WO2013105825A4 - 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치 - Google Patents
이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013105825A4 WO2013105825A4 PCT/KR2013/000261 KR2013000261W WO2013105825A4 WO 2013105825 A4 WO2013105825 A4 WO 2013105825A4 KR 2013000261 W KR2013000261 W KR 2013000261W WO 2013105825 A4 WO2013105825 A4 WO 2013105825A4
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- battery
- relay
- terminal
- secondary battery
- terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging / discharging switching device for a power supply using a secondary battery, and more particularly, The present invention relates to a charging / discharging switching device for a power supply device using a secondary battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of a secondary battery by charging the secondary battery.
- a secondary battery is a rechargeable battery that can be reused after recharging when connected to a power source after use, unlike a primary battery that is not used once.
- a secondary storage battery functions as a battery through a charging cycle that converts electrical energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into chemical energy.
- sulfate and SO 4 are combined with the electrode plate to generate water to lower specific gravity, and when the battery is recharged, the combined sulfate returns to the electrolyte solution to increase the specific gravity.
- Second storage battery Pb (s) + Pbo 2 (s) + 2HSO 4 - + 2H + - > 2PbSO 4 (s) + 2H 2 O
- the two electrode reactions produce insoluble PbSO 4 , which is attached to both electrodes.
- the state of charge of the battery can be determined by measuring the density of the electrolytic solution, and when the secondary storage battery is recharged The electrode reaction becomes the adverse reaction of the reaction.
- the sulphate sticking to the two electrodes during discharging may not be removed during charging, but may stick to the sulphate. .
- power supply is constructed by connecting two lead acid batteries of DC12V and 100A output in parallel, and a 300W inverter (Model SI-1000A) This is the result of checking the voltage of the lead accumulator battery and the voltage of the inverter in 10-minute increments when the incandescent bulb load is connected and discharged continuously.
- the number of times the secondary battery is used for charging and discharging is limited.
- the battery is limited to 300 cycles.
- the secondary battery can not be used absolutely during charging due to the characteristics of the secondary storage battery.
- the battery can not be used for about 1.5 hours at normal discharge but it takes about 10 hours to charge the battery. Therefore, in case of a stand to be continuously discharged at night, several batteries must be charged beforehand, There were many inconveniences economically.
- the prior art provides a system and method for managing battery power usage, wherein a first battery provides power to an external load while providing power to recharge a second battery.
- the switching system and method cause the first and second batteries to change their duties. That is, at a designated time, the second battery may also begin to provide power to the external load while providing power to charge the first battery.
- the switching system and method cause the first battery and the second battery to change their mission without interrupting the delivery of power to an external load.
- the first battery 1 is switched on the exchanger plates 25 and 33 and the second battery 2 is switched on the exchanger plates 26 and 34.
- the first embodiment So that power is supplied to the load through the inverter 45 alternately while being used in the discharge mode and the charge mode, respectively.
- the embodiment shows the use of a mechanical exchanger switch 65 of a generator 100 including two batteries 1 and 2, .
- the embodiment is an electric generator 100 capable of providing a typical home or other independent environment of 2000 to 6000 watts over an extended period of time.
- the first battery 1 is coupled to an exchanger switch 65 and provides a direct current for use as a power source.
- the terminals of the first battery 1 are coupled to the plates 46 and 49 on the first lower exchanger plate 34.
- a direct current is supplied to the plates 27 and 28 and the inverter 45.
- the inverter 45 converts a direct current from the battery 1 into an alternating current supplied to the breaker 37 and a power external load (not shown).
- the alternating current from the inverter 45 is supplied to the converter box 36 and used to operate the gear motor 35.
- the gear motor 35 drives the movement of the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26.
- the gear motor 35 is coupled to two solenoids 53 and 54 for moving the plates in respective directions.
- the two solenoids 53 and 54 are coupled to two mechanical switches 51 and 52 which change the direction of movement of the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26.
- the mechanical exchanger switch 65 operates in a timing sequence. In other words, when the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26 are moved to the right by the gear motor 35, they cause the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26 to move in the opposite direction (left in FIG. 1) The switch 51 will be operated.
