WO2013155873A1 - 一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 - Google Patents

一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013155873A1
WO2013155873A1 PCT/CN2013/000438 CN2013000438W WO2013155873A1 WO 2013155873 A1 WO2013155873 A1 WO 2013155873A1 CN 2013000438 W CN2013000438 W CN 2013000438W WO 2013155873 A1 WO2013155873 A1 WO 2013155873A1
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Prior art keywords
power generation
wind
solar
integrated
wind power
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PCT/CN2013/000438
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘阳
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北京兆阳能源技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2013155873A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013155873A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/708—Photoelectric means, i.e. photovoltaic or solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined power generation system for wind power generation and solar power generation. Background technique
  • Wind energy is inexhaustible and inexhaustible. Rational use of wind energy can reduce environmental pollution and alleviate the pressure caused by the growing energy shortage. 75% of China's power supply structure is coal-fired thermal power. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as co 2 and mitigate global warming, it is one of the effective measures to develop renewable energy such as wind power.
  • China's wind resources are mainly distributed in the two major winds: First, the "Three North Regions" (Northeast, North China and Northwest China), including the three northeastern provinces and the nearly 200Km wide areas of Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Cambodia, Xinjiang and other provinces.
  • the wind energy reserves that can be developed and utilized are about 200 million kW, accounting for about 79% of the country's available reserves.
  • the wind farm in this area has a flat terrain, convenient transportation and no destructive wind speed. It is the largest contiguous wind energy resource area in China, which is conducive to large-scale development of wind farms. At the same time, the solar energy resources in this area are also abundant. Second, the eastern coastal land , islands and nearshore waters.
  • the rotor blades of the new generation of more efficient megawatt wind turbines range in diameter from 90 m (2.5 MWe) to 100 m (3.6 MWe), and the height of the support tower supporting these rotor blades and generators is even higher, at most 150 meters.
  • the portion of the support tower from the lower edge of the rotor blade to the ground still has a considerable height, and no other utilization is currently available in this section.
  • wind speed and wind direction change at any time, so no matter which type of wind turbine can not change the instability problem of frequent changes in power generation, it will impact the power grid when it is used on a large scale. The characteristics restrict the large-scale development of wind power.
  • CSP Concentrating Solar Power
  • the very important advantage of CSP is that it can store energy (thermal energy) at a low cost of 4 ,, thus stabilizing the output power, and can adjust the output power at any time according to the grid demand, without having to rely on the current light intensity (even 24 hours a day, on demand)
  • the output power) is therefore a potential stable power supply for the grid.
  • the CSP system consists of an endothermic, heat transfer, heat storage and heat transfer part.
  • the common CSP system has a trough, tower, dish and Fresnel array method, in which the tower CSP has high temperature parameters, light, heat and electricity conversion effects.
  • the advantages are high, but there is still a problem of high cost.
  • the cost of the tower center receiving tower is an important part of it. Lowering the construction cost of the receiving tower can enhance the competitiveness of the tower CSP.
  • the distributed tower CSP technology It has developed rapidly. The main feature is to replace the previous single large receiving tower with several small receiving towers, and reduce the size of each group of heliostats, which has a great competitive advantage.
  • the power generation power of each small receiving tower is generally about 1-5 MW, which is similar to the current wind power single unit power.
  • Concentrated Photovoltaic is a new type of photovoltaic power generation technology that can save battery consumption. By concentrating sunlight on photovoltaic cells, it can save battery and reduce cost. In this CPV system, the cost of collecting light accounts for the majority of the total system cost, and only the significant reduction in the cost of collecting light can achieve the long-term development of the CPV system.
  • Direct-drive wind turbines generally use a full-power converter to convert the generated power to obtain AC output power that meets the grid standard; the PV system performs related processing through the inverter.
  • Wind power converters and photovoltaic inverters have great similarities in the main circuit structure, all of which are high frequency inverter circuits and can be shared.
  • the doubly-fed fan generally outputs three-phase alternating current through the generator and is connected to the grid through the step-up transformer.
  • the photothermal power generation generally drives the generator to obtain the three-phase AC power output through the heat engine.
  • the two may borrow and supplement each other and use the same
  • the grid-connected control circuit merges and outputs the grid-connected power, and at the same time, the stable power convergence output of the wind power and the solar thermal power generation can be further realized.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solution for the integrated integration of wind power generation and solar power generation, and the system using the solution has the advantages of wind power generation and solar power generation, and utilizes the advantages of the two power generation capabilities to achieve large-scale development, utilizing wind power.
  • Support tower charging installation device using the heat storage capacity of the CSP system to stabilize the total power output of the composite integrated power generation system, some components in the system can be utilized by both power generation capabilities, thereby reducing some overlapping configurations , reducing construction costs. This is a power generation system with low cost, high reliability, and stable output power.
  • the invention provides a wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system; mainly comprising at least one wind power generation subsystem and at least one solar power generation subsystem; wherein the at least one wind power generation subsystem support tower A receiving device of the solar power generation subsystem is arranged on the cylinder, and the solar power generated by the concentrating system is received.
  • the integrated composite power generation system further includes a power supply convergence processing device, and the power generation (wind power) generated by the wind power generation subsystem and the power generation (photovoltaic) generated by the solar power generation subsystem are combined and output through the power supply convergence processing device.
  • the power convergence processing device includes a power distribution circuit and an inverter circuit, and can convert the input power of the wind power and the photoelectricity according to wind, light conditions and output requirements to obtain the electric energy of the required output parameter.
  • the power supply convergence processing device includes one of an inverter circuit or a grid connection control device and a power distribution circuit.
  • the power convergence processing device further includes a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) circuit when receiving the power of the photovoltaic cell receiving device to improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
  • the power source convergence processing device has an automatic power distribution adjustment function, and the parameter fluctuation of the wind power is compensated by adjusting the output power of the photothermal power generation, so that the combined output power parameter is stabilized.
  • the single power supply processing device is connected to the at least one wind power generation source and the at least one solar power generation source; preferably, the plurality of the wind power generation sources and one of the photothermal power sources are correspondingly connected to the power source convergence processing device .
  • the receiving device of the solar power generation subsystem is disposed outside the support tower below the tip of the rotor blade when it is rotated.
  • the solar power generation subsystem is a photovoltaic power generation system, a photothermal power generation system, or a hybrid system of the two.
  • the receiving device of the solar power generation subsystem is disposed at a position as high as possible below the lowest reach of the tip end when the rotor blade rotates.
  • the receiving device of the photovoltaic power generation system is a photovoltaic cell receiving device;
  • the photovoltaic cell used in the photovoltaic cell device is a concentrating photovoltaic cell, such as a concentrating single crystal battery or a gallium arsenide battery.
  • the receiving device of the CSP system includes an absorbing structure and an auxiliary concentrator,
  • the auxiliary concentrator is disposed outside the absorbing structure, and the receiving device of the solar power generation subsystem is annularly disposed around the outside of the support tower.
  • the auxiliary concentrator is a movable structure, which can be opened and closed; in the non-endothermic working state, the receiving window of the heat absorbing structure can be closed to reduce radiation and convection loss of heat from the receiving window.
  • the auxiliary concentrator is a movable structure, which can be opened and closed; in the non-endothermic state, the auxiliary concentrator can be turned off to reduce radiation and convection loss from the receiving window.
  • the photothermal power generation system includes an energy storage device.
  • part or all of the energy storage device is integrally arranged with the receiving device on the supporting tower of the wind power generation, and performs solar light heat absorption and direct storage.
