WO2013070132A1 - Image processing method for dynamic auto-adjustment of an ir image - Google Patents

Image processing method for dynamic auto-adjustment of an ir image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013070132A1
WO2013070132A1 PCT/SE2012/000175 SE2012000175W WO2013070132A1 WO 2013070132 A1 WO2013070132 A1 WO 2013070132A1 SE 2012000175 W SE2012000175 W SE 2012000175W WO 2013070132 A1 WO2013070132 A1 WO 2013070132A1
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Prior art keywords
image
image processing
basis
region
calculated
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PCT/SE2012/000175
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French (fr)
Inventor
Wadelius URBAN
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Flir Systems Ab
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Publication of WO2013070132A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013070132A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/40—Image enhancement or restoration using histogram techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/50—Image enhancement or restoration using two or more images, e.g. averaging or subtraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/90—Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10048—Infrared image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20092—Interactive image processing based on input by user
    • G06T2207/20104—Interactive definition of region of interest [ROI]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for image processing, comprising auto-adjustment of an IR image.
  • the invention additionally relates to a device for image processing, comprising a registration device for an image, an image processing unit, and an image display unit for an image.
  • Systems for registering and displaying images taken in the infrared wavelength range have used various forms of image processing to improve the visualization of the registered image.
  • IR infrared
  • Details and structure in IR video are normally constituted by small variations in signal strength within a local region.
  • the total dynamic range in a single image can be large.
  • the difference in signal level between a cold region and a warm region can give rise to the possible registration of 2 n levels, where 2 n is the digital dynamic in the system for registering images .
  • 2 n is the digital dynamic in the system for registering images .
  • 2 16 about 65,000 levels are given.
  • this signal will be compressed, so that its total dynamic range becomes 8 bits or 256 distinct colours before it is displayed to an operator.
  • the reason for this is an adaptation to video standards.
  • a purely linear compression of the signal is almost always unsuitable, since a small region with widely differing signal level is at risk of using all the dynamic range, whereupon an image having, in principle, just a few colour and grey scale levels is obtained.
  • IR image also referred to as the IR scene
  • colouring and level adjustment are adapted on the basis of the IR radiation of objects and backgrounds present in the image. If consequently there are extremes, such as, for example, a cold sky, then the image can be adjusted such that detailed information disappears from the image.
  • Image processing is preferably realized by mathematical methods on a digital representation of the information content of the registered image.
  • the currently existing methods for auto-adjustment often use a fixed part of the image as the basis for calculating level adjustment.
  • a histogram is calculated on the basis of the fixed part of the image and is used for colouring and level adjustment of the image. If, in this part of the image, an object which differs in terms of temperature, such as, for example, a cold sky, is present, then the level adjustment can prove to be unsuitable.
  • the cold sky causes the dynamic in the image to be limited and details which have low temperature variation relative to one another are not differentiated.
  • One object of the present invention is to propose a method for auto-adjustment of image information, so that the detailed information in the image is retained. Other objects of the invention are described in greater detail in connection with the detailed description of the invention.
  • the invention relates to an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image, in which the following steps are included:
  • an auto-adjusted image is calculated on the basis of the scaling of the original image with the distribution measure.
  • the detailed information image is a Tenengrad image
  • the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator
  • the region in the original image is chosen by a user of the image processing method indicating a region
  • the region in the original image is chosen automatically on the basis of values in the detailed information image
  • the distribution measure is a histogram calculation.
  • the invention is further constituted by a device for image processing, comprising a registration device for an image, an image processing unit, and an image display unit for an image, in which:
  • an auto-adjusted image is calculated by the original image being scaled with the distribution measure in the image processing unit
  • the registration device for an image is an IR camera; the detailed information image is a Tenengrad image; the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator; the region in the original image is chosen by a user of the image processing method indicating a region on the basis of an original image displayed in the image display unit; the region in the original image is chosen automatically in the image processing unit on the basis of values in the detailed information image; the distribution measure is a histogram calculation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram for an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram for components in an image processing system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 A block diagram for an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the original image 2 is image-processed and is corrected for, for example, enhancement, or gain, offset and noise reduction, before an edge detection 3 is realized by, for example, the Sobel operator or some other edge-detecting operator such as standard deviation, Prewitt operator or the Roberts operator.
