WO2013109985A1 - System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations - Google Patents

System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013109985A1
WO2013109985A1 PCT/US2013/022296 US2013022296W WO2013109985A1 WO 2013109985 A1 WO2013109985 A1 WO 2013109985A1 US 2013022296 W US2013022296 W US 2013022296W WO 2013109985 A1 WO2013109985 A1 WO 2013109985A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
acid
family
liner
open end
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/022296
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Matthew Clay
James C. TALAVERA
Original Assignee
Owen Oil Tools Lp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Owen Oil Tools Lp filed Critical Owen Oil Tools Lp
Priority to EA201491183A priority Critical patent/EA201491183A1/en
Priority to CA2862911A priority patent/CA2862911A1/en
Priority to MX2014008559A priority patent/MX2014008559A/en
Priority to AU2013209503A priority patent/AU2013209503B2/en
Priority to CN201380005919.3A priority patent/CN104066924A/en
Priority to EP13738286.7A priority patent/EP2805012A4/en
Publication of WO2013109985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013109985A1/en
Priority to NO20140977A priority patent/NO20140977A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/28—Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent

Definitions

  • TITLE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENHANCED
  • the present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for perforating a well casing and/or a subterranean formation.
  • Hydrocarbon producing wells typically include a casing string positioned within a wellbore that intersects a subterranean oil or gas deposit.
  • the casing string increases the integrity of the wellbore and provides a path for producing fluids to the surface.
  • the casing is cemented to the wellbore face and is subsequently perforated by detonating shaped explosive charges.
  • the shaped charges When detonated, the shaped charges generate a jet that penetrates through the casing and forms a tunnel of a short distance into the adjacent formation.
  • the region that is perforated, and in particular the walls of the tunnel may become impermeable due to the stress applied to the formation by the perforating jet as well as stresses that may be caused during the firing of the perforating gun.
  • the loss of permeability and other harmful effects, such as the introduction of debris into the perforation may adversely affect the flow of hydrocarbons from an intersected hydrocarbon deposit.
  • the present disclosure addresses the need for perforating devices and methods that provide cleaner and more effective well perforations.
  • the present disclosure provides devices and methods for efficiently perforating a formation.
  • the present disclosure provides a system for perforating a formation intersected by a wellbore.
  • the present disclosure further provides a method for perforating a formation intersected by a wellbore.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of an apparatus of the present disclosure as positioned within a well penetrating a subterranean formation;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of a perforating gun shown in Fig. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a liner made in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
  • aspects of the present disclosure provide shaped charges that treat a tunnel formed by a perforating jet with an acid.
  • the acid may be generated, in part, by one or more components making up a liner of the shaped charge.
  • the acid is generated upon an energetic material of the shaped charge being detonated.
  • the acid does not exist prior to detonation of the shaped charge.
  • the amount of acid generated is sufficient to perform a specified operation.
  • the acid may corrode or dissolve foreign matter such as human-made debris so that this foreign matter may be expelled out of the tunnel by the flowing formation fluid.
  • the acid may corrode or dissolve a naturally occurring material such as rock or earth surrounding the tunnel.
  • the acid may increase the permeability or porosity of the formation to enhance fluid mobility.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a well construction and/or hydrocarbon production facility 10 positioned over a subterranean formation of interest 12.
  • the facility can be a land-based or offshore rig adapted to convey a tool, such as a perforating gun train, in a well bore 16.
  • the wellbore 16 can include open hole sections and/or cased and cemented sections.
  • the facility 10 can include known equipment and structures such as a platform 18 at the earth's surface 20, a derrick 22, a wellhead 24, and casing 26.
  • a work string 28 suspended within the well bore 16 from the derrick 22 is used to convey tooling into the wellbore 16.
  • the work string 28 may include drill pipe, coiled tubing, wire line, slick line, or any other known conveyance means. Further, the work string 28 may be pulled through the wellbore by a device such as a wellbore tractor (not shown), which may be advantageous in extended reach wells or deviated wells.
  • the work string 28 can include telemetry lines or other signal/power transmission mediums that establish one-way or two-way telemetric communication from the surface to a tool connected to an end of the work string 28.
  • a suitable telemetry system (not shown) can be known as mud pulse, electrical signals, acoustic, or other suitable systems.
  • a telemetry system having a surface controller (e.g., a power source and/or firing panel) 30 adapted to transmit signals via a cable or signal transmission line 31 disposed in the work string 28.
  • the signals can be analog or digital signals.
  • a perforating gun 32 is coupled to an end of the work string 28.
  • the perforating gun 32 may be the apparatus used to transport the device described in Fig. 1 into the borehole.
  • the perforating gun 32 may be an explosive train assembly that includes a detonator, detonating cord, and one or more shaped charges 33. When detonated in the wellbore, the charges will produce holes through the casing, cement, and into the surrounding formation. This detonation establishes communication between the formation and wellbore, providing a path for the formation fluids and gasses to be produced.
  • the explosive train assembly may designed to operate in a predetermined timed sequence. Electric detonators may be used to detonate the detonating cord, which in turn detonates the charges in order from the top down or bottom up. Below is an exemplary method of deployment of a perforating gun 32 that may utilize one or more detonators according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 a transverse cross section of a perforating gun assembly 32 is shown.
  • the perforating gun assembly 32 has a tubular carrier 34 and a cylindrical charge tube 36 concentrically disposed within the tubular carrier 34.
  • the outside diameter of the charge tube 36 is such that an annular space 38 is created between the charge tube 36 and the carrier 34.
  • An explosive shaped charge 40 has a frusto-conical charge case 42.
