing for use therewith
CN113073964A (zh) 大排量返流喷砂器
CN201524957U (zh) 组合式声能细化处理装置
WO2014171959A1 (fr) Tête de découpage par jet abrasif ayant une interface améliorée de conduit d'abrasif

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13734266

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13734266

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1