WO2013163786A1 - Fracturing pump - Google Patents

Fracturing pump Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013163786A1
WO2013163786A1 PCT/CN2012/074945 CN2012074945W WO2013163786A1 WO 2013163786 A1 WO2013163786 A1 WO 2013163786A1 CN 2012074945 W CN2012074945 W CN 2012074945W WO 2013163786 A1 WO2013163786 A1 WO 2013163786A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
motor
fracturing pump
fracturing
cooling device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074945
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张弭
唐平
王信军
王江阳
陈涛
张斌
谢梅英
赵永灿
Original Assignee
四川宏华石油设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 filed Critical 四川宏华石油设备有限公司
Priority to CN201280072274.0A priority Critical patent/CN104204521A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/074945 priority patent/WO2013163786A1/en
Priority to US14/397,674 priority patent/US20150078924A1/en
Publication of WO2013163786A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013163786A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
    • F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F04C29/045—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation of the electric motor in hermetic pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of oil field fracturing construction equipment, in particular to a fracturing pump.
  • the reservoir production and transformation technology ie acid fracturing technology
  • Fracturing unit equipment is the key equipment to implement this process technology, and the fracturing pump truck is an indispensable core equipment in this key equipment, and its importance can be seen.
  • the main models used at home and abroad are 2000 hp to 2500 hp fracturing pumps.
  • the fracturing pump trucks used today have a common transmission structure, that is, the fracturing pumps are all driven by the diesel engine on the platform through the gearbox.
  • the output displacement and pressure change of the fracturing pump are realized by controlling the combination of the speed of the diesel engine and the gear shift.
  • the mechanical structure transmission mode the load capacity of the chassis and the road and bridge capacity
  • the single machine power of the fracturing pump is difficult to be improved; in the case of large hydraulic fracturing operations, in order to meet the construction displacement requirements, The number of fracturing pump trucks required is large, which makes the site construction area larger and larger, the manifold layout is more complicated, the preliminary preparation work cycle is long, and the cost is high; and the fracturing operation control is more and more difficult, and its existence
  • the problems such as low control precision and sensitivity of response speed are becoming more and more prominent, and the safety hazard at work is large.
  • Fracturing unit systems commonly used at home and abroad mainly by engine, hydraulic transmission box, transmission, horizontal five-cylinder fracturing pump, suction manifold, discharge manifold, safety system, fuel system, power end system, etc.
  • the starter oil pump is activated by the power of the chassis, the oil pump drives the starter motor of the engine of the platform, and the engine of the platform is started.
  • the power generated by the engine of the platform is transmitted to the power end of the large pump through the hydraulic transmission box and the transmission shaft. Drive the fracturing pump to work.
  • the transmission scheme has defects: firstly, the fracturing unit has a complicated transmission structure and takes up a large space; secondly, there are many pieces of equipment that need regular inspection, and the maintenance cost is high; and, due to the hydraulic transmission box, the fracturing pump Speed, torque and other control accuracy is not high.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a fracturing pump with large single machine power, large working displacement, small floor space, and high control precision for speed and torque of a fracturing vehicle. .
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a fracturing pump comprising a cooling device and a control device, the fracturing pump having an electric motor coupled to the shaft, the cooling device comprising an air cooling device for cooling the rotor of the electric motor, and a water cooling device for cooling the stator of the electric motor;
  • the control device is coupled to the electric motor and the cooling device, respectively.
  • the fracturing pumps are two and the cooling device is mounted between two fracturing pumps.
  • control system of the electric motor is medium voltage numerical control frequency conversion control.
  • the fracturing pump is mounted with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, the inverter of the motor are connected to the PLC controller through a field bus cable, and the PLC controller is connected to the man-machine input. Device.
  • the field bus is a Profibus field bus.
  • a monitoring device is connected to the communication interface of the Profibus field bus, and the communication interface of the monitoring device and the Profibus field bus is remotely connected via Ethernet, and the distributed I/O device communicating with the PLC controller of the control layer is transmitted to the instrument vehicle.
  • the programmable controller communicates with the monitoring layer via a field bus.
  • the human input device is an industrial touch screen.
  • the air-cooling device includes a fan, and an air outlet of the fan is connected to the inside of the motor, and a radial fan is further mounted on the motor housing, and the radial fan is externally outward of the motor Take out the air.
