WO2013108076A1 - Power management for optical image stabilizers - Google Patents

Power management for optical image stabilizers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013108076A1
WO2013108076A1 PCT/IB2012/050223 IB2012050223W WO2013108076A1 WO 2013108076 A1 WO2013108076 A1 WO 2013108076A1 IB 2012050223 W IB2012050223 W IB 2012050223W WO 2013108076 A1 WO2013108076 A1 WO 2013108076A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical image
image stabilizer
exposure time
optical
computer program
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/050223
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Samu Koskinen
Eero Tuulos
Original Assignee
Nokia Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Corporation filed Critical Nokia Corporation
Priority to PCT/IB2012/050223 priority Critical patent/WO2013108076A1/en
Publication of WO2013108076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013108076A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
    • G02B27/646—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for small deviations, e.g. due to vibration or shake
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
    • H04N23/687—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation by shifting the lens or sensor position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0007—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to power management. In particular, they relate to power management of an optical image stabilizer.
  • An optical image stabilizer of a camera compensates for movement of the camera (for example, due to user handshake) by changing the optical path to an image sensor in the camera.
  • Optical image stabilization may, for example, be performed by moving one or more lenses that convey light to the image sensor, and/or by moving the image sensor.
  • the use of optical image stabilization can require a reasonable amount of power, in particular if optical image stabilization is used when a camera is in viewfinder mode or video capture mode.
  • a method comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • an apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • a method comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, an optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
  • a method comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and controlling a maximum range of movement of an optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an apparatus
  • Fig. 2A illustrates a first example of a further apparatus
  • Fig. 2B illustrates a second example of the further apparatus
  • Fig. 2C illustrates a third example of the further apparatus
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a first method
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a graph showing maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle versus exposure time/light level
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a flow chart of a second method.
  • Embodiments of the invention relate to managing the amount of power consumed by an optical image stabilizer. This is done by determining an exposure time and controlling the operation of the optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • the Figures illustrate an apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c, comprising: at least one processor 12; and at least one memory 14 storing a computer program 16 comprising computer program instructions 18 configured, working with the at least one processor 12, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer 15 functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic of an apparatus 10 comprising at least one processor 12 and at least one memory 14.
  • the apparatus 10 may, for example, be a chip or a chipset.
  • a single processor 12 and a single memory 14 are illustrated in Fig. 1 , in some implementations of the invention more than one processor 12 and/or more than one memory 14 is provided.
  • the processor 12 is configured to read from and write to the memory 14.
  • the processor 12 may also comprise an output interface via which data and/or commands are output by the processor 12 and an input interface via which data and/or commands are input to the processor 12.
  • memory 14 is illustrated as a single component it may be implemented as one or more separate components some or all of which may be integrated/removable and/or may provide permanent/semipermanent/dynamic/cached storage.
  • the memory 14 stores computer program instructions 18 that control the operation of the apparatus 10 when loaded into the processor 12.
  • the computer program instructions 18 provide the logic and routines that enables the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c to perform the methods illustrated in Figs 3 and 5.
  • the processor 12, by reading the memory 14, is able to load and execute the computer program instructions 18.
  • the computer program instructions 18 may arrive at the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c via any suitable delivery mechanism 30.
  • the delivery mechanism 30 may be, for example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a memory device, a record medium such as a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or digital versatile disc (DVD), and/or an article of manufacture that tangibly embodies the computer program instructions 18.
  • the delivery mechanism 30 may be a signal configured to reliably transfer the computer program instructions 18.
  • the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c may propagate or transmit the computer program instructions 18 as a computer data signal.
  • Fig. 2A illustrates a schematic of a further apparatus 20a.
  • the apparatus 20a may, for example, be a camera.
  • the apparatus 20a may be hand portable and may have further functionality.
  • the apparatus 20a may be configured to operate as a mobile telephone, a tablet computer, a games console and/or a portable music player.
  • the apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2A comprises an optical image stabilizer 15 and the apparatus 10 illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the elements 12, 14 and 15 are operationally coupled and any number or combination of intervening elements can exist (including no intervening elements).
  • the elements 12, 14 and 15 may be co-located within a housing.
  • the apparatus 20a comprises an aperture via which light enters the apparatus 20a.
