WO2013098877A1 - Polarization modulation element, optical element, and projector - Google Patents
Polarization modulation element, optical element, and projector Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013098877A1 WO2013098877A1 PCT/JP2011/007280 JP2011007280W WO2013098877A1 WO 2013098877 A1 WO2013098877 A1 WO 2013098877A1 JP 2011007280 W JP2011007280 W JP 2011007280W WO 2013098877 A1 WO2013098877 A1 WO 2013098877A1
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- polarization
- modulation element
- light
- polarization modulation
- wavelength
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
- G02B27/149—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using crossed beamsplitting surfaces, e.g. cross-dichroic cubes or X-cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarization modulation element, an optical member, and a projector.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-221303
- a polarization modulation element that receives a plurality of primary color images constituting a color and modulates and outputs a polarization state of the image, and includes at least one of the plurality of primary colors
- a polarization modulation element that modulates and outputs different polarization states for each wavelength when one polarization state is input for the wavelength width of the primary color.
- the polarized light beam that is arranged on the input side of the polarization modulation element and that combines the images of the plurality of primary colors and outputs the combined image to the polarization modulation element.
- An optical member comprising a splitter is provided.
- the polarized light beam that is arranged on the input side of the polarization modulation element and that combines the images of the plurality of primary colors and outputs the combined image to the polarization modulation element.
- a projector is provided that includes a splitter, an image generation unit that generates the image with the plurality of primary color lights, and a light source that supplies the plurality of primary color lights to the image generation unit.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a projector 10.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and light intensity of a UHP lamp that is an example of the light source 20. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of an LED lamp, which is an example of the light source 20, and the light intensity.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of the polarization direction modulation by the polarization modulation element. It is the schematic of the experimental apparatus used for the measuring method of a polarization direction. It is the graph which measured the intensity
- FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a projector 310 including different polarization modulation elements 342.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a polarization modulation element 342.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the 1st position of the pixel projected by the output control part 366, and a 2nd position. It is the graph which investigated the relationship between the wavelength and the intensity
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the projector 10.
- the projector 10 projects an image on a screen 12 and displays the image by reflected light from the screen.
- An example of the projector 10 is a short focus type that projects from a position inclined upward or downward with respect to the screen 12.
- the projector 10 includes a light source 20, dichroic mirrors 22, 24, reflection mirrors 26, 28, 30, a condenser lens 32, a blue liquid crystal panel 34, a green liquid crystal panel 36, and a red liquid crystal panel 38.
- the blue liquid crystal panel 34, the green liquid crystal panel 36, and the red liquid crystal panel 38 are examples of an image generation unit.
- the light source 20 outputs light including three primary colors of non-polarized light or polarized light, and provides light of the three primary colors to the blue liquid crystal panel 34, the green liquid crystal panel 36, and the red liquid crystal panel 38.
- An example of the light source 20 is an unpolarized UHP (Ultra High Power) lamp, an LED lamp, a polarized laser, and the like.
- the dichroic mirror 22 is disposed on the downstream side of the light output direction of the light source 20. Of the three primary colors output from the light source 20, the dichroic mirror 22 transmits the blue light BL and reflects the green and red light RL toward the dichroic mirror 24.
- the dichroic mirror 24 is disposed in the light reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 22.
- the dichroic mirror 24 transmits the red light RL and reflects the green light GL to the green liquid crystal panel 36 and the polarization beam splitter 40.
- the reflection mirror 26 is arranged in the light output direction of the light source 20 and on the downstream side of the dichroic mirror 22.
- the reflection mirror 26 reflects the blue light BL transmitted through the dichroic mirror 22 to the blue liquid crystal panel 34.
- the reflection mirror 28 is disposed in the light reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 22 and downstream of the dichroic mirror 24.
- the reflection mirror 28 reflects the red light RL that has passed through the dichroic mirror 24 to the reflection mirror 30.
- the reflection mirror 30 is disposed in the light reflection direction of the reflection mirror 28.
- the reflection mirror 30 reflects the red light RL reflected by the reflection mirror 28 toward the red liquid crystal panel 38.
- the condenser lens 32 is disposed between the reflection mirror 28 and the reflection mirror 30.
- the condensing lens 32 condenses the red light RL reflected by the reflecting mirror 28 onto the reflecting mirror 30.
