WO2013077724A1 - Procédés et systèmes pour plate-forme et environnement interréseau multimode - Google Patents

Procédés et systèmes pour plate-forme et environnement interréseau multimode Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013077724A1
WO2013077724A1 PCT/MY2012/000272 MY2012000272W WO2013077724A1 WO 2013077724 A1 WO2013077724 A1 WO 2013077724A1 MY 2012000272 W MY2012000272 W MY 2012000272W WO 2013077724 A1 WO2013077724 A1 WO 2013077724A1
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Prior art keywords
network
internetwork
environment
media
multimode
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PCT/MY2012/000272
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English (en)
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Chooi Tian Lee
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Chooi Tian Lee
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Publication of WO2013077724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013077724A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/125—Details of gateway equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1023—Media gateways
    • H04L65/103—Media gateways in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1033—Signalling gateways
    • H04L65/104—Signalling gateways in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/321—Interlayer communication protocols or service data unit [SDU] definitions; Interfaces between layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/10—Routing in connection-oriented networks, e.g. X.25 or ATM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
    • H04L69/085—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion specially adapted for interworking of IP-based networks with other networks

Definitions

  • the invention is related to co-pending Malaysia patent application, Application No. PI 2011003441, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Multimode Internetworking Connectivity", filed on 22 nd July 2011. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • the invention herein relates to the field of digital network system for communication and internetworking. More particularly, it relates to the methods and systems for enabling a multimode internetwork platform and environment over a plurality of disparate network systems, either providing for discrete or concurrent connectivity.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • IP suites of network protocol stacks were created to be a data transmission media to enable a plurality of application programs to internetwork among a plurality of remote computers. Said network system eventually evolved to encompass the world and is known as the "Internet". Thus, IP transmission media had created a shared-media mode of internetwork platform and environment. The Internet is presently the only predominant transmission media internetwork platform for global internetworking capability. IP technology was designed and developed on a connectionless and packet- switching transmission methodology. Using intelligent IP-based router systems, each having computing ability, data is routed from source to destination endpoints using its router's CPU, node-centric label addressing, and Forwarding Information Base (FIB) table.
  • FIB Forwarding Information Base
  • IP utilized existing connectionless and packet-switching network transmission medium technology, such as Ethernet and the likes.
  • ISP Internet Service Provider
  • SNE Subscriber Network Equipment
  • TV cable television
  • Tag-based switching embodiments were implemented within switched Ethernet systems and in tag-based IP switched-based router nodes as described in US Pat No. 5,917,820. Said tag-based architectures are still node-centric packet-switching technology, except it enabled tag-based packet-switching in IP switched-enabled routers and nodes platform.
  • the embodiment in US Pat No. 5,917,820 neither claims nor teaches how Tag Architecture could implements interoperability among disparate packet-switching and circuit- switching network systems
  • MPLS is a transmission means having network-layer functionality but is utilized as transmission medium means in a hybrid IP and circuit-based network platform.
  • MPLS Architecture is documented under RFC 3031 , while the differentiated services solution is covered under RFC 3270, published by IETF on 2000 and 2001 , respectively.
  • MPLS architecture was designed to overcome said interoperability issue not addressed by Cisco's Tag Architecture.
  • MPLS system was developed using agnostic label addresses, network emulation gateway interface, signaling emulation gateway to enable the implementation of a hybrid packet-switching and circuit-switching network system.
  • IP is developed upon packet-switching technology
  • said MPLS network system utilizes both packet-switching and circuit-switching technology for transportation or "ferries" of IP packets through its network emulation gateway interface, known as Label Edge Routers (LER), and over Label Switch Routers (LSR) switch fabrics.
  • LER Label Edge Routers
  • LSR Label Switch Routers
  • MPLS For enabling information packet to traverse through disparate network system and addressing scheme, MPLS implements associative addressing methodology for routing and address resolution. Basically with associative addressing, the differing node-centric and circuit-centric addressing means are associated with an agnostic label and said associations are recorded in a translation table, coined as label database (LBD) which is used for the routing and address resolution purposes.
  • LDB label database
  • MPLS has a signaling emulation gateway embodiment for enabling communication among disparate network systems' network-control and signaling primitives arising for differentiated service, not to mentioned, differing instruction and command primitives.
  • Said signaling emulation gateway embodiment provides translation services for the differing network-control and management signaling primitives so that information packets would receive the appropriate services as it traverses through the hybrid network systems.
  • Hybrid IP-based MPLS network system enables circuit-switching for IP technology.
