WO2013109659A1 - Structures fibreuses contenant de la fibre de pâte de feuillus et leurs procédés de fabrication - Google Patents

Structures fibreuses contenant de la fibre de pâte de feuillus et leurs procédés de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013109659A1
WO2013109659A1 PCT/US2013/021788 US2013021788W WO2013109659A1 WO 2013109659 A1 WO2013109659 A1 WO 2013109659A1 US 2013021788 W US2013021788 W US 2013021788W WO 2013109659 A1 WO2013109659 A1 WO 2013109659A1
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fibers
fiber
kajaani
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PCT/US2013/021788
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English (en)
Inventor
Dale Gary Kavalew
Gillian Scott Cooper
John Ferney Mckibben
Ward William Ostendorf
John Allen Manifold
Anja Werth
Khosrow Parviz Mohammadi
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The Procter & Gamble Company
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Publication of WO2013109659A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013109659A1/fr

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hardwood pulp fiber-containing structures, more particularly to hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures that exhibit increased free fiber ends, which typically provide better tactile feel for consumers, improved fiber densification, and/or improved softness compared to known hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures.
  • the present invention relates to hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit desired fiber properties and methods for making same.
  • Hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures are known in the art.
  • eucalyptus pulp fibers and/or blends thereof such as those commercially available from Fibria in Brazil under the trade name bleached eucalyptus kraft or BEK and Suzano Pulp and Paper in Brazil under the trade name Suzano Mucuri (a blend of eucalyptus pulp fibers).
  • fibrous structures comprising acacia pulp fibers, such as those commercially available from Riaupulp in Indonesia are also known in the art.
  • northern hardwood pulp fibers, such maple pulp fibers are also known to be used in fibrous structures.
  • the present invention fulfills the needs described above by providing one or more hardwood pulp fibers and/or hardwood pulp fiber compositions that exhibit desired fiber properties that are suitable for use in producing fibrous structures according to the present invention.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ , is provided.
  • a single- or multi-ply sanitary tissue product comprising a fibrous structure according to the present invention.
  • a method for making a fibrous structure according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a fibrous furnish comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ ;
  • a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising:
  • a process for making a hardwood pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and greater than 80% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of 13.90 ⁇ or greater;
  • a process for making a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.15 ⁇ and greater than 80% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of 14.15 ⁇ or greater;
  • a process for making a hardwood pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and greater than 80% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of 5.98 ⁇ or greater;
  • a process for making a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and greater than 80% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of 6.15 ⁇ or greater;
  • eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising i. 20% or greater by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ ;
  • a process for making a hardwood pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani millions of fibers/gram of greater than 24 millions of fibers/gram and greater than 80% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani millions of fibers/gram of 24 millions of fibers/gram or less;
  • a process for making a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani millions of fibers/gram of greater than
  • a process for making a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • a. providing a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber coarseness of less than 0.074 mg/m and greater than 80% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber coarseness of 0.074 mg/m or greater;
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ , is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising about 5% or greater by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani millions of fibers/gram of greater than 24 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 24.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 25 millions of fibers/gram, is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.15 ⁇ and/or less than 14.10 ⁇ and/or less than 14.05 ⁇ and/or less than 14.00 ⁇ and/or less than 13.95 ⁇ and/or less than 13.90 ⁇ , is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ , is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a Kajaani millions of fibers/gram of greater than 20.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 21 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 21.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 22 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 22.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 23 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 23.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 24 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 24.5 millions of fibers/gram and/or greater than 25 millions of fibers/gram, is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibits a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41, is provided.
  • a fibrous structure comprising 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit a ratio of Kajaani fiber coarseness of less than 0.074 mg/m and/or less than 0.0735 mg/m, is provided.
  • the present invention provides novel hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures, hardwood pulp fiber compositions and methods for making same.
  • Fiber as used herein means an elongate physical structure having an apparent length greatly exceeding its apparent diameter, i.e. a length to diameter ratio of at least about 10. Fibers having a non-circular cross-section and/or tubular shape are common; the "diameter” in this case may be considered to be the diameter of a circle having cross-sectional area equal to the cross- sectional area of the fiber. More specifically, as used herein, “fiber” refers to fibrous structure- making fibers. The present invention contemplates the use of a variety of fibrous structure- making fibers, such as, for example, natural fibers, such as trichome fibers and/or wood pulp fibers, or synthetic fibers, or any other suitable fibers, and any combination thereof.