  • An optical arrangement conveys the light towards an image sensor, which converts incident light into an electronic signal.
  • the processor 12 is configured to read electronic signals from the image sensor and store them as image data in the memory 14.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 is configured, under the control of the processor 12, to vary the optical path of the light between the optical arrangement and the image sensor. This may be done, for example, by moving at least a portion of the optical arrangement and/or by moving the image sensor.
  • the optical arrangement comprises one or more optical elements, such as one or more lenses and one or more mirrors. In some embodiments, the optical arrangement is merely a single lens.
  • the image sensor may, for example, be a charge coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor or any other type of image sensor.
  • CCD charge coupled device
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the apparatus 20a may comprise one or more motion sensors, such as one or more accelerometers and/or one or gyroscopes.
  • the one or more motion sensors may provide inputs to the processor 12 that are indicative of the motion of the apparatus 20a (for example, during still image or video image capture).
  • the processor 12 may be configured to use inputs from the motion sensor(s) to determine how to control the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, during image capture).
  • Fig. 2B illustrates an example of the apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2A, in which optical image stabilization is performed by moving at least a portion of the optical arrangement.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 comprises the optical arrangement 19 that conveys light to the image sensor 17.
  • the arrow labeled with the reference number 1 1 in Fig. 2B schematically illustrates light entering the apparatus 20b via an aperture 9.
  • the arrow labeled with the reference number 13 schematically illustrates light being conveyed from the optical arrangement 19 of the optical image stabilizer 15 to the image sensor 17.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 in Fig. 2B comprises one or more actuators that are configured, under the control of the processor 12, to change the position of at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 in order to change the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17.
  • the one or more actuators are or comprise one or more electromagnetic actuators and/or one or more piezoelectric actuators.
  • the one or more actuators of the optical image stabilizer 15 may be configured, when unpowered, to bring at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 (such as a lens) to a default position and hold it in that position.
  • the one or more actuators may be biased to bring the at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 back to its default position when it is moved away from its default position.
  • Power may be supplied to the one or more actuators to cause the at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 to be held more firmly in its default position, or to cause it to move away from its default position.
  • Fig. 2C illustrates an example of the apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2B, in which the optical image stabilization is performed by moving the image sensor 17.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 comprises the image sensor 17.
  • the arrow labeled with the reference number 1 1 in Fig. 2C schematically illustrates light entering the apparatus 20c via an aperture 9.
  • the arrow labeled with the reference number 13 schematically illustrates light being conveyed from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17 of the optical image stabilizer 15.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 in Fig. 2C comprises one or more actuators that are configured, under the control of the processor 12, to change the position of the image sensor 17 in order to change the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17.
  • the one or more actuators are or comprise one or more electromagnetic actuators and/or one or more piezoelectric actuators.
  • the one or more actuators of the optical image stabilizer 15 may be configured, when unpowered, to bring the image sensor 17 to a default position and hold it in that position.
  • the one or more actuators may be biased to bring the image sensor 17 back to its default position when it is moved away from its default position.
  • Power may be supplied to the one or more actuators to cause the image sensor 17 to be held more firmly in its default position, or to cause it to move away from its default position.
  • the exposure time/shutter speed is the amount of time that the image sensor 17 is exposed for when capturing a still image (or a frame of a video image). Typically the exposure time is directly proportional to the amount of light detected by the image sensor 17 during image capture.
  • the processor 12 determines an exposure time for image capture.
  • the exposure time may be determined automatically.
  • the processor 12 may use one or more light sensors to determine the light level and may automatically determine the exposure time based on inputs from the one or more light sensors.
  • the exposure time may be user defined. In these instances, the processor 12 may determine the exposure time by reading a stored value from the memory 14.
  • the processor 12 sets how the optical image stabilizer 15 functions, when powered, in dependence upon the exposure time determined in block 301 .
  • the processor 12 may control the maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer 15 (such as the maximum correction angle) in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
  • power is saved by controlling the extent to which the optical image stabilizer 15 can move, because typically the greater the extent of the movement, the more power that is required in operation. This is the case, for example, in the biased configurations of the optical image stabilizer 15 described above, where the force required to overcome the biasing becomes greater as the image sensor 17/optical arrangement 19 moves away from its default position.
