WO2013079027A1 - Dispositif de détection répartie à fibre basé sur double canal et procédé de fonctionnement de celui-ci - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection répartie à fibre basé sur double canal et procédé de fonctionnement de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013079027A1
WO2013079027A1 PCT/CN2012/085707 CN2012085707W WO2013079027A1 WO 2013079027 A1 WO2013079027 A1 WO 2013079027A1 CN 2012085707 W CN2012085707 W CN 2012085707W WO 2013079027 A1 WO2013079027 A1 WO 2013079027A1
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optical
channel
module
signal
coupler
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PCT/CN2012/085707
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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杜兵
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西安金和光学科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
    • G01D5/3538—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself using a particular type of fiber, e.g. fibre with several cores, PANDA fiber, fiber with an elliptic core or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical fiber sensing device and a method for operating the same, and particularly to a distributed based on monitoring a change of a forward transmission optical signal with two channels Optical fiber sensing device and its operating method.
  • Existing distributed or quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing devices are mainly inspection devices for backscattered light in optical fibers, including the most commonly used optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR), fiber Raman temperature sensing devices, Brillouin scattering sensing device and Bragg fiber grating sensing device.
  • OTDR optical time domain reflectometry
  • fiber Raman temperature sensing devices since the backscattered light containing the sensing information in the optical fiber is small relative to the incident light, the general backscattered light ratio The incident light is three to six orders of magnitude smaller, so the detection of backscattered light is difficult.
  • it is often necessary to sample the integrator many times to extract the weak signal so that the monitoring equipment is more complicated, the cost is higher, and the real-time performance is poor.
  • the maximum distance for monitoring is less than 100 km; while the quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing device composed of Bragg fiber grating has strong reflected light signal, the optical signals between the fiber gratings easily interfere with each other, so the optical fiber The number of gratings is small, and the number of fiber gratings on each fiber is only a few dozen at most, making it difficult to achieve long-distance distributed monitoring.
  • the existing optical fiber communication technology is developing at a rapid speed, and the distance of its non-relay communication is easily more than several hundred kilometers. If the erbium-doped or Raman fiber amplification device is used up to thousands of kilometers, the main reason is The intensity of the transmitted optical signal is much greater than that of the backscattered optical signal. If there is a distributed sensing device that monitors the change of the optical signal based on forward transmission, the distance of the distributed optical fiber monitoring can be greatly extended. Such a device is currently not retrieved.
  • the invention discloses a dual-channel distributed optical fiber sensing device and an operating method thereof.
  • the optical fiber used is an optical fiber having two optical signal transmission channels, such as a dual-core optical fiber, a double-clad layer or a multi-clad fiber.
  • Distributed monitoring can be achieved by detecting changes in optical signals between two transmitted optical signal channels.
  • the optical fiber sensing device has the advantages of convenient use, low cost and good application prospect.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • the utility model comprises a control module, a light source module, a coupler, a photodetector module and a processing module.
  • the control module is connected with the light source module and controls the latter to emit a pulsed light signal
  • the light source module is connected with the coupler
  • the coupler is Connected to one end of the sensing fiber, the sensing fiber is an optical fiber including an optical channel 1 and an optical channel 2.
  • the coupler is configured to couple the optical signal into only one of the optical channels in the sensing fiber.
  • the coupler the optical signal of the same wavelength transmits different speeds in the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2; the other end of the sensing fiber is connected to the photodetector, and the photodetector simultaneously acquires the optical channel
  • the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel 2 is connected to the processing module.
  • the other end of the sensing fiber is connected to the coupler 2, and the coupler 2 includes a channel 1 and a channel 2, and the channel 1 and the channel 2 do not interfere with each other, and the optical channel in the sensing fiber is One is connected to the channel in the coupler 2, and the channel is connected to the photodetector; the optical channel 2 in the sensing fiber is connected to the channel 2 in the coupler 2, and the channel is combined with the photodetector Connection; the photodetector 1 and the photodetector 2 are connected to the processing module.
  • the utility model further comprises a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler disposed between the light source module and the coupler, the light source module is connected with the 1-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler, and the end of the 2-port of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is coupled with the coupler.
