WO2013085116A1

WO2013085116A1 - Heating form heated by microwaves and construction method of concrete structure

Info

Publication number: WO2013085116A1
Application number: PCT/KR2012/002433
Authority: WO
Inventors: 고태훈; 황선근; 사공명; 심원보
Original assignee: 한국철도기술연구원; 주식회사 진인
Priority date: 2011-12-07
Filing date: 2012-03-31
Publication date: 2013-06-13

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat form which is heated by microwaves and a construction method of a concrete structure using the same. More specifically, a form is heated by radiating microwaves so as to reduce the initial hydration time of concrete when manufacturing a bridge foundation structure such as a pier and an abutment, pre-cast concrete, a building structure such as an apartment or a building, a tunnel lining, and a concrete structure such as mass concrete or the like. Therefore, a novel concept of a heat form and a construction method of a concrete structure for use thereof are provided, wherein the concrete may be effectively cured in a low atmospheric temperature period such as winter such that the construction period of a concrete structure can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Heating formwork generated by microwaves and construction method of concrete structures using the same

The present invention relates to a heating formwork generated by microwaves and a construction method of a concrete structure using the same, more specifically, bridge foundation structure such as bridges, bridges, building structures such as apartments and buildings, tunnel linings, road concrete structures In the manufacturing process, by heating the formwork by microwave irradiation, the initial hydration time of the concrete placed inside the formwork is shortened, and it is possible to cure the concrete even during the low outdoor temperature period during the four seasons. It relates to a heating formwork that can be significantly shortened and a construction method of a concrete structure using the same.

A form is a temporary facility used for the period from the manufacture of a concrete structure until the concrete hardens. As it is a temporary facility, it is common to separate and reuse the concrete when curing is completed. Concrete structures may be mass-produced at a factory or manufactured at a construction site according to their type or need, and formwork is necessary to accurately secure the shape and dimensions of concrete structures, whether they are mass-produced or manufactured at a factory.

In general, a method of manufacturing a concrete structure using the existing formwork, install the formwork in the form of the concrete structure to be manufactured, and install a reinforcing bar assembly therein, and then after the concrete is poured and cured.

Curing time is the most important factor in the construction period in the manufacturing process of concrete structures using such formwork. In other words, the longer the curing time, the longer the construction period, which causes the increase in the construction cost. In particular, when the outside temperature is low, such as winter or rainy weather, curing takes a long time, so the construction period becomes longer, resulting in an increase in overall construction costs and difficulty in satisfying delivery deadlines. In addition, in the case of winter, there is a problem in securing the quality of concrete due to delayed hydration reaction, so that additional additives or the like may not be performed.

In manufacturing high buildings such as bridges and buildings, it is common to use formwork in the form of Euro form, slip form or climbing form, which cure concrete structures from below. There is a problem that the entire construction period is long because the time for one curing lasts very long. This problem occurs more particularly when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter. Conventionally, in order to shorten the construction period, a construction method of incorporating a heating wire into the formwork and heating it has been used, or a method of raising the formwork surface and the ambient external temperature by using a hot air fan, a stove, and steam. However, the method of raising the temperature using the heating wire requires additional electric work because the heating wire must be installed in the formwork, and there is a problem in that a large amount of electricity is consumed since the electricity must be continuously supplied to the heating wire. The heating wire had to be dismantled, but there was a problem that the dismantling work was complicated. In addition, in order to raise the surface of the formwork and the external temperature by the hot air fan, stove, steam, etc., a huge amount of oil, gas and electricity are consumed to operate the hot air fan, stove, boiler, etc. There was a problem that there is a possibility of environmental pollution. Therefore, these problems caused the air to become longer in winter, such as stopping concrete casting and curing for the construction of concrete structures such as piers or buildings.

For example, in the related art, Korean Patent No. 10-0886724 discloses a concrete quality even when the temperature or water temperature is low in winter by applying hot air to the space between the curing pipe and the cast-in-place pile. It proposes a method for efficiently proceeding with the construction, but there is a problem that the fuel and power consumption is excessive due to the need to supply hot air.