- the blue liquid crystal panel 34 has a plurality of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. Each pixel controls the polarization direction of light and transmits or blocks light having a specific polarization direction. As indicated by an arrow in the polarization beam splitter 40 of FIG. 1, the polarized light transmitted through each pixel of the blue liquid crystal panel 34 is an s wave.
- the blue liquid crystal panel 34 transmits a part of the light BL out of the blue light BL reflected by the reflection mirror 26 and proceeds to the polarization beam splitter 40 in a polarized state based on the image to be displayed. The remaining light BL is blocked.
- the green liquid crystal panel 36 has the same pixels as the blue liquid crystal panel 34.
- the green liquid crystal panel 36 transmits a part of the light GL out of the green light GL reflected by the dichroic mirror 24 and proceeds to the polarization beam splitter 40 in a polarized state based on the image to be displayed. The remaining light GL is blocked.
- the polarization direction of the light output from the green liquid crystal panel 36 is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the light output from the blue liquid crystal panel 34. As indicated by an arrow in the polarizing beam splitter 40 of FIG. 1, the polarized light transmitted through each pixel of the green liquid crystal panel 36 is p-wave.
- the red liquid crystal panel 38 has the same pixels as the blue liquid crystal panel 34.
- the red liquid crystal panel 38 transmits a part of the light RL out of the red light RL reflected by the reflection mirror 30 based on the image to be displayed and proceeds to the polarization beam splitter 40 in a polarized state. The remaining light RL is blocked.
- the polarization direction of the light output from the red liquid crystal panel 38 is parallel to the polarization direction of the light output from the blue liquid crystal panel 34.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 is an example of a beam splitter.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape in which triangular prisms are combined.
- a blue liquid crystal panel 34 is disposed so as to face.
- a green liquid crystal panel 36 is disposed to face the surface.
- a red liquid crystal panel 38 is disposed opposite to one surface of the polarizing beam splitter 40 that is disposed opposite to the blue liquid crystal panel 34.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 is disposed on the input side of the polarization modulation element 42.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 reflects light in one polarization direction and transmits light in another polarization direction. Specifically, the polarization beam splitter 40 reflects the blue light BL and the red light RL, and transmits the green light GL whose polarization direction is orthogonal to these lights. As a result, the polarization beam splitter 40 reflects the image composed of the blue light BL transmitted through the blue liquid crystal panel 34 to the polarization modulation element 42. The polarization beam splitter 40 transmits an image composed of the green light GL that has passed through the green liquid crystal panel 36 and advances the image to the polarization modulation element 42. The polarization beam splitter 40 reflects an image composed of the red light RL transmitted through the red liquid crystal panel 38 to the polarization modulation element 42.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 outputs the three primary color images input from the three directions in the direction of the polarization modulation element 42. Accordingly, the polarization beam splitter 40 outputs an image obtained by combining the three primary color images to the polarization modulation element 42.
- a cross dichroic prism that reflects or transmits light for each wavelength may be applied as the beam splitter.
- the polarization modulation element 42 is disposed on the output side of the polarization beam splitter 40.
- the polarization modulator 42 receives images of the three primary colors blue, green and red from the polarization beam splitter 40, and modulates and outputs the polarization direction which is an example of the polarization state of the image.
- the polarization modulation element 42 includes a material having birefringence that causes a phase difference in polarized light having different polarization directions to change the polarization direction of the polarized light. As a result, the polarization modulation element 42 modulates and outputs light having different polarization directions for each wavelength when light having one polarization direction is input in the wavelength width of each primary color input in the polarization state. .
- the polarization modulation element 42 periodically modulates the polarization directions of the three primary colors with respect to the wavelength.
- an optical film such as a retardation film, artificial crystal, or optical crystal can be applied.
- the optical film that can be applied to the polarization modulation element 42 include polyolefin resins and polycarbonate.
- the wavelength dependency of modulation can be reduced.
- the projection lens 44 enlarges and projects the image of the light modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 onto the screen 12.
- the light source 20 When the light source 20 outputs light including light of a plurality of primary colors, the light source 20 is divided into three primary colors by the dichroic mirrors 22 and 24.
- the divided blue light BL, green light GL, and red light RL are reflected by the reflection mirrors 26, 28, and 30, and the blue liquid crystal panel 34, the green liquid crystal panel 36, and the red liquid crystal panel 38 are reflected. Is input.