  • One end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is connected to the light detecting module three, and the light detecting module three is connected to the control module.
  • the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is an optical splitter with a 1:99 optical signal distribution ratio, wherein one end of the optical signal distribution is connected to the coupler, and the end with less light signal is connected to the light detecting module 3.
  • the utility model further comprises a communication fiber disposed in parallel with the sensing fiber.
  • the two ends of the communication fiber are respectively connected with the transceiver module and the transceiver module, and the transceiver module 1 and the transceiver module 2 are respectively connected with the control module and the processing module.
  • the photodetector 1, the photodetector 2, and the photodetecting module 3 are one of an optical power meter, a photon counter, a spectrum analyzer, and a wavelength meter.
  • the light source module is one of a single wavelength light source, a multi-wavelength light source or a broadband light source.
  • the sensing fiber is a W-type fiber, and the core, the cladding layer, the cladding layer 2 and the cladding layer 3 are sequentially distributed from the center to the edge, and the core has a refractive index greater than that of the cladding layer.
  • the refractive index of the cladding layer 2 is greater than the refractive index of the cladding layer 1 and the cladding layer 3, and is a protective layer on the outer side of the cladding layer 3; the core layer and the cladding layer 2 are respectively optical channels of the sensing fiber One and two optical channels.
  • the sensing fiber is a dual-core fiber
  • the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer on the outer side of the inner cladding layer are arranged with the core one and the core core side by side in the inner cladding layer.
  • the refractive index of the core one and the core two is greater than the refractive index of the inner cladding layer, and the inner cladding layer
  • the refractive index is greater than the refractive index of the outer cladding layer, and is coated on the outer side of the outer cladding layer; the core one and the core core two are the optical channel one and the optical channel two of the sensing fiber, respectively.
  • At least the region between the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2 is a fluorescent cladding region, and the fluorescent cladding region is composed of a transparent material doped with a fluorescent material.
  • the refractive index of the core 1 is higher than the refractive index of the core 2.
  • the outer diameter of the core 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the core 2.
  • the core one and the core two are disposed in the inner cladding in a spiral form.
  • the core is located on a central axis of the optical fiber, and the core 2 is disposed around the core.
  • the operation method of the dual-channel distributed optical fiber sensing device is as follows:
  • the control module controls the light source module to emit a pulsed light signal, and the pulsed light signal is injected into the optical channel of one end of the sensing fiber through the coupler;
  • the pulsed optical signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber to the other end in the optical channel, and is acquired by the optical detecting module disposed at the other end of the sensing fiber, and the optical detecting module converts the pulsed optical signal into an electrical signal transmission.
  • the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel is partially coupled into the optical channel 2 and transmitted in the optical channel 2, since the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2
  • the transmission speeds of the internal optical signals are different, and the optical signals in the optical channel 1 and the optical channel are sequentially sequenced to the other end of the sensing fiber and acquired by the optical detecting module.
  • the optical detecting module converts the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal transmission.
  • the processing module calculates the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the size and time interval of the electrical signal, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • the control module controls the light source module to emit a pulsed light signal, and the pulsed light signal is injected into the optical channel of one end of the sensing fiber through the coupler;
  • the pulsed optical signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber to the other end in the optical channel, and the coupler 2 is disposed at the other end of the sensing fiber.
  • the channel 1 in the coupler 2 is connected to the optical channel, and the other end of the channel is
  • the optical detecting module is connected, the channel 2 in the coupler 2 is connected to the optical channel 2, and the other end of the channel 2 is connected to the optical detecting module 2.
  • the optical detecting module 1 and the optical detecting module 2 respectively transmit the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2
  • the pulsed optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the processing module;
  • the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel is partially coupled into the optical channel 2 and transmitted in the optical channel 2, since the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2
  • the transmission speeds of the internal optical signals are different, and the optical signals in the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2 are sequentially obtained at the other end of the sensing fiber and are respectively acquired by the optical detecting module 1 and the optical detecting module 2.
