WO2013185295A1

WO2013185295A1 - Method and system for short message service center address translation

Info

Publication number: WO2013185295A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/076790
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王纯超
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2012-06-12
Filing date: 2012-06-12
Publication date: 2013-12-19
Also published as: CN102835095A; CN102835095B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of communications and provides a method and system for short message service center (SMSC) address translation. The method comprises: receiving a short message sent by a terminal, the short message carrying information about an SMSC address; determining whether the information about the SMSC address exists in a configured SMSC address translation list; and if yes, translating the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list. The present invention can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that the short message service (SMS) cannot be used normally when the SMSC address changes.

Description

Method and system for short message service center address translation

Technical field

The present invention belongs to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and system for address translation of a short message service center.

Background technique

Short message service (Short Messaging) Service (SMS) is a commonly used data service in wireless networks. It uses a signaling link to implement peer-to-peer information transmission. It is a non-real-time and reliable information transmission service.

The SMS process includes: GPRS service support node (Serving GPRS Support) The Node, SGSN) receives the short message sent by the calling party to the called party, and the short message carries the short message service center (Short Message Service) The address information of the center, the SMSC, is sent by the SGSN to the corresponding SMSC according to the SMSC address information, and the SMSC sends the short message to the called party.

The SMSC address information carried in the existing SMS short message is fixed. When the SMSC address changes, for example, an operator is merged or acquired by another carrier, or the operator's networking plan changes, when a new SMSC address is enabled, it may be The SMS is not working properly and affects the user experience.

technical problem

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for address translation of a short message service center, which may solve the problem that the SMS may not be used normally when the SMSC address changes.

Technical solution

The embodiment of the present invention is implemented by the method for address translation of a short message service center, and the method includes:

Receiving a short message sent by the terminal, where the short message carries the short message service center SMSC address information;

Determining whether the SMSC address information is in a configured SMSC address translation list;

If so, the SMSC address is converted into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list.

A method for short message service center address translation, the method comprising:

Receive MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE sent by GPRS service support node SGSN Message

Determining whether the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message carries a modified Flag position

If yes, the terminal that sends the short message feeds back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a GPRS service support node, where the GPRS service support node includes:

a message receiving unit, configured to receive a short message sent by the terminal, where the short message carries a short message service center SMSC address information;

a determining unit, configured to determine whether the SMSC address information is in a configured SMSC address translation list;

And a converting unit, configured to convert the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list when the determining unit determines that the result is yes.

A short message service center, the short message service center includes:

a message receiving unit, configured to receive a MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message sent by the GPRS service support node SGSN;

a determining unit, configured to determine MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE received by the message receiving unit Whether the modified flag is carried in the message;

The information feedback unit is configured to: when the judgment unit determines that the result is YES, feed back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address to the terminal that sends the short message, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a system for short message service center address translation, the system comprising the GPRS service support node and/or the short message service center.

Beneficial effect

As can be seen from the foregoing technical solution, the embodiment of the present invention is preconfigured with an SMSC address translation list, and when the SMSC address carried by the short message sent by the terminal is in the SMSC address translation list, the SMSC address is converted into the The corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list. According to the embodiment of the present invention, when the SMSC address changes, for example, when an operator is merged or acquired by another operator, or the operator's networking plan is changed, when the new SMSC address is enabled, the old SMSC address may be used. The conversion to the new SMSC address solves the problem that the prior art may cause the SMS to be unable to be used normally when the SMSC address changes, and the user experience is improved, and the utility model has strong practicability.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only the present invention. For some embodiments, other drawings may be obtained from those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the inventive workability.

1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a short message service center address translation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a flowchart of an implementation of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flowchart of an implementation of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a flowchart of an implementation of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an interaction flowchart of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

6 is a structural diagram of a GPRS service support node according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a short message service center according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In order to explain the technical solution described in the present invention, the following description will be made by way of specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system scenario applicable to a short message service center address translation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment are shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the system includes a terminal device 1, a GPRS service support node 2, and a plurality of short message service centers 3, and the terminal device 1, the GPRS service support node 2, and the plurality of short message service centers 3 communicate via a network connection. .

The terminal device 1 may be any terminal device having a network access function, including but not limited to a mobile phone, an IPAD, a notebook computer, and the like.

In this embodiment, the SGSN receives the short message sent by the calling party terminal device to the called party terminal device, where the short message carries the SMSC address information, and the SGSN determines whether the SMSC address carried by the short message is at the SMSC address. And converting the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list, and then sending the short message to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address, so that the The new SMSC is sent to the called party terminal device after receiving the short message. This embodiment can effectively solve the problem that the prior art may cause the SMS to be unable to be used normally when the SMSC address changes.