- the liquid crystal panel for blue 34, the liquid crystal panel for green 36, and the liquid crystal panel for red 38 transmit a part of the light of the three primary colors input to the respective polarized light based on the image to be displayed, and transmit the polarized beam splitter. Enter 40.
- the polarization beam splitter 40 combines the light images of the three primary colors input from the three directions and inputs them to the polarization modulation element 42.
- the polarization modulation element 42 is input to the projection lens 44 by changing the polarization direction of the light of each primary color of the combined image for each wavelength.
- the projection lens 44 projects the input image onto the screen 12.
- the light projected on the screen 12 is reflected by the screen 12 and provided to the observer as an image.
- the light projected on the screen 12 has a different polarization direction for each wavelength.
- light having a plurality of polarization directions is projected on the screen 12.
- the reflectance of light is made uniform irrespective of the projected area.
- the color unevenness of the image due to the different reflectance for each region can be reduced, so that the image quality can be improved.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and light intensity of a UHP lamp which is an example of the light source 20.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and light intensity of an LED lamp which is an example of the light source 20. 2 and 3, the vertical axis represents the light intensity, and the horizontal axis represents the light wavelength.
- the blue and green intensity peaks are 439 nm and 548 nm, respectively.
- the blue wavelength range used for image generation is 430 nm to 480 nm.
- the green wavelength range used for image generation is 520 nm to 580 nm.
- the red wavelength width used for image generation is 620 nm to 680 nm. The wavelength width of each of these colors is an example of a wavelength width that the observer recognizes as one color.
- the intensity peaks of blue, green, and red are 450 nm, 520 nm, and 630 nm, respectively.
- the blue wavelength range used for image generation is 440 nm to 475 nm.
- the green wavelength width used for image generation is 500 nm to 540 nm.
- the red wavelength width used for image generation is 620 nm to 635 nm. The wavelength width of each of these colors is an example of a wavelength width that the observer recognizes as one color.
- the blue, green, and red intensity peaks are 440 nm, 532 nm, and 638 nm, respectively.
- the blue wavelength range used for image generation is 420 nm to 460 nm.
- the green wavelength range used for image generation is 525 nm to 537 nm.
- the red wavelength range used for image generation is 618 nm to 680 nm.
- the wavelength width of each of these colors is an example of a wavelength width that the observer recognizes as one color.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of the polarization direction modulation by the polarization modulation element 42.
- the horizontal axis illustrated on the lower side indicates the wavelength
- each arrow illustrated on the upper side indicates the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the polarization modulation element 42.
- the polarized light whose polarization direction is transmitted through the polarization modulation element 42 is modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 into different polarization directions for each wavelength.
- the light with the shortest wavelength is modulated into linearly polarized light that vibrates in the vertical direction
- the light with the next shortest wavelength is modulated into elliptical polarized light that is long in the vertical direction and is clockwise.
- the light is modulated by the polarization modulator 42 into clockwise and counterclockwise circularly polarized light, counterclockwise elliptically polarized light, horizontally elongated elliptically polarized light, and horizontally polarized linearly polarized light. Is done.
- the light reaching the screen 12 via the polarization modulation element 42 includes a plurality of polarization directions for each primary color. Therefore, the polarization modulation element 42 of the projector 10 can reduce the variation in reflectance due to the screen 12 depending on the polarization direction.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an experimental apparatus used in the method for measuring the polarization direction.
- the light source 120 the polarizing plate 152, the polarization modulation element 42, the polarizing plate 154, and the luminance meter 156 described above were used.
- the light source 120 is configured to sequentially output light of 400 nm to 700 nm.
- the polarizing plate 152 has a vertical transmission axis. Accordingly, the polarizing plate 152 transmits only the vibration component in the vertical direction and the vicinity thereof among the vibration components of the light output from the light source 120.
- the polarizing plate 152 has a horizontal transmission axis. That is, the polarizing plate 152 and the polarizing plate 154 have transmission axes in directions orthogonal to each other.
- the polarizing plate 154 transmits only the vibration component in the horizontal direction and the vicinity thereof among the vibration components of the light modulated by the polarization modulator 42.
- the luminance meter 156 measures the intensity of light transmitted through the polarizing plate 154 for each wavelength.
- the light source 120 In measurement of the polarization direction, the light source 120 outputs light of 400 nm to 700 nm. The light is transmitted by the polarizing plate 152 as polarized light whose vertical direction is the polarization direction, and then the polarization direction is modulated by the polarization modulation element 42. Thereafter, of the modulated polarized light, polarized light oscillating in the horizontal direction is transmitted through the polarizing plate 154, and the intensity is measured by the luminance meter 156.
