WO2013161035A1 - Crankshaft and manufacturing method for same - Google Patents

Crankshaft and manufacturing method for same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013161035A1
WO2013161035A1 PCT/JP2012/061219 JP2012061219W WO2013161035A1 WO 2013161035 A1 WO2013161035 A1 WO 2013161035A1 JP 2012061219 W JP2012061219 W JP 2012061219W WO 2013161035 A1 WO2013161035 A1 WO 2013161035A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
shaft
connecting rod
shaft portion
grinding
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PCT/JP2012/061219
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
平井司
坂本栄一郎
Original Assignee
本田技研工業株式会社
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Application filed by 本田技研工業株式会社 filed Critical 本田技研工業株式会社
Priority to CN201280043090.1A priority Critical patent/CN103782043A/en
Priority to BR112014000847A priority patent/BR112014000847A2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/061219 priority patent/WO2013161035A1/en
Publication of WO2013161035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013161035A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
    • F16C3/06—Crankshafts
    • F16C3/10—Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
    • F16C2220/70—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining by grinding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
    • F16C3/06—Crankshafts
    • F16C3/14—Features relating to lubrication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crankshaft that performs a rotational operation along with a vertical reciprocating motion of a piston that constitutes an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • a mixture of fuel and air is introduced and compressed into a cylinder via an inlet, and then the compressed mixture is burned and expanded. The burned mixture is discharged through the exhaust port.
  • the piston reciprocates up and down in the cylinder.
  • the piston is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod (hereinafter also referred to as a connecting rod), and therefore the crankshaft performs a rotational operation along with the up and down reciprocating motion of the piston.
  • a connecting rod hereinafter also referred to as a connecting rod
  • crankshaft which performs such an operation
  • a press-fit assembly type shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-136377 can be mentioned. That is, the press-fit assembly type crankshaft is configured by connecting the first crankshaft half and the second crankshaft half via the crankpin, and the crankpin is the large diameter end of the connecting rod It passes through the insertion hole formed in.
  • the first crankshaft half body has a first shaft portion and a first flange portion and a first weight portion formed at one end of the first shaft portion, while the second crankshaft half is formed.
  • the body has a second shaft portion and a second flange portion and a second weight portion formed at one end of the second shaft portion, and each of the second flange portion and the first weight portion in the second shaft portion has a second shaft portion and a second weight portion.
  • the first flange portion and the first weight portion of the first crankshaft half has a first shaft portion and a first flange portion and a first weight portion formed at one end of the first shaft portion, while the second crankshaft half is formed.
  • the body has a second shaft portion and a second flange portion and a second weight portion formed at one end of the second shaft portion, and each of the second flange portion and the first weight portion in the second shaft portion has a second shaft portion and a second weight portion.
  • a first pin hole and a second pin hole for passing the crankpin are respectively formed through the first flange portion and the second flange portion.
  • the crankpin is normally press-fit in the order of the first pin hole, the through hole of the connecting rod, and the second pin hole, thereby forming a press-fit assembly type crankshaft.
  • the first shaft and the second shaft of the crankshaft are ground.
  • this grinding process is a first crankshaft prior to being assembled as a press-in assembly type crankshaft.
  • the half is carried out for the second crankshaft half. In other words, grinding is performed prior to press-fitting of the crankpin into the first pin hole, the insertion hole of the connecting rod, and the second pin hole.
  • crankshaft that is to be ground after being assembled as a crankshaft.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a crankshaft in which the core position of each shaft extending from each weight is precisely matched.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a crankshaft for obtaining the above-mentioned crankshaft.
  • a method of manufacturing a crankshaft having at least a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion and having a connecting rod attached thereto, A crankshaft is assembled by connecting a member including a first weight portion connected to the first shaft portion and a member including a second weight portion connected to the second shaft portion by a crank pin through which the connecting rod passes.
  • the first shaft and the second shaft of the crankshaft are ground. For this reason, it becomes easy to match the position of the cores of the 1st axial part and the 2nd axial part with sufficient accuracy. In other words, the cores are positioned on substantially the same straight line. Therefore, the occurrence of misalignment between the shaft portions can be avoided.
  • the grinding process is preferably performed in a state where the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion are rotated by rotating the crankshaft.
  • the support for supporting the grinding wheel needs to be configured to perform the rotation operation without interfering with any member or mechanism. It is not necessary to adopt such a configuration in the case of rotating the device, and hence the device configuration is simplified.
  • the connecting rod may be held during grinding. As a result, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the crankshaft during the grinding process, so that it is possible to obtain the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion with better dimensional accuracy.
  • crankshaft having at least a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion and having a connecting rod attached thereto, The member including the first weight portion connected to the first shaft portion and the member including the second weight portion connected to the second shaft portion are connected by the crank pin through which the connecting rod passes.
  • crankshaft in which a first shaft and a second shaft are ground.
  • crankshaft configured in this manner has good dimensional accuracy. Therefore, since the finishing process (centering operation) is not necessary, the manufacturing process is completed in a short time. That is, a crankshaft can be obtained efficiently. Furthermore, the yield is improved.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a key portion showing a state in which a crank pin pressed into a pin hole of a first crank shaft half is press-fitted into an insertion hole of a connecting rod and a pin hole of a second crank shaft half. It is a principal part schematic cross-section side view which shows the state which is grinding with respect to the crankshaft of FIG. It is a principal part schematic cross-section side view of the crankshaft which concerns on another embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an essential part of a crankshaft 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the crankshaft 10 is configured by connecting a first crankshaft half 12 and a second crankshaft half 14 via a crankpin 16.
