WO2013190163A1 - Combined energy collector - Google Patents

Combined energy collector Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013190163A1
WO2013190163A1 PCT/ES2013/070404 ES2013070404W WO2013190163A1 WO 2013190163 A1 WO2013190163 A1 WO 2013190163A1 ES 2013070404 W ES2013070404 W ES 2013070404W WO 2013190163 A1 WO2013190163 A1 WO 2013190163A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
combined energy
energy collector
collector according
convection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2013/070404
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Francisco Javier ESPAÑA MOSCOSO
Original Assignee
Arquivolta Creaciones, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arquivolta Creaciones, S.L. filed Critical Arquivolta Creaciones, S.L.
Publication of WO2013190163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013190163A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/22—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus producing heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/10—Arrangements for warning air traffic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/25—Application as advertisement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05B2220/602—Application making use of surplus or waste energy with energy recovery turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/212—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Darrieus type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/215—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the panemone or "vehicle ventilator" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/911—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure already existing for a prior purpose
    • F05B2240/9111—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure already existing for a prior purpose which is a chimney
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/24—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling for draft enhancement in chimneys, using solar or other heat sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined energy collector, specially designed for the use of energy from convection currents in buildings combined with wind energy
  • Patent No. 200931310 (0) referring to a thermodynamic electric generator, of the same applicant, which provides for the provision of a vertical axis wind turbine mill, whose blades are driven by convection currents that are generated through a shunt of ventilation of an enclosure, by the temperature gradient with respect to the outside.
  • the wind turbine mill implements an electric generator so that the movement of the mill is transformed into a relative rotor-stator movement of the generator, which ultimately generates usable electric energy through an external connection.
  • the generator included in this patent provided for the use of the external wind, by installing a fairing that can be addressed by the wind itself that hides the blades of the mill that, when turning, face the wind, and in turn channeled it towards the blades that turn in favor of wind, increasing the dynastic pressure on them.
  • the generator provided in this patent while still operating satisfactorily, has the disadvantage of the loss of load in the convection currents, due to the generator itself, and which manifests itself when the temperature gradient is too low, and the outside wind is too weak. Under these conditions the air flow due to convection may be insufficient to move the generator, or it provides low power, in addition to slowing down the ventilation itself. This effect is exacerbated when the mill is stopped, since it must overcome an additional inertia to start the movement.
  • the field of application of the invention is comprised within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture and installation of apparatus, devices and means for the use of waste and renewable energy.
  • the combined energy collector of the invention has an optimized constitution to maximize the use of residual energy from shunt ventilation currents and wind energy.
  • the collector comprises a rotor with blades coupled to a shunt convection ventilation outlet, to be driven by the naturally generated convection currents between an indoor and outdoor environment, as well as a stator provided with fixing means to said ventilation outlet. It is also provided that it can be used in any natural shot that generates convection currents, such as ladder shots, elevator shafts, etc.
  • the convection current affects the rotor blades causing the creation of a torque with an acceleration proportional to the thermal gradient differential. This torque is complemented by the effect associated with the drive derived from the incidence of outside wind on the Darrieus turbine.
  • the sensor of the invention is in turn associated with means of harnessing the energy involved in the movement of the rotor.
  • the senor of the invention can comprise elements for preguiding and channeling the convection flow, optimizing its incidence on the blades, as well as a fairing that can be directed by the external wind, which conducts all of said wind towards the part of the rotor without a fairing.
  • Figure 1 shows a view of the energy sensor of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the figure
  • FIG. 3 shows a partially exploited view of the energy collector of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a view similar to the figure
  • the combined energy sensor of the invention comprises a rotor (1) of blades (3) coupled to a ventilation outlet (9) by convection (shunt or the like) to be driven by the convection currents generated naturally between the interior and the outside.
  • a stator (8) provided with the fixing means to the ventilation outlet (9), the sensor being associated with means of harnessing the energy causing the movement of the rotor (1).
  • preguiding elements of said flow comprise helical elements (10) linked to the shaft (4) around which the rotor (1) rotates and is mounted as well as to a collar (42), both forming part of the stator (8).