  • the water-cooling device comprises a water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected to a water jacket outside the motor, the water jacket has an S-shaped passage inside, and the water jacket of the water jacket A radiator is connected, and a water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water tank.
  • the water jacket is further provided with a drain port.
  • the fracturing pump of the invention adopts the structure of direct drive of the motor, the transmission structure form of the conventional fracturing pump diesel engine and the transmission box is broken, so that the structure of the entire fracturing pump is simple, and the equipment installed on the fracturing truck is small, and the device The failure rate is reduced and the use is safer and more reliable.
  • the fracturing pump of the invention has large power and large displacement, one car, one pump or one car and two pumps can be realized, the floor space during the fracturing operation is greatly reduced, and the fracturing pump is greatly reduced.
  • the connection pipeline between the two places, the layout of the fracturing pipe at the site is more concise, the advantages of large-scale application are outstanding, and it meets the requirements of modern green environmental protection.
  • the cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention comprises an air cooling device and a water cooling device
  • a part of the heat generated by the motor during operation is forced to be taken away by the air cooling device, and another part of the circulating water formed by the water cooling device passes through the motor water jacket.
  • the cooling air enters the fan through the air inlet of the air-cooling device of the motor, and the high-pressure cooling air is formed by the centrifugal force of the fan, and then enters the inside of the motor, taking away the heat generated by the motor core, and the fan rotates to generate centrifugal force.
  • the low pressure zone is formed at the fan to accelerate the flow of air inside the motor, so that heat is discharged through the air outlet to achieve heat dissipation.
  • the cooling water of the motor water cooling device is pressurized by the water pump and enters the motor water jacket through the water inlet.
  • the cooling water passes through the S-shaped channel of the motor water jacket (the S-shaped channel increases the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation is better and more uniform), and the motor water jacket is taken away.
  • the heat of the inner surface enables heat dissipation.
  • the cooling water After passing through the S-shaped water flow channel, the cooling water flows out of the motor through the water outlet, and the cooling water with the heat temperature rises is lowered again by the temperature of the radiator, so that the water temperature reaches the temperature at the time of water inlet, and the water is returned to the water tank, and the above process is repeated again.
  • the motor When the motor is not running, drain the water in the motor water jacket through the drain to prevent the motor water jacket from breaking up when the temperature is below zero degrees Celsius.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the control system of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an air-cooling device of a fracturing pump of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a water cooling device of a fracturing pump of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the water cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal water flow of the water jacket of the motor in the water cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
  • a fracturing pump and its associated equipment and control system comprising three fracturing trucks, a sand mixing truck, an instrument vehicle and a control system thereof, the fracturing pump comprising a cooling device and a control device, wherein the fracturing pump shaft
  • An electric motor is connected, and the cooling device includes an air cooling device that cools the rotor of the electric motor, and a water cooling device that cools the stator of the electric motor; the control device is connected to the electric motor and the cooling device, respectively.
  • the control layer uses the Profibus field bus to organically connect the fracturing pump, the sand mixing vehicle and the instrument vehicle to form a stable and easy to expand network environment.
  • the transmission medium adopts shielded twisted pair cable.
  • the system adopts a token ring topology. Each device uses a network access device to connect to the network.
  • the data transmission rate is 1.5. Mb/s.
  • the sensor signal on the fracturing pump is transmitted to the S7-300 PLC of the instrument vehicle through the distributed I/O device, and the S7-300 PLC communicates with the monitoring layer through the field bus.
  • the monitoring layer communicates with the S7-300PLC of the control layer through the fieldbus communication interface, graphically sets and monitors process parameters, stores production history data, and performs real-time data on-site analysis to simulate complex reservoir cracks by means of fracturing simulation software.
  • the expansion and proppant migration optimize the fracturing design to improve fracturing quality and operational efficiency.
  • the monitoring layer includes an industrial control computer, and the monitoring layer communicates with the S7-300 PLC using a Profibus fieldbus communication interface.
  • the monitoring layer communicates with the PLC of the control layer through the Profibus communication interface, and the software platform of the system runs Windows.
  • NT+WINCC configuration software uses graphical means to set and monitor process parameters, store production history data, and perform real-time data on-site analysis. Simulate the expansion of cracks in complex reservoirs and proppant migration by means of fracturing simulation software. Crack construction design to improve the quality of fracturing construction and work efficiency.
  • the remote control and effective processing of data and information can save time and space for equipment maintenance and information acquisition.