In addition, the Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0901397 proposes a technique for curing the properties of the concrete uniformly using the heating wire, and in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2005-0119483 the electric heating sheet that generates heat by the electrical resistance It is proposed a method to protect concrete from the initial East Sea during the concrete pouring and curing in winter, and to secure the required strength.In Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0915501, heat can be generated by heating wire during the construction of the winter tunnel. By controlling the dynamic sea of the cast concrete, it is possible to make curing easier and, therefore, a method for securing the desired initial strength and high quality quality is proposed. However, the above method is a method that uses a heating wire, the installation of the heating wire is complicated, excessive facility costs, excessive power consumption was limited in the actual field application.

In addition, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-00325292 discloses a method for constructing a building formwork, by which a plurality of formwork insulation panels and a connecting bar longer than the formwork insulation panel width can be easily and easily constructed at low cost. It proposes a method, but it is different from the purpose for concrete construction when the outside temperature is low, such as winter.

Therefore, if a method is developed to increase the temperature of the formwork without using enormous amount of electricity, oil, gas, etc., the construction time can be shortened due to the curing of concrete. It will be possible to shorten the construction period and thus to reduce the construction cost of the concrete structure will be a milestone in the manufacture of concrete structures.

The present invention has been developed to solve the above problems, can be attached to the outer panel of the existing steel formwork by heating the surface of the existing steel formwork to transfer heat to the inner concrete to forcibly induce the initial hydration of the concrete The purpose is to provide a fever formwork.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to significantly reduce the power consumption as compared to the conventional method using a heating wire, installation is very simple without the need for a separate heating wire wiring, and to facilitate the initial hydration of concrete and hot air or stove and As it does not require a separate facility using fuels, it is possible to secure economical efficiency by reducing fuel costs and facility costs, and at the same time there is no generation of toxic gases, thus ensuring safety for workers and low carbon and eco-friendly. To provide a high-efficiency heating formwork and construction method of the concrete structure using the same.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention

Microwave generators;

A waveguide receiving the microwaves from the microwave generator and transferring the microwaves into the housing;

A housing for diffusely reflecting the microwaves delivered to the waveguide; And

It is included on the opposite side of the waveguide inside the housing, the heat generating portion which is transmitted from the waveguide absorbs the microwaves diffusely reflected inside the housing to generate heat and heat the surface of the steel formwork or concrete to be heated by this heat

It provides a heat generating form that is generated by the microwave, characterized in that it comprises a.

In addition, the present invention is the use of heat-generating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention, such as bridge foundation structures such as bridges, shifts, precast concrete, building walls and slabs, tunnel concrete lining, mass concrete (mass concrete) Provides a method for constructing concrete structures.

Referring to the features and advantages of the exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention.

1. The module form heating formwork including the heating part generated by microwave is attached to the existing steel formwork, so no complicated electric wiring work such as heating wire work is needed. In addition, the heating formwork according to the present invention can be used in direct contact with or close to the concrete without existing steel formwork, depending on the need or use. This simplifies work and significantly improves workability.

2. In addition, the exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention reaches a desired temperature even after only a few minutes to several tens of minutes to reach a desired temperature, and the temperature gradually drops thereafter, so that electricity is continuously maintained to maintain a set temperature. Since it does not need to be put in place, the power consumption can be significantly reduced compared to the existing heating method, thereby maximizing energy efficiency.

3. The heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention can be easily changed in accordance with the form of the steel formwork can be used freely in any form of production existing formwork work proceeds, such as indoor production or outdoor production Applicability is excellent.

4. The exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention can be applied irrespective of the external temperature, so it is effective to shorten the construction period especially in the case of low outside air temperature such as winter, when concrete curing takes a long time.

5. The heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention is not only effective in promoting curing of concrete produced in an external environment such as a building or a pier, but also used in an internal environment such as building interior walls, building floors, tunnel linings, and the like. It is also effective in thermal insulation curing. Therefore, it is possible to replace the existing lignite stove or hot air fan, so that safety and environmental problems do not occur, and there is no need to consume fuel such as oil or gas, thereby reducing the construction cost, thereby enabling economical construction.

6. In the case of the existing winter concrete curing method, the internal temperature is hard to be kept constant and the durability of the concrete tends to be weakened due to the east sea. However, when the construction method according to the present invention is used, the internal temperature is kept constant. It is also effective in securing the quality of concrete such as steel and rigidity.

7. The exothermic formwork according to the present invention can also be applied to the curing of mass concrete, in this case it can prevent or minimize the occurrence of cracks due to the difference between the internal and external hydration heat that was a problem in the existing mass concrete.

