WO2013137353A1 - Fluid machine - Google Patents
Fluid machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013137353A1 WO2013137353A1 PCT/JP2013/057085 JP2013057085W WO2013137353A1 WO 2013137353 A1 WO2013137353 A1 WO 2013137353A1 JP 2013057085 W JP2013057085 W JP 2013057085W WO 2013137353 A1 WO2013137353 A1 WO 2013137353A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- suction port
- working fluid
- fluid machine
- discharge port
- bypass
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C20/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines
- F01C20/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines characterised by using valves for controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves
- F01C20/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines characterised by using valves for controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves using bypass channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F01C1/0207—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
- F01C1/0215—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/18—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/18—Lubricating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F01C1/0207—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
- F01C1/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
- F01C1/0253—Details concerning the base
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
- F01C11/006—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of dissimilar working principle
- F01C11/008—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of dissimilar working principle and of complementary function, e.g. internal combustion engine with supercharger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01C13/04—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby for driving pumps or compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C17/00—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
- F01C17/06—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing using cranks, universal joints or similar elements
- F01C17/063—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing using cranks, universal joints or similar elements with only rolling movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/50—Bearings
- F04C2240/56—Bearing bushings or details thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid machine having a drive unit driven by a working fluid sucked from a suction port and discharging the working fluid that has passed through the drive unit from a discharge port.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a fluid machine including a bypass path that guides a working fluid (refrigerant) sucked from a suction port to a discharge port by bypassing a drive unit, and a valve mechanism that opens and closes the bypass path. Has been.
- the bypass path of the conventional fluid machine bypasses the drive unit and circulates the working fluid.
- the working fluid bypassing the drive unit has a sliding part such as a rotation prevention mechanism (ball coupling) of the drive unit. After passing through the portion to be arranged, it is discharged from the discharge port. For this reason, if the working fluid that circulates bypassing the drive unit is in a liquid phase, the liquid phase working fluid (liquid refrigerant) flows through the sliding unit, so that the lubricating oil in the sliding unit is caused to flow. There was a possibility that the lubricity of the sliding part was lowered.
- the present invention provides a fluid machine that can suppress a decrease in lubricity of a sliding portion even when the working fluid is in a liquid phase when the working fluid is circulated by bypassing the drive portion.
- the purpose is to do.
- a fluid machine includes a suction port into which a working fluid that has become high-pressure heating steam flows, a drive unit that is driven by expansion of the working fluid sucked from the suction port, A fluid machine having a discharge port through which a low-pressure working fluid flows out through the drive unit, the working fluid sucked from the suction port bypassing the sliding part of the fluid machine and the drive unit A bypass passage leading to the discharge port is provided.
- the bypass passage bypasses the sliding portion together with the driving portion and circulates the working fluid, so that even when the working fluid is in a liquid phase, the lubricating oil of the sliding portion is allowed to flow. Therefore, it can suppress that lubricity falls.
- FIG. 1 shows schematic structure of the waste heat utilization apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the pump integrated expander integrated in the said waste heat utilization apparatus. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the bypass part which comprises the said pump integrated expander.
- FIG. 1 shows a waste heat utilization apparatus 1A for a vehicle in which an expander as a fluid machine is incorporated.
- the waste heat utilization apparatus 1A is an apparatus that is mounted on a vehicle together with the engine 10 and collects and uses the waste heat of the engine 10.
- the waste heat utilization apparatus 1A includes a Rankine cycle apparatus 2A, a transmission mechanism 3 that transmits the output of the Rankine cycle apparatus 2A to the engine 10, and a control unit 4.
- the engine 10 is an internal combustion engine provided with a water-cooled cooling device, and the cooling device includes a cooling water circulation path 11 for circulating cooling water.
- the cooling water circulation path 11 is provided with the evaporator 22 of the Rankine cycle device 2A, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat from the engine 10 passes through the evaporator 22 and then returns to the engine 10 again.
- the Rankine cycle device 2A collects waste heat of engine 10 from the cooling water of engine 10, converts the recovered heat into driving force, and outputs the driving force.
- the Rankine cycle device 2A includes a circulation path 21 that circulates a working fluid, and an evaporator 22, an expander 23, a condenser 24, and a pump 25A are disposed in this circulation path 21 in this order along the flow direction of the working fluid. It is.
- the working fluid for example, a fluid based on a skeleton made of fluorocarbon is used, and lubricating oil circulates together with the working fluid, and lubrication, sealing, and cooling in the sliding portions of the expander 23 and the pump 25A are performed. Take a role such as.
- the evaporator 22 heats and evaporates (vaporizes) the working fluid by causing heat exchange between the high-temperature cooling water that has absorbed heat from the engine 10 and the working fluid of the Rankine cycle device 2A.
- the expander 23 (fluid machine) is a device that generates a driving force by expanding the working fluid that has been vaporized by the evaporator 22 and that has reached a high temperature and a high pressure. As an example, a scroll expander is used.
- the condenser 24 cools and condenses (liquefies) the working fluid by exchanging heat between the working fluid that has passed through the expander 23 and has a low pressure and the outside air.
- the pump 25 ⁇ / b> A is a mechanical pump and pumps the working fluid liquefied by the condenser 24 to the evaporator 22. As described above, the working fluid circulates in the circulation path 21 while repeating vaporization, expansion, and condensation.
- the expander 23 and the pump 25 ⁇ / b> A are connected and integrated by the rotation shaft 28, thereby providing a pump-integrated expander 29 ⁇ / b> A (fluid machine). That is, the rotary shaft 28 of the pump-integrated expander 29A has a function as an output shaft of the expander 23 and a drive shaft of the pump 25A.
- the Rankine cycle device 2A is activated by first driving the pump 25A with the output of the engine 10, and then when the expander 23 generates a sufficient driving force, the driving force of the expander 23 is changed to the pump 25A. Will come to drive.
- the transmission mechanism 3 transmits the torque (shaft torque) of the pump-integrated expander 29A, which is the output of the Rankine cycle device 2A, to the engine 10, and at the time of startup of the Rankine cycle device 2A, the output torque of the engine 10 is This is transmitted to the body expander 29A (pump unit).
- the transmission mechanism 3 includes a pulley 31 attached to the rotating shaft 28 of the pump-integrated expander 29A, a crank pulley 32 attached to the crankshaft 10a of the engine 10, a belt 33 wound around the pulley 31 and the crank pulley 32, And an electromagnetic clutch 34 provided between the rotary shaft 28 and the pulley 31 of the pump-integrated expander 29A.
