WO2013118291A1

WO2013118291A1 - Ventilation device

Info

Publication number: WO2013118291A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/053109
Authority: WO
Inventors: 秀明小松
Original assignee: 株式会社佐原
Priority date: 2012-02-10
Filing date: 2012-02-10
Publication date: 2013-08-15

Abstract

An operation plate (31) for the automatic opening and closing of a ventilation device (10) is pressed to one of an open position and a closed position by a first pressing means (38). Also, the operation plate (31) is pressed by a second pressing means (39) to the side opposite the side toward which the first pressing means (38) presses the operation plate (31). First springs (33) which consist of a shape memory alloy are used as the first pressing means (38). The first springs (33) are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the direction of pressing by the first springs (33). As a result of this configuration, without a large change in dimensions of the shape memory alloy springs, such as the coil diameter and the wire diameter, the ventilation device can reliably comply specifications including the ventilation performance.

Description

Ventilation equipment

The present invention relates to a ventilator, and more particularly to a ventilator that can automatically open and close a vent according to temperature.

For example, in the ventilation device of Patent Document 1, an automatic opening / closing mechanism is provided in addition to the manual opening / closing mechanism. The automatic opening / closing mechanism includes an operating plate. The operation plate extends in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation device and is slidable in the longitudinal direction. One shape memory alloy spring is provided at one end of the working plate. One bias spring is provided at the other end of the operating plate. The operation plate is stopped at a position where the spring forces of the springs at both ends are balanced. When the temperature changes, the operating plate slides as the spring force of the shape memory alloy spring increases or decreases. The opening degree of the ventilation port is automatically adjusted according to the position of the operation plate.

JP 2007-232253 A

In this type of ventilator with an automatic opening / closing function, for example, in order to increase the ventilation capacity, it is necessary to increase the spring force for operating the operating plate when the entire device is lengthened and the operating plate is lengthened. is there. At this time, the bias spring can be composed of a normal spring, so there are many choices of materials. Therefore, even if the dimensions such as the spring diameter are the same, the strength can be adjusted over a wide range by changing the material. On the other hand, since the shape memory alloy spring has a limited material, it is common to change the dimensions such as the winding diameter in order to change the strength. However, if the winding diameter of the shape memory alloy spring is increased in order to increase the set spring force, the thickness of the entire ventilator must be increased in order to accommodate this. On the other hand, the installation space of the ventilator is limited, and the ventilator may not be enlarged in the thickness direction, for example.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a ventilator with an automatic opening / closing function, it is possible to cope with specification changes such as ventilation capacity without changing the size of the shape memory alloy spring so much. Objective. Furthermore, it aims at making a ventilation device as compact as possible.

In order to solve the above problems, a ventilator according to the present invention is a ventilator that can automatically adjust the opening degree of a vent opening that communicates indoors and outdoors according to temperature,
An apparatus body having the ventilation opening;
An actuating plate provided in the apparatus main body so as to be movable between an open position for opening the vent and a closed position for closing the vent;
First urging means for urging the operating plate toward one of the open position and the closed position;
Second urging means for urging the operating plate to the side opposite to the first urging means,
The first biasing means includes a plurality of first springs made of a shape memory alloy, and the first springs are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the biasing direction.
Thus, it is possible to reliably cope with a change in specifications such as ventilation capacity without changing the dimensions of the first springs made of individual shape memory alloys. For example, when the ventilation capacity is increased, the urging force of the entire first urging means can be increased by increasing the number of the first springs without increasing the size of the first spring. As a result, the first urging means and the ventilation device can be made compact in a direction perpendicular to the direction of urging and the direction in which the first springs are arranged.

The actuating plate has a long plate shape that is slidable in the longitudinal direction in the apparatus main body with the longitudinal direction facing the biasing direction, and the first spring extends in the longitudinal direction of the actuating plate. It is preferable that one end is arranged in the width direction of the operation plate. As a result, the first urging means and thus the ventilation device can be made compact in the thickness direction of the working plate. The first spring is preferably a coil spring. In this case, for example, even when the ventilation capacity is increased, it is not necessary to increase the winding diameter or wire diameter of each first spring, and the ventilation device can be made compact in the thickness direction. The width of the entire first urging means is preferably smaller than the width of the working plate and smaller than the thickness of the first urging means (when the first spring is a coil spring, its winding diameter).

