WO2013073997A2 - Procédé pour éliminer et empêcher la formation de résidus goudronneux d'asphaltènes et de paraffine dans des puits de pétrole et des pipelines et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé pour éliminer et empêcher la formation de résidus goudronneux d'asphaltènes et de paraffine dans des puits de pétrole et des pipelines et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013073997A2
WO2013073997A2 PCT/RU2012/000937 RU2012000937W WO2013073997A2 WO 2013073997 A2 WO2013073997 A2 WO 2013073997A2 RU 2012000937 W RU2012000937 W RU 2012000937W WO 2013073997 A2 WO2013073997 A2 WO 2013073997A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubing
discharge
oil
arresters
unit
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PCT/RU2012/000937
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
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WO2013073997A3 (fr
Inventor
Вадим Викторович ЛЫКОВ
Сергей Константинович ДОЛЖАНСКИЙ
Original Assignee
Lykov Vadim Viktorovich
Dolzhansky Sergei Konstantinovich
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Application filed by Lykov Vadim Viktorovich, Dolzhansky Sergei Konstantinovich filed Critical Lykov Vadim Viktorovich
Publication of WO2013073997A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013073997A2/fr
Publication of WO2013073997A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013073997A3/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the oil industry and is intended to eliminate and prevent the formation of asphaltene resins of pure and paraffin deposits (paraffin deposits) in oil and gas wells and pipelines, as well as other deposits in various pipelines.
  • the formation of persistent emulsions in wells in combination with paraffin deposits in the reservoir leads to a significant decrease in oil production.
  • a known method of heating a downhole fluid with a heating cable (NK) above the melting point of an ARPD [1-5], used to eliminate and Prevention of the formation of paraffin deposits consists in the fact that the product is heated in the tubing by passing an electric current through the oil pipe through the supply core. Heat generation is regulated by the depth of sedimentation, measuring the electric power in the relay mode so that the temperature in the well is 5-50 ° C higher than the melting point of the paraffin deposits. At the same time, the temperature of the electrical insulation of the heating elements is controlled, limiting it to the melting temperature of the insulation.
  • a device for implementing this method in various embodiments contains one or more insulated heating elements and a conductive core, as well as a current contactor between them, and the heating elements and conductive core are combined by common electrical insulation in one design in the form of a multicore cable [1-4]. Moreover, the NC located outside the tubing consumes significantly more energy compared to the same cable located inside the tubing [5].
  • M points heating elements
  • EHD devices to increase well production by affecting the bottom hole are industrially used, for example, by Waterhunters [9] and are implemented in various designs [10,1 1].
  • a distinctive feature of these methods is a significant pulse energy: up to 5 kJ with an output power of up to 500 MW and use only in the near-wellbore zone, which limits the scope of such methods for cleaning wells.
  • An electric discharge in a liquid medium is accompanied by the formation of shock waves with a large pressure amplitude at the front, which is used as a powerful source of mechanical energy with a high efficiency.
  • the working medium which is an inhomogeneous liquid, is saturated with vapors as a result of turbulence, gas bubbles are formed in it, dispersed particles of solid rocks that are peeled off during crushing and destruction are dissolved and mixed. [fourteen].
  • the structure of the oil liquid changes, a water-oil emulsion is formed, heavy fractions are destroyed, the viscosity of the oil is reduced, and its physicochemical properties generally change.
  • local heating occurs in the liquid itself and significant heat energy is released at high efficiency [14-17].
  • the technical result achieved is to reduce power consumption and increase well production.
  • FIG 1. schematically depicts a local section of tubing processing with a discharge unit. On it are indicated:
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the device and the features of the placement of its nodes in the well. On it are indicated:
  • BR ⁇
  • BR BR
  • BR BP N - distribution blocks
  • R pr bottom hole arrestor
  • L n (n . J) distance between adjacent BRs
  • AL n - tubing processing section with ⁇ th BR 17 - control unit on the surface (BU)
  • 18 - capacitor bank BU 19 - charger capacitor bank BU
  • the power cable (CP) is lowered by the number of conductors in it from 1 to 20 with or without a cable (from Fig. 1,2) to the length from the mouth to the bottomhole zone or to the depth of the possible formation of an ARPD.
  • the number of conductors in it is from 1 to 20.
  • N blocks are attached to the gearbox bit (BRP) number from 1 to 1 LLC pieces at a distance Ln (n-1) from 1 m to 5000 m from each other, and each ⁇ -th BRP process their fifth section of tubing length (AL n ,.) from 1 m to 1000 m.