  • the sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
  • two fracturing pumps are provided on the fracturing vehicle.
  • the cooling unit is installed between the two fracturing pumps.
  • the cooling device on the fracturing pump includes a motor air cooling device and a motor water cooling device.
  • the motor air-cooling device includes a fan motor 3 and a motor core 4 in the motor.
  • the fan motor 3 is provided with a fan 2 on one side thereof, and an air inlet 1 is also disposed on the fan.
  • a fan 5 is further disposed on the core 4, and an air outlet 6 is further disposed above the fan 5.
  • the working principle of the motor air-cooling device is: the cooling air enters the fan 2 through the air inlet 1, the high-pressure cooling air is formed by the centrifugal force of the fan 2, and then enters the inside of the motor, taking away the heat generated by the motor core 4, and the fan 5 rotates to generate centrifugal force.
  • the low pressure zone is formed at the fan 5 to accelerate the flow of air inside the motor, so that heat is discharged through the air outlet 6 to achieve heat dissipation cooling.
  • the motor water cooling device includes a motor water jacket 7 and a water pump 12 disposed in the motor.
  • the motor water jacket 7 is further provided with a water inlet 8 and a water outlet 9 outside the motor.
  • a radiator 10 is also provided, to which the water tank 11 is connected, and the water tank 11 is connected to the water inlet 8.
  • a drain port 13 is also provided on the motor.
  • the working principle of the motor water cooling device is that the cooling water of the water tank 11 is pressurized by the water pump 12, and enters the motor water jacket 7 through the water inlet 8, as shown in Fig.
  • the cooling water passes through the S-shaped passage of the motor water jacket 7 (S-shaped passage)
  • the heat dissipation channel is added to make the heat dissipation better and more uniform, and the heat of the inner surface of the motor water jacket 7 is taken away, thereby achieving heat dissipation and cooling.
  • the cooling water flows out of the motor through the water outlet 9, and the cooling water with the increased heat temperature is again lowered by the temperature of the radiator 10, so that the water temperature reaches the temperature at the time of entering the water, is returned to the water tank 11, and is circulated again. Repeat the above process.
  • the water in the motor water jacket 7 is discharged through the drain port 13 to prevent the motor water jacket 7 from rising above the temperature below zero degrees Celsius.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed is a fracturing pump, comprising a cooling apparatus and a control apparatus. A motor is coupled to the shaft of the fracturing pump. The cooling apparatus comprises an air cooling device for cooling the rotor of the motor and a water cooling device for cooling the stator of the motor. The control device is coupled to the cooling devices for the motor respectively. The present fracturing pump can effectively dissipate heat.

Description

压裂泵  Fracturing pump
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及油田压裂施工作业设备技术领域，特别涉及一种压裂泵。The invention relates to the technical field of oil field fracturing construction equipment, in particular to a fracturing pump.
背景技术Background technique
在国内外油气田资源的开采过程中，针对不同的地质构造和油气资源的储存特点，为了提高油气资源的采收率和取得最佳的经济效益，储层增产改造工艺技术（即酸化压裂技术）获得了广泛运用。压裂机组设备是实施这项工艺技术的关键装备，而压裂泵车是这套关键装备中不可缺少的核心设备，其重要性可见一斑。目前国内外使用的主力车型为2000hp～2500hp的压裂泵，现今使用的压裂泵车有一个共同的传动结构特点，即是压裂泵都是由车台上的柴油机通过变速箱用万向轴来驱动工作的，压裂泵的输出排量和压力变化，均通过控制柴油机的转速和变速箱的分档组合来实现。而由于受到机械结构传动方式、底盘车承载能力和道路、桥梁通行能力等方面的限制，压裂泵的单机功率很难再提高；在进行大型水力压裂作业时，为了达到施工排量要求，需要的压裂泵车的台数较多，使得现场施工占地面积越来越大，管汇布局更复杂、前期准备工作周期长、成本高；并且压裂作业控制难度越来越大，其存在的控制精度不高和响应速度的灵敏性等问题日益突出，工作时安全隐患大。In the process of exploiting oil and gas resources at home and abroad, in order to improve the reservoir characteristics of different geological structures and oil and gas resources, in order to improve the recovery of oil and gas resources and achieve the best economic benefits, the reservoir production and transformation technology (ie acid fracturing technology) ) has been widely used. Fracturing unit equipment is the key equipment to implement this process technology, and the fracturing pump truck is an indispensable core equipment in this key equipment, and its importance can be seen. At present, the main models used at home and abroad are 2000 hp to 2500 hp fracturing pumps. The fracturing pump trucks used today have a common transmission structure, that is, the fracturing pumps are all driven by the diesel engine on the platform through the gearbox. When the shaft is driven to work, the output displacement and pressure change of the fracturing pump are realized by controlling the combination of the speed of the diesel engine and the gear shift. However, due to the limitation of the mechanical structure transmission mode, the load capacity of the chassis and the road and bridge capacity, the single machine power of the fracturing pump is difficult to be improved; in the case of large hydraulic fracturing operations, in order to meet the construction displacement requirements, The number of fracturing pump trucks required is large, which makes the site construction area larger and larger, the manifold layout is more complicated, the preliminary preparation work cycle is long, and the cost is high; and the fracturing operation control is more and more difficult, and its existence The problems such as low control precision and sensitivity of response speed are becoming more and more prominent, and the safety hazard at work is large.