- the polarization modulation element 42 modulates the input light into polarized light having a different polarization direction for each wavelength and outputs the modulated light. Therefore, even if the light output from the light source 120 is constant regardless of the wavelength, the intensity of the light transmitted through the polarizing plate 154 differs for each wavelength. Therefore, the light measured by the luminance meter 156 has a different intensity for each wavelength.
- a specific description will be given with reference to experimental results.
- FIG. 6 is a graph obtained by measuring the intensity of light modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 having a phase difference film having a phase difference of 3100 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm.
- the retardation film is made of polycarbonate.
- the widths B, G, and R shown in FIG. 6 indicate the wavelength widths of blue, green, and red in the UHP lamp described above, respectively.
- the intensity of light differs for each wavelength. This means that the polarization direction differs for each wavelength.
- the linearly polarized light whose vertical polarization direction is changed by the polarizing plate 152 is modulated in a different polarization direction for each wavelength by the polarization modulation element 42, and the light transmission amount of the polarizing plate 152 is different for each wavelength.
- the shorter the wavelength the shorter the modulation period. This indicates that color unevenness due to a short wavelength color, that is, blue light can be further reduced.
- FIG. 7 is a graph obtained by measuring the intensity of light modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 having a phase difference film having a phase difference of 4100 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm.
- FIG. 8 is a graph obtained by measuring the intensity of light modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 having a phase difference film having a phase difference of 5100 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm.
- FIG. 9 is a graph obtained by measuring the intensity of light modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 having a retardation film having a retardation of 7200 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm.
- the retardation film 10 is a graph obtained by measuring the intensity of light modulated by the polarization modulator 42 having a retardation film having a retardation of 9300 nm with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm. 7 to 10, the retardation film is made of polycarbonate.
- the widths of B, G, and R are the same as those in FIG. 7 to 10, it can be seen that the linearly polarized light whose vertical polarization direction is changed by the polarizing plate 152 is modulated by the polarization modulation element 42 in different polarization directions for each wavelength. Accordingly, it can be seen that at least the polarization modulation element 42 having a phase difference of 3100 nm or more with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm can be modulated and output in different polarization directions for each wavelength. Further, comparing FIG. 6 to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the period becomes shorter as the phase difference of the polarization modulation element 42 becomes larger. This indicates that the color unevenness can be reduced as the phase difference of the polarization modulation element 42 increases.
- the modulation period is less than 1.5 periods in all the wavelength widths of the three primary colors.
- the difference in period is at most less than one period.
- the difference in period is at most less than one period.
- the difference in period included in the wavelength width between blue and red is about 1.0 period, about 1.3 period, and about 2.0 period, respectively.
- FIG. 11 is a front view for explaining points of the screen 12 on which the illuminance is measured.
- the illuminance was measured at nine points P1 to P9 on the screen 12.
- Point P5 is the approximate center of screen 12.
- the other points P1 to P4 and points P6 to P9 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions around the point P5.
- the illuminance at each point on the screen 12 was measured with a color illuminometer manufactured by Konica Minolta.
- the projector 10 of the experimental embodiment a 5100 nm retardation film was applied as the polarization modulation element 42.
- the illuminance was similarly measured for a comparative example without the polarization modulation element 42.
- the projector 10 and the comparative example of the embodiment are arranged below the screen 12.
- a straight line connecting the projector 10 and the comparative example and the upper end of the screen 12 is inclined downward by about 60 ° from the horizontal direction. In the horizontal direction, the distance between the projector 10 of the embodiment and the comparative example and the screen 12 is about 50 cm. In this state, the projector 10 and the comparative example of the embodiment irradiate the entire surface of the screen 12 with white light.
- FIG. 12 is a table of numerical values of illuminance measured by experiments. Moreover, the graph which plotted these experimental results is FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. FIG. 13 shows the illuminance at points P1 to P3 at the top of the screen 12. FIG. FIG. 14 shows the illuminance at points P4 to P6 in the middle of the screen 12. FIG. 15 shows the illuminance at points P 7 to P 9 at the bottom of the screen 12. 13 to 15, the horizontal axis x and the vertical axis y correspond to the x chromaticity coordinates and the y chromaticity coordinates of the xy chromaticity diagram defined by the CIE.