  • p BR generates pulses or pulse packets voltage with an amplitude of 10 V up to 50 kV, duration from 1 not to 100 ms, with a front from 0.1 ns to 1 ms, a fall from 1 not to 1 ms, a repetition rate from 0.001 Hz to 1 MHz, duty cycle 148 ⁇ Instructor ⁇ Pulses from discharge cables (RC) by the number of conductors in it from 1 to 20 from each BR P arrive at dischargers of 1 to 100 in the group (R t ) with the number of electrodes from 2 to 10 and a total of 1 to 10,000, which are mounted on the gearbox at a distance As m (m .i ) from each other.
  • RC discharge cables
  • a discharge is produced on any of the arresters, independently of other dischargers or on any group of dischargers selected from their total number and local heating at the place of the discharge is initiated simultaneously with the discharge, electrohydrodynamic shock waves (EGDU) and, in the complex of the indicated actions on all dischargers, increase the temperature
  • EGDU electrohydrodynamic shock waves
  • the tubing is higher than the melting point of the paraffin wax, they clean the tubing with shock waves, destroy solid fractions of the oil liquid in the product, reduce the viscosity of the product, and prevent precipitation of AFS the AFS and eliminate precipitated.
  • the arresters are initially located in places with the lowest temperature in the tubing, in accordance with the thermogram of the well.
  • a certain number of arresters for example, from 1-100. (As a modification of the system) is located in the annulus below dynamic level to the bottomhole zone of the well and they are supplied with pulses or controllers on the surface or BR, which is placed in the annulus.
  • BR and arresters have centralizers.
  • Arrester can have 2, 3 or more electrodes (up to 10).
  • one electrode is attached to the central core to which a voltage pulse is applied, the other electrode is attached to an external grounded cable conductor screen.
  • the discharges are formed by 3 electrode dischargers, then two electrodes of which are supplied with a separate cable or another conductor of the main cable with a constant voltage supply voltage of the spark gap (NPR) from 1 V to 50 kV from storage capacitors BR (or control unit) with a total capacity of 0.1 nF up to 1000 mF, and a pulse is applied to the 3rd electrode of the spark gap, which is formed by the BR, while the SCR, capacitors, their charge and discharge times and pulse parameters are selected separately for each spark gap depending on its location, so that s Maximum dissipated power.
  • NPR spark gap
  • BR or control unit
  • the arresters are located at such a distance from each other to ensure heating of the oil fluid in the tubing (oil pipeline) above the temperature of formation of paraffin deposits.
  • a certain amount of 1 to 100 arresters is located in the bottomhole zone, lowering them through the tubing and / or annulus.
  • pulse energy with increased power (1-5 kJ) is necessary, and pulse parameters must be selected so that the conversion of electricity (discharge) into a shock wave with maximum power.
  • the control unit and / or BR provides an appropriate mode.
  • BRs and / or controllers form discharge pulses of duration and voltage which are selected from the conditions of occurrence of a shock wave with maximum power, and are fed to bottom-hole arresters.
  • the resulting electrohydrodynamic shock affects the perforation and bottomhole layer, destroys solid fractions in the oil fluid, reduces the viscosity of the oil fluid, cleans the perforations and supply channels of the oil and gas bearing formation from mechanical impurities and paraffin deposits, prevents their formation and prevents the perforation from clogging with mechanical impurities, and as a result increases the influx of oil fluids and thereby increase the flow rate of the well.
  • the difference between the proposed device and the known ones is that the arresters are located and work in the bottomhole zone constantly. If for processing a well, where the perforation and supply channels have already been clogged with mechanical impurities, significant energy is required (up to 5 kJ) [9] - in fact an explosion (for comparison, 4.6 kJ is equivalent to 1 g of TNT) to shake the bottom hole and perforation, then in the presented method is continuous "Shaking", which prevents clogging of the perforation and supply channels with impurities and requires significantly less energy.
  • BR n receives signals from a number of temperature sensors from 1 to 100.
  • the controller compares the temperature to a certain point of its section with the formation of paraffin temperature (which can also be made by the well thermogram) in the case of a decrease in the temperature at less than the temperature of formation AFS sends in this place a discharge pulse, thus increasing the energy efficiency of the system.
