WO2013144350A1 - Générateur de courant et procédé de génération d'impulsions de courant - Google Patents
Générateur de courant et procédé de génération d'impulsions de courant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013144350A1 WO2013144350A1 PCT/EP2013/056832 EP2013056832W WO2013144350A1 WO 2013144350 A1 WO2013144350 A1 WO 2013144350A1 EP 2013056832 W EP2013056832 W EP 2013056832W WO 2013144350 A1 WO2013144350 A1 WO 2013144350A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- switches
- control
- stage
- circuit
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006842 Henry reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
- H01J37/32027—DC powered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
- H01J37/32045—Circuits specially adapted for controlling the glow discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/021—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of more than one type of element or means, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of the generation of electrical signals, and more particularly relates to a current generator adapted to apply high current pulses of high intensity regulated current at a high voltage.
- the response of the load to the previously applied current pulse is measured, and the characteristics (resistivity, dielectric constant, etc.) of the load are then determined by comparing the measured responses with the pulses. applied current.
- Each current pulse is generally in the form of a time slot breaking down into three main phases:
- the accuracy of the charge characterization depends in particular on the accuracy with which the value of the current is regulated around the predefined setpoint of current intensity.
- the impedance of a ground can be very high, so it may be necessary to have to generate current pulses of high intensity, of the order of several tens of amperes. at a high voltage, of the order of several kilovolts.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or part of the limitations of the solutions of the prior art, including those described above, by proposing a solution that can generate high current pulses (a few tens of amps). ) regulated with equally high precision (of the order of one percent).
- the present invention also aims to propose a solution that makes it possible to generate current pulses with short extinction phases (of the order of a millisecond), including for high current pulses (a few tens of seconds). amperes).
- the invention relates to a current generator adapted to supply current pulses of controlled intensity across a load.
- Said current generator comprises several secondary stages in which:
- each secondary stage comprises a DC voltage source isolated from the voltage sources of the other secondary stages, and a switching circuit comprising four arranged switches in two half-bridges each formed of two switches connected in series between terminals of the voltage source,
- the switching circuits are interconnected so as to form a chain, a midpoint of a half-bridge of each secondary stage being connected to a mid-point of a half-bridge of a subsequent secondary stage in this chain; the two secondary stages at the ends of said chain each having a midpoint of a half-bridge intended to be connected to a terminal of the load,
- a secondary stage comprises, between the voltage source and the switching circuit, a regulation circuit comprising a smoothing inductor, a switch arranged between a terminal of the smoothing inductor and the source voltage, and means adapted to connect said terminal of the smoothing inductor to the switching circuit when the switch of the control circuit is in a blocked state,
- the current generator further comprises a control circuit adapted to control the switches of the switching circuits and the switch of the control circuit.
- the control circuit is preferably configured for, when generating a current pulse:
- the switching circuits and the way in which they are interconnected, it is possible, depending on the control applied to the switches of a switching circuit, to dispose the voltage source of the secondary stage considered in series or in opposition to those of other secondary stages, or to isolate the voltage source of the stage secondary compared with those of other secondary stages without interrupting the passage of a current in the load.
- the active stages other than the regulation stage are for example chosen so that the sum of their respective voltages in open circuit is less than the voltage necessary to circulate the desired current in the load, and so that the sum of the voltages of all active stages (including the control stage) is greater than the voltage required to circulate the desired current in the load.
- the regulating circuit also comprises means adapted to connect said terminal of the smoothing inductor to the switching circuit, such as a diode, a switch, etc., by which the smoothing inductor can be discharged, and the intensity of the current flowing in said smoothing inductance decreases gradually.
- the current generator comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
- control circuit is configured for, between the generation of two current pulses:
- Such arrangements are particularly advantageous in that they make it possible to reduce the respective durations of the phases of establishing and extinguishing a current pulse in the load.