  • edge detection operators Common to the edge-detecting operators is that edges in the registered image are detected and/or enhanced and/or stored. Edge-detecting low-pass filters and edge-detecting operators are well known and described in the literature and are not discussed in greater depth in the application text.
  • a detailed information image 4 also referred to as a detailed image, is created on the basis of the original image 2 after the image detection block 3.
  • the detailed information image 4 the detailed information of the original image can be determined and/or identified. On the basis of the detailed information image 4, a selection is made of which region in the detailed information image 4, and thus the original image 2, should be used to calculate a distribution measure.
  • a choice of region 5 can be made in the original image 2, the detailed information image 4, or the auto-adjusted image 8.
  • the selected region can be determined manually by an operator or automatically by an image processing unit. In manual determination of the region, the choice of region 5 can be made around an object which is deemed interesting.
  • the region can be chosen on the basis of algorithms for image detection, for example detection of a vehicle, or on the basis of a calculated measure. The region is determined by a box and the size of the box can be varied by the user.
  • a box can be created around the interesting object, for example a vehicle, but can also be adapted to exclude the vehicle in order to better visualize the region around the vehicle. It is also conceivable for the chosen region to consist of a plurality of separated boxes which together act as the basis for calculating a distribution measure.
  • the user can change the size and positioning of the box, as well as threshold values, in order to adapt the auto- adjusted image so that it suits the requirements of the user. Even after an automatic generation of a box around a region, the user can modify and adapt the settings on the basis of the user requirements.
  • the auto-adjusted image is determined by a distribution measure which is created on the basis of the content in the original image over the chosen region.
  • Threshold values can be set automatically on the basis of the total dynamic of the image or the dynamic of the chosen box, or alternatively on the basis of the user requirements and manually inputted values.
  • the threshold values define the dynamic within which the coordinates of the box are created.
  • the auto-adjusted image is adapted to the operator with the threshold values.
  • the size and shape of the box, and the number of boxes, are adapted on the basis of the application and can be varied in dependence on the equipment, the operator and the surroundings .
  • a distribution measure is calculated on the basis of the selected region.
  • the distribution measure is calculated in block 6, calculation of distribution measure.
  • Methods for calculating distribution measures such as, for example, a histogram or standard deviation, are not further touched on in the application text, since it is well known in the literature. Other measures for calculating the distribution can also be found.
  • auto- adjustment on the basis of distribution measure the original image 2 is adjusted on the basis of the calculated distribution measure.
  • the original image can be wholly or partially modified with other image information in order to improve the information content in the image which is presented to an operator of the equipment applying the image processing method.
  • the original image can be image-processed, for example, with various types of filters or enhancements apart from auto-adjustment with distribution measure.
  • the auto-adjusted image 8 contains an image-processed and auto-adjusted version of the original image 2 and is adapted to the particular application and/or equipment.
  • Fig. 2 is shown a block diagram for components in an image processing system 10 according to the invention.
  • the image processing system 10 consists of a registration device 11, which is an image fetching unit and can be a camera or an image sensor, an image processing unit 12 and an image display unit 13.
  • the registration device 11 registers an image on the target or region towards which the image fetching unit has been directed.
  • the registration device 11 is preferably in this case an IR camera, but can also be other types of image fetching equipment, such as cameras or sensors. Where the registration device 11 is an IR camera, then the IR radiation emitted from the object within the view of the registration device is registered.
  • the image processing unit 12 processes the image from the registration device 11 with algorithms suitable for the purpose. Examples of suitable algorithms are edge enhancement, compression, noise reduction and other types of filtering algorithms, auto-adjustment algorithms or image modification algorithms.
  • the image processing is preferably carried out in programmable electronics comprising microprocessors and/or signal processors.
  • the image processing unit 12 is thus constituted by a device for handling image information from the registration device 11, a device for image-processing the image information from the image fetching unit, and a device for transmitting the image-processed image information to an image display unit 13.
  • the image display unit 13 can be constituted by a display or other optical visualization equipment adapted on the basis of the use and installation of the image processing system 10.
