WO2013071455A1

WO2013071455A1 - Method and system for reducing anions and cations of a liquid medium by applying electric and magnetic fields and electromagnetic radiation

Info

Publication number: WO2013071455A1
Application number: PCT/CL2012/000028
Authority: WO
Inventors: Guillermo Gomez Verdejo
Original assignee: Quantum Matrix Spa
Priority date: 2011-11-16
Filing date: 2012-06-11
Publication date: 2013-05-23
Also published as: CL2011002879A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a system for reducing anions and cations in a liquid medium. The method is carried out by applying a technology of energy stimuli which uses the simultaneous application of electric and magnetic fields and electromagnetic radiation in various steps of a series of chemical and physical processes. Said method solves the problem of liquids having a high ionic charge.

Description

PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCTION OF ANIONS AND CATIONS OF A LIQUID MEDIUM APPLYING ELECTRICAL FIELDS. MAGNETICS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADICATION.

The present invention relates to a process and a system for the reduction of anions and cations in a liquid medium. The procedure is performed by applying an energy stimulation technology that uses the simultaneous application of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic radiation fields in different stages of a series of chemical and physical processes. With this procedure, the problem of high ionic charge content in liquids is solved.

Water pollution is a problem that increases as countries develop. From garbage produced by men to industrial processes are the main pollutants of this scarce good. Liquid industrial waste has a high content of organic material, while less polluted waters contain a high rate of inorganic type ions of different sizes and can be found in ionic or molecular forms. For both cases it is possible to reduce this ionic charge using different physical-chemical stimuli.

The technical problem that solves this invention is to reduce the amount of ionic charge present in liquids, in addition to eliminating the amount of entrainment material, this with the use of a small amount of chemical reagents, which reduces the costs of the process. In this way, the treated water can be disposed of into the sewer system, complying with the respective regulations.

In the current state of the art we can find publications that describe water treatments:

In US Publication No. 1999/03076 an electrocoagulation reactor for wastewater treatment is described, which consists of a variety of rectangular plates that slidably engage the inner surfaces of at least some of the side walls. and electrocoagulation system to extract contaminants from an effluent. The present invention differs from the disclosures of this document because it comprises an oxidation step within the process. In the publication of NO 001881995 an apparatus for the treatment of water is described, it comprises a pool that has a diffuser means at its bottom. During the operation of the apparatus, the diffuser means produces air bubbles of various sizes, which act so as to bring the impurities present in the water to the surface. The air bubbles also serve to circulate the pool water in the form of a first stream in an outward direction, from the diffuser medium. In addition, there is a flow generator in the pool, which acts to circulate the water in the form of a second stream, circumferentially in the pool. The present invention differs from the disclosures of the Norwegian document because it has the use of electric fields and electromagnetic waves in its process.

Publication DE 199601084 describes a process and system for purification of wastewater in several successive stages that include a first stage for anaerobic treatment of sewage with sludge return and an installation for the control of residence time of water residual in the anaerobic stage by variation in the volume of the anaerobic stage. The present invention differs from the disclosures of the German document because it includes the use of electric fields and electromagnetic waves in its process.

Publication USNo.1997 / 00413 describes a method and aeration reactor for treating wastewater streams that are subject to variable flow rates. In a described reactor, an aeration pond has two aeration cells separated by a divider curtain and connected in series, so that they normally receive wastewater in the first aeration cell and then pass the wastewater to a second aeration cell that is followed by a clarifier to separate the sludge from the treated wastewater. A liquid level detector in the reactor responds to waves in the flow of wastewater through the reactor, to redirect the incoming sewage and sludge returning from the first aeration cell into the second aeration cell and isolate the first isolation cell to preserve the active sludge of this cell. The present invention differs from the disclosures of the publication American because it includes the use of electric fields and electromagnetic waves in its procedure.

In US Pat. No. 7,595,001 a process is described for treating saline waters containing dissolved solids so as to precipitate said solids based on the addition of calcium ions. The present invention differs from the US patent because it comprises a step to precipitate the ions present in the water through electric and electromagnetic fields.

An object of the present invention is to reduce electrical charges, whether atomic ions, molecular ions, subatomic particles, such as electrons, protons. An object of the present invention is to generate a tensor effect on elementary and composite particles.

An object of the present invention is to form a stable insoluble compound, which allows salts to be separated by a precipitation mechanism.