  • IP connectionless and shared-media scheme for internetworking. Being shared-media, enable the ease of not only eavesdropping (i.e. phone hacking), but also for interception of information packets.
  • connectionless scheme all incoming packets regardless whether or not it is benign or malicious must be processed by the addressed end-node or IP routers. More damaging is the ability and ease for any malicious end-users to insert malicious instructions or programs within said IP internetworking platform. Due to security vulnerability arising from the ability for malicious users to exploit IP connectionless and share-media scheme of communication for anonymous malicious and intrusive intends and purposes, this issue must be mitigated.
  • security vulnerability arising from the ability for malicious users to exploit IP connectionless and share-media scheme of communication for anonymous malicious and intrusive intends and purposes, this issue must be mitigated.
  • there is a need to elimination said area of vulnerability in order to enhance security at the network-level of an internetwork environment.
  • another internetwork platform which and environment which does not, in anyway, uses connectionless and shared-media network technology and methodology.
  • the solution for enabling said connection-oriented and circuit-based internetwork environment was invented and claimed in Malaysia Patent No. MY-129914-A by C T Lee, filed in September 12, 1997 and granted in May 30, 2007.
  • the embodiment for said patent is a higher-layer network protocol having means to provide for presentation-layer, session- layer, transport-layer, and network-layer protocol functionality services.
  • Said embodiment was coined Frame Adaptation Layer (FAL) due its ability of its packetized information to traverse from a packet-switching to a circuit-switching networks, visa-versa.
  • FAL Frame Adaptation Layer
  • Said FAL's User Plane uses agnostic address labeling, which uses mapping or associative addressing methodology. Basically with associative addressing, the differing node-centric and circuit-centric addressing means are associated or mapped to an agnostic label and said associations are recorded in a translation table which is used for the routing and address resolution purposes.
  • FAL's Control Plane has signaling emulation gateway with signaling primitive emulation means, for enabling communication among disparate network systems' network- control and signaling primitives. This capability is need for interoperability communication among disparate systems having differentiate services, not to mentioned, differing instruction and command primitives.
  • Said FAL's signaling emulation gateway embodiment provides translation services for the differing network-control and management signaling primitives so that information packets would receive the appropriate services as it traverses through the hybrid network systems.
  • FAL network protocol One of the unique features of FAL network protocol is its ability to integrate to either Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) transmission medium or IP transmission media for internetworking services.
  • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • Said FAL's Control Plane efficiently handles burst-mode computing communication over circuit-based network as it controls the Connect-Until- Terminate procedural function with the underlying circuit-based networks.
  • VDMI Virtual Dedicated-Media Internetwork
  • said FAL embodiment was designed to hot-wire either to ATM or IP in a similar manner as TCP and UDP are to IPv4. This create a lack of the flexibility as compare to an embodiment which is transmission media-independent and transmission medium-independent network protocol able to selectively subscribe to differing transmission means based upon needs of the end-users.
  • FAL embodiment lacks of a selector procedural function and means for it to, in combination of or discretely, subscribes to and supports a plurality of connectionless transmission media and circuit-based transmission medium.
  • FAL is also lacking of a management plane component for it to manage and operate in a multiplicity internetwork connectivity session environment.
  • prior art transceiver neither have the ability to concurrently subscribe to nor able to support more than one ISP, not to mention the ability to provide subscribers to subscribe to disparate internetwork environments.
  • prior art network transceiver embodiments are not able to in combination of and concurrently support connection-oriented and dedicated-media internetworking environment, such as VDMI, along with present shared-media Internet environment.
  • prior art transceivers were engineered having the inability to concurrently support multiple ISPs or multimode internetwork environment, at the subscriber level.
  • the present invention creates a multimode internetwork platform and environment.
  • the present invention provides for novel methods for end-users and application programs to subscribe to a plurality of internetworking platforms for the subscription and allocation of resources to establish connectivity in a combination of shared-media internetwork and/or virtual dedicated-media internetwork environment, discretely or concurrently.
  • the first principal objective of the present invention is to provide for a multimode internetwork platform system and internetworking environment.
  • the second principal objective of the present invention is to provide the methods and means for the subscription and establishment of shared-media internetworking connectivity sessions and/or virtual dedicated-media internetworking connectivity sessions either discretely or concurrently.
  • the third principal objective of the present invention is to provide end-users with a multimode internetwork platform whereby end-users are able to discretely or concurrently subscribe for connectivity sessions using public shared-media Internet services, MPLS- enabled IP and MPLS-enabled Virtual Private Network (VPN) services, and/or circuit- switching network systems for VDMI-enabled internetworking services, among the disparate packet-switching and circuit-switching network systems and environments, for a myriad of application and usages.