  • a fairing not shown, addressable by the external wind, which conducts all of said wind towards the part of the rotor devoid of fairing, similar to that mentioned in the background, may be provided.
  • the invention has provided for the provision of additional means for driving the rotor by the external wind, which in this example comprise a Darrieus type turbine (2) in solidarity with the rotor (1).
  • Said turbine comprises a number of bands or wings (7) of curvilinear path, rope parallel to the axis (4) around which it rotates the rotor (1), radial with respect to said shaft (4), and rotatably mounted on said ee (4).
  • any other version of the Darrieus turbine could be used, such as one with straight wings parallel to the axis of rotation, not shown.
  • the implementation in the wings (7) of a torque variator provided with inertial masses (30), in this example portions of mercury, which run through the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor along supports (a) 31) run, in this example tubes of material resistant to the action of mercury, closed and in vacuum conditions.
  • the inertial masses (30) are in a lower position due to the vertical position of the shaft (4) and gravity. Under these conditions the moment of inertia is low due to the proximity of the masses (30) to the axis (4), and it can start or increase its speed of rotation with lower wind loads and / or convection currents.
  • the centrifugal force and the configuration of the supports (31) cause the masses (30) to rise along said supports (31) separating from the axis (4) and increasing the torque and therefore the energy due to turbine rotation (2).
  • the provision of energy utilization means is provided, which can comprise an electric generator (38), arranged in this example of the invention in a space provided between the outlet of ventilation (9) and a skirt (39) of the rotor.
  • the skirt has a contour greater than that of said output (9) to the extent sufficient to accommodate said generator (38).
  • the inductor and the generator armature will be in solidarity with the rotor (1) and stator (8) of the collector or vice versa. Logically, the armature seems more suitable to be associated with the stator (8) due to the greater ease of extracting the induced currents without moving contacts.
  • the alternator can be prepared to operate as an engine and ensure ventilation in case of low convection load and / or low wind intensity.
  • the invention may comprise as means of harnessing energy a magnetic induction water heater (35), which in turn comprises a magnet plate inductor (36) with polarities Alternate in solidarity with the rotor (1) and a metal armature (37) in solidarity with the stator (8) through which a water circulation pipe (40) to be heated runs with the corresponding external connections.
  • a magnetic induction water heater 35
  • magnet plate inductor 336
  • metal armature 3-7 in solidarity with the stator (8) through which a water circulation pipe (40) to be heated runs with the corresponding external connections.
  • the stator (8) comprises a support with fixing means to the vent outlet duct (9), where the shaft (4) is fixed.
  • the fixing means may include, at least, a ring (41) with a diameter such that it allows the coupling by insertion thereof by the end of the conduit (9), as see in figure 1, which in turn can be complemented or replaced by the support collar (42) at the end of the duct (9) through an internal rib (12), which is seen in figure 3.
  • the invention has provided that the sensor that includes the Darrieus turbine can be used as a support for lighting means that allow its visualization as beaconing by aircraft and / or use as advertising support, which can serve to cover installation costs.
  • the outer surfaces of the wings of the Darrieus turbine and without altering the aerodynamic qualities, incorporated lines of LED 's of suitably high luminosity enough, even with possibility of can modulate their color (RGB).

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined energy collector of the type that comprises: a rotor (1) having blades (3), said rotor being coupled to a convection ventilation outlet (9) so as to be actuated by the convection currents generated naturally between the interior and the exterior; and a stator (8) equipped with means for securing same to the ventilation outlet (9) and associated with means for harnessing the energy owing to the movement of the rotor (1). The collector can also comprise elements for pre-guiding the convection flow towards the blades (3), and at least one cowling which can be oriented by the external wind and which conveys all of said wind towards the part of the rotor not equipped with a cowling. In addition, the collector includes additional means allowing the actuation of the rotor (1) by the external wind, such as a Darrieus turbine.

