WO2013175252A1

WO2013175252A1 - Kinetic electricity generator device

Info

Publication number: WO2013175252A1
Application number: PCT/IB2012/001016
Authority: WO
Inventors: Elis Mantovani
Original assignee: Elis Mantovani
Priority date: 2012-05-24
Filing date: 2012-05-24
Publication date: 2013-11-28

Abstract

Kinetic electricity generator device consisting of a rotor/stator system comprising: i - laminated stator cores (31) with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations; ii - a containment casing (32) for one or a plurality of stator modules (31); iii - copper coils (33) for winding each stator projection; iv - internal connections (34) between individual coils and between groups of coils of the same phase, F1, F2, F3... Fn; v - flexible and/or rigid wire conductors (35) for bringing out of each individual stator module the phases delivering the electrical energy; vi - laminated rotor cores (37) with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations; vii - N/S (38) and S/N (39) permanent magnets; said device being configurable in real time by switching, during its operation, between a plurality of different wiring schemes of the stator windings (33), in combination with a plurality of different configurations of the rotor and of the associated blade sets, depending on the size, the kind of fluid and the contingent features of the fluid used as energy source, for taking in account speed fluctuations in the "driving" flow.

Description

KINETIC ELECTRICITY GENERATOR DEVICE¹

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to the production of electrical energy from renewable sources. More particularly, the invention is directed to a series of devices for generating electric current in the fields of power generation from renewable sources, energy saving techniques, environment preservation, with reference also to the manufacturing techniques of the same devices.

It will be appreciated, however, that the proposed solution has a much wider application range and can be used in any device intended for electrical energy generation or in other applications for power control in regimes subjected to high fluctuations.

Prior art

In the last decades the power generation from natural sources, such as sun and wind, has been an important goal for many innovating enterprises and for the research community in general. Reducing the dependency on traditional energy sources remains a primary goal because of the concern that some of these resources, such as natural gas, oil or coal may sooner or later get exhausted. In the case of the wind power plants there is a basic factor which cannot be derived from statistical analyses made in advance: the intensity of the wind. This factor, which determines the output of the wind power generator, is crucial in the choice of making or not an investment. The construction of a wind power plant always takes into account measures for dampening the frequent intensity fluctuations.

The present offer of generators of the kinetic type, either synchronous, asynchronous or dynamos, for producing electrical energy is large, above all for the first two categories and for medium/large powers.

Large synchronous generators can be advantageously constructed without permanent magnets, since the size of the rotor allows using electromagnets excited by means of a second coaxial alternator (having its own stator and associated winding with a dedicated variable power supply) provided with rectifier diodes for each single phase which rotate together with the rotor.

Due to the increased attention to environment preservation, the requests for generators are continuously increasing, particularly for small synchronous generators. For this kind of generators, however, the offer is poor, the prices are high and the renewable energy sources, particularly air and water flows, are by their own nature subjected to frequent intensity and often also flow direction fluctuations.

Said fluctuations can strongly vary depending on the kind of fluid and, above all, on the kind of environment, therefore it is absolutely necessary that the blade set(s) has/have size and shape specifically adapted for the intended use.

However, the specificity of the blade set(s), in the majority of cases, has to be a balanced compromise, being in practice optimal only in those cases where the flow is channeled and derives from a defined potential (e.g. a dam).

On the other hand, synchronous machines with permanent magnets, thanks to the features of the modern "NdFeB" magnets (rare-earth-sintered), achieve high efficiencies and are extremely reliable since they do not have collectors (brushless).

In this respect, it is briefly noted that the reference to electrical energy generators, in the following description, is generally directed to synchronous machines and alternators, in which a stator, with a main winding, is inductively coupled with a main magnet/rotor, operating in AC or DC mode.

For example, in DC motors the rotating system is formed by a group of coils wound on an iron cylinder, called rotor. This allows obtaining a uniform rotational motion and transferring it, by means of a shaft connected with the rotor, to other mechanical members.