  • Natural fibrous structure-making fibers useful in the present invention include animal fibers, mineral fibers, other plant fibers (in addition to the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention) and mixtures thereof.
  • Animal fibers may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of: wool, silk and mixtures thereof.
  • the other plant fibers may, for example, be derived from a plant selected from the group consisting of: wood, cotton, cotton linters, flax, sisal, abaca, hemp, hesperaloe, jute, bamboo, bagasse, kudzu, corn, sorghum, gourd, agave, loofah and mixtures thereof.
  • Wood fibers often referred to as wood pulps, include chemical pulps, such as kraft
  • sulfate and sulfite pulps as well as mechanical and semi-chemical pulps including, for example, groundwood, thermomechanical pulp, chemi-mechanical pulp (CMP), chemi- thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), neutral semi-chemical sulfite pulp (NSCS).
  • Chemical pulps may be preferred since they impart a superior tactile sense of softness to tissue sheets made therefrom.
  • Pulps derived from both deciduous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "hardwood”) and coniferous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "softwood”) may be utilized.
  • the hardwood and softwood fibers can be blended, or alternatively, can be deposited in layers to provide a stratified and/or layered web.
  • Wood pulp fibers may be hardwood pulp fibers or softwood pulp fibers.
  • hardwood pulp fibers include fibers derived from a fiber source selected from the group consisting of: Acacia, Eucalyptus, Maple, Oak, Aspen, Birch, Cottonwood, Alder, Ash, Cherry, Elm, Hickory, Poplar, Gum, Walnut, Locust, Sycamore, Beech, Catalpa, Sassafras, Gmelina, Albizia, Anthocephalus, and Magnolia.
  • softwood pulp fibers include fibers derived from a fiber source selected from the group consisting of: Pine, Spruce, Fir, Tamarack, Hemlock, Cypress, and Cedar.
  • Softwood pulp fibers derived from the kraft process and originating from more-northern climates may be preferred. These are often referred to as northern softwood kraft (NSK) pulps.
  • Synthetic fibers may be selected from the group consisting of: wet spun fibers, dry spun fibers, melt spun (including melt blown) fibers, synthetic pulp fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • Synthetic fibers may, for example, be comprised of cellulose (often referred to as "rayon”); cellulose derivatives such as esters, ether, or nitrous derivatives; polyolefins (including polyethylene and polypropylene); polyesters (including polyethylene terephthalate); poly amides (often referred to as "nylon”); acrylics; non-cellulosic polymeric carbohydrates (such as starch, chitin and chitin derivatives such as chitosan); polylactic acids, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polycaprolactones, and mixtures thereof.
  • synthetic fibers may be used as binding agents.
  • Fiber Length "Average Fiber Length” and “Weighted Average Fiber Length” are terms used interchangeably herein all intended to represent the "Length Weighted Average Fiber Length” as determined for example by means of a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland. The instructions supplied with the unit detail the formula used to arrive at this average. The recommended method for measuring fiber length using this instrument is essentially the same as detailed by the manufacturer of the FiberLab in its operation manual. The recommended consistencies for charging to the FiberLab are somewhat lower than recommended by the manufacturer since this gives more reliable operation. Short fiber furnishes, as defined herein, should be diluted to 0.02- 0.04% prior to charging to the instrument. Long fiber furnishes, as defined herein, should be diluted to 0.15% - 0.30%. Alternatively, fiber length may be determined by sending the short fibers to a contract lab, such as Integrated Paper Services, Appleton, Wisconsin.
  • a contract lab such as Integrated Paper Services, Appleton,
  • Fibrous structures may be comprised of a combination of hardwood pulp fibers and softwood pulp fibers.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable hardwood pulp fibers for use in the present invention include fibers that exhibit an average fiber length of less than about 5 mm and/or less than about 3 mm and/or less than about 1.2 mm and/or less than about 1.0 mm and/or from about 0.4 mm to about 5 mm and/or from about 0.5 mm to about 3 mm and/or from about 0.5 mm to about 1.2 mm and/or from about 0.6 mm to about 1.0 mm.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable softwood pulp fibers for use in the present invention include fibers that exhibit an average fiber length of less than about 7 mm and/or less than about 5 mm and/or less than about 3 mm and/or less than about 2.5 mm and/or from about 1 mm to about 5 mm and/or from about 1.5 mm to about 3 mm and/or from about 1.8 mm to about 4 mm and/or from about 2 mm to about 3 mm.