Description

CAPTADOR ENERGETICO COMBINADO  COMBINED ENERGY RECEIVER
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
Objeto de la Invención Object of the Invention
La presente invención se refiere a un captador energético combinado, especialmente ideado para aprovechamiento de energía de corrientes de convección en edificaciones combinado con energía eólica The present invention relates to a combined energy collector, specially designed for the use of energy from convection currents in buildings combined with wind energy
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Se conoce la Patente núm. 200931310(0) referente a un Generador eléctrico termodinámico, del mismo solicitante, que prevé la disposición de un molino aerogenerador de eje vertical, cuyos álabes son impulsados por las corrientes de convección que se generan a través de un shunt de ventilación de un recinto, por el gradiente de temperaturas con respecto al exterior. Patent No. 200931310 (0) referring to a thermodynamic electric generator, of the same applicant, which provides for the provision of a vertical axis wind turbine mill, whose blades are driven by convection currents that are generated through a shunt of ventilation of an enclosure, by the temperature gradient with respect to the outside.
El molino aerogenerador implementa un generador eléctrico de forma que el movimiento del molino se transforma en un movimiento relativo rotor-estator del generador, que en definitiva genera energía eléctrica aprovechable a través de una conexión externa. The wind turbine mill implements an electric generator so that the movement of the mill is transformed into a relative rotor-stator movement of the generator, which ultimately generates usable electric energy through an external connection.
Igualmente, el generador recogido en esta patente preveía el aprovechamiento del viento exterior, mediante la instalación de un carenado direccionable por el propio viento que esconde los álabes del molino que, al girar, se enfrentan al viento, y a su vez canalizaba éste hacia los álabes que giran a favor de viento, aumentando la presión dinánima sobre los mismos. El generador previsto en esta patente, aún funcionando satisfactoriamente, presenta el inconveniente de la pérdida de carga en las corrientes de convección, debida al propio generador, y que se manifiesta cuando el gradiente de temperaturas es demasiado bajo, y el viento exterior demasiado flojo. En estas condiciones el flujo de aire debido a la convección puede ser insuficiente para mover el generador, o proporciona éste una potencia baja, además de ralentizar la propia ventilación. Este efecto se agudiza cuando el molino está parado, ya que debe vencer una inercia adicional para iniciar el movimiento. Likewise, the generator included in this patent provided for the use of the external wind, by installing a fairing that can be addressed by the wind itself that hides the blades of the mill that, when turning, face the wind, and in turn channeled it towards the blades that turn in favor of wind, increasing the dynastic pressure on them. The generator provided in this patent, while still operating satisfactorily, has the disadvantage of the loss of load in the convection currents, due to the generator itself, and which manifests itself when the temperature gradient is too low, and the outside wind is too weak. Under these conditions the air flow due to convection may be insufficient to move the generator, or it provides low power, in addition to slowing down the ventilation itself. This effect is exacerbated when the mill is stopped, since it must overcome an additional inertia to start the movement.
Otra limitación que presenta es que únicamente prevé un aprovechamiento eléctrico de la energía, por lo que se generan pérdidas en la transformación de la electricidad a otras formas aprovechables en el entorno de la edificación. Another limitation that it presents is that it only foresees an electrical use of energy, so that losses are generated in the transformation of electricity to other usable forms in the building environment.
El campo de aplicación de la invención se encuentra comprendido dentro del sector industrial dedicado a la fabricación e instalación de aparatos, dispositivos y medios para el aprovechamiento de energías residuales y renovables. The field of application of the invention is comprised within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture and installation of apparatus, devices and means for the use of waste and renewable energy.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
El captador energético combinado de la invención tiene una constitución optimizada para maximizar el aprovechamiento de la energía residual de corrientes de ventilación por shunt y energía eólica. The combined energy collector of the invention has an optimized constitution to maximize the use of residual energy from shunt ventilation currents and wind energy.
De acuerdo con la invención, el captador comprende un rotor con álabes acoplado a una salida de ventilación por convección tipo shunt, para ser accionado por las corrientes de convección generadas de forma natural entre un ambiente interior y el exterior, así como un estator dotado de medios de fijación a dicha salida de ventilación. Igualmente está previsto que pueda ser utilizado en cualquier tiro natural que genere corrientes de convección, tales como tiros de escaleras, huecos de ascensores, etc. According to the invention, the collector comprises a rotor with blades coupled to a shunt convection ventilation outlet, to be driven by the naturally generated convection currents between an indoor and outdoor environment, as well as a stator provided with fixing means to said ventilation outlet. It is also provided that it can be used in any natural shot that generates convection currents, such as ladder shots, elevator shafts, etc.