目前国内外普遍使用的压裂机组系统：主要由发动机、液力传动箱、传动装置、卧式五缸压裂泵、吸入管汇、排出管汇、安全系统、燃油系统、动力端润系统等组成,通过底盘车的动力启动车台发动机的启动油泵，油泵驱动车台发动机的启动马达，启动车台发动机，车台发动机所产生的动力通过液力传动箱和传动轴传到大泵动力端驱动压裂泵工作。但该传动方案存在缺陷：首先，该压裂机组传动结构复杂，占空间较大；其次，需要定期检查的设备件较多，维护成本高；并且，由于液力传动箱，对压裂泵的速度，扭矩等控制精度不高。Fracturing unit systems commonly used at home and abroad: mainly by engine, hydraulic transmission box, transmission, horizontal five-cylinder fracturing pump, suction manifold, discharge manifold, safety system, fuel system, power end system, etc. The starter oil pump is activated by the power of the chassis, the oil pump drives the starter motor of the engine of the platform, and the engine of the platform is started. The power generated by the engine of the platform is transmitted to the power end of the large pump through the hydraulic transmission box and the transmission shaft. Drive the fracturing pump to work. However, the transmission scheme has defects: firstly, the fracturing unit has a complicated transmission structure and takes up a large space; secondly, there are many pieces of equipment that need regular inspection, and the maintenance cost is high; and, due to the hydraulic transmission box, the fracturing pump Speed, torque and other control accuracy is not high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中所存在的上述不足，提供一种单机功率大、工作排量大、占地面积小，并且对压裂车的速度、扭矩等控制精度高的压裂泵。The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a fracturing pump with large single machine power, large working displacement, small floor space, and high control precision for speed and torque of a fracturing vehicle. .
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种压裂泵，包括冷却装置和控制装置，所述压裂泵的轴上连接有电动机，所述冷却装置包括冷却所述电动机转子的风冷装置，和冷却所述电动机定子的水冷装置；所述控制装置分别与所述电动机和所述冷却装置连接。A fracturing pump comprising a cooling device and a control device, the fracturing pump having an electric motor coupled to the shaft, the cooling device comprising an air cooling device for cooling the rotor of the electric motor, and a water cooling device for cooling the stator of the electric motor; The control device is coupled to the electric motor and the cooling device, respectively.
优选地，所述压裂泵为两台，所述冷却装置安装在两台压裂泵之间。Preferably, the fracturing pumps are two and the cooling device is mounted between two fracturing pumps.
优选地，所述电动机的控制系统是中压数控变频控制。Preferably, the control system of the electric motor is medium voltage numerical control frequency conversion control.
优选地，所述压裂泵上安装有温度传感器和压力传感器，所述温度传感器和所述压力传感器、所述电动机的变频器通过现场总线电缆连接至PLC控制器，PLC控制器连接有人机输入装置。Preferably, the fracturing pump is mounted with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, the inverter of the motor are connected to the PLC controller through a field bus cable, and the PLC controller is connected to the man-machine input. Device.
优选地，所述现场总线为Profibus现场总线。Preferably, the field bus is a Profibus field bus.