- the current generator according to the invention comprises a smoothing inductor integrated in the regulation circuit of the regulation stage, so that it is no longer necessary to mount a smoothing inductance at the output of the current generator. Between the generation of two current pulses, the output of the control circuit of the control stage is short-circuited, so that it is possible to circulate a current in the switching circuit of the control stage without that it does not circulate in the load and disrupts the measurement, unlike the prior art.
- the intensity of the current flowing in the switching circuit (short-circuit) around a non-zero value, it will be possible to reduce the respective durations of the phases of setting and extinguishing current pulses. Indeed, if we consider for example the phase of establishment of a current pulse, the current flowing at the beginning of the establishment phase will be of intensity substantially equal to the non-zero value considered, and will grow until to achieve substantially the set value. It is understood that the duration of the establishment phase depends on the difference between said non-zero value and said setpoint value, and that it is lower by considering a non-zero starting value than considering a zero starting value. .
- control circuit is configured for, between the generation of two current pulses, regulating the intensity of the current flowing in the switching circuit of the regulation stage around the setpoint value.
- Such arrangements are particularly advantageous in that they make it possible to minimize the respective durations of the phases for establishing and extinguishing the current pulses, since the starting and finishing values are both substantially equal to the set point value. , to the accuracy of the regulation.
- control stage comprises, between the voltage source and the switching circuit, a plurality of control circuits connected in parallel, each control circuit comprising a smoothing inductor, a switch arranged between a control terminal and a control circuit. the smoothing inductor and the voltage source, and means adapted to connect said smoothing inductor terminal to the switching circuit when the control circuit switch is in a locked state.
- control circuit is configured for, during the generation of a current pulse, controlling successive switches of the respective switches of the regulation circuits of the regulation stage to regulate the intensity of the current flowing in the load. around the set point.
- control circuits are connected in parallel, so that the current flowing in the load is substantially equal to the sum of the currents flowing in each of the smoothing inductances.
- the number of regulation circuits of the regulation stage is equal to two and the smoothing inductances of the two regulation circuits have the same characteristics
- control circuit is configured for, when generating a current pulse, controlling the respective switches of the two control circuits so that when one of said switches is in an on state, the switch of the other circuit the control circuit is in a blocked state, the respective switches of the control circuits being alternately controlled in the on state during successive time intervals of the same duration.
- Such arrangements are advantageous in that they make it possible to have a better accuracy of the regulation of the intensity of the current flowing in the load.
- the successive commutations of the switch of a control circuit make it possible to vary the intensity of the current flowing in the smoothing inductance of this control circuit around a value substantially equal to half of the setpoint (the current flowing in the load being equal to the sum of the currents flowing in each of the control circuits).
- the fluctuations in the two control circuits will be substantially in phase opposition, so that the fluctuations in the intensity of the current flowing in the load will be very small.
- the voltage sources of the secondary stages have a staggering of their respective output voltages. Such arrangements make it possible to adjust the intensity of the current for a wide range of impedances.
- the switches of the switching circuits and of each control circuit are transistors. bipolar insulated gate.
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistors
- the invention relates to a method for generating current pulses at the terminals of a load, in which the generation of current pulses is carried out by means of a current generator comprising a plurality of secondary stages in which :
- each secondary stage comprises a DC voltage source isolated from the voltage sources of the other secondary stages, and a switching circuit comprising four switches arranged in two half-bridges each formed of two switches connected in series between terminals of the voltage source.
- the switching circuits are interconnected so as to form a chain, a midpoint of a half-bridge of each secondary stage being connected to a mid-point of a half-bridge of a subsequent secondary stage in this chain; the two secondary stages at the ends of said chain each having a midpoint of a half-bridge intended to be connected to a terminal of the load,
- a secondary stage comprises, between the voltage source and the switching circuit, a regulation circuit comprising a smoothing inductor, a switch arranged between a terminal of the smoothing inductor and the source voltage, and means adapted to connect said terminal of the smoothing inductor to the switching circuit when the switch of the control circuit is in a blocked state,
- the method for generating current pulses comprises, for generating a current pulse, steps of:
- the current pulse generation method comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination.