  • Fibrous structure as used herein means a structure that comprises one or more fibers.
  • processes for making fibrous structures include known wet-laid papermaking processes and air-laid papermaking processes. Such processes typically include steps of preparing a fiber composition in the form of a suspension in a medium, either wet, more specifically aqueous medium, or dry, more specifically gaseous, i.e. with air as medium.
  • the aqueous medium used for wet-laid processes is oftentimes referred to as a fiber slurry.
  • the fibrous suspension is then used to deposit a plurality of fibers onto a forming wire or belt such that an embryonic fibrous structure is formed, after which drying and/or bonding the fibers together results in a fibrous structure.
  • the fibrous structure may be carried out such that a finished fibrous structure is formed.
  • the finished fibrous structure is the fibrous structure that is wound on the reel at the end of papermaking, and may subsequently be converted into a finished product, e.g. a sanitary tissue product.
  • Non-limiting types of fibrous structures according to the present invention include conventionally felt-pressed fibrous structures; pattern densified fibrous structures; and high-bulk, uncompacted fibrous structures.
  • the fibrous structures may be of a homogenous or multilayered (two or three or more layers) construction; and the sanitary tissue products made therefrom may be of a single -ply or multi-ply construction.
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention is a pattern densified fibrous structure characterized by having a relatively high-bulk region of relatively low fiber density and an array of densified regions of relatively high fiber density.
  • the high-bulk field is characterized as a field of pillow regions.
  • the densified zones are referred to as knuckle regions.
  • the knuckle regions exhibit greater density than the pillow regions.
  • the densified zones may be discretely spaced within the high-bulk field or may be interconnected, either fully or partially, within the high-bulk field.
  • the knuckles may exhibit a relative density of at least 125% of the density of the high-bulk field.
  • Processes for making pattern densified fibrous structures are well known in the art as exemplified in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,301,746, 3,974,025, 4,191,609 and 4,637,859.
  • the fibrous structures comprising a hardwood pulp fibers in accordance with the present invention may be in the form of through-air-dried fibrous structures, differential density fibrous structures, differential basis weight fibrous structures, wet laid fibrous structures, air laid fibrous structures (examples of which are described in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the air laid fibrous structure is selected from the group consisting of thermal bonded air laid (TBAL) fibrous structures, latex bonded air laid (LBAL) fibrous structures and mixed bonded air laid (MBAL) fibrous structures.
  • the fibrous structures may exhibit a substantially uniform density or may exhibit differential density regions, in other words regions of high density compared to other regions within the patterned fibrous structure.
  • a fibrous structure is not pressed against a cylindrical dryer, such as a Yankee dryer, while the fibrous structure is still wet and supported by a through- air-drying fabric or by another fabric or when an air laid fibrous structure is not spot bonded, the fibrous structure typically exhibits a substantially uniform density.
  • "Sanitary tissue product” as used herein means a soft, low density (i.e.
  • sanitary tissue product may be convolutedly wound upon itself about a core or without a core to form a sanitary tissue product roll.
  • the sanitary tissue product of the present invention comprises a fibrous structure according to the present invention.
  • the sanitary tissue products of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight between about 10 g/m 2 ("gsm") to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 15 g/m 2 to about 110 g/m 2 and/or from about 20 g/m 2 to about 100 g/m 2 and/or from about 30 to 90 g/m 2 .
  • the sanitary tissue product of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight between about 40 g/m 2 to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 50 g/m 2 to about 110 g/m 2 and/or from about 55 g/m 2 to about 105 g/m 2 and/or from about 60 to 100 g/m 2 as measured according to the Basis Weight Test Method described herein.
  • Basis Weight as used herein is the weight per unit area of a sample reported in lbs/3000 ft 2 or g/m 2 .
  • Basis weight is measured by preparing one or more samples of a certain area (m 2 ) and weighing the sample(s) of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure on a top loading balance with a minimum resolution of 0.01 g. The balance is protected from air drafts and other disturbances using a draft shield. Weights are recorded when the readings on the balance become constant.