The second biasing means includes the same number of second springs as the first springs, and the first spring and the second spring are in a one-to-one manner along the biasing direction with the operation plate interposed therebetween. It is preferable to confront. Thereby, the urging forces of the first urging means and the second urging means can be reliably balanced, and the operation plate can be prevented from being tilted or hindering the movement of the operation plate.

A locking portion that locks an end portion of one second spring among the plurality of second springs in the operating plate or the apparatus main body, and a locking portion that locks an end portion of another second spring. The biasing direction may be shifted. By adjusting the set spring force of each second spring according to the position of the locking portion, it is possible to balance the biasing force of the corresponding first spring. Therefore, even if there is variation in the spring force of the first spring made of shape memory alloy, the biasing forces of the first biasing means and the second biasing means can be reliably balanced.

According to the present invention, in a ventilator with an automatic opening / closing function, it is possible to reliably cope with specifications such as ventilation capacity without changing the size of the shape memory alloy spring so much.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a building including a ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the building as viewed from the inside along the line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation device taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the ventilation device. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the automatic opening / closing mechanism of the ventilator in an open state. FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the automatic opening / closing mechanism taken along line VII-VII in FIG. FIG. 7B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circular part VIIb in FIG. FIG. 7C is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circular part VIIc in FIG. FIG. 7D is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged view of the circular part VIId of FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the automatic opening / closing mechanism of the ventilator in a closed state. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the automatic opening / closing mechanism taken along line IX-IX in FIG. FIG. 9B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circular part IXb in FIG. FIG. 9C is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circular portion IXc in FIG. FIG. 9D is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circular part IXd in FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic opening / closing mechanism of the ventilator along the line XX in FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show a building 1. The outer surface of the building 1 is a curtain wall 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the curtain wall 2 includes a vertical stand 3 and a horizontal crosspiece 4 assembled in a lattice pattern, and a glass plate 5 is placed in a rectangular opening formed by the stand 3 and the crosspiece 4. It is configured by incorporating.

As shown in FIG. 1, a main ventilation path 6 is formed in the horizontal rail 4. The ventilation path 6 opens on the outdoor side surface of the horizontal beam 4 (outer surface of the building 1) and reaches the upper surface of the horizontal beam 4 facing the room.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a ventilator 10 is fitted in the indoor opening of the ventilation path 6. As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation device 10 includes a device main body 11, a manual opening / closing mechanism 20, and an automatic opening / closing mechanism 30. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the apparatus main body 11 includes a housing 12, a front plate 13 (face cover), and a ventilation plate 31. The housing 12 has a long rectangular parallelepiped container shape. The longitudinal direction of the housing 12 is directed to the left and right along the extending direction of the horizontal rail 4. The width direction of the housing 12 is directed back and forth (in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 4) along the width direction of the horizontal rail 4. The upper surface and the lower surface of the housing 12 are open. The internal space of the ventilation device 10 communicates with the outdoors (outdoors) through the opening on the lower surface of the housing 12 and the ventilation path 6 of the horizontal rail 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, a top plate 13 is detachably provided on the upper surface of the housing 12. The front plate 13 has a flat plate shape extending long in the same direction as the housing 12. An upper surface opening of the housing 12 is covered by the front plate 13. The front plate 13 is flush with the indoor upper surface of the horizontal rail 4 and faces the room. A large number of slit-shaped ventilation holes 13 a are formed in the front plate 13. The indoor space of the building 1 and the internal space of the ventilation device 10 communicate with each other through the ventilation hole 13a. In addition, a frame accommodation hole 13 c is formed in the front plate 13.

As shown in FIG. 4, a manual opening / closing mechanism 20 is provided inside the housing 12. The manual opening / closing mechanism 20 includes a ventilation plate 21, an operation plate 22, and a manual opening / closing operation unit 23. A plate 21 that divides the inside of the apparatus main body 11 up and down is integrally provided at an intermediate height in the thickness direction (up and down) of the casing 12. This partition plate 21 is used as the ventilation plate 21 of the manual opening / closing mechanism 20. As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation plate 21 is formed with a plurality (many) of square manual open / close vents 21 a.