  • the energy storage device includes a heat storage tank, a heat storage medium inside the heat storage tank, and a heat exchange structure, wherein the heat exchange structure is disposed in a heat storage medium inside the heat storage tank, and flows through the heat exchange structure
  • the internal heat exchange medium regulates the input and output of the heat inside the energy storage device.
  • the solar power generation subsystem includes a cooling device disposed outside the wind support tower.
  • the cooling device is disposed at an outer wall of the wind power support tower above the position of the receiving device.
  • the cooling device of the solar power generation subsystem is an air cooling device or an inactive forced convection air cooling device disposed on an outer wall of the wind power support tower; wherein the cooling device of the photovoltaic power generation system is used for cooling the photovoltaic cell;
  • the cooling device of the system is used to cool the heat engine, which may be a generator set, such as a steam turbine.
  • the integrated hybrid power generation system may utilize the heat storage power generation by the power source convergence processing device and the energy storage device of the photothermal power generation system in the absence of suitable solar illumination conditions (eg, cloudy, night), The output power is scheduled and adjusted to realize the peaking power function.
  • suitable solar illumination conditions eg, cloudy, night
  • the integrated composite power generation system can utilize the power supply convergence processing device and the energy storage device of the photothermal power generation system to utilize the heat storage power generation in the absence of suitable solar illumination conditions to stably compensate the fluctuation of the wind power parameter. Adjust to achieve the function of stabilizing the power supply.
  • a lifting device is arranged on the outer side of the supporting tower for lifting and lowering the receiving device, the energy storage device, the cooling device, etc., which conveniently and saves the installation, construction and operation and maintenance cost of the integrated power generation system.
  • the technology of the present invention has the following advantages: 1.
  • the integrated composite system of the present invention can use an integrated device for wind power generation and solar power generation, and uses solar energy at a low cost without a certain impact on wind power generation, thereby achieving a better economy. 2.
  • Wind power, photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal power generation under the action of power supply convergence processing device compensate for the fluctuation of wind power parameters, and achieve stable output of required parameter power; 3.
  • the device can coordinate the work, dispatch and adjust the output power, and implement the peak shaving output of the power supply; 4.
  • the receiving device and the energy storage device of the solar power subsystem are arranged on the supporting tower of the wind power subsystem, reducing the solar power subsystem
  • the construction cost of the original supporting device especially reducing the construction cost of the supporting device of the tower type photothermal power generation system
  • the cooling device of the solar power generation subsystem is an air cooling device, and is arranged in the support tower of the wind power generation subsystem. On the barrel, this position is higher than the traditional practice, with a larger wind Speed, reducing the power consumption of traditional air cooling devices, and even the use of non-active forced convection air cooling devices, completely saving the power consumption of traditional cooling devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system device according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing a third embodiment of the integrated power generation system for wind power generation and solar power generation according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system device according to the present invention; as shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1; mainly includes a wind power generation subsystem 2 And a solar power generation subsystem 3; the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a tower type photothermal power generation system, and the tower type photothermal power generation system receiving device 10 is disposed at a position of the support tower 4 of the wind power generation subsystem 2, and receives the aggregate Solar power generated by the convergence of light systems.
  • the energy storage device 6 is disposed in the wind power support tower 4 Near the bottom, the receiving device 10 is arranged at the middle position of the wind power support tower 4, and the high end is the rotor blade 5 of the wind power generation subsystem 2, the rotor blade 5 receives the wind energy on the support tower for wind energy generation;
  • the central receiving device 10 is entirely a cavity receiver structure or an annular array collector tube receiver structure, receiving sunlight from a heliostat 9 mirror disposed on the ground, and the receiving device 10 heats the sunlight.
  • the inside of the energy storage device 6 disposed at a position near the bottom of the support tower 4 requires less heat exchange pipes and less heat loss during transmission;
  • the wind power generation subsystem 2 takes the wind resources of the power plant to generate electricity, and
  • the solar thermal power system takes the solar energy resources of the power plant to generate electricity, and the resources of the two do not interact with each other;
  • the integrated composite power generation system 1 includes a power supply convergence processing device 8 , and the wind power generation subsystem 2 generates electricity (wind power) and The power generation (photovoltaic) of the solar power generation subsystem 3 is combined and output through the power source convergence processing device 8; the power source is merged
  • the processing device 8 includes one of an inverter circuit or a grid-connected control device and a power distribution circuit, and can convert the wind power and the photoelectric input according to wind, light conditions and output requirements to obtain electric energy of a desired output parameter;
  • the power convergence processing device 8 has an automatic power distribution adjustment function, which can compensate for the fluctuation of the wind power parameter by adjusting the solar
  • the outer side of the supporting tower of the integrated composite power generation system is provided with lifting devices for lifting and receiving devices, energy storage devices, cooling devices, etc., which facilitates and saves the installation, construction and operation costs of the integrated power generation system;
  • lifting devices for lifting and receiving devices, energy storage devices, cooling devices, etc.
  • the external installation of the integrated power generation system will greatly reduce the operation of installation and maintenance. Difficulty, reducing installation and operating expenses.
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1 mainly includes at least one wind power generation subsystem 2 and at least one set The solar power generation subsystem 3;
  • the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a tower type photothermal power generation system, and the tower type photothermal power generation system includes a receiving device 10, a concentrating system 9, and an energy storage device 6, and the concentrating light in this embodiment
  • the system is specifically a heliostat.
  • the wind power subsystem 2 comprises a support tower 4, a rotor blade 5 arranged on the upper part of the support tower 4.
  • the receiving device 10 is inlaid on the supporting tower 4 of the wind power generation subsystem 2, and receives the sunlight concentrated by the concentrating system of the solar power generation subsystem 3.
  • the energy storage device 6 is disposed in the support tower 4 The position near the ground of the bottom; the receiving device 10 is arranged at a middle position of the wind power support tower 4, and the middle position may be at a position of 1/3 to 2/3 of the height of the tower of the tower 4, for example, the support tower 4
  • the length of the tower body is X meters, and the middle section position may be (l/3)x ⁇ (2/3)x from the ground; and the rotor blades 5 of the wind power generation subsystem 2 are arranged at the height of the support tower 4.
  • the segment position which can be from the ground (2/3) X or more.
  • the rotor blade 5 receives the wind energy on the support tower 4 for wind power generation;
  • the receiving device 10 is entirely a cavity receiver structure or an annular array collector tube receiver structure, and receives the heliostat 9 disposed on the ground.
  • the reflected sunlight transmits the heat of the sunlight to the inside of the energy storage device 6 disposed near the bottom of the support tower 4, and the tower photothermal power generation system can fully utilize the optical path for heat transfer, so Compared with the conventional trough type CSP system, the required heat exchange pipes are less, and the heat loss during the transmission is less; the wind power generation subsystem 2 takes the wind resources of the power plant to generate electricity, and The solar thermal power system takes the solar energy resources of the power plant to generate electricity, and the resources of the two do not affect each other.
  • the integrated power generation system 1 for wind power generation and solar power generation includes a power supply convergence processing device 8, and the power generation (wind power) of the wind power generation subsystem 2 and the power generation (photovoltaic) of the solar power generation subsystem 3 are processed by power supply convergence.
  • the device 8 combines the output;
  • the power convergence processing device 8 includes one of an inverter circuit or a grid-connected control device and a power distribution circuit, and can convert the wind power and the photoelectric input according to wind, light conditions and output requirements.