  • the crank pin 16 is passed through the insertion hole 20 formed at the large diameter end of the connecting rod 18, and the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 and the second of the second crankshaft half 14 It is pressed into the pin hole 24.
  • the first crankshaft half 12 is a disk-shaped portion 30 including the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28, and a hollow shaft extending in an annular shape from one end surface of the disk-shaped portion 30. And a portion 32 (first shaft portion).
  • the hollow shaft portion 32 is formed with a large oil hole 34 as an inner hole and a first center hole 36 connected to the large oil hole 34 along the axial ship direction.
  • the disk shaped portion 30 integrally has the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28 as described above.
  • the first pin hole 22 is formed to penetrate the first flange portion 26 therein.
  • a communication oil hole 38 is in communication with the first pin hole 22 and the large oil hole 34, and a small oil hole 40 of the crank pin 16 is in communication with an opening on the first pin hole 22 side of the communication oil hole 38. .
  • the small oil hole 40 communicates with the communication oil hole 38 opened by the first pin hole 22.
  • the remaining second crankshaft half body 14 is a solid shaft extending in an annular shape from one end face of the disk-shaped portion 46 including the second flange portion 42 and the second weight portion 44, and the disk-shaped portion 46. And a portion 48 (second shaft portion).
  • the communication oil hole is not formed in the second flange portion 42.
  • the disk-shaped portion 30 of the first crankshaft half 12 and the disk-shaped portion 46 of the second crankshaft half 14 face each other.
  • each of the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28 faces each of the second flange portion 42 and the second weight portion 44.
  • the second pin holes 24 formed in the second flange portion 42 face the first pin holes 22.
  • the crank pin 16 is pressed into the second pin hole 24.
  • the solid shaft portion 48 is configured substantially the same as the hollow shaft portion 32 except that the large oil hole 34 is not present and the outer diameter is slightly large. That is, only the second center hole 50 is formed in the solid shaft portion 48.
  • crankshaft 10 Next, a method of manufacturing the crankshaft 10 will be described.
  • the first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 constituting the crankshaft 10 are individually manufactured by, for example, precision forging. Thereafter, the first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 are conditioned.
  • the crank pin 16 is press-fit into the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 obtained as described above. Further, the communication oil hole 38 in communication with the large oil hole 34 and the small oil hole 40 in communication with the communication oil hole 38 are connected to each other, and each of the first crankshaft half body 12 and the crank pin 16 is To form.
  • crank pin 16 already press-fit into the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 is press-fit into the second pin hole 24 of the second crankshaft half 14. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the first crank shaft half 12 and the second crank shaft half 14 are disposed such that the first flange portion 26 and the second flange portion 42 face each other.
  • the second pin hole 24 is positioned corresponding to the position of the first pin hole 22, and the insertion hole 20 of the connecting rod 18 is interposed between the crank pin 16 and the second pin hole 24.
  • crank pin 16 is press-fit in the order of the insertion hole 20 of the connecting rod 18 and the second pin hole 24. Thereby, the crankshaft 10 of the structure shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
  • the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 of the crankshaft 10 thus assembled are ground.
  • crankshaft 10 is held and positioned and fixed by sandwiching the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48.
  • holding bars 60 and 62 may be inserted into each of the first center hole 36 and the second center hole 50.
  • Grinding may be performed in this state, but it is preferable to hold the connecting rod 18 and the disk-shaped portions 30 and 46 and then perform grinding. In this case, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the crankshaft 10, so that the grinding process can be performed with high accuracy.
  • crankshaft 10 thus held is then rotationally operated.
  • the crankshaft 10 rotates in accordance with, for example, the rotation of the bars 60 and 62 inserted into the first center hole 36 and the second center hole 50.
  • the crankshaft 10 may be rotated by rotating the holding mechanism holding the disk-shaped portions 30 and 46.
  • the disk-shaped portions 30, 46 and the hollow shaft portion 32 and the solid shaft portion 48 connected to these rotate in order for the crankshaft 10 to rotate.
  • the hollow shaft portion 32 of the crankshaft 10, the base end portion of the solid shaft portion 48, the main body, etc. of the crankshaft 10 thus rotated are subjected to grinding with the grindstones 64, 66.
  • the hollow shaft portion 32 and the solid shaft portion 48 of the crankshaft 10 assembled from the first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 are ground. I am trying to apply it. Accordingly, between the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 as compared to the case where the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 are separately ground before being assembled as the crankshaft 10. Makes it easy to match the positions of the cores. That is, the occurrence of misalignment between the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 can be easily avoided.
  • the processing accuracy of the crankshaft 10 is improved.
  • the crankshaft 10 excellent in dimensional accuracy can be obtained. Therefore, the amount of grinding at the time of grinding becomes small, and it is not necessary to separately perform finishing after that to center the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48.
  • the production efficiency of the crankshaft 10 is improved. Furthermore, the yield of the crankshaft 10 is improved.