  • the optical detecting module 1 and the optical detecting module 2 respectively The acquired optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the processing module, and the processing module calculates the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the order, size and time interval of the electrical signal, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • the utility model further comprises a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler disposed between the light source module and the coupler, the light source module is connected with the 1-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler, and the end of the 2-port of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is coupled with the coupler. Connected, one end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is connected to the light detecting module three, and the light detecting module three is connected with the control module; the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module passes through the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler and a small part enters the light.
  • the detecting module 3, the light detecting module 3 converts the signal into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the control module, and the control module calculates the size of the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module according to the electrical signal and converts the value into a preset code, and controls
  • the module controls the light source module to send the code;
  • the light detecting module 2 obtains the optical signal containing the code and converts it into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the processing module, and the processing module compares the code with the preset code table to obtain the pulse light of the light source module.
  • the size of the signal such as the power level of the pulsed light signal, the wavelength state, and the magnitude and position of the physical quantity to be measured are calculated according to the value.
  • the utility model further comprises a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler disposed between the light source module and the coupler, the light source module is connected with the 1-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler, and the end of the 2-port of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is coupled with the coupler. Connected, one end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler is connected to the light detecting module three, and the light detecting module three is connected with the control module; the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module passes through the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler and a small part enters the light.
  • the detecting module 3, the light detecting module 3 converts the signal into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the control module, and the control module calculates the size of the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module according to the electrical signal and converts the value into a preset code, and controls
  • the module control transceiver module sends the code through the communication fiber; the transceiver module 2 obtains the encoded optical signal through the communication fiber and converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing module, and the processing module compares the code with the preset code table to obtain the light source.
  • the module sends out the size of the pulsed optical signal, such as the power level or wavelength state of the pulsed optical signal, and calculates the magnitude and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the value. Correction.
  • the sensing fiber has a fluorescent doped region between the channel 1 and the channel 2, as follows:
  • the control module controls the light source module to emit a detection pulse light signal, and the detection pulse light signal is injected into the optical channel of one end of the sensing fiber through the coupler;
  • the detecting pulse optical signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber to the other end in the optical channel, and is acquired by the optical detecting module disposed at the other end of the sensing fiber, and the optical detecting module converts the pulsed optical signal into an electrical signal. Passed to the processing module;
  • the detecting light signal transmitted in the optical channel is partially coupled into the fluorescent cladding region between the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2, and a large amount is excited.
  • the fluorescent signal is partially coupled into the optical channel 2 and transmitted in the optical channel 2. Since the optical signal transmits at different speeds in the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2, the detecting optical signal and the light transmitted in the optical channel are transmitted.
  • the fluorescent signal transmitted in the channel 2 reaches the other end of the sensing fiber in sequence and is acquired by the optical detecting module.
  • the optical detecting module converts the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing module, and the processing module according to the size of the electrical signal. And the time interval calculates the size and location of the physical quantity to be measured, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • the sensing fiber has a fluorescent doped region between the channel 1 and the channel 2, as follows:
  • the control module controls the light source module to emit a detection pulse light signal, and the detection pulse light signal is injected into the optical channel of one end of the sensing fiber through the coupler;
  • the detecting pulse optical signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber to the other end in the optical channel, and is acquired by the optical detecting module disposed at the other end of the sensing fiber, and the optical detecting module converts the pulsed optical signal into an electrical signal. Passed to the processing module;
  • the detecting pulse light signal is transmitted in the optical channel, part of the detecting light signal is transmitted in the fluorescent cladding region, and the fluorescent signal is excited, and part of the fluorescent signal is coupled into the optical channel 2 and transmitted to the sensing channel in the optical channel 2
  • the end of the optical fiber is obtained by the optical detecting module, and the optical detecting module converts the pulsed optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the processing module;
  • the fluorescent signal excited by the detecting optical signal also changes, and some of the fluorescent signals that are changed are coupled into the optical channel 2 and are in the optical channel 2 Transmission, because the transmission speed of the optical signal in the optical channel 1 and the optical channel 2 is different, the detection optical signal transmitted in the optical channel and the fluorescent signal transmitted in the optical channel 2 and the changed fluorescent signal are sequentially sequenced to reach the sensing fiber.