The operating plate 22 extends straight in the same direction as the apparatus main body 11. Although the cross section orthogonal to the extending direction of the action | operation plate 22 is trapezoid, for example, it is not restricted to this. The operation plate 22 is accommodated in a chamber below the ventilation plate 21 in the apparatus main body 11. The housing 12 is provided with four cam members 25 that engage with the operation plate 22. These cam members 25 are arranged at two locations in the longitudinal direction on the inner walls on both sides in the width direction of the housing 12. The operating plate 22 is supported horizontally by these four cam members 25. A seal member 24 is provided on the upper surface of the operation plate 22. The seal member 24 has an annular shape along the periphery of the operation plate 22.

As shown in FIG. 4, the operation unit 23 of the manual opening / closing mechanism 20 is provided in the apparatus main body 11. The operation unit 23 includes a lever frame 23c, a lever 23a, and a connecting rod 23b. The lever frame 23c is fixed to the apparatus main body 11, and the upper surface thereof is exposed from the frame accommodation hole 13c. A lever 23a is provided in the lever frame 23c. The lever 23a is rotatable up and down between a horizontal posture (two-dot chain line in FIG. 4) and an inclined posture (solid line in FIG. 4). The connecting rod 23b extends downward from the lever 23a. The end of the operating plate 22 is connected to the connecting rod 23b.

When the lever 23 a is manually moved up and down, the connecting rod 23 b is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the device 10. Along with this, the operating plate 22 slides in the longitudinal direction while maintaining a horizontal posture, and is displaced vertically by being guided by the cam member 25. As shown by a solid line in FIG. 4, when the lever 23 a is in the inclined posture, the operation plate 22 is displaced downward, and the seal member 24 on the upper surface of the operation plate 22 is separated downward from the ventilation plate 21. As a result, the ventilation port 21a is opened, the manual opening / closing mechanism 20 is opened, and the chamber above the ventilation plate 21 and the chamber below the ventilation plate 21 in the apparatus main body 11 communicate with each other through the ventilation port 21a. As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, when the lever 23 a is in a horizontal posture (see FIG. 5), the operation plate 22 is displaced upward and the seal member 24 hits the ventilation plate 21. As a result, the ventilation port 21 a is closed, the manual opening / closing mechanism 20 is closed, and the chamber above the ventilation plate 21 and the chamber below the ventilation plate 21 in the apparatus main body 11 are blocked.

As shown in FIG. 4, an automatic opening / closing mechanism 30 is provided in the chamber above the ventilation plate 21 in the apparatus main body 11. As shown in FIG. 5, the automatic opening / closing mechanism 30 includes the ventilation plate 31, the operation plate 32, first biasing means 38, and second biasing means 39.

The ventilation plate 31 serves as both an element of the apparatus main body 11 and an element of the automatic opening / closing mechanism 30. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the ventilation plate 31 has a long flat plate shape, and its horizontal direction is directed to the longitudinal direction of the housing 12 and slightly above the ventilation plate 21, and is disposed horizontally. Has been. On both sides in the width direction of the ventilation plate 31, a pair of

convex edge portions

31b, 31b are provided so as to protrude vertically upward. The convex edge portion 31 b extends along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation plate 31, and preferably extends over the entire length of the ventilation plate 31. This convex edge portion 31 b is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 12. The ventilation plate 31 may be provided integrally with the housing 12 of the apparatus main body 11.

As shown in FIG. A plurality of ventilation openings 31 a are formed in the ventilation plate 31. The ventilation ports 31a are each a rectangular shape (slit shape) elongated in the width direction of the ventilation plate 31. A plurality of ventilation openings 31 a are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation plate 31. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of (here, two) first spring locking holes 31 f are provided at one end of the ventilation plate 31 in the longitudinal direction (first end, right in FIGS. 5 and 6). (Locking part) is formed. These locking holes 31 f are arranged in the width direction of the ventilation plate 31. A T-shaped first spring accommodating hole 31d is formed in a portion of the ventilation plate 31 between the group of ventilation ports 31a and the locking hole 31f. A plurality of (here, two) second spring locking holes 31g (locking portions) are formed at the other end portion (second end, left in FIG. 5) of the ventilation plate 31 in the longitudinal direction. These locking holes 31 g are arranged in the width direction of the ventilation plate 31. A frame accommodation hole 31c and a second spring accommodation hole 31e are formed in a portion of the ventilation plate 31 between the group of ventilation ports 31a and the locking hole 31g. The frame accommodation hole 31c is provided closer to the center in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation plate 31 than the spring accommodation hole 31e. As shown in FIG. 4, the lever frame 23c is passed through the frame accommodation hole 31c.