  • the image display unit 13 and/or the image processing unit 12 also comprise (s) devices for controlling the image processing system 10, such as for indicating threshold levels and size of box where an image processing system for auto-ad ustment is applied.
  • a device for controlling the image processing system 10 can be, for example, a touch element, a keyboard or a touch screen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image (1 ), in which the following steps are included: (a) an original image (2) is created, (b) a detailed information image (4) is calculated on the basis of the original image (2), (c) a region in the original image (2) is chosen on the basis of the content in the detailed information image (4), (d) a distribution measure is calculated (6) on the basis of the chosen region, (e) an auto-adjusted image (8) is calculated on the basis of the scaling of the original image (2) with the distribution measure. Also a device for image processing containing the steps above (a)- (e) is described. A step (f) is included in the device claims where the auto adjusted image is visualized in the display unit.

Description

IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD FOR DYNAMIC AUTO-ADJUSTMENT OF AN IR IMAGE
The present invention relates to a method for image processing, comprising auto-adjustment of an IR image. The invention additionally relates to a device for image processing, comprising a registration device for an image, an image processing unit, and an image display unit for an image.
Various solutions for image processing, such as, for example, various forms of filtration or enhancement of details, are well-known techniques for improving the visualization of a registered image. Also various types of compression, level adjustment and/or colouring methods of image information are known, partly in order to reduce the information content of the image and thus obtain images with less quantity of information, but also to adapt the image to the viewer of the image. As the viewer, a human has a limited capacity to differentiate between both details and different colours and grey scales.
Systems for registering and displaying images taken in the infrared wavelength range have used various forms of image processing to improve the visualization of the registered image.
One example of image registration in the infrared wavelength range is IR video or IR photography, in which IR stands for infrared. Details and structure in IR video are normally constituted by small variations in signal strength within a local region. At the same time, the total dynamic range in a single image can be large. The difference in signal level between a cold region and a warm region can give rise to the possible registration of 2n levels, where 2n is the digital dynamic in the system for registering images . In the case of 216, about 65,000 levels are given. Typically, this signal will be compressed, so that its total dynamic range becomes 8 bits or 256 distinct colours before it is displayed to an operator. The reason for this is an adaptation to video standards. A purely linear compression of the signal is almost always unsuitable, since a small region with widely differing signal level is at risk of using all the dynamic range, whereupon an image having, in principle, just a few colour and grey scale levels is obtained.
In the particular IR image, also referred to as the IR scene, colouring and level adjustment are adapted on the basis of the IR radiation of objects and backgrounds present in the image. If consequently there are extremes, such as, for example, a cold sky, then the image can be adjusted such that detailed information disappears from the image. Image processing is preferably realized by mathematical methods on a digital representation of the information content of the registered image.
The currently existing methods for auto-adjustment often use a fixed part of the image as the basis for calculating level adjustment. A histogram is calculated on the basis of the fixed part of the image and is used for colouring and level adjustment of the image. If, in this part of the image, an object which differs in terms of temperature, such as, for example, a cold sky, is present, then the level adjustment can prove to be unsuitable. The cold sky causes the dynamic in the image to be limited and details which have low temperature variation relative to one another are not differentiated. One object of the present invention is to propose a method for auto-adjustment of image information, so that the detailed information in the image is retained. Other objects of the invention are described in greater detail in connection with the detailed description of the invention.
The invention relates to an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image, in which the following steps are included:
(a) an original image is procured,
(b) a detailed information image is calculated on the basis of the original image,
(c) a region in the original image is chosen on the basis of the content in the detailed information image,
(d) a distribution measure is calculated on the basis of a chosen region,
(e) an auto-adjusted image is calculated on the basis of the scaling of the original image with the distribution measure.
