WO2014000608A1 - 一种实现负载均衡的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种实现负载均衡的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014000608A1
WO2014000608A1 PCT/CN2013/077724 CN2013077724W WO2014000608A1 WO 2014000608 A1 WO2014000608 A1 WO 2014000608A1 CN 2013077724 W CN2013077724 W CN 2013077724W WO 2014000608 A1 WO2014000608 A1 WO 2014000608A1
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Prior art keywords
load
aps
wireless
frame
data
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PCT/CN2013/077724
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田超
高明泉
邵敏茹
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to US14/408,730 priority Critical patent/US9521583B2/en
Publication of WO2014000608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000608A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/086Load balancing or load distribution among access entities
    • H04W28/0861Load balancing or load distribution among access entities between base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/0827Triggering entity
    • H04W28/0835Access entity, e.g. eNB
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/20Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/27Control channels or signalling for resource management between access points
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for implementing load balancing. Background technique
  • MiFI and Eufi products with wireless network data capability and WIFI capability are more and more popular among users due to their good mobility and low cost of network deployment, satisfying individual users and LAN deployment requirements for small business users.
  • the current AP load balancing scheme does not take into account the real-time load status of the wireless AP.
  • the wireless AP receives all the transmitted STAs (station, stations) and interacts with the Internet, even if the current wireless network status deteriorates or the wireless AP The total data transfer load is already very high and all data transfers need to be completed.
  • the current AP load balancing schemes are all concentrated in the access control phase. They can only refuse new users to access, and cannot solve the load balancing problem when the wireless AP load is too high caused by the connected users.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for implementing load balancing, which solves the problem of load balancing when the wireless AP load caused by the accessed user is too high.
  • a method for implementing load balancing including:
  • the first access point AP When the first access point AP wants to send data of the STA that accesses the first AP, it determines other APs used for load sharing, and transmits data that needs to be offloaded to the other APs.
  • the first AP further determines that the load exceeds the limit before determining other APs for load sharing.
  • the method for the first AP to determine its own load overrun is:
  • Method 1 The first AP receives the Beacon frame of the other AP, extracts the load, and determines whether the load is exceeded.
  • Method 2 The first AP broadcasts a load balancing request to other APs and receives feedback messages from other APs about the load balancing, and determines whether the load is overrun.
  • the load of the wireless AP is added to the standard Beacon frame, and the wireless AP load is added to the standard Beacon frame through the frame body field of the Beacon frame for broadcasting;
  • the subtype field of the standard Beacon frame is modified to form a special frame, and the load balancing request for the broadcast wireless AP is used, and the wireless AP that receives the improved Beacon frame parses the data and returns the load according to the frame structure. Balance feedback messages.
  • the load is a 3G/4G network degradation degree, including: a maximum bandwidth occupancy rate, a traffic limitation degree, and a stability of a 3G/4G network where the first AP is located during data transmission; determining a load according to the load When the limit is exceeded, the load of the first AP is calculated, and three factors are comprehensively considered: the bandwidth occupancy rate, the degree of traffic limitation, and the stability of the 3G/4G network where the first AP is located during data transmission.
  • the method for determining other APs for load sharing is:
  • the first AP compares and sorts all the beacon frames sent by other APs, and selects one or more APs with low load as other APs for load sharing;
  • the first AP compares and ranks the corresponding loads in the received load balancing feedback messages, and selects one or more APs with low load as the other APs for load sharing.
  • the first AP When the first AP transmits the data that needs to be offloaded to the other AP, the first AP receives the data sent by the STA, stores the data in the local buffer, encapsulates the data packet, and sends the data packet that needs to be offloaded to the data packet.
  • the other AP When the first AP transmits the data that needs to be offloaded to the other AP, the first AP receives the data sent by the STA, stores the data in the local buffer, encapsulates the data packet, and sends the data packet that needs to be offloaded to the data packet. The other AP.
  • the entire data is sliced or transmitted as a whole.
  • a device for implementing load balancing comprising a control module, a load calculation module, a parsing module, and a transceiver module;
  • the control module is configured to: when the first AP is to send data of the STA that accesses the first AP, control the load calculation module, and the parsing module determines other APs used for load sharing;
  • the transceiver module is configured to transmit data that needs to be offloaded to the other APs.
  • the control module further determines that the first AP load is out of limits before determining other APs for load sharing.
  • the method is as follows: Method 1: Receive a Beacon frame of another AP, and the control parsing module extracts the load, and determines whether the first AP load exceeds the limit;
  • Method 2 Broadcast a load balancing request to other APs and receive feedback messages from other APs about the load balancing, and determine whether the first AP load is out of limits.
  • the control module is further configured to:
  • the load of the wireless AP is added to the standard Beacon frame, and the wireless AP load is added to the standard Beacon frame by the Frame body field of the Beacon frame for broadcasting; in the second method, the subtype of the standard Beacon frame is used.
  • the field is modified to form a special frame to broadcast a load balancing request of the wireless AP; and after receiving the improved Beacon frame, the control parsing module parses it and returns a load balancing feedback message according to the frame structure.