The process of the present invention can be applied to obtain water as irrigation, in the case of RIL treatment. From the product of seawater treatment, process water quality is achieved.

Figure description

Figure 1 shows the embodiment of the present invention, where the elements that constitute the system for performing the water treatment process are specified, via the reduction of anions and cations in a liquid medium. Detailed description of the invention

An embodiment of the present invention described in accordance with Figure 1 refers to a system that includes the following components:

At least one column reactor (1) that is selected from a glass column where the oxidation process is performed;

At least one air blower (2) that drives the air that is captured from the environment and sent to the quantum field generator (3);

At least one quantum field generator (3) which is a concentric reactor that radiates ultraviolet light in the region of 180 to 190 nm (nanometers);

Micro bubble diffusers (4) that blow the photonized air from the quantum field generator (3) into the water inside the column reactor (1); At least one spiral coil (5) located outside the column reactor (1) and is connected to a source of alternating current power (6);

AC power source (6): Connects the spiral coil (5) to provide a magnetic field that allows oxidation to occur;

At least one reactor tank (7) containing 3 pairs of electrodes: A first pair of electrodes formed by a mixture of calcium and aluminum (8) that acts as a cathode and AISI 316 stainless steel (9) that acts as an anode; A second pair of electrodes formed by anodized aluminum (11) that acts as a cathode and stainless steel AISI 316 (12) that acts as an anode; in addition, a third pair of electrodes, both of AISI 316 stainless steel (14 and 15), which carry the electromagnetic frequency and are connected to a wave generator (16); one paddle stirrer (17) and a means for varying the stirring speed (18);

Power sources (10 and 13) corresponding to a medium that produces electrostatic charges, which are transmitted to the water through the at least four electrodes, a first calcium-aluminum electrode (8), a second aluminum electrode (11) and third and fourth stainless steel electrodes AISI 316 (9 and 12);

The at least one first electrode is a calcium-aluminum electrode (8) that acts as a cathode in deionization and connects to the positive pole of the power source (10);

The at least one second electrode is an aluminum electrode (11) of flat configuration, acts as a cathode in deionization and is connected to the positive pole of the power source (13);

The at least third and fourth electrodes, stainless steel electrodes AISI 316 (9 and 12) of flat configuration that act as anodes in deionization and connect to the negative pole of both power sources (10 and 13);

The at least fifth and sixth electrodes, stainless steel AISI 316 electrodes (14 and 15) that are used for the electromagnetic field process and connected to a wave generator (16);

At least one wave generator (16) corresponding to a medium that causes an electromagnetic frequency, which is directed towards the liquid through the stainless steel electrodes AISI 316 (14 and 15); At least one stirrer per vane (17) corresponding to an element used to keep the water in constant homogenization;

At least one means for varying the stirring speed (18) corresponding to an element used to regulate the stirring speed and is connected to the stirrer by paddle (17).

The present invention also relates to a process for treating liquids through a batch system.

In one mode of the process, a sample of 500 ml_ of water is taken. This water is sent to an oxidation column reactor (1) and is oxidized for 1.5 minutes. The oxidation is carried out by air blown by a blower unit (2). Air flow measurements are made with rotameters.

The process begins when the air passes through a field of light radiation at 185 nm. The system is composed of an electric field that is located inside at least one column and a spiral-like magnetic field around the at least one column. The air enters at least one column reactor (1) through micro bubble diffusers (4).

The method of generating and stabilizing free radicals requires electromagnetic radiation (hv), magnetic field (φ), radiation length (λ), the kinetic constant (K).

For this, the occurrence of the following chemical reactions that occur in the column reactor (1) is favored.

Reaction 1

0 ₃ 4- ff _a 0 «-» 2 OH ^α O-

Quantum energy is provided by at least one concentric ultraviolet (UV) light reactor in the region of 180 nm to 190 nm. Said at least one concentric reactor has a radial radiation light and steering bars that apply an electric field.

Other free radicals are also formed, as indicated in Reaction 2. Reaction 2 ¾ + e ~ + M¾ ^"

Once the oxidation is finished, which is basically aimed at the organic load present in the waters, the process continues in at least one reactor pond (7). The process in the at least one reactor tank (7) begins with the application of fields by means of at least 2 pairs of electrodes: A first pair of electrodes formed by a mixture of Calcium and Aluminum (+) (8) and AISI 316 stainless steel (-) (9), which has a working range between 0.12 and 0.20 A.

