WO2013104936A2

WO2013104936A2 - Rotary piston engine

Info

Publication number: WO2013104936A2
Application number: PCT/HU2013/000004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Istvan Magai
Original assignee: Istvan Magai
Priority date: 2012-01-09
Filing date: 2013-01-08
Publication date: 2013-07-18
Also published as: WO2013104936A3; HUP1200014A2

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a rotary piston engine, which produces mechanical work by the compression, heating and expansion of a gaseous working substance. The working space is bordered by the cylindrical mantel surface of the rotary piston (3) and the surface of the space separator (17), the space separator gasket (16) sealing the expansion gap between them by design, and the space separator exterior gasket (19) sealing the expansion gap by design between the cylindrical housing (2) and the space separator (17), the face wall (4), the face wall (5) and the interior wall of the cylindrical housing (2). This by design decreasing space carries out the compression of the working substance, and this by design increasing space carries out the expansion of the working substance, which results in work during the rotation of the main shaft (6), while the actuation of the space separator, which is fixed to the stationary cylindrical housing (2) in a way so that it can be rotated, is carried out by the eccentric drive (25), which is connected to the main shaft (6).

Description

ROTARY PISTON ENGINE inventor: Dr. Magai Istvan, H-2051 Biatorbagy

The subject of the invention is a rotary piston engine, which produces mechanical work by the compression, heating and expansion of a gaseous working substance. As is known, most of the caloric engines by design compressors and engines have a crank mechanism with pneumatic or rotary pistons. Volumetric heat engines presently in use such as the Stirling engine, Otto and diesel engines and gas engines have a mechanism which need external cooling, because lubricants are needed to drive and seal the pistons or blades. Hydrocarbon based lubricants can generally be used at temperatures below +150 ° C, so the mechanism needs to be cooled, which results in a significant loss. Synthetic lubricants do not degrade at around +150 ° C, but they put a strain on the environment and they are costly.

95% of engines currently in use in the world employ a pneumatic piston to transmit power, where lubrication and cooling are necessary. Cooling redirects 20-30% of the engine's energy input into the environment without it being utilised. Beside internal combustion engines with pneumatic pistons, engines with rotary pistons are employed to a lesser degree and their present state of technology is characterised by the following patents:

US3823694, GB2259332, CN2082321, US4423710, US6868822B1

In the above solutions the space between the piston rotating eccentrically in the cylindrical housing and the inner wall of the outer cylindrical housing is split by a moving separator which is pressed against the skirt of the rotary piston with a spring in order to achieve the appropriate drive (actuation and seal). Through the friction thus created, significant dynamic force is transferred. A stronger spring is necessary for a higher shaft revolution (by design higher than 1000 rev/min), so that the separator does not lift off the surface of the piston, which rotates eccentrically. The larger compressive force results in greater friction and wear. In practice it is only with the use of lubricants that such devices can be ensured a longer run time. Solutions available in the present state of technology have the disadvantage that between the inner wall of the cylinder that surrounds the workspace and the wall of the blades or pistons there is a significant amount of sliding friction, which leads to lower efficiency and reduces the lifespan of the machinery.

The purpose of our invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of caloric engines described above and to design advantageous features.

The invented solution is a rotary piston engine which is suitable for the production of mechanical work through the compression, heating and expansion of a gaseous working substance. It is an advantage that when employing the eccentrically driven threaded space separator there is no danger of diverging from the rotary piston even with larger, significantly larger 3000 rotation /minute axial rotation by design. By design dilation between the moving units serves to equalize deformations caused by heat expansion and dynamic forces. Another advantage is that there is no contact between the rotary piston, which revolves with the main shaft and at the same time is fastened to the inner wall of the cylinder with a gasket unit, and the wall of the cylinder. The gasket, which covers the dilation gap (less than 1 mm by design) between the piston and the wall of the cylinder, is held in the correct position by a small-sized spring. The friction of the gasket is infinitesimal, its proportion, below 1% by design, is measureable in the case of the currently used separator, which rests on the piston. We describe the invention in more detail with the help of the attached drawing, which depicts the copy of the cut off shape of the apparatus according to the invention.

In the attached drawing:

Figure 1 The mechanics of the rotary piston engine

Figure 2 The block diagram of the rotary piston engine

Legend:

1. rotary piston engine

2. cylindrical housing

3. rotary piston

4. face wall

5. face wall

6. main shaft

7. main shaft bearing

8. eccentric unit bearing block

9. eccentric unit bearing

10. the distance of the shaft space separator

11. excenter

12. excenter arm

13. space separator shaft bearing

14. direction of rotation in case of the engine

15. direction of rotation in case of the compressor

16. space separator gasket

17. space separator

18. exhaust pipe in the case of the engine, inlet opening in case of the compressor

19. space separator exterior gasket

20. inlet opening in the case of the engine, discharge opening in case of the compressor 21. centreline of the space separator

22. axis line of the main shaft

23. space separator shaft

24. gasket between the rotary piston and the cylindrical housing

25. eccentric drive

100. rotary piston engine

101. compressor 1

102. compressor 2

103. expander 1

104. expander 2

106. working substance flow regulator 1

107. working substance flow regulator 2

108. pipe of the heated substance

109. heater

110. pipe of the compressed substance

111. compressor inlet pipe 1

112. compressor inlet pipe 2

113. expander exhaust 1

114. expander exhaust 2

115. exterior heat exchange

First we will review the structure and operation of the rotary piston engine with the help of Fig. 2. Compressed air is introduced into the heater of the rotary piston engine 100. The compressed air through the pipe of the heated substance 108, the open working substance flow regulator 1 106 and working substance flow regulator 2 107 gets into expander unit 1 103 and expander unit 2 104, where it produces work and rotates the main shaft 6. Compressor 1 101 and compressor 2 102, which are attached to the main shaft, suck in the working substance, air by design, through compressor inlet pipe 1 111 and compressor inlet pipe 2 112 and push it into the heater 109. From this time forward the engine operates depending on the condition of the working substance flow regulator 1 106, working substance flow regulator 2 107 and on the exterior heat exchange 115. The exterior heat exchange 115 can either be heat introduced with the help of burning fuel, solar energy or by any heat exchanger.