  • the average weight (g) is calculated and the average area of the samples (m 2 ) is measured.
  • the basis weight (g/m 2 ) is calculated by dividing the average weight (g) by the average area of the samples (m 2 ).
  • Softness of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a paper product comprising such fibrous structure is determined as follows. Ideally, prior to softness testing, the samples to be tested should be conditioned according to Tappi Method #T4020M-88. Here, samples are preconditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity level of 10 to 35% and within a temperature range of 22°C to 40°C. After this preconditioning step, samples should be conditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity of 48% to 52% and within a temperature range of 22°C to 24°C. Ideally, the softness panel testing should take place within the confines of a constant temperature and humidity room. If this is not feasible, all samples, including the controls, should experience identical environmental exposure conditions.
  • Softness testing is performed as a paired comparison in a form similar to that described in "Manual on Sensory Testing Methods", ASTM Special Technical Publication 434, published by the American Society For Testing and Materials 1968 and is incorporated herein by reference. Softness is evaluated by subjective testing using what is referred to as a Paired Difference Test. The method employs a standard external to the test material itself. For tactile perceived softness two samples are presented such that the subject cannot see the samples, and the subject is required to choose one of them on the basis of tactile softness. The result of the test is reported in what is referred to as Panel Score Unit (PSU). With respect to softness testing to obtain the softness data reported herein in PSU, a number of softness panel tests are performed.
  • PSU Panel Score Unit
  • each test ten practiced softness judges are asked to rate the relative softness of three sets of paired samples.
  • the pairs of samples are judged one pair at a time by each judge: one sample of each pair being designated X and the other Y.
  • each X sample is graded against its paired Y sample as follows:
  • a grade of plus one is given if X is judged to may be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus one is given if Y is judged to may be a little softer than X;
  • a grade of plus two is given if X is judged to surely be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus two is given if Y is judged to surely be a little softer than X;
  • a grade of plus four is given to X if it is judged to be a whole lot softer than Y, and a grade of minus 4 is given if Y is judged to be a whole lot softer than X.
  • the grades are averaged and the resultant value is in units of PSU.
  • the resulting data are considered the results of one panel test. If more than one sample pair is evaluated then all sample pairs are rank ordered according to their grades by paired statistical analysis. Then, the rank is shifted up or down in value as required to give a zero PSU value to which ever sample is chosen to be the zero-base standard. The other samples then have plus or minus values as determined by their relative grades with respect to the zero base standard.
  • the number of panel tests performed and averaged is such that about 0.2 PSU represents a significant difference in subjectively perceived softness.
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention comprise hardwood pulp fibers.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers may comprise tropical hardwood pulp fibers.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers comprise eucalyptus pulp fibers.
  • the fiber properties disclosed herein are measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer as described herein.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention comprise hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or less than 13.80 ⁇ and/or less than 13.70 ⁇ and/or less than 13.60 ⁇ and/or less than 13.50 ⁇ and/or less than 13.45 ⁇
  • the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention comprise tropical hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) e. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention comprise eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) e. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41 ;
  • the hardwood pulp fibers and/or tropical hardwood pulp fibers and/or eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention exhibit a Kajaani Fiber Collapse Ratio of greater than 0.050 and/or greater than 0.052 to less than 0.078 and/or less than 0.075 and/or less than 0.070 and/or less than 0.065 and/or less than 0.060 as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers and/or tropical hardwood pulp fibers and/or eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention exhibit a Kajaani Fiber Coarseness of less than 0.075 mg/m and/or 0.073 mg/m or less and/or to about 0.010 mg/m and/or to about 0.020 mg/m and/or to about 0.030 mg/m and/or to about 0.040 mg/m and/or to about 0.050 mg/m and/or to about 0.060 mg/m and/or greater than 0.068 mg/m as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • Table 1 shows a comparison of fiber morphology for an example of a hardwood pulp fiber of the present invention, which is a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, namely, a eucalyptus pulp fiber (eucalyptus also referred to as euc) useful in the present invention and other known hardwood pulp fibers, including other eucalyptus pulp fibers, an acacia pulp fiber, which is a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, and a maple pulp fiber, which is a northern hardwood pulp fiber.