A second pair of electrodes formed by anodized aluminum (+) (11) and stainless steel AISI 316 (-) (12). Each pair is fed by an individual power source (10 and 13). This second electric field works with a range between 0.7 and 0.9 A.

In addition, at least a third pair of electrodes, both of stainless steel AISI 316 (14 and 15), which aim to transport an electromagnetic frequency that is emitted through a wave generator (16), which can emit many types of waves, for example, sine waves, sawtooth, square wave, among others. At this stage of the process, several chemical precipitation reactions occur.

All processes that involve the use of fields are performed with agitation that is in the range between 80 rpm to 120 rpm.

At the end of the previous stage, all fields and electromagnetic oscillations are disconnected.

Finally, the water is subjected to a flocculation process within said at least one reactor tank (7), a small dose of flocculant and the stirring speed is reduced to 60 rpm for 5 minutes. Then, the stirring is reduced again to 45 rpm to facilitate the adsorption phenomenon.

In this way, a conventional solid-liquid separation occurs, which can be flotation, decantation and finally conventional filtration.

EXAMPLE 1 :

The example shows a first embodiment of the invention.

500 mL of seawater is added to the inside of a 1,000 mL capacity column reactor (1), inside of which there is a micro bubble diffuser (4) connected to an air blower (2), which in turn, it is located outside the column reactor (1), where air directed to a quantum field generator (3) enters, oxidizes for 1.5 minutes with an air flow of 1 L / min. In parallel, a spiral coil with 30 turns is connected around the column reactor (1). The coil is connected to an AC power source that operates with a current intensity of about 0.1 A while oxidation occurs.

At the end of this stage of the process, seawater is transferred to a reactor tank (7), where the calcium-aluminum electrodes (8) and stainless steel AISI 316 (9) are connected to the power source (0) .

In parallel, the electrodes of aluminum (11) and stainless steel AISI 316 (12) are connected to the power source (13). The power source (10) operates with a current intensity between 0.12 and 0.20 A for 12 minutes, while the power source (13) works with a current intensity between 0.7 and 0.9 A for 12 minutes

The third pair of electrodes, both of AISI 316 stainless steel (14 and 15), are connected to a wave generator (16), which operates in parallel to the power sources (10 and 13), performing it with a wave sinusoidal type with a wavelength of 2.5 mV and a rms voltage of 1.5 Volt.

During the time that these stages of the process last, the entire system is kept in constant agitation, using a paddle stirrer (17) connected to a means to vary the stirring speed (18) with a stirring speed of 90 rpm .

Once the time is up, the electric fields and the electromagnetic wave are disconnected and the stirring speed is reduced to 60 rpm. 5 mL of flocculant are added and allowed to stir for 5 minutes. Subsequently, stirring is reduced to 45 rpm and stirred for 1 minute.

Finally, the treated water passes through a sand-carbon filter.

Table 1 shows the operating conditions of the Oxidation system. Table 1

Installed Power Light Watts 10

Exposure time Minutes 1, 5

Exposure volume L / min 1

Watt 2.5 Blower Power

Spiral coil Laps 30 Intensity Amps 0.1

O _il scac Voltage Volts 10

M _eth a _g n Power Watts 1

Power Oxidation Watts 13.5

Work done W-Hr 0,338

Water volume L 0.5

Oxidation Energy (W-Hr) / L 0.675

In table 2 we can find the operating conditions used. The table reflects all aspects measured in the reactor in fields 1 (C1) and 2 (C2) with application of magnetic oscillations.

Table 2

Description Parameter Unit Minimum Maximum

Intensity Amps 0.12 0.20

Voltage Voltage 1, 1 1, 9

Watts power 0.13 0.38

Time R Minutes 12 12 o o Volume Liters 0.5 0.5 ü

• ω

LU Work W-Hr 0.03 0.08 or

or. Source Energy (W-Hr) / L 0.05 0.15

AND

(D

O Stirring RPM 80 120

Intensity Amps 0.7 0.9

Voltage Voltage 2.0 2.5

Watts Power 1, 4.25

Time R Minutes 12 12

Volume Liters 0.5 0.5

Work W-Hr 0.28 0.45

O Stirrer Energy (W-Hr) / L 0.56 0.9 co

O Frequency applied MHz 1,500 1,500 c ra Intensity

> o o Amps 0.05 0.05

Voltage Voltage 16 16

Watts power 0.80 0.80 Time R Minutes 15 15

Volume Liters 0.5 0.5

Work W-Hr 0.20 0.20

Magnetic Energy (W-Hr) / L 0.40 0.40

Total Energy (W-Hr) / L 1, 01 1, 45

The design parameters of the electromagnetic system are indicated in the table

3.