- the method of generating current pulses comprises, between the generation of two current pulses, steps of:
- the regulation stage including two control circuits connected in parallel and respective smoothing inductors having the same characteristics, the respective switches of the two control circuits are controlled during the generation of a current pulse so that when one of said switches is in an on state, the switch of the other control circuit is in a off state, the respective switches of the regulating circuits being alternately controlled in the on state at the course of successive time intervals of the same duration.
- FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a particular embodiment of a current generator according to the invention
- Figure 1 shows a particular embodiment of a current generator 10.
- the current generator 10 comprises a plurality of secondary stages 20 (20a-20n) each comprising a DC voltage source 21 and a switching circuit 22.
- each DC voltage source 21 comprises a secondary winding S (Sa-Sn) of a single-phase transformer 1 1 whose primary winding 12 is powered by a primary stage (not shown in FIG. 1), so that the DC voltage sources 21 are galvanically isolated from each other.
- the single-phase alternating current supplied by the secondary winding S is in this example rectified in full waveform by a diode bridge and is filtered in a filter capacitor of the DC voltage source 21.
- the current generator comprises, for example, nine secondary stages. 20 whose empty voltages are 200 volts (V) to 2000 V.
- the current generator 10 has five secondary stages each providing a voltage of 2000 V, the four other secondary stages respectively providing voltages of 1000 V, 500 V, 300 V and 200 V (For example the secondary stage 20n) and for a maximum total voltage of the order of 12 kilovolts (kV).
- sources 21 of DC voltage all providing the same voltage when empty.
- a maximum required voltage of 12 kV it is possible, for example, to provide twelve secondary stages 20 each delivering an empty voltage of 1 kV.
- Each switching circuit 22 has four switches Q1,
- switches Q1, and Q2 form a first half-bridge and are connected in series between the terminals of the DC voltage source 21.
- Switches Q3 and Q4 form a second half-bridge and are also connected in series between the terminals of said DC voltage source 21.
- the switching circuits 22 are interconnected so as to form a chain between terminals of the current generator.
- a midpoint of a half-bridge (that is to say a point between the two switches of this half-bridge) of each secondary stage 20 is connected to a midpoint of a half-bridge.
- a next secondary stage in this chain a next secondary stage in this chain.
- the two secondary stages 20a, 20n at the ends of said chain each comprise a midpoint of a half-bridge intended to be connected to a terminal of the load Z.
- the midpoint of the half-bridge of the secondary stage 20a constituted by the switches Q1a and Q2a forms a first terminal of the current generator 10 and is connected by a line 30 and to a first terminal of the load Z.
- the midpoint of the half bridge of the secondary stage 20a constituted by the switches Q3a and Q4a is connected by a line 25a to the midpoint of the half-bridge of the secondary stage 20b constituted by the switches Q1b and Q2b, etc.
- the switching circuits 22 of the secondary stages 20 are thus connected in series so as to form the aforementioned chain between the secondary stage 20a and the secondary stage 20n.
- the midpoint of the half bridge of the secondary stage 20n consisting of The switches Q3n and Q4n form a second terminal of the current generator 10 and are connected by a line 31 and a second terminal of the load Z.
- the secondary stage 20n also hereinafter referred to as the "regulation stage" is distinguished from the other secondary stages by the presence of two control circuits 27a, 27b connected in parallel between the source 21n of DC voltage and the control circuit. switching 22n.
- each regulation circuit 27a, 27b comprises:
- the regulation circuit 27a comprises a switch Qa mounted between a first terminal (positive pole) of the source 21 n of direct voltage and a first terminal of the smoothing inductance La, a second terminal of the smoothing inductance La being connected. to the switches Q1 n and Q3n of the switching circuit 22n.