  • the control module is further configured to:
  • the load is a 3G/4G network deterioration degree, including: a maximum bandwidth occupation rate, a traffic limitation degree, and a stability degree of the 3G/4G network where the first AP is located during data transmission; the control module is based on When the load determines whether the load exceeds the limit, it is set to calculate the load of the first AP, and comprehensively considers three factors: bandwidth occupancy rate, traffic limitation degree, and data transmission of the 3G/4G network where the first AP is located. The degree of stability.
  • control module is set to adopt a hierarchical evaluation mode, or combined with a weighting operation.
  • control module determines the other APs for load sharing, it is set as: For the first method, compare and compare all the Beacon frames sent by other APs that can be detected, and select one or more APs with low load. As other APs for load sharing; For the second method, the corresponding load in the received load balancing feedback message is compared and ranked, and one or more APs with low load are selected as other APs for load sharing.
  • the device further includes a cache module and a package module; wherein
  • the cache module is configured to store the data sent by the received STA into a local buffer; the encapsulation module is configured to encapsulate the cached data into a data packet.
  • the data packet that needs to be offloaded is sent to the other APs.
  • the transceiver module in performing the encapsulation, is configured to slice the entire data or transmit the entire data.
  • the invention realizes load balancing technology, and can distribute STA data to one or more APs by means of other APs in the same ESS when the wireless network in which the MiFI and Eufi product type wireless APs are in a poor state or a large load.
  • Sending to the Internet Therefore, when the amount of STAs that have access to the wireless AP is too large, it will not cause the wireless AP load to be too high or the state of the 3G/4G wireless connection network where the wireless AP is located to deteriorate or even degrade.
  • the utilization of each wireless AP under the same ESS can be improved, and the user experience of the STA using the wireless network can be effectively improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of implementing wireless AP load balancing according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of implementing wireless AP load balancing according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of an apparatus for implementing load balancing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame used for a broadcast load in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame result for transmitting a load balancing request and a feedback load balancing message according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing load balancing according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Step 1 The wireless AP (API) in the WLAN receives the data transmission request of the STA accessing the AP, and the control module in the API requests the load calculation module to query the current load of the API; the current load of the API refers to the API.
  • the current state of the network when 3G/4G is connected to the Internet that is, the degree of deterioration of the wireless network where the API is located.
  • Step 2 The load calculation module calculates the load status of the API and returns it to the control module.
  • Step 3 The control module determines whether it needs to initiate a load balancing request to other APs according to the current load status. If other APs are not required to participate in load balancing, Go to Step 4; otherwise, go to Step 5;
  • Step 4 The API accepts the data transmission request of the STA, and completes the interaction with the Internet, and the load balancing process ends;
  • Step 5 The API looks for an AP (AP2) that can be used for load sharing in the ESS (Extended Service Set);
  • Step 6 The API caches the data to be transmitted by the STA to the local device and re-encapsulates it;
  • Step 7 The API transmits the data packet that needs to be split by the AP2 to the AP2;
  • Step 8 AP2 transmits the received data that needs to be offloaded to the Internet through the 3G/4G network.
  • the above device may be implemented by a load balancing device, and the device may be applied to a wireless network composed of wireless APs, including:
  • Control module Controls the entire load balancing process, such as querying the load to the computing module, receiving feedback, and completing coordinated interactions with other modules in the device.
  • Load calculation module used to calculate the current load status of the wireless AP
  • Transceiver module used for information authentication and data transceiving with STAs and other wireless APs; parsing module: for parsing messages about load balancing sent by other wireless APs; caching module: used for caching data sent by STAs locally;
  • Encapsulation module Used to repackage data that needs to be load balanced to meet the format requirements of multiple APs.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of implementing load balancing of a wireless AP according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:
  • the API receives a data sending request from the STA.
  • the control module in the API requests the load calculation module to return a current load of the API.
  • the load calculation module calculates a current load of the API and returns the calculated load to the control module.
  • control module determines whether the load of the API exceeds the limit, and if the load of the API does not exceed the limit, the load balancing process ends; otherwise, the switch to S111;
  • the overload limit means that the current load exceeds the set threshold, so that the current wireless AP can no longer bear more data transmission.
  • the API receives a Beacon frame of another AP in the ESS extension, and sends the packet to the parsing module for parsing;
  • the API parses the received Beacon frame, and extracts a load therein;
  • the standard Beacon frame is redefined.
  • the payload of the wireless device is added to the standard Beacon frame, and the wireless AP load is added to the frame body through the Frame body field. Broadcast in standard Beacon frames.
  • Sub Type 1000 stands for Beacon frame.
  • the frame body field is the data field of the frame.
  • the load information of the wireless AP (including the MAC address and Load) is encapsulated in the Frame body field.
  • S113 The API compares and compares the Beacon values in the Beacon frames sent by other APs, and selects the lowest AP (referred to as AP2) as the load.
  • AP2 the lowest AP
  • the API receives the data sent by the STA, stores the data in a local buffer, and encapsulates the data packet.
  • the entire data is fragmented or transmitted in its entirety.
  • the fragmentation refers to that when the API considers that there are more than one AP that can participate in load balancing, and the file to be transmitted is large, the data may be fragmented and transmitted to different APs for load balancing. Otherwise, only the transmission is performed. Give an AP for load balancing.