  • a hardwood pulp fiber of the present invention which is a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, namely, a eucalyptus pulp fiber (eucalyptus also referred to as euc) useful in the present invention and other known hardwood pulp fibers, including other eucalyptus pulp fibers, an acacia pulp fiber, which is a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, and a maple pulp fiber, which is a northern hardwood pulp fiber.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention may be obtained from one or more hardwood pulp trees and/or tropical hardwood pulp trees and/or eucalyptus pulp trees that are a source of the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention via a suitable pulping process known in the art.
  • the pulping process may provide a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising a plurality of hardwood pulp fibers.
  • eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention are extracted from a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition commercially available from Suzano Pulp & Paper under the trade name Suzano Mucuri, which comprises a mixture of eucalyptus pulp fibers including a relatively small amount by weight of the eucalyptus pulp fiber of the present invention.
  • the hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention may be in the form of a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater and/or 30% or greater and/or 40% or greater and/or 50% or greater and/or 60% or greater and/or 70% or greater and/or 80% or greater and/or 90% or greater and/or up to 100% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or less than 13.80 ⁇ and/or less than 13.70 ⁇ and/or less than 13.60 ⁇ and/or less than 13.50 ⁇ and/or less than 13.45 ⁇
  • the tropical hardwood pulp fibers of the present invention may be in the form of a tropical hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater and/or 30% or greater and/or 40% or greater and/or 50% or greater and/or 60% or greater and/or 70% or greater and/or 80% or greater and/or 90% or greater and/or up to 100% by weight of tropical hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) e. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • the eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention may be in the form of a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater and/or 30% or greater and/or 40% or greater and/or 50% or greater and/or 60% or greater and/or 70% or greater and/or 80% or greater and/or 90% or greater and/or up to 100% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41; as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • the hardwood pulp fiber composition of the present invention may be derived by adjusting the composition of available hardwood fiber pulp mixtures.
  • a hardwood pulp fiber composition of the present invention is obtained using a process for comprising the steps of:
  • a. providing a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising less than 20% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties: i. a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or less than 13.80 ⁇ and/or less than 13.70 ⁇ and/or less than 13.60 ⁇ and/or less than 13.50 ⁇ and/or less than 13.45 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a tropical hardwood pulp fiber composition of the present invention obtained using a process for comprising the steps of:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • v. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • a tropical hardwood pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater by weight of tropical hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • v. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition of the present invention is obtained using a process for comprising the steps of:
  • a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition for example a eucalyptus pulp fiber composition from Suzano Pulp and Paper under the trade name Suzano Mucuri, comprising less than 20% by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ; iii.
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • v. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • eucalyptus pulp fiber composition comprising 20% or greater by weight of eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • v. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention may comprise greater than 20% and/or greater than 30% and/or greater than 40% and/or greater than 50% and/or greater than 75% and/or greater than 90% and/or 100% or less by weight on a dry fiber basis of pulp fibers.
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or less than 13.80 ⁇ and/or less than 13.70 ⁇ and/or less than 13.60 ⁇ and/or less than 13.50 ⁇ and/or less than 13.45 ⁇
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises 1% and/or 3% and/or 5% or greater, for example greater than 5%, by weight of tropical hardwood pulp fibers, for example tropical hardwood pulp fibers selected from the group consisting of acacia pulp fibers, eucalyptus pulp fibers, and mixtures thereof, that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm; and e. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41;
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises 1% and/or
  • eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit one or more of the following properties:
  • a Kajaani fiber cell wall thickness of less than 6.15 ⁇ and/or less than 6.10 ⁇ and/or less than 6.05 ⁇ and/or less than 6.00 ⁇ and/or less than 5.98 ⁇ and/or less than 5.97 ⁇ and/or less than 5.96 ⁇ and/or less than 5.94 ⁇ ;
  • a Kajaani fiber length of less than 0.64 mm and/or less than 0.60 mm and/or less than 0.57 mm and/or less than 0.55 mm and/or less than 0.53 mm and/or to about 0.40 mm and/or to about 0.45 mm and/or to about 0.50 mm and/or to about 0.52 mm;
  • Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) e. a ratio of Kajaani fiber length ( ⁇ ) to Kajaani fiber width ( ⁇ ) of less than 45 and/or less than 43 and/or less than 41 ;
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention comprise from greater than 5% and/or greater than 10% and/or greater than 15% and/or greater than 20% and/or to about 50% and/or to about 45% and/or to about 40% by weight of the hardwood pulp fibers and/or tropical hardwood pulp fibers and/or eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention.