1 is a flow chart showing the construction process of a concrete structure in the middle of winter (winter, etc.) using the existing general formwork.

Figure 2a is a perspective view showing a heat generating formwork module generated by the microwave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2b is a side cross-sectional view showing a heat generating formwork module generated by the microwave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a perspective view illustrating a heat generating part in which a heat generating material is supported by a non-heat generating material in a heat generating form generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4A and 4B are side and plan views respectively illustrating curing of concrete pier using a heating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a state diagram illustrating curing precast concrete using a heat generating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6a is a state diagram showing the process of curing the concrete of the outer wall of the building using a heat generating formwork module generated by the microwave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6b is a state diagram showing a process of curing the floor slab concrete of the building using a heating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7A and 7B are front and perspective views respectively illustrating a process of curing lining concrete inside a tunnel by using a heat generating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention.

1 is a flow chart showing the construction process of a concrete structure in the middle of winter (winter, etc.) using the existing general formwork. In the conventional method, after manufacturing and installing the formwork, placing and compacting the concrete inside, blocking the outside air with the insulation sheet, curing the insulation and the rapid heat using heating wire or hot air fan, and then dismantle the form when the required strength for dismantling the form is confirmed. The healing process was carried out. At this time, in the case of the heating wire, the heating wire wiring work is complicated, the field applicability is inferior, and the heating device such as a hot air heater has a problem of excessive fuel consumption.

2A is a perspective view illustrating a heat generating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view thereof.

As shown in Figures 2a to 2b, the heating dies generated by the microwave according to the present invention includes a microwave generator 15; A waveguide 16 receiving microwaves from the microwave generator 15 and transferring the microwaves into the housing 17; A housing (17) for diffusely reflecting the microwaves transmitted to the waveguide (16); And a heat generating unit 18 included in the housing opposite to the waveguide and absorbing microwaves transmitted from the waveguide to generate diffuse heat to generate heat, and heat the surface of the steel formwork or concrete to be heated by the heat. It is configured to include.

In the heating form generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the outer panel of the heating portion 18 is attached to the surface of the target concrete or steel formwork to heat the surface of the target concrete and the other side is connected to the housing 17 It is composed.

In the heating die generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the waveguide 16 is preferably connected to the outside of the housing 17 and the heat generating unit 18 is preferably modularized in the form mounted inside the housing. In this case, the module 100 may further include an outer case 20 having a box shape to protect the internal device. In actual construction, such a module-type heat formwork may be attached to the steel formwork in the field as it is, or in some cases, the module may be used as it is without the steel formwork.

In the exothermic form of heat generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the material of the waveguide 16 is preferably steel, aluminum, or copper, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and any material capable of effectively reflecting microwaves is limited. Can be used without.

In the heat generating form generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the housing 17 has a tapered structure having a wider width of the portion connected to the heat generating portion than the width of the portion connected to the waveguide 16. It is preferable. In this case, the diffused reflection of the microwave occurs smoothly and the microwaves can be irradiated to the heat generating unit 18 as a whole, thereby causing heat generation evenly. However, it is not necessarily a tapered structure, but a rectangular housing is also possible. (See the right view of FIGS. 2A and 2B)

In the heating die generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the microwave generator 15 may include a high voltage transformer and a magnetron, and may further include a high voltage capacitor and a high voltage diode. have. The high voltage transformer converts a commercial AC voltage input from the outside into a high voltage suitable for high frequency generation (for example, about 4 kilovolts [kV]) and applies it to the magnetron. To generate microwaves.

Microwave frequency should use ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) frequency, but it is preferable to use 2,450 MHz band mainly to take advantage of parts supply and smoothness, but not limited to this, 300MHz ~ depending on the purpose Microwaves having a frequency in the 300 GHz region can be variously used.

When the magnetron is driven, a cooling fan is installed around the magnetron to cool the high heat generated from the magnetron, the cooling fan is connected to the fan motor, and when a commercial AC voltage is applied to the fan motor, the fan motor is operated. The cooling fan is driven by the fan motor to blow external cold air to the magnetron, thereby cooling the high heat generated in the magnetron. In some cases, however, a cooling fan may be excluded when an individual cooling device is not required, such as when using another device for cooling the magnetron or when exposed to the outside.