- the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26 will continue to move to the left until the plates actuate the switch 52 and then start moving again to the right.
- the speed at which the upper exchanger plates 25 and 26 slide sideways controls the frequency with which the first battery 1 switches from the power supply mode to the recharge mode.
- the first upper exchanger plate 26 is in the left position, the second battery 2 provides power and the first battery 1 is in the recharging mode.
- the exchanger switch may be set to change between two or more batteries so that a single battery is not quickly drained. When one battery starts to lose power, the exchange switch starts to draw power from the other battery. Other batteries can provide the recharge current to the weakest battery.
- An exchange switch can support switching between two or more batteries. Switching switch implementations in power supply systems increase the service life of batteries as a result of efficient use of battery power.
- the (+) terminal of the second battery is connected to the plate 8, and at the same time is connected to the plate 33, which is again connected to the terminal 13 of the plate 9, and the (-) terminal of the second battery is connected to And at the same time, it is connected to the No. 30 terminal of the No. 25 plate.
- the (+) terminal of the first battery is connected to the plate 7
- the (-) terminal of the second battery is connected to the plate 33 at the same time, And is connected to the plate 34 at the same time.
- the (+) terminal of the second battery contacts the (-) terminal of the first battery at the 13th terminal instantaneously, Surge currents and sparks occur, which causes battery explosion. And this is a fatal problem that can not be avoided when a strong current of about 100A is interrupted even if the switching time is good.
- FIGS. 2 and 3A are the second and third embodiments of the prior art, and in the description of the embodiment, they are silent with respect to the switching terminals at all, and there is no detailed description thereof.
- FIG. 3B is a flowchart of the operation of the switch of the third embodiment of the above-described prior art, and is also referred to as switching switching when detecting the voltage drop of the dedicated battery. There is no answer to the fatal problem, and this problem is actually an issue in switching the strong DC current.
- the present invention has been conceived to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a secondary battery having two or more secondary batteries, in which most of the output is supplied to the load while the remaining output is used for charging another secondary battery And an object thereof is to provide a charging / discharging switching device for a power supply device using a safe secondary battery which can improve the energy efficiency of the battery and thereby increase the time (discharge time) during which the secondary battery can be used with one full charge.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a rechargeable battery which has two or more secondary batteries and uses one secondary battery to supply power to the load while the remaining output is used for charging another secondary battery, Of the secondary battery using the secondary battery as a power source of the load to safely replenish and store energy without overloading, device breakage, or explosion.
- an apparatus for switching charge / discharge of a power supply apparatus using a secondary battery comprising: at least one secondary battery of at least two secondary batteries capable of being charged / DC output voltage is transferred to the load via the inverter, and at another point of time, the discharge of the secondary battery in the discharge mode is stopped and the charging mode is entered through the charger, and the other secondary batteries are switched to the discharge mode,
- a device switching device comprising: a relay (11, 12) connected to a terminal of the other polarity of each secondary battery separately; A charger connecting plate (13) commonly connected to each first fixed terminal of the relay; And an inverter connection plate (14) commonly connected to each second fixed terminal of the relay; Wherein the movable terminal of each relay is connected to the terminal of the other polarity of the corresponding secondary battery
- the (+) terminals of the DC terminals are mutually fixedly connected, and the (-) terminals are respectively switched to switch between charging and discharging modes.
- the number of the relays is two, and the number of the first battery 1 and the number of the second battery 2 of the secondary battery is two.
- the secondary battery further includes battery connection plates (15, 16) connected to terminals of the other polarity of the secondary batteries, wherein the movable terminals of the respective relays are connected to the battery connection plates (15, 16) .
- the movable terminal control means (114, 124) is a solenoid which receives a control signal for controlling the switching operation of the relay from the control section.
- control unit comprises: a battery power input unit 210 to which the power of the secondary battery is input; A processing unit 240 for detecting the magnitude of the secondary battery voltage input from the battery power input unit 210 and outputting a relay control signal; A relay control signal output unit 250 for outputting a control signal for controlling the operation of the relay unit from the processing unit 240 to the relay unit; And a control unit.