  • the charge case 42 is typically formed from steel, die cast aluminum, or zinc alloys and has an interior surface or wall 44 that defines a hollow interior of the charge case 42.
  • the charge case 42 is open at the outer end and tapers inward.
  • a liner 48 Disposed within the interior of the case 42 is a liner 48 having a generally conical or frusto-conical configuration.
  • the liner 48 tapers inward from a base 50, located at the outer end, to a nose portion 52.
  • the liner 48 is open at the base 50 and has a hollow interior.
  • an explosive material 54 Disposed between the liner 48 and interior wall 44 of the casing 42 is an explosive material 54.
  • the explosive material 54 extends from the interior of the case 42 through channel formed in the innermost end of the case 42.
  • the case 42 receives a detonating cord 56 for detonating the explosive material 54 (Fig. 3) of the shaped charge 40.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view of a liner 48 made in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the detonation of the explosive material 54 initiates the generation of one or more acids that are deposited into the tunnels formed by the jets.
  • An illustrative tunnel is shown in Fig. 1 with numeral 60.
  • the liner 48 may include an acid-generating material 50 for generating an acid.
  • the liner includes enough acid-generating material to generate enough acid to be functionally effective.
  • functionally effective it is meant that the tunnel treated by the acid has a property or characteristic (e.g., permeability) that has been altered by a predetermined or desired amount.
  • the acid-generating material 50 may be formed by the interaction of a first component and a second component.
  • the first component may be or include a proton donor or positive ion.
  • the second component is generally an aqueous solvent, in either liquid or gaseous form. It should be understood that the second component may store the aqueous solution in a solid form (e.g. , a hydrate).
  • the solid may be processed to form a liquid or a gas that interacts with the first component to form the acid.
  • the acid-generating material 50 may include all the components needed to form an acid, e.g. , the first component and the second component.
  • the liner 48 may include the first component that interacts with the second component in the gun 32 to form the acid.
  • the second component may be a material used to at least partially form the casing 42.
  • the second component may be a solid, liquid, or gas, located external to the liner 48 but internal to the carrier 34.
  • the second component may be a well fluid external to the carrier 34.
  • the liner 48 may include a first component that interacts with a naturally-occurring second component that is external to the carrier 34 and may be located in the wellbore 16 and / or the formation 12.
  • naturally occurring refers to materials such as water, brine, and hydrocarbons that reside in the formation 16.
  • An acid may be defined as a substance that may act as a Lewis acid or Bronsted-Lowrey acid, including acids typically in the form of an aqueous solution.
  • the acid-generating material may include a first component that may be configured to form an acid upon detonation of the explosive material. The first component may disassociate from the acid-generating material; upon disassociation, the first component may interact with the second component to form an acid.
  • the acid-generating material may include a catalyst configured to interact with a first component for generating an acid.
  • the first component may be configured to react with a second component, e.g. a solvent, external to the liner for forming an acid in aqueous solution.
  • the solvent or second component may be in the borehole, in the formation, or both.
  • the acid generating material may include one or more components, such as but not limited to a proton donor or positive ion, a proton acceptor or negative ion, a catalyst, or materials that would aid in the acid formation upon detonation of the explosive material. It will be evident to those skilled in the art as to which aspects of the acid generating material may function as the proton donor (cation) or proton acceptor (anion).
  • the components of the acid generating material may be or include, but are not limited to alumina, zeolites, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper(ll) sulfate, vanadium (V) oxide, phosphorus chloride, thionyl chloride family, acyl chloride family, alkyl halide family, alkenyl halide family, aryl halide family, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, manganese, peroxide family, naphtha, acetaldehyde, calcium fluoride, viton, TEFLONTM, oxalic acid, anhydrous glycerol, ethyl isonitrile, ethyl amine, chloroform, formyl fluoride, sodium formate, hydrocyanic acid, nitrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
  • the acids generated may be, but not limited to, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, for
  • the material 50 may be formulated to only react when exposed to a catalyst 52.
  • the catalyst 52 may be disposed in an isolating material 54.
  • the isolating material 54 initially prevents the interaction of the catalyst 52 with the other materials in the liner 48.
  • the isolating material 54 may be selected to release the acid-generating material upon the occurrence of one or more conditions.
  • the isolating material 54 may be a metal that has a melting point below the temperatures encountered when the explosive material 44 is detonated.
  • One illustrative, but not exclusive, isolating material is zinc.
  • the isolating material 54 may burn away, melt, dissolve, disintegrate or otherwise undergo a change in condition that allows the catalyst 52 to interact with the acid-generating material 50.
  • the isolating material 54 may also be used to isolate either or both of the first component and the second component.
  • isolation it is meant that either or both of the components do not interact prior to detonation of the perforating gun.
  • a catalyst material may be used to isolate either or both of the first component or the second component.
  • the liner 48 may also include a matrix material such as powder metals or powder metals blended with ductile materials such as aluminum, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, bismuth, tantalum, tin, brass, molybdenum, etc. Materials such as plasticizers or binder may also be included in a material matrix of the liner 48.
  • the liner 48 may also be formed of malleable solid or sheet metals such as copper, zinc, and Pfinodal.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for perforating a subterranean formation may include a casing, an energetic material, a liner, and an acid-generating material. The casing may have a slotted end configured to receive a detonator cord, and an open end. The energetic material may be disposed in the open end and in ballistic. The liner may enclose the open end, and the liner may include an acid-generating material that is configured to form an acid upon detonation of the explosive material.