According to further aspects of the improved image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image according to the invention: the detailed information image is a Tenengrad image; the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator ; the region in the original image is chosen by a user of the image processing method indicating a region; the region in the original image is chosen automatically on the basis of values in the detailed information image; the distribution measure is a histogram calculation. The invention is further constituted by a device for image processing, comprising a registration device for an image, an image processing unit, and an image display unit for an image, in which:
(a) an original image is procured with the registration device,
(b) a detailed information image is calculated in the image processing unit on the basis of the original image ,
(c) a region in the original image is chosen in the image processing unit on the basis of the content in the detailed information image,
(d) a distribution measure is calculated in the image processing unit on the basis of the chosen region in the original image,
(e) an auto-adjusted image is calculated by the original image being scaled with the distribution measure in the image processing unit,
(f) the auto-adjusted image is visualized in the image display unit.
According to further aspects of the improved device for image processing according to the invention: the registration device for an image is an IR camera; the detailed information image is a Tenengrad image; the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator; the region in the original image is chosen by a user of the image processing method indicating a region on the basis of an original image displayed in the image display unit; the region in the original image is chosen automatically in the image processing unit on the basis of values in the detailed information image; the distribution measure is a histogram calculation.
The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to the appended figures, in which: Fig. 1 shows a block diagram for an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram for components in an image processing system according to the invention.
A block diagram for an image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1. The original image 2 is image-processed and is corrected for, for example, enhancement, or gain, offset and noise reduction, before an edge detection 3 is realized by, for example, the Sobel operator or some other edge-detecting operator such as standard deviation, Prewitt operator or the Roberts operator. Common to the edge-detecting operators is that edges in the registered image are detected and/or enhanced and/or stored. Edge-detecting low-pass filters and edge-detecting operators are well known and described in the literature and are not discussed in greater depth in the application text. A detailed information image 4, also referred to as a detailed image, is created on the basis of the original image 2 after the image detection block 3. In the detailed information image 4, the detailed information of the original image can be determined and/or identified. On the basis of the detailed information image 4, a selection is made of which region in the detailed information image 4, and thus the original image 2, should be used to calculate a distribution measure. A choice of region 5 can be made in the original image 2, the detailed information image 4, or the auto-adjusted image 8. The selected region can be determined manually by an operator or automatically by an image processing unit. In manual determination of the region, the choice of region 5 can be made around an object which is deemed interesting. In automatic choice of the region 5, the region can be chosen on the basis of algorithms for image detection, for example detection of a vehicle, or on the basis of a calculated measure. The region is determined by a box and the size of the box can be varied by the user. If an automatic choice of the region is made, a box can be created around the interesting object, for example a vehicle, but can also be adapted to exclude the vehicle in order to better visualize the region around the vehicle. It is also conceivable for the chosen region to consist of a plurality of separated boxes which together act as the basis for calculating a distribution measure. The user can change the size and positioning of the box, as well as threshold values, in order to adapt the auto- adjusted image so that it suits the requirements of the user. Even after an automatic generation of a box around a region, the user can modify and adapt the settings on the basis of the user requirements. The auto-adjusted image is determined by a distribution measure which is created on the basis of the content in the original image over the chosen region. Threshold values can be set automatically on the basis of the total dynamic of the image or the dynamic of the chosen box, or alternatively on the basis of the user requirements and manually inputted values. The threshold values define the dynamic within which the coordinates of the box are created. The auto-adjusted image is adapted to the operator with the threshold values. The size and shape of the box, and the number of boxes, are adapted on the basis of the application and can be varied in dependence on the equipment, the operator and the surroundings .