优选地，在Profibus现场总线的通信接口上连接有监控装置，监控装置与Profibus现场总线的通信接口通过以太网远程连接，与控制层的PLC控制器通讯的分布式I/O设备传至仪表车的可编程控制器，所述可编程控制器通过现场总线与监控层连接通讯。Preferably, a monitoring device is connected to the communication interface of the Profibus field bus, and the communication interface of the monitoring device and the Profibus field bus is remotely connected via Ethernet, and the distributed I/O device communicating with the PLC controller of the control layer is transmitted to the instrument vehicle. The programmable controller communicates with the monitoring layer via a field bus.
优选地，所述人机输入装置是工业触摸屏。Preferably, the human input device is an industrial touch screen.
优选地，所述风冷装置包括风机，所述风机的出风口连接所述电动机内部，在所述电动机壳体上还安装有一个径向风扇，所述径向风扇由所述电动机内部向外抽出空气。Preferably, the air-cooling device includes a fan, and an air outlet of the fan is connected to the inside of the motor, and a radial fan is further mounted on the motor housing, and the radial fan is externally outward of the motor Take out the air.
优选地，所述水冷装置包括水泵，所述水泵的进水口与水箱连接，所述水泵的出水口连接电动机外的水夹克，所述水夹克内部具有S形通道，所述水夹克的出水口连接散热器，所述散热器的出水口连接所述水箱。Preferably, the water-cooling device comprises a water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected to a water jacket outside the motor, the water jacket has an S-shaped passage inside, and the water jacket of the water jacket A radiator is connected, and a water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water tank.
优选地，所述水夹克上还设置有排水口。Preferably, the water jacket is further provided with a drain port.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、由于本发明压裂泵采用了电机直驱的结构，打破了常规压裂泵柴油机加传动箱的传动结构形式，使整个压裂泵的结构简单，压裂车上安装的设备少，设备故障率减少，使用更加安全可靠。 1. Since the fracturing pump of the invention adopts the structure of direct drive of the motor, the transmission structure form of the conventional fracturing pump diesel engine and the transmission box is broken, so that the structure of the entire fracturing pump is simple, and the equipment installed on the fracturing truck is small, and the device The failure rate is reduced and the use is safer and more reliable.
2、由于本发明压裂泵功率大，排量大，可以实现一车一泵或一车双泵，极大地减小了压裂作业时的占地面积，并大大地减少了压裂泵之间的连接管线，现场施工压裂管汇布局更为简洁，规模化应用优势突出，符合现代绿色环保要求。2. Since the fracturing pump of the invention has large power and large displacement, one car, one pump or one car and two pumps can be realized, the floor space during the fracturing operation is greatly reduced, and the fracturing pump is greatly reduced. The connection pipeline between the two places, the layout of the fracturing pipe at the site is more concise, the advantages of large-scale application are outstanding, and it meets the requirements of modern green environmental protection.
3、由于本发明压裂泵的冷却装置包括风冷装置和水冷装置，电机运行时所产生的热量，一部分通过风冷装置强迫通风带走，另一部分通过水冷装置形成的循环水经过电机水夹克带走，从而实现散热的目的。其中在一些优选实施例中，冷却空气通过电动机风冷装置的进风口进入到风机，通过风机的离心力形成高压冷却空气，然后进入电机内部，带走电机铁芯产生的热量，风扇旋转产生离心力，使风扇处形成低压区，加速电机内部的空气流动，使热量通过出风口排出电机，从而实现散热冷却。电动机水冷装置的冷却水经过水泵加压，通过进水口进入电机水夹克，冷却水通过电机水夹克的S形通道（S形通道增加了散热通道，散热更好更均匀），带走电机水夹克内表面的热量，从而实现散热冷却。冷却水经过S形水流通道后，经过出水口流出电机，带走热量温度升高的冷却水通过散热器温度再次降低，使水温达到进水时的温度，回流到水箱中，再次循环重复上述过程。当电机不运行时，通过排水口将电机水夹克里面的蓄水排出，以防止温度低于零摄氏度时把电机水夹克涨破。3. Since the cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention comprises an air cooling device and a water cooling device, a part of the heat generated by the motor during operation is forced to be taken away by the air cooling device, and another part of the circulating water formed by the water cooling device passes through the motor water jacket. Take away, thus achieving the purpose of heat dissipation. In some preferred embodiments, the cooling air enters the fan through the air inlet of the air-cooling device of the motor, and the high-pressure cooling air is formed by the centrifugal force of the fan, and then enters the inside of the motor, taking away the heat generated by the motor core, and the fan rotates to generate centrifugal force. The low pressure zone is formed at the fan to accelerate the flow of air inside the motor, so that heat is discharged through the air outlet to achieve heat dissipation. The cooling water of the motor water cooling device is pressurized by the water pump and enters the motor water jacket through the water inlet. The cooling water passes through the S-shaped channel of the motor water jacket (the S-shaped channel increases the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation is better and more uniform), and the motor water jacket is taken away. The heat of the inner surface enables heat dissipation. After passing through the S-shaped water flow channel, the cooling water flows out of the motor through the water outlet, and the cooling water with the heat temperature rises is lowered again by the temperature of the radiator, so that the water temperature reaches the temperature at the time of water inlet, and the water is returned to the water tank, and the above process is repeated again. . When the motor is not running, drain the water in the motor water jacket through the drain to prevent the motor water jacket from breaking up when the temperature is below zero degrees Celsius.