  • VPN Virtual Private Network
  • FIG. 1 depicts the disparate types of prior art network platforms consisting of telephony and data network systems.
  • FIG. 2 depicts the differing types of prior art global data network and local area network systems for differing types of Shared-Media Internetwork (SMI) platforms and environment.
  • SMS Shared-Media Internetwork
  • FIG. 3 depicts the differing internetworking environments supported by present embodiment of multimode internetwork platform.
  • FIG. 4 depicts the differing internetworking environments supported by said prior art IP-based shared-media internetwork platform.
  • Fig. 5 illustrated a multimode internetwork platform, comprises of differing internetwork network equipment topologies, for enabling multimode internetworking environment.
  • FIG. 6 depicts the key network components for establishing an internetwork platform to enable information transmission over a network system.
  • FIG. 7 is a table illustrating the differing network components and their respective service functions and capabilities.
  • Fig. 8 depicts the paths and types of connectivity states, across the required network protocol stacks subscribed by application programs, to provide differing internetworking connectivity services and using a plurality of transmission media network protocols and components, in a multimode internetworking environment.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram depicting the interaction process among the key network components for enabling a multimode internetwork platform, using a multimdde network transmission media component to concu ently subscribe for virtual dedicated-media and shared-media internetworking environment.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram depicting the interaction process among the key network components for enabling virtual dedicated-media internetwork platform, using a dedicated- media specific transmission media component, for subscribing to virtual dedicated-media internetworking environment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram depicting the interaction process among the key network components for enabling prior art shared-media internetwork platform, using prior art transmission media components, for subscribing to shared-media internetworking environment.
  • Fig. 12 depicts the paths and types of connectivity states, across the required network protocol stacks, for application programs to subscribe for dedicated-media internetwork connectivity services using a dedicated-media specific transmission media network protocols and components for enabling only virtual dedicated-media internetworking environment.
  • Fig. 13 depicts the paths and types of connectivity states, across the required network protocol stacks, for application programs to concurrently subscribe to differing internetworking connectivity services among a plurality of network protocols and components, using a multimode transmission media for virtual dedicated-media and shared- media internetworking environment.
  • Fig. 14 depicts the paths and types of connectivity states, across the required network protocol stacks, for application programs to subscribe to prior art network protocol stacks for shared-media internetworking connectivity services among a plurality of network protocols and components for prior art shared-media internetworking environment.
  • Multimode transceiver systems to subscribe for and support multimode network connectivity
  • a versatile transmission media and medium independent higher-layer netwqrk protocol able to subscribes and operates over disparate virtual dedicated-media and shared-media network systems natively;
  • VDMI-based name server naming system able to differentiate from the Internet's www pre-fix, for utilizing and mapping to International Telephony numbering system.
  • said multimode transceiver embodiment has a management component able to proportion its available transmission bandwidth resources for providing a multiplicity of disparate connectivity sessions, concurrently in a combination of or discretely.
  • said transceiver having network control and management components having procedural means and programming means and primitives to communicate with and subscribe for the required services from a plurality of disparate transmission medium.
  • Media Adaptation Layer (88) is an improved embodiment of prior art FAL embodiment described in Malaysia Patent No. MY-129914-A. Like FAL, MAL (88) utilizes associative addressing labels for routing and address resolution, and having network programming primitive and network emulation programming primitive capabilities. MAL (88) also has means to manage Connect-Until-Terminate parameter with underlying circuit- switching transmission medium. MAL (88) is able to subscribe and support end-to-end connection-oriented and circuit-switching connectivity session for enabling VDMI environment (30). It also enables burst-mode application programs to operate efficiently and natively over purely circuit-switching network system (29a) and topology.
  • MAL (88) is not. Instead, MAL (88) having switching/selector means to enable it to subscribe to any transmission media or medium, depending upon what type of communication session been requested by the application-layer programs.
  • MAL network protocol (83, 88) was coined as Media Adaptation Layer due to its capability to subscribe to differing transmission media or medium means.
  • MAL higher-layer network protocol (88) has a User Plane component, Control Plane component and Management Plane component.
  • MAL's User Plane component enabled network-based application-layer programs to interface and interconnect with it and subsequently to the subscribed underlying transmission media or medium network protocols.
  • MAL's Control Plane component controls and governs over the signaling and network control services to subscribes for interconnection with underlying transmission media or medium network protocols, as well as, among interconnected MAL-enabled systems.