La corriente de convección incide sobre los álabes del rotor provocando la creación de un par de giro con una aceleración proporcional al diferencial de gradiente térmico. Este par de giro se complementa con el efecto asociado a la impulsión derivada de la incidencia del viento exterior sobre la turbina Darrieus. The convection current affects the rotor blades causing the creation of a torque with an acceleration proportional to the thermal gradient differential. This torque is complemented by the effect associated with the drive derived from the incidence of outside wind on the Darrieus turbine.
El captador de la invención está a su vez asociado a medios de aprovechamiento de la energía implicada en el movimiento del rotor. The sensor of the invention is in turn associated with means of harnessing the energy involved in the movement of the rotor.
Además el captador de la invención puede comprender elementos de preguiado y canalización del flujo de convección optimizando su incidencia sobre los álabes, así como un carenado direccionable por el viento exterior, conductor de la totalidad de dicho viento hacia la parte del rotor desprovista de carenado. In addition, the sensor of the invention can comprise elements for preguiding and channeling the convection flow, optimizing its incidence on the blades, as well as a fairing that can be directed by the external wind, which conducts all of said wind towards the part of the rotor without a fairing.
Breve Descripción de los Dibujos Brief Description of the Drawings
La Figura 1 muestra una vista del captador energético de la invención. Figure 1 shows a view of the energy sensor of the invention.
Figura 2 muestra un detalle ampliado de la figu Figure 2 shows an enlarged detail of the figure
La figura 3 muestra una vista parcialmente explotada captador energético de la invención Figure 3 shows a partially exploited view of the energy collector of the invention
La figura 4 muestra una vista semejante a la figuraFigure 4 shows a view similar to the figure
3, donde se implementa una variante de la invención consistente en la incorporación de un calentador de agua inductivo 3, where a variant of the invention is implemented consisting of the incorporation of an inductive water heater
Descripción de la Forma de Realización Preferida Description of the Preferred Embodiment
El captador energético combinado de la invención comprende un rotor (1) de álabes (3) acoplado a una salida de ventilación (9) por convección (shunt o similar) para ser accionado por las corrientes de convección generadas de forma natural entre el interior y el exterior. Para ello también comprende un estator (8) dotado de los medios de fijación a la salida de ventilación (9), estando asociado el captador a medios de aprovechamiento de la energía causante del movimiento del rotor (1) . The combined energy sensor of the invention comprises a rotor (1) of blades (3) coupled to a ventilation outlet (9) by convection (shunt or the like) to be driven by the convection currents generated naturally between the interior and the outside. For this, it also comprises a stator (8) provided with the fixing means to the ventilation outlet (9), the sensor being associated with means of harnessing the energy causing the movement of the rotor (1).
Para mejorar la incidencia del flujo en los álabes (3) y aprovechar mejor la energía del mismo, se ha previsto la disposición de unos elementos de preguiado de dicho flujo, que en este ejemplo no limitativo de la invención comprenden unos elementos helicoidales (10) vinculados al eje (4) alrededor del que gira y se monta el rotor (1) así como a un collar (42), formando ambos parte del estator (8) . To improve the incidence of the flow in the blades (3) and make better use of the energy thereof, the provision of preguiding elements of said flow is provided, which in this non-limiting example of the invention comprise helical elements (10) linked to the shaft (4) around which the rotor (1) rotates and is mounted as well as to a collar (42), both forming part of the stator (8).