Preferably, in order to effectively correct the erroneous or invalid SMSC address set by the user due to an operation error, and further improve the practicability of the system, the SGSN further includes:

Determining, in the configured SMSC address translation list, that the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information;

If not, the SMSC address is converted to a pre-set new SMSC address.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the user to modify the wrong or old SMSC address in time and accurately, the short message service center 3 further includes:

Receiving MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE sent by the SGSN2 a message determining whether the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message carries a modified The flag bit, if yes, feeds back the prompt information of the modified SMSC address to the terminal device 1 that sends the short message, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.

The system scenario provided in this embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an implementation process of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The execution body of the embodiment is the GPRS service support node 2 in FIG. 1, and the process is detailed as follows:

In step S201, the short message sent by the terminal is received, where the short message carries the short message service center SMSC address information.

In this embodiment, after receiving the short message CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA) sent by the terminal, the SGSN will feed back an acknowledged CP_ACK to the terminal. Message. Each short message carries a certain, unique short message service center SMSC address.

In step S202, it is determined whether the SMSC address information is in the configured SMSC address translation list. If the determination result is "YES", then step S203 is performed, and if the determination result is "NO", step S204 is performed.

In this embodiment, the SMSC address translation list includes a mapping relationship between the old and new SMSC addresses.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, an SMSC address translation list is pre-established. When the SMSC address changes, the changed SMSC address information is stored in the SMSC address translation list. E.g, The SMSC address in the mobile phone card of the merged carrier is 1234, and the SMSC address in the mobile phone card of the merged carrier is 5678, and the mapping relationship of 1234 (old SMSC address) -> 5678 (new SMSC address) is stored in the above. SMSC address translation list.

In step S203, the SMSC address is converted into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list.

An example (but not limited to this example):

When the SMSC address carried in the short message sent by the terminal is 1234, and the SMSC address translation list has the following mapping information 1234 -> 5678, the SGSN converts the SMSC address 1234 into 5678, that is, sends the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message to the SMSC with the address 5678. .

In step S204, the subsequent short message mobile originating service is continued (Short Message) The mobile-originated (SMMO) process, the subsequent SMMO business process is the same as the existing one, and will not be described here.

The embodiment further includes: before sending the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message to the new SMSC address, MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The old SMSC address in the message is modified to the new SMSC address to complete the transmission of the subsequent short message.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the user to understand the reason of the SMSC modification, and enhance the practicality and the user experience, the embodiment further includes:

Add modified to the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message The flag bit and the modified cause, and according to the new SMSC address, will include the modified flag bit and modified The MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message of the cause is sent to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address. Where the modified The flag bit is used to indicate that the SMSC address corresponding to the current short message has been modified, the modified The cause is used to indicate the reason for the modification, including but not limited to the operator's network planning change to enable a new SMSC address, or the current SMSC address is an invalid SMSC address.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the SMSC address changes, for example, an operator is merged or acquired by another operator, or when the operator's networking plan changes to enable a new SMSC address, the old SMSC address can be converted into the new one. The SMSC address solves the problem that the prior art may cause the SMS to be unable to be used normally when the SMSC address changes, and improves the user experience, and has strong practicability.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an implementation process of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The execution body of the embodiment is the GPRS service support node 2 in FIG. 1. The process is detailed as follows:

In step S301, the short message sent by the terminal is received, and the short message carries the short message service center SMSC address information.

In step S302, it is determined whether the SMSC address information is in the configured SMSC address translation list. If the determination result is "Yes", then step S303 is performed, and if the determination result is "No", then step S304 is performed.

In step S303, the SMSC address is converted into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list.

The steps S301 to S303 of the embodiment are the same as the steps S201 to S203 of the embodiment of the present invention. For the specific implementation, refer to the related descriptions of the steps S201 to S203 of the corresponding embodiment of FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.

In step S304, it is determined whether the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information. If the determination result is YES, step S306 is performed, and if the determination result is "NO", step S305 is performed.

In this embodiment, there may be an erroneous SMSC address set due to an operation error of the user. Therefore, when the SMSC address information is not in the SMSC address translation list, it is required to determine whether the SMSC address information is a valid SMSC address information. The SMSC address is an existing existing SMS service center address. If the SMSC address information is invalid SMSC address information, the SGSN cannot locate the corresponding SMSC, and step S305 needs to be performed. If the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information, and the SMSC address information is not in the SMSC address translation list, it indicates that the SMSC address has not changed, and the subsequent SMMO process is continued.

In step S305, the SMSC address is converted into a preset new SMSC address.

In this embodiment, in order to complete the transmission of the short message, the invalid SMSC address is converted into a preset new SMSC address. For example, if the new SMSC address is set to 5678, and the SMSC address carried in the short message sent by the terminal is 1324, and the address is not in the SMSC address translation list, the SGSN cannot find the SMSC corresponding to the address 1324. Then, the address is determined to be an invalid address, and the address 1324 is converted to 5678, that is, the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message is sent to the SMSC with the address 5678.