- the relays are provided on the respective plates 110b and 120b as bases provided on the base 10a, and non-conductive supports 110c and 120c are provided on the front surfaces of the respective plates,
- the charger connection plate 13 and the inverter connection plate 14 are fixed across the charger connection plate 13 and the inverter connection plate 14 on the supports of the respective relays, And the charger connection plate 13 is electrically connected to the first fixed terminal 111 of the first relay 11 and the first fixed terminal 121 of the second relay 12,
- the connecting plate 14 is characterized in that the second fixed terminal 112 of the first relay 11 and the second fixed terminal 122 of the second relay 12 are electrically connected.
- a secondary battery comprising two or more secondary batteries, one of which is used to supply power to a load, while the remaining output is safely used for charging another secondary battery, Thereby increasing the time (discharge time) during which the secondary battery can be used as a full charge.
- FIG. 1 shows a generator with two batteries and an exchanger switch according to a first embodiment of the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an electronic exchanger switch according to a second embodiment of the prior art
- Figure 3a is a schematic diagram showing a generator with three batteries and exchanger switches according to a third embodiment of the prior art
- 3B is a logic flow diagram illustrating a method for operating an exchange switch in accordance with a third embodiment of the prior art
- FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a power supply device according to the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a front perspective photograph of the relay of Figure 1;
- Figure 6 is a photograph of a rear sagittal view of the relay of Figure 1;
- Figure 7 is a side view of the relay of Figure 1;
- Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the relay of Figure 1;
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the control unit of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the control unit of FIG.
- 11A is a photograph of the actual operation in a state in which the charging degree of the battery 2 is being displayed as the appearance of the battery 1 of the power supply device of the present invention in a discharged state.
- 11B is a photograph of the actual operation in a state in which the charging voltage of the battery 1 is being displayed as the appearance of the battery 2 of the power supply device of the present invention in a discharged state.
- FIG. 5 is a front perspective view of the relay of Fig. 1
- Fig. 6 is a rear perspective view of the relay of Fig. 1
- Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of the control unit of Fig. 1
- Fig. 10 is a flowchart of control operations of the control unit of Fig.
- FIG. 11B is a photograph of the actual operation when the battery 2 of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention is in a discharged state, as a photograph of appearance when the battery 1 is in a discharged state, This is an actual operation picture in a state in which the charging voltage is being displayed.
- the power supply apparatus includes a first battery 1 and a second battery 2 as secondary cells, a DC voltage of a battery in a discharge mode is inverted to AC, An inverter 30 for supplying power, a charger 40 for rectifying the output AC or commercial AC power of the inverter 30 to DC to charge the battery in the charging mode, a control unit 20 for controlling them, And a relay unit 10 for connecting the battery to the inverter or the charger according to the control operation of the control unit 20 for designating the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 as the discharge mode or the charge mode, respectively.
- a commercial AC power source for directly charging the battery may be connected to the fourth switch SW4, or may further include an external power source such as an external solar cell 60 for directly charging the battery.
- first battery 1 and the second battery 2 as a pair of the secondary batteries form a pair, but the number is not necessarily limited to two, but may be three or more.
- Each of the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 as a secondary battery performs a function of a battery through a discharge cycle that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and a charging cycle that converts electrical energy into chemical energy, 20, the other secondary battery is charged while one secondary battery is being discharged.
- the solar cell 60 converts the photons to electrical energy using the properties of the semiconductor and supplies the DC voltage to the battery by the switching operation of the control unit 20 so that the first battery 1 and the second battery So that it can be used as a supplement to the charging of the battery pack 2 or the power supply of the load 50.
- the auxiliary power source is not limited to the solar cell, and other auxiliary power sources such as a wind power generator and a light hydro power generator can be used.
- the controller 20 senses the magnitude of the DC voltage output from one of the two or more first batteries 1 and the second batteries 2 and switches to another one if the voltage is below the reference voltage, The DC voltage can be output from one secondary battery. At this time, the magnitude of the DC voltage output from the other secondary battery is sensed, and when the secondary voltage is below the reference voltage, the secondary battery is converted into one secondary battery, And automatically controls it.
- the control unit 20 controls the inverter 30 so that most of the AC power output to the inverter 30 can be used as the power source of the load 50. The remaining AC power is supplied to the first battery 1, And the charger 40 so as to be used for charging the second battery 2.
