WO2013170361A1 - Système à canaux de croissance d'organismes vivants - Google Patents

Système à canaux de croissance d'organismes vivants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013170361A1
WO2013170361A1 PCT/CA2013/000482 CA2013000482W WO2013170361A1 WO 2013170361 A1 WO2013170361 A1 WO 2013170361A1 CA 2013000482 W CA2013000482 W CA 2013000482W WO 2013170361 A1 WO2013170361 A1 WO 2013170361A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
gas
growth
channel structure
channels
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2013/000482
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2013170361A4 (fr
Inventor
James BAMBARA
Justin MOODY-CORBETT
Original Assignee
Veravenir, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Veravenir, Inc. filed Critical Veravenir, Inc.
Publication of WO2013170361A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013170361A1/fr
Publication of WO2013170361A4 publication Critical patent/WO2013170361A4/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of agriculture and, more particularly, to a method of arranging flexible materials to form a channel structure through which a gas is delivered under positive pressure.
  • the channel structure is suitable for growing living organisms such as plants, microorganisms, insects and small animals.
  • the proposed channel structure is configured so to provide support and conduits for materials such as liquids, solids and gases.
  • the channels allow for living organisms to receive increased nutritional requirements.
  • Microorganisms may perform aerobic (rely on oxygen) or anaerobic respiration (rely on organic compounds, nitrate, sulfate, etc.). Growth is achieved if adequate energy (light, organic and inorganic compounds) is provided and nutrients are supplied by means of gas (carbon dioxide), micro and macronutrients and liquid (water) to the area in which the organisms are situated.
  • gas carbon dioxide
  • micro and macronutrients and liquid (water)
  • Hydroponic agriculture does not involve soil; instead nutrients are supplied via nutrient rich liquid to the roots of the plants, which may be supported in a soilless medium such as stones. Hydroponic agriculture has been well accepted as an advantageous method of growing plants in terms of water usage and crop production efficiency when compared to traditional techniques.
  • a container of some sort is used to house the medium in which the plants and roots are supported and fed.
  • Existing hydroponic systems typically consist of rigid containers made of plastic (growth channels). These structures support plants and provide a pathway for nutrient to be delivered to the roots. Growth channels provide structural support and provide a pathway for nutrient delivery to the plants.
  • Additional items such as lights, ventilation fans, water pumps, carbon dioxide generators, controls, and piping may also be required for successful plant growth. These items are usually combined inside a controlled environment such as a greenhouse to isolate the plants from the external environment. Many of the aforementioned items are expensive, large in size and require skilled laborers to configure properly.
  • a channel structure whereby at least one gas channel and at least one growth channel are configured together so as to form an area suitable for growing living organisms.
  • a kit for erecting a channel structure comprising at least two gas channels, one growth channel, channel endings and, a gas and nutrient delivery system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an enclosed growth channel (gas channel delivers gas to growth channel);
  • FIGs. 2a and 2b show schematic representations of examples of uses for the single gas and growth channel combination, namely algae growth (Fig. 2a) and biofiltration (Fig. 2b);
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the growth zone, comprising root and foliage zones
  • FIGs. 4a and 4b show schematic perspective representations of openings inside a cylindrical growth channel (Fig. 4a), while the growth channel may be fully open to the exterior environment, e.g. with an optional removable cover (Fig. 4b);
  • Figs. 5a, 5b and 5c are schematic representations showing the gas channel delivering a gas mixture to the root zone (Fig. 5a), the foliage zone (Fig. 5b) or both (Fig. 5c);
  • FIGs. 6a, 6b and 6c are schematic representations showing an evolution of the structurally supported growth channel
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the root zone being opened to the surrounding environment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of an increased root zone area for providing more space for living organisms to grow
  • Figs. 9a and 9b show schematic representations of symmetrical gas delivery to the root (Fig. 9a) and foliage (Fig. 9b) zones;
  • Figs. 10a, 10b and 10c are schematic representations showing separate gas delivery to the root zone and foliage zone, where one gas channel delivers a gas to the foliage zone and the other to root zone (Fig. 10a), where symmetrical gas delivery uses stacked gas channels (Fig. 10b), and where the gas channels feeding the root zone in Fig. 10c are not structural;
  • Figs. 11a, 11b and 11c are schematic representations showing that a single apparatus may include two or more growth channels by: providing three or more gas channels in a row (Fig. 11a); stacking of the apparatus (Fig. 11b); and subdividing the growth channel into two or more sections, where the contents are supported by the adjacent gas channels (Fig. 11c);
  • Figs. 12a, 12b and 12c are schematic representations showing that the positive pressure from the gas channel(s) provides support for a roof (Fig 12a); that a stacked apparatus may provide separate gas delivery to the root and foliage zones while supporting a roof (Fig. 12b); and that the combined positive pressure from multiple apparatuses can support a shared roof (Fig. 12c);
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of a channel structure constructed from three tubes of flexible materials
  • Fig. 14 is an exploded view of a channel structure
  • Fig. 15 is an exploded view of an exemplary combination for the endings of the channel structure.