A distribution measure is calculated on the basis of the selected region. The distribution measure is calculated in block 6, calculation of distribution measure. Methods for calculating distribution measures, such as, for example, a histogram or standard deviation, are not further touched on in the application text, since it is well known in the literature. Other measures for calculating the distribution can also be found. In block 7, auto- adjustment on the basis of distribution measure, the original image 2 is adjusted on the basis of the calculated distribution measure. Here too, the original image can be wholly or partially modified with other image information in order to improve the information content in the image which is presented to an operator of the equipment applying the image processing method. The original image can be image-processed, for example, with various types of filters or enhancements apart from auto-adjustment with distribution measure. For example, information related to edge detection can be conveyed to the original image before the image is presented to an operator. The auto-adjusted image 8 contains an image-processed and auto-adjusted version of the original image 2 and is adapted to the particular application and/or equipment. In Fig. 2 is shown a block diagram for components in an image processing system 10 according to the invention. The image processing system 10 consists of a registration device 11, which is an image fetching unit and can be a camera or an image sensor, an image processing unit 12 and an image display unit 13. The registration device 11 registers an image on the target or region towards which the image fetching unit has been directed. The registration device 11 is preferably in this case an IR camera, but can also be other types of image fetching equipment, such as cameras or sensors. Where the registration device 11 is an IR camera, then the IR radiation emitted from the object within the view of the registration device is registered. The image processing unit 12 processes the image from the registration device 11 with algorithms suitable for the purpose. Examples of suitable algorithms are edge enhancement, compression, noise reduction and other types of filtering algorithms, auto-adjustment algorithms or image modification algorithms. The image processing is preferably carried out in programmable electronics comprising microprocessors and/or signal processors. The image processing unit 12 is thus constituted by a device for handling image information from the registration device 11, a device for image-processing the image information from the image fetching unit, and a device for transmitting the image-processed image information to an image display unit 13. The image display unit 13 can be constituted by a display or other optical visualization equipment adapted on the basis of the use and installation of the image processing system 10. The image display unit 13 and/or the image processing unit 12 also comprise (s) devices for controlling the image processing system 10, such as for indicating threshold levels and size of box where an image processing system for auto-ad ustment is applied. A device for controlling the image processing system 10 can be, for example, a touch element, a keyboard or a touch screen.
The invention is not limited to the specifically shown embodiments, but can be varied in different ways within the scope of the patent claims.
It will be appreciated that the above-described method for image processing and/or the device for registering an image, image processing and presentation of the image-processed image can be applied to, in principle, all image processing systems, such as IR cameras, cameras, or other optical sensors.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
Image processing method for auto-adjustment of an IR image (1) , characterized in that the following steps are included:
(a) an original image (2) is created,
(b) a detailed information image (4) is calculated on the basis of the original image (2) ,
(c) a region in the original image (2) is chosen on the basis of the content in the detailed information image (4),
(d) a distribution measure is calculated (6) on the basis of a chosen region,
(e) an auto-adjusted image (8) is calculated on the basis of the scaling of the original image (2) with the distribution measure.
Image processing method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the detailed information image (4) is a Tenengrad image.
Image processing method according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator.
Image processing method according to any one of the above claims , characterized in that the region in the original image (2) is chosen by a user of the image processing method (1) indicating a region .
Image processing method according to any one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the region in the original image (2) is chosen automatically on the basis of values in the detailed information image ( 4 ) . Image processing method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the distribution measure is a histogram calculation. 7. Device for image processing (10) , comprising a registration device (11) for an image, an image processing unit (12), and an image display unit (13) for an image, characterized in that:
(a) an original image (2) is created with the registration device (11) ,
(b) a detailed information image (4) is calculated in the image processing unit (12) on the basis of the original image (2),
(c) a region in the original image (2) is chosen in the image processing unit (12) on the basis of the content in the detailed information image (4),
(d) a distribution measure is calculated (6) in the image processing unit (12) on the basis of the chosen region in the original image (2) ,
(e) an auto-adjusted image (8) is calculated by the original image (2) being scaled with the distribution measure in the image processing unit (12) ,
(f) the auto-adjusted image (8) is visualized in the image display unit (13) .
Device for image processing (10) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the registration device (11) for an image is an IR camera.
Device for image processing (10) according to any one of Claims 7 or 8 , characterized in that the detailed information image (4) is a Tenengrad image . Device for image processing (10) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the Tenengrad image is calculated with a Sobel operator.
Device for image processing (10) according to any one of Claims 7-10, characterized in that the region in the original image (2) is chosen by a user of the image processing method (1) indicating a region on the basis of an original image (2) displayed in the image display unit (13) .
Device for image processing (10) according to any one of Claims 7-10, characterized in that the region in the original image (2) is chosen automatically in the image processing unit (12) on the basis of values in the detailed information image (4 ) .
Device for image processing (10) according to any one of Claims 7-12, characterized in that the distribution measure is a histogram calculation.
PCT/SE2012/000175 2011-11-09 2012-11-05 Image processing method for dynamic auto-adjustment of an ir image WO2013070132A1 (en)

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