Description

TITLE: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENHANCED
WELLBORE PERFORATIONS
INVENTOR(S): CLAY, Matthew; and TALAVERA, James C.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
1 . Field of Disclosure
[0001] The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for perforating a well casing and/or a subterranean formation.
2. Description of the Related Art
[0002] Hydrocarbon producing wells typically include a casing string positioned within a wellbore that intersects a subterranean oil or gas deposit. The casing string increases the integrity of the wellbore and provides a path for producing fluids to the surface. Conventionally, the casing is cemented to the wellbore face and is subsequently perforated by detonating shaped explosive charges. When detonated, the shaped charges generate a jet that penetrates through the casing and forms a tunnel of a short distance into the adjacent formation. Often, the region that is perforated, and in particular the walls of the tunnel, may become impermeable due to the stress applied to the formation by the perforating jet as well as stresses that may be caused during the firing of the perforating gun. The loss of permeability and other harmful effects, such as the introduction of debris into the perforation, may adversely affect the flow of hydrocarbons from an intersected hydrocarbon deposit.
[0003] In aspects, the present disclosure addresses the need for perforating devices and methods that provide cleaner and more effective well perforations. SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0004] The present disclosure provides devices and methods for efficiently perforating a formation.
[0005] In aspects, the present disclosure provides a system for perforating a formation intersected by a wellbore.
[0006] In aspects, the present disclosure further provides a method for perforating a formation intersected by a wellbore.
[0007] The above-recited examples of features of the disclosure have been summarized rather broadly in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the contributions to the art may be appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the disclosure that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject of the claims appended hereto.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] For detailed understanding of the present disclosure, references should be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements have been given like numerals and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of an apparatus of the present disclosure as positioned within a well penetrating a subterranean formation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of a perforating gun shown in Fig. 1 ; and
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a liner made in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0009] Aspects of the present disclosure provide shaped charges that treat a tunnel formed by a perforating jet with an acid. The acid may be generated, in part, by one or more components making up a liner of the shaped charge. The acid is generated upon an energetic material of the shaped charge being detonated. The acid does not exist prior to detonation of the shaped charge. Further, the amount of acid generated is sufficient to perform a specified operation. In some embodiments, the acid may corrode or dissolve foreign matter such as human-made debris so that this foreign matter may be expelled out of the tunnel by the flowing formation fluid. In other embodiments, the acid may corrode or dissolve a naturally occurring material such as rock or earth surrounding the tunnel. In still other embodiments, the acid may increase the permeability or porosity of the formation to enhance fluid mobility.
[00010] Referring now to FIG. 1 , there is shown a well construction and/or hydrocarbon production facility 10 positioned over a subterranean formation of interest 12. The facility can be a land-based or offshore rig adapted to convey a tool, such as a perforating gun train, in a well bore 16. The wellbore 16 can include open hole sections and/or cased and cemented sections. The facility 10 can include known equipment and structures such as a platform 18 at the earth's surface 20, a derrick 22, a wellhead 24, and casing 26. A work string 28 suspended within the well bore 16 from the derrick 22 is used to convey tooling into the wellbore 16. The work string 28 may include drill pipe, coiled tubing, wire line, slick line, or any other known conveyance means. Further, the work string 28 may be pulled through the wellbore by a device such as a wellbore tractor (not shown), which may be advantageous in extended reach wells or deviated wells. The work string 28 can include telemetry lines or other signal/power transmission mediums that establish one-way or two-way telemetric communication from the surface to a tool connected to an end of the work string 28. A suitable telemetry system (not shown) can be known as mud pulse, electrical signals, acoustic, or other suitable systems. For illustrative purposes, there is shown a telemetry system having a surface controller (e.g., a power source and/or firing panel) 30 adapted to transmit signals via a cable or signal transmission line 31 disposed in the work string 28. The signals can be analog or digital signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, a perforating gun 32 is coupled to an end of the work string 28. The perforating gun 32 may be the apparatus used to transport the device described in Fig. 1 into the borehole.
[00011] The perforating gun 32 may be an explosive train assembly that includes a detonator, detonating cord, and one or more shaped charges 33. When detonated in the wellbore, the charges will produce holes through the casing, cement, and into the surrounding formation. This detonation establishes communication between the formation and wellbore, providing a path for the formation fluids and gasses to be produced. The explosive train assembly may designed to operate in a predetermined timed sequence. Electric detonators may be used to detonate the detonating cord, which in turn detonates the charges in order from the top down or bottom up. Below is an exemplary method of deployment of a perforating gun 32 that may utilize one or more detonators according to the present disclosure.
[00012] Referring to FIG. 2, a transverse cross section of a perforating gun assembly 32 is shown. The perforating gun assembly 32 has a tubular carrier 34 and a cylindrical charge tube 36 concentrically disposed within the tubular carrier 34. The outside diameter of the charge tube 36 is such that an annular space 38 is created between the charge tube 36 and the carrier 34. An explosive shaped charge 40 has a frusto-conical charge case 42. The charge case 42 is typically formed from steel, die cast aluminum, or zinc alloys and has an interior surface or wall 44 that defines a hollow interior of the charge case 42. The charge case 42 is open at the outer end and tapers inward. Disposed within the interior of the case 42 is a liner 48 having a generally conical or frusto-conical configuration. The liner 48 tapers inward from a base 50, located at the outer end, to a nose portion 52. The liner 48 is open at the base 50 and has a hollow interior. Disposed between the liner 48 and interior wall 44 of the casing 42 is an explosive material 54. The explosive material 54 extends from the interior of the case 42 through channel formed in the innermost end of the case 42. The case 42 receives a detonating cord 56 for detonating the explosive material 54 (Fig. 3) of the shaped charge 40.