  • the power supply processing device 8 has an automatic power distribution adjustment function, which can compensate for the fluctuation of the wind power parameter by adjusting the power of the solar thermal power generation, so that the combined output electrical parameters are stabilized.
  • the integrated power generation system for wind power generation and solar power generation of the embodiment 1 is There is a solar power generation subsystem 3, which can achieve better functions.
  • the wind energy is slightly weaker during the daytime, and the wind energy can be compensated for by the solar energy during the day.
  • the solar heat storage heat can be utilized.
  • the wind energy output is too small, the solar energy implements a large electric energy output, and the wind energy is filled with valleys to stabilize the output.
  • the solar energy implements a smaller output.
  • the storage of large energy the peak energy is eliminated; and when the wind energy is large at night, the heat inside the heat storage tank can be appropriately adjusted, so that the two can be well avoided. Negative effects such as grid vibration caused by unstable output.
  • the outer side of the support tower 4 of the wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system 1 is provided with a lifting device (not shown) for lifting and lowering the receiving device, the energy storage device, the cooling device, etc., to facilitate and save wind power.
  • a lifting device (not shown) for lifting and lowering the receiving device, the energy storage device, the cooling device, etc., to facilitate and save wind power.
  • the integrated power generation system for wind power generation and solar power generation 1 will have more high-altitude installation and operation and maintenance process after installation, and The cost of installing a large crane every time is very high; the external installation of the wind power and solar power integrated power generation system 1 will greatly reduce the difficulty of installation and maintenance operations, and reduce installation and operation costs.
  • the energy storage device 6 of the solar thermal power generation subsystem includes a heat storage tank, a heat storage medium inside the heat storage tank, and a heat exchange structure, and the heat exchange structure is arranged in the heat storage medium inside the heat storage tank, and flows through The heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange structure performs input and output adjustment on the heat inside the energy storage device 6.
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system 1 is operated by the power supply convergence processing device 8 and the energy storage device 6 to implement power mixing peak shaving or power supply stable output of the integrated hybrid power generation system, without proper solar lighting conditions.
  • the heat storage power generation is used to adjust the output electric energy to realize the peaking power supply function; and the fluctuation of the wind power parameter is stably compensated and adjusted to realize the function of stabilizing the power supply. For example, suppose that the preset power to be output by the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1 is 5 MWe.
  • the preset minimum threshold may be 1.5 MWe, and the photothermal power generation is turned on 3.5 MWe.
  • the input of the photothermal power generation into the steam turbine unit is adjusted.
  • the amount of steam, excess heat is stored in the energy storage device 6 for nighttime use; when the nighttime wind power output parameter is large, for example, greater than the preset maximum threshold, the preset maximum threshold may be 3 MWe, and the energy storage device 6 is turned on.
  • the thermal system performs photothermal heat storage to balance the 5MWe mixed output.
  • the solar thermal power generation subsystem 3 uses a heat engine to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, since the heat engine itself has only about 30 to 40% of the heat engine efficiency, and most of the heat passes through the cooling device (the figure is not sent to the outside of the system)
  • the cooling device of the embodiment 1 is an air cooling device (middle The country's solar energy resources and wind resource-rich areas are mostly water-deficient areas), which are arranged on the outer wall of the high-end position of the supporting tower 4 (the highest possible position below the tip of the rotor blade when the rotor blade rotates), and the cooling device is off the ground.
  • the higher the wind speed is, the further, the air cooling device is an inactive forced convection air cooling device, which does not require the use of a cooling fan, and does not have the problem of fan power consumption caused by active forced convection cooling.
  • the embodiment can be arranged and installed on a large scale, and each wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system has a wind power generation subsystem 2 corresponding to the wind support tower, and has one installed in the support tower
  • the single-group integrated power generation system has a power supply processing device for power distribution and inverter processing of the power supply; and a plurality of composite integrated devices can also be implemented. That is, multiple sets of wind power generation subsystems and multiple sets of solar power generation subsystems correspond to a set of power supply convergence processing devices for power supply distribution and inverter processing.
  • the embodiment 1 can be arranged and installed on a large scale, and each wind power generation and solar power generation integrated integrated power generation system 1 has at least one set of support towers 4, and has a mounting on each of the support towers 4.
  • a receiving device 10 the single-group integrated power generation system has a power supply processing device 8 for distributing and inverting power generated by the wind power and the photoelectric power; the single power supply processing device 8 is connected to at least one wind power source and at least A solar power source; a plurality of sets of composite integrated devices, that is, a plurality of sets of wind power generation subsystems and a plurality of sets of solar power generation subsystems corresponding to a group of power source convergence processing devices for power supply power distribution and power source inverter processing.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system device according to the present invention; as shown in FIG. 2, the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1; mainly includes a wind power generation subsystem 2 And a solar power generation subsystem 3; the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a tower type photothermal power generation system, and part or all of the energy storage device 6 of the tower type photothermal power generation system and the receiving device 10 are arranged in the wind power generation subsystem
  • the support tower 4 of the specific position of the receiving tower 4 receives sunlight from the concentrating system to generate electricity.
  • the energy storage device 6 is disposed inside the middle wind power support tower 4; the receiving device 10 is disposed outside the support tower 4 at a corresponding position of the energy storage device; specifically, the receiving device 10 is arranged When the rotor blade 5 rotates, the tip end of the support tower 4 below the lowest position of the rotor blade 5 is arranged annularly around the outer side of the support tower 4, and includes an auxiliary concentrator disposed outside the absorbing structure and the absorbing structure;
  • the rotor blade 5 of the wind power subsystem is arranged at a position, the rotor blade receives wind energy on the support tower for wind energy generation;
  • the receiving device receives sunlight from the mirror of the heliostat 9 arranged on the ground, the receiving device 10 transferring the heat of the sunlight to the interior of the energy storage device 6 disposed at the corresponding position, requiring less heat exchange pipes and less heat loss during the transmission;
  • the auxiliary concentrator of the receiving device is an active structure, In the non-absorbent operating state, the receiving window of
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1 mainly includes at least one wind power generation device.
  • the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a tower type photothermal power generation system, and the energy storage device 6 and the receiving device 10 of the tower type photothermal power generation system are both arranged in the wind power generation
  • the support tower 4 of the electronic system 2 is in a specific position, for example, the energy storage device 6 is disposed at a position 2/3 to 3/4 of the tower of the support tower 4; the energy storage device 6 may be located near the bottom ground of the support tower 4, receiving The device 10 is located at 2/3 of the tower supporting the tower 4.
  • the energy storage device 6 is disposed inside the 2/3 to 3/4 position of the support tower 4; the receiving device 10 is disposed outside the support tower 4 at the corresponding position of the energy storage device 6, That is, the inside of the supporting tower 4 has an energy storage device 6 , and the receiving device 10 is disposed outside the energy storage device 6; specifically, the receiving device 10 is arranged at a support tower below the lowest position at which the tip end of the rotor blade 5 is rotated.
  • the outer side of the cylinder 4 is annularly arranged around the outer side of the support tower 4, and the receiving device 10 is specifically an absorption tube arranged in a plurality of annular arrays and an auxiliary concentrator disposed outside the absorption tube of the plurality of annular arrays, specifically, for example, a rotor
  • the receiving device 10 can be arranged outside the support tower 4 and the distance from the ground is less than or equal to the s height, that is, the receiving device 10 is arranged on the support.