- the control unit 4 including a microcomputer has a function of controlling the electromagnetic clutch 34, and controls the operation / stop of the Rankine cycle device 2A by controlling the electromagnetic clutch 34 on / off.
- the electromagnetic clutch 34 is engaged (turned on) and the pump 25A is operated by the engine 10 to circulate the working fluid (refrigerant).
- the expander 23 is activated to generate a driving force, a part of the driving force generated by the expander 23 drives the pump 25A, and the remaining driving force is transferred to the engine via the transmission mechanism 3. 10 and assists the output (driving force) of the engine 10.
- the evaporator 22 can be a device that exchanges heat between the working fluid of the Rankine cycle device 2A and the exhaust of the engine 10, and also exchanges heat with the cooling water of the engine 10. At the same time, a device for exchanging heat with the exhaust of the engine 10 can be provided.
- the expander 23 is integrally provided with a bypass path 81 for circulating a working fluid by bypassing a scroll section serving as a drive section, and a valve mechanism 83 for opening and closing the bypass path 81. Then, for example, immediately after the start of the Rankine cycle device 2A to which the electromagnetic clutch 34 is engaged, the control unit 4 controls the valve mechanism 83 to be opened to open the bypass path 81, and operates by bypassing the scroll of the expander 23. Allow fluid to circulate.
- the control unit 4 controls the valve mechanism 83 to be closed. Then, the bypass passage 81 is closed, and the working fluid is switched to a state of circulating through the scroll.
- the control unit 4 controls the valve mechanism 83 to be closed. Then, the bypass passage 81 is closed, and the working fluid is switched to a state of circulating through the scroll.
- the pump-integrated expander 29A includes the pump 25A that circulates the working fluid of the Rankine cycle apparatus 2A, and the expander 23 that generates a rotational driving force by the expansion of the working fluid heated and vaporized by the evaporator 22.
- the pump-integrated expander 29A includes the pump 25A that circulates the working fluid of the Rankine cycle apparatus 2A, and the expander 23 that generates a rotational driving force by the expansion of the working fluid heated and vaporized by the evaporator 22.
- the expander 23 of the pump-integrated expander 29A includes a fixed scroll 51 disposed at one end in the axial direction of the pump-integrated expander 29A and a orbiting scroll that is combined to be eccentrically engaged with the fixed scroll 51 ( A movable scroll) 52, a housing portion 54 having a discharge port 53, and a casing portion 56 having a suction port 55.
- the fixed scroll 51 includes a disk-shaped main body 51a, a scroll portion (spiral body) 51b standing in a rib shape on one end surface of the main body 51a, and a working fluid formed so as to penetrate the center of the main body 51a. And an inlet 51c.
- the housing part 54 is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends open, a casing part 56 is fitted inside the housing part 54, a first hollow part 54 a in which the fixed scroll 51 and the orbiting scroll 52 are accommodated, the orbiting scroll 52 and the rotating shaft 28.
- a second hollow portion 54b that supports the large-diameter portion 64 that constitutes the driven crank mechanism, and a third hollow portion 54c that supports the rotary shaft 28.
- a discharge port 53 that communicates the inner space of the first hollow portion 54a (the discharge side space of the scroll) and the external space is formed along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28 on the pump 25A side of the first hollow portion 54a. Has been.
- the casing portion 56 is integrally provided with the fixed scroll 51 on the inner side and the outer side is fitted with the cylindrical portion 56a fitted inside the first hollow portion 54a, and the working fluid introduction chamber communicated with the introduction port 51c of the fixed scroll 51. 56b, and a suction port 55 that communicates the working fluid introduction chamber 56b and the outer space of the casing portion 56 is formed along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28.
- the discharge port 53 and the suction port 55 are provided substantially parallel to each other, extending in the same angular direction from the axis of the rotary shaft 28, and arranged side by side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28.
- One end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 22 is connected to the suction port 55, and the working fluid heated by the evaporator 22 is introduced into the expander 23 through the suction port 55. .
- the working fluid introduced into the suction port 55 flows into the working fluid introduction chamber 56b and is then introduced into the center portion of the fixed scroll 51 through the introduction port 51c.
- the working fluid introduced into the center of the fixed scroll 51 pushes the wall surface of the orbiting scroll 52 to form an expansion chamber, and the working fluid is continuously supplied to move the expansion chamber to the outer peripheral side. This causes a swivel motion.
- the orbiting scroll 52 includes a disk-shaped main body 52a and a scroll portion (spiral body) 52b that is provided in a rib shape on one end surface of the main body 52a.
- a rotation prevention mechanism 60 is provided between the surface opposite to the end surface of the main body portion 52a where the scroll portion 52b is formed and the step portion 54d from the first hollow portion 54a to the second hollow portion 54b of the housing portion 54.
- the orbiting scroll 52 performs the orbiting motion with the expansion of the working fluid while the rotation preventing mechanism 60 prevents the rotation.
- the rotation prevention mechanism 60 there are Oldham coupling, pin & ring coupling, ball coupling, and the like.
- ball coupling is used, and in particular, ball coupling called EM coupling is used. (Refer to NTN TECHNICICAL REVIEW No. 68 (2000) “EM coupling for scroll compressor”).
- the EM coupling is composed of two plates and a steel ball obtained by integrally press-molding a race and a ring.
- a cylindrical portion 52c is formed to protrude from the end surface of the main body 52a of the orbiting scroll 52 on the side of the rotation prevention mechanism 60, and a drive bearing 61 is provided inside the cylindrical portion 52c.
- An eccentric bush 62 is fitted to the drive bearing 61, and a crank pin hole 62 a is formed in the eccentric bush 62.
- a large-diameter portion 64 is rotatably supported by the second hollow portion 54 b of the housing portion 54 via a bearing 63, and the large-diameter portion 64 is parallel to the rotary shaft 28 and with respect to the rotary shaft 28.
- the crank pin 64 a is erected by shifting the shaft center, and the crank pin 64 a is inserted into the crank pin hole 62 a of the eccentric bush 62.
- the rotary shaft 28 is connected to the large diameter portion 64, and the turning motion around the rotary shaft 28 of the orbiting scroll 52 is rotated by the driven crank mechanism including the eccentric bush 62, the crank pin 64 a, and the large diameter portion 64. Transmit as driving force. Further, a counterweight (balance weight) 74 for suppressing the occurrence of vibration of the expander 23 is attached to the eccentric bush 62.