  • One end is acquired by the optical detecting module, and the optical detecting module converts the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing module, and the processing module calculates the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the size and time interval of the electrical signal, thereby completing The purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • the invention has the following advantages:
  • the optical signal can be transmitted at a long distance, meeting the actual needs of natural gas pipelines and petroleum pipelines. Compared with the current Brillouin scattering monitoring device on the market, it has the characteristics of low cost, long monitoring distance and high precision. Has a good market prospects.
  • one of the channels transmits the detecting pulse optical signal, and the other channel does not inject the optical signal.
  • the sensing fiber changes in one place, In the case of microbending, bending, deformation, etc., the injected optical signal escapes and is partially coupled into the channel near the uninjected optical signal, thereby being captured by the photodetector at the end of the sensing fiber due to the optical signals in the two channels.
  • the difference between the transmission speed and the detection pulse optical signal and the optical signal in the other channel containing the physical quantity to be measured arrives at the photodetector in sequence, thereby distinguishing the size and time interval of different optical signals according to the physical quantity containing the physical quantity to be tested.
  • the size of the optical signal can know the magnitude of the physical quantity to be measured. According to the interval between the detection pulse optical signal and the optical signal containing the physical quantity to be measured, the position of the physical quantity to be measured can be calculated, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring. When there are multiple changes on the sensing fiber, a sequence of multiple pulsed optical signals is formed.
  • the dark field monitoring technology Since the device only injects an optical signal into one optical channel in the sensing fiber and detects the optical signal of the other optical channel, the dark field monitoring technology has high precision and accuracy.
  • the present invention is based on dual channels
  • the distributed optical sensing device of optical fiber has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, long monitoring distance, and can realize distributed monitoring and sensing, and has a good market prospect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of the sensing fiber of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a refractive index distribution in the radial direction of the sensing fiber of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a sensing fiber according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a refractive index distribution in the radial direction of the sensing fiber of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a refractive index distribution in the radial direction of the sensing fiber of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the control module 10 the light source module 12, the coupler one 13, the photodetector module 7 and the processing module 6, the control module 10 is connected to the light source module 12 and controls the latter to emit a pulsed light signal, and the light source module 12 passes through the auxiliary optical fiber 19.
  • the coupler 13 is connected to one end of the sensing fiber 11.
  • the sensing fiber 11 is an optical fiber including an optical channel 15 and an optical channel 26, and the coupler 1 13 is a coupler that couples the optical signal into only one of the optical channels within the sensing fiber 11, the speed of the optical signal of the same wavelength being transmitted within the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 is different;
  • the other end of the sensing fiber 11 is connected to the photodetector 7 , and the photodetector 7 simultaneously acquires the optical signals transmitted in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26, and the photodetector 7 is connected to the processing module 6.
  • the processing module 6 is connected to the output module 14.
  • the operation method of the dual-channel distributed optical fiber sensing device is as follows:
  • the control module 10 controls the light source module 12 to emit a pulsed light signal, and the pulsed light signal is injected into the optical channel 15 at one end of the sensing fiber 11 through the coupler 13;
  • the pulsed light signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber 11 to the other end in the optical channel 15, and is received by the light detecting module 7 at the other end of the sensing fiber 11, and the light detecting module 7 applies the pulsed optical signal. Converted into an electrical signal to the processing module 6;
  • the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel 15 is partially coupled into the optical channel 26 and transmitted in the optical channel 26 due to the optical channel.
  • the optical signals in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 are sequentially passed to the other end of the sensing fiber 11 and are acquired by the optical detecting module 7 for optical detection.
  • the module 7 converts the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing module 6.
  • the processing module 6 calculates the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the size and time interval of the electrical signal, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • the photodetector 7 , the photodetector 2 , and the photodetecting module 3 17 may be one of an optical power meter, a photon counter, a spectrum analyzer, and a wavelength meter.
  • the light source module 12 can be one of a single wavelength light source, a multi-wavelength light source, or a broadband light source.
  • a single-wavelength light source is a DFB laser, and its output optical signal has a stable wavelength and a large power.
