WO2013153381A1 - Procédé et récepteur permettant de détecter un signal de diffusion ofdm - Google Patents

Procédé et récepteur permettant de détecter un signal de diffusion ofdm Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013153381A1
WO2013153381A1 PCT/GB2013/050920 GB2013050920W WO2013153381A1 WO 2013153381 A1 WO2013153381 A1 WO 2013153381A1 GB 2013050920 W GB2013050920 W GB 2013050920W WO 2013153381 A1 WO2013153381 A1 WO 2013153381A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
samples
signal
ofdm
broadcast
region
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2013/050920
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mel TANG-RICHARDSON
Christopher Michael EMERSON
Original Assignee
Frontier Silicon Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frontier Silicon Limited filed Critical Frontier Silicon Limited
Priority to EP13717829.9A priority Critical patent/EP2837151B1/fr
Publication of WO2013153381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013153381A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
    • H04L1/0038—Blind format detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2676—Blind, i.e. without using known symbols
    • H04L27/2678—Blind, i.e. without using known symbols using cyclostationarities, e.g. cyclic prefix or postfix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0012—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for identifying the type of modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2662—Symbol synchronisation
    • H04L27/2663—Coarse synchronisation, e.g. by correlation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2666—Acquisition of further OFDM parameters, e.g. bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, or guard interval length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2669—Details of algorithms characterised by the domain of operation
    • H04L27/2671—Time domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2681—Details of algorithms characterised by constraints
    • H04L27/2685—Speed of convergence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/709—Correlator structure
    • H04B1/7095—Sliding correlator type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/35—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J1/00—Frequency-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of, and a receiver for, detecting a broadcast OFDM signal.
  • Known OFDM detectors work with the paradigm of assuming a signal being received by a receiver is an OFDM signal, and attempt to derive a parameter from it. Such parameters include a time, a frequency, a sample rate, a symbol and/or a frame.
  • the present invention therefore provides a method of detecting a broadcast OFDM signal, the broadcast OFDM signal comprising a plurality of symbols, each symbol comprising a guard frame comprising a cyclic prefix, and a data portion, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a plurality of samples from a broadcast receiver, the number of samples corresponding with the length of at least two OFDM symbols; performing a sliding correlation on the received plurality of samples to identify a peak of correlation between the samples, the sliding correlation occurring a number of samples apart corresponding with a number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol; correcting a phase of the received samples using the identified peak in correlation to generate a phase corrected signal; performing a first correlation comprising correlating a plurality of samples from a first region of the phase corrected signal with a plurality of samples in a second region of the phase corrected signal; performing a second correlation comprising correlating a plurality of samples from a third region of the phase corrected signal with a plurality of samples in a fourth region of the phase corrected signal;
  • the method enables a broadcast OFDM signal to be detected without having to lock on to the OFDM signal.
  • the method utilises the fact that an OFDM signal comprises portions that are highly correlated (i.e. the guard interval and the corresponding portion at the end of the data portion within the same symbol) and portions that are highly uncorrelated. By comparing these regions, a determination of whether or not the received signal comprises an OFDM signal can be made.
  • the plurality of samples in the first region and plurality of samples in the second region are spaced apart by a number of samples corresponding with the number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol. Furthermore, the plurality of samples in the third region and plurality of samples in the fourth region are preferably spaced apart by a number of samples corresponding with the number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol.
  • detecting comprises generating a first metric of the samples comprising the first correlation and generating a second metric of the samples comprising the second correlation, and comparing the first and second metrics with a threshold value.
  • a broadcast OFDM signal is detected when the first and second metric are below the threshold value. More preferably, a broadcast OFDM signal is detected when the first and second metrics are substantially 0.
  • the first metric is generated by counting a number of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal that lie in the negative complex plane.
  • the second metric is generated by measuring the angular distribution of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal.
  • the second metric is generated by measuring a deviation of the angular distribution of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal across all quadrants of a complex plane.
  • the present invention also provides a receiver for detecting a broadcast OFDM signal, the broadcast OFDM signal comprising a plurality of symbols, each symbol comprising a guard frame comprising a cyclic prefix, and a data portion, the receiver comprising: a tuner coupleable to an antenna for receiving broadcast signals; a demodulator coupled to an output of the tuner for demodulating a received broadcast signal; a sampler for sampling an output of the demodulator; and a processor coupled to an output of the sampler, wherein the processor is configured to process a number of received samples to detect a broadcast OFDM signal in the received broadcast signal, the number of samples corresponding with the length of at least two OFDM symbols, and wherein the processor is operable to: perform a sliding correlation on the received plurality of samples to identify a peak of correlation between the samples, the sliding correlation occurring a number of samples apart corresponding with a number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol; correct a phase of the received samples using the identified peak in correlation to generate a phase corrected signal; perform
  • the receiver thus enables a broadcast OFDM signal to be detected without having to lock on to the OFDM signal.
  • the receiver utilises the fact that an OFDM signal comprises portions that are highly correlated (i.e. the guard interval and the corresponding portion at the end of the data portion within the same symbol) and portions that are highly uncorrelated. By comparing these regions, a determination of whether or not the received signal comprises an OFDM signal can be made.
  • the plurality of samples in the first region and plurality of samples in the second region are spaced apart by a number of samples corresponding with the number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol. Furthermore, the plurality of samples in the third region and plurality of samples in the fourth region are preferably spaced apart by a number of samples corresponding with the number of samples in the data portion of an OFDM symbol.
  • the processor detects a broadcast OFDM signal by generating a first metric of the samples comprising the first correlation and generating a second metric of the samples comprising the second correlation, and comparing the first and second metrics with a threshold value. In some embodiments, the processor detects a broadcast OFDM signal when the first and second metric are below the threshold value. Furthermore, the processor detects a broadcast OFDM signal when the first and second metrics are substantially 0.
  • the processor is operable to generate the first metric by counting a number of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal that lie in the negative complex plane.
  • the processor is operable to generate the second metric by measuring the angular distribution of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal.
  • the processor is operable to generate the second metric by measuring a deviation of the angular distribution of received correlating samples in the phase corrected signal across all quadrants of a complex plane.
  • the first region corresponds with a guard frame of an OFDM symbol
  • the second region corresponds with a portion of a data portion of an OFDM symbol corresponding with the guard frame.
  • the third region corresponds with a portion of a data portion of an OFDM symbol
  • the fourth region corresponds with a portion of a data portion of a subsequent OFDM symbol.
  • the OFDM symbol comprises a DAB ensemble.
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified systems diagram of an OFDM receiver, for example a DAB receiver
  • FIG. 2 shows an OFDM symbol.
  • the present invention produces metrics that enables the determination of how likely a received signal is to be an OFDM signal, and how likely it is not to be an OFDM signal. During a scanning operation these metrics allow a receiver to make a quick assessment on whether to scan or skip over a frequency.
  • this method does not assume the signal is an OFDM signal, but checks how likely or how unlikely that a signal has the correct OFDM structure.
  • the concept is to utilise the property of the OFDM symbol in that it contains highly correlated and highly uncorrelated portions.
  • the guard interval and the tail end of the symbol will correlate with each other.
  • the rest of the symbol can be considered to be white noise and thus does not correlate.
  • This invention therefore checks, in a computationally efficient way, with only a small data sample, for correlation in the guard interval and lack of correlation outside the guard interval, which advantageously improves the receiver's immunity to false positives.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified example of an OFDM receiver, for example a DAB radio receiver.
  • a broadcast signal is received by an antenna, which is coupled to a tuner 1 1 .
  • Received signals are passed to a demodulator 12.
  • the tuner 1 1 and demodulator 12 are controlled by a controller 13.
  • the demodulated signal is then passed to a decoder 14, which decodes data from the OFDM symbol (for example audio), which is then output from the loudspeaker 16 via the power amplifier 15.