También se ha previsto que se pueda disponer un carenado, no representado, direccionable por el viento exterior, conductor de la totalidad de dicho viento hacia la parte del rotor desprovista de carenado, análogo al que se cita en los antecedentes. La invención ha previsto la disposición de unos medios adicionales para el accionamiento del rotor por el viento exterior, que en este ejemplo comprenden una turbina tipo Darrieus (2) solidarizada al rotor (1) . Dicha turbina comprende un número de bandas o alas (7) de recorrido curvilíneo, cuerda paralela al eje (4) en torno al que gira el rotor (1), radiales respecto a dicho eje (4), y montadas giratoriamente en dicho e e (4) . Igualmente se podría usar cualquier otra versión de la turbina Darrieus, como aquella con alas rectas en posición paralela al eje de giro, no representada . It is also envisaged that a fairing, not shown, addressable by the external wind, which conducts all of said wind towards the part of the rotor devoid of fairing, similar to that mentioned in the background, may be provided. The invention has provided for the provision of additional means for driving the rotor by the external wind, which in this example comprise a Darrieus type turbine (2) in solidarity with the rotor (1). Said turbine comprises a number of bands or wings (7) of curvilinear path, rope parallel to the axis (4) around which it rotates the rotor (1), radial with respect to said shaft (4), and rotatably mounted on said ee (4). Likewise, any other version of the Darrieus turbine could be used, such as one with straight wings parallel to the axis of rotation, not shown.
Adicionalmente se ha previsto la implementación en las alas (7) de un variador de par dotado de unas masas inerciales (30), en este ejemplo porciones de mercurio, que discurren por la fuerza centrífuga debida al giro del rotor a lo largo unos soportes (31) corridos, en este ejemplo tubos de material resistente a la acción del mercurio, cerrados y en condiciones de vacío. Cuando el rotor está detenido, las masas inerciales (30) están en posición inferior debido a la posición vertical del eje (4) y a la gravedad. En esas condiciones el momento de inercia es bajo por la proximidad de las masas (30) al eje (4), y puede iniciar o incrementar su velocidad de giro con menores cargas de viento y/o de corrientes de convección. A medida que aumenta la velocidad, la fuerza centrífuga y la configuración de los soportes (31) hacen que las masas (30) suban a lo largo de dichos soportes (31) separándose del eje (4) y aumentando el par y por tanto la energía debida al giro de la turbina (2) . Additionally, the implementation in the wings (7) of a torque variator provided with inertial masses (30), in this example portions of mercury, which run through the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor along supports (a) 31) run, in this example tubes of material resistant to the action of mercury, closed and in vacuum conditions. When the rotor is stopped, the inertial masses (30) are in a lower position due to the vertical position of the shaft (4) and gravity. Under these conditions the moment of inertia is low due to the proximity of the masses (30) to the axis (4), and it can start or increase its speed of rotation with lower wind loads and / or convection currents. As the speed increases, the centrifugal force and the configuration of the supports (31) cause the masses (30) to rise along said supports (31) separating from the axis (4) and increasing the torque and therefore the energy due to turbine rotation (2).
Precisamente para aprovechar la energía captada por el captador de la invención, se ha previsto la disposición de unos medios de aprovechamiento de energía, que pueden comprender un generador eléctrico (38), dispuesto en este ejemplo de la invención en un espacio previsto entre la salida de ventilación (9) y un faldón (39) propio del rotor. El faldón tiene contorno mayor al de la mencionada salida (9) en la medida suficiente para alojar dicho generador (38) . El inductor y el inducido del generador se encontrarán solidarizados al rotor (1) y estator (8) del captador o viceversa. Lógicamente el inducido parece más adecuado para asociarse al estator (8) debido a la mayor facilidad para extraer las corrientes inducidas sin contactos móviles. Además, como máquina reversible, el alternador puede estar preparado para funcionar como motor y asegurar la ventilación en caso de poca carga de convección y/o poca intensidad del viento exterior. Precisely in order to take advantage of the energy captured by the sensor of the invention, the provision of energy utilization means is provided, which can comprise an electric generator (38), arranged in this example of the invention in a space provided between the outlet of ventilation (9) and a skirt (39) of the rotor. The skirt has a contour greater than that of said output (9) to the extent sufficient to accommodate said generator (38). The inductor and the generator armature will be in solidarity with the rotor (1) and stator (8) of the collector or vice versa. Logically, the armature seems more suitable to be associated with the stator (8) due to the greater ease of extracting the induced currents without moving contacts. In addition, as a reversible machine, the alternator can be prepared to operate as an engine and ensure ventilation in case of low convection load and / or low wind intensity.