Table 3

The results achieved are presented in table 4:

Table 4

Turbidity NTU 0.7 0.2 64.6%

The results achieved in the tests regarding sludge are shown in table 5.

Table 5

Description Unit Value

Concentration of dissolved ions g / L 32.18

Water volume mL 500

Water body 500

% of dissolved ions% 3.22

0.048 aluminum mass

Mass of Ca / AI g 0.015

Total Mass in 500 mL 16,151

Dry mud mass 9,368

The results regarding volumes and heights of sludge that are lotan are expressed in table 6.

Table 6

The results obtained as averages in most of the experiences are due to the parameters indicated in table 4.

EXAMPLE 2:

The example shows a second embodiment of the invention.

500 mL of truck wash water is added to a reactor tank (1) of 1,000 mL capacity, which inside has plates of SAE 1020 Steel (7a and 7b) and Aluminum (6a and 6b). These plates are connected to an electrostatic field generator (5), located outside the reactor, using the Steel plates (7a and 7b) as the anode and the Aluminum plates (6a and 6b) as the cathode. Washing water Trucks are allowed to oxidize by injecting air from a blower (2) that has passed through a quantum field (3), and enters the reactor tank (1) through a diffuser (4) with a flow rate of 1 L / min during 10 minutes. Subsequently, an electric charge of 60 C / L produced by an electrostatic field generator (5) is applied through the plates to produce colloidal destabilization, keeping everything in constant agitation, using paddle stirrer (8) with a means for varying the stirring speed (9).

Subsequently, a dose of 10 mL of flocculant is added to accelerate the phase separation, thus producing decantation, in which the treated liquid is separated and taken to an aeration pond.

In the aeration pond (10) oxygen is injected from a blower (2) through diffusers (4) located at the bottom of the pond, with a flow rate of 1 L / min for 10 minutes.

Finally, the treated water passes through a multimedia filter and by filtration of cartridges. In this way, a solution of admissible conditions for its disposal towards the sewage system is obtained.

In table 7 we can find the operating conditions used.

Table 7

Table 8 shows the efficiency achieved in the remaining solution. The Input column is presented, which indicates the initial concentrations of the sample. The Output column indicates the value reached after the treatment applied. The% removal column shows the performance achieved.

Table 8

DB0 ₅ mg / L 1,484 100 93.3

Table 8 shows the high initial concentrations of COD and BOD5, which are reduced through the aforementioned treatment to achieve a high% removal.

The results achieved are presented in table 9:

Table 9

Element Symbol Unit TTMorma ^" Values

Oils and fats A and G mg / L 150 40

Aluminum Al mg / L 10 5

Arsenic As mg / L 0.5 ND

Boron B mg / L 4 1

Cadmium Cd mg / L 0.5 0.1

Cyanide CN ^" mg / L 1 0,05

Copper Cu mg / L 3 0.5

Hexavalent Chromium Cr ^{s +} mg / L 0.5 0.05

Total chromium Cr mg / L 10 0.22

Total hydrocarbons HC mg / L 20 10

Manganese Mn mg / L 4 1

Mercury Hg mg / L 0.02 ND

Nickel Ni mg / L 4 0.5

pH PH unit 5.5 - 9.0 6.5

Lead Pb mg / L 1 0.2

Foaming power PE mm 7 2

Sedimentable solids SD mg / L 1h 20 10

Sulfates SO ₄ ² - mg / L 1,000 200

Sulfides s ² - mg / L 5 0.5

Temperature T ° ° C 35 <35

Zinc Zn mg / L 5 0.5

BOD ₅ BOD ₅ mg / L 300 100

Phosphorus P mg / L 10-15 3.8

Ammoniacal nitrogen NH ₄ ⁺ mg / L 80 20 Total suspended solids SS mg / L 300 50

Standard 609, for the discharge of effluents that are carried out to sewage networks that have sewage treatment plants, requires the maximum levels as indicated in the column Standard in table 3. According to the results obtained, the procedure performed complies with the regulations respective.