  • the API authenticates with AP2 to establish a data connection
  • the authentication of the API and AP2 can be enforced to prevent data attacks by illegal APs
  • the API sends the data packet that needs to be offloaded to the AP2;
  • AP2 sends the received data packet to the Internet according to the specified address.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of implementing wireless AP load balancing according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:
  • the API receives a data sending request from the STA.
  • control module in the API requests the load calculation module to return the current load of the API;
  • load calculation module calculates the current load of the API, and returns the calculated load to the control module;
  • control module determines whether the load of the API is out of limits. If the load of the API is not exceeded, the load balancing process ends, otherwise, the process shifts to S111;
  • the overload limit means that the current load exceeds the set threshold, so that the current wireless AP can no longer bear more data transmission.
  • the API broadcasts a load balancing request to other APs in the ESS extension.
  • the load balancing request of this embodiment is transmitted by using a control frame.
  • this embodiment performs a tampering on a standard control frame.
  • Sub Type field of the standard frame is modified to constitute a special frame of the embodiment, and is used for broadcasting a load balancing request of the wireless AP, and the wireless AP receiving the wireless frame can also parse and press the wireless AP.
  • the frame structure returns a load balancing feedback message.
  • this embodiment assigns a value of 0110 to Sub Type. Since the value of the management frame in the standard protocol is not defined, one of the values is used here. Define a new value for Sub Type that is distinguished from other standard values.
  • the frame body field is a data field of a frame.
  • the load information (including the MAC address, Load) of the wireless AP is encapsulated in the Frame body field.
  • the Load field may be set to -1, indicating that the load balancing request message is used; when the control frame is used as a load balancing feedback message, the Load field is set. For the actual load.
  • the API receives the feedback message of the other APs about the load balancing within the valid time; preferably, when receiving the load balancing request of the API, the other AP calculates the load of the API, and passes the control frame within the valid time.
  • the load is sent to the API, and the format of the control frame is shown in Figure 5.
  • the API compares and ranks the corresponding loads in all the load balancing feedback messages, and selects one AP with the lowest load (referred to as AP2) as the load balancing object;
  • S214 the API receives the data sent by the STA,
  • the data is stored in the local buffer area and encapsulated.
  • the entire data is fragmented or transmitted.
  • the fragmentation refers to that when the API considers that there are more than one AP that can participate in load balancing, and the file to be transmitted is large, the data may be fragmented and transmitted to different APs for load balancing. Otherwise, it only needs to be transmitted to an AP for load balancing.
  • the authentication of the API and the AP2 is mandatory in this embodiment, and the data attack of the illegal AP is prevented.
  • the API sends the data packet that needs to be offloaded to the AP2;
  • AP2 sends the received data packet to the Internet according to the specified address.
  • the definition of the load may be the degree of deterioration of the 3G/4G network.
  • the degree of network degradation refers to the occupancy rate of the maximum bandwidth, the degree of traffic limitation, and the stability of the 3G/4G network in which the current API is located during data transmission.
  • the bandwidth occupancy rate the degree of traffic limitation
  • the stability of the 3G/4G network where the current wireless AP is located during data transmission The details are as follows:
  • Bandwidth occupancy which refers to the ratio of occupied bandwidth to the maximum bandwidth
  • the degree of traffic limitation refers to the proportion of the traffic used by the SIM card to the maximum traffic. For example, the SIM card package monthly traffic is 2G, and the currently used traffic is 1.5G, so the currently used traffic accounts for 75%. Compared with the package traffic of 2G, but currently only uses a 0.5G SIM card, the former has a high degree of traffic limitation;
  • the stability of the 3G/4G network during data transmission refers to whether the current network status of the wireless AP is good.
  • This indicator can be calculated by detecting the current data packet loss rate. When the packet loss rate is greater than a certain value, the current network state can be considered to be poor. The reason for setting this indicator is that
  • the networks used by the wireless APs in the ESS extension belong to different operators. When an operator's network is in poor network state, other wireless APs with good network status can be used to balance the load.
  • the above three indicators can adopt the hierarchical evaluation mode, that is, priority is given to indicator 3, followed by indicator 1, and then indicator 2; other graded evaluation modes can also be carried out according to actual conditions; at the same time, the above three indicators can also be considered comprehensively. Perform weighting operations to set different weights for each of the three indicators Values, and add up to calculate the load.
  • the selected APs for load balancing may be one or more.
  • the method of selecting multiple APs has the same principle as the method of selecting one AP, but only by selecting one AP to select multiple APs.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a device for load balancing according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the device includes:
  • Control module Controls the entire load balancing process, such as querying the load to the computing module, receiving feedback, and completing coordinated interactions with other modules in the device.
  • Load calculation module used to calculate the current load status of the wireless AP; preferably, the load is defined as the degree of 3G/4G network degradation.
  • the degree of network degradation refers to the occupancy rate of the maximum bandwidth, the degree of traffic limitation, and the stability of the 3G/4G network in which the current AP is located during data transmission.
  • Transceiver module used for information authentication and data transceiving with STAs and other wireless APs; parsing module: for parsing messages about load balancing sent by other wireless APs; caching module: used for caching data sent by STAs locally;
  • Encapsulation module Used to re-encapsulate data that needs to be balanced to meet the format requirements of multiple APs.
  • the entire data is sliced or transmitted in its entirety.