  • crankshaft 10 is released from all restraints by going through the process reverse to the above.
  • crankshaft 10 is operated to rotate in the above-described embodiment
  • the grinding wheels 64 and 66 are operated to orbit along the outer periphery of the crankshaft 10 without operating the crankshaft 10. May be
  • the first crankshaft half 12 as a single member in which the disk-shaped portion 30 and the hollow shaft portion 32 are integrally formed, and the disk-shaped portion 46 and the solid shaft portion 48 are integrated.
  • the crankshaft 10 is configured by the second crankshaft half 14 as a single united member, and the crankshaft 10 is subjected to grinding processing, as shown in FIG.
  • a first crankshaft half 74 obtained by joining the hollow shaft member 72 to the first flange member 70, and a second obtained by joining the solid shaft member 78 to the second flange member 76
  • the crankshaft 82 may be configured by the crankshaft half body 80, and the hollow shaft member 72 of the crankshaft 82 and the solid shaft member 78 may be ground.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

First, a crankshaft (10) is configured so that a first crank shaft half (12) and a second crank shaft half (14) are coupled via a crank pin (16) through which a connecting rod (18) passes. Next, for example, while rotationally operating the crankshaft (10), a hollow shaft portion (32) of the first crank shaft half (12) and a solid shaft portion (48) of the second crank shaft half (14) are ground by whetstones (64, 66). In this case, it is preferable that a disc-shaped portion (30) containing a first weight portion (28), a disc-shaped portion (46) containing a second weight portion (44), and the connecting rod (18) are held.

Description

クランクシャフト及びその製造方法Crankshaft and method of manufacturing the same
　本発明は、自動車の内燃機関を構成するピストンの上下往復運動に伴って回転動作を行うクランクシャフト及びその製造方法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crankshaft that performs a rotational operation along with a vertical reciprocating motion of a piston that constitutes an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, and a method of manufacturing the same.
　自動車の内燃機関を運転するに際しては、燃料と空気との混合気が吸気口を介してシリンダに導入及び圧縮され、次に、圧縮された混合気が燃焼されて膨張する。燃焼した混合気は、排気口を介して排出される。 When operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, a mixture of fuel and air is introduced and compressed into a cylinder via an inlet, and then the compressed mixture is burned and expanded. The burned mixture is discharged through the exhaust port.
　この過程では、シリンダ内をピストンが上下往復運動する。ピストンは、コネクティングロッド（以下、コンロッドともいう）を介してクランクシャフトに連結されており、このため、クランクシャフトは、ピストンの上下往復運動に伴って回転動作を行う。 In this process, the piston reciprocates up and down in the cylinder. The piston is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod (hereinafter also referred to as a connecting rod), and therefore the crankshaft performs a rotational operation along with the up and down reciprocating motion of the piston.
　このような動作を営むクランクシャフトとしては、例えば、特開２００３－１３６３７７号公報に示される圧入組立型のものが挙げられる。すなわち、圧入組立型のクランクシャフトは、第１クランク軸半体と、第２クランク軸半体とがクランクピンを介して連結されることで構成され、該クランクピンが、コンロッドの大径端部に形成された挿通孔に通される。 As a crankshaft which performs such an operation, for example, a press-fit assembly type shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-136377 can be mentioned. That is, the press-fit assembly type crankshaft is configured by connecting the first crankshaft half and the second crankshaft half via the crankpin, and the crankpin is the large diameter end of the connecting rod It passes through the insertion hole formed in.
　ここで、第１クランク軸半体は、第１軸部と、該第１軸部の一端部に形成された第１フランジ部及び第１ウェイト部とを有し、一方、第２クランク軸半体は、第２軸部と、該第２軸部の一端部に形成された第２フランジ部及び第２ウェイト部とを有し、この中の第２フランジ部及び第１ウェイト部のそれぞれが、第１クランク軸半体の第１フランジ部及び第１ウェイト部と対向する。 Here, the first crankshaft half body has a first shaft portion and a first flange portion and a first weight portion formed at one end of the first shaft portion, while the second crankshaft half is formed. The body has a second shaft portion and a second flange portion and a second weight portion formed at one end of the second shaft portion, and each of the second flange portion and the first weight portion in the second shaft portion has a second shaft portion and a second weight portion. And the first flange portion and the first weight portion of the first crankshaft half.
　第１フランジ部及び第２フランジ部には、前記クランクピンを通すための第１ピン孔、第２ピン孔がそれぞれ貫通形成されている。クランクピンは、通常、第１ピン孔、コンロッドの挿通孔、第２ピン孔の順序で圧入され、これにより、圧入組立型のクランクシャフトが構成される。 A first pin hole and a second pin hole for passing the crankpin are respectively formed through the first flange portion and the second flange portion. The crankpin is normally press-fit in the order of the first pin hole, the through hole of the connecting rod, and the second pin hole, thereby forming a press-fit assembly type crankshaft.