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view of an assembled kit containing three channel structures connected to a centralized control system.
  • [0035] i. structural support for the contents of the growth channel such as plant root protection and structural support.
  • Examples include rigid members such as pots and trays (European Patent No. EP1658770 A1), flexible members (European Patent No. EP0814649 B1), and inflatable members (European Patent No. EP0027697 A1).
  • gas concentration and control carbon dioxide, oxygen and other gases which are beneficial to the growth processes.
  • devices include carbon dioxide generators, oxygenators, etc.
  • iii water vapor (humidity) control using the movement and dispersal of gases.
  • devices include humidifiers, dehumidifiers.
  • iv. ventilation simulates an outdoor environment and stimulates organism growth. Examples of devices include ventilation fans and blowers.
  • devices include increased plant aeration or dispersal methods of pesticides, fungicides, etc.
  • Examples of devices include water pumps, piping, valves and controls.
  • macronutrient phosphorous, nitrogen, potassium
  • micronutrient iron, cobalt, zinc, vitamins, etc.
  • mixing and delivery for providing nutrients to the living organisms.
  • devices include mixing tanks, pumps, valves, piping and controls.
  • the present inflatable growth channel is built differently and uses a different method of manufacture.
  • European Patent Publication No. 0 027 697-A1 uses two sheets that are welded along their length to form a pair of inflatable gas channels, which support a growth channel in between.
  • the present system uses gas channels that are, in contrast, not an integral part of the inflatable structure (they may be removed).
  • An aspect of the present system is that it creates improved structural integrity (a better channel is created), since the weight of the contents inside the growth channel generates a tensional force along the supporting gas channels, allowing the growth area to maintain a sufficiently rigid shape in both cross-sectional and lengthwise directions (Fig. 13).
  • growth channels use an inflatable design for the purpose of (a) supporting plants; (b) delivering nutrients to the roots and; (c) providing the option of temperature control (heating/cooling).
  • these systems do not take advantage of using the positive pressure inside the gas channel to provide mass and energy transfer into the growth channel and/or the surrounding environment.
  • the present apparatus takes advantage of the positive pressure inflation to provide multiple features that enhance the design of growth channel(s), e.g. as follows:
  • this inflatable design creates a plant support and nutrient delivery structure.
  • this inflatable design allows temperature control to the contents of the growth chamber.
  • this inflatable design enables temperature control to the environment surrounding the growth channel by means of mass and energy transfer through the gas channel.
  • the inflatable design enables homogenous gas ventilation to the contents within (plant roots) and around (plant foliage) the growth channel(s) by means of perforations in the gas channel(s).
  • 6- positive pressure in the gas channel(s) may be used to support a roof structure, which isolates parts of the growth chamber from the surrounding environment.
  • Ventilation design is a major concern for plants grown in a controlled environment (greenhouse, indoors). Plants grow under light by absorbing the carbon atom from atmospheric carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen in the process. If a constant supply of carbon dioxide is not provided, growth is not possible. Therefore, it is important to provide sufficient ventilation and air movement around the plants to carry away the oxygen while bringing new supplies of carbon dioxide. The efficiency at which plants receive the new air is greatly dictated by the plant spacing and ventilation system design (airflow direction and velocity).
  • the present inflatable channel structure delivers ventilated air to each plant from the floor up. Another advantage of such ventilation is a reduced susceptibility to pests who tend to favor stagnant air conditions.
  • the present inflatable growth channel design creates a supported channel structure, its use is not restricted to one particular type of agriculture technique, and it is thus suitable for conventional soil, hydroponics, aeroponics, etc.