In step S306, the subsequent short message mobile originating service is continued (Short Message) The mobile-originated (SMMO) process, the subsequent SMMO business process is the same as the existing one, and will not be described here.

This embodiment adds a judgment on the validity of the SMSC address on the basis of the corresponding embodiment of FIG. 2, and corrects the invalid SMSC address (for example, an erroneous SMSC address set due to a user's operation error or the like) to complete the short message. The transmission further enhances the usability and user experience.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an implementation process of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The execution body of the embodiment is the short message service center 3 in FIG. 1, and the process is detailed as follows:

In step S401, the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message sent by the GPRS service support node SGSN is received.

In step S402, the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE is determined. Whether the modified flag bit is carried in the message, if the determination result is "Yes", then step S403 is performed, otherwise step S404 is performed.

It should be noted that when the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE When the message carries the modified flag, it also carries the corresponding modified cause. Where the modified The flag bit is used to indicate that the SMSC address corresponding to the current short message has been modified, the modified The cause is used to indicate the reason for the modification, including but not limited to the operator's network planning change to enable a new SMSC address, or the current SMSC address is an invalid SMSC address.

In step S403, the terminal that sends the short message feeds back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.

Specifically, it is modified according to the modified flag bit. The cause feeds back the corresponding prompt information for modifying the SMSC address to the terminal that sends the short message. For example, the SMSC address in the mobile phone card of the merged carrier is 1234, and the SMSC address in the mobile phone card of the merged carrier is 5678. When the cause is "Enable new SMSC address", the following message can be sent back to the terminal that sends the short message: If the new SMSC address is enabled, change the original SMSC address 1234 to 5678.

In step S404, the subsequent short message mobile originating service is continued (Short Message) The mobile-originated (SMMO) process, the subsequent SMMO business process is the same as the existing one, and will not be described here.

In this embodiment, when the SMSC address is invalid or changed, the terminal that sends the short message feeds back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address, and the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information, so that the user can correct the error or the error in time or accurately. Old SMSC address.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an interaction process of a short message service center address translation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method is detailed as follows.

1. The originating end (MS) sends a CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA short message) to the SGSN, where the short message carries the SMSC address information;

2. After receiving the CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA short message, the SGSN feeds back the CP_ACK to the MS. Message

3. If the Global System of Mobile (Global System of Mobile) Communication, GSM) or Universal Mobile Telecommunications (Universal Mobile Telecommunications) System, UMTS) configures the authentication process, and the SGSN needs to perform authentication processing on the MS to determine whether the MS can send a short message. If the authentication passes, the subsequent process is performed, otherwise the MS is reported.

The SGSN determines whether the SMSC address information in the short message is in the configured SMSC address translation list, and if so, converts the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list, otherwise Whether the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information, and if invalid, converting the SMSC address to a preset new SMSC address;

5, SGSN will MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The SMSC address in the message is modified to the new SMSC address, and the modified MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message is added. Marker and modified cause;

6. The SGSN will include the modified flag bit and modified according to the new SMSC address information. Cause MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE Sending a message to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address, and forwarding the CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA short message to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address;

7. The SMSC receives the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE a message and the CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA short message, and feeding back a MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE?_ACK message to the SGSN;

8. The SMSC is modified according to the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message. Flag bit and modified The cause is to send a message to the MS that sends the short message to modify the SMSC address. The prompt information carries the new SMSC address information, and the CP_DATA (RP_MO_DATA short message is sent to the receiving end.

FIG. 6 shows a component structure of a GPRS service support node according to another embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.

The GPRS service support node 2 includes a message receiving unit 21, a first judging unit 22, and a first converting unit 23. Among them, the specific functions of each unit are as follows:

The message receiving unit 21 is configured to receive a short message sent by the terminal, where the short message carries the short message service center SMSC address information;

The first determining unit 22 is configured to determine whether the SMSC address information is in the configured SMSC address translation list.

The first converting unit 23 is configured to convert the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list when the first determining unit 22 determines that the result is yes.

Further, the GPRS service support node 2 further includes:

The second determining unit 24 is configured to determine, when the first determining unit 22 determines that the result is negative, whether the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information;

The second converting unit 25 is configured to convert the SMSC address into a preset new SMSC address when the second determining unit 24 determines that the result is no.

Further, the GPRS service support node 2 further includes:

Modification unit 26 for MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The SMSC address in the message is modified to the new SMSC address.

Further, the GPRS service support node 2 further includes:

An information adding unit 27 for using the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The modified flag and the modified cause are added to the message.

Further, the GPRS service support node 2 further includes:

The message sending unit 28 is configured to include the modified flag bit and the modified according to the new SMSC address. The MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message of the cause is sent to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address.

The GPRS service support node 2 provided in this embodiment may use the corresponding short message service center address translation method. For details, refer to the related description of the short message service center address translation method in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. This will not be repeated here.