  • the fragmentation refers to that when the AP considers that there are more than one AP that can participate in load balancing, and the file to be transmitted is large, the data may be fragmented and transmitted to different APs for load balancing. Otherwise, only the transmission is performed. Give an AP for load balancing.
  • the device shown in Figure 3 can be placed in a functional entity such as an AP.
  • the load balancing operation of the present invention can be performed as shown in FIG. 6 when the load balancing AP is referred to as the first AP.
  • the process includes the following steps:
  • Step 610 When the first AP wants to send data of the STA that accesses the first AP, determine other APs used for load sharing.
  • Step 620 The first AP transmits the data that needs to be offloaded to the other AP, and the other AP transmits the received data that needs to be offloaded.
  • the present invention realizes load balancing technology, and can implement other APs in the same ESS when the wireless network of the MiFI, Eufi product type wireless AP is in a poor state or a large load.
  • the STA is diverted to one or more data and transmits the AP to the Internet 0
  • a high load will not cause the wireless AP or wireless AP is located 3G / 4G wireless connection Network conditions deteriorate and even performance degrades.
  • load balancing while improving the utilization rate of each wireless AP under the same ESS, the user experience of the STA using the wireless network can be effectively improved.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种实现负载均衡的方法和装置,第一AP要发送接入该第一AP的STA的数据时,确定用于负载分担的其它AP,并将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它AP。本发明实现负载均衡的技术,能够在MiFI、Eufi产品类无线AP所处的无线网络状态较差或负载较大时,借助于同一ESS内其它AP将STA的数据分流至一个或多个AP并发送至Internet。因此,已接入无线AP的STA数据量过大时,不会引起无线AP负载过高或无线AP所处的3G/4G无线连接网络状态恶化甚至性能下降。并且,通过负载均衡,在提高同一ESS下各无线AP的利用率的同时,还能有效提高STA使用无线网络的用户体验。

Description

一种实现负载均衡的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 具体涉及一种实现负载均衡的方法和装置。 背景技术
随着 3G/4G移动通信网络的发展, 由于具备良好的移动性和低廉的布 网成本, 同时具备无线网络数据能力和 WIFI能力的 MiFI、 Eufi产品越来 越受到用户欢迎, 满足了个人用户和小型企业用户的局域网布设需求。
但是, MiFi、 Eufi产品(下文中统一称为无线 AP (接入点))通过 3G/4G 接入 Internet时的带宽仍然无法与传统的有线网络相比; 另一方面, 受到移 动网络本身状态影响,无线接入 Internet的方式往往与无线局域网内部的带 宽存在较大差距。
目前小型企业用户在使用无线 AP产品布设局域网时,都会在同一区域 布设多个无线 AP以满足多用户接入无线局域网的需求。 目前的 AP负载均 衡方案都没有考虑到无线 AP实时的负载状态, 无线 AP接收所有已接入的 STA ( Station, 站点)传送的数据包并与 Internet交互, 即使当前无线网络 状态恶化或该无线 AP的全部数据传送负载已经非常高,也需要完成所有数 据传送。
可以看出, 目前在无线 AP 负载均衡方面的现有技术存在以下明显缺 陷:
1、 目前的 AP负载均衡方案都集中在接入控制阶段, 只能拒绝新用户 接入, 无法解决已接入用户所造成的无线 AP负载过高时的负载均衡问题;
2、 由于无线 AP使用 3G/4G移动网络接入 Internet, 因此当无线 AP所 处的移动网络恶化时, 无法保证 STA的网络使用需求。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种实现负载均衡的方法和装 置, 解决已接入用户所造成的无线 AP负载过高时的负载均衡问题。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种实现负载均衡的方法, 包括:
第一接入点 AP要发送接入该第一 AP的站点 STA的数据时,确定用于 负载分担的其它 AP, 并将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP。
其中, 所述第一 AP在确定用于负载分担的其它 AP之前, 还确定自身 负载超限。
其中, 所述第一 AP确定自身负载超限的方法为:
方法一: 第一 AP接收其它 AP的信标 Beacon帧, 提取其中的负载, 据此确定自身负载是否超限;
方法二: 第一 AP向其它 AP广播负载均衡请求并接收其它 AP关于此 次负载均衡的回馈消息, 据此确定自身负载是否超限。