- the controller 20 controls the charger 40 so that the AC power supplied to the charger 40 can be output to another secondary battery for charging when one secondary battery being discharged is used as the load power. .
- controller 20 controls the charger 40 to output the commercial AC power to the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 so that they can be charged together.
- the configuration and operation of the control unit 20 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG.
- the most significant feature of the present invention is that the (+) terminals of each DC terminal are fixedly connected to each other except for various switches, and the control is performed by switching the (-) terminal.
- This is in contrast to the usual way of controlling the operation by using the negative (-) pole as the ground and switching the (+) pole connection because the surge current and spark This is to protect the battery from the risk of explosion by minimizing the occurrence.
- the (+) terminals of the control unit 20 as well as the first battery 1 and the second battery 2, the inverter 30, and the charger 40 are fixedly connected to each other.
- the negative terminals of the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 are respectively connected to the first battery connection terminal 15 and the second battery connection terminal 16 of the relay unit 10 Which is again connected to the movable contact 110 of the first relay 11 and the movable contact 120 of the second relay 12 and the first battery connection terminal B1 of the control unit 20 and the second battery connection (-) terminal of the terminal B2.
- the first battery connection terminal 15 and the second battery connection terminal 16 of the relay unit 10 and the first battery connection terminal B1 and the second battery connection terminal B2 of the control unit 20 It is preferable that power is supplied to the control unit only when the power switch is turned on so that the control unit can operate.
- the relay unit 10 includes a first relay 11 and a second relay 12 on a base 10a and each relay is provided on each of the plates 110b and 120b as a base, Supporting bases 110c and 120c of nonconductive material are fixed to the front surface of the plate, for example, in the vertical direction.
- the charger connection plate 13 and the inverter connection plate 14 are horizontally fixed across the support plate of each relay.
- the charger connection plate 13 and the inverter connection plate 14 are electrically separated from each other,
- the charger connection plate 13 is electrically connected to the first fixed terminal 111 of the first relay 11 and the first fixed terminal 121 of the second relay 12,
- the second fixed terminal 112 of the first relay 11 and the second fixed terminal 122 of the second relay 12 are electrically connected to each other.
- the movable terminal 120 of the second relay which is supported by the movable terminal support plate 125 on the second plate 120b, is resiliently biased by the biasing spring 126, 122 and the charger connection plate 13 so that the second battery 2 is connected to the charger 40 so that the second battery operates in the charging mode (see a solid line in FIG. 4).
- the inverter 30 inverts the DC power output from the first battery to AC by the internal circuit, and outputs the AC power to the first output receptacle 30a and the second output receptacle 30b.
- the user can connect a plug (SW3) of a load (for example, a 300W bulb) to the first outlet to illuminate the bulb.
- the plug SW4 of the charger 40 when the plug SW4 of the charger 40 is connected to the second output receptacle 30b of the inverter 30, a part (preferably 15 to 35%) of the AC output of the inverter is output to the charger
- the battery charger converts the DC power into a DC by way of rectifying it, and sends it to the second battery 2 in the current charging mode to charge the second battery 2.
- the negative terminal of the charger is connected through the charger connection plate 13, the first fixed terminal 121 of the second relay and the movable terminal 120 of the second relay, (-) terminal of the second battery through the terminal 16, the second battery can be operated in the charging mode.
- the fourth switch SW4 which is a plug of the charger, may be connected to the second receptacle 30b of the inverter, but may be connected to an outlet of a not-shown AC commercial power source (120 V, 60 Hz) It may be connected to a supplementary AC power source such as a small-sized oil generator or a small-scale power generator as a generator.
- a supplementary AC power source such as a small-sized oil generator or a small-scale power generator as a generator.
- the first and second switches SW1 and SW2 of the relay unit are connected to the first and second control signal output terminals HD1 and HD2 of the control unit 20 so that the first and second control signals , (+) Terminal of each of the control signal output terminals HD1 and HD2 is fixedly connected to +12 V, and the control signal output terminals HD1 and HD2 are operated by the control signal outputted through the (-) terminal of each control signal output terminal
- the first and second solenoids 114 and 124 switch the movable contact.