  • the processor 12 may determine whether the exposure time exceeds a threshold value. If the exposure time exceeds the threshold value, the processor 12 may control the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in a first powered mode. If the exposure time does not exceed the threshold value, the processor 12 may control the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in a second powered mode.
  • the first powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which the optical image stabilizer 15 is configured to adjust the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17, by moving at least one of: the image sensor 17, and at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19, as discussed above.
  • the second powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which power is supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, the image sensor 17 or at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 such as a lens) in a particular position.
  • the at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 is biased to a default position
  • in the second powered mode power is supplied to hold it more firmly in the default position. This helps to mitigate lens/image sensor 17 movement caused by user handshake when capturing an image.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 may therefore be configured, when the in second powered mode, to maintain a particular optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17.
  • the optical image stabilizer 15 may consume more power when in the first powered mode than when in the second powered mode.
  • the processor 12 controls the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the lower power second mode when optical image stabilization is less likely to be required (that is, at lower exposure times).
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a line 60 showing how the maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle varies with the exposure time.
  • the "maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle" is the maximum angle about which the (or an aspect of) the optical image stabilizer 15 may be moved to change the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17.
  • the processor 12 determines an exposure time for image capture, as in block 301 of Fig. 3.
  • a block 502 the processor 12 determines whether the exposure time exceeds a first threshold value t- ⁇ (see Fig. 4). If the processor 12 determines that the exposure time does not exceed the first threshold value ti, at block 503 of Fig. 5 it causes power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15.
  • this saves power, and the short exposure time means that image stabilization is unlikely to be required to capture an image of an appropriate quality.
  • the processor 12 determines that the exposure time determined in block 501 of Fig. 5 exceeds the first threshold value t- ⁇ , it further determines whether the exposure time exceeds a second threshold value t 2 in block 504 of Fig. 5. If the exposure time exceeds the second threshold value t 2 , the processor 12 causes the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the first powered mode (discussed above in relation to Fig. 3). If the exposure time does not exceed the second threshold value t 2 , the processor 12 causes the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the second powered mode (also discussed above in relation to Fig. 3)
  • the processor 12 controls the maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer 15 in dependence upon the determined exposure time. It can be seen from the shape of the line 60 in Fig. 4 that the maximum correction angle (and therefore the maximum extent to which the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17 is adjustable) is set by the processor 12 depending upon the determined exposure time. In this example, the maximum correction angle is directly proportional to the exposure time when the optical image stabilizer 15 is in the first powered mode, although that may not be the case in other embodiments of the invention.
  • the second powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which power is supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, the image sensor 17 or at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 such as a lens) in a particular position. Consequently, the maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle for the second powered mode is substantially zero.
  • the processor 12 does not restrain the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15.
  • the processor 12 saves power by causing power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15, therefore disabling the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15. If the exposure time is determined to exceed the first threshold value t- ⁇ but not the second threshold value t 2 , the processor 12 uses the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 and/or the image sensor 17 in (its default) position. The functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15 is restricted because it does not adjust the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17 under the control of the processor 12.
  • the processor 12 If the exposure time is determined to exceed the second threshold value t 2 but not the third threshold value t 3 , the processor 12 enables the optical image stabilizer 15 to adjust the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17, but it restricts the extent to which the optical image stabilizer 15 may do so in order save power. If the exposure time is determined to exceed the third threshold value t 3 , no such restriction is placed on the optical image stabilizer 15 by the processor 12.
  • Embodiments of the invention are intended to strike an appropriate balance between enabling an optical image stabilizer 15 to perform optical image stabilization to the extent to which it is likely to be needed, and saving power. This is achieved by determining an exposure time for image capture and setting the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15 accordingly.
  • references to 'computer-readable storage medium', 'computer program product', 'tangibly embodied computer program' etc. or a 'controller', 'computer', 'processor' etc. should be understood to encompass not only computers having different architectures such as single/multi-processor architectures and sequential (Von Neumann)/parallel architectures but also specialized circuits such as field- programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application specific circuits (ASIC), signal processing devices and other processing circuitry.