  • the multi-wavelength source can be constructed from a plurality of DFB lasers.
  • the light source module 12 can be one of a single wavelength source and a multi-wavelength source.
  • the detector of the device of the invention collects the power of the pulsed optical signal, and can calculate the magnitude of the physical quantity to be tested according to the power level; when the photodetector-7, the photodetector 2, and the optical detection module 317 are used
  • the light source module 12 can be one of a multi-wavelength light source or a broadband light source.
  • the device of the present invention collects the wavelength information of the pulsed light signal, and can calculate the measured value according to the information. The size of the physical quantity.
  • the sensing fiber 11 is a W-type fiber, which is radially distributed from the center to the edge, and includes a core 1, a cladding layer 2, a cladding layer 2, and a cladding layer 3, which are in turn.
  • the refractive index is greater than the refractive index of the cladding layer 2, and the refractive index of the cladding layer 3 is greater than the refractive index of the cladding layer 2 and the cladding layer 4, and the protective layer 5 is outside the cladding layer 3;
  • the core 1 and The cladding 2 is the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 of the sensing fiber 11, respectively.
  • the core 1 and the cladding 2 of the sensing fiber 11 are quartz glass doped with germanium and boron.
  • the cladding layer 2 of the sensing fiber 11 is a quartz glass doped with fluorine.
  • the cladding layer 3 of the sensing fiber 11 is a high-purity quartz glass.
  • the core 1 of the sensing fiber 11 has a refractive index higher than that of the cladding layer 2 by 0.3%.
  • the refractive index of the cladding layer 3 of the sensing fiber 11 is 0.1% higher than the refractive index of the cladding layer 2, and the refractive index of the cladding layer 3 is higher than that of the cladding layer 3 Out of 0.3%.
  • At least the region between the light channel 15- and the light channel 26 is a fluorescent cladding region, and the fluorescent cladding region is composed of a transparent material doped with a fluorescent material.
  • the control module 10 controls the light source module 12 to emit a probe pulse light signal, and the probe pulse light signal is injected into the optical channel 15 at one end of the sensing fiber 11 through the coupler 3;
  • the detecting pulse light signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber 11 to the other end in the optical channel 15, and is acquired by the light detecting module 7 at the other end of the sensing fiber 11, and the light detecting module 7 applies the pulsed light.
  • the signal is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the processing module 6;
  • the optical detecting module 7 can be one of an optical power meter, a photon counter, a spectrum analyzer, and a wavelength meter;
  • the detecting light signal transmitted in the optical channel 15 is partially coupled into the fluorescent cladding region between the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26, And a large number of fluorescent signals are excited, and some fluorescent signals are coupled into the optical channel 26 and transmitted in the optical channel 26, since the optical signal transmits speeds in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26, the optical channel is different.
  • the probe optical signal transmitted in the 15 and the fluorescent signal transmitted in the optical channel 26 are sequentially passed to the other end of the sensing fiber 11 and are acquired by the optical detecting module-7.
  • the optical detecting module 7 converts the acquired optical signal into electricity.
  • the signal is transmitted to the processing module 6.
  • the processing module 6 calculates the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the size and time interval of the electrical signal, thereby completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • Another method of operation when the sensing fiber 11 has a fluorescent doped region between channel one 15 and optical channel two 16 is as follows:
  • the control module 10 controls the light source module 12 to emit a probe pulse light signal, and the probe pulse light signal is injected into the optical channel 15 at one end of the sensing fiber 11 through the coupler 13;
  • the detecting pulse light signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber 11 to the other end in the optical channel 15, and is acquired by the light detecting module 7 at the other end of the sensing fiber 11, and the light detecting module 7 applies the pulsed light. Signal is converted into an electrical signal to the processing module 6;
  • the detecting pulse light signal When the detecting pulse light signal is transmitted in the optical channel 15, a part of the detecting light signal is transmitted in the fluorescent cladding region, and the fluorescent signal is excited, and part of the fluorescent signal is coupled into the optical channel 26 and transmitted in the optical channel 26 To the end of the sensing fiber 11 and is captured by the light detecting module-7, the light detecting module 7 converts the pulsed optical signal into an electrical signal to the processing module 6;
  • the fluorescent signal excited by the detecting optical signal also changes, and a part of the fluorescent signal that is changed is coupled into the optical channel 26 and in the optical channel.