Fig. 1. shows the mechanics of the rotary piston engine. We note that regarding compressor 1 101, compressor 2 102, expander 1 103 and expander 2104 the internal mechanical structure by design corresponds to the spatial exploded view diagram in fig. 1. The working space is bordered by the cylindrical housing 2, the face wall 4, the face wall 5, the space separator 17 and the rotary piston 3. When the main shaft 6 rotates, the rotary piston 3 rotates with it, and with the help of the gasket between the rotary piston and the cylindrical housing 24, it creates an increasing working space behind and a decreasing working space in front of it. The division of the two working spaces is carried out by the space separator 17, which is fixed on the space separator shaft 23. This shaft is turned by the eccentric drive 25 into a position that ensures an optimal expansion gap between the space separator 17 and the rotary piston 3 in the entire rotation zone. The expansion gap is sealed by the space separator gasket 16. The expansion gap between the cylindrical housing 2 and the space separator 17 is sealed by the gasket between the rotary piston and the cylindrical housing 24. Gaps between the face wall 4, the face wall 5, the rotary piston 3, which shifts in relation to the face wall 5, and the side surfaces of the space separator 17 are sealed by a sliding flat gasket by design. The main shaft 6, the space separator shaft 23 and the eccentric unit bearing block 8 are embedded using rolling bearings: main shaft bearing 7, eccentric unit bearing 9, space separator shaft bearing 13. The distance between the centre of the excenter 11 and the axis line of the main shaft 22 by design corresponds to the degree of eccentricity of the rotary piston 3 related to the main shaft 6. Expansion between stationary and moving parts ensures that even at extreme temperatures, between -40 and + 1000 °C by design, there is no jamming or excessive play. The applied expansion by design makes it possible to avoid seizure caused by solid G

contaminating particles. By mounting several copies of the mechanical structure shown by fig. 1. along the main shaft 6 we can achieve an arbitrary number of compressing or expanding stages. Whether the mechanical structure becomes an expander or a compressor is determined by the insertion of pipes into the openings and the main shaft's direction of rotation. The thermal efficiency of the engine is not reduced by transferring heat to the environment. Loss may be caused by heat absorbed by the waste working substance. If we devise a closed system, and drive the waste working substance back into the compressor after cooling, we can further increase total efficiency. The axis line of the main shaft 22 by design corresponds to the axis line of the cylindrical housing 2.

Claims

- PATENT CLAIMS

1. Rotary piston engine with rotary piston, cylindrical housing, space separator, eccentric drive, main shaft, face wall, gasket and working substance characterised by the fact that the working space is bordered by the cylindrical mantel surface of the rotary piston (3) and the surface of the space separator (17), the space separator gasket (16) sealing the expansion gap between them by design, and the space separator exterior gasket (19) purposely sealing the expansion gap between the cylindrical housing (2) and the space separator (17), the face wall (4), the face wall (5) and the interior wall of the cylindrical housing (2). This by design decreasing space carries out the compression of the working substance, and this by design increasing space carries out the expansion of the working substance, which results in work during the rotation of the main shaft (6), while the actuation of the space separator, which is fixed to the stationary cylindrical housing (2) in a way so that it can be rotated, is carried out by the eccentric drive (25), which is connected to the main shaft (6).

2. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that the rotary piston engine (100), including compressor 1 (101), compressor 2 (102), expander 1 (103) and expander 2 (104), is by design built using four rotary piston engine units (1) along the face wall (4,5) with a common main shaft (6).

3. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that compression and expansion both occur alongside a by design adiabatic change of state. e

4. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that employing the heater (109) with a by design large volume allows for the storage of mechanical energy arriving along the main shaft (6) in the form of a by design adiabatically compressed working substance and also for the subsequent recovery of the energy during a by design adiabatic expansion.

5. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that its rotary pistons placed in compressor 1 (101) and compressor 2 (102), and in expander 1 (103) and expander 2 (104) are rotated by 180° in relation to each other when installed, which results in the equalization of internal body forces and in even running.

6. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that the heater (109) is insulated from the inside, so the pressure wall is subjected to a smaller amount of thermal load than it would be in the case of a reversed layer order.

7. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that in the heater (109) the working substance receives the thermal energy through internal combustion, while the heated working substance also contains the combustion product.

8. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that the working substance, which is situated in the heater (109), receives the thermal energy from the external space through a heat exchanger.

9. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that the production of mechanical work is regulated by working substance flow regulator 1 (106) and/or by working substance flow regulator 2 (107) by throttling the pipe of the heated substance (108).

10. The rotary piston engine described in claim 1. characterised by the fact that the backflow of the working substance from the heater (109) through the pipe of the compressed substance (110) is prevented by a non-return valve.