[00013] FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view of a liner 48 made in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. When the shaped charges (FIG. 2) of the perforating gun assembly (FIG. 2) are detonated, the thermal energy and shock wave released by the explosive material 54 transforms the liner 48 into a molten jet that penetrates through the casing (not shown) in the wellbore and into the surrounding formation to form a perforation.
[00014] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the detonation of the explosive material 54 initiates the generation of one or more acids that are deposited into the tunnels formed by the jets. An illustrative tunnel is shown in Fig. 1 with numeral 60.
[00015] In one embodiment, the liner 48 may include an acid-generating material 50 for generating an acid. Specifically, the liner includes enough acid-generating material to generate enough acid to be functionally effective. By functionally effective, it is meant that the tunnel treated by the acid has a property or characteristic (e.g., permeability) that has been altered by a predetermined or desired amount. The acid-generating material 50 may be formed by the interaction of a first component and a second component. The first component may be or include a proton donor or positive ion. The second component is generally an aqueous solvent, in either liquid or gaseous form. It should be understood that the second component may store the aqueous solution in a solid form (e.g. , a hydrate). The solid may be processed to form a liquid or a gas that interacts with the first component to form the acid.
[00016] In one arrangement, the acid-generating material 50 may include all the components needed to form an acid, e.g. , the first component and the second component. In another arrangement, the liner 48 may include the first component that interacts with the second component in the gun 32 to form the acid. For example, the second component may be a material used to at least partially form the casing 42. Also, the second component may be a solid, liquid, or gas, located external to the liner 48 but internal to the carrier 34. In yet another variant, the second component may be a well fluid external to the carrier 34. In another arrangement, the liner 48 may include a first component that interacts with a naturally-occurring second component that is external to the carrier 34 and may be located in the wellbore 16 and / or the formation 12. The term "naturally occurring" refers to materials such as water, brine, and hydrocarbons that reside in the formation 16.
[00017] An acid may be defined as a substance that may act as a Lewis acid or Bronsted-Lowrey acid, including acids typically in the form of an aqueous solution. In one non-limiting instance, the acid-generating material may include a first component that may be configured to form an acid upon detonation of the explosive material. The first component may disassociate from the acid-generating material; upon disassociation, the first component may interact with the second component to form an acid.
[00018] The acid-generating material may include a catalyst configured to interact with a first component for generating an acid. The first component may be configured to react with a second component, e.g. a solvent, external to the liner for forming an acid in aqueous solution. The solvent or second component may be in the borehole, in the formation, or both.
[00019] In some embodiments, the acid generating material may include one or more components, such as but not limited to a proton donor or positive ion, a proton acceptor or negative ion, a catalyst, or materials that would aid in the acid formation upon detonation of the explosive material. It will be evident to those skilled in the art as to which aspects of the acid generating material may function as the proton donor (cation) or proton acceptor (anion). The components of the acid generating material may be or include, but are not limited to alumina, zeolites, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper(ll) sulfate, vanadium (V) oxide, phosphorus chloride, thionyl chloride family, acyl chloride family, alkyl halide family, alkenyl halide family, aryl halide family, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, manganese, peroxide family, naphtha, acetaldehyde, calcium fluoride, viton, TEFLON™, oxalic acid, anhydrous glycerol, ethyl isonitrile, ethyl amine, chloroform, formyl fluoride, sodium formate, hydrocyanic acid, nitrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and combinations thereof. The acids generated may be, but not limited to, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, phosphonic acid, and combinations thereof.
[00020] In some embodiments, the material 50 may be formulated to only react when exposed to a catalyst 52. The catalyst 52 may be disposed in an isolating material 54. The isolating material 54 initially prevents the interaction of the catalyst 52 with the other materials in the liner 48. The isolating material 54 may be selected to release the acid-generating material upon the occurrence of one or more conditions. For example, the isolating material 54 may be a metal that has a melting point below the temperatures encountered when the explosive material 44 is detonated. One illustrative, but not exclusive, isolating material is zinc. Upon detonation of the charge 40, the isolating material 54 may burn away, melt, dissolve, disintegrate or otherwise undergo a change in condition that allows the catalyst 52 to interact with the acid-generating material 50.
[00021] It should be appreciated that the isolating material 54 may also be used to isolate either or both of the first component and the second component. By isolation, it is meant that either or both of the components do not interact prior to detonation of the perforating gun. In certain embodiments, a catalyst material may be used to isolate either or both of the first component or the second component.
[00022] The liner 48 may also include a matrix material such as powder metals or powder metals blended with ductile materials such as aluminum, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, bismuth, tantalum, tin, brass, molybdenum, etc. Materials such as plasticizers or binder may also be included in a material matrix of the liner 48. The liner 48 may also be formed of malleable solid or sheet metals such as copper, zinc, and Pfinodal.
[00023] The foregoing description is directed to particular embodiments of the present disclosure for the purpose of illustration and explanation. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that many modifications and changes to the embodiment set forth above are possible without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, it is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such modifications and changes.