In principle, an alternator (for example, of the single-phase type) is instead formed by a sort of stationary spool, called stator, which serves as a support for a number of coils connected in series. The magnetic field is generated by one or more electromagnets forming the rotor, i.e. the rotating part of the alternator. When the poles of the electromagnets go past the stator coils, induced EMFs arise in these coils, which add up to one another due to the connection in series. The system geometry is such that all the EMFs oscillate in time with a same phase for outputting an uniform voltage/current quantity.

The object of the present invention is to produce electrical energy when a moving fluid, even with a low speed flow, is available. This essentially means capturing all the available energy, even in very small amounts, and making it available for a user, as soon as a certain threshold is reached.

Another object is to facilitate the installation and initialization of an power generator device, and the adjustment and control of the same, providing each time for an immediate presetting of the operating parameters based on the present power levels.

Finally, it is an object of the present invention to provide a generator device of the kinetic type for adjusting the deliverable electric power, which employs constructive elements, materials and techniques which are standard in the field of the electromechanical construction, in order to make the device cheap and easily maintainable.

These and other objects that will become more apparent in the following description are achieved by means of an electric current generator whose main features are indicated in the appended independent claim. A number of techniques and processes for manufacturing these devices are further mentioned in the dependent claims.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor/stator section of the electric current generator according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor/stator section of the electric current generator according to the present invention, in which some details of the connections are indicated in greater detail.

Figures 3a and 3b are schematic representations of the different alternative connections of the magnet windings of the electric current generator according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor/stator section of the electric current generator according to an alternative configuration.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor/stator section of the electric current generator according to the present invention in another alternative configuration. Figure 6 is a schematic representation showing in greater detail the rotor/stator device of the blade set system with associated rotating shaft.

Figure 7 is a schematic representation showing the cooperation between the structural elements of the rotor and of the stator. Figure 8 shows the structure based on many similar modules of the electric current generator according to the present invention.

Figure 9 is a representation of a particular manufacturing process of the components of the electric generator according to the present invention.

Figure 10a and 10b are sectional views showing a particular housing support of an electric generator according to the present invention.

Description

The range of generators that will be described derives from the fortunate combination of the base concepts of modern synchronous machines with some specific intuitions. These innovative electricity generators are conceived so that they can be industrially manufactured by means of emerging and multidisciplinary processes and techniques, ranging from physics to information technology, for ensuring a high competitiveness together with the necessary operating reliability. As already mentioned, the new generator according to the invention is of the permanent magnet type and the energy produced is delivered by means of a plurality of AC single-phase or three-phase lines.

A plurality of possible wiring scheme of the statoric windings suitably combined with a plurality of possible configurations of the rotor and of the associated blade sets allows producing a "customized" generator, depending on the sizes, the kind of fluid and the features of the fluid (gaseous or liquid) representing the energy source.

The wide range of possible windings comprises also the three-phase ones, which allow directly actuating, for example, a common asynchronous or synchronous motor; of course the frequency depends directly on the rotation speed of the generator, hence this solution is advantageous only when it is possible, and above all convenient, to control the speed of the fluid, thus ensuring that the desired frequency and thus the speed of the motor so actuated is maintained.

However, taking into account that the present technology of the frequency converters (inverters) is such to encourage in any field of application the use of these devices, which nowadays are extremely reliable and versatile, for actuating three-phase motors, the frequency value delivered by a modern generator is not important at all. On the other hand, the energy available from a renewable source is certainly extremely variable: above all when wind power is considered, there are frequent, and often sudden, changes in the "driving" flow (air or wind stream), therefore thinking to keep the rotation speed of the generator constant would be unrealistic and would certainly cause a large waste of energy.

For the range of generators according to the present invention it is preferred to deliver power by means of a plurality of single-phase lines characterized by a high frequency in relation to rotation speed that the "driving" flow is able to transfer to the generator itself.

Outside the generator each line is suitably rectified by means of diode bridges connected with one or more capacitor banks and then feeds one or more conventional frequency converters (inverters) for adapting the energy being produced to the user grid(s).

The generator conceived according to the invention is designed so that, notwithstanding a large number of "NdFeB" sintered permanent magnet pairs (N/S and S/N) received in the rotor, it has a virtually zero static torque.

The reduction of the static torque is obtained, according to the invention, by configuring and arranging the ferromagnetic laminations of the stator, formed by one or more laminated cores, so that the iron surfaces, although they have a plurality of projections alternated with as many gaps, are continuous, thus avoiding any preferential angular positioning of the rotor relative to the stator.