The microwave generator 15 is fixed to one of the side, top and bottom surfaces of one end of the waveguide 16 by a fixing bracket, and one end of the waveguide 15 by a connecting tube protruding from the microwave generator 15. By being communicatively coupled to, the microwave generated from the microwave generator 15 can be delivered to one end of the waveguide 16. It is also possible to connect the waveguide long so that the microwaves are evenly transmitted throughout the housing.

In the heat generating form generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the waveguide 16 may be exposed to the outside of the housing 17 or may be embedded in the inside of the housing. When exposed to the outside, the microwave generator 15 may be installed on one side, the upper surface, or the lower surface of the exposed waveguide 16. In addition, when embedded in the inside of the housing 17 may not be exposed to the outside. At this time, it is preferable that the front end of the embedded waveguide 16 has a tapered structure in order to smooth the diffuse reflection of the microwaves. The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide 16 may be any shape such as a rectangular shape, a circular shape or a triangular shape, and the like is not particularly limited but may be selected and used according to the use or need.

In the heat generating form heat generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the heat insulating portion 19 may be further included on one side opposite to the heating target of the heat generating portion. The material of the heat insulating portion 19 is a material that can pass as it is without absorbing microwaves and is heat resistant, and specific examples thereof include glass wool, concrete, gypsum, heat resistant plastic, heat resistant ceramic, heat resistant paper or stone powder. Etc. may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the heat generating form generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the heat generating portion 18 is configured in a form in which the non-heating material 31 supports the heat generating material 30 and each heat generating material is separated from each other. In this case, the non-heat generating material may be glass wool, concrete, gypsum, heat-resistant plastic, heat-resistant ceramic, heat-resistant paper or stone powder, but is not limited thereto. no. In addition, the outer surface of the heat generating unit 18 may further include a panel (panel) (10). In this case, the material of the panel 10 is preferably a material capable of dispersing the generated heat, and specific examples thereof may be steel, aluminum, or copper, but are not limited thereto.

In the heat generating form generated by the microwave according to the present invention, the heat generating unit 18 uses a ceramic material that is generated by microwaves of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. For such a material, the present inventors can use the material proposed through a separate Korean patent application (10-2011-0032313) as it is. The information described in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0032313 should be construed as being included in the present invention by reference. The heating material described in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0032313 refers to a metal oxide-containing composition containing at least 4% by weight of one or more iron oxide compounds of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O _4, and FeO, and such materials are 300 MHz to 300 GHz. The microwave can be used to generate heat up to high temperature in a short time, so it is suitable for use in the exothermic formwork according to the present invention. In addition, in the present invention, in addition to the heating material described in the Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0032313, a material such as water, oil, carbon, and SiC may be additionally included in the heating part. In addition, it is to be interpreted that the material of the heat generating part used in the present invention includes any material capable of generating heat by microwaves such as water, oil, carbon, SiC, or the like as used alone or in combination. In the present invention, a material that can be generated by microwaves is referred to as microwave-irradiated pyrogen (MIP).

The structure, shape, material, and the like of the exothermic formwork generated by the microwaves according to the present invention have been described in detail above.

Hereinafter, the specific use of the exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention will be described.

4A to 7 show the curing of the concrete structure using the heat generating formwork generated by the microwave according to the invention for each application. Hereinafter, each application will be described in detail.

4A and 4B are side views and plan views illustrating curing of bridge foundation structures such as concrete bridge piers and bridges using heat generating formwork modules generated by microwaves according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 4a and 4b, in the manufacture of bridge foundations, such as concrete bridges, bridges, the concrete is poured into the formwork for the fabrication of the bridge foundation structure and directly in accordance with the present invention to the outer panel or cast concrete of the formwork It is possible to promote the initial hydration of concrete by attaching a heating formwork generated by microwaves to supply power and generate heat. In this case, the shape of the heat generating formwork can be variously modified according to the size, shape, use, etc. of the bridge foundation structure to be manufactured, and the number of waveguides can also be used including one or more. In addition, the heating formwork may be attached to only one side of the desired bridge foundation structure or may be attached to two or more sides, and in the case of circular piers, by attaching the heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention around the circumference It can also promote concrete curing.