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention comprise from greater than 50% and/or greater than 60% and/or greater than 70% and/or to about 100% and/or to about 90% and/or to about 80% by weight of the hardwood pulp fibers and/or tropical hardwood pulp fibers and/or eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention.
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight between about 10 g/m 2 to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 15 g/m 2 to about 110 g/m 2 and/or from about 20 g/m 2 to about 100 g/m 2 and/or from about 30 to 90 g/m 2 .
  • the sanitary tissue product of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight between about 40 g/m 2 to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 50 g/m 2 to about 110 g/m 2 and/or from about 55 g/m 2 to about 105 g/m 2 and/or from about 60 to 100 g/m 2 as measured according to the Basis Weight Test Method described herein.
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight of at least 21 g/m 2 and/or at least 23 g/m 2 and/or at least 25 g/m 2 .
  • the fibrous structure may comprise other additives, such as wet strength additives (such as permanent and/or temporary wet strength additives), softening additives (such as silicones and/or quaternary ammonium compounds), solid additives (such as starch, clays), dry strength resins, wetting agents, lint resisting and/or reducing agents, absorbency-enhancing agents, immobilizing agents, especially in combination with emollient lotion compositions, antiviral agents including organic acids, antibacterial agents, polyol polyesters, antimigration agents, polyhydroxy plasticizers, and mixtures thereof.
  • wet strength additives such as permanent and/or temporary wet strength additives
  • softening additives such as silicones and/or quaternary ammonium compounds
  • solid additives such as starch, clays
  • dry strength resins such as wetting agents, lint resisting and/or reducing agents, absorbency-enhancing agents, immobilizing agents, especially in combination with emollient lotion compositions
  • antiviral agents including organic
  • Such other additives may be added to the fiber furnish, the embryonic fibrous web and/or the fibrous structure.
  • Such additives may be present in the fibrous structure at any level based on the dry weight of the fibrous structure.
  • an additive may be present in the fibrous structure at a level of from about 0.001 to about 50% and/or from about 0.001 to about 20% and/or from about 0.01 to about 5% and/or from about 0.03 to about 3% and/or from about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight, on a dry fibrous structure basis.
  • a fibrous structure of the present invention comprises a softening additive, for example silicone.
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises a softening additive, for example a quaternary ammonium compound.
  • a fibrous structure of the present invention exhibits a greater free fiber- end count than the same fibrous structure having less than 5% by weight of a hardwood pulp fiber that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or a tropical hardwood pulp that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.05 ⁇ and/or a eucalyptus pulp fiber that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.15 ⁇ as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • a fibrous structure of the present invention exhibits a lower coefficient of friction than the same fibrous structure having less than 5% by weight of a hardwood pulp fiber that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 13.90 ⁇ and/or a tropical hardwood pulp that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.05 ⁇ and/or a eucalyptus pulp fiber that exhibits a Kajaani fiber width of less than 14.15 ⁇ as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises a through-air- dried fibrous structure.
  • the fibrous structure of the present inveniton comprises a creped fibrous structure.
  • the fibrous structure of the present invention comprises an uncreped fibrous structure.
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention may further comprise other hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit Kajaani fiber widths of 13.90 ⁇ or greater and/or other tropical hardwood pulp fibers that exhibit Kajaani fiber widths of 14.05 ⁇ or greater and/or other eucalyptus pulp fibers that exhibit Kajaani fiber widths of 14.15 ⁇ or greater as measured using a Kajaani FiberLab Fiber Analyzer commercially available from Metso Automation, Kajaani Finland.
  • the fibrous structures may comprise softwood pulp fibers.
  • Suitable softwood pulp fibers include softwood pulp fibers selected from the group consisting of: Southern Softwood Kraft, Tropical Softwood Kraft and Northern Softwood Kraft, Tropical Softwood Kraft, and mixtures thereof
  • the fibrous structures of the present invention may be subjected to any suitable post processing including, but not limited to, printing, embossing, calendaring, slitting, folding, combining with other fibrous structures, and the like.