  • the inflatable design inherently provides floating capabilities, which is well suited for aquaponic agriculture (channel floats on top of water tanks containing fish).
  • the present system thus provides an apparatus suitable for growing living organisms such as plants (vegetables, algae, etc.), microorganisms (protozoa, bacteria, fungi, etc.), insects, worms, fly larvae, animals (snails, fish, etc.).
  • living organisms such as plants (vegetables, algae, etc.), microorganisms (protozoa, bacteria, fungi, etc.), insects, worms, fly larvae, animals (snails, fish, etc.).
  • At least one growth channel 12 are configured together so as to form an area suitable for growing living organisms.
  • the area where living organisms are situated so as to be grown is hereby referred to as the growth channel 12 (troughs, rows, canals, chambers, conduits, are linear forms of growth channels).
  • the growth channel 12 may include all parts of the organisms (the roots, stems and foliage).
  • An input and generally an output are provided through the growth channel 12 to allow liquids, solids or gases to promote life and growth.
  • the area where a gas is transported and delivered to the growth channel 12 is hereby referred to as the gas channel 10.
  • the gas channel 10 is maintained under positive pressure to provide (a) structural support for the growth channel 12 and (b) enable transfer of gas into the growth channel 12.
  • the gas channel 10 may be used to provide control of temperature, humidity and gas concentration to the growth channel 12 and/or the surrounding environment.
  • the present system provides a channel suitable for the growth of the aforementioned organisms.
  • the apparatus is capable of providing:
  • the proposed channel structure S is suitable for the growth of:
  • photosynthetic organisms such as algae, whose cultivation can be enclosed in the growth channel 12 (Fig. 2), and plants, whose roots may be contained in the growth channel 12 and separately controlled from the foliage, which grows in the surrounding environment (Fig. 3). Plant roots may receive a liquid nutrient in total darkness while the leaves receive a gaseous nutrient in full sunlight.
  • Fig. 2 a liquid nutrient in total darkness while the leaves receive a gaseous nutrient in full sunlight.
  • 2- microorganisms for the purpose of microbial bioremediation such as bio-filtration, where contaminants in the air and humidity (water vapor) are uniformly delivered from the gas channel 10 to the growth chamber 12 (Fig. 2) or for suspended and attached growth biological water treatment, where the required oxygen is delivered to the growth channel 12 via the gas channel 10.
  • microbial bioremediation such as bio-filtration, where contaminants in the air and humidity (water vapor) are uniformly delivered from the gas channel 10 to the growth chamber 12 (Fig. 2) or for suspended and attached growth biological water treatment, where the required oxygen is delivered to the growth channel 12 via the gas channel 10.
  • 3- animals such as fish for aquaculture or worms for vermicomposting applications. Oxygen and humidity (water) would typically be delivered from the gas delivery channel 10 to the growth channel 12.
  • the system can also be embodied in the form of a kit for erecting the channel structure S, including at least two gas channels 10, one growth channel 12, gas channel endings 14, a growth channel ending 16, and a gas and nutrient delivery system (Fig. 16).
  • one growth channel 12 and one gas channel 10 are created from flexible materials (such as polyethylene film), which may be welded, formed or adjoined along a common linear and parallel path. Connected in such a way as to be mutually supportive of one another.
  • flexible materials such as polyethylene film
  • the two channels 10 and 12 may be formed from a single cylindrical tube (for example: polyethylene film) where a single weld is placed along its length and between its edges, forming two separate, parallel and linear sections.
  • a single cylindrical tube for example: polyethylene film
  • a flat sheet may be welded to form a cylindrical tube.
  • Two cylindrical tubes may be held together along their common length, forming two separate, parallel and linear sections.
  • c. gases, liquids, solids and living organisms are to be supported and grown in one of the linear sections (i.e. the growth channel 12).
  • gas may travel from the gas channel 10 (by means of positive pressure gas ventilation through perforations) into the growth channel 12.
  • the gas channel 10 provides structural support and facilitates the transfer of mass and energy to and from the growth channel 12. Due to their mutually supportive relationship one would not exist without the other.
  • the positive pressure within the gas channel 10 provides a large surface area for homogeneous mass and energy transfer into the growth channel 12 and therefore is responsible for its existence and functionality.