- a restriction hole 64b is provided in the large diameter portion 64, and a restriction projection 62b that fits into the restriction hole 64b is provided in the eccentric bush 62. Oscillation of the eccentric bush 62 around the crank pin 64a is restricted by the engagement between the hole 64b and the restricting protrusion 62b.
- the rotary shaft 28 is supported by a bearing 65 provided in the third hollow portion 54 c of the housing portion 54 and is supported by a bearing 67 provided at an end portion of a pump housing 66 connected to the housing portion 54 to rotate.
- the pump housing 66 is provided with a pump 25A.
- the pump 25A is a gear pump as an example, and the gear pump is driven and supported by a drive gear (rotary body) supported on the rotary shaft 28, a driven shaft rotatably supported in parallel with the rotary shaft 28, and the driven shaft. And a driven gear meshing with the gear.
- the pump housing 66 is formed with a pump suction port 66a communicating with the suction port of the pump 25A and a pump discharge port 66b communicating with the discharge port of the pump 25A.
- One end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the condenser 24 is connected to the pump suction port 66a, and the working fluid condensed (liquefied) by the condenser 24 is sucked into the pump 25A.
- the pump discharge port 66b is connected to the other end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 22, and the working fluid condensed (liquefied) by the condenser 24 is pumped to the evaporator 22 so that the working fluid is Is evaporated (vaporized).
- a well-known pump can be employ
- a pulley 31 and an electromagnetic clutch 34 that constitute the transmission mechanism 3 are arranged at the end of the rotary shaft 28 that extends through the pump housing 66 to the outside.
- a cylindrical portion 66c that encloses the rotary shaft 28 is integrally formed on the end surface of the pump housing 66 opposite to the expander 23 side.
- a bearing 67 that supports the rotary shaft 28 is disposed on the inner tip side of the tubular portion 66c, and a shaft seal 68 is disposed on the bottom side (expansion device 23 side) of the tubular portion 66c.
- the clutch board 71 is attached to the front-end
- a clutch coil 73 is accommodated in an annular groove 31a formed on the end face of the pulley 31 on the expander 23 side and centering on the rotary shaft 28.
- the electromagnetic clutch 34 includes the clutch plate 71 and the clutch coil 73 described above. Consists of. When the clutch coil 73 is energized, a magnetic attractive force is generated, so that the clutch plate 71 comes into contact with the pulley 31 and the pulley 31 and the clutch plate 71 (rotary shaft 28) are interlocked. Power is transmitted between the rotary shaft 28 of the body expander 29A and the engine 10 (crankshaft 10a).
- the expander 23 of the pump-integrated expander 29 ⁇ / b> A further supplies the working fluid sucked from the suction port 55 to the drive unit (scroll unit) including the fixed scroll 51 and the orbiting scroll 52, and the rotation preventing mechanism 60.
- a bypass part 80 is provided for bypassing the moving part and leading to the discharge port 53.
- the bypass portion 80 includes a holder 82 in which a bypass passage 81 is formed, and a valve mechanism 83 that is supported by the holder 82 and opens and closes the bypass passage 81. It is sandwiched between a housing part 54 having a port 53.
- the valve mechanism 83 is an electromagnetic valve provided with a coil 83d. Further, shims 96 are sandwiched between the holder 82 and the casing portion 56 and between the housing portion 54 and the casing portion 56.
- the holder 82 includes a distal end portion 82 a where the bypass path 81 is formed and a proximal end portion 82 b that holds the coil 83 d of the valve mechanism 83, and the distal end portion 82 a is connected to the casing portion 56 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28. It is sandwiched between the housing part 54.
- An accommodation space 91 is provided between the portion of the casing portion 56 where the suction port 55 is formed and the portion of the housing portion 54 where the discharge port 53 is formed.
- the housing space 91 is a space that is surrounded by the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54 and that is open toward the outside in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 28.
- a suction side communication passage 92 communicating with the suction port 55 is opened on the surface of the casing portion 56 side that sandwiches the tip end portion 82 a of the holder 82 in the axial direction in the storage space 91, and the tip end portion 82 a is pivoted in the storage space 91.
- a discharge-side communication passage 93 communicating with the discharge port 53 is opened on the surface on the housing part 54 side sandwiched in the direction.
- a bypass path 81 extending in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28 is formed at the distal end portion 82 a of the holder 82, and the distal end portion 82 a is sandwiched between the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28. In this state, one end of the bypass passage 81 is connected to the suction-side communication passage 92, and the other end of the bypass passage 81 is connected to the discharge-side communication passage 93, thereby forming a bypass conduit for the working fluid.
- the bypass portion 80 (holder 82) is disposed between the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53, and directly communicates the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53 with the bypass passage 81 formed in the holder 82.
- the bypass path 81 formed in the holder 82 is a communication path that extends along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28 and directly communicates the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53.
- the portion of the holder 82 where the end portion on the casing portion 56 side of the bypass path 81 opens forms a cylindrical protrusion 82 c that is formed in a cylindrical shape along a direction parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 28.
- a bypass path 81 extends in the axial center portion of the protrusion 82c.
- the suction side communication passage 92 has a fitting hole (a diameter-enlarged portion) 92a having a diameter into which the cylindrical projection 82c is fitted and inserted on the holder 82 side (housing portion 54 side). That is, the suction side communication path 92 is formed with a diameter substantially equal to that of the bypass path 81 from the suction port 55 side, and is expanded to a diameter in which the outer periphery of the cylindrical protrusion 82c is fitted.
- An annular groove 82f is formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical protrusion 82c, and a seal member (O-ring) 94 formed in an annular shape by an elastic material such as rubber is fitted into the annular groove 82f.
- the bypass path 81 communicates with the suction port 55 and the position of the holder 82 in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28 is set.
- the cylindrical port portion 82 c of the holder 82 and the fitting hole portion 92 a of the casing portion 56 in other words, the suction port 55 side of the bypass path 81 is sealed by a cylindrical seal. Sealed.
- the holder 82 and the casing portion 56 abut each other in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28 between the flat portion 82e at the base portion of the cylindrical protrusion 82c and the flat portion 56c where the suction side communication passage 92 of the casing portion 56 opens.
- the shim 96 which is metal clamping plates, for example is pinched
- the clearance between the fixed scroll 51 and the orbiting scroll 52 in the axial direction 28 is adjusted.
- the bypass path 81 on the holder 82 side and the discharge side on the housing portion 54 side The communication path 93 is continuous, and the bypass path 81 is connected to the discharge port 53 via the discharge side communication path 93.
- bypass path 81 is formed from the tip of the cylindrical protrusion 82 c to the pedestal portion 82 g (planar portion), and the holder 82 is sandwiched between the housing portion 54 and the casing portion 56, whereby the suction port 55.
- discharge port 53 communicate with each other by a bypass path 81.
- An annular groove 54f is formed on the bottom surface of the recessed portion 54e so as to surround the opening of the discharge side communication passage 93, and a seal member 95 made of an elastic material such as rubber is fitted into the groove 54f. The sealing member 95 is sealed so as to surround the contact surface between the holder 82 and the housing portion 54.
- the periphery of the connection portion between the bypass path 81 on the holder 82 side and the discharge side communication passage 93 on the housing portion 54 side is sealed with a flat seal.
- the bypass passage 81 and the discharge port 53 are sealed with a flat seal.
- the seal member 95 is crushed by the holder 82 to generate a force that urges the holder 82 toward the casing portion 56, whereby the holder 82 abuts against the casing portion 56 and the holder 82 rotates.
- the position of the shaft 28 in the axial direction is positioned with reference to the casing portion 56.
- the holder 82 of the bypass unit 80 is integrally provided with a valve mechanism (pilot electromagnetic valve) 83 that is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the bypass path 81.
- the bypass path 81 includes a pipe line 81a that extends in parallel to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28 from the casing part 56 side, and a pipe line 81b that extends in parallel to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 28 from the housing part 54 side. Is formed at a position farther from the rotary shaft 28 than the pipe 81b, and the pipes 81a and 81b communicate with each other through a pipe 81c extending in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28.
- the pipe line 81c there is a seat part 81d for closing the pipe line 81c (bypass path 81) in the seated state, with the valve body 83a moving and seating from the outside in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28 to the inside.
- the plunger 83b is supported so as to be displaceable along the radial direction outside the seat portion 81d in the radial direction.
- the plunger 83b is urged toward the seat portion 81d by the coil spring (elastic body) 83c (in a direction approaching the rotation shaft 28) and resists the urging force of the coil spring 83c by the magnetic force of the coil (solenoid) 83d. Thus, it is displaced in a direction away from the sheet portion 81d (rotating shaft 28).
- the base end portion 82b of the holder 82 that accommodates the coil 83d is exposed to the outside of the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54, and a terminal (not shown) for energizing the coil 83d is exposed to the outside. (Omitted) is provided.
- a valve body 83a is supported between the plunger 83b and the seat portion 81d so as to be displaceable in the same direction as the advance / retreat direction of the plunger 83b (the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28).
- the valve body 83a is formed with a pilot path 83e penetrating in the displacement direction of the valve body 83a, and a pilot valve 83f for closing the opening of the pilot path 83e on the plunger 83b side is formed at the tip of the plunger 83b. ing.
- the plunger 83b In the non-energized state of the coil 83d, the plunger 83b is displaced toward the seat portion 81d by the biasing force of the coil spring 83c, so that the valve body 83a is seated on the seat portion 81d by being pushed by the plunger 83b, and The opening on the plunger 83b side of the pilot path 83e is closed by the pilot valve 83f, so that the flow of the working fluid through the bypass path 81 is blocked.
- the plunger 83b When the coil 83d is energized from the closed state, the plunger 83b is separated from the valve body 83a seated on the seat portion 81d by the magnetic force of the coil 83d, so that the pilot valve 83f is opened from the opening on the plunger 83b side of the pilot path 83e.
- the pilot path 83e is released and the pilot path 83e is opened.
- the pilot passage 83e is opened, the pressure in the space (main valve chamber) sandwiched between the valve body 83a and the plunger 83b is reduced to the pressure on the discharge port 53 side, while the lower outer side of the valve body 83a.
- the plunger 83b When the energization to the coil 83d is interrupted from the valve open state (energized state), the plunger 83b is displaced in the direction approaching the seat portion 81d by the biasing force of the coil spring 83c, the pilot path 83e is closed, and the plunger 83b is further closed.
- the valve body 83a is displaced in a direction approaching the seat portion 81d by being pushed, the valve body 83a is seated on the seat portion 81d and returns to the valve closed state, and the valve 83 is closed while the coil 83d is continuously de-energized. Hold.
- the valve mechanism 83 that opens and closes the bypass passage 81 is a so-called pilot-type electromagnetic valve that includes the valve body 83a, the plunger 83b, the coil spring 83c, the coil 83d, and the like.
- the valve mechanism 83 is not limited to a pilot-type electromagnetic valve that drives a valve body using a pressure difference between fluids, and is a direct-acting electromagnetic valve that mechanically opens and closes the valve body by driving a movable core. can do.
- the control unit 4 energizes the coil 83d to open the valve mechanism 83, and the intake port 55 and the discharge port 53 are connected.
- a bypass path is opened in which the working fluid that has flowed into the expander 23 from the suction port 55 is directly led to the discharge port 53 via the bypass path 81 and discharged to the outside of the expander 23.
- the working fluid is circulated by bypassing the sliding portions such as the scrolls 51 and 52 as drive units and the rotation preventing mechanism 60 and the drive bearing 61 of the orbiting scroll 52.
- the bypass path formed by the bypass path 81 has no sliding portions such as the rotation prevention mechanism 60 and the drive bearing 61 of the orbiting scroll 52, the gas-liquid mixed state is obtained when the bypass path 81 is opened. Or even if the working fluid in a liquid phase is circulated, the outflow of the lubricating oil in the sliding portion can be suppressed, and the lubricity of the sliding portion can be sufficiently maintained.
- the orientation of the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53 in the installed state of the pump-integrated expander 29A is not limited, the direction of sliding when the bypass passage 81 is open is not limited. It is preferable to set the direction so that the outflow of the lubricating oil from the moving part can be suppressed as much as possible.
- the pump-integrated expander 29A is arranged so that the axes of the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53 become horizontal or descending from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28.
- the outflow of the lubricating oil from the sliding portion in other words, the flow of the liquid phase working fluid into the sliding portion can be effectively suppressed.
- the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53 are installed so that the axes of the rotary shaft 28 are vertically downward from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, the working fluid in the liquid phase is separated from the bypass path. Can be made as small as possible.
- the expander 23 is integrally provided with a bypass path 81 and a valve mechanism 83 that opens and closes the bypass path 81, a bypass path having a valve mechanism is connected to a pipe for circulating a working fluid. Compared with the case where it does, the circulation circuit of the working fluid in Rankine cycle device 2A can be simplified.
- a holder 82 (bypass portion 80) having a bypass passage 81 and integrally including a valve mechanism 83 is connected to a casing portion 56 in which a suction port 55 is formed, and a housing portion 54 in which a discharge port 53 is formed. Therefore, the bypass path 81 and the valve mechanism 83 can be provided with a simple structure with respect to the expander 23 (fluid machine), the processing of the expander 23 is simplified, and the shaft of the expander 23 is provided. Expansion of the direction length can be suppressed. Further, in the valve mechanism 83, the movement direction of the plunger 83b and the valve body 83a is set in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28.
- the movement space of the plunger 83b and the valve body 83a is long in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 28 and moves. Compared with the case where the direction is a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 28, the axial length of the expander 23 can be suppressed.
- the coil (solenoid) 83d of the valve mechanism 83 is accommodated in the base end portion 82b of the holder 82 exposed to the outside of the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54, heat can be efficiently radiated from the coil 83d. it can.
- the coil (solenoid) 83d which is a large component among the components constituting the valve mechanism 83, is arranged outside the portion sandwiched between the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54, the coil (solenoid) 83d There is no need to secure the accommodation space in a portion sandwiched between the casing portion 56 and the housing portion 54, and the axial length of the expander 23 can also be suppressed by this.
- one connection portion of the bypass path 81 is a cylindrical seal, and the other connection portion is a planar seal.
- the holder 82 (bypass portion 80) can be easily positioned while blocking the leakage path of the working fluid.
- the expander 23 shown in FIG. 2 is integrally provided with the pump 25A.
- a generator can be integrally provided with the expander 23.
- the above bypass structure can also be applied to an expander that does not include a generator.
- the expander 23 may be a rotary expander provided with a rotary piston as a drive unit in addition to the scroll type.
- the cylindrical projection 82c of the holder 82 is provided on the surface facing the housing portion 54, the cylindrical projection 82c is fitted into the discharge side communication passage 93, and the pedestal portion 82g of the holder 82 is connected to the casing portion.
- the base portion 82g can be abutted against the surface of the casing portion 56 where the suction side communication passage 92 is opened.
- the connecting portion on the housing portion 54 side of the bypass passage 81 can be sealed with a cylindrical seal
- the connecting portion on the casing portion 56 side of the bypass passage 81 can be sealed with a flat seal.
- the extending direction of the suction port 55 and the discharge port 53 is not limited to the radial direction of the rotation shaft 28, and for example, the suction port 55 can be configured to extend in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 28.
- the bypass path 81 connects, for example, the working fluid introduction chamber 56b and the discharge port 53, or discharges the suction port 55 or the working fluid introduction chamber 56b.
- the discharge side space immediately before the port 53 can be connected. That is, the bypass path 81 can be variously modified within a range in which a bypass path that does not pass through sliding portions such as the rotation prevention mechanism 60 and the drive bearing 61 of the orbiting scroll 52 is formed.
- the fluid machine is not limited to the expander 23, and may be a compressor.
- fluid machines, such as the expander 23, are not limited to what is integrated in a waste-heat utilization apparatus (Rankine cycle apparatus).
- Cylindrical protrusion 83 ... Valve mechanism, 83a ... Valve body, 83b ... Plunger, 83c ... Coil spring , 83d ... Coils 83d, 92 ... Suction side communication path, 92a ... Fitting hole (diameter-enlarged portion), 93 ... Discharge side communication path
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Abstract
Description
このため、駆動部をバイパスして循環する作動流体が液相状態であると、摺動部に液相の作動流体(液冷媒)が流れることで、摺動部の潤滑油が流されてしまい、摺動部の潤滑性が低下する可能性があった。 However, the bypass path of the conventional fluid machine bypasses the drive unit and circulates the working fluid. However, the working fluid bypassing the drive unit has a sliding part such as a rotation prevention mechanism (ball coupling) of the drive unit. After passing through the portion to be arranged, it is discharged from the discharge port.
For this reason, if the working fluid that circulates bypassing the drive unit is in a liquid phase, the liquid phase working fluid (liquid refrigerant) flows through the sliding unit, so that the lubricating oil in the sliding unit is caused to flow. There was a possibility that the lubricity of the sliding part was lowered.
図1は、流体機械としての膨張機が組み込まれる車両用の廃熱利用装置1Aを示す。
廃熱利用装置1Aは、エンジン10と共に車両に搭載され、エンジン10の廃熱を回収して利用する装置である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a waste
The waste
エンジン10は、水冷式の冷却装置を備えた内燃機関であり、前記冷却装置は、冷却水を循環させる冷却水循環路11を備える。
冷却水循環路11には、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの蒸発器22を配置してあり、エンジン10から熱を吸収した冷却水を、蒸発器22を通過させてから再度エンジン10に戻す。 The waste
The
The cooling
ランキンサイクル装置2Aは、作動流体を循環させる循環路21を備え、この循環路21に、作動流体の流れ方向に沿って、蒸発器22、膨張機23、凝縮器24及びポンプ25Aをこの順に配置してある。
前記作動流体(冷媒)としては、例えばフルオロカーボンからなる骨格を基本とするものが用いられ、また、潤滑油が作動流体と共に循環し、膨張機23やポンプ25Aの摺動部における潤滑、密封、冷却等の役割を担う。 Rankine cycle device 2 </ b> A collects waste heat of
The Rankine
As the working fluid (refrigerant), for example, a fluid based on a skeleton made of fluorocarbon is used, and lubricating oil circulates together with the working fluid, and lubrication, sealing, and cooling in the sliding portions of the
膨張機23(流体機械)は、蒸発器22で気化し高温,高圧となった作動流体を膨張させることで、駆動力を発生する装置であり、一例としてスクロール型膨張機を用いる。 The
The expander 23 (fluid machine) is a device that generates a driving force by expanding the working fluid that has been vaporized by the
ポンプ25Aは機械式ポンプであり、凝縮器24で液化した作動流体を蒸発器22へと圧送する。
このように、作動流体は、気化、膨張、凝縮を繰り返しながら循環路21を循環する。 The
The pump 25 </ b> A is a mechanical pump and pumps the working fluid liquefied by the
As described above, the working fluid circulates in the
そして、ランキンサイクル装置2Aは、まずエンジン10の出力によってポンプ25Aを駆動することによって起動し、その後、膨張機23が十分な駆動力を発生するようになると、膨張機23の駆動力がポンプ25Aを駆動するようになる。 Here, the
The Rankine
伝達機構3は、ポンプ一体型膨張機29Aの回転軸28に取り付けたプーリ31と、エンジン10のクランクシャフト10aに取り付けたクランクプーリ32と、プーリ31及びクランクプーリ32に巻回したベルト33と、ポンプ一体型膨張機29Aの回転軸28とプーリ31との間に設けた電磁クラッチ34と、を備える。 The
The
マイクロコンピュータを備える制御ユニット4は、電磁クラッチ34を制御する機能を有し、電磁クラッチ34をオン/オフ制御することで、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの作動/停止を制御する。 Then, by turning on (engaging) / off (releasing) the
The
そして、膨張機23が作動して駆動力を発生するようになると、膨張機23で発生した駆動力の一部がポンプ25Aを駆動し、その余の駆動力を、伝達機構3を介してエンジン10に伝達し、エンジン10の出力(駆動力)をアシストする。 That is, when the
When the
尚、蒸発器22を、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの作動流体と、エンジン10の排気との間で熱交換を行う装置とすることができ、また、エンジン10の冷却水との間で熱交換を行うと共に、エンジン10の排気との間で熱交換を行う装置とすることができる。 Further, when the operating condition of the Rankine
The
そして、制御ユニット4は、例えば、電磁クラッチ34を締結させたランキンサイクル装置2Aの起動直後において、弁機構83を開に制御してバイパス路81を開き、膨張機23のスクロールを迂回させて作動流体を循環させるようにする。 Further, the
Then, for example, immediately after the start of the Rankine
このように、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの起動直後に、膨張機23のスクロールを迂回して作動流体を循環させるようにすれば、蒸発器22内の圧力が低下して作動流体の蒸発温度が低くなるため、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの起動性を向上させることができる。また、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの停止時、電磁クラッチ34を解放(オフ)した時に、残圧力によって高回転になってしまうのを防ぐために、バイパス路81を開にする。 Thereafter, for example, when the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the
Thus, if the working fluid is circulated by bypassing the scroll of the
ポンプ一体型膨張機29Aは、前述のように、ランキンサイクル装置2Aの作動流体を循環させるポンプ25Aと、蒸発器22で加熱されて気化した作動流体の膨張によって回転駆動力を発生する膨張機23とが共通の回転軸28によって駆動される流体機械であり、伝達機構3を構成するプーリ31及び電磁クラッチ34を備えている。 Next, the structure of the pump-integrated
As described above, the pump-integrated
固定スクロール51は、円盤状の本体部51aと、本体部51aの一端面にリブ状に立設したスクロール部(渦巻き体)51bと、本体部51aの中央を貫通するように形成した作動流体の導入口51cとを有する。 The
The
そして、第1中空部54aのポンプ25A側に、第1中空部54aの内空間(スクロールの吐出側空間)と外部空間とを連通させる吐出ポート53が、回転軸28の径方向に沿って形成されている。 The
A
ここで、吐出ポート53及び吸入ポート55は、相互に略平行に、かつ、回転軸28の軸心から同一の角度方向に向けて延設され、回転軸28の軸方向に並んで設けられる。 The
Here, the
吸入ポート55に導入された作動流体は、作動流体導入室56bに流入した後、導入口51cを介して固定スクロール51の中心部に導入される。
固定スクロール51の中心部に導入された作動流体は、旋回スクロール52の壁面を押して膨張室を形成し、作動流体が連続して供給されることで膨張室を外周側に移動させ、旋回スクロール52の旋回運動を生じさせる。 One end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the
The working fluid introduced into the
The working fluid introduced into the center of the fixed
旋回スクロール52は、円盤状の本体部52aと、本体部52aの一端面にリブ状に立設したスクロール部(渦巻き体)52bとを有する。 One end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the inlet of the
The orbiting
尚、自転阻止機構60としては、オルダムカップリング、ピン&リングカップリング、ボールカップリングなどがあるが、ここでは、ボールカップリングを用いており、特に、EMカップリングと呼ばれるボールカップリングを用いている(NTN TECHNICAL REVIEW No.68(2000)「スクロールコンプレッサ用EMカップリングについて」参照)。EMカップリングは、レースとリングを一体プレス成形した2枚のプレートと鋼球とから構成される。 Here, a
As the
一方、ハウジング部54の第2中空部54bには、ベアリング63を介して大径部64が回転可能に支持され、この大径部64には、回転軸28と平行にかつ回転軸28に対して軸心をずらしてクランクピン64aを立設してあり、クランクピン64aは、前記偏心ブッシュ62のクランクピン孔62aに挿通される。 A
On the other hand, a large-
また、膨張機23の振動発生を抑制するためのカウンタウェイト(バランスウェイト)74を、偏心ブッシュ62に対して取り付けてある。 The
Further, a counterweight (balance weight) 74 for suppressing the occurrence of vibration of the
回転軸28は、ハウジング部54の第3中空部54cに設けたベアリング65に支持されると共に、ハウジング部54に連結されるポンプハウジング66の端部に設けたベアリング67に支持されて回転する。 Further, in order to restrict the turning radius of the orbiting
The
ポンプハウジング66には、ポンプ25Aの吸入口に連通するポンプ吸入ポート66a、及び、ポンプ25Aの吐出口に連通するポンプ吐出ポート66bが形成される。 The
The
尚、ポンプ25Aとして、公知のポンプを適宜採用でき、ギヤポンプの他、ベーンポンプなどを用いることができる。
ポンプハウジング66を貫通して外部に延設した回転軸28の端部には、伝達機構3を構成するプーリ31と電磁クラッチ34とを配置してある。 One end of a pipe whose one end is connected to the outlet of the
In addition, a well-known pump can be employ | adopted suitably as the
A
そして、筒状部66cから突き出た回転軸28の先端にクラッチ板71を取り付け、また、筒状部66cの外周に、ベアリング72を介してプーリ31を回転可能に取り付けてある。 A
And the
そして、クラッチコイル73に通電すると、磁気吸引力が発生することでクラッチ板71がプーリ31に接触し、プーリ31とクラッチ板71(回転軸28)とが連動するようになり、結果、ポンプ一体型膨張機29Aの回転軸28とエンジン10(クランクシャフト10a)との間で動力の伝達が行われるようになる。 Furthermore, a
When the
バイパス部80は、バイパス路81が形成されるホルダ82と、該ホルダ82に支持されてバイパス路81を開閉する弁機構83と、を有し、吸入ポート55を備えたケーシング部56と、吐出ポート53を備えたハウジング部54との間に挟持される。
なお、弁機構83は、コイル83dを備えた電磁弁である。また、ホルダ82とケーシング部56との間、及び、ハウジング部54とケーシング部56との間には、シム96を挟着してある。 The
The
The
ホルダ82は、バイパス路81が形成される先端部82aと、弁機構83のコイル83dなどを保持する基端部82bとからなり、先端部82aが、回転軸28の軸方向においてケーシング部56とハウジング部54との間に挟持される。
ケーシング部56の吸入ポート55が形成される部分と、ハウジング部54の吐出ポート53が形成される部分との間に、ホルダ82の先端部82aを挟持するための収容空間91を設けてある。前記収容空間91は、ケーシング部56及びハウジング部54で囲まれる、有底で、かつ、回転軸28の径方向の外方に向けて開放される空間である。 Below, the detail of the
The
An
そして、ホルダ82の先端部82aには、回転軸28の軸方向に延びるバイパス路81が形成され、先端部82aが、回転軸28の軸方向においてケーシング部56とハウジング部54との間に挟持された状態で、バイパス路81の一端が吸入側連通路92に接続され、バイパス路81の他端が吐出側連通路93に接続されることで、作動流体のバイパス管路が形成される。 A suction
A
バイパス路81のケーシング部56側の端部が開口するホルダ82の部分は、回転軸28の軸に平行な方向に沿って円筒状に突出形成された円筒状突起部82cをなし、この円筒状突起部82cの軸心部分にバイパス路81が延設されている。 Thus, the bypass portion 80 (holder 82) is disposed between the
The portion of the
また、円筒状突起部82cの外周には、環状に溝82fが形成されており、ゴムなどの弾性材料で環状に形成したシール部材(Oリング)94を環状溝82fに嵌め込み、円筒状突起部82cを嵌合孔部92aに嵌挿させると、円筒状突起部82cの外周と、吸入側連通路92の嵌合孔部92aの内周との隙間が、シール部材94によってシールされる。 On the other hand, the suction
An
ホルダ82とケーシング部56との回転軸28の軸方向における突き当りは、円筒状突起部82cの根本部分の平面部82eと、ケーシング部56の吸入側連通路92が開口する平面部56cとの間で行われる。そして、係るホルダ82とケーシング部56との間、及び、ハウジング部54とケーシング部56との間には、例えば金属製の挟み板であるシム96を挟着してあり、このシムによって回転軸28の軸方向における固定スクロール51と旋回スクロール52との隙間が調整される。 That is, by fitting the
The
そして、ホルダ82をハウジング部54とケーシング部56との間に挟持するときに、台座部82gが凹陥部54eに遊嵌されると、ホルダ82側のバイパス路81とハウジング部54側の吐出側連通路93とが連続し、バイパス路81が吐出側連通路93を介して吐出ポート53に接続される。 In addition, a
When the
凹陥部54eの底面には、吐出側連通路93の開口を囲むように、環状に溝54fを形成してあり、この溝54fに、ゴムなどの弾性材料で形成したシール部材95を嵌め込み、このシール部材95によって、ホルダ82とハウジング部54との突き当り面を囲むようにしてシールする。即ち、ホルダ82側のバイパス路81とハウジング部54側の吐出側連通路93との接続部は、その周囲が平面シールでシールされる。換言すれば、バイパス路81と吐出ポート53は、平面シールでシールされる。 In other words, the
An
また、バイパス部80のホルダ82は、バイパス路81を開閉する電磁弁である弁機構(パイロット式電磁弁)83を一体的に備えている。 The
The
管路81cには、回転軸28の径方向の外側から内側に向けて弁体83aが移動して着座し、係る着座状態で管路81c(バイパス路81)を閉塞するためのシート部81dが形成されており、また、シート部81dよりも前記径方向の外側において前記径方向に沿って変位可能に、プランジャ83bを支持してある。 The
In the
ここで、コイル83dを収容するホルダ82の基端部82bは、ケーシング部56及びハウジング部54の外部に露出し、この外部に露出する部分に、コイル83dへの通電を行うための端子(図示省略)が設けられる。 The
Here, the
弁体83aには、弁体83aの変位方向に貫通するパイロット路83eが形成されており、プランジャ83bの先端には、前記パイロット路83eのプランジャ83b側の開口を閉塞するパイロット弁83fが形成されている。 A
The
パイロット路83eが開放されると、弁体83aとプランジャ83bとで挟まれる空間(主弁室)内の圧力が、吐出ポート53側の圧力にまで低下する一方、弁体83aの外方下側には、吸入ポート55側の高圧が作用し、係る圧力差によって弁体83aがリフトしてシート部81dから離れ、バイバス路81を介して作動流体が流れる開弁状態となり、コイル83dへの通電が継続されている間、開弁状態を保持する。 When the
When the
このように、バイパス路81を開閉する弁機構83は、弁体83a、プランジャ83b、コイルバネ83c、コイル83dなどで構成される、所謂パイロット式の電磁弁である。
尚、弁機構83は、流体の圧力差を用いて弁体を駆動させるパイロット式の電磁弁に限定されず、可動コアの駆動によって機械的に弁体を開閉動作させる直動式の電磁弁とすることができる。 When the energization to the
Thus, the
The
このように、バイパス路81によって形成されるバイパス経路に、旋回スクロール52の自転阻止機構60やドライブベアリング61などの摺動部がないから、バイパス路81を開放しているときに気液混合状態又は液相状態の作動流体が循環されても、摺動部における潤滑油の流出を抑制でき、摺動部の潤滑性を十分に維持できる。 For example, immediately after the start of the
As described above, since the bypass path formed by the
また、上記の膨張機23は、バイパス路81と当該バイパス路81を開閉する弁機構83とを一体的に備えるから、作動流体を循環させるための配管に、弁機構を備えたバイパス路を接続する場合に比べて、ランキンサイクル装置2Aにおける作動流体の循環回路を簡略化できる。 Although the orientation of the
Moreover, since the
また、弁機構83は、プランジャ83b及び弁体83aの移動方向が、回転軸28の径方向に設定されるから、プランジャ83b及び弁体83aの移動空間は回転軸28の径方向に長く、移動方向を回転軸28と平行な方向とする場合に比べて、膨張機23の軸方向長さを抑制できる。 In addition, a holder 82 (bypass portion 80) having a
Further, in the
また、弁機構83を構成する部品の中でサイズが大きな部品であるコイル(ソレノイド)83dを、ケーシング部56とハウジング部54とで挟まれる部分の外側に配置するから、コイル(ソレノイド)83dの収容空間を、ケーシング部56とハウジング部54とで挟まれる部分に確保する必要がなく、これによっても、膨張機23の軸方向長さを抑制できる。
また、ケーシング部56とハウジング部54との間にホルダ82(バイパス部80)を挟持する構造において、バイパス路81の一方の接続部を円筒シールとし、他方の接続部を平面シールとするから、作動流体の漏れ経路を遮断しつつ、ホルダ82(バイパス部80)の位置決めを容易に行える。 Furthermore, since the coil (solenoid) 83d of the
In addition, since the coil (solenoid) 83d, which is a large component among the components constituting the
Further, in the structure in which the holder 82 (bypass portion 80) is sandwiched between the
例えば、図2に示した膨張機23は、ポンプ25Aを一体的に備えるが、ポンプ25Aに代えて又はポンプ25A共に発電機を膨張機23と一体的に備えることができ、また、ポンプ25Aや発電機を備えない膨張機にも、上記のバイパス構造を適用できる。
また、膨張機23は、スクロール式の他、駆動部としてロータリーピストンを備えたロータリー式の膨張機とすることができる。 Although the contents of the present invention have been specifically described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can take various modifications based on the basic technical idea and teachings of the present invention. It is.
For example, the
The
また、吸入ポート55,吐出ポート53の延設方向を回転軸28の径方向に限定するものではなく、例えば、吸入ポート55が回転軸28の軸方向に延びる構成とすることができる。 Further, the
Further, the extending direction of the
また、流体機械は、膨張機23に限定されず、圧縮機とすることができる。
更に、膨張機23などの流体機械は、廃熱利用装置(ランキンサイクル装置)に組み込まれるものに限定されるものではない。 In addition to the configuration in which the
Further, the fluid machine is not limited to the
Furthermore, fluid machines, such as the
Claims (6)
- 高圧の加熱蒸気となった作動流体が流入する吸入ポートと、
前記吸入ポートから吸入した作動流体の膨張によって駆動される駆動部と、
前記駆動部を通過して低圧となった作動流体が流出する吐出ポートとを有する流体機械であって、
前記吸入ポートから吸入した作動流体を、前記流体機械の摺動部及び前記駆動部を迂回して前記吐出ポートに導くバイパス路を備えた、流体機械。 A suction port into which the working fluid that has become high-pressure heating steam flows,
A drive unit driven by expansion of the working fluid sucked from the suction port;
A fluid machine having a discharge port through which the working fluid that has passed through the drive unit and has a low pressure flows out,
A fluid machine comprising a bypass passage for guiding the working fluid sucked from the suction port to the discharge port while bypassing the sliding portion and the drive portion of the fluid machine. - 前記バイパス路が、前記吸入ポートと前記吐出ポートとを連通させる連通路である、請求項1記載の流体機械。 The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the bypass path is a communication path that connects the suction port and the discharge port.
- 前記吸入ポート及び前記吐出ポートが、前記駆動部の回転軸の径方向に延び、かつ、前記回転軸の軸方向に並んで設けられ、
前記バイパス路が、前記駆動部の回転軸の軸方向に延びて前記吸入ポートと前記吐出ポートとを連通させる、請求項2記載の流体機械。 The suction port and the discharge port extend in the radial direction of the rotary shaft of the drive unit, and are provided side by side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft,
3. The fluid machine according to claim 2, wherein the bypass passage extends in an axial direction of a rotation shaft of the drive unit to communicate the suction port and the discharge port. - 前記バイパス路を開閉する弁機構を備え、前記弁機構は、弁体を前記駆動部の回転軸の径方向に変位させて前記バイパス路を開閉する、請求項3記載の流体機械。 4. The fluid machine according to claim 3, further comprising a valve mechanism for opening and closing the bypass path, wherein the valve mechanism opens and closes the bypass path by displacing a valve body in a radial direction of a rotation shaft of the drive unit.
- 前記流体機械が、前記駆動部として、固定スクロールと可動スクロールとからなるスクロール部を備え、前記摺動部として、前記可動スクロールの自転を阻止する自転阻止機構を含む、請求項1記載の流体機械。 2. The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the fluid machine includes a scroll portion including a fixed scroll and a movable scroll as the drive portion, and includes a rotation prevention mechanism that prevents rotation of the movable scroll as the sliding portion. .
- 前記流体機械が、スクロール型膨張機であって、かつ、車両用エンジンの廃熱を回収して利用するランキンサイクル装置に組み込まれる、請求項5記載の流体機械。 The fluid machine according to claim 5, wherein the fluid machine is a scroll type expander, and is incorporated in a Rankine cycle device that collects and uses waste heat of a vehicle engine.
Priority Applications (3)
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DE112013001447.5T DE112013001447B4 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-03-13 | fluid machine |
CN201380014043.9A CN104169526A (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-03-13 | Fluid machine |
US14/385,444 US20150033743A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-03-13 | Fluid Machine |
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JP2012057341A JP5969226B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2012-03-14 | Fluid machinery |
JP2012-057341 | 2012-03-14 |
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PCT/JP2013/057085 WO2013137353A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2013-03-13 | Fluid machine |
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US (1) | US20150033743A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5969226B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104169526A (en) |
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JP5804879B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-11-04 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Waste heat utilization equipment |
JP6143755B2 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2017-06-07 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | Engine waste heat utilization device |
DE102013226742A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Mahle International Gmbh | flow machine |
JP6228027B2 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2017-11-08 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | Scroll expander |
DE102016224323A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | System for operating an internal combustion engine |
WO2019114903A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | Hans Jensen Lubricators A/S | Large slow-running two-stroke engine and method of lubricating such engine, as well as an injector for such engine and method and a valve system and use thereof |
SE543286C2 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-11-17 | Scania Cv Ab | Control unit, waste heat recovery system, vehicle comprising such a system, and method for starting an expansion device of a waste heat recovery system |
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2013
- 2013-03-13 CN CN201380014043.9A patent/CN104169526A/en active Pending
- 2013-03-13 US US14/385,444 patent/US20150033743A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-13 DE DE112013001447.5T patent/DE112013001447B4/en active Active
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DE112013001447T5 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
JP2013189930A (en) | 2013-09-26 |
US20150033743A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
JP5969226B2 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
CN104169526A (en) | 2014-11-26 |
DE112013001447B4 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
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