WO2013104108A1

WO2013104108A1 - Antenna unit and antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2013104108A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/070167
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗英涛; 谢国庆
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2012-01-10
Filing date: 2012-01-10
Publication date: 2013-07-18
Also published as: CN103380542A; CN103380542B

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to an antenna unit and an antenna. The antenna unit comprises a parasitic device and an orthogonal dipole; the parasitic device comprises four coupling arms, and outer ends of the four coupling arms are connected sequentially to form a ring-shaped structure; the orthogonal dipole comprises four radiating arms; the four coupling arms of the parasitic device are respectively coupled with the four radiating arms of the orthogonal dipole. By using the antenna unit, energy coupling with an adjacent antenna unit is reduced, and isolation of antenna units is improved.

Description

Antenna unit and antenna

TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an antenna. Background technique

With the development of mobile communication technologies, the performance requirements of base stations in communication systems are becoming higher and higher, and therefore, the form of antenna units of base stations needs to be continuously improved.

For a dipole type antenna unit, its conventional composition includes: a reflector and an orthogonal dipole disposed on the reflector. Among them, the orthogonal dipole consists of a balun device and a radiation arm. Currently, improved dipole type antenna elements have emerged. The improved dipole type antenna unit is based on the conventional composition of the above-described dipole type antenna unit, and a coupling piece coupled to the dipole is added above the dipole.

With the above-mentioned existing dipole type antenna unit, a large mutual coupling effect between the antenna unit and the adjacent antenna unit and the two polarizations of the radiation arm in the same antenna unit is generated, thereby causing The isolation of the antenna unit is poor. Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna unit and an antenna for improving isolation of an antenna unit. An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit, including: an antenna unit, including: an orthogonal dipole and a parasitic device coupled to the orthogonal dipole;

The parasitic device includes four coupling arms; the outer ends of the four coupling arms are sequentially connected to form an annular structure, and the side edges of the adjacent coupling arms are spaced apart from each other;

The orthogonal dipole includes four radiation arms;

The four coupling arms of the parasitic device are respectively coupled to the four radiating arms of the orthogonal dipole. Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, comprising: a reflector and an antenna unit as described above disposed on the reflector.

As can be seen from the above technical solution, the embodiment of the present invention increases the parasitic device coupled to the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole in the antenna unit. The outer ends of the four coupling arms of the parasitic device are sequentially connected to form a closed annular structure, and the current obtained by the coupling of the parasitic device from the radiating arm can be shaped inside the parasitic device The loop is closed, thus reducing the energy coupling between the antenna unit and the adjacent antenna unit, thereby reducing the adverse effect of mutual coupling on the performance of the antenna, and improving the isolation of the antenna unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and obviously, in the following description The drawings are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

4 is a top plan view of a radiation arm of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

5 is a top plan view of a radiation arm of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. example. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The structure of the dipole type antenna unit is improved in the present invention. In each of the following specific embodiments, the antenna elements are all dipole type antenna elements.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the antenna unit includes at least: an orthogonal dipole 11 and a parasitic device 12 coupled to the orthogonal dipole 11.

Among them, the parasitic device 12 includes four coupling arms. The outer ends of the four coupling arms are sequentially connected to form an annular structure, and the side edges of the adjacent coupling arms are spaced apart from each other. The orthogonal dipole 11 includes four radiating arms. The four coupling arms of the parasitic device 12 are coupled to the four radiating arms of the orthogonal dipole 11, respectively.

Based on the above technical solution, specifically, the orthogonal dipole 11 has four radiating arms, Others are the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the specific form of the orthogonal dipole 11 is not limited, and any form of orthogonal dipole may be specifically used.