Claims

THE CLAIMS
1 . An apparatus for perforating a subterranean formation, comprising:
a casing having a slotted end configured to receive a detonator cord, and an open end;
an energetic material disposed in the open end; and a liner enclosing the open end, the liner including: an acid-generating material that is configured to form an acid upon detonation of the explosive material.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the acid-generating material includes at least a first component, the first component being configured to react with a second component external to the liner.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second component is in the borehole.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second component is in the formation.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a catalyst for generating the acid.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , w herein the acid-generating material includes a second component.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the acid-generating material includes a first component and a second component.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising an isolating material isolating the first component from the second component.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first component is selected from a group consisting of: alumina, zeolites, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper(ll) sulfate, vanadium (V) oxide, phosphorus chloride, thionyl chloride family, acyl chloride family, alkyl halide family, alkenyl halide family, aryl halide family, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, manganese, peroxide family, naphtha, acetaldehyde, calcium fluoride, viton, TEFLON™, oxalic acid, anhydrous glycerol, ethyl isonitrile, ethyl amine, chloroform, formyl fluoride, sodium formate, hydrocyanic acid, nitrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first component forms the acid by interacting with a second component selected from a group consisting of: alumina, zeolites, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper(ll) sulfate, vanadium (V) oxide, phosphorus chloride, thionyl chloride family, acyl chloride family, alkyl halide family, alkenyl halide family, aryl halide family, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, manganese, peroxide family, naphtha, acetaldehyde, calcium fluoride, viton, TEFLON™, oxalic acid, anhydrous glycerol, ethyl isonitrile, ethyl amine, chloroform, formyl fluoride, sodium formate, hydrocyanic acid, nitrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
1 1. An apparatus for perforating a subterranean formation, comprising:
a casing having a slotted end configured to receive a detonator cord, and an open end; an energetic material disposed in the open end; and
a liner enclosing the open end, the liner including: an acid-generating material that includes a first component and a second component, the first component disassociating to form an acid when exposed to the second component.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 1 , wherein the acid generating material is selected from a group consisting of: alumina, zeolites, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper(ll) sulfate, vanadium (V) oxide, phosphorus chloride, thionyl chloride family, acyl chloride family, alkyl halide family, alkenyl halide family, aryl halide family, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, manganese, peroxide family, naphtha, acetaldehyde, calcium fluoride, viton, TEFLON™, oxalic acid, anhydrous glycerol, ethyl isonitrile, ethyl amine, chloroform, formyl fluoride, sodium formate, hydrocyanic acid, nitrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and combinations thereof.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 1 , wherein the second component is an aqueous fluid.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 1 , wherein the second component is in the borehole.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 1 , wherein the second component is in the formation.
PCT/US2013/022296 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations WO2013109985A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201491183A EA201491183A1 (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVED PERFORATION WELLS
CA2862911A CA2862911A1 (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
MX2014008559A MX2014008559A (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations.
AU2013209503A AU2013209503B2 (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
CN201380005919.3A CN104066924A (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
EP13738286.7A EP2805012A4 (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
NO20140977A NO20140977A1 (en) 2012-01-18 2014-08-11 System and method for improved wellbore perforation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261587842P 2012-01-18 2012-01-18
US61/587,842 2012-01-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013109985A1 true WO2013109985A1 (en) 2013-07-25

Family

ID=48779171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2013/022296 WO2013109985A1 (en) 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8919444B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2805012A4 (en)
CN (1) CN104066924A (en)
AU (1) AU2013209503B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2862911A1 (en)
EA (1) EA201491183A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2014008559A (en)
NO (1) NO20140977A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013109985A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201411080D0 (en) * 2014-06-20 2014-08-06 Delphian Technologies Ltd Perforating gun assembly and method of forming wellbore perforations
SG11201805172TA (en) * 2015-12-17 2018-07-30 Aramco Services Co Targeting enhanced production through deep carbonate stimulation; stabilized acid emulsions containing insoluble solid materials with desired wetting properties
BR112018015899B1 (en) * 2016-02-17 2022-11-08 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc METHOD OF OPERATIONS IN A WELLHOLE AND DOWNHOLE TOOL FOR USE IN OPERATIONS IN A WELLHOLE
CN106761600B (en) * 2017-02-03 2019-06-11 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Underground operation tool
CN113302258A (en) * 2019-01-16 2021-08-24 狩猎巨人公司 Integrated coaxial perforation acidizing operation
US11441407B2 (en) * 2020-06-15 2022-09-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Sheath encapsulation to convey acid to formation fracture

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3157232A (en) * 1961-06-19 1964-11-17 Halliburton Co Method of acidizing wells
US3188955A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-06-15 Western Co Of North America Explosive charge assemblies
US20090166038A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2009-07-02 Pauls Richard W Organic Acid Compositions and Methods of Use in Subterranean Operations
US20100071957A1 (en) * 2007-01-23 2010-03-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill-In Fluids For Oil and Gas Reservoirs With High Carbonate Contents
US7819064B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2010-10-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shaped charge and a perforating gun
US7909115B2 (en) * 2007-09-07 2011-03-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for perforating utilizing a shaped charge in acidizing operations
US20110174486A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-21 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Wellbore Perforation Tool