其中, 还包括:
方法一中,在标准的 Beacon帧基础上加入无线 AP的负载,通过 Beacon 帧的帧主体 Frame body字段将无线 AP负载添加到标准 Beacon帧中以进行 广播;
方法二中, 对标准的 Beacon帧的子类型字段进行改进以构成特殊帧, 用于广播无线 AP的负载均衡请求, 收到改进的 Beacon帧的无线 AP对其 进行解析并按此帧结构返回负载均衡回馈消息。
其中, 还包括:
对标准的 Beacon帧的帧控制字段进行改进, 从该字段的类型确定此帧 属于管理帧;
以及将无线 AP的负载信息封装在 Frame body字段中。 其中, 所述负载为 3G/4G网络恶化程度, 包括: 最大带宽的占有率、 流量受限程度以及第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度; 根据所述负载确定负载是否超限时,计算所述第一 AP的负载, 综合考 虑三个因素: 带宽占有率、 流量受限程度以及所述第一 AP所处的 3G/4G 网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
其中, 综合考虑所述三个因素时, 采用分级式的评估模式, 或结合加 权运算。
其中, 所述确定用于负载分担的其它 AP的方法为:
针对方法一, 所述第一 AP将所有可探测到的其它 AP发出的 Beacon 帧进行比较排序,从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其 它 AP;
针对方法二,所述第一 AP将收到的所有负载均衡回馈消息中的对应的 负载进行比较排序,从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的 其它 AP。
其中, 所述第一 AP将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP 时, 第一 AP接收 STA发送的数据, 存储到本地緩存区, 并封装为数据包, 再将需要 分流的数据包发送给所述其它 AP。
其中, 在进行所述封装时, 将整个数据分片或整个传输。
一种实现负载均衡的装置, 包括控制模块、 负载计算模块、 解析模块、 收发模块; 其中,
所述控制模块,设置为在第一 AP要发送接入该第一 AP的 STA的数据 时, 控制负载计算模块、 解析模块确定用于负载分担的其它 AP;
所述收发模块, 设置为将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP。
其中, 所述控制模块在确定用于负载分担的其它 AP之前,还确定所述 第一 AP负载超限。 其中, 所述控制模块确定所述第一 AP负载超限时, 设置为: 方法一: 接收其它 AP的 Beacon帧, 控制解析模块提取其中的负载, 据此确定所述第一 AP负载是否超限;
方法二: 向其它 AP广播负载均衡请求并接收其它 AP关于此次负载均 衡的回馈消息, 据此确定所述第一 AP负载是否超限。
其中, 所述控制模块还设置为:
方法一中,在标准的 Beacon帧基础上加入无线 AP的负载,通过 Beacon 帧的 Frame body字段将无线 AP负载添加到标准 Beacon帧中以进行广播; 方法二中, 对标准的 Beacon帧的子类型字段进行改进以构成特殊帧, 以广播无线 AP的负载均衡请求; 以及收到改进的 Beacon帧后控制解析模 块对其进行解析并按此帧结构返回负载均衡回馈消息。
其中, 所述控制模块还设置为:
对标准的 Beacon帧的帧控制字段进行改进, 从该字段的类型确定此帧 属于管理帧;
以及将无线 AP的负载信息封装在 Frame body字段中。
其中, 所述负载为 3G/4G网络恶化程度, 包括: 最大带宽的占有率、 流量受限程度以及第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度; 所述控制模块在根据所述负载确定负载是否超限时, 设置为计算所述 第一 AP的负载, 综合考虑三个因素: 带宽占有率、 流量受限程度以及所述 第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
其中, 所述控制模块在综合考虑所述三个因素时, 设置为采用分级式 的评估模式, 或结合加权运算。
其中, 所述控制模块在确定用于负载分担的其它 AP时, 设置为: 针对方法一, 将所有可探测到的其它 AP发出的 Beacon帧进行比较排 序, 从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其它 AP; 针对方法二, 将收到的所有负载均衡回馈消息中的对应的负载进行比 较排序, 从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其它 AP。
其中, 该装置还包括緩存模块、 封装模块; 其中,
将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP时,所述緩存模块设置为将收到 的 STA发送的数据, 存储到本地緩存区; 所述封装模块设置为将已緩存的 数据封装为数据包, 再将需要分流的数据包发送给所述其它 AP。
其中, 在进行所述封装时, 所述收发模块设置为将整个数据分片或整 个传输。
本发明实现负载均衡的技术, 能够在 MiFI、 Eufi产品类无线 AP所处 的无线网络状态较差或负载较大时, 借助于同一 ESS内其它 AP将 STA的 数据分流至一个或多个 AP并发送至 Internet因此, 已接入无线 AP的 STA 数据量过大时,不会引起无线 AP负载过高或无线 AP所处的 3G/4G无线连 接网络状态恶化甚至性能下降。 并且, 通过负载均衡, 在提高同一 ESS下 各无线 AP的利用率的同时,还能有效提高 STA使用无线网络的用户体验。 附图说明
图 1为本发明第一实施例实现无线 AP负载均衡的流程图;
图 2为本发明第二实施例实现无线 AP负载均衡的流程图;
图 3为本发明实施例的用于实现负载均衡的装置图;
图 4为本发明第一实施例中用于广播负载的帧结构示意图;
图 5 为本发明第二实施例中用于发送负载均衡请求和回馈负载均衡消 息的帧结果示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例实现负载均衡的流程简图。 具体实施方式
在由无线 AP组成的无线网络中, 可以执行以下操作: 步骤 1 : 无线局域网中的无线 AP ( API )收到接入该 AP的 STA的数 据发送请求, API中的控制模块向负载计算模块请求查询 API当前的负载; 所述 API当前的负载是指 API当前通过 3G/4G接入 Internet时的网络 状态, 即 API所处的无线网络恶化程度。
步骤 2: 负载计算模块计算 API的负载状态, 并返回给控制模块; 步骤 3: 控制模块根据当前的负载状态, 判断是否需要向其它 AP发起 负载均衡请求, 如果不需要其它 AP参与负载均衡, 则执行步骤 4; 否则执 行步骤 5;