- the difference between the maximum illuminance in the horizontal direction and the minimum illuminance at the same vertical position is the x chromaticity coordinate and the y chromaticity coordinate. Regardless, all are 0.01 or less. Thereby, it can be seen that in the horizontal direction, the difference in illuminance, that is, the color unevenness does not appear so much.
- the maximum difference between the maximum illuminance in the vertical direction and the minimum illuminance of the y chromaticity coordinate at the same horizontal position is as large as 0.024. This is the difference between the point P1 and the point P7 at the left position in the y chromaticity coordinate of the comparative example.
- the maximum difference between the maximum illuminance in the vertical direction and the minimum illuminance of the y chromaticity coordinate at the same horizontal position is 0.011. This is the difference between the point P2 and the point P5 in the y chromaticity coordinates of the projector 10 of the embodiment.
- the minimum difference between the maximum illuminance in the vertical direction and the minimum illuminance of the y chromaticity coordinate at the same horizontal position is 0.014 at the right position. This is larger than the maximum difference 0.011 of the projector 10 of the above-described embodiment. Thereby, it can be seen that the projector 10 having the polarization modulation element 42 can extremely reduce color unevenness.
- the x chromaticity coordinate is smaller than the comparative example, but the y chromaticity coordinate is closer to 0.33 than the comparative example.
- the chromaticity can be improved to white.
- FIG. 16 is an overall configuration diagram of a projector 210 provided with another polarization modulation element 242.
- the polarization modulation element 242 includes a retardation film 46, an input side glass plate 262, and an output side glass plate 264.
- the retardation film 46 has the same configuration as the retardation film of the polarization modulation element 42.
- the input side glass plate 262 is provided on the input side of the image of the retardation film 46, that is, on one surface upstream of the optical path.
- the input side surface of the input side glass plate 262 has higher flatness than the input side surface of the retardation film 46.
- the output side glass plate 264 is provided on the image output side of the retardation film 46, that is, on one surface on the downstream side of the optical path.
- the output side surface of the output side glass plate 264 has higher flatness than the output side surface of the retardation film 46.
- the input side glass plate 262 and the output side glass plate 264 are made of an isotropic material that does not have birefringence with respect to the three primary colors.
- the projector 210 is provided with the input side glass plate 262 and the output side glass plate 264 on the input side and the output side of the retardation film 46, it is possible to suppress variation in the wavefront of the light output from the polarization modulation element 242.
- the glass plates are provided on both sides of the input / output surface of the retardation film 46
- the glass plate may be provided only on one surface. In this case, it is preferable to provide the output side glass plate 264 on the output side of the retardation film 46.
- the example in which the glass plate is provided on the surface of the retardation film 46 has been described.
- at least one of the input / output surfaces of the retardation film 46 preferably the surface on the output side, is more surface than the retardation film 46.
- a resin film with high flatness may be provided.
- at least one of the input / output surfaces of the retardation film 46, preferably the output side surface may be polished to improve flatness.
- FIG. 17 is an overall configuration diagram of a projector 310 provided with still another polarization modulation element 342.
- the polarization modulation element 342 includes a retardation film 46 and an output control unit 366.
- the output control unit 366 is disposed on the output side of the polarization beam splitter 40 and on the input side of the retardation film 46.
- the output control unit 366 outputs an image to a plurality of different positions by changing the polarization direction of the light output from the polarization beam splitter 40.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the polarization modulation element 342.
- the output control unit 366 of the polarization modulation element 342 includes a polarization control unit 370 and a position changing unit 372.
- As the polarization controller 370 a liquid crystal panel or the like can be applied.
- the polarization controller 370 controls the polarization direction of the light output from the polarization beam splitter 40. Specifically, the polarization controller 370 outputs the input light while maintaining the polarization direction of the input light, and outputs the input light after rotating the polarization direction of the light by 90 °.
- the position changing unit 372 includes a material having birefringence. Thereby, the position change part 372 outputs the light of a different polarization direction to a different position.
- the position changing unit 372 refracts the light on both sides and changes the position while changing the position.
- Light is output in a substantially parallel state. Thereby, light is output in a state where the position is changed from the first position.
- the position of the image output in this state is set as the second position.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the first position and the second position of the pixels projected by the output control unit 366.
- each circle represents one pixel included in the image projected on the screen 12.