　なお、クランクシャフトの第１軸部及び第２軸部に対しては、研削加工が施される。この研削加工は、特開２００３－１３６３７７号公報、特開２００３－１３６３７８号公報及び特開２００３－１３６４００号公報に記載されるように、圧入組立型のクランクシャフトとして組み上げられる前の第１クランク軸半体、第２クランク軸半体に対して実施される。換言すれば、研削加工は、第１ピン孔、コンロッドの挿通孔、第２ピン孔へのクランクピンの圧入に先んじて行われる。 The first shaft and the second shaft of the crankshaft are ground. As described in JP-A-2003-136377, JP-A-2003-136378 and JP-A-2003-136400, this grinding process is a first crankshaft prior to being assembled as a press-in assembly type crankshaft. The half is carried out for the second crankshaft half. In other words, grinding is performed prior to press-fitting of the crankpin into the first pin hole, the insertion hole of the connecting rod, and the second pin hole.
　第１クランク軸半体と第２クランク軸半体の各々に対して研削加工を施した後にクランクシャフトを組み上げる場合、第１軸部と第２軸部の芯部同士の位置を精度よく合致させることが容易ではない。すなわち、この場合、いわゆる芯ズレを低減することが容易ではない。 When assembling the crankshaft after grinding each of the first crankshaft half body and the second crankshaft half body, the positions of the core portions of the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion are accurately aligned. It is not easy. That is, in this case, it is not easy to reduce so-called misalignment.
　本発明の一般的な目的は、クランクシャフトとして組み立てられた後に研削加工が施されるクランクシャフトを提供することにある。 It is a general object of the present invention to provide a crankshaft that is to be ground after being assembled as a crankshaft.
　本発明の主たる目的は、各ウェイト部から延在する各軸部同士の芯位置が精度よく合致したクランクシャフトを提供することにある。 The main object of the present invention is to provide a crankshaft in which the core position of each shaft extending from each weight is precisely matched.
　本発明の別の目的は、上記したクランクシャフトを得るためのクランクシャフトの製造方法を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a crankshaft for obtaining the above-mentioned crankshaft.
　本発明の一実施形態によれば、少なくとも第１軸部及び第２軸部を有し、且つコネクティングロッドが取り付けられたクランクシャフトの製造方法であって、
　前記第１軸部に連なる第１ウェイト部を含む部材と、前記第２軸部に連なる第２ウェイト部を含む部材とを、前記コネクティングロッドが通されたクランクピンで連結してクランクシャフトを組み立てる工程と、
　前記第１軸部及び前記第２軸部に対して研削加工を施す工程と、
　を有するクランクシャフトの製造方法が提供される。 According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a crankshaft having at least a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion and having a connecting rod attached thereto,
A crankshaft is assembled by connecting a member including a first weight portion connected to the first shaft portion and a member including a second weight portion connected to the second shaft portion by a crank pin through which the connecting rod passes. Process,
Grinding the first shaft and the second shaft;
A method of manufacturing a crankshaft is provided.
　すなわち、本発明においては、クランクシャフトを先ず組み立てた後、このクランクシャフトの第１軸部及び第２軸部に対して研削加工を施す。このため、第１軸部と、第２軸部との芯同士の位置を精度よく合致させることが容易となる。換言すれば、芯同士が略同一直線上に位置する。従って、軸部同士の間に芯ズレが発生することを回避することができる。 That is, in the present invention, after the crankshaft is assembled first, the first shaft and the second shaft of the crankshaft are ground. For this reason, it becomes easy to match the position of the cores of the 1st axial part and the 2nd axial part with sufficient accuracy. In other words, the cores are positioned on substantially the same straight line. Therefore, the occurrence of misalignment between the shaft portions can be avoided.
　その結果、研削加工後に仕上げ加工（芯出し作業）を行う必要がなくなる。すなわち、芯出し作業を別途行わなくとも、軸部同士の芯を容易に合わせることが可能となる。結局、寸法精度に優れたクランクシャフトを効率よく得ることができる。 As a result, it is not necessary to perform finishing (centering) after grinding. That is, without separately performing the centering operation, it is possible to easily align the cores of the shaft portions. As a result, it is possible to efficiently obtain a crankshaft excellent in dimensional accuracy.
　前記の研削加工は、クランクシャフトを回転させることで第１軸部及び第２軸部を回転させた状態で行うことが好ましい。第１軸部又は第２軸部の外周に沿って砥石を周回動作させる場合、砥石を支持する支持体を何らかの部材や機構に干渉させることなく周回動作させる構成とする必要があるが、クランクシャフトを回転動作させる場合には、このような構成を採用する必要がなく、従って、装置構成が簡素となるからである。 The grinding process is preferably performed in a state where the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion are rotated by rotating the crankshaft. In the case where the grinding wheel is operated along the outer periphery of the first shaft portion or the second shaft portion, the support for supporting the grinding wheel needs to be configured to perform the rotation operation without interfering with any member or mechanism. It is not necessary to adopt such a configuration in the case of rotating the device, and hence the device configuration is simplified.
　また、第１ウェイト部を含む部材と、第２ウェイト部を含む部材とを保持して研削加工を施すことが好ましい。さらに、研削加工時に、コネクティングロッドを挟持するようにしてもよい。これにより研削加工の最中にクランクシャフトが振動することが抑制されるので、寸法精度が一層良好な第１軸部及び第２軸部を得ることができる。 Further, it is preferable to perform grinding processing while holding a member including the first weight portion and a member including the second weight portion. Furthermore, the connecting rod may be held during grinding. As a result, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the crankshaft during the grinding process, so that it is possible to obtain the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion with better dimensional accuracy.