附图说明：BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
图1为本发明压裂泵的控制系统示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic view of the control system of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
图2为本发明压裂泵的风冷装置结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural view of an air-cooling device of a fracturing pump of the present invention.
图3为本发明压裂泵的水冷装置结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a water cooling device of a fracturing pump of the present invention.
图4为本发明压裂泵的水冷装置侧面示意图。Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the water cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
图5为本发明压裂泵的水冷装置中电机水夹克内部水流示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal water flow of the water jacket of the motor in the water cooling device of the fracturing pump of the present invention.
图中标记：1-进风口，2-风机，3-风机电机，4-电机铁芯，5-风扇，6-出风口，7-电机水夹克，8-进水口，9-出水口，10-散热器，11-水箱，12-水泵，13-排水口。Marked in the figure: 1-air inlet, 2-fan, 3-fan motor, 4-motor core, 5-fan, 6-air outlet, 7-motor water jacket, 8-inlet, 9-outlet, 10 - Radiator, 11-water tank, 12-pump, 13-drain.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例，凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the test examples and specific embodiments. However, the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following embodiments, and the technology implemented based on the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一压裂泵及其配套的设备和控制系统，包括3台压裂车、混砂车、仪表车及其控制系统，所述压裂泵包括冷却装置和控制装置，其中，压裂泵轴上连接有电动机，所述的冷却装置包括冷却电动机转子的风冷装置，和冷却电动机定子的水冷装置；所述控制装置分别与电动机和冷却装置连接。控制层采用Profibus现场总线将压裂泵、混砂车、仪表车三者有机的连接起来，构成了一个稳定、易于扩充的网络环境。传输介质采用屏蔽双绞线，系统采用令牌环型拓扑结构，各设备采用网络接入器连入网络，数据传输速率为1．5 Mb／s。A fracturing pump and its associated equipment and control system, comprising three fracturing trucks, a sand mixing truck, an instrument vehicle and a control system thereof, the fracturing pump comprising a cooling device and a control device, wherein the fracturing pump shaft An electric motor is connected, and the cooling device includes an air cooling device that cools the rotor of the electric motor, and a water cooling device that cools the stator of the electric motor; the control device is connected to the electric motor and the cooling device, respectively. The control layer uses the Profibus field bus to organically connect the fracturing pump, the sand mixing vehicle and the instrument vehicle to form a stable and easy to expand network environment. The transmission medium adopts shielded twisted pair cable. The system adopts a token ring topology. Each device uses a network access device to connect to the network. The data transmission rate is 1.5. Mb/s.
所述压裂泵上的传感器信号通过分布式I/O设备传至仪表车的S7-300PLC，所述S7-300PLC通过现场总线与监控层连接通讯。监控层通过现场总线通信接口与控制层的S7-300PLC通讯，运用图形化的方式设置、监视工艺流程参数，存储生产历史数据，并进行实时数据现场分析，借助压裂模拟软件模拟复杂油气藏裂缝的扩展和支撑剂的运移，优化压裂施工设计，以提高压裂施工质量和作业效率。The sensor signal on the fracturing pump is transmitted to the S7-300 PLC of the instrument vehicle through the distributed I/O device, and the S7-300 PLC communicates with the monitoring layer through the field bus. The monitoring layer communicates with the S7-300PLC of the control layer through the fieldbus communication interface, graphically sets and monitors process parameters, stores production history data, and performs real-time data on-site analysis to simulate complex reservoir cracks by means of fracturing simulation software. The expansion and proppant migration optimize the fracturing design to improve fracturing quality and operational efficiency.