As shown in FIG. 5, the operation plate 32 has a long plate shape extending in the same direction as the ventilation plate 31. The length of the operation plate 32 is shorter than the ventilation plate 31. Both end portions of the ventilation plate 31 in the longitudinal direction extend outward in the longitudinal direction from the operation plate 32, respectively. On both sides in the width direction of the operating plate 32, a pair of

convex edge portions

32b, 32b are provided so as to protrude vertically upward. The convex edge portion 32 b extends along the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32, and preferably extends over the entire length of the operation plate 32. As shown in FIG. 10, the operation plate 32 is slidable (movable) in the longitudinal direction on the upper surface of the ventilation plate 31. Since the convex edge portion 32 b follows the convex edge portion 31 b of the ventilation plate 31, the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32 is directed straight to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation plate 31. As shown in the phantom line of FIG. 10 and FIG. 4, the filter 41 is accommodated in a space formed by the upper surface of the operation plate 32 and the pair of

convex edge portions

32 b and 32 b. The filter 41 is interposed between the front plate 13 and the operation plate 32. The filter 41 can be easily replaced by removing the front plate 13.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the operation plate 32 has a plurality of vent holes 32a. The vent holes 32 a are each a rectangular shape that is elongated in the width direction of the operation plate 32. A plurality of vent holes 32 a are arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32. A plurality of (here, two) first spring locking holes 32f (locking portions) are formed at one end (first end, right in FIG. 6) of the operation plate 32 in the longitudinal direction. These locking holes 32 f are arranged in the width direction of the operation plate 32.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the other end (second end, left in FIG. 6) of the operation plate 32 in the longitudinal direction is provided with a plurality (eight in this case) of second spring locking holes 32g (locking). Part) is formed. These locking holes 32g are arranged in a lattice pattern in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the operation plate 32. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the locking holes 32 g are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the operation plate 32, and in each row, four locking holes 32 g are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32. They are arranged at intervals. The number of the locking holes 32g in each row is not limited to four, but may be two or three, may be five or more, or may be only one.

As shown in FIG. 5, a frame housing hole 32c is formed on the second end side (left in FIG. 5) of the group of vent holes 32a in the operation plate 32. As shown in FIG. 4, the lever frame 23c is passed through the frame accommodation hole 32c. The length L _32c of the frame accommodation hole 32c along the longitudinal direction (left and right in FIG. 6) of the ventilation device 10 is larger than the length L _23c of the lever frame 23c. This length difference (L _32c -L _23c ) is substantially equal to the width of each vent 31a and vent 32a (the dimension along the longitudinal direction of the device 10). The difference in length (L _32c -L _23c ) is determined by the width of the portion 31k (the dimension along the longitudinal direction of the device 10) between the

adjacent ventilation ports

31a, 31a in the ventilation plate 31 and the adjacent in the operation plate 32. The width of the portion 32k between the

vents

32a and 32a (dimension along the longitudinal direction of the device 10) is substantially equal.

The operating plate 32 slides (moves) in the longitudinal direction by the difference in length (L _23c -L _32c ) between the open position (FIGS. 6 and 7) and the closed position (FIGS. 8 and 9). It is possible. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the operation plate 32 is in the open position, the edge on the second end side of the frame receiving hole 32c abuts against the lever frame 23c, so that the operation plate 32 can slide to the first end side. Position is restricted. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7D, each vent 32a substantially coincides with the corresponding vent 31a. As a result, the ventilation port 31a is fully opened.

As shown in FIG. 9B, when the operating plate 32 is in the closed position, the edge on the first end side of the frame receiving hole 32c abuts against the lever frame 23c, so that the operating plate 32 can slide to the second end side. Position is restricted. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9D, each vent 32a is displaced from the corresponding vent 31a, and the portion 32k between the vents of the operation plate 32 closes the vent 31a. Further, the portion 31k between the ventilation openings of the ventilation plate 31 closes the ventilation opening 32a. Even when the operation plate 32 is in the closed position, it is preferable to allow a slight amount of ventilation through the gap between the operation plate 32 and the ventilation plate 31, the accommodation hole 31d, or the like. The amount of ventilation at the closed position is preferably about several percent to several tens of percent, more preferably about one third of the amount of ventilation at the open position (fully open).