　本発明の別の一実施形態によれば、少なくとも第１軸部及び第２軸部を有し、且つコネクティングロッドが取り付けられたクランクシャフトであって、
　前記第１軸部に連なる第１ウェイト部を含む部材と、前記第２軸部に連なる第２ウェイト部を含む部材とが、前記コネクティングロッドが通されたクランクピンで連結された状態で、前記第１軸部及び前記第２軸部に対して研削加工が施されたクランクシャフトが提供される。 According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a crankshaft having at least a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion and having a connecting rod attached thereto,
The member including the first weight portion connected to the first shaft portion and the member including the second weight portion connected to the second shaft portion are connected by the crank pin through which the connecting rod passes. There is provided a crankshaft in which a first shaft and a second shaft are ground.
　このようにして構成されるクランクシャフトは、寸法精度が良好である。従って、仕上げ加工（芯出し作業）が不要となるので、その分、短時間で製造過程が終了する。すなわち、クランクシャフトが効率よく得られる。さらに、歩留まりが向上する。 The crankshaft configured in this manner has good dimensional accuracy. Therefore, since the finishing process (centering operation) is not necessary, the manufacturing process is completed in a short time. That is, a crankshaft can be obtained efficiently. Furthermore, the yield is improved.
本発明の実施の形態に係るクランクシャフトの要部概略断面側面図である。It is a principal part schematic cross section side view of a crankshaft concerning an embodiment of the invention. 第１クランク軸半体のピン孔に圧入されたクランクピンを、コンロッドの挿通孔、第２クランク軸半体のピン孔に圧入する状態を示した要部概略断面側面図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a key portion showing a state in which a crank pin pressed into a pin hole of a first crank shaft half is press-fitted into an insertion hole of a connecting rod and a pin hole of a second crank shaft half. 図１のクランクシャフトに対して研削加工を施している状態を示す要部概略断面側面図である。It is a principal part schematic cross-section side view which shows the state which is grinding with respect to the crankshaft of FIG. 別の実施の形態に係るクランクシャフトの要部概略断面側面図である。It is a principal part schematic cross-section side view of the crankshaft which concerns on another embodiment.
　以下、本発明に係るクランクシャフトにつき、それを得るための製造方法との関係で好適な実施の形態を挙げ、添付の図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、圧入組立型のクランクシャフトに対して研削加工を行う場合を例示して説明する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the crankshaft according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in view of the manufacturing method for obtaining the crankshaft. In the present embodiment, the case of grinding the press-fit assembly type crankshaft will be described as an example.
　図１は、本実施の形態に係るクランクシャフト１０の要部概略断面側面図である。このクランクシャフト１０は、第１クランク軸半体１２と、第２クランク軸半体１４とがクランクピン１６を介して連結されることで構成される。なお、クランクピン１６は、コンロッド１８の大径端部に形成された挿通孔２０に通され、且つ第１クランク軸半体１２の第１ピン孔２２、第２クランク軸半体１４の第２ピン孔２４に圧入される。 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an essential part of a crankshaft 10 according to the present embodiment. The crankshaft 10 is configured by connecting a first crankshaft half 12 and a second crankshaft half 14 via a crankpin 16. The crank pin 16 is passed through the insertion hole 20 formed at the large diameter end of the connecting rod 18, and the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 and the second of the second crankshaft half 14 It is pressed into the pin hole 24.
　この場合、第１クランク軸半体１２は、第１フランジ部２６及び第１ウェイト部２８を含む円盤形状部３０と、該円盤形状部３０の一端面から円環状に突出して延在する中空軸部３２（第１軸部）とを有する。この中、中空軸部３２には、その軸船方向に沿って、内孔としての大オイル孔３４と、これに連なる第１センタ穴３６とが形成されている。 In this case, the first crankshaft half 12 is a disk-shaped portion 30 including the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28, and a hollow shaft extending in an annular shape from one end surface of the disk-shaped portion 30. And a portion 32 (first shaft portion). Among them, the hollow shaft portion 32 is formed with a large oil hole 34 as an inner hole and a first center hole 36 connected to the large oil hole 34 along the axial ship direction.
　円盤形状部３０は、上記したように、第１フランジ部２６及び第１ウェイト部２８を一体的に有する。前記第１ピン孔２２は、この中の第１フランジ部２６に貫通形成される。第１ピン孔２２と大オイル孔３４には連通オイル孔３８が連通しており、該連通オイル孔３８の第１ピン孔２２側の開口には、クランクピン１６の小オイル孔４０が連通する。クランクピン１６が第１ピン孔２２に圧入された際、該小オイル孔４０は、第１ピン孔２２で開口した連通オイル孔３８に連通する。 The disk shaped portion 30 integrally has the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28 as described above. The first pin hole 22 is formed to penetrate the first flange portion 26 therein. A communication oil hole 38 is in communication with the first pin hole 22 and the large oil hole 34, and a small oil hole 40 of the crank pin 16 is in communication with an opening on the first pin hole 22 side of the communication oil hole 38. . When the crank pin 16 is press-fit into the first pin hole 22, the small oil hole 40 communicates with the communication oil hole 38 opened by the first pin hole 22.