The static torque, which, as said, is virtually zero, has in practice values in the rage 0,04 ÷ 0,08 Nm and is determined only by the unavoidable radial positioning errors of the permanent magnets inserted in the rotor slots and by the strength difference between each individual magnet.

The rotor shaft is supported by means of suitable rolling bearings, as a non- limiting example ball bearings, or by means of the repulsion force generated by opposite permanent magnets radially and axially arranged in a suitable way. The air gap between the magnets, of a few hundredth of millimeters, ensures the proper rotation of the rotor without any friction and without wearing.

Figure 1 shows a possible configuration of the stator laminations 5 with 24 projections and of a rotor 6 with 28 slots for the insertion of 14 pairs of permanent N/S and S/N magnets, indicated in Figure 1 respectively by hatched and cross- hatched sections.

The proportions resulting from Figure 1 are realistic; it is clearly apparent the large saving of ferromagnetic material which is exploited in the best way, but avoiding an excessive saturation, thus considerably limiting the iron losses. These remain very low also because it is preferred to use a material with low inertia, making it possible to operate with a good efficiency even at high frequencies, which in any case are considerably higher compared to the known generators available on the market.

Figure 2 shows in greater detail and as a non-limiting example a possible stator winding for a base configuration of the kind represented in Figure 1.

In this figure, wherein a same reference numeral indicates a same function, the following components are represented:

31 : laminated stator core with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations;

32: containment casing for one or a plurality of stator modules like the laminated stator core;

33: copper coil for winding each stator projection (in the specific case, 24 coils); 34: internal connections between individual coils and between groups of coils of the same phase (in the specific case, the phases F1 , F2, F3 and F4);

35: flexible and/or rigid wire conductors for bringing out of each individual stator module the phases delivering AC electrical energy;

36: tubular shaft made of metal or of a carbon fiber composite with epoxy resin; 37: laminated rotor core with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations;

38: N/S permanent magnets (in the specific case, 14 North/South elements);

39: S/N permanent magnets (in the specific case, 14 South/North elements).

Moreover, in the figure legend the different internal connections which are present are indicated with different kinds of dashed lines.

The stator winding shown in Figure 2 can be connected according either to a configuration denominated "a" or to a configuration denominated "b", as shown in the following Figure 3.

The configuration "a", with eight output wires, can be easily adapted to different rotation speeds of the generator, because when the rotation speed of the generator is very slow, i.e. when the driving flow has a low speed, the terminals F1a'-F2a'-F3a' and F4a' can be short-circuited, by means of known circuit switches and known solid-state or electromechanical swap actuators; F1a' is swapped with F2a and F3a' is swapped with F4a, obtaining the configuration of the scheme "b". The voltage value is exactly doubled and thus the losses due to AC conversion are noticeably reduced, both because the number of rectifier diode bridges is halved and because the minimum voltage threshold, essential for the same rectifier diodes, is largely exceeded.

When the rotation speed of the generator is high enough, it will be possible to decide, with a suitable automatic actuation based on the actual voltage, to revert to the configuration according to the scheme "a". The actual voltage limitation is obtained with the use of cheaper electronic components, rectifiers and capacitors, without any negative effect on the efficiency or reliability.

The configuration "b", as already mentioned, doubles the voltage between the terminals F1 b ÷ F2b and F3b ÷ F4b and requires two bridges with four rectifier diodes: it is thus particularly suitable when the driving flow is more constant, or better when the flow speed fluctuations are less significant. In this case, the coils of the stator winding will be suitably dimensioned - number of turns and size of the conductor wire - so that the voltage delivered by the generator correctly lies within the limits required for obtaining a good efficiency.

Subsequent Figures 4 and 5 show other non-limiting examples of a possible "stator ÷ rotor" configuration.

The configuration, shown in Figure 4 by way of example, with 24 stator slots and 24 rotor slots with an alternation of a N/S permanent magnet followed by a S/N permanent magnet, provides windings delivering a three-phase AC.