步骤 4: API接受 STA的数据传输请求, 并完成与 Internet的交互, 负 载均衡流程结束;
步骤 5: API在 ESS ( Extended Service Set, 扩展服务集) 中寻找能够 用于负载分担的 AP ( AP2 );
步骤 6: API将 STA要传送的数据緩存到本地, 并重新封装; 步骤 7: API将需要 AP2分流的数据包传送给 AP2;
步骤 8: AP2将收到的需要分流的数据通过 3G/4G网络传送至 Internet。 上述装置可由负载均衡装置实现,该装置可应用于由无线 AP组成的无 线网络中, 包括:
控制模块: 在整个负载均衡过程中起到控制作用, 如向计算模块查询 负载、 接收反馈, 及完成与装置中其它模块的协调交互。
负载计算模块: 用于计算无线 AP当前的负载状态;
收发模块: 用于与 STA及其它无线 AP之间进行信息认证及数据收发; 解析模块: 用于解析其它无线 AP发送来的关于负载均衡的消息; 緩存模块: 用于将 STA发来的数据緩存在本地;
封装模块: 用于将需要负载均衡的数据重新封装, 以满足多 AP分别发 送的格式要求。 下面结合附图, 对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
参见图 1, 图 1为本发明第一实施例实现无线 AP负载均衡的流程图, 该流程包括以下步骤:
S 101, API接收到来自 STA的数据发送请求;
S102, API中的控制模块向负载计算模块请求返回 API当前的负载;
5103 , 负载计算模块对 API当前的负载进行计算并将计算得到的负载 返回给控制模块;
5104, 控制模块判断 API的负载是否超限, 若 API的负载并不超限, 结束本次负载均衡过程; 否则转向 S111 ;
优选的, 所述负载超限是指当前的负载超过了已设置的阈值, 导致当 前无线 AP无法再承担更多的数据传输。
S111, API接收 ESS扩展内的其它 AP的 Beacon (信标) 帧, 并发送 给解析模块进行解析;
S 112, API解析收到的 Beacon帧, 提取其中的负载;
优选的, 本实施例对标准的 Beacon帧进行重新定义, 如图 4所示, 在 标准的 Beacon帧基础上力 σ入无线 ΑΡ的负载, 通过 Frame body (帧主体 ) 字段将无线 AP负载添加到标准 Beacon帧中以进行广播。
Frame Control (帧控制)字段: 对标准帧的 Frame Control字段进行改 进, 从该字段的 Type=00可以看到, 此帧属于管理帧;
Sub Type (子类型): 1000代表 Beacon帧。
Frame body字段: Frame body字段是帧的数据字段, 本实施例中将无 线 AP的负载信息 (包括 MAC地址、 Load (负载))封装在 Frame body字 段中。
S113 , API将所有可探测到的其它 AP发出的 Beacon帧中的 Beacon 值进行比较排序, 从中选择负载最低的一个 AP (此处称为 AP2 )作为负载 均衡的对象;
5114, API接收 STA发送的数据, 存储到本地緩存区, 并封装为数据 包;
优选的, 本实施例在对数据封装时, 将整个数据分片或整个传输。 所 述分片是指当 API认为当前可参与负载均衡的 AP超过一个, 且需要传送 的文件较大时,可将数据分片传输,分别传送给不同的 AP以进行负载均衡, 否则只需传送给一个 AP以进行负载均衡。
5115, API与 AP2进行身份验证, 建立数据连接;
此处 API与 AP2的身份验证可以是强制进行的, 以防止非法 AP的数 据攻击;
5116, API将需要分流的数据包发送给 AP2;
5117, AP2根据指定的地址将收到的数据包发送至 Internet.
参见图 2, 图 2是本发明第二实施例实现无线 AP负载均衡的流程图, 该流程包括以下步骤:
S201 , API接收到来自 STA的数据发送请求;
S202, API中的控制模块向负载计算模块请求返回 API当前的负载; S203, 负载计算模块对 API当前的负载进行计算并将计算得到的负载 返回给控制模块;
S204, 控制模块判断 API的负载是否超限, 若 API的负载并不超限, 结束本次负载均衡过程, 否则转向 S111 ;
优选的, 所述负载超限是指当前的负载超过了已设置的阈值, 导致当 前无线 AP无法再承担更多的数据传输。
S211 , API向 ESS扩展内的其它 AP广播负载均衡请求;
优选的, 本实施例的负载均衡请求通过控制帧来传送。 如图 5 所示, 本实施例对标准的控制帧进行 ^ί'爹改。 Frame Control字段: 对标准帧的 Frame Control字段进行改进, 从该字 段的 Type=00可以看到, 此帧属于管理帧;
Sub Type: 对标准帧的 Sub Type字段进行改进, 以构成本实施例的特 殊帧, 用于广播无线 AP的负载均衡请求, 而收到此无线帧的无线 AP也能 够对其进行解析并按此帧结构返回负载均衡回馈消息。
优选的, 本实施例为 Sub Type赋值为 0110。 由于标准协议中管理帧的 81^丁 6值0110~0111与 1101~1111未被定义,此处使用其中的一个值。为 Sub Type定义一个新值, 与其它的标准值相区分。
Frame body字段: Frame body字段是帧的数据字段, 本实施例中将无 线 AP的负载信息 (包括 MAC地址、 Load )封装在 Frame body字段中。
需要说明的是, 当所述的控制帧作为请求帧发送时, 可将 Load字段设 置为 -1,表示此为负载均衡请求消息; 当所述的控制帧作为负载均衡回馈消 息时, Load字段设置为实际的负载。
需要说明的是, 图 4、 5中只标明了涉及本发明的字段, 其它现有技术 中已存在的字段均未示出。
S212, API在有效时间内接收其它 AP关于此次负载均衡的回馈消息; 优选的, 其它 AP在收到 API的负载均衡请求时, 对自身的负载进行 计算, 并在有效时间内通过控制帧将负载发送给 API , 控制帧的格式如图 五所示。
S213 , API 将收到的所有负载均衡回馈消息中的对应的负载进行比较 排序,从中选择负载最低的一个 AP (此处称为 AP2 )作为负载均衡的对象; S214, API接收 STA发送的数据, 存储到本地緩存区, 并进行封装; 优选的, 本实施例在对数据封装时, 将整个数据分片或整个传输。 所 述分片是指当 API认为当前可参与负载均衡的 AP超过一个, 且需要传送 的文件较大时, 可将数据分片传输, 分别传送给不同的 AP进行负载均衡, 否则只需传送给一个 AP进行负载均衡。
S215, API与 AP2进行身份验证, 建立数据连接;
此处 API与 AP2的身份验证是本实施例中要求强制进行的, 防止非法 AP的数据攻击;
S216, API将需要分流的数据包发送给 AP2;
S217, AP2将收到的数据包根据指定的地址发送至 Internet.