Igualmente la invención ha previsto que de forma alternativa o combinada a la anterior, pueda comprender como medios de aprovechamiento de energía un calentador de agua por inducción magnética (35) , que a su vez comprende un inductor de plato de imanes (36) con polaridades alternas solidarizado al rotor (1) y un inducido metálico (37) solidarizado al estator (8) por cuyo interior discurre un conducto (40) de circulación del agua a calentar con las correspondientes conexiones exteriores. Esta variante de la invención se representa en la figura 4. Likewise, the invention has provided that alternatively or in combination with the above, it may comprise as means of harnessing energy a magnetic induction water heater (35), which in turn comprises a magnet plate inductor (36) with polarities Alternate in solidarity with the rotor (1) and a metal armature (37) in solidarity with the stator (8) through which a water circulation pipe (40) to be heated runs with the corresponding external connections. This variant of the invention is represented in Figure 4.
El estator (8) comprende un soporte con medios de fijación al conducto de salida de ventilación (9), donde se fija el eje (4) . Dentro de las posibles materializaciones del estator (8), los medios de fijación pueden incluir, al menos, un aro (41) con un diámetro tal que permite el acoplamiento por inserción de los mismos por el extremo del conducto (9), como se ve en la figura 1, los cuales pueden a su vez ser complementados o sustituidos por el collar (42) de apoyo en el extremo del conducto (9) a través de una nervadura (12) interna, que se ve en la figura 3. The stator (8) comprises a support with fixing means to the vent outlet duct (9), where the shaft (4) is fixed. Within the possible materializations of the stator (8), the fixing means may include, at least, a ring (41) with a diameter such that it allows the coupling by insertion thereof by the end of the conduit (9), as see in figure 1, which in turn can be complemented or replaced by the support collar (42) at the end of the duct (9) through an internal rib (12), which is seen in figure 3.
Por último, la invención ha previsto que el captador que incluye la turbina Darrieus pueda ser utilizado como soporte para unos medios de iluminación que permitan su visualización como balizamiento por aeronaves y/o utilización como soporte publicitario, lo cual puede servir para sufragar los costes de instalación. En esta versión del captador de la invención, no representada, las superficies exteriores de las alas de la turbina Darrieus, y sin alterar las cualidades aerodinámicas, incorporarían unas líneas de led's de luminosidad adecuadamente elevada en número suficiente, incluso con posibilidad de que puedan modular su color (RGB) . Una vez que la turbina se ponga en marcha y en horas nocturnas, mediante un hardware determinado los led's comenzarán a encenderse de forma síncrona a la velocidad de giro y al mensaje que previamente se ha grabado en el sistema. El mensaje comenzará a salir en los led's mediante un barrido muy similar al de las televisiones, creando un falso espectro y dando la impresión de estar viendo imágenes en una esfera iluminada, incluso con imágenes en movimiento. Finally, the invention has provided that the sensor that includes the Darrieus turbine can be used as a support for lighting means that allow its visualization as beaconing by aircraft and / or use as advertising support, which can serve to cover installation costs. In this version of the sensor of the invention, not shown, the outer surfaces of the wings of the Darrieus turbine, and without altering the aerodynamic qualities, incorporated lines of LED 's of suitably high luminosity enough, even with possibility of can modulate their color (RGB). Once the turbine is started and night hours, using a specific hardware LED 's start synchronously switched to the speed and the message previously recorded in the system. The message will start to come in LED 's through a very similar to the television scanning, creating a false spectrum and giving the impression of seeing pictures in a bright field, even with moving images.