Family Cites Families (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674620A (en) * 1950-08-05 1954-04-06 Hooker Electrochemical Co Process for preparing a mixture of trichloroacetic derivatives and reaction products thereof
US2760434A (en) 1952-01-10 1956-08-28 Olin Mathieson Explosive
US2766828A (en) 1953-07-20 1956-10-16 Exxon Research Engineering Co Fracturing subsurface formations and well stimulation
US3058522A (en) 1958-04-07 1962-10-16 Hydro Perf Company Oil well casing perforator
US3054938A (en) * 1959-11-09 1962-09-18 Dresser Ind Means and mode for depositing material by jet perforation
US3087424A (en) 1960-02-23 1963-04-30 Jersey Prod Res Co Seismic charge delay unit
US3659658A (en) 1970-09-28 1972-05-02 Schlumberger Technology Corp Well perforating apparatus
US4018293A (en) 1976-01-12 1977-04-19 The Keller Corporation Method and apparatus for controlled fracturing of subterranean formations
US4122899A (en) 1977-08-08 1978-10-31 Brieger Emmet F Well perforator with anchor and method
US4261956A (en) 1979-06-13 1981-04-14 Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation Cartridge for gas generator
US4391337A (en) 1981-03-27 1983-07-05 Ford Franklin C High-velocity jet and propellant fracture device for gas and oil well production
US4456069A (en) 1982-07-14 1984-06-26 Vigneri Ronald J Process and apparatus for treating hydrocarbon-bearing well formations
US4446920A (en) 1983-01-13 1984-05-08 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method and apparatus for perforating or cutting with a solid fueled gas mixture
US4475596A (en) 1983-01-31 1984-10-09 Papst Wolfgang A Well stimulation system
US4491185A (en) 1983-07-25 1985-01-01 Mcclure Gerald B Method and apparatus for perforating subsurface earth formations
US4519313A (en) 1984-03-21 1985-05-28 Jet Research Center, Inc. Charge holder
US4823875A (en) 1984-12-27 1989-04-25 Mt. Moriah Trust Well treating method and system for stimulating recovery of fluids
US4657089A (en) 1985-06-11 1987-04-14 Baker Oil Tools, Inc. Method and apparatus for initiating subterranean well perforating gun firing from bottom to top
US4844170A (en) * 1988-03-30 1989-07-04 Jet Research Center, Inc. Well perforating gun and method
US4967840A (en) 1990-01-18 1990-11-06 Resource Production Management, Inc. Process and apparatus for forming a gaseous stream for introduction into hydrocarbon bearing formations and gas generator therefor
US5088557A (en) 1990-03-15 1992-02-18 Dresser Industries, Inc. Downhole pressure attenuation apparatus
US5099763A (en) 1990-05-16 1992-03-31 Eti Explosive Technologies International Method of blasting
US5551344A (en) 1992-11-10 1996-09-03 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for overbalanced perforating and fracturing in a borehole
US5598891A (en) 1994-08-04 1997-02-04 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for perforating and fracturing
AUPM825794A0 (en) 1994-09-20 1994-10-13 Gray, Ian Wellbore stimulation and completion device
CN1147054A (en) * 1995-10-04 1997-04-09 史慧生 Perforation and acidification processing device for oil well
US6158511A (en) 1996-09-09 2000-12-12 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for perforating and stimulating a subterranean formation
US5775426A (en) 1996-09-09 1998-07-07 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for perforating and stimulating a subterranean formation
US6082450A (en) 1996-09-09 2000-07-04 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for stimulating a subterranean formation