在执行前述的 S 103以及 S203时,优选的,对负载的定义可以为 3G/4G 网络恶化程度。 所述网络恶化程度是指最大带宽的占有率、 流量受限程度 以及当前 API所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
优选的, 在计算无线 AP的负载时, 可以综合考虑三个因素: 带宽占有 率、 流量受限程度以及当前无线 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳 定程度。 详细说明如下:
1 ) 带宽占有率, 是指已占有的带宽占最大带宽的比例;
2 )流量受限程度, 是指 SIM卡已使用的流量占最大流量的比例, 例如 SIM卡当月套餐流量包月为 2G, 目前已使用的流量为 1.5G, 那么目前已使 用的流量占到了 75%;相比套餐流量包月 2G但是当前只使用了 0.5G的 SIM 卡而言, 前者的流量受限程度高;
3 ) 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度, 是指无线 AP当前的网络状 态是否良好。 这一指标可通过检测当前数据丟包率来进行计算, 当丟包率 大于某一特定值时, 可认为当前网络状态差。 设置该指标的原因在于, 某
ESS扩展中的无线 AP所使用的网络分属不同的运营商,当某运营商网络在 网络状态差时, 可利用其它网络状态良好的无线 AP来均衡负载。
以上三个指标可采用分级式的评估模式, 即优先考虑指标 3, 其次指标 1, 再指标 2; 也可根据实际情况进行其它的分级评估模式; 同时, 也可以 综合考虑以上三个指标, 即进行加权运算, 分别为三个指标设定不同的权 值, 并进行相加, 计算出负载。
需要说明的是, 所选择的用于进行负载均衡的 AP可以是一个或多个。 选择多个 AP的方法与选择一个 AP的方法具有相同原理, 只是由选择一个 AP变为选择多个 AP而已。
参见图 3, 图 3是本发明实施例的用于负载均衡的装置图, 所述装置包 括:
控制模块: 在整个负载均衡过程中起到控制作用, 如向计算模块查询 负载、 接收反馈, 及完成与装置中其它模块的协调交互。
负载计算模块: 用于计算无线 AP当前的负载状态; 优选的, 对负载的 定义为 3G/4G网络恶化程度。 所述网络恶化程度是指最大带宽的占有率、 流量受限程度以及当前 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
收发模块: 用于与 STA及其它无线 AP之间进行信息认证及数据收发; 解析模块: 用于解析其它无线 AP发送来的关于负载均衡的消息; 緩存模块: 用于将 STA发来的数据緩存在本地;
封装模块: 用于将需要均衡的数据重新封装, 以满足多 AP分别发送的 格式要求。 优选的, 在对数据封装时, 将整个数据分片或整个传输。 所述 分片是指当 AP认为当前可参与负载均衡的 AP超过一个, 且需要传送的文 件较大时, 可将数据分片传输, 分别传送给不同的 AP以进行负载均衡, 否 则只需传送给一个 AP以进行负载均衡。
图 3所示装置可以设置于 AP等功能实体中。
结合以上描述可见, 将需要进行负载分担的 AP称为第一 AP时, 本发 明实现负载均衡的操作思路可以表示如图 6所示的流程, 该流程包括以下 步骤:
步骤 610: 第一 AP要发送接入该第一 AP的 STA的数据时, 确定用于 负载分担的其它 AP。 步骤 620: 第一 AP将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP, 所述其它 AP传送收到的需要分流的数据。
综上所述可见, 无论是方法还是装置, 本发明实现负载均衡的技术, 能够在 MiFI、 Eufi产品类无线 AP所处的无线网络状态较差或负载较大时, 借助于同一 ESS内其它 AP将 STA的数据分流至一个或多个 AP并发送至 Internet 0 因此, 已接入无线 AP的 STA数据量过大时, 不会引起无线 AP 负载过高或无线 AP所处的 3G/4G无线连接网络状态恶化甚至性能下降。 并且, 通过负载均衡, 在提高同一 ESS下各无线 AP的利用率的同时, 还 能有效提高 STA使用无线网络的用户体验。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现负载均衡的方法, 包括:
第一接入点 AP要发送接入该第一 AP的站点 STA的数据时,确定用于 负载分担的其它 AP, 并将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述第一 AP在确定用于负载 分担的其它 AP之前, 还确定自身负载超限。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述第一 AP确定自身负载超 限的方法为:
方法一: 第一 AP接收其它 AP的信标 Beacon帧, 提取其中的负载, 据此确定自身负载是否超限;
方法二: 第一 AP向其它 AP广播负载均衡请求并接收其它 AP关于此 次负载均衡的回馈消息, 据此确定自身负载是否超限。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 还包括:
方法一中,在标准的 Beacon帧基础上加入无线 AP的负载,通过 Beacon 帧的帧主体 Frame body字段将无线 AP负载添加到标准 Beacon帧中以进行 广播;
方法二中, 对标准的 Beacon帧的子类型字段进行改进以构成特殊帧, 用于广播无线 AP的负载均衡请求, 收到改进的 Beacon帧的无线 AP对其 进行解析并按此帧结构返回负载均衡回馈消息。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中, 还包括:
对标准的 Beacon帧的帧控制字段进行改进, 从该字段的类型确定此帧 属于管理帧;