  • References to computer program, instructions, code etc. should be understood to encompass software for a programmable processor or firmware such as, for example, the programmable content of a hardware device whether instructions for a processor, or configuration settings for a fixed-function device, gate array or programmable logic device etc.
  • the blocks illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5 may represent steps in a method and/or sections of code in the computer program 16.
  • the illustration of a particular order to the blocks does not necessarily imply that there is a required or preferred order for the blocks and the order and arrangement of the block may be varied. Furthermore, it may be possible for some blocks to be omitted.
  • optical image stabilization may be performed by moving both the image sensor 17 and at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19.
  • the processor 12 may determine an amount of movement of the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c and set one or more of the threshold values ti, t 2 , t 3 based on the determined amount of movement.
  • the processor 12 may, for instance, determine the amount of movement using one or more motion sensors and/or by comparing consecutive images captured by the image sensor 17.
  • the amount of movement that is determined by the processor 12 is likely to be larger when the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c is hand held than when, for example, a tripod is used.
  • the processor 12 may be configured such that each of the threshold values t-i, t 2 , t 3 is set at a lower exposure level when the determined amount of movement is higher, as compared to when it is lower.
  • the threshold values t- ⁇ , t 2 , t 3 may be set such that the optical image stabilizer 15 tends to be powered/used more frequently (and/or to a greater extent) when the apparatus 20a/20b/20c is hand held than when a tripod is used.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

Methods, apparatus and computer programs are provided. A method comprises: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.

Description

POWER MANAGEMENT FOR OPTICAL IMAGE STABILIZERS TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD
Embodiments of the present invention relate to power management. In particular, they relate to power management of an optical image stabilizer.
BACKGROUND
An optical image stabilizer of a camera compensates for movement of the camera (for example, due to user handshake) by changing the optical path to an image sensor in the camera.
Optical image stabilization may, for example, be performed by moving one or more lenses that convey light to the image sensor, and/or by moving the image sensor. The use of optical image stabilization can require a reasonable amount of power, in particular if optical image stabilization is used when a camera is in viewfinder mode or video capture mode.
BRIEF SUMMARY
According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments of the invention there is provided a method, comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments of the invention there is provided an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time. According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments of the invention there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments of the invention there is provided a method, comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, an optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments of the invention there is provided a method, comprising: determining an exposure time for image capture; and controlling a maximum range of movement of an optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
For a better understanding of various examples of embodiments of the present invention reference will now be made by way of example only to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 illustrates an apparatus;
Fig. 2A illustrates a first example of a further apparatus;
Fig. 2B illustrates a second example of the further apparatus;
Fig. 2C illustrates a third example of the further apparatus;
Fig. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a first method;
Fig. 4 illustrates a graph showing maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle versus exposure time/light level;
Fig. 5 illustrates a flow chart of a second method.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiments of the invention relate to managing the amount of power consumed by an optical image stabilizer. This is done by determining an exposure time and controlling the operation of the optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
The Figures illustrate an apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c, comprising: at least one processor 12; and at least one memory 14 storing a computer program 16 comprising computer program instructions 18 configured, working with the at least one processor 12, to cause at least the following to be performed: determining an exposure time for image capture; and setting how an optical image stabilizer 15 functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic of an apparatus 10 comprising at least one processor 12 and at least one memory 14. The apparatus 10 may, for example, be a chip or a chipset. Although a single processor 12 and a single memory 14 are illustrated in Fig. 1 , in some implementations of the invention more than one processor 12 and/or more than one memory 14 is provided.
The processor 12 is configured to read from and write to the memory 14. The processor 12 may also comprise an output interface via which data and/or commands are output by the processor 12 and an input interface via which data and/or commands are input to the processor 12.
Although the memory 14 is illustrated as a single component it may be implemented as one or more separate components some or all of which may be integrated/removable and/or may provide permanent/semipermanent/dynamic/cached storage.
The memory 14 stores computer program instructions 18 that control the operation of the apparatus 10 when loaded into the processor 12. The computer program instructions 18 provide the logic and routines that enables the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c to perform the methods illustrated in Figs 3 and 5. The processor 12, by reading the memory 14, is able to load and execute the computer program instructions 18. The computer program instructions 18 may arrive at the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c via any suitable delivery mechanism 30. The delivery mechanism 30 may be, for example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a memory device, a record medium such as a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or digital versatile disc (DVD), and/or an article of manufacture that tangibly embodies the computer program instructions 18. The delivery mechanism 30 may be a signal configured to reliably transfer the computer program instructions 18. The apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c may propagate or transmit the computer program instructions 18 as a computer data signal.