  • a single- or multi-ply sanitary tissue product may comprise one or more fibrous structures of the present invention.
  • the sanitary tissue product may be in roll form.
  • Any suitable process for making fibrous structures known in the art may be used to make hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures of the present invention.
  • the hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures of the present invention are made by a wet laid fibrous structure making process. In another example, the hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structures of the present invention are made by an air laid fibrous structure making process.
  • a hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structure is made by the process comprising the steps of: a) preparing a fiber furnish (slurry) by mixing a hardwood pulp fiber with water; b) depositing the fiber furnish on a foraminous forming surface to form an embryonic fibrous web; and c) drying the embryonic fibrous web.
  • a fiber furnish comprising a hardwood pulp fiber such as a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, for example a eucalyptus pulp fiber, is deposited onto a foraminuous forming surface via a headbox.
  • a hardwood pulp fiber such as a tropical hardwood pulp fiber, for example a eucalyptus pulp fiber
  • the following example illustrates a non-limiting example for the preparation of a hardwood pulp fiber-containing fibrous structure of the present invention.
  • a sheet with 32% x 33% x 35% layering consist of fabric layer, center layer and wire layer.
  • the entire sheet has 70% by weight on a dry fiber basis of eucalyptus pulp fibers of the present invention and 30% by weight on a dry fiber basis of northern softwood kraft (NSK) pulp fibers is made.
  • NSK northern softwood kraft
  • An aqueous slurry of the eucalyptus pulp fibers is prepared at about 3% by weight using a conventional repulper. Separately, an aqueous slurry of the NSK pulp fibers of about 3% by weight is made up using a conventional repulper.
  • a 1% dispersion of a temporary wet strength additive (e.g., Parez ® commercially available from Kemira) is prepared and is added to the NSK fiber stock pipe at a rate sufficient to deliver 0.3% temporary wet strength additive based on the dry weight of the NSK pulp fibers.
  • the absorption of the temporary wet strength additive is enhanced by passing the treated NSK pulp fiber slurry through an in-line mixer.
  • the eucalyptus pulp fiber slurry is diluted with white water at the inlet of a fan pump to a consistency of about 0.15% based on the total weight of the eucalyptus pulp fiber slurry.
  • the NSK pulp fibers likewise, are diluted with white water at the inlet of a fan pump to a consistency of about 0.15% based on the total weight of the NSK pulp fiber slurry.
  • the eucalyptus pulp fiber slurry and the NSK pulp fiber slurry are both directed to a layered headbox capable of maintaining the slurries as separate streams until they are deposited onto a forming fabric on the Fourdrinier. "DC 2310" (Dow Corning, Midland, MI) antifoam is dripped into the wirepit to control foam to maintain white water levels of 10 ppm.
  • the paper making machine has a layered headbox with a top chamber, a center chamber, and a bottom chamber.
  • the eucalyptus pulp fiber slurry is pumped through the top and bottom headbox chambers and, simultaneously, the NSK pulp fiber slurry is pumped through the center headbox chamber and delivered in superposed relation onto a Fourdrinier wire to form thereon a three-layer embryonic web, of which about 70% is made up of the eucalyptus pulp fibers and about 30% is made up of the NSK pulp fibers.
  • Dewatering occurs through the Fourdrinier wire and is assisted by a deflector and vacuum boxes.
  • the Fourdrinier wire is of a 5-shed, satin weave configuration having 87 machine-direction and 76 cross-machine-direction monofilaments per inch, respectively.
  • the speed of the Fourdrinier wire is about 750 fpm (feet per minute).
  • the embryonic wet web is transferred from the Fourdrinier wire, at a fiber consistency of about 15% at the point of transfer, to a patterned drying fabric.
  • the speed of the patterned drying fabric is about the same as the speed of the Fourdrinier wire.
  • the drying fabric is designed to yield a pattern densified tissue with discontinuous low-density deflected areas arranged within a continuous network of high density (knuckle) areas.
  • This drying fabric is formed by casting an impervious resin surface onto a fiber mesh supporting fabric.
  • the supporting fabric is a 98 X 62 filament, dual layer mesh.
  • the thickness of the resin cast is about 12 mils above the supporting fabric.