　残余の第２クランク軸半体１４は、第２フランジ部４２及び第２ウェイト部４４を含む円盤形状部４６と、該円盤形状部４６の一端面から円環状に突出して延在する中実軸部４８（第２軸部）とで構成される。なお、第２フランジ部４２には連通オイル孔は形成されていない。 The remaining second crankshaft half body 14 is a solid shaft extending in an annular shape from one end face of the disk-shaped portion 46 including the second flange portion 42 and the second weight portion 44, and the disk-shaped portion 46. And a portion 48 (second shaft portion). The communication oil hole is not formed in the second flange portion 42.
　クランクシャフト１０においては、第１クランク軸半体１２の円盤形状部３０と、第２クランク軸半体１４の円盤形状部４６とが対向する。この際、第１フランジ部２６及び第１ウェイト部２８の各々が、第２フランジ部４２及び第２ウェイト部４４の各々に臨む。このとき、第２フランジ部４２に形成された第２ピン孔２４が前記第１ピン孔２２と対向する。上記したように、この第２ピン孔２４には、クランクピン１６が圧入される。 In the crankshaft 10, the disk-shaped portion 30 of the first crankshaft half 12 and the disk-shaped portion 46 of the second crankshaft half 14 face each other. At this time, each of the first flange portion 26 and the first weight portion 28 faces each of the second flange portion 42 and the second weight portion 44. At this time, the second pin holes 24 formed in the second flange portion 42 face the first pin holes 22. As described above, the crank pin 16 is pressed into the second pin hole 24.
　中実軸部４８は、大オイル孔３４が存在しないこと、及び外径が若干大きいことを除いては、中空軸部３２と略同様に構成されている。すなわち、中実軸部４８には、第２センタ穴５０のみが形成される。 The solid shaft portion 48 is configured substantially the same as the hollow shaft portion 32 except that the large oil hole 34 is not present and the outer diameter is slightly large. That is, only the second center hole 50 is formed in the solid shaft portion 48.
　次に、このクランクシャフト１０の製造方法につき説明する。 Next, a method of manufacturing the crankshaft 10 will be described.
　クランクシャフト１０を構成する第１クランク軸半体１２、第２クランク軸半体１４は、例えば、精密鍛造によって個別に作製される。その後、これら第１クランク軸半体１２、第２クランク軸半体１４に対して調質が施される。 The first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 constituting the crankshaft 10 are individually manufactured by, for example, precision forging. Thereafter, the first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 are conditioned.
　上記のようにして得られた第１クランク軸半体１２の第１ピン孔２２に対し、図２に示すように、クランクピン１６を圧入する。さらに、大オイル孔３４に連通する連通オイル孔３８と、該連通オイル孔３８に連通する小オイル孔４０とを、互いが連なるようにして、第１クランク軸半体１２、クランクピン１６の各々に形成する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the crank pin 16 is press-fit into the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 obtained as described above. Further, the communication oil hole 38 in communication with the large oil hole 34 and the small oil hole 40 in communication with the communication oil hole 38 are connected to each other, and each of the first crankshaft half body 12 and the crank pin 16 is To form.
　次に、第２クランク軸半体１４の第２ピン孔２４に対し、第１クランク軸半体１２の第１ピン孔２２に既に圧入済であるクランクピン１６を圧入する。すなわち、図２に示すように、第１クランク軸半体１２及び第２クランク軸半体１４を、第１フランジ部２６と第２フランジ部４２が対向するようにして配置する。勿論、第１ピン孔２２の位置に対応して第２ピン孔２４を位置させるとともに、クランクピン１６と第２ピン孔２４の間にコンロッド１８の挿通孔２０を介在させる。 Next, the crank pin 16 already press-fit into the first pin hole 22 of the first crankshaft half 12 is press-fit into the second pin hole 24 of the second crankshaft half 14. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the first crank shaft half 12 and the second crank shaft half 14 are disposed such that the first flange portion 26 and the second flange portion 42 face each other. Of course, the second pin hole 24 is positioned corresponding to the position of the first pin hole 22, and the insertion hole 20 of the connecting rod 18 is interposed between the crank pin 16 and the second pin hole 24.
　そして、クランクピン１６を、コンロッド１８の挿通孔２０、第２ピン孔２４の順序で圧入する。これにより、図１に示す構成のクランクシャフト１０が得られる。 Then, the crank pin 16 is press-fit in the order of the insertion hole 20 of the connecting rod 18 and the second pin hole 24. Thereby, the crankshaft 10 of the structure shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
　このようにして組み立てられたクランクシャフト１０における中空軸部３２や中実軸部４８に対し、研削加工を施す。 The hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 of the crankshaft 10 thus assembled are ground.
　作業者は、上記のようにして組み立てられたクランクシャフト１０のコンロッド１８の位置を、円盤形状部３０、４６同士の間に挟まれるように調整する。次に、クランクシャフト１０を、中空軸部３２及び中実軸部４８を挟持することで保持及び位置決め固定する。このためには、図３に示すように、第１センタ穴３６及び第２センタ穴５０の各々に挟持用のバー６０、６２を挿入すればよい。 The operator adjusts the position of the connecting rod 18 of the crankshaft 10 assembled as described above so as to be sandwiched between the disc-shaped portions 30 and 46. Next, the crankshaft 10 is held and positioned and fixed by sandwiching the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 3, holding bars 60 and 62 may be inserted into each of the first center hole 36 and the second center hole 50.