  • MAL's Management Plane component governs and manages all its interconnects, be it solely on connection-oriented and circuit-switched based transmission medium network protocols for VDMI environment, or solely with connectionless packet-switching IP transmission media environment, either natively in IP router topology (29c) or through MPLS-enabled hybrid packet-switching and circuit-switching transmission topology (29b), as well as, a combination of both, concurrently.
  • MAL's Management Plane has the means to manage a plurality of Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) connectivity sessions among each interconnected nodes to enable a fault-tolerance system.
  • PVC Permanent Virtual Circuits
  • VDMI-NS VDMI-based Name Server
  • DNS Domain Name Server
  • VDMI-NS database entities relationships are more location-centric, and it is only allocated to user having pre-existing entity's name, such as a person name, registered company name or recognized organization name.
  • Fig. 1 depicts prior art embodiment of differing types of network system platforms (20) comprising of discrete and disparate telephony network system (21) and data network systems (40) utilized for telecommunication and shared-media internetworking usages, respectively.
  • Fig. 2 depicts the types of global internetwork system platforms (41) and local area internetworking system platforms (44) supported by prior art shared-media internetworking environment (40).
  • said global internetwork platforms (41) comprise of IP router-based system (42) and IP-based MPLS systems (43) for providing a global shared- media internetwork environment (41).
  • area local area network of internetwork system platforms (44) comprising of a plurality of shared-media network systems, such as DECnet (45), SNA (46), SPX/IPX (48), AppleTalk (47), and even IP (49) systems, for enabling local area network of shared-media internetworking environment (44).
  • Fig. 3 depicts present embodiment of multimode internetwork platform and environment (10).
  • said multimode internetwork platform and environment (10) comprises of discrete virtual dedicated-media internetworking (VDMI) environment (30), discrete prior art shared-media internetworking (SMI) environment (40), and also a combination of shared-media (SMI) and virtual dedicated-media internetworking (VDMI) environment (50).
  • VDMI virtual dedicated-media internetworking
  • SMI shared-media internetworking
  • VDMI virtual dedicated-media internetworking
  • said prior art IP-based shared-media internetwork embodiment (40) supported a plurality of differing shared-media platforms of internetworking environments.
  • Said plurality of shared-media internetworking environment comprises of IP router-based internetworking environment (42), MPLS-enabled IP-based internetworking environment (43) and IP-based and MPLS-enabled virtual private network (VPN) internetworking environment (43a), as known by those well-versed in the art.
  • Fig. 5 illustrated the preferred embodiment, a multimode internetwork platform (10) comprising of differing internetwork systems and network equipment topologies, for enabling multimode internetworking environment (10). Also depicted is the use of multimode transceiver (13, 13a), consisting of land-line means (13) and wireless means (13a), for enabling the means to discrete and concurrent subscribe to the Internet, MPLS-enabled and VDMI platforms.
  • the connectivity sessions established from said transceiver (13) for shared-media IP router platform (42) is represented by dotted lines (64), while for IP-based MPLS platform (43) and MPLS-enabled VPN platform (43a) are presented by dashed and dotted lines (63), and for VDMI platform (30) is represented by solid lines (62).
  • To enable the differing internetworking connectivity sessions over disparate internetwork platforms and environment would require the development and assembly differing network components and protocol stacks.
  • the building blocks for any internetwork systems comprises of certain key groups of network protocol stacks and components, and the interactions among those key components.
  • Fig. 6 depicts those key groups of internetwork system network components for enabling information transmission over network systems.
  • there are six key types of components which are:- 1 ) network-based and application-layer programs network protocols (24), 2) application gateway interface and its related programming primitives (25), 3) transmission media means (26) for establishing connection-oriented and/or connectionless connectivity, 4) network gateway interface and its related programming primitive means (27) for interfacing to transmission medium (29), 5) network emulation gateway and its related programming primitives (28) for translation purposes to enable interoperability among differing transmission medium (29), and 6) transmission medium means (29) comprising of circuit-switching (29a), packet-switching (29c), and a hybrid of packet-switching and circuit-switching means (29b).
  • said network-based and application-layer network protocol programs component (24) is comprised of a plurality of sub-components, such as http, MPEG, RTP, and the likes. Some of said sub-components are application-layer network protocol used for the transmission of information packets, such as MPEG and RTP, while others are network-based procedural protocol incorporate in application programs, such as http, smtp and the likes.
  • the application gateway interface and its related programming primitives (25) enables said network-based application-layer programs (24) to subscribe to the underlying transmission media means (26) in the form of socket or application programming interfaces (APIs) means.