Also the configuration, shown in Figure 5 by way of example, with 24 stator slots and 24 rotor slots, but with an alternation of three N/S permanent magnets followed by three S/N permanent magnets, provides a further possibility for delivering a three-phase AC.

The two configurations are similar also as to the efficiency; the choice will be made on the basis of by a case-by-case assessment which takes into account the generator size, the delivered voltage, since it is directly proportional to the rotation speed of the generator, as well as the delivered current, which directly affects the torque (Nm) required by the generator itself. The aforesaid assessments depend also on the kind of industrialization, on the related applicable processes and on the degree of automation.

The range of generators according to the present invention, being characterized by a high efficiency independently of the size, it is thus intended, as a preferred but non-limiting application, for making small units for electric power generation, with powers ranging from less than 1 kW up to some tenths of kW.

In Figure 6 a 3D exploded view of the base components of a generator according to the invention is represented.

The essential parts of the range of generators of the present invention are:

• the generator unit 41 comprising a stator, arranged inside the respective casing, and a rotor mounted on the respective shaft;

• a blade set 42 with connection elements for the connection to the shaft and allowing the rotation;

• a possible second blade set 43, identical or similar to the blade set 42 with connection elements for the connection with the shaft and allowing the rotation;

• a support and casing for the generator unit, not shown in the figure.

As stated beforehand, the renewable energy sources, particularly air and water flows, are by their own nature subjected to frequent intensity and often also flow direction fluctuations.

It is absolutely necessary that the blade set(s) has/have size and shape specifically adapted for the intended use, since the aforesaid fluctuations strongly vary depending on the kind of fluid and, above all, on the kind of environment.

However, the specificity of the blade set(s), in the majority of cases, shall be a balanced compromise, being in practice optimal only in those cases where the flow is channeled and derives from a defined potential (e.g. a dam).

Channeling a flow and creating a potential means, in most of the cases, spoiling the environment in a more or less invasive way; aiming at an optimization of the blade set(s) thus conflicts with the industrial aspect, the production costs and the environment preservation. The present invention manages to satisfy the different needs by means of a flexible solution which adapts to the wind speed and direction.

Figure 7 is very explicative of the cooperation between the two sheet structures corresponding respectively to the stator section A and the rotor section B.

On the one hand, the stator lamination A is configured as a circular flat structure on the inside of which cavities alpha, having a cross section shaped as an isosceles trapezoid, are formed in sequence, defining a receiving recess for receiving the stator turns; on the other hand, the rotor lamination is configured as a circular flat structure, on the outside of which projections beta, corresponding to the cavities alpha of the stator lamination, are formed. The correspondence between the trapezoid sections is designed so that the cooperation of the two units determines a transmission of a balanced and centered rotary motion to the rotation shaft.

Figure 8 shows, as a non-limiting example, a partially sectional view of a generator, to highlight its modular construction: in fact, the stator cores are four distinct units, whereas the rotor 41 is a single element and is firmly connected with the blade sets 42, 43.

As shown in Figure 8, the blade sets, as a non-limiting example, are made, by means of an innovative process, of a carbon fiber fabric with epoxy resin, so that they have a very small inertia and at the same time maintain the required mechanical strength. Said blade sets 42, 43, characterized by a small inertia and a large number of "blades", are able to capture even the small amount of energy that is available when the speed of the "driving" flow, e.g. air, is just slightly over 0.5 m/sec.

The stator plurality, clearly shown in Figure 8, represents a rational solution under many aspects:

it allows achieving the conditions for a reduction of the static torque, whichever is the configuration of the stator projections and the number of magnets in the rotor. The individual modules can be easily positioned according to the proper offset angle which has to be ensured between the modules.

- it allows an efficient industrialization, ensuring production and quality level consistency.

it allows carrying out the rotation speed control in an extremely flexible, economic and reliable manner. When exploiting valuable sources, which however are subjected to large fluctuations of the "driving flow", it is necessary to have a safety device capable of avoiding a damage or crash of the unit itself, which may be caused by an excessive speed of the flow. Thanks to the plurality of modules producing energy, the energy of one or more modules can be readily shunted so as to power one or more other generator modules, thus obtaining an effective frictionless braking system. The systems is extremely advantageous because the output is forcedly limited, also for protecting the electronic units form unpredictable overloads, but in any case the energy delivery to the user continues.

it allows a flexible and economic adaptability to various conditions and features of the available source.