- the regulation circuit 27a also comprises a diode Da whose cathode is connected to the first terminal of the smoothing inductance La, and whose anode is connected to a second terminal (negative pole) of the source 21 n of DC voltage. as well as the switches Q2n and Q4n of the switching circuit 22n.
- the regulation circuit 27b comprises a switch Qb mounted between the positive pole of the source 21 n of direct voltage and a first terminal of the smoothing inductance Lb, a second terminal of the smoothing inductance Lb being connected. to the switches Q1 n and Q3n of the switching circuit 22n.
- the switch Qb and the smoothing inductance Lb of the regulation circuit 27b are furthermore connected in parallel with the switch Qa and the smoothing inductance La of the other control circuit 27a.
- the regulation circuit 27b also comprises a diode Db whose cathode is connected to the first terminal of the smoothing inductance Lb, and whose anode is connected to the negative pole of the source 21 n of DC voltage as well as to the switches Q2n and Q4n of the switching circuit 22n.
- the regulation circuits 27a, 27b are therefore of a constitution similar to that of the controllable part of a de-scaling power supply.
- DC voltage (known as the "buck converter”).
- each diode Da, Db can be replaced by any means adapted to connect the first terminal of the smoothing inductance La, Lb to the switches Q2n and Q4n of the switching circuit 22n when the switch Qa, Qb is in a blocked state.
- the diode Da, Db of a control circuit 27a, 27b is replaced by a switch controlled to an on state when the other switch Qa, Qb of the control circuit 27a, 27b is in a blocked state , and controlled to a locked state when the other switch Qa, Qb of the control circuit 27a, 27b is in an on state.
- each switch of the current generator 10 is produced by means of a bipolar transistor (or a group of transistors) with insulated gate (IGBT of the English expression "Insulated Gaste Bipolar Transistor "), chosen in a range adapted to the expected performance of the current generator 10.
- each switch is chosen to be able to circulate a current of an intensity of between 0 and 600 A in the on state and to maintain a nominal voltage in the off state.
- the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of each switching circuit 22 each comprise an antiparallel diode 26 adapted to allow the flow of a reverse current in these switches.
- a diode is generally inherent in the construction of an IGBT transistor, but it may be useful to double this inherent diode with an external antiparallel diode 26, particularly if currents of up to 600 amps are considered. AT.
- the current generator 10 also has a control circuit 15 adapted to control the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of each switching circuit 22, as well as the switches Qa, Qb of each control circuit 27a, 27b.
- control circuit 15 is connected to said switches of the secondary stages 20 of the current generator 10.
- fiber optic links is advantageous in that it makes it possible to guarantee a better reliability of the current generator 10 over electrical connections, insofar as the switching of high currents and / or high voltages is likely to occur. to parasitize electrical connections.
- the gates of the switches of the secondary stages 20 are connected to an optical converter 23 adapted to transform a command received in optical form via an optical fiber 24 into a control appropriate electric.
- the optical fibers 24a - 24n conveying the respective commands of the secondary stages 20a - 20n are connected to the end opposite the optical converters 23a - 23n to the control circuit 15.
- the control circuit 15 is also connected (links not shown in FIG. 1) to means for determining the intensity of the current flowing in each of the smoothing inductances La, Lb, for example current sensors Ha, Hb (with effect Hall, Rogowski loop, etc.). Furthermore, it is possible to provide a current sensor disposed on line 30 or line 31 (not shown in the figures) for checking the sum of the currents.
- control circuit 15 may be made in any manner known to those skilled in the art.
- the control circuit 15 includes a processor and an electronic memory in which a computer program is stored in the form of a set of program code instructions to be executed by the processor.
- the control circuit 15 comprises programmable logic circuits, of the FPGA, PLD, etc. type, and / or specialized integrated circuits (ASIC).