- a circle with dot hatching is designated as a pixel PX1 at the first position, and a circle without dot hatching is designated as a pixel PX2 at a second position.
- the pitch of the pixels PX1 at the first position is “Pt”.
- the pitch of the pixels at the first position is the same as the pitch of the pixels at the second position.
- the pixel PX2 at the second position whose position has been changed by the output control unit 366 is projected at a position shifted by 1/2 pitch Pt in the horizontal direction with respect to the pixel PX1 at the first position. Accordingly, each pixel PX2 at the second position is projected between the pixel PX1 and the pixel PX1 at the first position. In other words, the pixel at the second position complements the pixel at the first position.
- the output control unit 366 changes the polarization direction every 1/30 seconds, the pixels are alternately projected onto the first position and the second position every 1/30 seconds.
- the projector 10 can provide an observer with a high-quality image having twice the number of pixels.
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the light intensity when a retardation film of a polarization modulation element is formed of polycarbonate.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the light intensity when a retardation film of a polarization modulation element is formed of a polyolefin-based resin. 20 and 21 show the results of simulations under the same conditions except for the material of the retardation film. In the simulations of FIGS. 20 and 21, a retardation film having a retardation of 5100 nm is applied.
- the modulation periods included in the blue, green, and red wavelength widths are about 1.9 periods, about 1.2 periods, and about 0.8 periods, respectively. is there.
- the modulation periods included in the wavelength widths of blue, green, and red are about 1.2 periods, about 1 period, and about 0.2 mm, respectively. 8 periods.
- the difference in the modulation period within the wavelength widths of the three primary colors is within one period in both the polycarbonate and polyolefin resins.
- the polarization modulation element has only one retardation film, but a plurality of retardation films having different characteristics may be provided in the polarization modulation element.
- a polarizing film is provided with a retardation film in which the modulation period in the polarization direction becomes longer as the wavelength becomes longer, and a retardation film in which the modulation period in the polarization direction becomes shorter as the wavelength becomes longer.
- a ⁇ / 4 wavelength plate may be provided between the polarization modulation element 42 and the polarization beam splitter 40.
- the light input to the polarization modulation element 42 is circularly polarized light, and the polarization modulation element 42 modulates this circularly polarized light into polarized light having a different polarization direction.
- a projector that forms a color image with three primary colors has been described.
- the polarization modulation element described above may be applied to a projector that forms a color image with two primary colors or four or more primary colors.
- wavelength width of one primary color or two primary colors includes one or more modulation periods of each primary color
- each of the three primary color modulation periods may include one or more periods.
Abstract
Description
[特許文献1] 特開2011-221303号公報 There is known a display device that projects an image including polarized light on a screen and displays the image by reflected light from the screen (see, for example, Patent Document 1). There is also known a display device that projects an image from an inclined direction with respect to the normal line of the screen and enables projection onto the screen at a short distance.
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-221303
12 スクリーン
20 光源
22 ダイクロイックミラー
24 ダイクロイックミラー
26 反射ミラー
28 反射ミラー
30 反射ミラー
32 集光レンズ
34 青用液晶パネル
36 緑用液晶パネル
38 赤用液晶パネル
40 偏光ビームスプリッタ
42 偏光変調素子
44 投影レンズ
46 位相差フィルム
120 光源
152 偏光板
154 偏光板
156 輝度計
210 プロジェクタ
242 偏光変調素子
262 入力側ガラス板
264 出力側ガラス板
310 プロジェクタ
342 偏光変調素子
366 出力制御部
370 偏光制御部
372 位置変更部 DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (13)
- カラーを構成する複数の原色の画像が入力され、前記画像の偏光状態を変調して出力する偏光変調素子であって、
前記複数の原色の少なくともいずれかの原色の波長幅について、一の偏光状態が入力された場合に、波長毎に互いに異なる偏光状態に変調して出力する偏光変調素子。 A polarization modulation element that receives a plurality of primary color images constituting a color and modulates and outputs the polarization state of the image,
A polarization modulation element that modulates and outputs a different polarization state for each wavelength when one polarization state is input for a wavelength width of at least one of the plurality of primary colors. - 偏光状態は波長に対して周期的に変調するとともに、前記複数の原色の少なくともいずれかの原色の波長幅内に、変調の周期が1周期以上含まれる
請求項1に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein the polarization state is periodically modulated with respect to the wavelength, and one or more modulation periods are included in a wavelength width of at least one of the plurality of primary colors. - 前記原色のうち、緑色の波長幅内に、変調の周期が1周期以上含まれる
請求項1または2に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein one or more modulation periods are included in a green wavelength width of the primary colors. - 前記複数の原色の全てにおいて、それぞれの波長幅内に変調の周期が1周期以上含まれる