- Reference numerals 113 and 123 denote electric wires for connecting the first and second battery connection terminals 15 and 16 and the movable terminals 110 and 120 of the respective relays. And each of the terminals is connected by two electric wires, and each of the battery connection terminals 15 and 16 is connected to the movable terminal of the corresponding relay by a total of four electric wires.
- Reference numerals 110a and 120a denote fixed portions of the movable contacts 110 and 120 of the respective relays.
- Reference numeral 127 denotes a control signal terminal of the second relay.
- the control unit 20 includes a battery power input unit 210 to which the power of the first and second batteries is input, a voltage (+12 V or +12 V) of the battery input from the battery power input unit 210, A constant voltage circuit unit 220 for converting a voltage of the first battery voltage input unit 210 to a constant voltage circuit unit 220 for converting the first and second battery voltages to generate a constant voltage of +5 V and +12 V, 260, and a second battery voltage display unit 270, a relay control signal output unit 250 for outputting a control signal for controlling operation of the relay unit, and a relay control unit 250 for detecting the magnitude of voltage of the first and second batteries, And a control IC 240 for outputting a relay control signal through the signal output unit 250.
- a control IC 240 for outputting a relay control signal through the signal output unit 250.
- control unit may further include an option setting unit 290 to arbitrarily change a reference value for switching the charge / discharge mode of the first and second batteries.
- Reference numeral 230 denotes a reset section of the control IC
- reference numeral 280 denotes a spare terminal section which can be used as an additional input / output terminal.
- the battery power input unit 210 will be described.
- the DC voltage V B1 of the first battery 1 is detected through the voltage dividing resistors R37 and R33, input through the V BA terminal of the control IC Q1, 2
- the DC voltage V B2 of the battery 2 is detected through the voltage dividing resistors R41 and R34 and input through the V BB terminal of the control IC Q1.
- C14 and C13 are capacitors for noise filtering.
- the voltages of the first and second batteries input from the battery power input unit 210 are mixed by the diodes D11 and D12 and input to the DC-DC converter 221 of the constant voltage circuit unit 220, -DC converter 221 outputs a constant voltage for relay driving (+12 V) and a constant voltage for this control circuit (+9 V). Further, the constant-voltage (+9 V) for the control circuit output from the DC-DC converter 221 is regulated to the positive voltage of +5 V again in the constant-voltage IC (Q5).
- the control IC Q1 of the processing unit 240 determines the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage of the first battery through the LEDs L1 to L23 of the first battery voltage display unit 260 and the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage of the second battery Through the LEDs (L6 to L25) of the second battery voltage display unit (270).
- the control IC U1 may be a PIC16F877A.
- the on / off of the relay unit 10 is controlled through the relay control signal output unit 250 by comparing the magnitudes of the instantaneous voltages of the first and second batteries.
- the switching transistor Q2 is turned on, and thus the output of the first relay control signal output terminal HD1
- the control terminal signal ( The voltage of +12 V outputted to the solenoid (SW1 in FIG. 4) (114 in FIG. 6) of the first relay 11 is outputted through the upper power supply terminal of the first relay control signal output terminal HD1
- the first solenoid 114 operates so that the movable terminal 110 of the first relay is connected to the second fixed terminal 112 side,
- the negative terminal of the first battery 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter 30 through the inverter connection plate 13 so that the first battery 1 is eventually operated in the discharge mode.
- the first relay operation indicating diode L3 is also energized, the first relay is in operation (see the left LED in Fig. 11A).
- the switching transistor Q3 is turned off, and thus the output of the second relay control signal output terminal HD2
- the control terminal signal ( The voltage of +12 V outputted to the solenoid (SW2 in FIG. 4) (124 in FIG. 6) of the second relay 12 is supplied to the second relay control signal output terminal HD2 through the upper power supply terminal of the second relay control signal output terminal HD2
- the second solenoid 124 does not operate so that the movable terminal 120 of the second relay is connected to the first fixed terminal 121 side
- the negative terminal of the second battery is connected to the negative terminal of the charger 40 through the charger connection plate 13 so that the second battery 2 operates in the charging mode.
- the second relay operation indicating diode L5 is also not energized, the second relay does not operate (see the right LED in Fig. 11A).