5 is a state diagram illustrating a process of curing precast concrete using a heat generating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention. Conventionally, steam curing has been mainly used as a method for promoting curing of precast concrete. The existing steam curing method used the method of raising the temperature by installing the formwork, laying concrete inside the formwork, covering the concrete structure with the curing cloth, and then supplying steam generated from the water boiled by the boiler into the curing state. . In the steam curing method, since a steam is generated by using a boiler, a huge amount of fuel and electricity such as oil and gas are used, and a considerable amount of generated steam leaks between the gaps of the curing cloth, thereby decreasing efficiency.

In manufacturing precast concrete using the heating formwork generated by the microwaves according to the present invention, after inserting and attaching the heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention to each partition of the formwork for preparing precast concrete, The initial hydration of concrete can be promoted by applying heat to generate heat. Exothermic form heat generated by the microwave according to the present invention curing the concrete using the high heat generated from the ceramic material by the irradiation of microwaves, oil, gas, etc. for boiler operation as compared to the precast concrete manufacturing method using the conventional steam curing method It is possible to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of precast concrete because it does not need to use fuel, and can be applied not only to the factory production but also on-site production, thereby significantly reducing the construction cost.

6A is a state diagram illustrating a process of curing concrete of an exterior wall of a building by using a heat generating formwork module generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B illustrates heat generated by microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a state diagram showing the process of curing the slab concrete of the floor of the building using the heating formwork module.

In the prior art, a method of using a heating wire and a method of working with the outside air blocked by a supplementary film have been proposed in order to accelerate and cure concrete of the outer wall of a building, but a method using a heating wire requires a complicated heating wire work. There was a problem in that it was not easy and excessive amount of power was consumed, and there was a problem of excessive fuel consumption and environmental problem in the case of using the maintenance film.

In the present invention, in the construction of the building, the steel formwork (for example, gang form) installed on the outer wall of the building and the steel formwork (for example, euro form, aluminum foam, etc.) installed on the inner wall of the building in the present invention It is possible to promote the initial curing of the concrete by attaching a heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the integrated or detachable module form by supplying power to generate heat. Therefore, there is an advantage that the operation is easy, and the temperature rises quickly due to the characteristics of the heat generating material, and the temperature once raised gradually decreases so as not to consume excessive power to maintain the set temperature.

In addition, it is effective when used for thermal curing as well as promoting curing in wall or floor slab concrete inside the building. In the conventional method, the insulation film 140 is installed to block the outside air for thermal insulation curing of the building inner wall concrete or floor slab concrete 130, and the interior of the insulation film is about 10 ° C. using a lignite stove or a hot air fan inside. The method of keeping heat and maintaining heat was used. In this conventional method, the use of lignite produces toxic gas, which may threaten the safety of the worker, and may cause civil complaints in urban areas, and in the case of hot air, fuel such as oil or gas is consumed enormously. There was a problem that the cause of the rise and requires a separate manpower and equipment for transporting oil or gas.

The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to insulate the curing without using the existing lignite stove or hot air in the heat insulation curing of the building interior wall or floor slab concrete. In other words, dismantle the existing formwork on the building wall undergoing the initial curing and attach the heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention can be insulated curing, in the case of the floor surface in accordance with the present invention The heating formwork generated by the microwave can be attached or buoyed closely using a crane or the like, and the power can be supplied thereto to proceed to the process of thermally curing the upper slab concrete.

7A and 7B are front and perspective views illustrating a process of curing lining concrete in a tunnel using a module according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively.

In constructing the tunnel concrete lining using the heating formwork generated by the microwaves according to the present invention, the heating formwork 100 generated by the microwaves according to the present invention is formed in the partition 36 of the form body 35. Concrete which is attached between the tunnel wall surface and the formwork body by attaching to the inner panel of (36) and applying power to the heating formwork generated by the microwave to heat the partition surface of the formwork body with heat generated from the heat generating portion. Forced heating of C) promotes hydration. The exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention not only promotes initial hydration of the concrete, but also serves to insulate the concrete until the form body moves to the next section.

In the prior art, a method of using heating wires has been suggested in order to accelerate and cure concrete. However, in the case of the method using heating wires, complicated heating wire work is required, which makes it difficult to work and consumes excessive amounts of power. There was a problem that the work for dismantling the formwork afterwards was complicated.