  • the outer side of the tower 4 and the distance from the ground is less than or equal to the lowest position reached by the tip of the rotor blade 5 when rotated; and the rotor blade 5 is disposed above the receiving device 10, the rotor
  • the sheet 5 receives the wind energy on the support tower 4 for wind power generation; the receiving device 10 receives the reflected sunlight from the heliostats 9 arranged on the ground, and the receiving device 10 transmits the heat of the sunlight to the corresponding position.
  • the tower type photothermal power generation system can fully utilize the optical path for heat transfer, less heat transfer pipes are required than the heat collecting pipes in the ordinary trough type photothermal power generation system, and the transmission process is small.
  • the heat loss is less; further, the auxiliary concentrator of the receiving device 10 is a movable structure, and in the non-absorption working state, The auxiliary concentrator can be actively turned off to reduce heat radiation and convection losses from the receiving window to the outside.
  • a specific embodiment a wind power generation subsystem 2 having a rotor blade diameter of 80 meters, a support tower height of 80 meters, a wind power generation power of the wind power generation subsystem 2 of 2 MWe, and a rotor blade lower edge at 40 meters, that is, a rotor The lower edge of the blade is located 40 meters away from the ground.
  • the receiving device of the tower power system is arranged at 40 meters, corresponding to 20,000 square meters of heliostat field, designed with 2MWe power photothermal (with 3-4 hours of heat storage).
  • the power of the wind power generator is 3MW
  • the height of the corresponding supporting tower is 100m
  • the diameter of the corresponding rotor blade is 90m
  • the receiving position of the fixed tower type solar thermal power generation system is 55 meters
  • the tower corresponding The square receiving area is about 48,000 square meters, which can generate about 3MW of solar power (3-4 hours of power generation time).
  • the power of the wind power generator is 3MWe
  • the height of the corresponding supporting tower is 100m
  • the diameter of the corresponding rotor blade is 90m
  • the receiving position of the branched tower type solar thermal power generation system is 55 meters, that is, the tower type
  • the receiving position of the CSP system is 55 meters from the ground
  • the corresponding mirror receiving area of the tower is about 48,000 square meters, which can generate about 3MWe of solar power (3-4 hours of power generation time).
  • the second embodiment has the heat storage structure, the cooling device, and the power source converging processing device described in the first embodiment, and can perform the same or similar operational effects such as large-scale array arrangement, and FIG. 3 is not the wind of the present invention.
  • the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system device as shown in FIG.
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system 1 mainly includes the wind power generation subsystem 2 and the solar power generation subsystem 3;
  • the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a photovoltaic power generation system, and the receiving device 10 of the photovoltaic power generation system is disposed at a specific position of the support tower 4 of the wind power generation subsystem, and receives solar power generated by the concentrating system, specifically for arranging
  • the receiving device 10 may be a flat photovoltaic cell device or a concentrating photovoltaic cell device; a photovoltaic cell used for the concentrating photovoltaic device such as a concentrating single crystal Battery, GaAs battery.
  • the concentrating photovoltaic cell device is disposed on the outer side of the supporting tower, and receives sunlight from the solar mirror field mirror or the heliostat to obtain high-power sunlight convergence; further, the photovoltaic cell receiving device includes a cooling device
  • the cooling device is an air cooling device, and preferably, the air cooling device performs an unforced convection air cooling operation.
  • the cooling device of the photovoltaic receiving device is disposed on the outer wall of the wind power supporting tower above the photovoltaic cell receiving device to obtain a better cooling effect.
  • the integrated hybrid power generation system includes a power supply convergence processing device 8, and the power generation (wind power) generated by the wind power generation subsystem and the power generation (photoelectric) generated by the solar power generation subsystem are combined and output through the power supply processing device 8.
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated power generation system 1 mainly includes at least one wind power generation device.
  • the solar power generation subsystem 3 is a photovoltaic power generation system, and the receiving device 10 of the photovoltaic power generation system is disposed at a specific position of the support tower 4 of the wind power generation subsystem, and receives
  • the solar power generated by the concentrating system is specifically disposed outside the support tower 4 below the tip of the rotor blade 5 at a minimum position, and the receiving device 10 may be a flat photovoltaic device or a concentrating photovoltaic device; Photovoltaic cells used in photovoltaic cell devices such as concentrating single crystal cells and gallium arsenide cells.
  • the concentrating photovoltaic cell device is disposed on the outer side of the support tower 4, and receives sunlight from a solar mirror field mirror or heliostat (refer to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, reference numeral 9) to obtain high-power sunlight.
  • the photovoltaic cell receiving device includes a cooling device, for example, the cooling device is an air cooling device, and preferably, the air cooling device performs an unforced convective air cooling operation.
  • the cooling device of the photovoltaic receiving device is disposed on the outer wall of the supporting tower 4 at the upper portion of the photovoltaic cell receiving device to obtain a more excellent cooling effect.
  • the wind power generation and solar power integrated integrated power generation system 1 further includes a power supply convergence processing device 8, and the power generation (wind power) of the wind power generation subsystem 2 and the power generation (photovoltaic) of the solar power generation subsystem 3 pass The power supply processing device 8 combines the outputs.
  • the composite integrated device of the third embodiment includes a power supply convergence processing device 8, which includes at least a power distribution circuit and an inverter circuit and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit, which can be applied to wind power according to wind, light conditions and output requirements.
  • the photoelectric input is transformed to obtain electrical energy of the desired output parameter; and the MPPT circuit is used to increase the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cell.
  • MPPT maximum power point tracking
  • the solar power generation subsystem of the composite integrated device is photovoltaic A hybrid system of electrical systems, solar thermal power generation systems, or both, for the comprehensive utilization of wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and solar thermal power generation systems.