The lever frame 23c also functions as a stopper that restricts the slide (movement) range of the operating plate 32 and thus determines the open position and the closed position of the operating plate 32. The stopper as described above may be provided separately from the lever frame 23c.

Depending on the position of the operating plate 32 between the open position and the closed position, the degree of overlap between the vent 32a and the vent 31a varies. Thereby, the opening degree of the ventilation port 31a is adjusted. This opening degree adjustment is automatically performed by the two urging means 38 and 39 according to the environmental temperature.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first urging means 38 includes a plurality of (here, two) first springs 33. These first springs 33 are constituted by tensile coil springs made of a shape memory alloy. A spring made of shape memory alloy has a characteristic that when the temperature rises, the natural length decreases and the spring force increases, and conversely, when the temperature decreases, the natural length increases and the spring force decreases.

The first spring 33 is disposed at a portion of the ventilation plate 31 that extends to one end (first end) side in the longitudinal direction from the operation plate 32. By providing the accommodation hole 31d in the portion extending to the first end side, the first spring 33 is prevented from interfering with the ventilation plate 31. The two first springs 33 are accommodated in the accommodation hole 31d with their axes oriented in the longitudinal direction of the actuation plate 32 and aligned with each other in the width direction of the actuation plate 32.

One end (first end, right end in FIG. 6) of each first spring 33 is locked in a corresponding locking hole 31 f of the ventilation plate 31. The other end (second end, left end in FIG. 6) of each first spring 33 is locked in a corresponding locking hole 32 f of the operation plate 32. As a result, the first spring 33 and thus the first urging means 38 urge the operating plate 32 toward the open position (rightward in FIG. 6). The urging direction of the first spring 33 is orthogonal to the direction in which the first springs 33 are arranged, and is directed straight in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32.

As shown in FIG. 10, the entire width W ₃₈ of the first urging means ₃₈ is smaller than the width W ₃₂ of the operation plate 32. Further, the vertical direction of the thickness of the first biasing means 38 is equal to the winding diameter D ₃₃ of the first spring 33, and is less than half of the first biasing means 38 the total width W _38.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the second biasing means 39 includes one or a plurality of second springs 34 (bias springs). The second spring 34 is constituted by a normal tension coil spring made of stainless steel. The number of the second springs 34 is preferably the same as that of the first springs 33, and is two here. The two second springs 34 are arranged in a portion of the ventilation plate 31 that extends to the other end (second end) in the longitudinal direction from the operation plate 32. By providing the accommodation hole 31e in the portion extending to the second end side, the second spring 34 is prevented from interfering with the ventilation plate 31. The two second springs 34 are accommodated in the accommodation holes 31 e so that their axis lines are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32 and are arranged in the width direction of the operation plate 32.

One end (first end, right end in FIG. 6) of each second spring 34 is locked in a corresponding locking hole 32g of the operation plate 32. The other end (second end, left end in FIG. 6) of the second spring 34 is locked in a corresponding locking hole 31g (locking portion) of the ventilation plate 31. As a result, the second spring 34 and thus the first urging means 38 urge the operating plate 32 toward the closed position (leftward in FIG. 6). The urging direction of the second spring 34 is orthogonal to the direction in which the second springs 34 are arranged, and is directed straight in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32. The first spring 33 and the second spring 34 face each other along the biasing direction of the springs 33 and 34 (longitudinal direction of the working plate 32) with the working plate 32 interposed therebetween. The mutually

corresponding springs

33, 34 are arranged on a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32.

The biasing force of each first spring 33 is larger than the biasing force of the corresponding second spring 34 in a normal temperature environment (for example, about 15 ° C. or more), and in a low temperature (for example, several degrees C. to below freezing point), It is set to be smaller than the urging force of the spring 34. As a result, the urging force of the first urging means 38 is set to be larger than the urging force of the second urging means 39 in the normal temperature environment and smaller than the urging force of the second urging means 39 in the low temperature environment. Thereby, at normal temperature, the operation plate 32 is located at the open position, and the ventilation port 31a is fully opened. Therefore, by opening the manual opening / closing mechanism 20, indoor air and outdoor air can be ventilated through the inside of the ventilation device 10 and the ventilation path 6. As the temperature decreases, the urging force of the first spring 33 is weakened, whereby the operating plate 32 is displaced toward the closed position. Along with this, the opening degree of the ventilation port 31a becomes small, and the ventilation amount decreases. And when it becomes low temperature, for example, several degrees C or less, the action | operation board 32 will be located in a closed position, and the ventilation opening 31a will be closed. As a result, even when the manual opening / closing mechanism 20 is in the open state, the ventilation can be substantially blocked, or the ventilation amount can be sufficiently reduced.