以及将无线 AP的负载信息封装在 Frame body字段中。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中,
所述负载为 3G/4G网络恶化程度, 包括: 最大带宽的占有率、 流量受 限程度以及第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度; 根据所述负载确定负载是否超限时,计算所述第一 AP的负载, 综合考 虑三个因素: 带宽占有率、 流量受限程度以及所述第一 AP所处的 3G/4G 网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中, 综合考虑所述三个因素时, 采 用分级式的评估模式, 或结合加权运算。
8、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 所述确定用于负载分担的其它 AP的方法为:
针对方法一, 所述第一 AP将所有可探测到的其它 AP发出的 Beacon 帧进行比较排序,从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其 它 AP;
针对方法二,所述第一 AP将收到的所有负载均衡回馈消息中的对应的 负载进行比较排序,从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的 其它 AP。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 8任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述第一 AP将需 要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP时,第一 AP接收 STA发送的数据,存储 到本地緩存区, 并封装为数据包, 再将需要分流的数据包发送给所述其它 AP。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其中, 在进行所述封装时, 将整个 数据分片或整个传输。
11、 一种实现负载均衡的装置, 包括控制模块、 负载计算模块、 解析 模块、 收发模块; 其中,
所述控制模块,设置为在第一 AP要发送接入该第一 AP的 STA的数据 时, 控制负载计算模块、 解析模块确定用于负载分担的其它 AP;
所述收发模块, 设置为将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块在确定用于负 载分担的其它 AP之前, 还确定所述第一 AP负载超限。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块确定所述第一 AP负载超限时, 设置为:
方法一: 接收其它 AP的 Beacon帧, 控制解析模块提取其中的负载, 据此确定所述第一 AP负载是否超限;
方法二: 向其它 AP广播负载均衡请求并接收其它 AP关于此次负载均 衡的回馈消息, 据此确定所述第一 AP负载是否超限。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块还设置为: 方法一中,在标准的 Beacon帧基础上加入无线 AP的负载,通过 Beacon 帧的 Frame body字段将无线 AP负载添加到标准 Beacon帧中以进行广播; 方法二中, 对标准的 Beacon帧的子类型字段进行改进以构成特殊帧, 以广播无线 AP的负载均衡请求; 以及收到改进的 Beacon帧后控制解析模 块对其进行解析并按此帧结构返回负载均衡回馈消息。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块还设置为: 对标准的 Beacon帧的帧控制字段进行改进, 从该字段的类型确定此帧 属于管理帧;
以及将无线 AP的负载信息封装在 Frame body字段中。
16、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其中,
所述负载为 3G/4G网络恶化程度, 包括: 最大带宽的占有率、 流量受 限程度以及第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度;
所述控制模块在根据所述负载确定负载是否超限时, 设置为计算所述 第一 AP的负载, 综合考虑三个因素: 带宽占有率、 流量受限程度以及所述 第一 AP所处的 3G/4G网络在数据传输时的稳定程度。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块在综合考虑所 述三个因素时, 设置为采用分级式的评估模式, 或结合加权运算。
18、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其中, 所述控制模块在确定用于负 载分担的其它 AP时, 设置为:
针对方法一, 将所有可探测到的其它 AP发出的 Beacon帧进行比较排 序, 从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其它 AP;
针对方法二, 将收到的所有负载均衡回馈消息中的对应的负载进行比 较排序, 从中选择负载低的一个或多个 AP作为用于负载分担的其它 AP。
19、 根据权利要求 11至 18任一项所述的装置, 其中, 该装置还包括 緩存模块、 封装模块; 其中,
将需要分流的数据传送给所述其它 AP时,所述緩存模块设置为将收到 的 STA发送的数据, 存储到本地緩存区; 所述封装模块设置为将已緩存的 数据封装为数据包, 再将需要分流的数据包发送给所述其它 AP。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的装置, 其中, 在进行所述封装时, 所述收 发模块设置为将整个数据分片或整个传输。
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