- the charging state of the second battery is 80%.
- the control unit 20 When the voltage of the first battery is further reduced or the current decreases or a predetermined time has elapsed and it is necessary to switch the charge / discharge, the control unit 20 reverses the relay control signal, The second relay is in the discharge mode and the first relay is in the charge mode as shown in FIG. 11B, whereas the charge state of the first battery is 14.3V in FIG. 11B.
- the instantaneous voltages of the first battery and the second battery are measured and output through the voltage display units 260 and 270 (S1, S2 If the instantaneous voltage V B1 of the first battery is greater than the instantaneous voltage V B2 of the second battery by comparing the instantaneous voltages V B1 and V B2 of the both batteries, 1 relay is turned on to put the first battery into the discharge mode and the second relay to turn off to put the second battery into the charge mode (S4) (see Fig. 11A).
- the voltage drop of the first battery 1 in the discharge mode has fallen more than a reference value (for example, 0.2 V) (S5). Otherwise, the first and second battery voltages are measured and displayed, And the charging voltage of the second battery in the second battery are measured and displayed, and the steps S4 to S6 are repeated.
- a reference value for example, 0.2 V
- step S5 if it is determined in step S5 that the voltage drop of the first battery 1 in the discharge mode has fallen below a reference value (for example, 0.2 V), the first relay and the second relay are reversely switched The battery is switched to the charge mode and the second battery is switched to the discharge mode (S7), and the process returns to the beginning to repeat the abnormality (S8).
- a reference value for example, 0.2 V
- step S3 if it is determined in step S3 that the instantaneous voltage V B1 of the first battery is lower than the instantaneous voltage V B2 of the second battery, the second relay is turned on to turn the second battery into the discharge mode , The first relay is turned off to set the first battery to the charging mode (S14) (see FIG. 11B).
- the voltage drop of the second battery 2 in the discharge mode has fallen more than a reference value (for example, 0.2 V) (S15). Otherwise, the first and second battery voltages are measured and displayed, Mode and the charging voltage of the first battery in the mode are measured and displayed, and the steps S14 to S16 are repeated.
- a reference value for example, 0.2 V
- step S15 if it is determined in step S15 that the voltage drop of the second battery 2 in the discharge mode has fallen more than the reference value (for example, 0.2 V), the first relay and the second relay are reversely switched, The battery is switched to the charge mode and the first battery is switched back to the discharge mode (S7), and the process returns to the beginning to repeat the abnormality (S8).
- the reference value for example, 0.2 V
- the option setting unit 290 shown in Fig. 9 includes a pull-up array resistor RA2 and a DIP switch DIP1 connected to the terminals of the control IC, and can be set through the DIP switch DIP1. For example, if only one switch of the DIP switch is set up, it is set to switch the charge / inversion mode when the voltage drop of the discharge mode battery is 0.1 V. If only the switch 1 of the DIP switch is raised, Mode switch is set up. When all the switches 1 and 2 of the DIP switch are raised, the discharge mode battery is set to switch the charge / inversion mode when the voltage drop of the battery is 0.3V.
- the discharge mode battery can be set to switch the charge / inversion mode when the voltage drop is 0.7V.
- the switch 4 of the DIP switch is raised, the voltage of the discharge mode battery can be set to switch the charge / inversion mode when the current drop is 5A from 100A.
- the discharge mode of the discharge mode battery is set to switch the charge / discharge mode when the discharge time of the battery is 2.5 minutes.
- DIP switch 6 If the DIP switch 6 is raised, When DIP switch 7 is turned on, discharge mode is set to switch the charge / discharge mode when the discharge time of battery is 10 minutes. When the switch is turned on, when the discharge time of the discharge mode battery is 20 minutes, it can be set to perform the charge / discharge reversal mode change.
- these voltages, currents, and elapsed times may be programmed to determine the charge-reversal mode switching.
- step S4 a step of determining whether the voltage (V B1 ) of the first battery is less than 10.7 V should be added immediately before step S4 in the flowchart of FIG. 10, and the voltage (V B1 ) The program proceeds to step S4. If the voltage V B1 of the first battery is less than 10.7 V, the program goes to the step of stopping the charging / discharging program entirely.