  • FIG. 4a With reference to Figs. 4a and 4b, when the contents of the growth channel 12 extend into the surrounding environment, openings 20 inside the growth channel are provided.
  • the growth channel 12 is open ended and is provided with a removable cover 26, which typically defines openings (not shown) such as the openings 20 of Fig. 4a.
  • the gas channel 10 may use positive pressure to deliver a gas to the root zone 22 (Fig. 5a), to the foliage zone 24 (Fig. 5b) or both (Fig. 5c). Note that both growth zones 22 and 24 receive the same gas mixture from the single gas chamber 10.
  • multiple gas delivery channels 10 may provide:
  • FIG. 6a shows how two gas channels 0 provide symmetrical support for the growth zone.
  • FIG. 6b shows how the contents of the growth zone are freely supported by the edges of the pressurized gas channels 10.
  • FIG. 6c shows how the contents of the growth zone can be supported by the upper portion of the gas channels 10, for increased structural integrity and improved shape of the growth channel 12.
  • Multiple gas delivery channels 10 may operate independently from one another thereby individually regulating the temperature, humidity and gas concentrations of the various growth zones 22 and 24.
  • each growth channel 12 may be configured so as to be in isolation of each other or connected in some way.
  • Figs. 12a, 12b and 12c show the further use of the positive pressure from the gas channels 10, where the positive pressure being ventilated from the gas channel(s) 10 may be used to support a roof or cover-like structure 28 and provide additional protection to the growth zone(s).
  • certain of the aforementioned channel structure configurations may exclude ventilation, whereby the gas channels 10 do not provide gas ventilation to the living organisms but a channel structure to support them is created, forming an inflatable channel structure only.
  • Pressure can be maintained using pressurized canister, standard air pumps, etc.
  • the inflatable channel structure formed may be suitable for liquid, solid or gas containment and transport along its linearity.
  • the growth channel can be ideally configured using three tubes made of flexible materials.
  • the gas channel tubes 30 are contained within the growth channel tube 32. When inflated, the weights of the contents within the growth channel 32 create a tensional force along the supporting gas channels 30.
  • Drainage of the growth channel 12/32 may be controlled, for instance, by a slope in the sub-surface (e.g. the terrain or other that support the apparatus) or by creating a slope in the gas channel itself.
  • a slope in the sub-surface e.g. the terrain or other that support the apparatus
  • One method to achieve this is to gradually reduce the width of the growth channel material along the length of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 14 shows a proposed configuration, where the gas channels
  • the weight of the growth channel 12 is distributed along the length of the gas channels 10.
  • endings may be located at either or both extremities of the apparatus and may be used to contain gases, liquids or solids and any combination thereof.
  • a possible combination of endings is illustrated in Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates a bottom sheet 34, as well as the openings 20 defined in the cover 26, which allow the plants to extend through the cover 26.
  • the cover 26 can be removable or fixed.
  • Gas ventilation perforations 18 are defined in each of the gas channels 10, for instance to ventilate the contents within (plant roots) and around (plant foliage) the growth channel 12. These perforations 18 can also be used, as previously mentioned with reference to Figs. 12a, 12b and 12c, for supporting the roof 28.
  • the proposed channel structure is ideal for growing living organisms such as plants, microorganisms, insects and animals under specific conditions using a centralized HVAC control system.
  • several apparatuses may be configured together to form a kit (Fig. 16).
  • gas channel endings 14 are sealed to the downstream ends of the gas channels 10, whereas gas inlet endings 36, e.g. in the form of manifolds, are provided at the upstream ends of the gas channels 10.
  • a central HVAC system 38 provides the required gas flow to the gas channels via a main pipe 40 onto which are connected a series of manifolds 36 such as to provide an inlet gas flow 42 to the individual gas channels 10.
  • the main pipe 40 may be made of distinct pipe sections 40a (or connectors) connecting the HVAC system 38 to the first manifold 36 and then the manifolds 36 in succession to one another.
  • An outlet gas flow is identified by reference 44.
  • Integrated gas ventilation - provides the option of delivering a gas for ventilation of the contents within the growth channel (roots) and/or the surrounding environment (plant foliage). Useful for oxygen or carbon dioxide delivery, humidity control, etc.
  • Integrated heating and cooling capabilities provides the option of heating and cooling to the contents within the growth channel (roots) and/or the surrounding environment (plant foliage).