According to the invention, the maximum economic and performance efficiency of the generator is also connected with the adoption of some construction and process expedients, hereinafter described.

The ferromagnetic laminations with low thickness and low hysteresis are obtained from a bare sheet, i.e. without a surface insulation. It is thus possible to use a material having a high grade and enhanced physical properties (low losses) at a lower cost compared to that of a conventional material, of inferior quality but insulated. The advantage is also transferred to the manufacturing process of the same laminations, which turns out to be even more economic, since the absence of the inorganic insulating material reduces the servicing interventions and greatly increases the life of the production devices and machinery. The so obtained laminations may further be subjected to a stress relieving heat-treating. This allows obtaining an increase of the electromagnetic efficiency, which is extremely valuable in a number of applications.

The laminated stator cores are made, using systems which can be automated, by placing individual laminations in a special heated container containing epoxy resin. Once the deposition is terminated, pressing, subsequent draining of the excess resin and curing of the resin by means of a suitable temperature increase are carried out. Finally, a laminated core tightly assembled and having an optimal electrical insulation of the stator slots and of the individual laminations is obtained. Despite an excellent electric insulation, the laminated core so formed has an "iron" amount which is greater than in any other system, thus optimizing the magnetization and further increasing the efficiency, thanks also to the total absence of the common magnetic short-circuit which is often present due to the methods used for fastening the laminations, typically involving (TIG) welding or steel tie rods.

Also the rotor core is formed, using systems which can be automated, following a process similar to that used for the stators, employing also the same kind of resin, but, once the deposition on the laminations is terminated, the "NdFeB" sintered permanent magnets and the associated shaft (usually having a tubular shape and made of carbon fibers) are also inserted. The process is crucial for ensuring the correct radial positioning of the individual magnets, thus producing the desired reduction of the static torque. The rotor so formed has a high efficiency and a low, or in any case competitive, cost, even if it is made of high grade materials, thus allowing the achievement of the crucial physical features required to increase the efficiency to outstanding levels.

The rotor may also be made of a non-ferrous material, as a non-limiting example an extruded aluminum alloy or a carbon fiber composite, in a single piece comprising the shaft. The efficiency, despite being lower than with ferromagnetic steel laminations, will still be adequate, and the cost will be considerably more competitive.

Using systems which can be automated, coils made of an insulated copper wire or suitably shaped and insulated copper conducting rods, forming the winding according to the selected scheme, are inserted in the individual stator modules. Subsequently, using systems which can be automated, prefabricated rings made of copper and epoxy resin are inserted, and then, by means of argon arc welding, the connection according to the scheme is created. This process, which is reliable and does not produce wastes, rationalizes the critical operation, avoids mistakes and make the control of the process easier. Subsequently, the individual stators are incorporated in a filled epoxy resin for an optimal electric insulation of the stator, at the same ensuring a complete impermeabilization, both at temperatures lower than -50°C and a the temperature of +155°C. The stators made in this way can operate also totally immersed in seawater, without any adverse effect.

The air gap between stator and rotor, thanks to the already mentioned processes regarding the stator and the rotor, can be very small, as a non-limiting example 0,15 ÷ 0,3 mm in the radial direction. These values are selected for achieving a high efficiency.

For some applications in particularly corrosive environments, the iron surface of the stator hole, which is exposed to such attack, will be protected by a nano- deposition formed by means of physical deposition through a vacuum process similar to "sputtering". As shown in Figure 9, the cathodic pulverization (sputtering) is a process whereby atoms, ions or molecular fragments are emitted from a solid material called target, which is bombarded with a beam of energetic particles (usually ions). In Figure 9 an ion 91 is indicated which collides with a target particle 92, in presence of electrons 93 associated with a magnetic field 97, generated above the target layer 95, in the negatively charged electrode 98, for generating a coating 97 on a substrate 96.