- step S14 (V B2) of the voltage to be added to the step of determining whether or less than 10.7V, second, when the voltage (V B2) of the battery is more than 10.7V, and the operation proceeds to step S14 if the second battery (V B2) If it is less than 10.7V, go to the step of stopping charge / discharge program completely.
- the voltage drop of the battery in the discharge mode is equal to or greater than the reference value (here, 0.2 V)
- the current drop of the battery in the discharge mode is equal to or greater than the reference value
- a reference value for example, five minutes
- a secondary battery is a reversible electrochemical battery.
- lead peroxide is used as an anode
- lead is used as a cathode
- dilute sulfuric acid is used as an electrolyte.
- a pure lead atom reacts with the sulfate ion (SO 4 2- ) of the electrolyte, and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) Is dissolved in water to form a negatively charged sulfate ion and a positively charged hydrogen ion (H + ).
- Lead atoms combine with sulfate ions to lose two electrons and become lead sulfate (PbSO 4 ).
- the electrode material When the reaction occurs in the opposite direction to the discharging process, the electrode material is changed to the original state, and the amount of sulfuric acid is increased again, so that the charged secondary cell is used again to supply power .
- the present invention reduces the rate at which the (+) and (-) poles change to lead sulfate in the process of repeated charging and discharging using two or more secondary batteries, so that the efficiency of the secondary battery is gradually reduced, Can increase the discharge time that can be used.
- the first battery when both batteries are at 12.7 V, the first battery is discharged to supply power to the load.
- the mode is switched.
- the second battery is discharged and the first battery is charged
- the first battery is recharged to 12.6 V, so that all of them will be less than 10.7 V at a later time to completely prohibit the discharge.
- Table 2 shows actual test results on the change of the battery voltage and the usage time when discharging was performed using the same charge and discharge method of the present invention with the same battery as in Table 1.
- discharge is not possible at 10.7 V or less, but in the case of the present invention, discharge is possible at 9.5 V because the sulfate material is not caught in the electrode as described above.
- the efficiency of the battery during the first charge is 37.7%, which is more efficient than the case of the normal continuous charge (16.6%), and the efficiency of the battery during the third charge is 43.7% 15%), and the efficiency of the battery was 56.2% at the time of the fifth charging, which is more efficient than the case of the normal continuous charging (13.9%).
- the battery in order to charge the battery after the full discharge, the battery should be charged for at least 10 hours in the case of the Delko battery.
- the discharge time is not limited.
- the effect of the present invention is particularly remarkable in the embodiment using the lead acid battery as a battery.
- the present invention is not limited to the lead acid battery, and it has been found that a remarkable effect is obtained in the lithium secondary battery as well as other secondary batteries.