所述监控层包括工业控制计算机，所述监控层采用Profibus现场总线通信接口与S7-300PLC进行通讯。监控层通过Profibus通信接口与控制层的PLC通讯，系统运行的软件平台采用Windows NT＋WINCC组态软件，运用图形化的方式设置、监视工艺流程参数，存储生产历史数据，并进行实时数据现场分析，借助压裂模拟软件模拟复杂油气藏裂缝的扩展和支撑剂的运移，优化压裂施工设计，以提高压裂施工质量和作业效率。The monitoring layer includes an industrial control computer, and the monitoring layer communicates with the S7-300 PLC using a Profibus fieldbus communication interface. The monitoring layer communicates with the PLC of the control layer through the Profibus communication interface, and the software platform of the system runs Windows. NT+WINCC configuration software uses graphical means to set and monitor process parameters, store production history data, and perform real-time data on-site analysis. Simulate the expansion of cracks in complex reservoirs and proppant migration by means of fracturing simulation software. Crack construction design to improve the quality of fracturing construction and work efficiency.
由于通过远程传输可有效的实现远程控制和处理数据和信息，节省设备维护和信息获取的时间和空间。The remote control and effective processing of data and information can save time and space for equipment maintenance and information acquisition.
所述传感器包括压力传感器与温度传感器。The sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
实施例2 Example 2
与实施例1相同，优选为压裂车上的压裂泵设置有两台。冷却装置安装在两台压裂泵之间。As in the first embodiment, it is preferable that two fracturing pumps are provided on the fracturing vehicle. The cooling unit is installed between the two fracturing pumps.
实施例3Example 3
与实施例2相同，优选为所述压裂泵上的冷却装置包括电机风冷装置和电机水冷装置。As in Embodiment 2, it is preferable that the cooling device on the fracturing pump includes a motor air cooling device and a motor water cooling device.
如图2所示，所述电机风冷装置包括风机电机3和电机内的电机铁芯4，所述风机电机3一侧设置有风机2，风机上还设置有进风口1，所述电机铁芯4上还设置有风扇5，所述风扇5上方还设置有出风口6。电机风冷装置的工作原理为：冷却空气通过进风口1进入到风机2，通过风机2的离心力形成高压冷却空气，然后进入电机内部，带走电机铁芯4产生的热量，风扇5旋转产生离心力，使风扇5处形成低压区，加速电机内部的空气流动，使热量通过出风口6排出电机，从而实现散热冷却。As shown in FIG. 2, the motor air-cooling device includes a fan motor 3 and a motor core 4 in the motor. The fan motor 3 is provided with a fan 2 on one side thereof, and an air inlet 1 is also disposed on the fan. A fan 5 is further disposed on the core 4, and an air outlet 6 is further disposed above the fan 5. The working principle of the motor air-cooling device is: the cooling air enters the fan 2 through the air inlet 1, the high-pressure cooling air is formed by the centrifugal force of the fan 2, and then enters the inside of the motor, taking away the heat generated by the motor core 4, and the fan 5 rotates to generate centrifugal force. The low pressure zone is formed at the fan 5 to accelerate the flow of air inside the motor, so that heat is discharged through the air outlet 6 to achieve heat dissipation cooling.