Figures 10A and 10B show, as a non-limiting example, a possible support 55, adapted to house a generator, provided with a suitable "gyroscopic" device, i.e. a device able to rotate about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis. The system, suitably motor-driven and actuated by means of a dedicated electronic circuit and suitable sensors, will automatically assume a position so that the rotation axis of the generator is oriented parallel to the flow of the streaming air. Such a device greatly improves the efficiency and can be very easily installed, like a common household appliance, by inserting a common plug in a common electrical socket, on a balcony, a patio or in a field.

In Figure 10b the section containing the adjustment and control electronics is indicated at 51 , the supports for horizontal rotation are indicated at 52 and 53, while the actual generator seat is indicated at 54.

Advantages and industrial applicability of the invention

The devices made according to the basic principles of the present invention, fully belong to the fields of power generation from renewable sources, energy saving and environment preservation.

The system is versatile, being adaptable to many different needs in any country, but also very efficient, because the energy which is lost is very small, if not zero. The modular construction, conceived strictly according the principles of ecodesign, makes the adaptation to the kind of fluid and to the actual operating conditions easier, also allowing excellent results as far as the production costs are concerned.

In practice, the low production costs are an important indication of the saving of energy and materials (some of them being Earth's non-renewable resources).

The construction concepts, always according to the principles of the invention, allow both very small units and large power units to be economically produced. The environment preservation requires in any case a decentralized energy production, both for saving kilometers of expensive copper conductors for energy transfer, and for eliminating, at least gradually, the harmful electromagnetic fields produced by the high-voltage lines.

The simple construction of the generator, together with its performance features and the ability to operate in many different and extreme conditions, make a wide range of applications possible:

integrated in street lights;

inside road or railway tunnels;

in houses, on a balcony, on a patio, on the roof, or in the garden;

in fields;

in houses in the mountains or in any case in areas not served by the electric grid;

on factory roofs;

under slow or fast trains, for capturing the energy deriving from the flow generated between the bottom of the train and the ground;

on boats and ships;

in watercourses, seas or lakes where non-occasional currents are present; in wastewater or in sewage systems.

Claims

1. Kinetic electricity generator device characterized in that it consists of a rotor/stator system comprising:

i - laminated stator cores (31) with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations; ii - a containment casing (32) for one or a plurality of stator modules (31 );

iii - copper coils (33) for winding each stator projection;

iv - internal connections (34) between individual coils and between groups of coils of the same phase, F1 , F2, F3 ... Fn;

v - flexible and/or rigid wire conductors (35) for bringing out of each individual stator module the phases delivering the electrical energy;

vi - laminated rotor cores (37) with low-hysteresis ferromagnetic laminations;

vii - N/S (38) and S/N (39) permanent magnets;

said device being configurable in real time by switching, during its operation, between a plurality of different wiring schemes of the stator windings (33), in combination with a plurality of different positions of the rotor (41) and of the associated blade sets (42, 43), depending on the size, the kind of fluid and the contingent features of the fluid used as energy source, for taking in account frequent and unpredictable speed fluctuations in the "driving" flow.

2. Kinetic electricity generator device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it operates with a first (a) and a second (b) possible wiring schemes for connecting the stator windings, wherein it is possible to switch in real time from the first scheme to the second and vice versa, and wherein for the four operating phases F1 , F2, F3, F4, respectively the first configuration (a) has eight output terminals and four rectifier diode bridges, and the second configuration (b) has four output terminals F1 b, F2b, F3b, F4b and two rectifier diode bridges,

I - the first configuration (a), with eight output terminals F1 a-F2a-F3a-F4a-F a'- F2a'-F3a' and F4a' being easily adaptable to different rotation speeds of the generator by means of a short-circuit of the terminals, F1 a'-F2a'-F3a' and F4a', and a switching which swaps F1 a' with F2a, and F3a' with F4a, when the rotation speed of the generator is very low, activating

II - the second configuration (b), with four output terminals which doubles the voltage across the terminals F1b ÷ F2b and F3b ÷ F4b and operates with two, four rectifier diode bridges, suitable for less significant flow speed differences, from this condition rising the voltage value to exactly twice the value corresponding to the scheme with eight terminals and thus noticeably reducing the AC conversion losses by halving the number of rectifier diode bridges and by the operating condition in which the associated minimum voltage threshold is exceeded,

the reversion to the configuration of the first wiring scheme (a) with eight terminals and four rectifier diode bridges occurring when the rotation speed of the generator is high enough, relative to the actual limitation in the operating voltage.