- the control circuit 15 thus comprises a set of means configured in software (specific computer program product) and / or hardware (FPGA, PLD, ASIC, etc.) to implement the various steps of a generation method pulses of current.
- a current flow direction is arbitrarily defined as positive when the current enters the load Z by the line 30 and out of line 31.
- the control circuit 15 via the optical fiber 24a and the optical converter 23a, imposes an on state (ON) to the switches Q1a and Q4a, and a state off (OFF) to the switches Q2a and Q3a of the 20a
- the positive pole of the DC voltage source 21a is connected to the load Z via the switch Q1a and the line 30.
- the negative pole of the DC voltage source 21a is connected to the midpoint of the half-bridge constituted by the switches Q1b and Q2b of the secondary stage 20b via the switch Q4a and the line 25a.
- the switch Q1b then connects the negative pole of the DC voltage source 21a to the positive pole of the DC voltage source 21b.
- the control circuit 15 When the control circuit 15 imposes on the opposite a state passing to the switches Q2a and Q3a and a blocked state to Q1a and Q4a, it is the negative pole of the source 21a of DC voltage which is connected to the load Z through the line 30, and the positive pole of the DC voltage source 21a which is connected to the midpoint of the half-bridge formed by the switches Q1b and Q2b of the secondary stage 20b via the switch Q3a and line 25a. Assuming that the secondary stage 20b is similarly controlled, the switch Q2b then connects the positive pole of the DC voltage source 21a to the negative pole of the DC voltage source 21b. By reasoning by analogy on all the secondary stages 20a-20n, it appears that all the DC voltage sources 21 are then connected in series and circulate a negative direction current in the load Z.
- the current flows in the secondary stage 20b by entering through the line 25b at the midpoint of the half-bridge constituted by the Q3b switches. and Q4b, crosses Q4b and the antiparallel diode 26 of the switch Q2b, and exits the secondary stage 20b by the line 25a.
- the source 21 b of DC voltage is isolated, that is to say that it does not contribute to the voltage applied across the load Z, without interrupting the flow of a current in the chain of the secondary stages 20.
- the state of the switch Q2b is not critical.
- the table below summarizes the commands to be applied to the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 for inserting the DC voltage source 21 respectively in series in the positive direction, in series in the negative direction or for isolating said DC voltage source 21. depending on the flow direction of the current in the load Z.
- FIG. 2 represents time diagrams illustrating an exemplary implementation of a current generator 10 according to the invention.
- Each current pulse is generally in the form of a time slot comprising for example a time interval of duration T1, called “pulse interval”, during which a current pulse is applied to the load Z.
- L pulse interval is followed by a time interval of duration T2, called “relaxation interval”, during which no current is applied to the load Z.
- the times T1 and T2 are for example equal and adjustable.
- a pulse interval that is to say during the generation of a current pulse.
- a current intensity reference value is conventionally defined for each current pulse.
- the current pulses are regulated, in absolute value, around the same setpoint value IC.
- the setpoint value IC is for example adjustable between 0 and 600 A in steps of 0.1 A.
- the control circuit 15 is adapted to control the switches Q1 to Q4 of the secondary stages 20 to put in series at least one secondary stage 20, including the regulation stage 20n, and establish a current in the load Z. According to measurements of the intensity of the current flowing in the load Z, for example carried out by the current sensors Ha and Hb of the regulation circuits 27a, 27b, the control circuit 15 is configured to implement two distinct and complementary control strategies for the generation of a current pulse of controlled intensity around the setpoint value.
- the first regulation strategy consists in making an approximate adjustment of the intensity of the current flowing in the load Z.
- the control circuit 15 selects, as a function of the estimated impedance of the charge Z, a group of secondary stages 20 comprising the regulation stage 20n, called "active stages".