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Abstract

一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统（1）包括至少一套风力发电子系统（2）、至少一套太阳能发电子系统（3）和电源汇合处理装置（8）。所述至少一套风力发电子系统（2）的支撑塔筒（4）上布置所述太阳能发电子系统（3）的接收装置（10），所述接收装置（10）接收聚光系统（9）汇聚的太阳光发电。通过所述电源汇合处理装置（8）将所述风力发电子系统（2）所发电能和所述太阳能发电子系统（3）所发电能进行合并输出。所述一体化复合发电系统（1）具有低的建设成本、可实施多种电源的合并稳定输出，且能综合利用场地，以适应中国的风场和广场大多重叠的地理特点。

Description

一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 技术领域 本发明涉及一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统。 背景技术
风能取之不竭，耗之不尽。 合理利用风能， 既可减少环境污染,又可减轻 越来越大的能源短缺所造成的压力。 我国电源结构中 75%是燃煤火电， 为减 少 co2等温室气体排放、 緩解全球气候变暖，发展风电等可再生清洁能源是 有效措施之一。 我国风力资源主要分布在二大风带： 一是 "三北地区" （东 北、 华北和西北地区） ， 包括东北三省和河北、 内蒙古、 甘肃、 青海、 西藏、 新疆等省区近 200Km宽的地带，可开发利用的风能储量约 2亿 kW,约占全国 可利用储量的 79%。 该地区风电场地势平坦， 交通方便， 没有破坏性风速， 是我国最大的连片风能资源区， 有利于大规模开发风电场， 同时， 该片区域 的太阳能资源也艮丰富； 二是东部沿海陆地、 岛屿及近岸海域。
新一代效率更高的兆瓦级风力发电机的转子叶片直径达 90米（ 2.5MWe ) 至 100m ( 3.6MWe ) , 支撑这些转子叶片及发电机的支撑塔筒高度就更高了， 最高甚至超过 150米。 从转子叶片下沿到地面的支撑塔筒部分仍然具有相当 高度， 此部分目前未见进行其它利用。 自然条件下， 风速和风向是随时变化 的， 因此不管哪种型号的风力发电机组都无法改变发电功率频繁变化的不稳 定性问题， 在风电大规模使用时， 会对电网带来冲击； 这种特点制约了风电 的大规模发展。
太阳能作为另一种可再生清洁能源， 也在蓬勃发展， 太阳能聚热发电 ( Concentrating Solar Power, CSP )逐步为人们所认识和重视。 CSP非常重要 的优势是可以用 4艮低的成本储存能量（热能） ， 从而稳定输出电力， 并且可 以按照电网需求随时调节输出功率， 而不必依赖当时的光照强度（甚至可以 实现每天 24小时按需输出电力），因此是一种艮有潜力的电网稳定电源。 CSP 体系由吸热、 传热、 储热和换热部分组成。 常见的 CSP体系有槽式、 塔式、 碟式及菲涅尔阵列方式， 其中塔式 CSP具有温度参数高， 光、 热、 电转化效 率高等优点， 但目前仍存在成本偏高的问题， 其中塔式中心接收塔的成本是 其中的重要部分， 降低接收塔建造成本， 可提升塔式 CSP 的竟争力， 目前分 布塔式 CSP技术发展很快， 主要特点就是将以往的单一大型接收塔替换为若 干小型接收塔， 并减小每组定日镜尺寸， 具有较大的竟争优势。 其每个小型 接收塔对应的发电功率一般为 1-5MW左右， 与目前的风电单机功率相近。
另夕卜， 聚光光伏发电（Concentrated photovoltaic, CPV )是一种能够节省 电池用量的新型光伏发电技术，通过将太阳光以 ―定倍数会聚到光伏电池上， 达到节省电池降低成本的目的。 该 CPV系统中， 聚光成本占总体系统成本的 大部分， 只有聚光成本的大幅下降才能获得 CPV系统的长足的发展。
直驱型风电机组一般通过全功率变流器， 对所发电能进行变换处理， 得 到符合电网标准的交流输出电力； 光伏系统则通过逆变器进行相关处理。 风 电变流器和光伏逆变器在主体电路结构上有艮大的相似性， 均为高频逆变电 路， 可以共用。
双馈式风机一般通过发电机输出三相交流电后经升压变压器输出并网， 而光热发电一般通过热机带动发电机获得三相交流电力输出， 二者有可能互 相借用和补充， 并使用同一套并网控制电路汇合输出并网电力， 同时还可以 进一步实现风电与光热发电的稳定功率汇合输出。
在许多风力资源丰富的地域， 往往太阳能资源也很丰富， 反之亦然。 将 太阳能发电技术融合到当前正规模发展的传统风电产业中去， 在不新增占地 面积的情况下， 将同一片区域的风力资源和太阳能资源综合利用起来。 因此， 是一项很有意义的工作。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种风力发电和太阳能发电复合一体化的解 决方案， 釆用该方案的系统同时具备风力发电和太阳能发电能力， 利用两 种发电能力的优势互补实现大规模发展， 利用风电支撑塔筒安装接收装 置，利用 CSP系统的储热能力稳定所述复合一体化发电系统的总电力功率 输出， 系统中的部分组件可同时被两种发电能力所利用， 从而消减了一些 重合的配置， 降低了建造成本。 这是一种具有低成本、 高可靠性、 稳定输 出功率的发电系统。 本发明提供一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统； 主要包 括至少一套风力发电子系统和至少一套太阳能发电子系统； 其特征在于， 所述至少一套风力发电子系统的支撑塔筒上布置太阳能发电子系统的接 收装置， 接收聚光系统汇聚的太阳光发电。
进一步地， 所述一体化复合发电系统还包括电源汇合处理装置， 所述风 力发电子系统所发电能（风电）和太阳能发电子系统所发电能（光电）通过 电源汇合处理装置合并输出。
进一步地， 所述电源汇合处理装置包括功率分配电路和逆变电路， 能根 据风、 光条件和输出需要， 对风电、 光电的输入电能进行变换处理以获得所 需输出参数的电能。
进一步地， 所述电源汇合处理装置包括逆变电路或并网控制装置的二者 其中之一及功率分配电路。
进一步地， 所述电源汇合处理装置在接收光伏电池接收装置的电能时， 还包括最大功率点跟踪 （Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT ) 电路； 以 提高光伏发电效率。
进一步地， 所述电源汇合处理装置具有自动功率分配调节功能， 通过对 光热发电的输出功率调整， 实现对风电的参数波动进行补偿， 使合并后的输 出电能参数稳定。
进一步地， 所述单个电源汇合处理装置连接至少一个风力发电电源和至 少一个太阳能发电电源； 优选为， 多个所述风力发电电源和一个所述光热发 电电源对应接入所述电源汇合处理装置。
进一步地， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置布置于转子叶片转动时其 尖端最低可达位置以下的支撑塔筒外侧。
进一步地， 所述太阳能发电子系统为光伏发电系统、 光热发电系统或二 者的混合系统。
进一步地， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置布置于转子叶片转动时其 尖端最低可达位置以下的尽量高的位置。
进一步地， 所述光伏发电系统的接收装置为光伏电池接收装置； 该光伏 电池装置所用的光伏电池为聚光光伏电池， 如聚光单晶电池、 砷化镓电池。
进一步地， 所述光热发电系统的接收装置包括吸收结构和辅助聚光器， 辅助聚光器布置在吸收结构外部， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置围绕支 撑塔筒外侧环形布置。
进一步地， 所述辅助聚光器为活动结构， 可进行开、 闭操作； 在非吸热 工作状态时， 可关闭吸热结构的接收窗口， 减少热量从接收窗口向外的辐射 和对流损失。
进一步地， 所述辅助聚光器为活动结构， 可进行开、 闭操作； 在非吸热 工作状态时， 可关闭辅助聚光器， 减少热量从接收窗口向外的辐射和对流损 失。
进一步地， 所述光热发电系统中包括储能装置。
进一步地， 所述储能装置的部分或全部与接收装置一体化布置于风力发 电的支撑塔筒上， 实施太阳能光热的吸收和直接存储。
进一步地， 所述储能装置包括储热罐、 储热罐内部的储热介质及换热结 构， 所述换热结构布置于储热罐内部的储热介质中， 通过流经该换热结构内 部的换热介质对储能装置内部的热量进行输入输出调节。