  • the detection optical signal transmitted in the optical channel 15 and the fluorescent signal transmitted in the optical channel 26 and the fluorescent signal are changed.
  • the sequence reaches the other end of the sensing fiber 11 and is acquired by the light detecting module-7.
  • the light detecting module 7 converts the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing module 6.
  • the processing module 6 is based on the size and time interval of the electrical signal. Calculate the size and location of the physical quantity to be measured, thus completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the sensing fiber 11 is a dual-core fiber.
  • the inner cladding layer 23 and the outer cladding layer 24 located outside the inner cladding layer 23 are disposed with the core 21 and the core 22 in the inner cladding layer 23, and the refractive indices of the core 21 and the core 22 are greater than
  • the refractive index of the inner cladding 23, the refractive index of the inner cladding 23 is greater than the refractive index of the outer cladding 24, and the outer layer 24 is a coating layer 25;
  • the core 21 and the core 22 are respectively the sensing Optical path 15 and optical path 2 of optical fiber 11.
  • the refractive index of the core 21 is higher than the refractive index of the core 22;
  • the outer diameter of the core 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the core 22 .
  • the core 21 and the core 22 are disposed in the inner cladding 23 in a spiral form.
  • the core 21 is located on the central axis of the optical fiber, and the core 22 is spirally disposed around the core 21.
  • this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: a dual-channel distributed optical fiber sensing device
  • the control module 10 the light source module 12, the coupler 13 , the photodetector module 7 , the light detecting module 2 , the coupler 2 , and the processing module 6 , wherein the control module 10 is connected to the light source module 12 and controlled
  • the light source module 12 is connected to the coupler 13
  • the coupler 13 is connected to one end of the sensing fiber 11 .
  • the sensing fiber 11 includes an optical channel 15 and an optical channel 2 .
  • the optical fiber, the coupler 13 is a coupler that couples the optical signal into only one of the optical channels of the sensing optical fiber 11, and the speed of the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26
  • the other end of the sensing fiber 11 is connected to the coupler 2, and the coupler 9 includes a channel 1 and a channel 2, and the channel 1 and the channel 2 do not interfere with each other.
  • the sensing fiber 11 The optical channel 15 is connected to the channel in the coupler 2, and the channel is connected to the photodetector 7; the optical channel 26 in the sensing fiber 11 and the channel 2 in the coupler 9 Connection, channel two and connected to photodetector 2; A photodetector unit 7 and the two 8 connected to the processing module 6.
  • the operation method of the dual-channel distributed optical fiber sensing device is as follows:
  • the control module 10 controls the light source module 12 to emit a pulsed light signal, and the pulsed light signal is injected into the optical channel 15 at one end of the sensing fiber 11 through the coupler 13;
  • the pulsed optical signal is transmitted from one end of the sensing fiber 11 to the other end in the optical channel 15, and the coupler 2 is disposed at the other end of the sensing fiber 11, and the channel 1 in the coupler 9 is connected to the optical channel 15.
  • the other end of the channel is connected to the light detecting module-7, the channel 2 in the coupler 2 is connected to the optical channel 26, and the other end of the channel 2 is connected to the optical detecting module 2, the light detecting module 7 and the light detecting module 2
  • the pulsed optical signals transmitted in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 are respectively converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the processing module 6;
  • the optical signal transmitted in the optical channel 15 is partially coupled into the optical channel 26 and transmitted in the optical channel 26 due to the optical channel.
  • the optical signals of the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 are different in sequence, and the optical signals in the optical channel 15 and the optical channel 26 are sequentially received at the other end of the sensing fiber 11 and are respectively obtained by the optical detecting module 7 and the optical detecting module 2
  • the optical detecting module 7 and the optical detecting module 2 respectively convert the acquired optical signals into electrical signals and transmit them to the processing module 6.
  • the processing module 6 calculates the magnitude of the physical quantity to be measured according to the order, size and time interval of the electrical signals. Location, thus completing the purpose of distributed monitoring.