  • APIs application programming interfaces
  • the transmission media means (26) comprises of a plurality of network protocol stack sub-components able to provision for a connectionless (64), a connection-oriented (62), or connection-oriented and connectionless internetworking (63) connectivity sessions.
  • the use of Media Adaptation Layer (MAL) network protocol stack enables the creation of a multimode transmission media (26a) having the ability to concurrently provide for connection-oriented and/or connectionless internetworking connectivity sessions. While a stripped down MAL network protocol stack or MAL protocol stack, having its means to subscribe to shared-media transmission media and medium means been deactivated, is used to subscribe only to circuit-based transmission medium (29a) enable the creation of a connection-oriented and dedicated-media transmission media (26b).
  • MAL Media Adaptation Layer
  • UDP, TCP, and SCTP transport protocol stacks operating over IP protocol stacks are examples of transmission media (26) sub-components enabling creation of connectionless transmission media (26c).
  • the network gateway interface and its programming primitives (27) enables the above transmission media means (26) to subscribe to the underlying transmission medium means (29) through the used of network programming interface (NPI) means.
  • Said network gateway interface having programming primitives (27) comprising of network control protocols for IP routers, such as ICMP, and signaling means, such as SS-7, for circuit- switching network central controllers and theirs relays of network switches.
  • a network emulation gateway means and its related emulation programming primitives (28) are used.
  • a key component of said network emulation gateway means with its emulation signaling gateway (28) is the used of associative addressing, whereby an agnostic label is used to associates with disparate addressing scheme through mapping methodology for routing and address resolution. The method for said associative addressing for routing and address resolution was described in Malaysia Patent No. MY-129914-A.
  • said network emulation gateway means with its related network emulation programming primitives is use to provide the translation means from one network protocol control instruction formats to another network protocol control instruction formats.
  • Implementation of said programming emulation primitives is implemented within a network signaling emulation gateway embodiment. This is done in order to enable communication among disparate network platforms for service subscriptions by translating the differing network protocol programming primitives to enable the required network instructions is implemented among the disparate network platforms.
  • transmission medium means (29) comprises to three disparate schemes of routing, which are:- 1) circuit-switching methodology (29a), 2) associative address-switching, also known as label-switching methodology (29b), and 3) packet-switching methodology (29c).
  • packet-switching scheme there is no necessity for establishing any connection at the transmission medium level as information packets are dumped by connectionless and packet-switching transmission media (26c) into the interconnected transmission medium (29) devices and pipelines.
  • the routing addresses for said packets such as ethernet's MAC addressing and IP's source and destination addressing, are encoded within the header of the packets.
  • the router within the transmission pipelines utilized said MAC addressing to enable destination forwarding of the information packets by referring to its Forwarding Information database (FIB).
  • FIB Forwarding Information database
  • packet-switching systems uses node-centric addressing be it MAC or tag addresses.
  • packet-switching transmission media implemented non- hierarchy routing protocol scheme, such as Distance Vector Routing, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System-to Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing protocols, as known by those well-versed in the art.
  • Said routing protocols were implemented within interconnected intelligent IP routers, having CPU capability, to process the forwarding of IP information packets from source end-node to destination end-node.
  • connectionless packet-switching scheme An inevitable result of using connectionless packet-switching scheme is that at the receiving end-point, all receiving end-nodes must process every incoming information packets. This inevitable characteristic is constantly exploited by malicious users for intrusive and malicious intents, including intelligent IP router systems having computing means.
  • circuit-based and circuit-switching networks comprises of intelligent central controllers (90), having computing means, are connected to and controls a relay of special-purpose circuit-based data-link function network switches.
  • Said circuit-switching central controllers (90) are also interconnected to other circuit- switching networks central controllers on a regionally and globally basis, through interconnected PVC paths.
  • Said data-link network switches each having a switch fabric with a translation table.
  • Said network switch utilized said translation table to enable the routing of information packets through its switch fabric's ingress and egress ports.
  • Said circuit- based network system utilizes label swapping addressing scheme, such as VPI VCI, for routing purposes.
  • a interconnect network gateway with signaling means such as CCS-7 or SS-7, is used.
  • said circuit-switching central controller system is interconnected to an array of back-office computers, for enabling call recording and billing purpose, using IP and shared-medium networking means. It is through said IP and shared-medium networking means that opportunity is available for malicious users to compromise said circuit-switching central controller systems even if it had implemented firewall and other security embodiments.
  • circuit-switching scheme there is a need for call/connection establishment, before any end-users information packets is able to be routed through a circuit-based transmission medium (29a).