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 4. The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein in all of the plurality of primary colors, one or more modulation periods are included in each wavelength width. 5. - 前記複数の原色間で、各波長幅内の周期の差が、互いに1周期以内である
請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 4. The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein a difference in period within each wavelength width is within one period between the plurality of primary colors. 5. - 前記偏光変調素子は、580nmの波長の光に対して、3100nm以上の位相差を有する
請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulation element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polarization modulation element has a phase difference of 3100 nm or more with respect to light having a wavelength of 580 nm. - 前記偏光変調素子は、偏光の偏光状態を異ならせるポリオレフィン系の樹脂の位相差フィルムを有する
請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 7. The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein the polarization modulation element includes a polyolefin resin retardation film that changes a polarization state of polarized light. - 前記偏光変調素子は、
偏光の偏光状態を異ならせる位相差フィルムと、
前記位相差フィルムの前記画像の入力側及び出力側の面のうち、少なくとも一方の面に設けられ、前記位相差フィルムよりも表面の平坦性が高い等方性のガラス板と
を備える請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulator is
A retardation film that changes the polarization state of polarized light;
2. An isotropic glass plate provided on at least one of the input side and output side surfaces of the image of the retardation film and having a surface flatness higher than that of the retardation film. The polarization modulation element according to claim 7. - 前記偏光変調素子は、偏光の偏光状態を異ならせる位相差フィルムを備え、
前記位相差フィルムの表面は研磨されている
請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulation element includes a retardation film that changes the polarization state of polarized light,
The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the retardation film is polished. - 前記偏光変調素子は、偏光の偏光状態を異ならせる位相差フィルムと、
前記位相差フィルムの入力側に配置され、前記画像を複数の異なる位置に出力する出力制御部と
を備える請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 The polarization modulator is a retardation film that changes the polarization state of polarized light, and
The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, further comprising: an output control unit that is disposed on an input side of the retardation film and outputs the image to a plurality of different positions. - 観察者が一色と認識する波長幅内に、波長に基づく偏光状態の変調の周期が1周期以上含まれる
請求項1から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子。 11. The polarization modulation element according to claim 1, wherein the period of polarization modulation based on the wavelength is included in one or more periods within a wavelength width that the observer recognizes as one color. - 請求項1から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子と、
前記偏光変調素子の入力側に配置され、前記複数の原色の前記画像を結合させて、前記偏光変調素子へと出力するビームスプリッタと
を備える光学部材。 The polarization modulator according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
An optical member comprising: a beam splitter disposed on the input side of the polarization modulation element and combining the images of the plurality of primary colors and outputting the combined image to the polarization modulation element. - 請求項1から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の偏光変調素子と、
前記偏光変調素子の入力側に配置され、前記複数の原色の前記画像を結合させて、前記偏光変調素子へと出力する偏光ビームスプリッタと、
前記複数の原色の光によって前記画像を生成する画像生成部と、
前記画像生成部に複数の原色の光を供給する光源と
を備えるプロジェクタ。 The polarization modulator according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A polarization beam splitter disposed on the input side of the polarization modulation element, combining the images of the plurality of primary colors and outputting the combined image to the polarization modulation element;
An image generation unit that generates the image with the light of the plurality of primary colors;
A projector comprising: a light source that supplies light of a plurality of primary colors to the image generator.
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JPWO2015140980A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2017-04-06 | Necディスプレイソリューションズ株式会社 | Projection display device and projection method for projection display device |
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JPH06160628A (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1994-06-07 | Fujitsu Ltd | Phase difference plate and projection type display device |
JP2004004502A (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-01-08 | Sharp Corp | Optical apparatus and display apparatus |
JP2009198637A (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-09-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Projector |
JP2010160307A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-22 | Seiko Epson Corp | Optical element and image display device |
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JPH0463332A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-02-28 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Projection display device |
JPH06160628A (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1994-06-07 | Fujitsu Ltd | Phase difference plate and projection type display device |
JP2004004502A (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-01-08 | Sharp Corp | Optical apparatus and display apparatus |
JP2009198637A (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2009-09-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Projector |
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