  • this embodiment is different from Embodiment 3 in that it further includes a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 disposed between the light source module 12 and the coupler 13 , and the light source module 12 and the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 .
  • One port end connection, one end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 is connected to the coupler 13 , and one end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 is connected to the light detecting module three 17 , and the light detecting module three 17 Connected to the control module 10.
  • Operational steps including A 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 disposed between the light source module 12 and the coupler 13 is connected to the 1-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18, and the 2-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 Connected to the coupler 13 , one end of the two ports of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 is connected to the light detecting module three 17 , and the light detecting module three 17 is connected to the control module 10 ; the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module 12 passes through 1 ⁇ After the optocoupler 18, a small portion of the optical coupler 18 enters the light detecting module 3, and the optical detecting module 3 17 converts the signal into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the control module 10.
  • the control module 10 calculates the pulsed light emitted by the light source module 12 according to the electrical signal.
  • the intensity of the signal is converted into a previously set code, and the control module 10 controls the light source module 12 to emit the code; the light detecting module 7 acquires the optical signal containing the code and converts it into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the processing module. 6.
  • the processing module 6 compares the code with the preset encoding table, obtains the size of the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module 12, and corrects the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured according to the value.
  • the communication fiber 20 is disposed in parallel with the sensing fiber 11.
  • the two ends of the communication fiber 20 are respectively connected to the transceiver module 33 and the transceiver module 34, and the transceiver module 33 and the transceiver module 34 are respectively connected to the control module 10. It is connected to the processing module 6.
  • a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 disposed between the light source module 12 and the coupler 13 is further included.
  • the light source module 12 is connected to the 1-port end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18, and the 2-port of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18
  • One end of the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 is connected to the light detecting module 3 17 , and the light detecting module 3 17 is connected to the control module 10; the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module 12 passes.
  • a small portion enters the light detecting module 317, and the light detecting module 317 converts the signal into an electrical signal and transmits the signal to the control module 10.
  • the control module 10 calculates the light source module 12 according to the electrical signal.
  • the size of the pulsed optical signal is converted into a preset code, and the control module 10 controls the transceiver module 33 to send the code through the communication fiber 20; the transceiver module 34 obtains the encoded optical signal through the communication fiber 20 and converts it.
  • the electrical signal is transmitted to the processing module 6, and the processing module 6 compares the size of the pulsed light signal emitted by the light source module 12, such as the power level or the wavelength state of the pulsed light signal, according to the encoding and the preset encoding table, and according to the value Correct the size and position of the physical quantity to be measured.
  • the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler 18 is an optical splitter with a 1:99 optical signal distribution ratio, wherein one end of the optical signal distribution is connected to the coupler 13 and the end of the optical signal is distributed and the light is detected.
  • Module three 17 is connected.

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un dispositif de détection répartie à fibre basé sur double canal. La fibre utilisée (11) est une fibre ayant deux canaux d'émission de signal optique (15, 16), telle qu'une fibre double cœur, une fibre double gainage ou multi-gainage. Le signal optique a différentes vitesses dans les deux canaux d'émission de signal optique (15, 16). Le but de surveillance d'une quantité physique à détecter d'une façon répartie peut être réalisé par détection du changement dans le signal optique entre les deux canaux d'émission de signal optique (15, 16) et de la position relative de chaque signal optique. Le dispositif de détection à fibre présente les avantages d'être commode en utilisation, faible en coûts et élevé en précision. L'invention porte également sur quatre procédés de fonctionnement pour un dispositif de détection répartie à fibre basé sur double canal.
PCT/CN2012/085707 2011-12-02 2012-12-01 Dispositif de détection répartie à fibre basé sur double canal et procédé de fonctionnement de celui-ci WO2013079027A1 (fr)

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CN201110396357 2011-12-02
CN201110396357.2 2011-12-02
CN201110432697 2011-12-15
CN201110432697.6 2011-12-15
CN201110447235 2011-12-19
CN201110447235.1 2011-12-19
CN201110438003.X 2011-12-23
CN201110438003 2011-12-23

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