Claims

1. Procedure for the reduction of anions and cations in a liquid medium, comprising:

a) direct air taken from the environment and blown, to a first field of electromagnetic radiation,

b) entering the air resulting from step a), into at least one column reactor containing the liquid medium to be treated,

c) letting the oxidation reaction occur between the air entered in step b) and the liquid medium to be treated, simultaneously subjecting said column reactor to a second field of electromagnetic radiation;

d) transferring the liquid medium resulting from step c), to at least one reactor tank under permanent agitation, the liquid medium is subjected to a third field of electromagnetic radiation; Y

e) subject the liquid medium resulting from d), to a conventional solid-liquid separation.

2. The method of claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that step e) comprises a solid-liquid separation by flotation, decantation and filtration.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step b), the air enters said at least one column reactor by means of at least one micro bubble diffuser medium.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein in step b), the air supplied by the micro bubble diffuser means is previously blown to said micro bubble diffusers by means of an air blower means that captures air from the environment.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step a), said radiation is ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

6. The method of claim, wherein step d) comprises varying the speed of agitation.

7. System for the reduction of anions and cations in a liquid medium, comprising:

at least one column reactor (1) where an oxidation reaction occurs; at least one air blower means (2) that drives the air that is collected from the environment and sent to the quantum field generator (3);

at least one quantum field generator (3) where the air is subjected to a field of electromagnetic radiation;

micro bubble diffuser means (4) that blow air from said quantum field generator (3) into said at least one column reactor (1);

at least one spiral coil (5) externally surrounding said at least one column reactor (1);

at least one source of alternating current power (6) connected to said at least one spiral coil (5);

at least one reactor tank (7) comprising 3 pairs of electrodes (8, 9; 11, 12, 14 and 15), a stirring means (17), and a means that allows varying the stirring speed (8);

power sources (10 and 13) that produce electrostatic charges that are transmitted by the liquid medium through said at least three pairs of electrodes (8; 11; 9 and 12);

wherein said at least one first pair of electrodes (8, 11) comprises a first electrode that acts as a cathode in deionization and located at the inner edge of the reactor tank (7) and that together with a second electrode that acts as an anode, is connect to a power source (10);

said at least second pair of electrodes (9,18) comprises a third electrode that acts as a cathode in the deionization process, of flat configuration, located on the inner edge of the reactor tank (7) that together with a fourth stainless steel electrode AISI 316 (12) are connected to a power source (13); said at least third pair of electrodes (14, 15) comprises two flat configuration electrodes that act as anodes in deionization, and are connected to the power sources (10 and 13) and that connect at least one wave generator ( 16);

said at least one wave generator (16) originates an electromagnetic frequency, which is directed towards the liquid through said third pair of electrodes to transmit the electromagnetic oscillations; said stirring means is connected to at least one means that allows varying and regulating the stirring speed (18);

said at least one means that allows varying the stirring speed (18) is connected to the stirrer by paddle (17).

8. The system of claim 7, wherein said at least one column reactor corresponds to at least one glass column reactor.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said quantum field generating means is a concentric reactor.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein said concentric reactor radiates the air with ultraviolet light in the region of 180 to 190 nanometers (nm).

11. The system of claim 7, wherein said stirrer means is selected from one stirrer per blade.

12. The system of claim 7, wherein said first pair of electrodes comprises a first electrode selected from a calcium-aluminum electrode (8) and a second electrode selected from an AISI 316 stainless steel electrode (11).

13. The system of claim 7, wherein said second pair of electrodes comprises a third electrode selected from an aluminum electrode (11) and a fourth electrode selected from an AISI 316 stainless steel electrode (12).

14. The system of claim 7, wherein said third pair of electrodes comprises a fifth and eighth electrode (14,15) of AISI 316 stainless steel (14,15).

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said third pair of electrodes are located at the inner edge of the reactor tank (7).

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced anions and cations are selected from chlorides, sulfates, bicarbonates, bromides, sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium, strontium, boric acid derivatives with electric charge, silicates, oil derivatives and fats with electric charge, aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cyanide, copper, hexavalent chromium, manganese, mercury, nickel, lead, sulfides, zinc, phosphorus and ammoniacal nitrogen.