  • HVAC Centralized Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
  • control - the conditions within the growth channel 12 and/or surrounding environment can be controlled and delivered from a single location.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure de canaux comprenant au moins un canal de gaz et un canal de croissance, ledit canal de croissance et ledit canal de gaz étant conçus conjointement de façon à former une structure de canaux appropriée pour la croissance d'organismes vivants. Selon l'invention, des ouvertures sont définies dans le canal de croissance dans le but de recevoir un contenant de plante de sorte que les racines qui y sont contenues s'étendent dans le canal de croissance et que le feuillage de la plante s'étende dans un environnement d'entourage. Le canal de gaz est conçu pour délivrer un gaz dans au moins l'un des canaux de croissance et dans l'environnement d'entourage, pour fournir du gaz respectivement à la zone de racine et à la zone de feuillage. L'invention a également trait à un système de délivrance de gaz et de matière nutritive. Le système peut avoir la forme d'un kit destiné à ériger une structure de canaux, lequel comprend au moins deux canaux de gaz, un canal de croissance, des terminaisons et le système de délivrance de gaz et de matière nutritive.
PCT/CA2013/000482 2012-05-17 2013-05-17 Système à canaux de croissance d'organismes vivants WO2013170361A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261648287P 2012-05-17 2012-05-17
US61/648,287 2012-05-17
CAPCT/CA2013/000286 2013-04-02
CA2013000286 2013-04-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013170361A1 true WO2013170361A1 (fr) 2013-11-21
WO2013170361A4 WO2013170361A4 (fr) 2014-01-09

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2020665B1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-02 Van Der Hoeven Horticultural Projects B V Air distribution conduit
WO2019185503A1 (fr) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-03 Van Der Hoeven Horticultural Projects B.V. Conduite de distribution d'air
RU2779117C2 (ru) * 2016-02-26 2022-08-31 Ред Си Фармз Лимитед Гибкий контейнер для гидропонного выращивания растений
GB2607019A (en) * 2021-05-21 2022-11-30 Agriculture Investments Ltd Vertical farming apparatus and a method of vertical farming
US11632915B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2023-04-25 Pipp Mobile Storage Systems, Inc. System for providing circulating air for a vertical gardening system
US11641810B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2023-05-09 Pipp Mobile Storage Systems, Inc. System for providing circulating air for a vertical gardening system

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0027697A1 (fr) * 1979-10-19 1981-04-29 Dunlop Limited Structure de canaux et procédé pour la culture de plantes
US4669217A (en) * 1984-11-17 1987-06-02 Aeroponics, Associates-1983 Ltd. Plant propagation system and apparatus
JP2010015479A (ja) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Nakai Meihan Kk 展示見本品台座

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0027697A1 (fr) * 1979-10-19 1981-04-29 Dunlop Limited Structure de canaux et procédé pour la culture de plantes
US4669217A (en) * 1984-11-17 1987-06-02 Aeroponics, Associates-1983 Ltd. Plant propagation system and apparatus
JP2010015479A (ja) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Nakai Meihan Kk 展示見本品台座

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2779117C2 (ru) * 2016-02-26 2022-08-31 Ред Си Фармз Лимитед Гибкий контейнер для гидропонного выращивания растений
US11632915B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2023-04-25 Pipp Mobile Storage Systems, Inc. System for providing circulating air for a vertical gardening system
US11641810B2 (en) 2017-08-24 2023-05-09 Pipp Mobile Storage Systems, Inc. System for providing circulating air for a vertical gardening system
NL2020665B1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-02 Van Der Hoeven Horticultural Projects B V Air distribution conduit
WO2019185503A1 (fr) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-03 Van Der Hoeven Horticultural Projects B.V. Conduite de distribution d'air
CN112004408A (zh) * 2018-03-26 2020-11-27 梵德霍文园艺项目有限公司 空气分配导管
CN112004408B (zh) * 2018-03-26 2022-11-22 梵德霍文园艺项目有限公司 空气分配导管
US11985928B2 (en) 2018-03-26 2024-05-21 Van Der Hoeven Horticultural Projects B.V. Air distribution conduit
GB2607019A (en) * 2021-05-21 2022-11-30 Agriculture Investments Ltd Vertical farming apparatus and a method of vertical farming

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