  • the effective diameter (taking into account the sticking of various impurities to the walls of the tubing) of the tubing or oil pipeline is measured, which is especially important for long oil pipelines with a large diameter or deep wells.
  • the measurement is performed by acoustic sensors or piezoelectric transducers according to the principle of echolocation, for which the BR has an echolocation unit (9, Fig. 1) that generates and sends an appropriate echo pulse to them. Sensors are attached to the centralizer.
  • the pressure sensors located in the vicinity of the mouth from 1 to 100, acoustic sensors, temperature sensors control the overall process at the outlet of the tubing (or oil pipeline) and the signals from them arrive at the surface control unit, which can also control the flow of the discharge pulse to the spark gap.
  • Controller BR (1 1, Figure 1), based on data temperature sensors and acoustic, generates a discharge pulse to obtain maximum shock wave energy or thermal energy.
  • the discharge energy will either transfer relatively slowly to thermal energy or lead to a rapid release of energy and, as a result, the formation of hydrocarbons.
  • the pulse duration (t) is determined by the condition of maximum energy release into the discharge volume and is selected individually for each well [17]. According to the available experimental data, the energy release into the discharge volume grows at t> 0.2 ⁇ s, has maxima t ⁇ 30 ⁇ s, and then decreases with increasing t. [16.17].
  • Modifications of the implementation of the essential features of the claimed method are, for example, in that the system allows the use of a sequence of discharges (actually microexplosions) as a “directed explosion”, which significantly saves energy consumption and increases the efficiency of the system.
  • the first option the start time of the discharge (ml) -ro of the spark gap is synchronized with the time of arrival of a shock wave from the th spark gap during the sequence of excitation or formation of discharges from the bottom up the well, and the start time of the discharge of the th spark gap is synchronized with the time of arrival the shock wave from the (ml) -ro spark gap during the sequence of excitation or formation of discharges from top to bottom along the well and thus summarize the energy of the impact of electrohydrodynamic shock waves.
  • the start time of the discharge (ml) -ro of the spark gap is synchronized with the time of arrival of the oil liquid on it after the discharge of the t-th spark gap, which in turn is defined as the ratio of the distance between the ⁇ -th and (t-1) spark gates (As m ⁇ m .
  • the pulse duty cycle is formed from the condition that the discharge ceases at the previous arrester by the time the impulse is supplied to the next arrester.
  • the control of the discharge blocks is performed by the control unit on the surface where the “central” controller (processor) is located, which is more powerful and with greater capabilities than the BR controller.
  • the control unit receives data from BR sensors, information about the number of discharges, places of discharges, and parameters of discharge pulses.
  • the BR is autonomous.
  • the surface control unit receives data from sensors on the surface of pressure, temperature, acoustic, flow rate (flow rate) and compares this data with the data of the BR and sends, if necessary, corrective pulses to the BR. Management takes place via a power cable or another cable.
  • Each BR n prisvaivayut identification code (login) on the principle of network organization.
  • the mode of data transmission from the control unit to an external computer is provided, which can be located far from the well for the purpose of performing remote monitoring and, if necessary, changing the programs stored in the controllers.
  • BRs are placed in an airtight rigid container, if necessary, and filled with dielectric fluid, oil or epoxy.
  • the pulse generators used in the invention are well known and are commercially available. Modern industrially produced pulse generators, with the parameters necessary for the implementation of the patent, can provide a frequency of up to 50 kHz. Then the optimal pulse energy is 1–10 JJ, with an amplitude of 1–5 kV, and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. There are industrial generators with energy up to 2000J.
  • a typical GI with inductive energy storage for example, an ignition system in a modern car, has a pulse with a characteristic shape, amplitude from several hundred volts to 25 kV, pulse energy -0.1-1.0 J, repetition rate up to 1 kHz, supply voltage 6-24 V and power consumption ⁇ 100 watts.
  • GIs with a capacitive energy storage device have a good rectangular shape with fronts of several nanoseconds or less, a pulse duration of several nanoseconds to milliseconds with an amplitude of several hundred volts to 25 kV, a frequency of up to 50 kHz, and an pulse energy of 0.01 J to 500 J with external control of the pulse parameters, including the front of the pulse and its duration, and the energy consumption of less than 1 kW.
  • the industry has the necessary GI, which consume energy about 50-100 times less than NK.
  • external processor computer
  • the total energy consumption will be from 1 kW to 3 kW.
  • the system allows the use of discharge pulses with a filling frequency of 10 Hz to 1 GHz, which is selected for maximum heating of the oil fluid in the well.