- the number of batteries is not limited to two, and it is also possible to apply the present invention by bundling three or more batteries in pairs.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
시간 | 배터리출력전압(V) | 부하측 전류(A) | 인버터출력전압(V) | 인버터사용전류(A) | 소비전력(KW) | 비고 |
0분 | 13.22 | 29.8 | 220 | 1.6 | 시작 | |
10분 | 12.29 | 29.8 | 220 | 1.6 | ||
20분 | 12.17 | 29.7 | 218 | 1.58 | ||
30분 | 12.02 | 29.6 | 216 | 1.57 | ||
40분 | 11.83 | 29.5 | 214 | 1.55 | ||
50분 | 11.61 | 29.3 | 214 | 1.53 | ||
60분 | 11.45 | 29.1 | 210 | 1.52 | ||
70분 | 11.28 | 28.8 | 206 | 1.49 | ||
80분 | 10.92 | 28.1 | 200 | 1.45 | ||
90분 | 10.63 | 27.4 | 190 | 1.43 | 0.49 | 종료 |
시간 | 입력전압(V) | 배터리 충전전류(A) | 충전기사용전류(A) | 인버터사용전류(A) | 인버터출력전압(V) | 부하측 전류(A) | 총사용전류(A) | 소비전력(KW) |
0분 | 12.5 | 4.7 | 6.9 | 2.9 | 218 | 28.4 | 36.0 | |
30분 | 12.3 | 5.9 | 9.9 | 2.9 | 218 | 28.4 | 37.2 | |
60분 | 12.0 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 2.9 | 217 | 28.4 | 37.8 | |
90분 | 11.7 | 7.7 | 11.4 | 3.0 | 217 | 28.4 | 38.1 | |
120분 | 11.3 | 8.3 | 11.3 | 3.2 | 216 | 28.4 | 38.9 | |
150분 | 11.0 | 9.8 | 11.5 | 3.2 | 214 | 28.4 | 39.4 | |
180분 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 12.1 | 3.3 | 208 | 28.4 | 40.0 | |
194분 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 12.7 | 3.3 | 203 | 28.4 | 41.5 | 0.95 |
Claims (7)
- 충방전이 가능한 2 이상의 이차전지의 어느 하나의 이차전지를 일정 시간동안 방전모드로 하여 해당 이차전지의 DC 출력전압을 인버터를 통해 부하에 전달하며, 다른 시점에서는 상기 방전모드에 있던 이차전지의 방전을 중지시키고 충전기를 통해 충전모드로 가도록, 그리고 다른 이차전지를 방전모드로 가도록 절환을 행하되, 각 DC 단자의 (+) 및 (-) 단자 중에서 동일한 일측 극성의 단자들이 상호 고정 연결되어 있으며, 각각의 이차전지의 고정연결되지 않은 타측 극성의 단자를 각각 스위칭하여 제어가 이루어지도록 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 전환장치로서,각각의 이차전지의 상기 타측 극성의 단자에 각각 별도로 접속되는 릴레이(11, 12);상기 릴레이의 각각의 제1 고정단자에 공통 접속되는 충전기 연결판(13); 및상기 릴레이의 각각의 제2 고정단자에 공통 접속되는 인버터 연결판(14); 를 포함하며,각각의 상기 릴레이의 가동단자를 상기 대응하는 이차전지의 상기 타측 극성의 단자에 접속하며,각각의 상기 릴레이의 가동단자를 가동하여 제1 고정단자에 접속되거나 제2 고정단자에 접속되도록 하는 가동단자 제어수단(114, 124)을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 DC 단자의 (+) 단자들이 상호 고정 연결되어 있으며, (-) 단자를 각각 스위칭하여 충방전 모드 전환이 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 릴레이는 2개이며, 상기 이차전지의 제1 배터리(1) 및 제2 배터리(2)는 2개가 한 쌍을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 이차전지의 상기 타측 극성의 단자에 각각 연결되는 배터리 연결판(15, 16);을 더 포함하며,상기 각 배터리 연결판(15, 16)에 각 릴레이의 가동단자가 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 가동단자 제어수단(114, 124)은, 상기 릴레이의 절환 동작을 제어하는 제어신호를 제어부로부터 수신하는 솔레노이드인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 이차전지의 전원이 입력되는 배터리 전원 입력부(210);상기 배터리 전원 입력부(210)로부터 입력된 상기 이차전지 전압의 크기를 검출하여 릴레이 제어신호를 출력하는 처리부(240); 및상기 릴레이부의 동작을 제어하는 제어신호를 상기 처리부(240)로부터 상기 릴레이부로 출력하는 릴레이 제어신호 출력부(250);를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 각 릴레이는, 베이스(10a) 상에 구비되는 기부로서의 각각의 플레이트(110b, 120b) 상에 구비되며, 다시 각 플레이트의 전면에 부도체의 지지대(110c, 120c)가 일례로 수직방향으로 고정 설치되고, 상기 각 릴레이의 지지대 상에 충전기 연결판(13)과 인버터 연결판(14)이 가로질러 고정설치되며, 충전기 연결판(13)과 인버터 연결판(14)은 각각 전기적으로 분리되어 있고, 상기 충전기 연결판(13)은 제1 릴레이(11)의 제1 고정단자(111) 및 제2 릴레이(12)의 제1 고정단자(121)가 전기적으로 접속되며, 상기 인버터 연결판(14)은 제1 릴레이(11)의 제2 고정단자(112) 및 제2 릴레이(12)의 제2 고정단자(122)가 전기적으로 접속되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지를 이용한 전원장치의 충방전 전환장치.
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