　この状態で研削加工を行うようにしてもよいが、コンロッド１８、円盤形状部３０、４６を保持し、その後に研削加工を施すことが好ましい。この場合、クランクシャフト１０が振動することが抑制されるので、研削加工を精度よく実施することができるようになるからである。 Grinding may be performed in this state, but it is preferable to hold the connecting rod 18 and the disk-shaped portions 30 and 46 and then perform grinding. In this case, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the crankshaft 10, so that the grinding process can be performed with high accuracy.
　このようにして保持されたクランクシャフト１０を、次に、回転動作させる。なお、クランクシャフト１０は、例えば、第１センタ穴３６及び第２センタ穴５０に挿入されたバー６０、６２が回転動作されることに追従して回転動作する。又は、円盤形状部３０、４６を保持した保持機構を回転動作させることによってクランクシャフト１０を回転動作させるようにしてもよい。 The crankshaft 10 thus held is then rotationally operated. The crankshaft 10 rotates in accordance with, for example, the rotation of the bars 60 and 62 inserted into the first center hole 36 and the second center hole 50. Alternatively, the crankshaft 10 may be rotated by rotating the holding mechanism holding the disk-shaped portions 30 and 46.
　いずれの場合においても、クランクシャフト１０が回転動作するために円盤形状部３０、４６、及びこれらに連なる中空軸部３２、中実軸部４８が回転動作する。 In either case, the disk-shaped portions 30, 46 and the hollow shaft portion 32 and the solid shaft portion 48 connected to these rotate in order for the crankshaft 10 to rotate.
　このようにして回転動作したクランクシャフト１０の中空軸部３２、中実軸部４８の基端部や本体等に対し、砥石６４、６６による研削加工が施される。 The hollow shaft portion 32 of the crankshaft 10, the base end portion of the solid shaft portion 48, the main body, etc. of the crankshaft 10 thus rotated are subjected to grinding with the grindstones 64, 66.
　このように、本実施の形態においては、第１クランク軸半体１２及び第２クランク軸半体１４から組み立てられたクランクシャフト１０の中空軸部３２及び中実軸部４８に対して研削加工を施すようにしている。従って、クランクシャフト１０として組み立てられる以前の中空軸部３２、中実軸部４８の各々に対して個別に研削加工を施す場合に比して、中空軸部３２と中実軸部４８との間で芯同士の位置を合致させることが容易となる。すなわち、中空軸部３２と中実軸部４８との間に芯ズレが発生することを容易に回避することができる。 Thus, in the present embodiment, the hollow shaft portion 32 and the solid shaft portion 48 of the crankshaft 10 assembled from the first crankshaft half 12 and the second crankshaft half 14 are ground. I am trying to apply it. Accordingly, between the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 as compared to the case where the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 are separately ground before being assembled as the crankshaft 10. Makes it easy to match the positions of the cores. That is, the occurrence of misalignment between the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48 can be easily avoided.
　結局、本実施の形態によれば、クランクシャフト１０の加工精度が向上する。換言すれば、寸法精度に優れるクランクシャフト１０が得られる。このため、研削加工時の研削量が僅かとなるとともに、その後に仕上げ加工を別途行って中空軸部３２と中実軸部４８の芯出しを行う必要がなくなる。その結果、加工工程数が低減するので、クランクシャフト１０の生産効率が向上する。さらに、クランクシャフト１０の歩留まりが向上する。 As a result, according to the present embodiment, the processing accuracy of the crankshaft 10 is improved. In other words, the crankshaft 10 excellent in dimensional accuracy can be obtained. Therefore, the amount of grinding at the time of grinding becomes small, and it is not necessary to separately perform finishing after that to center the hollow shaft 32 and the solid shaft 48. As a result, since the number of processing steps is reduced, the production efficiency of the crankshaft 10 is improved. Furthermore, the yield of the crankshaft 10 is improved.
　研削加工が終了した後は、上記とは逆の過程を経ることで、クランクシャフト１０が全ての拘束から解放された状態となる。 After the grinding process is completed, the crankshaft 10 is released from all restraints by going through the process reverse to the above.
　なお、本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。 The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the scope of the invention.