如图3、图4所示，所述电机水冷装置包括电机水夹克7和设置于电机内的水泵12，所述电机水夹克7上还设置有进水口8和出水口9，所述电机外还设置有散热器10，所述散热器10连接有水箱11，所述水箱11连接进水口8。所述电机上还设置有排水口13。电机水冷装置的工作原理为：水箱11的冷却水经过水泵12加压，通过进水口8进入电机水夹克7，如图5所示，冷却水通过电机水夹克7的S形通道（S形通道增加了散热通道，散热更好更均匀），带走电机水夹克7内表面的热量，从而实现散热冷却。冷却水经过S形水流通道后，经过出水口9流出电机，带走热量温度升高的冷却水通过散热器10温度再次降低，使水温达到进水时的温度，回流到水箱11中，再次循环重复上述过程。当电机不运行时，通过排水口13将电机水夹克7里面的蓄水排出，以防止温度低于零摄氏度时把电机水夹克7涨破。As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the motor water cooling device includes a motor water jacket 7 and a water pump 12 disposed in the motor. The motor water jacket 7 is further provided with a water inlet 8 and a water outlet 9 outside the motor. A radiator 10 is also provided, to which the water tank 11 is connected, and the water tank 11 is connected to the water inlet 8. A drain port 13 is also provided on the motor. The working principle of the motor water cooling device is that the cooling water of the water tank 11 is pressurized by the water pump 12, and enters the motor water jacket 7 through the water inlet 8, as shown in Fig. 5, the cooling water passes through the S-shaped passage of the motor water jacket 7 (S-shaped passage) The heat dissipation channel is added to make the heat dissipation better and more uniform, and the heat of the inner surface of the motor water jacket 7 is taken away, thereby achieving heat dissipation and cooling. After passing through the S-shaped water flow passage, the cooling water flows out of the motor through the water outlet 9, and the cooling water with the increased heat temperature is again lowered by the temperature of the radiator 10, so that the water temperature reaches the temperature at the time of entering the water, is returned to the water tank 11, and is circulated again. Repeat the above process. When the motor is not running, the water in the motor water jacket 7 is discharged through the drain port 13 to prevent the motor water jacket 7 from rising above the temperature below zero degrees Celsius.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种压裂泵，包括冷却装置和控制装置，其特征在于，所述压裂泵的轴上连接有电动机，所述冷却装置包括冷却所述电动机转子的风冷装置，和冷却所述电动机定子的水冷装置；所述控制装置分别与所述电动机和所述冷却装置连接。 A fracturing pump includes a cooling device and a control device, wherein an electric motor is coupled to a shaft of the fracturing pump, the cooling device includes an air cooling device that cools the rotor of the electric motor, and the stator of the motor is cooled a water cooling device; the control device is respectively connected to the electric motor and the cooling device.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，压裂泵为两台，所述冷却装置安装在两台压裂泵之间。The fracturing pump according to claim 1, wherein the fracturing pumps are two, and the cooling device is installed between the two fracturing pumps.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述电动机的控制系统为中压数控变频控制。The fracturing pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control system of the electric motor is medium voltage numerical control variable frequency control.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述压裂泵上安装有温度传感器和压力传感器，所述温度传感器和所述压力传感器、所述电动机的变频器通过现场总线电缆连接至PLC控制器，PLC控制器连接有人机输入装置。The fracturing pump according to claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are mounted on the fracturing pump, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and the inverter of the motor are connected by a fieldbus cable. To the PLC controller, the PLC controller is connected to the man-machine input device.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述现场总线为Profibus现场总线。The fracturing pump of claim 4 wherein said fieldbus is a Profibus fieldbus.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，在Profibus现场总线的通信接口上连接有监控装置，监控装置与Profibus现场总线的通信接口通过以太网远程连接，与控制层的PLC控制器通讯的分布式I/O设备传至仪表车的可编程控制器，所述可编程控制器通过现场总线与监控层连接通讯。The fracturing pump according to claim 5, characterized in that a monitoring device is connected to the communication interface of the Profibus field bus, and the communication interface between the monitoring device and the Profibus field bus is remotely connected via Ethernet, and the PLC controller of the control layer The distributed distributed I/O device is transmitted to the programmable controller of the instrument vehicle, and the programmable controller is connected to the monitoring layer through the field bus.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述人机输入装置是工业触摸屏。The fracturing pump of claim 5 wherein said human input device is an industrial touch screen.
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述风冷装置包括风机，所述风机的出风口连接所述电动机内部，在所述电动机壳体上还安装有一个径向风扇，所述径向风扇由所述电动机内部向外抽出空气。The fracturing pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air-cooling device comprises a fan, an air outlet of the fan is connected to the inside of the motor, and a radial direction is further mounted on the motor housing. A fan that draws air outward from the interior of the motor.
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述水冷装置包括水泵，所述水泵的进水口与水箱连接，所述水泵的出水口连接电动机外的水夹克，所述水夹克内部具有S形通道，所述水夹克的出水口连接散热器，所述散热器的出水口连接所述水箱。The fracturing pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-cooling device comprises a water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected to a water jacket outside the motor, the water The inside of the jacket has an S-shaped passage, and the water outlet of the water jacket is connected to the radiator, and the water outlet of the radiator is connected to the water tank.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的压裂泵，其特征在于，所述水夹克上还设置有排水口。The fracturing pump according to claim 9, wherein the water jacket is further provided with a drain port.
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