- the active stages are selected so that:
- the sum of the respective voltages of the active stages other than the regulation stage 20n is smaller than the voltage necessary to circulate a current of intensity IC in the load Z,
- the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of the switching circuits 22 of the active stages are then controlled so that these active stages are connected in series, by controlling their switches Q1 and Q4 in the on state and the switches Q2 and Q3 to blocked state.
- the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of the switching circuits 22 of the unselected secondary stages 20 are controlled so as to isolate their DC voltage sources 21 from the load Z.
- the second strategy is to perform a precise adjustment of the intensity of the current flowing in the load Z.
- the control circuit 15 imposes, during the pulse interval, successive switches to the switches Qa, Qb control circuits 27a, 27b for regulating the intensity of the current flowing in the load Z around the set value IC during the duration T1 of said pulse interval.
- the switches Qa, Qb of the two control circuits 27a, 27b are controlled so that when one of said switches is in an on state, the switch of the other control circuit is in a blocked state, the respective switches Qa, Qb of the control circuits 27a, 27b being alternately controlled in the on state during successive time intervals IT1, IT2 of the same duration.
- the duration of these intervals of time IT1, IT2 is determined according to the tolerated fluctuation AIC for the intensity of the current flowing in each smoothing inductance La, Lb.
- the part a) of FIG. 2 represents the evolution over time of the intensity of the current IA flowing in the smoothing inductance La, while the part b) of FIG. 2 represents the evolution over time. the intensity of the current IB flowing in the smoothing inductance Lb.
- the duration T1 of the pulse interval corresponds to four time intervals (IT1, IT2, IT1, IT2).
- the duration of the time intervals IT1, IT2 may be much shorter than the duration T1 (for example of the order of ten microseconds for the time intervals IT1, IT2 and of the order of one second for the pulse interval of duration T1).
- the switch Qa of the regulation circuit 27a is controlled in the on state.
- the first terminal of the smoothing inductance La and the cathode of the diode Da are then connected to the positive pole of the source 21 n of DC voltage.
- the diode Da does not let current flow and the intensity of the current IA in the smoothing inductance increases gradually from the value (IC / 2 - ⁇ / 2) to the value (IC / 2 + ⁇ / 2) which is reached towards the end of the time interval IT1.
- the switch Qb of the control circuit 27b is controlled in the off state.
- the first terminal of the smoothing inductance Lb is isolated from the positive pole of the source 21 n of DC voltage and the current flows in the diode Db.
- the intensity of the current IB in the smoothing inductance Lb decreases progressively from the value (IC / 2 + AIC / 2) to the value (IC / 2 - AIC / 2) which is reached towards the end of the blanking interval. IT1 time.
- the switch Qa of the control circuit 27a is controlled in the off state.
- the first terminal of the smoothing inductor L1 is isolated from the positive pole of the source 21 n of DC voltage and the current flows in the diode Da.
- the intensity of the current IA in the smoothing inductance decreases progressively from the value (IC / 2 + AIC / 2) to the value (IC / 2 - AIC / 2) which is reached towards the end of the interval of IT2 time.
- the switch Qb of the control circuit 27b is controlled in the on state.
- the first terminal of the smoothing inductance Lb and the cathode of the diode Db are then connected to the positive pole of the source 21 n of DC voltage.
- the diode Db does not let current flow and the intensity of the current IB in the smoothing inductance Lb increases progressively from the value (IC / 2 - ⁇ / 2) to the value (IC / 2 + ⁇ / 2) which is reached towards the end of the IT2 time interval.
- Part c) of FIG. 2 represents the evolution over time of the intensity of the current IZ flowing in the load Z which corresponds, during the pulse interval of duration T1, substantially to the sum of the currents IA, IB flowing respectively in the smoothing inductors La, Lb.
- control circuit 15 can control the insertion in series of an additional active stage or the deletion or replacement of one of the active stages by another secondary stage.
- the control circuit 15 imposes, for example, a blocked state on the switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of all the switching circuits 22, with the exception of those of the switching circuit 22n of the regulation stage 20n.