Even if the first spring 33 made of a shape memory alloy has the same shape and dimension, the spring force at a predetermined temperature varies among individuals. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the spring force of the corresponding second spring 34 in accordance with the spring force of each first spring 33.

Specifically, the first springs 33 manufactured or obtained in advance are grouped according to the spring force under a predetermined temperature condition, and corresponding second springs are prepared for each group. The dimensions of the first springs 33 are preferably the same regardless of the group. The dimension (natural length etc.) of the 2nd spring 33 may differ with groups. Alternatively, the material of the second spring 33 may be different depending on the group. Further, as described above, the operation plate 32 is formed with a plurality of second spring locking holes 32g arranged in a lattice pattern (FIG. 5). When the ventilation device 10 is assembled, the

springs

33 and 34 of the groups corresponding to each other are arranged so as to face each other in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32 with the operation plate 32 interposed therebetween. At this time, the locking hole 32g for locking the second spring 34 is selected according to the group to which the second spring 34 belongs. Alternatively, the set extension amount of the second spring 34 is determined so that the set spring force of the second spring 34 is balanced with the spring force of the first spring 33 at a predetermined temperature, and the locking hole 32g that matches the extension amount is selected. May be.

Here, the portion of the second end side portion of the working plate 32 that interferes with the second spring 34 is cut and removed. For example, when the locking hole 32g for locking the second spring 34 is the second locking hole 32g from the second end of the operating plate 32, like the upper second spring 34 in FIG. The portion 32h on the second end side from the first locking hole 32g in the operation plate 32 is cut with a cutting tool such as a nipper or a gold saw. In FIG. 6, when the locking hole 32g that matches the extension amount is the second-end-side (first) locking hole 32g, like the second spring 34 on the lower side, the locking hole 32g The end of the second spring 34 is locked. In this case, of the two (plurality) second springs 34, a locking hole 32 g that locks the end of one second spring 34 and a locking hole that locks the end of another second spring 34. 32g is shifted in the longitudinal direction of the operating plate 32 (spring biasing direction).

In this way, by individually adjusting the locking position of the end of the second spring 34, the tensile force between the corresponding

springs

33 and 34 can be balanced under a predetermined temperature. As a result, the force received from one set of corresponding

springs

33 and 34 and the force received from another set of corresponding

springs

33 and 34 can be balanced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32 from being inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation plate 31. As a result, the operation plate 32 can be smoothly slid according to the temperature change, and automatic ventilation adjustment can be performed stably.

In the ventilator 10 having the above-described configuration, the required spring force of each first spring 33 can be reduced to about 1 / the number of the first springs 33 with respect to the required biasing force of the entire first biasing means 38. Here, it can be halved. Therefore, for example, in order to increase the ventilation capacity of the ventilator 10, the operating plate 32 must be made long, and even if the required urging force of the first urging means 38 has to be increased, The required spring force of the first spring 33 can be kept small. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the winding diameter _{D 33} and the wire diameter _{d 33} of the first spring 33 (FIG. 10). Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the thickness of the apparatus main body 11, the ventilation apparatus 10 can be made compact, and the ventilation apparatus 10 can be reliably installed in the installation space of the building 1. Further, by adjusting the number of the first springs 33, it is possible to widen the range of required urging force that can be dealt with, and thus the ventilation capacity.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the number of the first springs 33 is not limited to two and may be three or more.
The number of second springs 34 is not limited to the number of first springs 33 and may be different from the number of first springs 33. The second springs 34 do not have to be opposed to the first springs 33 and the working plate 32 in a one-to-one manner in the longitudinal direction (moving direction). The second spring 34 may be displaced in the width direction of the operation plate 32 with respect to the corresponding first spring 33. The number of the second springs 34 is not limited to two, but may be three or more, or one. Even if there is only one second spring 34, for example, by selecting a material, it is possible to cope with a wide range of required spring force without much increasing or decreasing the winding diameter or wire diameter.