进一步地， 所述太阳能发电子系统包括布置于风力支撑塔筒外侧的冷却 装置。
优选地， 所述冷却装置布置于所述接收装置位置以上的风电支撑塔筒外 壁。
进一步地， 所述太阳能发电子系统的冷却装置为空气冷却装置或非主动 强制对流空气冷却装置， 布置于风电支撑塔筒的外壁； 其中光伏发电系统的 冷却装置用以冷却光伏电池； 光热发电系统的冷却装置用以冷却热机， 该热 机可以为发电机组， 例如汽轮机。
进一步地， 所述一体化复合发电系统可通过所述电源汇合处理装置及所 述光热发电系统的储能装置， 在没有合适太阳光照条件时（如阴天、 夜晚） 利用储热发电， 对输出电能进行调度调节， 实现调峰电源功能。
进一步地， 所述一体化复合发电系统可通过所述电源汇合处理装置及所 述光热发电系统的储能装置， 在没有合适太阳光照条件时利用储热发电， 对 风电参数的波动进行稳定补偿调节， 实现稳定电源的功能。
进一步地， 所述支撑塔筒的外侧设置升降装置， 用以升降接收装置、 储 能装置、 冷却装置等， 方便并节省一体化发电系统安装、 建设和运维成本。 本发明技术具有以下优点： 1、 本发明所述一体化复合系统能釆用风力发 电与太阳能发电一体化装置， 在对风力发电基本没有影响的情况下， 低成本 利用太阳能， 达到更好的经济性； 2、 风力发电、 光伏发电和光热发电在电源 汇合处理装置的作用下， 补偿风电参数的波动， 实现所需参数电能的稳定输 出； 3、 电源汇合处理装置和光热发电系统的储能装置协调工作， 对输出电能 进行调度调节， 实施电源的调峰输出； 4、 太阳能发电子系统的接收装置和储 能装置布置于风力发电子系统的支撑塔筒上， 减少了太阳能发电子系统原本 的支撑装置的建筑成本（尤其减少了塔式光热发电系统的支撑装置建设成本） 及土地成本； 5、 太阳能发电子系统的冷却装置为空气冷却装置， 布置于风力 发电子系统的支撑塔筒上， 该位置高于传统做法， 具有较大的风速， 减少了 传统的空气冷却装置所需功耗，甚至完全使用非主动强制对流空气冷却装置， 完全节省了传统冷却装置所需功耗。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 1 实施例结构示意图；
图 2是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 2 实施例结构示意图；
图 3是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 3 实施例结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图对本发明的具体实施方案进行详细的说明。
图 1是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 1 实施例结构示意图； 如图 1所示， 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统 1 ; 主要包括风力发电子系统 2和太阳能发电子系统 3 ; 该太阳能 发电子系统 3 为塔式光热发电系统， 且该塔式光热发电系统接收装置 10 布置于所述风力发电子系统 2的支撑塔筒 4位置， 接收聚光系统汇聚的太 阳光发电。 该实施例二的系统中， 储能装置 6布置于风力发电支撑塔筒 4 底部附近位置， 接收装置 10布置于风力发电支撑塔筒 4的中段位置， 而 高端为风力发电子系统 2的转子叶片 5布置位置， 该转子叶片 5接收支撑 塔筒上的风能， 进行风能发电； 中部的接收装置 10整体为空腔式接收器 结构或者为环形阵列集热管式接收器结构， 接收布置于地面上的定日镜 9 反射镜来的太阳光， 该接收装置 10将太阳光的热量传递至支撑塔筒 4底 部附近位置布置的储能装置 6内部， 所需的换热管道较少， 传输过程中的 热量损失较少； 风力发电子系统 2取发电厂的风力资源进行发电， 而太阳 能光热电系统取发电厂的太阳能资源进行发电， 二者资源没有相互影响； 进一步地， 一体化复合发电系统 1 包括电源汇合处理装置 8 , 所述风力发 电子系统 2所发电能（风电）和太阳能发电子系统 3所发电能（光电）通 过电源汇合处理装置 8合并输出； 该电源汇合处理装置 8包括逆变电路或 并网控制装置的二者其中之一及功率分配电路， 能根据风、 光条件和输出 需要，对风电、 光电输入进行变换处理以获得所需输出参数的电能； 另外， 电源汇合处理装置 8具有自动功率分配调节功能， 能通过对光热发电功率 的调整实现对风电参数的波动进行补偿， 使合并后的输出电参数稳定。 优 选地， 一体化复合发电系统的支撑塔筒的外侧设置升降装置， 用以升降接 收装置、 储能装置、 冷却装置等， 方便并节省一体化发电系统安装、 建设 和运营成本； 该系统在建设过程中会有较多的高空安装及安装完成后的运 行维修过程， 且每次安装出动大型吊车的成本非常高昂； 一体化复合发电 系统外部设置升降装置， 将会大大降低安装和维修等操作的难度， 降低安 装和运营费用。
图 1是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 1 实施例结构示意图； 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1主要 包括至少一套风力发电子系统 2和至少一套太阳能发电子系统 3 ; 该太阳 能发电子系统 3为塔式光热发电系统， 且该塔式光热发电系统包括接收装 置 10、 聚光系统 9、 储能装置 6 , 本实施例中的聚光系统具体为定日镜。 风力发电子系统 2包括支撑塔筒 4、 支撑塔筒 4上部布置的转子叶片 5。 其中， 接收装置 10镶嵌布置于所述风力发电子系统 2的支撑塔筒 4上， 接收太阳能发电子系统 3的聚光系统汇聚的太阳光。 该实施例 1的风力发 电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1 中， 储能装置 6布置于支撑塔筒 4 底部的地面附近位置； 接收装置 10布置于风力发电支撑塔筒 4的中段位 置， 该中段位置可以为支撑塔筒 4塔身高度的 1/ 3位置〜 2/3位置处， 例如 支撑塔筒 4 的塔身的长度为 X 米， 则中段位置可以是距离地面的 ( l/3)x〜(2/3)x处； 而风力发电子系统 2的转子叶片 5布置于支撑塔筒 4的 高段位置， 该高段位置可以是距离地面 （2/3 ) X以上位置。 该转子叶片 5 接收支撑塔筒 4上的风能， 进行风能发电； 接收装置 10整体为空腔式接 收器结构或者为环形阵列集热管式接收器结构， 接收布置于地面上的定日 镜 9的反射来的太阳光，该接收装置 10将太阳光的热量传递至支撑塔筒 4 底部附近位置布置的储能装置 6内部， 因塔式光热发电系统， 能够充分利 用光路进行热量的传输， 所以与普通槽式光热发电系统中利用集热管道相 比， 所需的金属换热管道较少， 传输过程中的热量损失较少； 风力发电子 系统 2取发电厂的风力资源进行发电， 而太阳能光热电系统取发电厂的太 阳能资源进行发电， 二者资源没有相互影响。
进一步地， 风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1包括电源汇 合处理装置 8 , 所述风力发电子系统 2所发电能 （风电） 和太阳能发电子 系统 3所发电能（光电）通过电源汇合处理装置 8合并输出； 该电源汇合 处理装置 8 包括逆变电路或并网控制装置的二者其中之一及功率分配电 路， 能根据风、 光条件和输出需要， 对风电、 光电输入进行变换处理以获 得所需输出参数的电能； 另外， 电源汇合处理装置 8具有自动功率分配调 节功能， 能通过对光热发电功率的调整实现对风电参数的波动进行补偿， 使合并后的输出电参数稳定， 这是由于， 发电厂的风能的变化较大， 输出 功率不稳定， 对输出的电网冲击较大， 单独输出并不受电网欢迎； 但该实 施例 1的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1中具有太阳能发电 子系统 3 , 二者可以实现较好的功能弥补； 在中国境内的大西北地区， 白 天风能稍弱， 风能可以利用白天的太阳能相互弥补， 而夜间没有太阳光照 的情况下， 风能较大， 可以利用太阳能的储热热量， 二者实施相互弥补的 自身的不稳定； 例如风能过小引起的风能输出过小问题， 太阳能实施较大 电能输出， 对风能进行填谷， 稳定输出； 当风能过大的情况下， 太阳能实 施较小输出， 进行较大能量的存储， 对风能进行消峰； 而当夜间， 风能较 大， 可以利用储热罐内部的热量进行适当调节， 如此可以良好的避免二者 不稳定输出带来的对电网震动等负面影响。