- the switches Q1 n, Q2n, Q3n and Q4n are controlled so as to establish a short circuit across the control circuits 27a, 27b.
- the control circuit 15 imposes a passing state on the switches of at least one half-bridge of the switching circuit 22n.
- control circuit 15 imposes a on state switches Q1 n and Q2n and a blocked state switches Q3n and Q4n. It is also possible to impose a passing state at Q1 n, Q2n, Q3n and Q4n in order to divide the intensity of the current flowing in each of the two half-bridges.
- the switches Qa, Qb of the regulation circuits 27a, 27b of the regulation stage 20n are controlled as in the course of the pulse interval, so as to regulate the intensities of the currents IA, IB flowing respectively in the inductances. Smoothing the, Lb around IC / 2. Therefore, during a relaxation interval, the intensity of the current flowing in the switching circuit 22n in the switches Q1 n and Q2n is regulated around the set value IC.
- the respective switches Qa, Qb of the control circuits 27a, 27b can also be alternately controlled in the on state during successive time intervals IT1, IT2 of the same duration.
- the duration of the time intervals IT1, IT2 is normally much less during a relaxation interval than the duration of these time intervals during a pulse interval.
- the load Z is replaced by a very low impedance (short-circuit), so that the intensity of the current in a smoothing inductance La, Lb will grow / decrease much faster during a relaxation interval only during a pulse interval.
- a current generator 10 has been described in which the regulation stage 20n has two regulating circuits 27a, 27b.
- This embodiment is particularly advantageous in that it constitutes a good compromise on the number and the volume of the smoothing inductances La, Lb with respect to the accuracy of the regulation of the intensity of the current flowing in the load Z (by adapted control of the switches Qa, Qb of said two control circuits).
- DC voltage sources of the secondary stages are secondary windings of a single-phase transformer, each having a diode rectifier bridge and a filtering capacitor. It is understood that the realization of DC voltage sources (and the way in which they are possibly supplied) goes beyond the scope of the invention and is considered within the reach of those skilled in the art, that a particular embodiment of the DC voltage sources is only an alternative embodiment of a current generator according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/388,807 US9379636B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-29 | Current generator and method for generating current pulses |
CA2869170A CA2869170C (fr) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-29 | Generateur de courant et procede de generation d'impulsions de courant |
AU2013241675A AU2013241675B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-29 | Current generator and method for generating current pulses |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1252913 | 2012-03-30 | ||
FR1252913A FR2988933B1 (fr) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Generateur de courant et procede de generation d'impulsions de courant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013144350A1 true WO2013144350A1 (fr) | 2013-10-03 |
Family
ID=48040244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2013/056832 WO2013144350A1 (fr) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-29 | Générateur de courant et procédé de génération d'impulsions de courant |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9379636B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2013241675B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2869170C (fr) |
CL (1) | CL2014002635A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2988933B1 (fr) |
PE (1) | PE20150071A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013144350A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2980653B1 (fr) * | 2011-09-22 | 2018-02-16 | Geo27 Sarl | Generateur de signaux de courant et procede de mise en oeuvre d'un tel generateur |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003079397A1 (fr) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Unaxis Balzers Ag | Generateur de plasma sous vide |
US20040032212A1 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-19 | Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Power supply apparatus for generating plasma |
EP1501176A2 (fr) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-01-26 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Alimentation de puissance avec correction du facteur de puissance |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7808125B1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2010-10-05 | Sustainable Energy Technologies | Scheme for operation of step wave power converter |
KR101251064B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-04-05 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 고승압비 다중입력 양방향 dc-dc 컨버터 |
-
2012