  • Figure 2 shows the basic structure of a broadcast OFDM symbol.
  • the symbol comprises a guard interval or region, which is Lg samples long, and a data region, which is Lu samples long.
  • the guard interval is copy of the latter part of the data region.
  • the guard interval is also known as a cyclic prefix, and advantageously enables receivers to overcome problems associated with received interference.
  • the receiver captures baseband IQ samples.
  • the number of samples must be equivalent to at least two symbol periods including the guard intervals.
  • This signal will be referred to as x(t). This signal can be captured without any time/frequency or equalisation processing.
  • a sliding correlation of the input samples is performed to identify the guard interval.
  • the sliding correlation is performed by comparing a first samples with another sample Lu samples away from the first sample. Since the guard interval (when transmitted) is an exact copy of a portion of the data region, as the guard interval is reached, the receiver should see a peak in the correlation. The peak value is found to locate the guard interval at position n 0 . This stage provides a guard interval correlation.
  • the sampled signal is phase corrected (from now on referred to as p(m)).
  • the sampled signal (p(m)) is then correlated in two regions: (i) the guard region; and (ii) the data region.
  • the correlations are between samples that are Lu samples away (i.e. the number of samples equivalent to the length of a data region of an OFDM symbol). That is, for the guard interval, the samples in the guard interval are being correlated to samples at the end of the data region (which is a copy of the guard interval), and, for the data region, the samples in the data region are being correlated to samples that are equivalent to the position of samples in the data region of a subsequent symbol.
  • a first and second metric may be determined, and the receiver can then detect a broadcast OFDM signal based on these metrics.
  • the detector if each of the metrics are below a threshold value, the detector identifies the received signal as being a valid OFDM symbol and thus is able to performs further analysis and/or decoding. If either or both of the metrics are above a threshold value, the detector identifies the received signal as comprising an invalid OFDM symbol and moves to another frequency to scan for further signals.
  • the method therefore utilises the fact that signals in the guard interval are highly correlated, and the signals in the data region have little or no correlation to signals in the data region of a subsequent OFDM symbol.
  • this avoids the problem of false positives in methods utilising only the correlation of the guard interval (since most received signals will have some element of correlation at some point).
  • the angular distribution of the data region of the first and subsequent symbols should be even across all quadrants as they are highly uncorrelated samples. Uncorrelated samples will have an even distribution in the complex plane i.e. there should be Lg/4 samples in each quadrant (Lg has been taken as the number of samples in this example. However, the number of samples could be anywhere between 4 and Lu samples).
  • the deviation (referred to as r) should be zero for an OFDM signal.
  • the deviation (r) is the second metric.
  • the two metrics q and r can be examined to determine whether or not the received signal is of a recognised OFDM construction.
  • a threshold can be set, above which the signal is deemed not to be a OFDM signal.
  • a symbol is 1 .246ms. Since the detector preferably needs at least 2 symbols, so that's ⁇ 2.5ms. It is estimated that the controller would take in the order of 0.5ms to perform the above calculations. As such, it is estimated that it may take as little as 3ms to 5ms to determine the presence of an OFDM signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil permettant de détecter un signal de diffusion OFDM. L'invention utilise la propriété du symbole OFDM selon laquelle il contient des parties hautement corrélées (intervalle de garde) et des parties hautement non corrélées (reste du symbole). La présente invention recherche la corrélation dans l'intervalle de garde et l'absence de corrélation hors de l'intervalle de garde pour identifier si un signal reçu est ou non de structure OFDM.
PCT/GB2013/050920 2012-04-11 2013-04-10 Procédé et récepteur permettant de détecter un signal de diffusion ofdm WO2013153381A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13717829.9A EP2837151B1 (fr) 2012-04-11 2013-04-10 Procédé et récepteur permettant de détecter un signal de diffusion ofdm

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1206363.2A GB2501085B (en) 2012-04-11 2012-04-11 A method of, and receiver for, detecting a broadcast OFDM signal
GB1206363.2 2012-04-11

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WO2013153381A1 true WO2013153381A1 (fr) 2013-10-17

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EP (1) EP2837151B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2501085B (fr)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2501085A (en) 2013-10-16
GB2501085B (en) 2016-06-22
EP2837151B1 (fr) 2019-06-19
GB201206363D0 (en) 2012-05-23
EP2837151A1 (fr) 2015-02-18

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