优选地， 风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1 的支撑塔筒 4 的外侧设置升降装置 （图中未示出） ， 用以升降接收装置、 储能装置、 冷 却装置等，方便并节省风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1安装、 建设和运营成本； 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1在建设 过程中会有较多的高空安装及安装完成后的运行维修过程， 且每次安装出 动大型吊车的成本非常高昂； 风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1外部设置升降装置， 将会大大降低安装和维修等操作的难度， 降低安装 和运营费用。
该太阳能光热发电子系统的储能装置 6包括储热罐、 储热罐内部的储 热介质及换热结构， 所述换热结构布置于储热罐内部的储热介质中， 通过 流经该换热结构内部的换热介质对储能装置 6内部的热量进行输入输出调 节。
该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1利用电源汇合处理装 置 8及储能装置 6联合操作， 实施所述一体化复合发电系统的电源混合调 峰或电源稳定输出， 在没有合适太阳光照条件时（阴天或夜晚）利用储热 发电， 对输出电能进行调度调节， 实现调峰电源功能； 且对风电参数的波 动进行稳定补偿调节， 实现稳定电源的功能。 例如， 假设该风力发电和太 阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1所要输出的预设电能为 5MWe。 白天当风 电输出参数较小， 例如小于预设最小阈值时， 该预设最小阈值可以为 1.5MWe 时， 开启光热发电 3.5MWe, 当风电输出参数波动时， 调整光热 发电进入汽轮机组的输入蒸汽量， 多余热量储热至储能装置 6中， 以便夜 间使用； 当夜间风电输出参数较大时， 例如大于预设最大阈值时， 该预设 最大阈值可以是 3MWe, 开启储能装置 6取热系统， 进行光热的储热发电 以平衡 5MWe混合输出， 当风力发电波动时， 调整储能装置 6的取热进气 量即可， 如此可以良好的避免二者不稳定输出带来的对电网震动等负面影 响。
该太阳能光热发电子系统 3利用热机将热能转化成电能， 因热机本身 只具有大约 30〜40%热机效率， 其中有绝大部分的热量通过冷却装置 （图 中没有示意 M专送至系统外部；该实施例 1的冷却装置为空气冷却装置（中 国的太阳能资源和风力资源丰富区域多为缺水区域） ， 布置于支撑塔筒 4 高端位置的外壁（转子叶片转动时其尖端最低可达位置以下的尽量高的位 置） ， 且冷却装置离地面越高风速越大， 进一步地， 空气冷却装置为非主 动强制对流空气冷却装置， 不需使用散热风机， 没有主动强制对流冷却带 来的风机功耗问题。
优选地， 该实施例可以进行大规模的布置和安装， 每套风力发电和太 阳能发电复合一体化发电系统具有一个风力支撑塔筒对应的风力发电子 系统 2, 同时具有一个安装在该支撑塔筒上的集热器 7对应的太阳能光热 发电系统； 单组一体化发电系统具有一个电源汇合处理装置， 用以进行功 率分配和对电源的逆变处理； 也可以实施多组复合一体化装置， 即多组风 力发电子系统和多组太阳能发电子系统对应一组电源汇合处理装置进行 电源功率分配和逆变处理。
优选地， 该实施例 1可以进行大规模的布置和安装， 每套风力发电和 太阳能发电复合一体化发电系统 1具有至少一套支撑塔筒 4, 同时具有安 装在每个支撑塔筒 4上的一个接收装置 10;单组一体化发电系统具有一个 电源汇合处理装置 8 , 用以对风电和光电产生的电源功率进行分配和逆变 处理； 单个电源汇合处理装置 8连接至少一个风力发电电源和至少一个太 阳能发电电源； 也可以实施多组复合一体化装置， 即多组风力发电子系统 和多组太阳能发电子系统对应一组电源汇合处理装置进行电源功率分配 和电源逆变处理。
图 2是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 2 实施例结构示意图； 如图 2所示， 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统 1 ; 主要包括风力发电子系统 2和太阳能发电子系统 3 ; 该太阳能 发电子系统 3为塔式光热发电系统， 且该塔式光热发电系统的储能装置 6 的部分或全部与接收装置 10布置于所述风力发电子系统 2的支撑塔筒 4 特定位置， 接收聚光系统汇聚的太阳光发电。 该实施例三的系统中， 储能 装置 6布置于中段的风力发电支撑塔筒 4的内部； 接收装置 10布置于储 能装置的对应位置的支撑塔筒 4的外部； 具体为接收装置 10布置于转子 叶片 5转动时其尖端最低可达位置以下的支撑塔筒 4外侧， 围绕支撑塔筒 4外侧环形布置， 包括吸收结构和吸收结构外部布置的辅助聚光器； 而高 端为风力发电子系统的转子叶片 5布置位置， 该转子叶片接收支撑塔筒上 的风能， 进行风能发电； 接收装置接收布置于地面上的定日镜 9反射镜来 的太阳光， 该接收装置 10将太阳光的热量传递至对应位置布置的储能装 置 6内部， 所需的换热管道较少，传输过程中的热量损失较少； 进一步地， 接收装置的辅助聚光器为活动结构， 在非吸收工作状态时， 可活动关闭吸 收结构的接收窗口， 减少热量从接收窗口向外部的辐射和对流损失。
图 2是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 2 实施例结构示意图； 如图 2所示， 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统 1主要包括至少一套风力发电子系统 2和至少一套太阳能发电子系 统 3 ; 该太阳能发电子系统 3为塔式光热发电系统， 且该塔式光热发电系 统的储能装置 6与接收装置 10均布置于所述风力发电子系统 2的支撑塔 筒 4特定位置， 例如储能装置 6布置于支撑塔筒 4塔身的 2/3〜3/4位置； 储能装置 6可以位于支撑塔筒 4的底部地面附近， 接收装置 10位于支撑 塔筒 4的塔身的 2/3处。 该实施例 2的系统中， 储能装置 6布置于支撑塔 筒 4的 2/3〜3/4位置的内部；接收装置 10布置于储能装置 6的对应位置的 支撑塔筒 4的外部， 即支撑塔筒 4的内部有储能装置 6 , 与储能装置 6相 应的外部设置有接收装置 10; 具体为接收装置 10布置于转子叶片 5转动 时其尖端可达的最低位置以下的支撑塔筒 4外侧， 围绕支撑塔筒 4外侧环 形布置， 接收装置 10具体为多个环形阵列布置的吸收管及该多个环形阵 列布置的吸收管外部布置的辅助聚光器， 具体地， 例如当转子叶片 5在转 动时其尖端能够到达的距离地面最近的位置为 s ,则可以将接收装置 10布 置在支撑塔筒 4的外侧且距离地面的距离小于或等于 s高度， 即将接收装 置 10布置在支撑塔筒 4的外侧且距离地面的距离小于或等于转子叶片 5 在转动时尖端所到达的最低位置； 而转子叶片 5 布置于高于接收装置 10 以上位置， 该转子叶片 5接收支撑塔筒 4上的风能， 进行风能发电； 接收 装置 10接收布置于地面上的定日镜 9的反射来的太阳光， 该接收装置 10 将太阳光的热量传递至对应位置布置的储能装置 6内部， 因塔式光热发电 系统能够充分利用光路进行热量的传输， 所以与普通槽式光热发电系统中 利用集热管道相比， 所需的换热管道较少， 传输过程中的热量损失较少； 进一步地， 接收装置 10的辅助聚光器为活动结构， 在非吸收工作状态时， 可活动关闭辅助聚光器， 减少热量从接收窗口向外部的辐射和对流损失。 一个具体实施例： 风力发电子系统， 转子叶片直径 80 米， 支撑塔筒 高 80米， 该风力发电功率为 2MW; 转子叶片下沿位于 40米处， 塔式发 电系统的接收装置布置于 40米位置，对应定日镜场为 2万平米，设计 2MW 功率光热 (配合 3-4小时储热） 。
一个具体实施例： 风力发电子系统 2, 其转子叶片直径 80米， 支撑塔 筒高 80米， 该风力发电子系统 2的风力发电功率为 2MWe; 转子叶片下 沿位于 40米处， 即， 转子叶片下沿位于距离地面 40米处， 塔式发电系统 的接收装置布置于 40米位置， 对应定日镜场为 2万平米， 设计 2MWe功 率光热 （配合 3-4小时储热 ) 。