No obstante lo anterior, y puesto que la descripción realizada corresponde únicamente a un ejemplo de realización preferida de la invención, se comprenderá que dentro de su esencialidad podrán introducirse múltiples variaciones de detalle, asimismo protegidas, que podrán afectar a la forma, el tamaño o los materiales de fabricación del conjunto o de sus partes, sin que ello suponga alteración alguna de la invención en su conjunto, delimitada únicamente por las reivindicaciones que se proporcionan en lo que sigue. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and since the description given corresponds only to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that within its essentiality multiple variations of detail may be introduced, also protected, which may affect the shape, size or the manufacturing materials of the assembly or its parts, without this implying any alteration of the invention as a whole, delimited only by the claims provided in the following.

Claims

RE IVINDICACIONES RE IVINDICATIONS
1. -Captador energético combinado, del tipo que comprenden un rotor (1) de álabes (3) acoplado a una salida de ventilación (9) por convección para ser accionado por las corrientes de convección generadas de forma natural entre el interior y el exterior, y un estator (8) dotado de medios de fijación a dicha salida de ventilación (9), estando asociado a medios de aprovechamiento de la energía debida al movimiento del rotor (1); y pudiendo comprender elementos de preguiado del flujo de convección en sentido favorable hacia los álabes (3) ; y pudiendo comprender igualmente, al menos, un carenado direccionable por el viento exterior, conductor de la totalidad de dicho viento hacia la parte del rotor desprovista de carenado; caracterizado porque incorpora medios adicionales para el accionamiento del rotor (1) por el viento exterior. 1. Combined energy collector, of the type comprising a rotor (1) of blades (3) coupled to a ventilation outlet (9) by convection to be driven by the convection currents generated naturally between the interior and the exterior , and a stator (8) provided with fixing means to said ventilation outlet (9), being associated with means of harnessing energy due to the movement of the rotor (1); and being able to include preguiding elements of the convection flow in a favorable direction towards the blades (3); and being able to also comprise at least one fairing addressable by the external wind, driving all of said wind towards the part of the rotor devoid of fairing; characterized in that it incorporates additional means for driving the rotor (1) by the outside wind.
2. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque los medios adicionales para el accionamiento del rotor (1) por el viento exterior comprenden una turbina tipo Darrieus (2) solidarizada al rotor ( 1 ) . 2. - Combined energy collector according to claim 1 characterized in that the additional means for driving the rotor (1) by the external wind comprise a Darrieus type turbine (2) in solidarity with the rotor (1).
3. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 2 caracterizado porque la turbina tipo Darrieus (2) comprende un número de bandas o alas (7) de recorrido curvilíneo, cuerda paralela al eje (4) en torno al que gira el rotor (1), radiales respecto a dicho eje (4), y unidas al rotor (1) · 3. - Combined energy collector according to claim 2 characterized in that the Darrieus type turbine (2) comprises a number of bands or wings (7) of curvilinear travel, a rope parallel to the axis (4) around which the rotor (1) rotates, radial with respect to said axis (4), and attached to the rotor (1)
4. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 3 caracterizado porque adicionalmente comprende un variador de par implementado en las alas (7) de la turbina tipo Darrieus (2), dotado de unas masas inerciales (30) que discurren por la fuerza centrifuga debida al giro del rotor a lo largo unos soportes (31) corridos de forma que varia su distancia relativa al eje (4) según la velocidad de giro de la turbina (2) . 4. - Combined energy collector according to claim 3 characterized in that it additionally comprises a torque converter implemented in the wings (7) of the Darrieus type turbine (2), provided with inertial masses (30) that run by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the rotor along runners (31) run so that their relative distance to the axis (4) varies according to the speed of rotation of the turbine (2).
5. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 4 caracterizado porque las masas inerciales (30) comprenden porciones de mercurio, mientras que los soportes (31) comprenden tubos de material resistente cerrados y en condiciones de vacio. 5. - Combined energy collector according to claim 4 characterized in that the inertial masses (30) comprise portions of mercury, while the supports (31) comprise tubes of resistant material closed and in vacuum conditions.
6. -Captador energético combinado según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque los medios de aprovechamiento de energía comprenden un generador eléctrico ( 38 ) . 6. - Combined energy collector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for using energy comprise an electric generator (38).
7. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque el generador eléctrico (38) se encuentra dispuesto en un espacio previsto entre la salida de ventilación (9) y un faldón (39) propio del rotor, de contorno mayor al de la mencionada salida (9) en la medida suficiente para alojar dicho generador (38); encontrándose el inductor y el inducido del mismo solidarizados al rotor (1) y estator (8) del captador o viceversa. 7. - Combined energy collector according to claim 6 characterized in that the electric generator (38) is arranged in a space provided between the ventilation outlet (9) and a skirt (39) of the rotor, with a contour greater than that of said outlet (9) to the extent sufficient to accommodate said generator (38); the inductor and the armature being there joined to the rotor (1) and stator (8) of the collector or vice versa.
8. -Captador energético combinado según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque los medios de aprovechamiento de energía comprenden un calentador de agua por inducción magnética (35) . 8. - Combined energy collector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means of utilizing energy comprise a magnetic induction water heater (35).
9. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 8 caracterizado porque el calentador de agua por inducción magnética (35) comprende un inductor de plato de imanes (36) con polaridades alternas solidarizado al rotor (1) y un inducido metálico (37) solidarizado al estator (8) por cuyo interior discurre un conducto (40) de circulación del agua a calentar . 9. - Combined energy collector according to claim 8 characterized in that the magnetic induction water heater (35) comprises a magnet plate inductor (36) with alternating polarities in solidarity with the rotor (1) and a induced metal (37) in solidarity with the stator (8) through which there is a conduit (40) for the circulation of water to be heated.
10. -Captador energético combinado según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque el estator (8) comprende un soporte con medios de fijación al conducto de salida de ventilación (9) por convección, en el que se fija el eje (4) . 10. - Combined energy collector according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator (8) comprises a support with means for fixing to the vent outlet duct (9) by convection, in which the shaft (4) is fixed.
11. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación11.-Combined energy collector according to claim
10 caracterizado porque los medios de fijación al conducto de salida de ventilación (9) de convección del soporte comprenden, al menos, un aro (41) con un diámetro tal que permite el acoplamiento por inserción de dicho aro (8a) al extremo del conducto (9) . 10 characterized in that the fixing means to the convection outlet duct (9) of the convection of the support comprise at least one ring (41) with a diameter such that it allows coupling by inserting said ring (8a) to the end of the duct (9).
12. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación12.-Combined energy collector according to claim
11 caracterizado porque los medios de fijación al conducto de salida de ventilación (9) adicionalmente comprenden un collar (42) de apoyo en el extremo del conducto (9) a través de una nervadura (12) interna. 11 characterized in that the fixing means to the ventilation outlet duct (9) additionally comprise a support collar (42) at the end of the duct (9) through an internal rib (12).
13. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicaciones 11 o 12 caracterizado porque los elementos de preguiado del flujo de convección comprenden unos elementos helicoidales (10) vinculados al eje (4) y al collar (42) . 13. - Combined energy collector according to claims 11 or 12 characterized in that the preguiding elements of the convection flow comprise helical elements (10) linked to the shaft (4) and the collar (42).
14. -Captador energético combinado según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 13, caracterizado porque el alternador tiene constitución reversible en orden a funcionar como motor en condiciones de insuficiencia de viento o carga de convección. 14. - Combined energy collector according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the alternator has a reversible constitution in order to operate as a motor in conditions of insufficient wind or convection load.
15. -Captador energético combinado según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2 a 14, caracterizado porque las superficies exteriores de las alas de la turbina Darrieus incorporan unas lineas de led's de luminosidad adecuada, asociadas a un hardware apropiado, para su visualización cono balizamiento y/o medio de representación de publicidad. 15. -Captador combined energy according to any of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the wings of the Darrieus turbine incorporating lines of LED 's of suitable brightness associated with appropriate hardware, for marking and display cone / or means of advertising representation.
16. -Captador energético combinado según reivindicación 15, caracterizado porque las lineas de led's tienen medios de modulación de su color. 16. energy -Captador combination according to claim 15, characterized in that the lines led 's have means for modulating color.
PCT/ES2013/070404 2012-06-22 2013-06-21 Combined energy collector WO2013190163A1 (en)

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