  • a connection-oriented transmission media means (26a), subscribing to circuit-switching transmission medium means (29a) would be assigned Virtual Circuit Connection (VCC) once said call/connection establishment had been accepted.
  • VCC provides dedicated connectivity session for the interconnected end- points, be it in Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) or Switched Virtual Circuit (SVC) basis.
  • Circuit-based and circuit-switching networks utilized location-centric and hierarchy numbering and routing scheme.
  • the first set of codes signified international code
  • the following sets of codes are the service providers or regional area code, follows by regional end-node code, and finally the end-point code.
  • Said routing numbers is initially used to identify those interconnected data-link nodes along the routing path to obtain available ports and channels within said node's switch fabrics for establishing several VCC among the relays of interconnected data-link nodes.
  • said central controller When a call/connection establishment process had been activated, said central controller will ping its relays of data-link network switches to determine the availability of ingress and egress ports and the circuit path for establishing a routing path between the required end-points nodes. Once the available routing path among interconnected nodes is known, said central controller will program the assigned data-link node's translation table by dispatching or distributing the appropriate and differing VPI/VCI addressing labels, for said differing interconnected nodes, and associate them with the appropriate differing ingress and egress ports to create the required VCC.
  • the VPI/VCI label would dynamically be swapped, in order for it to be accepted by the next node's ingress ports.
  • the information packet header's VPI/VPI label would be replaced and encoded with a different VPI/VCI addressing so as to be able to be routed to the next connecting node and be accepted by said next connecting node's assigned ingress port.
  • the interconnected nodes maintain said associated port and routing addressing labels within its switch fabric's translation table until said connection is terminated.
  • said central controller will reprogrammed all said interconnected nodes switch fabric translation table, associated with said VCC, to release the usage of said data-link nodes port by erasing the VPI/VCI addressing association with said associated ports within said node's translation table. Those release ports are now available for establishing new virtual circuits.
  • time-out-termination means should the called party not accept the call within a specific time, the central controller will automatically activated termination process. User-activated- termination occurred when either the caller or called party terminated the call, then the central controller will be instructed to activate termination process.
  • the table in Fig. 7 illustrates the differing network protocol stacks and components, required for establishing internetwork platform, and their service functions and capabilities for better understanding of their roles and their interactions among differing network components.
  • the protocol layers service functionality is in reference to OSI service functionality model and not the differing network protocol layers model.
  • IP-based, MPLS, single-mode MAL, and multimode MAL protocol stacks are classified as transmission media (26) components, due to them having network-layer functionality capability. While any physical packet-switching and circuit-switching network apparatus systems are classified as transmission medium (29) components.
  • FIG. 8 depicts the differing paths and types of connectivity states for required network protocol components for enabling present embodiment of multimode internetwork platform (10).
  • said differing paths and types of connectivity states are supported by network routers, switches, and transceivers to enable a multimode internetworking environment, as illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • Said multimode internetwork platform (10) supports present multimode and single-mode embodiments (26a, 26b) along with prior art shared- media embodiment (26c).
  • shared-media internetwork connectivity sessions and internetworking environment associated of prior arts are still applicable within said multimode internetworking environment.
  • MAL Media Adaptation Layer
  • 88 Media Adaptation Layer
  • MAL (88) has a switching/selector means able to subscribe to any transmission media or medium, depending upon what type of communication session been requested by the application-layer programs.
  • MAL (88) has a switching/selector means able to subscribe to any transmission media or medium, depending upon what type of communication session been requested by the application-layer programs.
  • Application programs communicate in a connection-oriented and finite state.
  • connectivity session state with underlying transport-layer network protocol through application gateway interface means (25), such as socket, are connection-oriented, as indicated by the solid lines (62).
  • application gateway interface means 25
  • network-enabled application programs having programming primitives for application gateway interface means (25) by issuing invocation primitive for the subscription of underlying transmission media (26) and transmission medium (29) means.
  • IP network-layer protocols are programmed to only subscribe to IP-based transmission media (26c). Since IP network- layer protocol operates in a stateless communication session, the resultant communication session using IP routing is connectionless. This is illustrated by the dotted line connectivity sessions (64, 64a) as shown in Fig. 11 and 14, through the use of IP router-based internetwork platform (42) for shared-media internetworking environment (40).
  • IP router nodes are interconnected to MPLS-enabled Label Edge Router (LER) network devices.
  • MPLS devices enabled the creation a hybrid transmission means of packet-switching and circuit-switching transmission through it used of interconnected LER and Label Switch Router (LSR) equipments.