Fig. 2A illustrates a schematic of a further apparatus 20a. The apparatus 20a may, for example, be a camera. In some embodiments of the invention, the apparatus 20a may be hand portable and may have further functionality. For example, the apparatus 20a may be configured to operate as a mobile telephone, a tablet computer, a games console and/or a portable music player.
The apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2A comprises an optical image stabilizer 15 and the apparatus 10 illustrated in Fig. 1 . The elements 12, 14 and 15 are operationally coupled and any number or combination of intervening elements can exist (including no intervening elements). The elements 12, 14 and 15 may be co-located within a housing.
The apparatus 20a comprises an aperture via which light enters the apparatus 20a. An optical arrangement conveys the light towards an image sensor, which converts incident light into an electronic signal. The processor 12 is configured to read electronic signals from the image sensor and store them as image data in the memory 14.
The optical image stabilizer 15 is configured, under the control of the processor 12, to vary the optical path of the light between the optical arrangement and the image sensor. This may be done, for example, by moving at least a portion of the optical arrangement and/or by moving the image sensor. The optical arrangement comprises one or more optical elements, such as one or more lenses and one or more mirrors. In some embodiments, the optical arrangement is merely a single lens. The image sensor may, for example, be a charge coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor or any other type of image sensor.
The apparatus 20a may comprise one or more motion sensors, such as one or more accelerometers and/or one or gyroscopes. The one or more motion sensors may provide inputs to the processor 12 that are indicative of the motion of the apparatus 20a (for example, during still image or video image capture). The processor 12 may be configured to use inputs from the motion sensor(s) to determine how to control the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, during image capture).
Fig. 2B illustrates an example of the apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2A, in which optical image stabilization is performed by moving at least a portion of the optical arrangement. In this example, the optical image stabilizer 15 comprises the optical arrangement 19 that conveys light to the image sensor 17. The arrow labeled with the reference number 1 1 in Fig. 2B schematically illustrates light entering the apparatus 20b via an aperture 9. The arrow labeled with the reference number 13 schematically illustrates light being conveyed from the optical arrangement 19 of the optical image stabilizer 15 to the image sensor 17.
The optical image stabilizer 15 in Fig. 2B comprises one or more actuators that are configured, under the control of the processor 12, to change the position of at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 in order to change the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17. In some embodiments of the invention, the one or more actuators are or comprise one or more electromagnetic actuators and/or one or more piezoelectric actuators.
In the Fig. 2B embodiments of the invention, the one or more actuators of the optical image stabilizer 15 may be configured, when unpowered, to bring at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 (such as a lens) to a default position and hold it in that position. For example, the one or more actuators may be biased to bring the at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 back to its default position when it is moved away from its default position. Power may be supplied to the one or more actuators to cause the at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 to be held more firmly in its default position, or to cause it to move away from its default position.
Fig. 2C illustrates an example of the apparatus 20a illustrated in Fig. 2B, in which the optical image stabilization is performed by moving the image sensor 17. In this example, the optical image stabilizer 15 comprises the image sensor 17. The arrow labeled with the reference number 1 1 in Fig. 2C schematically illustrates light entering the apparatus 20c via an aperture 9. The arrow labeled with the reference number 13 schematically illustrates light being conveyed from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17 of the optical image stabilizer 15.
The optical image stabilizer 15 in Fig. 2C comprises one or more actuators that are configured, under the control of the processor 12, to change the position of the image sensor 17 in order to change the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17. In some embodiments of the invention, the one or more actuators are or comprise one or more electromagnetic actuators and/or one or more piezoelectric actuators.
In the Fig. 2C embodiments of the invention, the one or more actuators of the optical image stabilizer 15 may be configured, when unpowered, to bring the image sensor 17 to a default position and hold it in that position. For example, the one or more actuators may be biased to bring the image sensor 17 back to its default position when it is moved away from its default position. Power may be supplied to the one or more actuators to cause the image sensor 17 to be held more firmly in its default position, or to cause it to move away from its default position.