US6426917B1 (en) 1997-06-02 2002-07-30 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Reservoir monitoring through modified casing joint
US6354219B1 (en) 1998-05-01 2002-03-12 Owen Oil Tools, Inc. Shaped-charge liner
US6263283B1 (en) 1998-08-04 2001-07-17 Marathon Oil Company Apparatus and method for generating seismic energy in subterranean formations
US6536524B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2003-03-25 Marathon Oil Company Method and system for performing a casing conveyed perforating process and other operations in wells
US6386288B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2002-05-14 Marathon Oil Company Casing conveyed perforating process and apparatus
US6237688B1 (en) 1999-11-01 2001-05-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pre-drilled casing apparatus and associated methods for completing a subterranean well
US6439121B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2002-08-27 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Perforating charge carrier and method of assembly for same
US6494261B1 (en) 2000-08-16 2002-12-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Apparatus and methods for perforating a subterranean formation
CA2446888C (en) 2001-02-06 2008-06-17 Xi'an Tongyuan Petrotech Co., Ltd. A high-energy combined well perforating device
US7393423B2 (en) 2001-08-08 2008-07-01 Geodynamics, Inc. Use of aluminum in perforating and stimulating a subterranean formation and other engineering applications
US20030070811A1 (en) 2001-10-12 2003-04-17 Robison Clark E. Apparatus and method for perforating a subterranean formation
US6722434B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2004-04-20 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods of generating gas in well treating fluids
US7216708B1 (en) 2003-09-12 2007-05-15 Bond Lesley O Reactive stimulation of oil and gas wells
GB0323673D0 (en) 2003-10-10 2003-11-12 Qinetiq Ltd Improvements in and relating to perforators
US20050115448A1 (en) 2003-10-22 2005-06-02 Owen Oil Tools Lp Apparatus and method for penetrating oilbearing sandy formations, reducing skin damage and reducing hydrocarbon viscosity
US7228906B2 (en) 2003-11-08 2007-06-12 Marathon Oil Company Propellant ignition assembly and process
US7353866B2 (en) 2005-04-25 2008-04-08 Marathon Oil Company Stimulation tool having a sealed ignition system
US7913761B2 (en) 2005-10-18 2011-03-29 Owen Oil Tools Lp System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
US7621332B2 (en) 2005-10-18 2009-11-24 Owen Oil Tools Lp Apparatus and method for perforating and fracturing a subterranean formation
US7431083B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2008-10-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Sub-surface coalbed methane well enhancement through rapid oxidation
US20100000397A1 (en) 2006-04-17 2010-01-07 Owen Oil Tools Lp High Density Perforating Gun System Producing Reduced Debris
CN101148980A (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 史慧生 Perforation and acidification pressing crack combined device for oil well
US20090078420A1 (en) 2007-09-25 2009-03-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Perforator charge with a case containing a reactive material
CA2689867C (en) 2009-01-09 2016-05-17 Owen Oil Tools Lp Detonator for material-dispensing wellbore tools
US8342094B2 (en) * 2009-10-22 2013-01-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Dissolvable material application in perforating
US8403051B2 (en) * 2010-10-13 2013-03-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Stabilizing emulsified acids for carbonate acidizing