The first spring 33 may bias the operating plate 32 to the closed position, and the second spring 34 may bias the operating plate 32 to the open position.
The ventilation port 31a may be opened and closed by rotating the operation plate 32 within an angle range around an axis provided in the main body 11. In this case, the first spring 32 and the second spring 31 may be provided so as to face each other in the direction of the rotation with the operation plate 32 interposed therebetween, and the plurality of first springs 32 may be arranged in the direction of the shaft.
The ventilation port 31a may be opened and closed by the operation plate 32 sliding in the width direction. In this case, the first spring 32 and the second spring 31 may be provided so as to face each other in the width direction of the operation plate 32 with the operation plate 32 interposed therebetween, and the plurality of first springs 32 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the operation plate 32. It is good to line up.

Instead of or in addition to providing a plurality of second spring locking holes 32g in the first end side portion of the operating plate 32 arranged in a lattice pattern, the second spring locking holes 31g are provided with ventilation plates. A plurality of the terminals 31 (and thus the apparatus main body 11) may be arranged in a grid pattern on the second end side portion.
Instead of providing a plurality of the second spring locking holes 32g in the first end side portion of the operating plate 32 and arranging them in a lattice pattern, the locking holes 32g are not provided when the operating plate 32 is manufactured. When the second spring 34 is attached, the locking hole 32g may be formed at a position that matches the required spring force of the second spring 34. Alternatively, when the ventilation plate 31 (and thus the apparatus main body 11) is manufactured, the locking holes 31g are not provided, and when the individual second springs 34 are attached, the positions corresponding to the required spring force of the second springs 34 are related. A stop hole 31g may be formed.
The

spring engaging portions

32f and 32g are not limited to holes, and may be hooks or convex portions provided on the operation plate 32. The

spring engaging portions

31f and 31g are not limited to holes, but may be hooks or convex portions provided on the ventilation plate 31.
The

springs

33 and 34 are not limited to tension coil springs, and may be compression coil springs or leaf springs. The biasing means 38 and 39 may include an elastic member other than a spring, such as rubber.

The present invention can be applied to a ventilation device attached to a wall, a sash, a horizontal rail, a vertical, a door, or the like of a building.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Curtain wall 3 Vertical 4 Horizontal beam 5 Glass plate 6 Main ventilation path 10 Ventilation device 11 Main body 12 Housing 13 Front plate 13a Ventilation hole 13c Frame accommodation hole 20 Manual opening / closing mechanism 22 Actuation plate 21 Ventilation plate 21a Manual opening / closing type Ventilation port 23 Manual opening / closing operation part 23a Lever

23b Connecting rod

23c Lever frame 24 Seal member 25 Cam member 30 Automatic opening / closing mechanism 31 Ventilation plate 31a Automatic opening / closing type ventilation port 31b Convex edge 31c Frame accommodation hole 31d First spring accommodation hole 31e First 2 spring accommodating hole 31f 1st spring locking hole (locking part)
31g Second spring locking hole (locking part)
31k Ventilation portion 32 Actuating plate 32a Ventilation port 32b Convex edge portion 32c Frame accommodation hole 32f First spring locking hole (locking portion)
32g Second spring locking hole (locking part)

32h Cut portion

32k Vent portion 33 First spring 34 Second spring 38 First biasing means 39 Second biasing means 41 Filter

Claims

A ventilator that can automatically adjust the opening of a ventilation port that communicates indoors and outdoors according to temperature,
An apparatus body having the ventilation opening;
An actuating plate provided in the apparatus main body so as to be movable between an open position for opening the vent and a closed position for closing the vent;
First urging means for urging the operating plate toward one of the open position and the closed position;
Second urging means for urging the operating plate to the side opposite to the first urging means,
The ventilator characterized in that the first urging means includes a plurality of first springs made of a shape memory alloy, and the first springs are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the urging.
The actuating plate has a long plate shape that is slidable in the longitudinal direction in the apparatus main body with the longitudinal direction facing the biasing direction, and the first spring extends in the longitudinal direction of the actuating plate. The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation apparatus is arranged at one end in a width direction of the operation plate.
The second biasing means includes the same number of second springs as the first springs, and the first spring and the second spring are in a one-to-one manner along the biasing direction with the operation plate interposed therebetween. The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ventilation apparatus faces each other.
A locking portion that locks an end portion of one second spring among the plurality of second springs in the operating plate or the apparatus main body, and a locking portion that locks an end portion of another second spring. The ventilator according to claim 3, wherein the ventilator is displaced in a direction of the urging.