The parasitic device 12 includes four coupling arms, which are respectively a coupling arm 121, a coupling arm 122, a coupling arm 123 and a coupling arm 124. The outer ends of the four coupling arms are sequentially connected to form an annular structure, and the annular structure is enclosed. The space can be a hollow space, or it can be filled with an insulating material. Moreover, the side edges of the adjacent coupling arms do not contact each other and are separated by a certain distance. For example, as shown in Figure 1, a gap 125 can be provided between the sides of adjacent coupling arms. In practical applications, the specific shape of the side of the coupling arm is not limited, the side may adopt an irregular shape, and the distance between the sides of the adjacent coupling arms and the specific shape of the interval are not To be limited, referring to FIG. 1, the specific shape of the above-mentioned gap 125 is not limited, and the gap 125 may have an irregular shape. Specifically, the separation distance may be a void, and the separation distance may be filled with an insulating material. The four coupling arms of the parasitic device 12 correspond to the four radiating arms of the orthogonal dipoles 11, respectively, and the four coupling arms are separated from the four radiating arms by a certain space. Specifically, a layer of insulating material may be filled between the coupling arm and the radiation arm to separate the coupling arm and the radiation arm; or a support column made of an insulating material may be disposed between the coupling arm and the radiation arm, and the coupling arm and the radiation arm are separated . Since the conductor in the electromagnetic field generates electromagnetic induction, current is obtained. The coupling arms are of a conductor material, each of which is located in the electromagnetic field of its corresponding radiating arm and coupled to its corresponding radiating arm to obtain a current. For example, in the antenna unit shown in FIG. 1, the coupling arm 121 corresponds to the radiating arm 111, and the coupling arm 121 is coupled to the radiating arm 111 to obtain a current; the coupling arm 122 corresponds to the radiating arm 112, and the coupling arm 122 is coupled with the radiating arm 112 to obtain a current; The coupling arm 123 corresponds to the radiating arm 113, and the coupling arm 123 is coupled with the radiating arm 113 to obtain a current; the coupling arm 124 corresponds to the radiating arm 114, and the coupling arm 124 is coupled with the radiating arm 114 to obtain a current. The parasitic device 12 is coupled to the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114 described above. Further, the parasitic device 12 has a hollow structure, or the hollow portion is filled with an insulating material, and a current obtained by coupling of the parasitic device 12 from the above four radiating arms forms a closed loop in the parasitic device 12.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, a parasitic device coupled to the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole is added to the antenna unit. Moreover, the parasitic device employs a closed annular structure that provides a path for the current obtained by the parasitic device to be coupled from the radiating arm such that the current obtained by the coupling can form a closed loop within the parasitic device. Coupling current forms a closed loop that balances two radiations of the same polarization The energy of the arm reduces the influence between adjacent radiating arms, thus reducing the energy coupling between the antenna element and the adjacent antenna elements, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna elements by reducing the adverse effects of mutual coupling on the performance of the antenna. degree. Moreover, by forming the coupled current into a closed loop, the energy of the two radiating arms belonging to the same polarization and the influence of the adjacent radiating arms can be balanced, thereby improving the cross polarization discrimination rate, that is, improving the polarization purity of the antenna unit. Moreover, it is also possible to increase the skewness index of the antenna unit.

Based on the above technical solution of the first embodiment of the present invention, the parasitic device 12 may be located above or below the four radiating arms. In order to improve the coupling effect, preferably, the parasitic device 12 is located directly above or below the four radiating arms. Moreover, the sum of the annular structure formed by the four coupling arms of the parasitic device 12 and the area enclosed by the annular structure as the coverage of the parasitic device 12, the coverage of the parasitic device 12 may be larger or smaller than The coverage of the four radiating arms of the pole 11. In order to improve the coupling effect, preferably, the coverage of the parasitic device 12 is larger than the coverage of the four radiating arms of the dipole 11. Thereby the parasitic device 12 is able to completely cover the radiation range of the radiating arm, most likely coupling the energy radiated by the radiating arm, thereby obtaining the maximum parasitic radiated power.

Based on the above technical solution of the first embodiment of the present invention, the annular structure formed by the coupling arms of the parasitic device 12 may be a triangular ring, a quadrilateral ring, a polygonal ring, a circular ring, an elliptical ring or a petal-shaped ring.

Referring to FIG. 1, on the basis of the above technical solution of the first embodiment of the present invention, in order to enhance the flow performance of the coupling current in the closed loop, the parasitic device 12 may further include a coupling ring 120, and the coupling ring 120 is coupled with the above four. The peripheral ends of the arms are connected, and the four coupling arms are coupled from the four radiating arms to obtain a current, and the current obtained by the coupling forms a closed loop in the coupling ring 120. The coupling ring may be a ring of any shape, for example, may be a triangular ring, a quadrangular ring, a polygonal ring or a ring. Since the coupled current of the parasitic radiation forms a closed loop, the energy coupling between the antenna unit and the adjacent antenna unit is reduced, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna unit by reducing the adverse effects of mutual coupling on the performance of the antenna. Further, by forming the coupled current into a closed loop, the cross polarization discrimination rate can be improved, that is, the polarization purity of the antenna unit can be improved, and the skew index of the antenna unit can be improved.

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the parasitic device 12 can be located directly below the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114. And still with the four coupling arms of the parasitic device 12 The sum of the annular structure and the area enclosed by the annular structure serves as the coverage of the parasitic device 12. Preferably, the coverage of the parasitic device 12 is larger than the radiation arm 111, the radiation arm 112, the radiation arm 113, and the radiation. The total area of the arms 114. Thus, the parasitic device 12 is enabled to completely cover the radiation range of the radiating arm, maximally coupling the energy radiated by the radiating arm described above, thereby obtaining the maximum parasitic radiated power.