  • the pulse generator consist in the fact that the pulse generator consists of a capacitor block with a capacity of 0.1 nF to 1000 mF, a charger of the capacitor block and a discharge device of the battery to the arresters (electronic key).
  • a single integral module is formed from a capacitor bank, a charger, a capacitor bank and a discharge device, placed in a separate hermetic container, power and control the BR or control unit via a power / control cable with the number of conductors from 1 to 10, and formed by the module, In this way, a discharge pulse is transmitted from the module to the spark gap through a cable with the number of conductors from 1 to 10, which is attached to the module.
  • each spark gap with centralizers and BR is placed in mechanically rigid containers, which are removed when the cable with spark gap and BR is immersed in the well. Cables into the tubing and annular space are lowered through the glands, while the supply of pulses to the arresters, the supply of voltage to the arresters, the data from the sensors installed in the tubing and annular space are carried out by separate cables.
  • the PC can be coaxial.
  • the same system is applicable for oil pipelines, and the longer the oil pipeline (or deeper the well), the more effective the method from the point of view of energy saving, in comparison with linear heaters.
  • the set of operations of this method is also suitable for eliminating and preventing the precipitation of various precipitation, including mechanical impurities on the walls of pipes in any pipelines (sewerage, water pipes and others).
  • the specified technical result is provided in the installation for the implementation of the method of eliminating and preventing the formation of paraffin deposits containing structurally and electrically interconnected power cable (KP), inserted through the gland into the tubing, located from the mouth to the bottomhole zone, and the power cable (KP), introduced through the gland into the annulus and located from the wellhead to the bottom hole zone.
  • KP structurally and electrically interconnected power cable
  • Discharge blocks are installed on the cables at a distance (L n (n .D) from 1 m to 5000 m, which are composed of an electrically interconnected data transmission and reception unit to a surface unit a control unit (BU), a power supply unit, a controller, an echo location unit, a sensor data reception and processing unit, a pulse generator parameters control unit for a pulse generator, a capacitor bank charger, a pulse distribution unit for arresters, a pulse generator and a capacitor bank.
  • BU control unit
  • BU control unit
  • an echo location unit a sensor data reception and processing unit
  • a pulse generator parameters control unit for a pulse generator
  • capacitor bank charger a pulse distribution unit for arresters
  • a pulse generator and a capacitor bank a capacitor bank
  • Each cable (BR ⁇ ) is electrically and mechanically connected to a group of arresters with centralizers (R t ) of 1 to 100 arresters in the group, which are located at a distance (As m (m .i ) ) from 1 m to 1000 m and are installed on KP.
  • each BR P with its own group of arresters processes its own section (AL n ) of tubing (or oil pipeline) from 1 m to 1000 m in length and signals from the P BR receive cable signals from temperature sensors from 1 to 100 and acoustic sensors from 1 to up to 100, in accordance with which the BR P controller gives a discharge pulse to the spark gap R t .
  • the discharge units of the BR ⁇ along the control unit are connected to a control unit (BU) on the surface, which consists of a capacitor bank electrically interconnected, a capacitor bank charger, a pulse parameter control unit for a pulse generator, a controller, a data transmit-receive unit to an external processor , a pulse generator, a power supply, a unit for identifying a BR and receiving and transmitting data to a BR, a unit for receiving and processing data from sensors.
  • BU control unit
  • each bit block (BR P ) is assigned its own individual code (login), which allows to identify BR P , to carry out external monitoring and control of processes in the well, as well as program and reprogram the bit blocks, to receive physicochemical parameters inside the well (oil pipeline) in the mode on-line at all points, as well as directly carry out the discharge on the arresters generator built into the control unit.
  • Additional acoustic sensors with a number from 1 to 100, temperatures from 1 to 100 and pressure from 1 to 100, installed inside the tubing and annular space, allow you to control the process in parallel with the discharge blocks. In this case, from 1 to 100 acoustic sensors are installed on the tubing and from 1 to 100 sensors are installed on the casing. All units in the BR and control unit are fed through from internal power supplies.
  • Robin A.V. Patent Device for heating an oil well. RU 35823 U1 IPC E21B34 / 00 5. Kovrigin LA, Makienko GP, Akmalov IM, Peshin SM. Heating cables and electric heating of wells. - Drilling and oil. - 2004, S, p. 22 - 25.