- 2012-03-30 FR FR1252913A patent/FR2988933B1/fr active Active
-
2013
- 2013-03-29 WO PCT/EP2013/056832 patent/WO2013144350A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-03-29 US US14/388,807 patent/US9379636B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-29 PE PE2014001483A patent/PE20150071A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-03-29 AU AU2013241675A patent/AU2013241675B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-29 CA CA2869170A patent/CA2869170C/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-30 CL CL2014002635A patent/CL2014002635A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003079397A1 (fr) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Unaxis Balzers Ag | Generateur de plasma sous vide |
US20040032212A1 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-02-19 | Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Power supply apparatus for generating plasma |
EP1501176A2 (fr) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-01-26 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Alimentation de puissance avec correction du facteur de puissance |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2869170A1 (fr) | 2013-10-03 |
CL2014002635A1 (es) | 2014-12-05 |
FR2988933B1 (fr) | 2014-04-04 |
AU2013241675A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
AU2013241675B2 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
CA2869170C (fr) | 2020-09-08 |
US9379636B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
FR2988933A1 (fr) | 2013-10-04 |
PE20150071A1 (es) | 2015-02-21 |
US20150085545A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2849558C (fr) | Generateur de signaux de courant et procede de mise en oeuvre d'un tel generateur | |
EP2320554B1 (fr) | Dispositif convertisseur comprenant au moins cinq niveaux de tension continue et alimentation sans interruption pourvue dudit dispositif | |
FR2933547A1 (fr) | Ondulateur trois niveaux | |
FR2942088A1 (fr) | Onduleur de tension a 3n-4 niveaux | |
EP2320553A2 (fr) | Dispositif convertisseur et alimentation sans interruption équipée d'un tel dispositif | |
EP1287609B1 (fr) | Dispositif de conversion d'energie multicellulaire | |
EP2346154B1 (fr) | Système d'alimentation d'un élément, parmi un rotor et un stator d'une machine électrique, et procédé de commande d'un tel système | |
CA2869170C (fr) | Generateur de courant et procede de generation d'impulsions de courant | |
FR2701612A1 (fr) | Procédé de commande de la puissance appliquée à un onduleur à résonance. | |
EP3657677A1 (fr) | Circuit d'alimentation de circuits de commande d'interrupteurs | |
EP2751916A1 (fr) | Convertisseur de puissance élevée avec des transistors de faible puissance connectés en parallèle | |
EP3826158B1 (fr) | Commande d'interrupteurs | |
FR2756678A1 (fr) | Generateur d'arc electrique a onduleur et a alimentation triphasee | |
EP1444768B1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de transformation d'une tension continue, et utilisation du dispositif | |
FR2557399A1 (fr) | Amplificateur de puissance lineaire | |
EP2751917B1 (fr) | Convertisseur de puissance élevée comprenant des interrupteurs de faible puissance et un dispositif de commande des interrupteurs pour la génération d'une impulsion avec une valeur de référence et au moins deux valeurs de commande | |
EP2293422B1 (fr) | Convertisseur d'un courant continu en un autre courant continu avec imbrication de signaux de commande, et système d'alimentation comprenant un tel convertisseur | |
CA2170317C (fr) | Procede de commande pour courant electrique bidirectionnel et onduleur de tension a commutation douce | |
EP0119927A1 (fr) | Amplificateur haute tension pour charge capacitive | |
EP1022855A1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de commande d'un circuit de déviation verticale d'un spot balayant un écran, en particulier pour télé viseur ou moniteur informatique | |
WO2014053559A1 (fr) | Procede de regulation d'un micro-onduleur | |
WO2020021216A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'echantillonnage ameliore | |
FR3010257A1 (fr) | Alimentation a decoupage a architecture modulable | |
FR2861918A1 (fr) | Onduleur cellulaire a taux reduit de distorsions de commutation | |
FR2802730A1 (fr) | Procede de commande d'un convertisseur d'energie electrique du type alternatif-alternatif et dispositif de commande pour la mise en oeuvre du procede |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13713193 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 001483-2014 Country of ref document: PE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14388807 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2869170 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014002635 Country of ref document: CL |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013241675 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20130329 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13713193 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |