WO2013120449A1

WO2013120449A1 - Composite apparatus with contra-rotating turbines and engine system including same

Info

Publication number: WO2013120449A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/071577
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张扬军; 赵荣超; 诸葛伟林; 郑新前; 张俊跃; 胡力峰
Original assignee: 清华大学
Priority date: 2012-02-13
Filing date: 2013-02-08
Publication date: 2013-08-22
Also published as: CN102536432A

Abstract

Disclosed is a composite apparatus with contra-rotating turbines (100), comprising a charging turbine (1) and a power turbine (2). The power turbine (2) and the charging turbine (1) are coupled and the axes of rotation of the power turbine (2) and the charging turbine (1) are the same but the rotational direction is reversed. The inlet angle of a rotor blade of the power turbine (2) is made to match the outlet angle of a blade of the charging turbine (1) so that the gas stream from the outlet of the charging turbine (1) directly enters the rotor of the power turbine (2) at a predetermined angle to act thereupon. Moreover, further disclosed is an engine system (200) comprising the composite apparatus with contra-rotating turbines (100). Guide blades between the charging turbine (1) and the power turbine (2) are removed in the composite apparatus with contra-rotating turbines (100), making the structure denser and avoiding flow loss caused by guide blades.

Description

Counter-rotating turbo compound device and engine system having the same

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of exhaust gas recovery systems for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to a counter-rotating turbine composite device and an engine system having the same. Background technique

In an internal combustion engine, a turbo compound is used to recover exhaust gas energy of an internal combustion engine, thereby improving the efficiency of the internal combustion engine. A turbocharger and a power turbine are connected in series in the exhaust pipe of the turbo compound engine. The turbocharger is used to drive the compressor to increase the intake density and increase the engine cylinder lift power. The power turbine is used to recover the exhaust energy and convert it into a mechanical machine. Power output to improve total engine power and fuel economy. Power turbines are typically installed downstream of the booster turbine, and the overall efficiency of the booster turbine and power turbine has a significant impact on engine performance.

At present, the matching between the supercharged turbine and the power turbine is mainly based on flow matching. The design of the supercharged turbine and the power turbine is relatively independent. The coupling between the supercharged turbine outlet flow field and the power turbine inlet flow field is not considered, so the inlet of the power turbine needs to be installed. The guide vanes adjust the air flow at the outlet of the booster turbine to ensure that the airflow enters the rotor of the power turbine at a suitable angle for work. Summary of the invention

The present invention is based on the discovery by the inventors of the fact that the guide vanes between the outlet of the supercharged turbine and the inlet of the power turbine increase the axial length of the turbocompound system, resulting in a larger volume of the turbocompound system; Loss and reduce the efficiency of the turbocompound system; The installation angle of the guide vanes is fixed, which can only meet the matching requirements of the turbocharger and the power turbine of a specific operating condition of the engine, resulting in poor adaptability of the turbine composite system.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a counter-rotating turbo compound device that eliminates the guide vanes while ensuring smooth airflow, and that is compact in structure, high in efficiency, and adaptable to variable working conditions.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an engine system having the above-described counter-rotating turbo compounding device.

A counter-rotating turbo compound device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a turbocharger; and a power turbine, the power turbine being coupled to the booster turbine, and the power turbine and the turbocharger The axes of rotation are the same and the directions of rotation are opposite, the blade inlet angle of the power turbine rotor being configured to match the blade exit angle of the boost turbine such that the outlet airflow of the boost turbine directly enters the power turbine at a predetermined angle Work inside the rotor.

A counter-rotating turbocombiner according to an embodiment of the present invention, by configuring a blade inlet angle of a power turbine rotor to match a blade exit angle of a boost turbine such that an outlet flow of the boost turbine directly enters the rotor of the power turbine at a predetermined angle Work, compared with the traditional turbo composite device, the guide vanes between the supercharged turbine and the power turbine are eliminated, the structure is more compact, and the flow loss caused by the guide vanes is avoided, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the turbo compound device and the engine row. The utilization of gas energy improves the fuel economy of the engine. When the engine operating conditions change, it can also avoid the flow loss caused by the inconsistency between the installation angle of the guide vane and the airflow direction of the booster turbine outlet, and improve the turbo complex. The adaptability of the combined working condition of the device improves the performance of the full working condition of the engine.

In addition, the counter-rotating turbo compounding device according to the present invention has the following additional technical features:

In one embodiment of the invention, the booster turbine is a radial turbine.

In another embodiment of the invention, the booster turbine is a mixed flow turbine.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the power turbine is an axial flow turbine.

Preferably, the blade exit angle of the power turbine is configured to cause the outlet airflow of the power turbine to flow at a speed close to the axial direction. Thereby, the kinetic energy loss of the power turbine is reduced.

An engine system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, comprising: an engine; a counter-rotating turbo compound device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the booster turbine is installed downstream of an exhaust manifold of the engine Receiving a flow of air exhausted by the engine, and the power turbine is disposed downstream of the booster turbine; a compressor that is coupled to the booster turbine and driven by the booster turbine to enter The air flow is supercharged; an intercooler connected between the compressor and the cylinder of the engine to cool and feed the supercharged airflow into the cylinder of the engine; and hydraulic a coupler, an input shaft of the fluid coupling and the power turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention, by providing a counter-rotating turbo compound device, making the engine system compact, fully utilizing waste energy, and improving engine fuel economy , reduce harmful gas emissions and improve the overall performance of the engine system.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the engine system further includes: a first transmission assembly coupled between the input shaft of the fluid coupling and the power turbine.

In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, the engine system further includes: a second transmission assembly coupled between the output shaft of the fluid coupling and the crankshaft.

Optionally, the first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively a primary gear transmission component.

According to the engine system of the embodiment of the invention, the turbocharger is coaxially connected with the compressor, and the turbocharger drives the compressor to pressurize the airflow entering the compressor, and the supercharged airflow is cooled by the intercooler and then enters the engine. In the cylinder, increase the intake density and increase the cylinder lift power of the engine. At the same time, the exhaust gas after the engine works enters the blades of the supercharged turbine, and then flows out of the supercharged turbine in the axial direction. After passing through the cavity formed by the body and the outer wall, it enters the power turbine axially, and the power turbine will exhaust the energy of the exhaust gas. Converting to mechanical work, the power turbine is connected to the input shaft of the fluid coupling via the first transmission component, and the output shaft of the fluid coupling is connected to the crankshaft of the engine via the second transmission component, and finally the recovery work of the power turbine is transmitted to the crankshaft. In addition, the total engine power and fuel economy are improved, and the conventional guide vanes are eliminated, the flow loss is reduced, the efficiency of the turbo compound device is improved, and the overall performance of the engine system is improved, and the engine system structure is more compact.

The additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows. DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments Obvious and easy to understand, where:

1 is a cross-sectional view of a counter-rotating turbo compounding device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing the blade shape of the counter-rotating turbo compound device of the radial turbine shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a blade type of the counter-rotating turbo compound device of the turbo turbine shown in FIG. Schematic; and Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of an engine system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship of the "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying The device or component referred to has a particular orientation, is constructed and operated in a particular orientation and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Further, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more unless otherwise stated.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of the specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. Moreover, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

Additionally, the structure of the first feature described below "on" the second feature may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may include additional features formed between the first and second features. The embodiment, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

A counter-rotating turbo compound device 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, which is disposed in an engine system 200 for recovering engine exhaust energy, that is, exhaust gas, is described below with reference to FIGS. The energy that it has.

The counter-rotating turbo compound device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, includes: a turbocharger 1 and a power turbine 2, wherein the power turbine 2 is coupled with the turbocharger 1 and the power turbine 2 is supercharged The rotation axes of the turbine 1 are the same and the rotation directions are opposite, and the blade inlet angle (not shown) of the power turbine 2 rotor is configured to match the blade exit angle (not shown) of the turbocharger 1 to make the turbocharger 1 The outlet airflow directly enters the rotor of the power turbine 2 at a predetermined angle to perform work. As shown by the arrows in Fig. 1, the exhaust gas first enters into the vane 10 of the supercharged turbine 1, and then flows out of the supercharging turbine 1 in the axial direction, passes through the cavity 22 formed by the crucible 20 and the outer wall 21, and enters in the axial direction. The power turbine 2 finally flows out of the power turbine 2.

The counter-rotating turbo compound device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention configures the blade inlet angle of the power turbine 2 rotor to match the blade exit angle of the turbocharger 1 such that the outlet airflow of the turbocharger 1 directly enters the power at a predetermined angle The work in the rotor of the turbine 2 eliminates the guide vanes between the supercharged turbine and the power turbine compared to the conventional turbo composite device, the structure is more compact, and the flow loss caused by the guide vanes is avoided, thereby improving the turbo compound device 100. The overall efficiency increases the utilization of engine exhaust energy and improves the fuel economy of the engine. When the engine operating conditions change, the flow loss caused by the inconsistency between the installation angle of the guide vanes and the flow direction of the supercharger turbine outlet can be avoided, the adaptability of the variable working condition of the turbo compound device can be improved, and the performance of the full working condition of the engine can be improved.