另一具体实施例： 风力发电机的功率 3MW, 对应的支撑塔筒的高度 为 100m, 对应转子叶片的直径为 90m, 支定塔式光热发电系统的接收位 置为 55米， 则塔式对应的广场接收面积大约为 4.8万平米， 则大约能产生 太阳能发电功率 3MW ( 3-4小时发电时间 ) 。
另一具体实施例： 风力发电机的功率 3MWe, 对应的支撑塔筒的高度 为 100m, 对应转子叶片的直径为 90m, 支定塔式光热发电系统的接收位 置为 55米， 即， 塔式光热发电系统的接收位置距离地面 55米， 塔式对应 的镜场接收面积大约为 4.8万平米， 则大约能产生太阳能发电功率 3MWe ( 3-4小时发电时间 ) 。
第 2实施例具有第 1实施例描述的储热结构、 冷却装置和电源汇合处 理装置， 且能实施阵列大规模布置等相同或相似的运行效果， 此处不做过 图 3是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 3 实施例结构示意图； 如图 3所示， 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统 1 ; 主要包括风力发电子系统 2和太阳能发电子系统 3 ; 该太阳能 发电子系统 3为光伏发电系统， 且该光伏发电系统的接收装置 10布置于 所述风力发电子系统的支撑塔筒 4的特定位置， 接收聚光系统汇聚的太阳 光发电， 具体为布置于转子叶片 5转动时其尖端最低可达位置以下的支撑 塔筒 4外侧， 接收装置 10可以为平板光伏电池装置或聚光光伏电池装置； 聚光光伏电池装置所用的光伏电池如聚光单晶电池、 砷化镓电池。 实施例 3 中， 聚光光伏电池装置布置于支撑塔筒的外侧面， 接收太阳能镜场平面 镜或定日镜的太阳光照射， 获得高倍的太阳光汇聚； 进一步地， 所述光伏 电池接收装置包括冷却装置， 例如冷却装置为空气冷却装置， 优选为， 所 述空气冷却装置实施非强制对流空气冷却操作。 进一步地， 所述光伏接收 装置的冷却装置布置于所述光伏电池接收装置上部的风电支撑塔筒外壁， 以获得更加良好的冷却效果。 进一步地， 所述一体化复合发电系统包括电 源汇合处理装置 8 , 所述风力发电子系统所发电能 （风电） 和太阳能发电 子系统所发电能 （光电） 通过电源汇合处理装置 8合并输出。
图 3是本发明的风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统装置第 3 实施例结构示意图； 如图 3所示， 该风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统 1主要包括至少一套风力发电子系统 2和至少一套太阳能发电子系 统 3 ; 该太阳能发电子系统 3为光伏发电系统， 且该光伏发电系统的接收 装置 10布置于所述风力发电子系统的支撑塔筒 4的特定位置， 接收聚光 系统汇聚的太阳光发电， 具体为布置于转子叶片 5转动时其尖端最低可达 位置以下的支撑塔筒 4外侧， 接收装置 10可以为平板光伏电池装置或聚 光光伏电池装置； 聚光光伏电池装置所用的光伏电池如聚光单晶电池、 砷 化镓电池。 实施例 3中， 聚光光伏电池装置布置于支撑塔筒 4的外侧面， 接收太阳能镜场平面镜或定日镜（参考图 1或图 2的标号 9 ) 的太阳光照 射， 获得高倍的太阳光汇聚； 进一步地， 所述光伏电池接收装置包括冷却 装置， 例如冷却装置为空气冷却装置， 优选为， 所述空气冷却装置实施非 强制对流空气冷却操作。 进一步地， 所述光伏接收装置的冷却装置布置于 所述光伏电池接收装置上部的支撑塔筒 4外壁， 以获得更加良好的冷却效 果。 进一步地， 所述风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统 1还包括 电源汇合处理装置 8 , 所述风力发电子系统 2所发电能 （风电） 和太阳能 发电子系统 3所发电能 （光电） 通过电源汇合处理装置 8合并输出。
该实施例 3的复合一体化装置包括电源汇合处理装置 8 , 该装置至少 包括功率分配电路和逆变电路和最大功率点跟踪 （MPPT ) 电路， 能根据 风、 光条件和输出需要， 对风电、 光电输入进行变换处理以获得所需输出 参数的电能； 同时 MPPT电路以便提高光伏电池的发电效率。
需要特殊说明的是， 该复合一体化装置的太阳能发电子系统为光伏发 电系统、 光热发电系统或二者的混合系统， 实现风电、 光伏发电和光热发 电系统的综合利用。
显而易见， 在不偏离本发明的真实精神和范围的前提下， 在此描述的 本发明可以有许多变化。 因此， 所有对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的 改变， 都应包括在本权利要求书所涵盖的范围之内。 本发明所要求保护的 范围由所述的权利要求书进行限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统， 主要包括至少 一套风力发电子系统和至少一套太阳能发电子系统； 其特征在于， 所述至 少一套风力发电子系统的支撑塔筒上布置太阳能发电子系统的接收装置， 接收聚光系统汇聚的太阳光发电。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发电系统还 包括电源汇合处理装置， 所述风力发电子系统所发电能和太阳能发电子系 统所发电能通过电源汇合处理装置合并输出。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述电源汇合处理装置包括逆变电路或并网控制装 置的二者其中之一及功率分配电路。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 单个所述电源汇合处理装置连接至少一个风力发电 电源和至少一个太阳能发电电源。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能发电子系统为光伏发电系统、 光热发电 系统或二者的混合系统。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置布置于转子叶片 转动时其尖端最低可达位置以下。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置布置于转子叶片 转动时其尖端最低可达位置以下的尽量高的位置。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能发电子系统的接收装置围绕支撑塔筒外 侧环形布置。
9. 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合 发电系统， 其特征在于， 所述光热发电系统的接收装置包括吸收结构和辅 助聚光器。
10. 根据权利要求 5所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述太阳能发电子系统包括布置于风力支撑塔筒外 侧的冷却装置。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合 发电系统， 其特征在于， 所述冷却装置为空气冷却装置或非主动强制对流 空气冷却装置。
12. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述光热发电系统中包括储能装置。
13. 根据权利要求 7或 10所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复 合发电系统， 其特征在于， 所述储能装置与接收装置一体化布置于风力发 电的支撑塔筒上。
14. 根据权利要求 9所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述辅助聚光器为活动结构， 可进行开、 闭操作。
15. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述电源汇合处理装置及储能装置联合操作， 实施 所述一体化复合发电系统的电源混合调峰或电源稳定输出。
16. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种风力发电和太阳能发电一体化复合发 电系统， 其特征在于， 所述支撑塔筒的外侧设置升降装置。
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