FIG. 7 shows a component structure of an access point device according to another embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.

The short message service center 3 includes a message receiving unit 31, a judging unit 32, and an information feedback unit 33. Among them, the specific functions of each unit are as follows:

The message receiving unit 31 is configured to receive a MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message sent by the GPRS service support node SGSN;

The determining unit 32 is configured to determine whether the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message received by the message receiving unit 31 carries a modified Flag position

The information feedback unit 33 is configured to, when the determining unit 32 determines that the result is yes, feed back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address to the terminal that sends the short message, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.

The short message service center 3 provided in this embodiment may use the foregoing short message service center address translation method. For details, refer to the related description of the corresponding embodiment of the short message service center address translation method in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, and no longer Narration.

A person skilled in the art can understand that each unit included in the GPRS service support node embodiment and the short message service center embodiment is only divided according to functional logic, but is not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding The functions are only applicable; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the purpose of distinguishing from each other, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention is pre-configured with an SMSC address translation list, and when the SMSC address carried by the short message sent by the terminal is in the SMSC address translation list, the SMSC address is converted into the SMSC address translation list. Corresponding new SMSC address. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the SMSC address changes, for example, an operator is merged or acquired by another operator, or when the operator's networking plan changes to enable a new SMSC address, the old SMSC address can be converted into the new one. The SMSC address solves the problem that the prior art may cause the SMS to be unable to be used normally when the SMSC address changes. And when the SMSC address is not in the SMSC address translation list, by further determining the validity of the SMSC address, correcting the invalid SMSC address (for example, an incorrect SMSC address set due to a user's operation error or the like), Complete the sending of short messages. The embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the user experience and has strong practicability.

The data caching method in the multi-node system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be completed in whole or in part by hardware related to program instructions. For example, it can be done by running a program on a computer. The program can be stored in a readable storage medium such as a random access memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.

The embodiments described above are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the examples are modified, or equivalent to some of the technical features, and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A method for address translation of a short message service center, characterized in that the method comprises:

Receiving a short message sent by the terminal, where the short message carries the short message service center SMSC address information;

Determining whether the SMSC address information is in a configured SMSC address translation list;

If so, the SMSC address is converted into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list.
The method of claim 1 wherein the method further comprises:

When the SMSC address information is not in the configured SMSC address translation list, determining whether the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information;

If not, the SMSC address is converted to a pre-set new SMSC address.
The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the method further comprises:

Will MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The SMSC address in the message is modified to the new SMSC address.
The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the method further comprises:

Add modified flag and modified in the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message Cause .
The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:

According to the new SMSC address, the modified flag bit and modified will be included The MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message of the cause is sent to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address.
A method for address translation of a short message service center, characterized in that the method comprises:

Receive MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE sent by GPRS service support node SGSN Message

Determining whether the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message carries a modified Flag position

If yes, the terminal that sends the short message feeds back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.
A GPRS service support node, wherein the GPRS service support node comprises:

a message receiving unit, configured to receive a short message sent by the terminal, where the short message carries a short message service center SMSC address information;

a first determining unit, configured to determine whether the SMSC address information is in a configured SMSC address translation list;

The first converting unit is configured to convert the SMSC address into a corresponding new SMSC address in the SMSC address translation list when the first determining unit determines that the result is yes.
The GPRS service support node according to claim 7, wherein the GPRS service support node further comprises:

a second determining unit, configured to determine, when the first determining unit determines that the result is negative, whether the SMSC address information is valid SMSC address information;

And a second converting unit, configured to: when the second determining unit determines that the result is no, convert the SMSC address to a preset new SMSC address.
The GPRS service support node according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the GPRS service support node further comprises:

Modify the unit for MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE The SMSC address in the message is modified to the new SMSC address.
The GPRS service support node according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein the GPRS service support node further comprises:

An information adding unit for adding a modified in the MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message Flag position and modified cause.
The GPRS service support node according to claim 10, wherein the GPRS service support node further comprises:

a message sending unit, configured to include the modified flag bit and modified according to the new SMSC address The MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE message of the cause is sent to the SMSC corresponding to the new SMSC address.
A short message service center, characterized in that the short message service center comprises:

a message receiving unit, configured to receive MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE sent by the GPRS service support node SGSN Message

a determining unit, configured to determine MAP_MO_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE received by the message receiving unit Whether the modified flag is carried in the message;

The information feedback unit is configured to: when the judgment unit determines that the result is YES, feed back the prompt information for modifying the SMSC address to the terminal that sends the short message, where the prompt information carries the new SMSC address information.
A system for short message service center address translation, characterized in that the system comprises:

A GPRS service support node according to any one of claims 7-11 and/or a short message service center according to claim 12;

The GPRS service support node communicates with the short message service center through a network connection.