As shown in Fig. 3, the parasitic device 12 is located directly above the radiation arm 111, the radiation arm 112, the radiation arm 113, and the radiation arm 114. The parasitic device 12 covers the above-mentioned radiating arm, and the covering area of the parasitic device 12 is larger than the total area of the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114, thereby obtaining the maximum parasitic radiated power.

In the above-mentioned first embodiment of the present invention to the technical solution of the third embodiment of the present invention, further, the parasitic device and the radiation arm of the orthogonal dipole may be filled with an insulating material, and the parasitic device is insulated by an insulating material. Separated from the radiating arms of the orthogonal dipoles. The parasitic device and the radiation arm may be made by attaching a conductor material to the upper and lower sides of the insulating layer. Specifically, in production, an insulating layer is first obtained, and the insulating layer may be realized by an air layer, and then attached to the upper and lower sides of the insulating layer. Conductor material, and finally the above parasitic device and the radiation arm are fabricated on the attached conductor material. Alternatively, the parasitic device and the radiating arm are fabricated by using a printed circuit board or a printed circuit board (PCB). When manufacturing, the parasitic device and the radiating arm are fabricated by using a printed board or a PCB technology.

Referring to Fig. 1, each of the orthogonal dipoles in the above embodiments may further include: a balun device 13. In the above various embodiments of the present invention, the specific structure of the balun device 13 is not limited, and the balun device 13 may employ any form of balun device in the existing antenna unit. One end of the balun device 13 is connected to the above-mentioned radiation arm. Specifically, the balun device 13 may be a microstrip structure or a coaxial feed structure.

Based on the above technical solution, the parasitic device 12 may be parallel to the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole 11 described above, or the parasitic device 12 may be disposed at an angle to the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole 11 described above.

In the above embodiments of the present invention to the technical solution of the third embodiment of the present invention, the above embodiments do not limit the shape of the radiating arm, and any type of radiating arm conforming to the dipole form may be used. For example, the above positive The radiating arm of the alternating dipole 11 may be a planar structure, a ring structure or an open ring structure. The case where the radiation arm is a planar structure is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above. Figure 4 is the basis A top view of a radiation arm of an antenna unit of the fourth embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114 each adopt a ring structure. Figure 5 is a plan view of a radiation arm of an antenna unit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the radiating arm 111, the radiating arm 112, the radiating arm 113, and the radiating arm 114 each adopt an open annular structure.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the antenna includes a reflector 14 and the antenna unit in the first embodiment to the fifth embodiment. The antenna unit is disposed on the reflector, and the number of antenna units can be set according to requirements, at least one. . Specifically, the orthogonal dipole 11 in the antenna unit is disposed on the front surface of the reflecting plate 14. The balun device 13 of the antenna unit has one end connected to the radiating arm and the other end connected to the reflecting plate 14. The parasitic device 12 or the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole 11 may be disposed in parallel or at an angle to the reflecting plate 14.

It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence. Because certain steps may be performed in other sequences or concurrently in accordance with the present invention. In addition, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments are different, and the parts that are not detailed in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced. The modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

Rights request

What is claimed is: 1. An antenna unit, comprising: an orthogonal dipole and a parasitic device coupled to the orthogonal dipole;

The orthogonal dipole includes four radiation arms;

The four coupling arms of the parasitic device are respectively coupled to the four radiating arms of the orthogonal dipole.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein

The parasitic device is located above or below the four radiating arms.

3. An antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

The annular structure formed by the coupling arms of the parasitic device and the area enclosed by the annular structure are larger than the coverage of the dipole radiating arms.

The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the parasitic device further includes a coupling ring, and the coupling ring is connected to peripheral ends of the four coupling arms, The current obtained by the coupling of the four coupling arms from the radiating arm forms a closed loop within the coupling loop.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that

The coupling ring is a triangular ring, a quadrangular ring, a polygonal ring or a ring.

The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ring structure formed by the coupling arm of the parasitic device is a triangular ring, a quadrangular ring, a polygonal ring, a ring, and an elliptical ring. Or a petal-shaped ring.

The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole is a planar structure, a ring structure or an open ring structure.

The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the parasitic device is separated from the radiating arm of the orthogonal dipole by an insulating material; or The parasitic device and the radiating arm are made by attaching a conductor material to the upper and lower sides of the insulating layer;

Alternatively, the parasitic device and the radiating arm are fabricated using a printed board or printed circuit board PCB.

The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The parasitic device and the radiating arms of the orthogonal dipoles are arranged parallel to each other or at an angle.

An antenna, comprising: a reflector, and at least one antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed on the reflector.