  • npoeKT Waterhunters

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'industrie d'extraction pétrolière et est destinée à liquider et empêcher la formation de résidus goudronneux d'asphaltènes et de paraffine (RGAP) dans des puits de pétrole et des pipelines. Le résultat technique consiste en une réduction de la puissance consommée et une augmentation du débit des puits. Pour obtenir ce résultat, on abaisse dans le tube de pompage (TP) du puits, jusqu'à la profondeur d'une éventuelle formation de RGAP, un câble d'alimentation (CA) auquel on a fixé N unités de décharge (UDn). On produit une décharge sur n'importe éclateur, on effectue un réchauffement local au lieu de la décharge, on détruit les fractions solides du liquide pétrolier dans le produite et on élimine les RGAP sédimentés. L'installation pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé comprend des câbles d'alimentation (CA) introduits dans le TP sur lesquels on a monté des unités de décharge (UDn) composées d'une unité de réception et d'émission de données à destination d'une unité de commande (UC) située en surface, d'une unité d'alimentation, d'un contrôleur, d'une unité de repérage par écho, d'une unité de réception et de traitement des signaux des capteurs, d'une unité de commande des paramètres des impulsions du générateur d'impulsions, d'un dispositif de charge de la batterie à condensateurs, d'une unité de distribution des impulsions entre les éclateurs, d'un générateur d'impulsions et d'une batterie à condensateurs, toutes et tous reliés en série. Pour contrôler et gérer le processus on a posé à l'intérieur du TP et l'espace intermédiaire des capteurs acoustiques ainsi que des capteurs de température et de pression.
PCT/RU2012/000937 2011-11-17 2012-11-15 Procédé pour éliminer et empêcher la formation de résidus goudronneux d'asphaltènes et de paraffine dans des puits de pétrole et des pipelines et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre WO2013073997A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2011146464 2011-11-17
RU2011146464/03A RU2475627C1 (ru) 2011-11-17 2011-11-17 Способ ликвидации и предотвращения образования асфальтено-смоло-парафиновых отложений в нефтяных скважинах и нефтепроводах и установка для его осуществления

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WO2013073997A3 WO2013073997A3 (fr) 2013-07-11

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321664A1 (de) * 1992-07-21 1994-01-27 Geodrill Bohr Gmbh Verfahren zum Ablösen von Ablagerungen
RU2175898C1 (ru) * 2000-04-25 2001-11-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Еврофинчерметхолдинг" Электроразрядное устройство для очистки поверхностей полых изделий
RU93700U1 (ru) * 2009-12-28 2010-05-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Азово-Черноморская государственная агроинженерная академия" (ФГОУ ВПО АЧГАА) Устройство для управления электрогидравлической установкой
RU2388908C1 (ru) * 2009-04-03 2010-05-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Соновита" Способ электрогидравлического воздействия на нефтяной пласт и устройство для его осуществления

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FR2540413B1 (fr) * 1983-02-04 1986-07-11 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de surface a l'aide de decharges electriques
RU2055171C1 (ru) * 1993-12-14 1996-02-27 Всероссийский нефтегазовый научно-исследовательский институт Способ интенсификации добычи нефти
RU2244109C1 (ru) * 2004-05-06 2005-01-10 Толоконский Сергей Игоревич Способ обработки призабойной зоны скважины
RU2368765C2 (ru) * 2007-12-24 2009-09-27 Белянский Владимир Самуилович Способ электрогидроимпульсного воздействия в нефтегазовых скважинах и скважинный генератор для его осуществления
RU2382373C1 (ru) * 2008-06-23 2010-02-20 Анатолий Яковлевич Картелев Способ дистанционного контроля скважинных электроразрядных аппаратов

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321664A1 (de) * 1992-07-21 1994-01-27 Geodrill Bohr Gmbh Verfahren zum Ablösen von Ablagerungen
RU2175898C1 (ru) * 2000-04-25 2001-11-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Еврофинчерметхолдинг" Электроразрядное устройство для очистки поверхностей полых изделий
RU2388908C1 (ru) * 2009-04-03 2010-05-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Соновита" Способ электрогидравлического воздействия на нефтяной пласт и устройство для его осуществления
RU93700U1 (ru) * 2009-12-28 2010-05-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Азово-Черноморская государственная агроинженерная академия" (ФГОУ ВПО АЧГАА) Устройство для управления электрогидравлической установкой

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WO2013073997A3 (fr) 2013-07-11

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