In the present invention, by simply attaching the heating formwork 100 generated by the microwave according to the present invention to each partition 36 of the tunnel formwork body 35 in the form of a module and supplying power, the operation is easy. And, due to the characteristics of the heat generating material, the temperature rises quickly and the once elevated temperature is gradually lowered, so there is an advantage of not consuming excessive power to maintain the set temperature. In addition, the quality of the cured concrete, such as strength or durability can also satisfy the required quality or more.

In addition, after the tunnel construction is completed, the heat generating formwork module 100 only needs to be separated from the partition 36 of the formwork body 35, so that no complicated work for separation and disassembly is required, and the formwork body can be easily reused.

In addition, the exothermic formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention may be utilized for curing of mass concrete.

Mass concrete generally refers to concrete structures with particularly large dimensions, such as concrete dams, nuclear power plants, or large-scale expansion foundations where thermal cracking is a problem. It is recognized that the structure that needs to examine the heat of hydration due to the increase of the strength and the increase of the used cement is also included.

Such mass concrete is regarded as mass concrete of more than 0.8m in the case of wide plate structure or columnar member, and 0.5m or more in the case of wall type structure in which the bottom is constrained.

Since the mass concrete is in contact with the atmosphere during curing, heat dissipation to the outside air is active, whereas the heat dissipation is insufficient in the interior. This occurs and cracks are generated on the surface of the structure, and in the process of temperature drop after hydration is terminated, there is a problem that through cracks due to the difference in shrinkage strain tend to occur when the outside is constrained.

Therefore, if the temperature of the concrete surface can be maintained at the same or similar to the temperature inside the concrete, it will be possible to prevent or minimize the surface cracks and through cracks caused by this expansion or contraction strain difference.

When the heating formwork according to the present invention is used in the curing process of the mass concrete, the surface of the hydration process of the concrete is maintained by maintaining the uniform internal and external expansion strain by maintaining the same temperature as the external concrete during the hydration of the concrete The cracks can be prevented, and deformations generated during shrinkage after the hydration of concrete can be minimized by maintaining constant temperature inside and outside the concrete.

This is to maintain the heating form according to the present invention without demolding during the curing process of the mass concrete, by adjusting the temperature of the heating form to maintain the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the mass concrete of the internal and surface temperature of the mass concrete By preventing the difference from occurring, it is possible to prevent or minimize the occurrence of cracking due to the heat of hydration.

Heat generation form heat generated by the microwave according to the present invention when the outdoor air temperature is low, such as in winter when used in bridge foundation structures, such as bridges, bridges that require early curing of concrete, precast concrete, concrete buildings, tunnel concrete lining, mass concrete, etc. Even though early hydration is promoted, concrete can be poured and cured even during periods of low outside temperature, such as winter, which can significantly shorten the air.

As described above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention can be variously modified and changed by those skilled in the art and such variations and modifications should be construed as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. something to do.

The curing process of concrete using heat generating formwork generated by microwaves according to the present invention is divided into bridge foundation structures such as bridge piers, shifts, precast concrete, building walls and floors, tunnel concrete lining, and mass concrete. Explained. However, the concrete is not limited to the above applications, but concrete is needed by using formwork such as roads, sidewalk blocks, waterways, breakwaters, retaining walls, box structures, etc., where concrete needs to be cured, especially in winter. It can be applied to all areas of curing, and it is expected to be able to effectively reduce construction costs by shortening the air, since the construction of Korea-China can be effectively carried out, such as winter, which was previously considered difficult.

The heating formwork generated by the microwave according to the present invention has a great effect in winter construction, but is not limited to curing the concrete in the summer when used during a long period of concrete curing period due to low temperature, such as spring or autumn You can see almost the same effect. In addition, it is expected that even if it is necessary to further accelerate the curing time in summer.