  • a suitable process for making the patterned drying fabric is described in published application US 2004/0084167 Al.
  • the web While remaining in contact with the patterned drying fabric, the web is pre-dried by air blow-through pre-dryers to a fiber consistency of about 65% by weight.
  • the creping adhesive is an aqueous dispersion with the actives consisting of about 22% polyvinyl alcohol, about 11% CREPETROL A3025, and about 67% CREPETROL R6390.
  • CREPETROL A3025 and CREPETROL R6390 are commercially available from Hercules Incorporated of Wilmington, Del.
  • the creping adhesive is delivered to the Yankee surface at a rate of about 0.15% adhesive solids based on the dry weight of the web.
  • the fiber consistency is increased to about 97% before the web is dry creped from the Yankee with a doctor blade.
  • the doctor blade has a bevel angle of about 25 degrees and is positioned with respect to the Yankee dryer to provide an impact angle of about 81 degrees.
  • the Yankee dryer is operated at a temperature of about 350°F and a speed of about 800 fpm.
  • the fibrous structure is wound in a roll using a surface driven reel drum having a surface speed of about 656 feet per minute.
  • the fibrous structure may be subsequently converted into a two-ply sanitary tissue product having a basis weight of about 50 lbs/3000ft 2 .
  • Basis weight of a fibrous structure is measured on stacks of twelve usable units using a top loading analytical balance with a resolution of + 0.001 g.
  • the balance is protected from air drafts and other disturbances using a draft shield.
  • the Basis Weight is calculated in lbs/3000 ft 2 or g/m 2 as follows:
  • Basis Weight (Mass of stack) / [(Area of 1 square in stack) x (No. of squares in stack)]
  • Basis Weight (lbs/3000 ft 2 ) [[Mass of stack (g) / 453.6 (g/lbs)] / [12.25 (in 2 ) / 144 (in 2 /ft 2 ) x 12]] x 3000
  • Basis Weight (g/m 2 ) Mass of stack (g) / [79.032 (cm 2 ) / 10,000 (cmV) x 12] Report result to the nearest 0.1 lbs/3000 ft 2 or 0.1 g/m 2 .
  • Sample dimensions can be changed or varied using a similar precision cutter as mentioned above, so as at least 100 square inches of sample area in stack.
  • Sample Weight mg of dry fiber in the 50 ml sample (can leave blank if NOT measuring for coarseness). This is the number calculated in #10 of Sample Prep below.
  • the final count of measured fibers should be at least 10,000
  • Fibers/sec this number must stay below 70 fibers/sec or the sample will automatically be diluted. If the sample is diluted during an analysis, the coarseness value will be invalid and will need to be discarded.
  • a bar indicating the measurement status of a sample appears on the computer monitor.
  • This step can be skipped if coarseness measurement is not required.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des structures contenant une fibre de pâte de feuillus, plus particulièrement des structures fibreuses contenant une fibre de pâte d'eucalyptus, qui peuvent avoir de plus grandes extrémités de fibre libres, ce qui fournit généralement une meilleure sensation tactile aux consommateurs, une densification de fibre améliorée et/ou une douceur améliorée comparées aux structures fibreuses contenant une fibre de pâte de feuillus connues.
PCT/US2013/021788 2012-01-19 2013-01-17 Structures fibreuses contenant de la fibre de pâte de feuillus et leurs procédés de fabrication WO2013109659A1 (fr)

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EP2837638A1 (fr) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-18 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Procédé de production d'éther de cellulose soluble dans l'eau ayant un faible degré de polymérisation et procédé de production de composition de revêtement de film comprenant ladite solution
KR20150020072A (ko) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-25 신에쓰 가가꾸 고교 가부시끼가이샤 저중합도 수용성 셀룰로오스에테르의 제조 방법 및 이것을 포함하는 필름 코팅용 조성물의 제조 방법
US9926385B2 (en) 2013-08-12 2018-03-27 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Method for producing water-soluble cellulose ether having low degree of polymerization and method for producing film coating composition comprising same
KR102140499B1 (ko) 2013-08-12 2020-08-03 신에쓰 가가꾸 고교 가부시끼가이샤 저중합도 수용성 셀룰로오스에테르의 제조 방법 및 이것을 포함하는 필름 코팅용 조성물의 제조 방법

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