In one embodiment of the invention, the boost turbine 1 is a radial turbine and the power turbine 2 is an axial turbine. At this time, as shown in Fig. 2, the blade 10 linear velocities U0 and U1 of the turbomachine 1 are vertically upward, and the blade 23 linear velocities U2 and U3 of the power turbine 2 are vertically downward. The engine 3 exhaust enters the vane 10 of the supercharged turbine 1 at a relative speed W0 and flows out of the vane 10 of the supercharged turbine 1 at a relative speed W1. In order to match the inlet flow of the turbocharger 1 with the inlet vane of the power turbine 2, the installation angle (angle with the axial direction) of the vane 10 at the outlet of the turbocharger 1 is designed to be larger (greater than 50°), so that the vane 10 exit The airflow absolute speed C1 has a large angle with the axial direction and is biased to the same side as the direction of rotation of the power turbine 2. After passing through the cavity 22 formed by the body 20 and the outer wall 21, the airflow reaches the leading edge of the blade 23 of the power turbine 2 at an absolute speed C2. Since C2 has a large angle with the axial direction, and the power turbine 2 is opposite to the steering of the turbocharger 1, the relative velocity W2 of the airflow entering the leading edge of the blade 23 of the power turbine 2 is smaller than the axial direction. By properly designing the inlet vane of the power turbine 2, the airflow can be directed into the power turbine 2 rotor blades at a suitable angle, resulting in a higher efficiency of the power turbine 2. At the outlet of the vane 23 of the power turbine 2, the design of the outlet vane mounting angle allows the air flow to flow at an absolute speed C3 close to the axial direction, minimizing the exit kinetic energy loss.

In another embodiment of the invention, the boost turbine 1 may also be a mixed flow turbine, and the power turbine 2 is an axial flow turbine.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the blade shape of the inlet of the blade 10 of the turbocharger 1 is at an angle to the axial direction, and the airflow is deflected at a larger angle in the mixed flow turbocharger 1 than the radial turbine, thereby increasing the gas pressure increase. The amount of work of the turbine 1 distributes more energy into the turbocharger 1. Except that the angle of the airflow entering the supercharging turbine 1 is different, that is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the turbocharger 1 is a radial turbine, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 3 enters into the vane 10 of the turbocharger 1 from the radial direction. When the supercharged turbine 1 is a mixed flow turbine, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 3 enters into the vane 10 of the supercharged turbine 1 at a predetermined inclination angle, and the flow principle of the exhausted exhaust gas in the turbocompound device 100 and the turbocharger 1 are radial flow type. The flow principle of the turbine is the same and will not be described in detail here.

Further, the blade exit angle of the power turbine 2 is configured such that the outlet airflow of the power turbine 2 flows out at a speed close to the axial direction, thereby minimizing the loss of the exit kinetic energy.

An engine system 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs.

An engine system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, includes: an engine 3, a counter-rotating turbo The device 100, the compressor 4, the intercooler 5, and the fluid coupling device 6, wherein the counter-rotating turbo compound device 100 is the counter-rotating turbo compound device 100 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the turbocharger 1 is installed Downstream of the exhaust manifold 31 of the engine 3 to receive the airflow exhausted by the engine 3, and the power turbine 2 is arranged downstream of the boost turbine 1. The compressor 4 is connected to the booster turbine 1 and is driven by the booster turbine 1 to pressurize the airflow entering it. The intercooler 5 is connected between the compressor 4 and the cylinder 32 of the engine 3 to cool and feed the supercharged airflow into the cylinder 32 of the engine 3. The input shaft 60 of the fluid coupling 6 is coupled to the power turbine 2, and the output shaft 61 is coupled to the crankshaft 30 of the engine 3 to transfer the recovered work of the power turbine 2 to the crankshaft 30.

As shown in FIG. 4, the engine 3 includes a crankshaft 30, an exhaust manifold 31, a cylinder 32, and an intake manifold 33 for inputting power to the engine 3, and an intake manifold 33 for use in the plurality of cylinders 32. The air supply, the exhaust manifold 31 is used to exhaust the exhaust gas after the engine 3 is operated. The exhaust gas enters the supercharger turbine 1 from the exhaust manifold 31, and pushes the turbocharger 1 to rotate. At this time, the turbocharger 1 drives the compressor 4 to pressurize the airflow entering the compressor 4, after pressurization. The air flow enters the intercooler 5, and the intercooler 5 cools the supercharged airflow, and the cooled airflow is sent to the cylinder 32 of the engine 3 through the intake manifold 33. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas enters from the turbocharger 1 into the power turbine 2 coupled to the turbocharger 1, and the power turbine 2 converts the energy of the exhaust gas into mechanical power output to the fluid coupling 6. Finally, the fluid coupling 6 transfers the recovered work to the crankshaft 30 to power the engine 3.