A method according to embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to Fig. 3. The exposure time/shutter speed is the amount of time that the image sensor 17 is exposed for when capturing a still image (or a frame of a video image). Typically the exposure time is directly proportional to the amount of light detected by the image sensor 17 during image capture.
At block 301 of Fig. 3, the processor 12 determines an exposure time for image capture. In some circumstances, the exposure time may be determined automatically. For instance, the processor 12 may use one or more light sensors to determine the light level and may automatically determine the exposure time based on inputs from the one or more light sensors. In other circumstances, the exposure time may be user defined. In these instances, the processor 12 may determine the exposure time by reading a stored value from the memory 14.
At block 302 of Fig. 3, the processor 12 sets how the optical image stabilizer 15 functions, when powered, in dependence upon the exposure time determined in block 301 .
For example, in block 302 the processor 12 may control the maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer 15 (such as the maximum correction angle) in dependence upon the determined exposure time. Advantageously, power is saved by controlling the extent to which the optical image stabilizer 15 can move, because typically the greater the extent of the movement, the more power that is required in operation. This is the case, for example, in the biased configurations of the optical image stabilizer 15 described above, where the force required to overcome the biasing becomes greater as the image sensor 17/optical arrangement 19 moves away from its default position.
Alternatively or additionally, in block 302 of Fig. 3 the processor 12 may determine whether the exposure time exceeds a threshold value. If the exposure time exceeds the threshold value, the processor 12 may control the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in a first powered mode. If the exposure time does not exceed the threshold value, the processor 12 may control the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in a second powered mode.
The first powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which the optical image stabilizer 15 is configured to adjust the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17, by moving at least one of: the image sensor 17, and at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19, as discussed above.
The second powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which power is supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, the image sensor 17 or at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 such as a lens) in a particular position. In embodiments where the at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 is biased to a default position, in the second powered mode power is supplied to hold it more firmly in the default position. This helps to mitigate lens/image sensor 17 movement caused by user handshake when capturing an image. The optical image stabilizer 15 may therefore be configured, when the in second powered mode, to maintain a particular optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17.
The optical image stabilizer 15 may consume more power when in the first powered mode than when in the second powered mode. Advantageously, in embodiments of the invention, the processor 12 controls the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the lower power second mode when optical image stabilization is less likely to be required (that is, at lower exposure times).
A second method according to embodiments of the invention will now be described in relation to Figs 4 and 5.
Fig. 4 illustrates a line 60 showing how the maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle varies with the exposure time. The "maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle" is the maximum angle about which the (or an aspect of) the optical image stabilizer 15 may be moved to change the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17.
At block 501 of Fig. 5, the processor 12 determines an exposure time for image capture, as in block 301 of Fig. 3. A block 502, the processor 12 determines whether the exposure time exceeds a first threshold value t-ι (see Fig. 4). If the processor 12 determines that the exposure time does not exceed the first threshold value ti, at block 503 of Fig. 5 it causes power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15. Advantageously this saves power, and the short exposure time means that image stabilization is unlikely to be required to capture an image of an appropriate quality.
If the processor 12 determines that the exposure time determined in block 501 of Fig. 5 exceeds the first threshold value t-ι, it further determines whether the exposure time exceeds a second threshold value t2 in block 504 of Fig. 5. If the exposure time exceeds the second threshold value t2, the processor 12 causes the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the first powered mode (discussed above in relation to Fig. 3). If the exposure time does not exceed the second threshold value t2, the processor 12 causes the optical image stabilizer 15 to operate in the second powered mode (also discussed above in relation to Fig. 3)
In the first powered mode, the processor 12 controls the maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer 15 in dependence upon the determined exposure time. It can be seen from the shape of the line 60 in Fig. 4 that the maximum correction angle (and therefore the maximum extent to which the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17 is adjustable) is set by the processor 12 depending upon the determined exposure time. In this example, the maximum correction angle is directly proportional to the exposure time when the optical image stabilizer 15 is in the first powered mode, although that may not be the case in other embodiments of the invention.