  • LSR Label Switch Router
  • MPLS-enabled connectivity sessions are indicated by the dashed and dotted lines (63, 63a), shown in Fig. 11 and 14, for MPLS-based and MPLS-enabled VPN internetwork platforms (43, 43a) of shared-media internetworking environment (40).
  • firewall technology such as MPLS-enabled VPN (43a).
  • MPLS-enabled VPN 43a
  • MAL technology it is possible to conduct secure financial transactions, still incorporating encryption and tunneling technology, but operating over end-to-end connection-oriented and circuit-switching network topology of VDMI platform, instead.
  • VDMI-based platform financial transaction information packets will not have to traverse over any packet-switching networks at all, inclusive IP networks.
  • MAL network protocol stacks were designed and engineered as a multimode transmission media means (88), its can also served as single-mode dedicated- media transmission media means (83).
  • single-mode dedicated-media transmission means either strip-down method or deactivation method could be implemented.
  • strip-down method during installation process of MAL network protocol, the installer would select single-mode MAL choice installation.
  • the installation process will not install any shared-media based network protocol stacks, such as IP-based protocols.
  • both virtual dedicated-media and shared-media based network protocol stack components were installed during MAL network protocol installation, however users could interactively use MAL shared-media deactivation program component to switched on and off to select for single-mode capability.
  • MAL shared-media deactivation program component Upon selection of said single- mode capability, a constraint will be programmed and imposed on MAL's transmission means to enable MAL to invocate only virtual dedicated-media based transmission medium means.
  • Said application usage internetwork platform would best be set up using single-mode MAL (83) transmission media operating over circuit-based transmission medium (29a) in a VDMI (30) platform, whereby only dedicated and private circuit-based connectivity links were established between interconnected end-nodes.
  • single-mode MAL transmission media (83) is used to operate with said central controller (90) and its interconnected back-office systems for enabling a more secure VDMI platform (30).
  • Said VDMI platform uses end-to-end connection-oriented and PVC connectivity sessions to enable dedicated-media internetworking environment for their application programs.
  • single-mode MAL network protocol (83) it is possible for said VCC network central controller system (90) internetworking capability to be entirely established using circuit-switching internetwork backbone network system topology for its back office systems. This eliminates the network security vulnerability arising from IP system topology, due to the elimination of shared-media internetworking implementation.
  • Said VCC network central controller system (90) and its back office system are now operating entirely in an end-to-end, connection-oriented and circuit-switching communication environment using PVC scheme.
  • Said transmission media (83) would enables Intranet services, for existing application programs, to operate natively among its interconnected circuit-based LAN back-office computers and servers, without the need to use or traverse over any shared-media transmission media or medium, including IP system, at all.
  • network-enabled application-layer programs (80) could established VDMI internetwork platform (30), by using application gateway interface means (81) programming primitives to subscribed for the require single-mode AL transmission media (83) and the underlying circuit-based transmission medium (29a) through primitive invocations. Examples of such primitive invocations, using socket methodology for VDMI connectivity services are:-
  • socket application gateway interface primitive does is it request for a connectivity using address family addressing for circuit-based transmission medium
  • the subscribed and required type of transport-layer service functions be TCP-like, UDP-like or RTP-like synchronization and coordination function (SCF)
  • the protocol platform be AL network protocol providing VDMI platform using the subscribed circuit-based transmission medium means (29a).
  • said single-mode MAL transmission media (83) Upon receipt of the said invocation instruction, said single-mode MAL transmission media (83) would process the request and provide the subscribed transport-layer synchronization and coordination function (SCF) services for said information packets, and would subscribe to said requested circuit-switching transmission medium (29a).
  • SCF subscribed transport-layer synchronization and coordination function
  • MAL protocol is able to do so because it has a selector means to route its information packets for processing to the subscribed transmission medium (29).
  • An e-commerce application whereby end-users would utilize a combination SMI and VDMI internetwork platform (50) would be when they subscribed for pay-per-view event or movie.
  • the end-users would first subscribe said event or movie from the service provider Internet-based web-site.
  • the end-user and service provider uses multimode MAL transmission media (88) to establish a Switch Virtual Circuit-based dedicated-media connection session to said service provider's transaction server for said payment transaction to be conducted in a VDMI environment (30). What is important and key to this transaction process is that said encrypted transaction information will not flow through any IP router systems.
  • the service provider may use multimode MAL (88) or prior art protocol stacks (26c) to create shared-media connectivity sessions, operating in a SMI environment (40), to route the acquired contents to the end-users viewer programs, using IP-based transmission media (26c).