3. Kinetic electricity generator device according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that the reduction of the static torque is obtained configuring and arranging the ferromagnetic laminations of the stator (31), formed by one or more laminated cores, so that the iron surfaces, although they have a plurality of projections alternated with as many gaps, are continuous, avoiding any preferential angular positioning of the rotor relative to the stator, and generating a virtually zero static torque.

4. Kinetic electricity generator device according to the previous claim, characterized in that, taking into account the unavoidable radial positioning errors of the permanent magnets inserted in the rotor slots and the strength difference between each individual magnet, the static torque remains below a limit value of 0,04 ÷ 0,08 Nm.

5. Kinetic electricity generator device according to any one of the previous claim, characterized in that the stator laminations are configured with 24 projections (5) and a rotor (6) is configured with 28 slots for the insertion of 14 pairs of permanent N/S and S/N magnets.

6. Kinetic electricity generator device according to any one of the previous claims, characterized by being configured with 24 stator slots and 24 rotor slots with an alternation of a N/S permanent magnet followed by a S/N permanent magnet, so as to operate with windings delivering a three-phase AC.

7. Kinetic electricity generator device according to any one of the previous claims, characterized by being configured with 24 stator slots and 24 rotor slots with an alternation of 3 N/S permanent magnets followed by 3 S/N permanent magnets, for delivering a three-phase AC.

8. Kinetic electricity generator device according to any one of the previous claims, characterized by comprising:

A - a generator unit comprising a stator (41), arranged inside the respective casing (32), and a rotor (6) mounted on the respective shaft;

B - a blade set (42) with connection elements for the connection to the shaft which allows the rotation;

C - a possible second blade set (43), identical or similar to the blade set (42) with connection elements for the connection with the shaft and allowing the rotation; D - a support and housing (32).

9. Kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising a support (55), adapted to support the generator, provided with a "gyroscopic" device, able to rotate about a vertical axis (52) and a horizontal axis (53), with a motor-driven device actuated by means of a dedicated electronic circuit and associated sensors, said "gyroscopic" device determining a position so that the rotation axis of the generator is oriented parallel to the flow of the streaming air.

10. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claim 1 , characterized in that, after the formation of the individual stator sections, these are incorporated in a filled epoxy resin for an optimal electric insulation of the stator, ensuring a complete impermeabilization, both at low and at high temperatures, and in that the rotor core (37) if formed so that, after the deposition of a resin on the laminations (37), the insertion of the sintered permanent magnets and of the associated shaft is carried out, thus ensuring the correct radial positioning of the individual magnets (38, 39), compensating geometry defects of the magnets themselves and reducing the related static torque in the operating conditions.

11. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claim 10, characterized in that the rotor is made of a non-ferrous material, such as an extruded aluminum alloy or a carbon fiber composite, in a single piece comprising the shaft.

12. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 10 and 11 , characterized in that the laminated stator cores (31) are made by placing individual laminations in a special heated container containing epoxy resin, performing a deposition by means of pressing and subsequent draining of the excess resin, and curing the resin by means of a suitable temperature increase, thus obtaining a laminated core which is tightly assembled and has an optimal electrical insulation of the stator slots and of the individual laminations.

13. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, in the individual stator modules (31), coils made of insulated copper wire or shaped and insulated copper conducting rods, forming the winding according to the selected scheme, are inserted, subsequently prefabricated rings made of copper and epoxy resin are inserted, and then, by means of argon arc welding, the connection according to the design wiring scheme is created.

14. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 10 to 13, characterized by forming an air gap between stator and rotor of a very small size in the range 0, 5 ÷ 0,3 mm.

15. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the ferromagnetic laminations with low thickness and low hysteresis are obtained from a bare sheet, without surface insulation, said laminations being exposed to a direct stress relieving heat-treating for increasing the electromagnetic efficiency.

16. Process for manufacturing a kinetic electricity generator device according to claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the iron surface of the stator hole, being subjected to severe attack in case of use in corrosive environments, is protected by a nano-deposition formed by means of physical deposition through a sputtering vacuum process.