According to the engine system 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the counter-rotating turbo compound device 100, the engine system 200 is compact, fully utilizes exhaust gas energy, improves engine fuel economy, and reduces harmful gas emissions, improving the overall engine system 200. performance.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the engine system 200 further includes: a first transmission assembly 7 and a second transmission assembly 8, wherein the first transmission assembly 7 is coupled between the input shaft 60 of the hydrodynamic coupler 6 and the power turbine 2 The second transmission assembly 8 is coupled between the output shaft 61 of the fluid coupling 6 and the crankshaft 30.

Wherein, the first transmission component 7 and the second transmission component 8 are respectively a primary gear transmission assembly. Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments of the invention, the first transmission assembly 7 and the second transmission assembly 8 may also be secondary, tertiary or multi-stage gear transmission assemblies, such as planetary gear mechanisms.

According to the engine system 200 of the embodiment of the present invention, the turbocharger 1 is coaxially connected with the compressor 4, and the turbocharger 1 drives the compressor 4 to pressurize the airflow entering the compressor 4, and the supercharged airflow passes through the intercooler. 5 After cooling, it enters the cylinder 32 of the engine 3, increasing the intake air density, and increasing the power of the cylinder 32 of the engine 3. At the same time, the exhaust gas after the operation of the engine 3 enters the blade 10 of the turbocharger 1, and then flows out of the turbocharger 1 in the axial direction, passes through the cavity 22 formed by the body 20 and the outer wall 21, and then enters the power turbine 2 in the axial direction. The power turbine 2 converts the energy of the exhaust gas into mechanical work. The power turbine 2 is connected to the input shaft 60 of the fluid coupling 6 via the first transmission assembly 7, and the output shaft 61 of the fluid coupling 6 is passed through the second transmission assembly 8. It is connected to the crankshaft 30 of the engine 3, and finally transfers the recovered work of the power turbine 2 to the crankshaft 30, thereby improving the total power and fuel economy of the engine 3. At the same time, the flow loss is reduced and the turbo compound is improved due to the elimination of the conventional guide vanes. The device 100 is efficient, thereby improving the overall performance of the engine system 200 while making the engine system 200 more compact.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "show" The description of the ",""specificexamples", or "some examples" and the like is intended to mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in the at least one embodiment or example. The above description of the terminology does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Combine.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the embodiments of the invention may The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Claim

A counter-rotating turbo compound device, comprising:

Turbocharger; and

a power turbine, the power turbine is coupled to the booster turbine, and the power turbine is the same as the rotation axis of the turbo turbine and the rotation direction is opposite, and the blade inlet angle of the power turbine rotor is configured to The blade exit angle of the boost turbine is matched such that the outlet flow of the boost turbine directly enters the rotor of the power turbine at a predetermined angle for work.

2. The counter-rotating turbo compounding device according to claim 1, wherein the supercharging turbine is a radial turbine.

3. The counter-rotating turbocombiner of claim 1 wherein the booster turbine is a mixed-flow turbine.

The counter-rotating turbo compound device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the power turbine is an axial flow turbine.

5. The counter-rotating turbocombiner of claim 4, wherein the blade exit angle of the power turbine is configured to cause an outlet flow of the power turbine to flow at a velocity near the axial direction.

6. An engine system, comprising:

Engine

A counter-rotating turbo compound device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the boost turbine is installed downstream of an exhaust manifold of the engine to receive the airflow exhausted by the engine, and the power turbine arrangement Downstream of the booster turbine;

a compressor, the compressor being coupled to the booster turbine and driven by the booster turbine to pressurize airflow entering it;

An intercooler coupled between the compressor and a cylinder of the engine to cool and deliver the pressurized airflow into a cylinder of the engine;

A fluid coupling, an input shaft of the fluid coupling is coupled to the power turbine, and an output shaft is coupled to a crankshaft of the engine to transfer recovered work of the power turbine to the crankshaft.

The engine system according to claim 6, further comprising:

a first transmission assembly coupled between the input shaft of the fluid coupling and the power turbine.

8. The engine system of claim 7, further comprising:

a second transmission assembly coupled between the output shaft of the fluid coupling and the crankshaft.

9. The engine system of claim 8, wherein the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are each a primary gear transmission assembly.