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3188955A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-06-15 Western Co Of North America Explosive charge assemblies
US3157232A (en) * 1961-06-19 1964-11-17 Halliburton Co Method of acidizing wells
US20090166038A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2009-07-02 Pauls Richard W Organic Acid Compositions and Methods of Use in Subterranean Operations
US7819064B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2010-10-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shaped charge and a perforating gun
US20100071957A1 (en) * 2007-01-23 2010-03-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill-In Fluids For Oil and Gas Reservoirs With High Carbonate Contents
US7909115B2 (en) * 2007-09-07 2011-03-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for perforating utilizing a shaped charge in acidizing operations
US20110174486A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-21 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Wellbore Perforation Tool

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP2805012A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2862911A1 (en) 2013-07-25
CN104066924A (en) 2014-09-24
EP2805012A4 (en) 2015-11-11
MX2014008559A (en) 2014-10-24
NO20140977A1 (en) 2014-08-11
US8919444B2 (en) 2014-12-30
AU2013209503B2 (en) 2017-02-02
EA201491183A1 (en) 2014-12-30
AU2013209503A1 (en) 2014-07-24
US20130180701A1 (en) 2013-07-18
EP2805012A1 (en) 2014-11-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11542766B2 (en) Compact setting tool
US8919444B2 (en) System and method for enhanced wellbore perforations
AU2016317927B2 (en) High shot density perforating gun
US6237688B1 (en) Pre-drilled casing apparatus and associated methods for completing a subterranean well
US20170328134A1 (en) System for Extended Use in High Temperature Wellbore
US8919236B2 (en) Perforating gun drop sub
US10337300B2 (en) Method to control energy inside a perforation gun using an endothermic reaction
US11629585B2 (en) Integrated coaxial perforating acidizing operation
NO343247B1 (en) A method of plugging a well
CN108351192A (en) The oil field perforation device removed designed for large capacity casing
US9085969B2 (en) Bi-directional shaped charges for perforating a wellbore
AU2018282890B2 (en) Limited penetration perforating methods for oilfield applications
WO2022081017A1 (en) Retrofit b annulus monitoring device and method
GB2605061A (en) Retrofit B annulus monitoring device and method
Wilson Autonomous Perforating Tool Works Without Umbilicals and Self-Destructs During Process

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13738286

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2862911

Country of ref document: CA

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 201491183

Country of ref document: EA

Ref document number: MX/A/2014/008559

Country of ref document: MX

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2013738286

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2013209503

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20130118

Kind code of ref document: A