　例えば、上記した実施の形態では、クランクシャフト１０を回転動作させるようにしているが、クランクシャフト１０を回転動作させることなく、砥石６４、６６をクランクシャフト１０の外周に沿って周回動作させるようにしてもよい。 For example, although the crankshaft 10 is operated to rotate in the above-described embodiment, the grinding wheels 64 and 66 are operated to orbit along the outer periphery of the crankshaft 10 without operating the crankshaft 10. May be
　また、この実施の形態では、円盤形状部３０と中空軸部３２が一体的に形成された単一部材としての第１クランク軸半体１２と、円盤形状部４６と中実軸部４８が一体的に形成された単一部材としての第２クランク軸半体１４とでクランクシャフト１０を構成し、該クランクシャフト１０に対して研削加工を行うようにしているが、図４に示すように、第１フランジ部材７０に対して中空軸部材７２を接合して得られた第１クランク軸半体７４と、第２フランジ部材７６に対して中実軸部材７８を接合して得られた第２クランク軸半体８０とでクランクシャフト８２を構成し、該クランクシャフト８２の中空軸部材７２、中実軸部材７８に対して研削加工を行うようにしてもよい。 Further, in this embodiment, the first crankshaft half 12 as a single member in which the disk-shaped portion 30 and the hollow shaft portion 32 are integrally formed, and the disk-shaped portion 46 and the solid shaft portion 48 are integrated. The crankshaft 10 is configured by the second crankshaft half 14 as a single united member, and the crankshaft 10 is subjected to grinding processing, as shown in FIG. A first crankshaft half 74 obtained by joining the hollow shaft member 72 to the first flange member 70, and a second obtained by joining the solid shaft member 78 to the second flange member 76 The crankshaft 82 may be configured by the crankshaft half body 80, and the hollow shaft member 72 of the crankshaft 82 and the solid shaft member 78 may be ground.

Claims (6)

  1. 　少なくとも第１軸部（３２）及び第２軸部（４８）を有し、且つコネクティングロッド（１８）が取り付けられたクランクシャフト（１０）の製造方法であって、
    　前記第１軸部（３２）に連なる第１ウェイト部（２８）を含む部材（１２）と、前記第２軸部（４８）に連なる第２ウェイト部（４４）を含む部材（１４）とを、前記コネクティングロッド（１８）が通されたクランクピン（１６）で連結してクランクシャフト（１０）を組み立てる工程と、
    　前記第１軸部（３２）及び前記第２軸部（４８）に対して研削加工を施す工程と、
    　を有することを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）の製造方法。     A method of manufacturing a crankshaft (10) having at least a first shaft (32) and a second shaft (48) and having a connecting rod (18) attached thereto,
    A member (12) including a first weight portion (28) connected to the first shaft portion (32), and a member (14) including a second weight portion (44) connected to the second shaft portion (48) Assembling the crank shaft (10) by connecting the connecting rod (18) with a crank pin (16) through which the connecting rod (18) is passed;
    Grinding the first shaft portion (32) and the second shaft portion (48);
    A manufacturing method of a crankshaft (10) characterized by having.
  2. 　請求項１記載の製造方法において、前記クランクシャフト（１０）を回転させることで前記第１軸部（３２）及び前記第２軸部（４８）を回転させ、この状態で研削加工を施すことを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）の製造方法。 The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the first shaft (32) and the second shaft (48) are rotated by rotating the crankshaft (10), and grinding is performed in this state. A method of manufacturing a crankshaft (10) characterized by the present invention.
  3. 　請求項１又は２記載の製造方法において、前記第１ウェイト部（２８）を含む前記部材（１２）と、前記第２ウェイト部（４４）を含む前記部材（１４）とを保持して研削加工を施すことを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）の製造方法。 The manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the member (12) including the first weight portion (28) and the member (14) including the second weight portion (44) are held and ground. And manufacturing a crankshaft (10).
  4. 　請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の製造方法において、さらに、前記コネクティングロッド（１８）を挟持して研削加工を施すことを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）の製造方法。 The method of manufacturing a crankshaft (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: holding the connecting rod (18) for grinding.
  5. 　少なくとも第１軸部（３２）及び第２軸部（４８）を有し、且つコネクティングロッド（１８）が取り付けられたクランクシャフト（１０）であって、
    　前記第１軸部（３２）に連なる第１ウェイト部（２８）を含む部材（１２）と、前記第２軸部（４８）に連なる第２ウェイト部（４４）を含む部材（１４）とが、前記コネクティングロッド（１８）が通されたクランクピン（１６）で連結された状態で、前記第１軸部（３２）及び前記第２軸部（４８）に対して研削加工が施されたことを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）。     A crankshaft (10) having at least a first shaft portion (32) and a second shaft portion (48) and having a connecting rod (18) attached thereto,
    A member (12) including a first weight (28) connected to the first shaft (32), and a member (14) including a second weight (44) connected to the second shaft (48) A grinding process is performed on the first shaft portion (32) and the second shaft portion (48) in a state in which the connecting rod (18) is connected by a crank pin (16) through which the connecting rod (18) passes Crankshaft (10) characterized by
  6. 　請求項５記載のクランクシャフト（１０）において、前記第１軸部（３２）及び前記第２軸部（４８）に対する研削加工が、該第１軸部（３２）及び該第２軸部（４８）が回転動作する最中に施されたことを特徴とするクランクシャフト（１０）。 The crankshaft (10) according to claim 5, wherein the first shaft (32) and the second shaft (48) are ground with respect to the first shaft (32) and the second shaft (48). Crankshaft (10) characterized in that it is applied during the rotational movement of the.
PCT/JP2012/061219 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 Crankshaft and manufacturing method for same WO2013161035A1 (en)

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BR112014000847A BR112014000847A2 (en) 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 crankshaft and method for manufacturing it
PCT/JP2012/061219 WO2013161035A1 (en) 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 Crankshaft and manufacturing method for same

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JPS63147920U (en) * 1987-03-04 1988-09-29
JPH01303309A (en) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-07 Komatsu Ltd Manufacture of crank shaft
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