In this example the second powered mode may, for example, be a mode in which power is supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical image stabilizer 15 (for example, the image sensor 17 or at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 such as a lens) in a particular position. Consequently, the maximum optical image stabilizer correction angle for the second powered mode is substantially zero.
If the exposure time is determined to exceed a third threshold value t3, the processor 12 does not restrain the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15.
In summary, if the exposure time is determined not to exceed the first threshold value ti, the processor 12 saves power by causing power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer 15, therefore disabling the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15. If the exposure time is determined to exceed the first threshold value t-ι but not the second threshold value t2, the processor 12 uses the optical image stabilizer 15 to hold at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19 and/or the image sensor 17 in (its default) position. The functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15 is restricted because it does not adjust the optical path from the optical arrangement 19 to the image sensor 17 under the control of the processor 12. If the exposure time is determined to exceed the second threshold value t2 but not the third threshold value t3, the processor 12 enables the optical image stabilizer 15 to adjust the optical path between the optical arrangement 19 and the image sensor 17, but it restricts the extent to which the optical image stabilizer 15 may do so in order save power. If the exposure time is determined to exceed the third threshold value t3, no such restriction is placed on the optical image stabilizer 15 by the processor 12.
Embodiments of the invention are intended to strike an appropriate balance between enabling an optical image stabilizer 15 to perform optical image stabilization to the extent to which it is likely to be needed, and saving power. This is achieved by determining an exposure time for image capture and setting the functionality of the optical image stabilizer 15 accordingly.
References to 'computer-readable storage medium', 'computer program product', 'tangibly embodied computer program' etc. or a 'controller', 'computer', 'processor' etc. should be understood to encompass not only computers having different architectures such as single/multi-processor architectures and sequential (Von Neumann)/parallel architectures but also specialized circuits such as field- programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application specific circuits (ASIC), signal processing devices and other processing circuitry. References to computer program, instructions, code etc. should be understood to encompass software for a programmable processor or firmware such as, for example, the programmable content of a hardware device whether instructions for a processor, or configuration settings for a fixed-function device, gate array or programmable logic device etc.
The blocks illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5 may represent steps in a method and/or sections of code in the computer program 16. The illustration of a particular order to the blocks does not necessarily imply that there is a required or preferred order for the blocks and the order and arrangement of the block may be varied. Furthermore, it may be possible for some blocks to be omitted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in the preceding paragraphs with reference to various examples, it should be appreciated that modifications to the examples given can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, optical image stabilization may be performed by moving both the image sensor 17 and at least a portion of the optical arrangement 19.
In some implementations, the processor 12 may determine an amount of movement of the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c and set one or more of the threshold values ti, t2, t3 based on the determined amount of movement. The processor 12 may, for instance, determine the amount of movement using one or more motion sensors and/or by comparing consecutive images captured by the image sensor 17.
The amount of movement that is determined by the processor 12 is likely to be larger when the apparatus 10/20a/20b/20c is hand held than when, for example, a tripod is used. The processor 12 may be configured such that each of the threshold values t-i, t2, t3 is set at a lower exposure level when the determined amount of movement is higher, as compared to when it is lower. For example, the threshold values t-ι, t2, t3 may be set such that the optical image stabilizer 15 tends to be powered/used more frequently (and/or to a greater extent) when the apparatus 20a/20b/20c is hand held than when a tripod is used.
Features described in the preceding description may be used in combinations other than the combinations explicitly described.
Although functions have been described with reference to certain features, those functions may be performable by other features whether described or not.
Although features have been described with reference to certain embodiments, those features may also be present in other embodiments whether described or not.
Whilst endeavoring in the foregoing specification to draw attention to those features of the invention believed to be of particular importance it should be understood that the Applicant claims protection in respect of any patentable feature or combination of features hereinbefore referred to and/or shown in the drawings whether or not particular emphasis has been placed thereon.
I/we claim:

Claims

1 . A method, comprising:
determining an exposure time for image capture; and
setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
controlling a maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the optical image stabilizer is configured, when operating in the first powered mode, to adjust an optical path to an image sensor.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the optical image stabilizer is configured to adjust the optical path to the image sensor by moving at least one of: the image sensor; and at least a portion of an optical arrangement that conveys light to the image sensor.
6. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the first powered mode, the extent to which the optical path is adjustable by the optical image stabilizer is controlled in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein controlling the extent to which the optical path is adjustable comprises controlling a maximum correction angle of the optical image stabilizer.
8. A method as claimed in any of claims 3 to 7, wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the second powered mode, the optical image stabilizer is configured to mitigate movement of at least one of: a portion of an optical arrangement and an image sensor, caused by user handshake.
9. A method as claimed in any of claims 3 to 8, wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the second powered mode, the optical image stabilizer is controlled to maintain a particular optical path from an optical arrangement to an image sensor.
10. A method as claimed in any of claims 3 to 9, wherein the optical image stabilizer consumes more power when operating in the first powered mode than when operating in the second powered mode.
1 1 . A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising: causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed a particular value, power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer.
12. A computer program comprising computer program instructions that, when performed by at least one processor, cause the method as claimed in any of the preceding claims to be performed.
13. An apparatus comprising means for performing the method as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 1 1 .
14. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and
at least one memory storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed:
determining an exposure time for image capture; and
setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
controlling a maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14 or 15, wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the optical image stabilizer is configured, when operating in the first powered mode, to adjust an optical path to an image sensor.
18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the optical image stabilizer is configured to adjust the optical path to the image sensor by moving at least one of: the image sensor; and at least a portion of an optical arrangement that conveys light to the image sensor.
19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 17 or 18, wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the first powered mode, the extent to which the optical path is adjustable by the optical image stabilizer is controlled in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 19, wherein controlling the extent to which the optical path is adjustable comprises controlling a maximum correction angle of the optical image stabilizer.
21 . An apparatus as claimed in any of claims 16 to 20, wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the second powered mode, the optical image stabilizer is configured to mitigate movement of at least one of: a portion of an optical arrangement and an image sensor, caused by user handshake.
22. An apparatus as claimed in any of claims 16 to 21 , wherein when the optical image stabilizer is operating in the second powered mode, the optical image stabilizer is controlled to maintain a particular optical path from an optical arrangement to an image sensor.
23. An apparatus as claimed in any of claims 16 to 22, wherein the optical image stabilizer consumes more power when operating in the first powered mode than when operating in the second powered mode.
24. An apparatus as claimed in any of claims 16 to 23, wherein the computer program instructions are configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause: determining an amount of movement of the apparatus; and setting the threshold value in dependence upon the determined amount of movement.
25. An apparatus as claimed in any of claims 14 to 24, wherein the computer program instructions are configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause the following to be performed: causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed a particular value, power not to be supplied to the optical image stabilizer.
26. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with at least one processor, to cause at least the following to be performed:
determining an exposure time for image capture; and
setting how an optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
27. A non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 26, wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
controlling a maximum range of movement of the optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
28. A non-transitory computer readable medium as claimed in claim 26 or 27, wherein setting how the optical image stabilizer functions, when powered, in dependence upon the determined exposure time comprises:
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
29. A method, comprising:
determining an exposure time for image capture; and
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time exceeds a threshold value, an optical image stabilizer to operate in a first powered mode; and
causing, in response to determining that the exposure time fails to exceed the threshold value, the optical image stabilizer to operate in a second powered mode different from the first powered mode.
30. A computer program comprising computer program instructions that, when performed by at least one processor, cause the method as claimed in claim 29 to be performed.
31 . A non-transitory computer readable medium storing the computer program as claimed in claim 30.
32. An apparatus comprising means for performing the method as claimed in claim 29.
33. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause at least the method as claimed in claim 29 to be performed.
34. A method, comprising:
determining an exposure time for image capture; and
controlling a maximum range of movement of an optical image stabilizer in dependence upon the determined exposure time.
35. A computer program comprising computer program instructions that, when performed by at least one processor, cause the method as claimed in claim 34 to be performed.
36. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing the computer program as claimed in claim 35.
37. An apparatus comprising means for performing the method as claimed in claim 34.
38. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and
at least one memory storing a computer program comprising computer program instructions configured, working with the at least one processor, to cause at least the method as claimed in claim 34 to be performed.
PCT/IB2012/050223 2012-01-17 2012-01-17 Power management for optical image stabilizers WO2013108076A1 (en)

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