Claims

A microwave generator 15;
A waveguide (16) for receiving microwaves from the microwave generator and transferring the microwaves into the housing;
A housing 17 which diffusely reflects the microwaves delivered to the waveguide; And
It is included in the housing on the opposite side of the waveguide, the heat generating portion 18 which is transmitted from the waveguide absorbs the microwaves diffusely reflected inside the housing to generate heat and heat the surface of the steel formwork or concrete to be heated by the heat
Exothermic formwork generated by the microwave, characterized in that comprising a.
The heat generating form according to claim 1, wherein one of the heat generating units (18) is attached to the surface of the target concrete to heat the surface of the target concrete and the other is connected to the housing (17).
The heat generating part of claim 1, wherein the waveguide (16) is connected to the outside of the housing (17) and the heat generating part (18) is modularized in a form mounted on the inside of the housing (17). Formwork.
The heat generating die generated by microwaves according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide is made of steel, aluminum, or copper.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the housing 17 is heat generated by the microwave, characterized in that the tapered structure having a wider width of the portion connected to the heat generating portion than the width of the portion connected to the waveguide 16 Fever dies.
The exothermic formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generator (15) comprises a high voltage transformer and a magnetron.
The method of claim 6, wherein a cooling fan is installed around the magnetron, the cooling fan is connected to the fan motor, and when a commercial AC voltage is applied to the fan motor from outside, the cooling fan is driven by the fan motor while the fan motor is operated. The exothermic form heat generated by the microwaves, characterized in that configured to cool the high heat generated in the magnetron by blowing external cold air to the magnetron.
The method of claim 1, wherein the waveguide 16 is exposed to the outside of the housing 17, the heat generating die generated by the microwave, characterized in that the microwave generator is installed on one side, the upper surface or the lower surface of the exposed waveguide. .
2. The exothermic formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide is embedded inside the housing and is not exposed to the outside. 3.
The extruded form of heat generated by microwaves according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide is rectangular, circular or triangular.
2. The exothermic formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulation part 19 is further included on one side of the heat generating part 18 opposite to the heating target.
12. The exothermic formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 11, characterized in that the material of the heat insulating portion (19) is glass wool, concrete, gypsum, heat resistant plastic, heat resistant ceramic, heat resistant paper or stone powder.
The method of claim 1, wherein the heat generating unit 18 is characterized in that the non-heating material 31 is supported by the heat generating material 30 is formed in a form that each of the heat generating material 30 is separated from each other Fever dies, generated by microwaves.
14. The exothermic formwork of claim 13, wherein the non-heating material (31) is glass wool, concrete, gypsum, heat-resistant plastic, heat-resistant ceramic, heat-resistant paper or stone powder.
The heating die of claim 1, further comprising a panel (10) on an upper surface of the heat generating part (18).
16. The exothermic formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 15, wherein the material of the panel (10) is steel, aluminum or copper.
Promoting the initial hydration of concrete by placing concrete inside the formwork for the manufacture of bridge foundation structures and by attaching a heating formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 1 directly to the outer panel or the concrete of the formwork to supply power and generate heat. Method for producing a concrete bridge foundation structure using a heating formwork generated by microwaves comprising a.
Microwaves comprising the step of inserting the heating formwork generated by the microwave according to claim 1 to each partition of the formwork for manufacturing precast concrete, and after the concrete is poured and by applying power to generate heat to promote the initial hydration of concrete Method for producing precast concrete using a heating formwork generated by heat.
The initial form of concrete is provided by attaching the heating formwork generated by microwaves according to claim 1 to the panel of the steel formwork installed on the outer wall of the building and the steel formwork installed on the inner wall of the building in one-piece or separate module form and supplying power to generate heat. A building construction method using exothermic formwork generated by microwaves, the method comprising accelerating.
Dismantle the formwork on the building wall where the initial curing was carried out and attach heat generating form heat generated by the microwave according to claim 1 to insulate curing, and heat generating form heat generated by the microwave according to claim 1 on the slab concrete placed on the floor. A building construction method using heat generating form heat generated by microwaves, comprising attaching or buoying closely and supplying power to insulate the slab concrete.
In the partition 36 of the formwork body 35, a heat generating formwork 100 generated by microwaves according to claim 1 is attached to an inner panel of the partition 36, and power is supplied to the heat generating formwork generated by the microwaves. Heat generated by the microwaves, comprising heating the partition surface of the formwork body with heat generated by the heat generating unit to heat the concrete (C) placed between the tunnel wall surface and the formwork body to promote hydration. Construction method of tunnel concrete lining using formwork.
The internal temperature of the mass concrete by adjusting the temperature of the exothermic formwork to maintain the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the mass concrete while maintaining the exothermic form heat generated by the microwave according to claim 1 in the curing process of the mass concrete. Curing method of mass concrete which prevents the generation of the crack by the heat of hydration by preventing the difference between the surface temperature and the.