  • multimode MAL 88
  • prior art protocol stacks 26c
  • network-enabled application-layer programs would established SMI internetwork platform (30), by using application gateway interface means programming primitives to subscribed for the require multimode MAL transmission media (88) and underlying shared-media transmission media (26c) through primitive invocations.
  • SMI connectivity services using socket means primitive invocation is:
  • said MAL transmission media (83) Upon receipt of the said invocation instruction, said MAL transmission media (83) would provide the subscribed SCF transport-layer services for said information packets, and subscribed to said requested IPv4 transmission media (26c). This would enable the end- user to use the Internet to subscribe for the required movie from said ASP public web-site.
  • said ASP private transaction server Upon obtaining a subscription from the end-user, said ASP private transaction server would utilized said multimode MAL (88) to subscribe for a SVC connectivity session with the end- user, using the end-user registered profile information.
  • the transaction server application would then invocate its multimode transceiver call establishment listening port and request for a connection to the subscriber end-user device.
  • VDMI connectivity session for said transaction-based connectivity session will be terminated as it exists from said ASP transaction server.
  • the ASP content server would then open a connectivity port and session from its content server for a connectivity session to the approved subscriber end- device to able the downloading of contents to the subscriber using it application gateway interface invocation primitive, for example:
  • MAL (88) has stately communication with application-layer programs and signaling protocol means, as depicted by the bold solid lines (62). As shown, MAL (88) is able to support stateless communication session with ICMP and IP, as illustrated by the bold dotted lines (64), to IP transmission media (26c). However, through PPP and Media Transfer Protocol (MTP), MAL is able to interface with stately transmission media systems such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System/ Long-Term Evolution (UMTS/LTE), AAL5/ATM, and the likes. In this situation, MAL (88) is able to still maintain end-to-end stately communication sessions with the underlying transmission mediums for a secure and private connectivity session, as illustrated by the bold solid lines (62).
  • the invention finds utility by applications of multimedia computing and communication services for enabling discrete or concurrent interaction in a multimode internetwork environment for online applications and the likes.
  • many derivative applications and services can be made using the preferred embodiment, such derivative applications and services may not depart from the spirit and scope of the industrial applicability.
  • the preferred embodiment discussed herein as multimode internetwork system and environment it finds equal usage as single- mode internetwork system and the likes.
  • a multimode internetwork platform and environment provides end-user the choice of several differing options for enabling connectivity session based upon their requirements and benefits.
  • the benefits and advantages are:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un système de réseau numérique capable de fournir simultanément un système et un environnement interréseau sur une pluralité de systèmes de réseaux variés. L'invention met en oeuvre des procédés permettant d'activer la plate-forme et l'environnement de services de connectivité d'inter-réseautage, soit séparément, soit en combinaison, pour : a) des services Internet publics et à multimédia partagé ; b) des services activés par le mécanisme MPLS sur base IP; c) des sessions de connectivité de systèmes de réseaux hybrides parmi des systèmes de réseaux variés orientés connexion et sans connexion; et d) des sessions de connectivité bout en bout, orientée connexion et à commutation de circuits pour des applications basées sur l'interréseau multimédia spécialisé virtuel.
PCT/MY2012/000272 2011-11-25 2012-11-12 Procédés et systèmes pour plate-forme et environnement interréseau multimode WO2013077724A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

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US20030058884A1 (en) * 2001-01-25 2003-03-27 International Business Machiness Corporation Communication endpoint supporting multiple provider models
US6618393B1 (en) * 1998-08-26 2003-09-09 3Com Corporation Method and apparatus for transparent support of network protocols with header translation
US20040131078A1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-08 Gupta Vivek G. Apparatus and method for supporting multiple wireless technologies within a device
MY129914A (en) 1997-09-12 2007-05-31 Intrepid Design Sdn Bhd A versatile higer-layer network protocol for interfacing with application layer programs and operating over existing lower-layer connectionless and connection-oriented network protocols

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US5917820A (en) 1996-06-10 1999-06-29 Cisco Technology, Inc. Efficient packet forwarding arrangement for routing packets in an internetwork
US5889774A (en) * 1997-03-14 1999-03-30 Efusion, Inc. Method and apparatus for selecting an internet/PSTN changeover server for a packet based phone call
MY129914A (en) 1997-09-12 2007-05-31 Intrepid Design Sdn Bhd A versatile higer-layer network protocol for interfacing with application layer programs and operating over existing lower-layer connectionless and connection-oriented network protocols
US6618393B1 (en) * 1998-08-26 2003-09-09 3Com Corporation Method and apparatus for transparent support of network protocols with header translation
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