WO2013061301A1 - Gas turbine plant for electric energy production and method for operating said gas turbine plant - Google Patents

Gas turbine plant for electric energy production and method for operating said gas turbine plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013061301A1
WO2013061301A1 PCT/IB2012/055924 IB2012055924W WO2013061301A1 WO 2013061301 A1 WO2013061301 A1 WO 2013061301A1 IB 2012055924 W IB2012055924 W IB 2012055924W WO 2013061301 A1 WO2013061301 A1 WO 2013061301A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
correcting
calculating
basis
value
parameter indicative
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/055924
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gianfranco PIANA
Gabriela FARAUANU
Original Assignee
Ansaldo Energia S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. filed Critical Ansaldo Energia S.P.A.
Priority to EP12813455.8A priority Critical patent/EP2771555A1/en
Priority to CN201280064317.0A priority patent/CN104011348B/en
Publication of WO2013061301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013061301A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/28—Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F05D2270/082—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases with as little NOx as possible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/335—Output power or torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • GAS TURBINE PLANT FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAID GAS TURBINE PLANT
  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine plant for electric energy production and to a method for operating said plant.
  • gas turbine plants of the combined cycle type are not shut down in the nighttime due to the too long re-starting times. In such plants, the output power is thus minimized in the nighttime.
  • the minimum power which can be achieved by gas turbine plants of the combined cycle type is generally equal to 10% of the rated power.
  • a too high increase of polluting substance emissions (NOx and CO) which exceeds the legal limits, occurs at this power level .
  • the minimum power In order to maintain polluting substance emissions at acceptable levels, the minimum power must be higher than 40% of the rated power.
  • plant managers reserve a further power margin in order to take possible polluting emission oscillations into account, which are due to changes of environmental conditions, fuel composition etc., for example .
  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine plant for electric energy production comprising:
  • a detecting module configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration
  • control device configured to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber on the basis of a reference power value
  • control device comprises calculating means configured to calculate a correcting value of the reference power value at least on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration, and to modify the reference power value on the basis of the calculated correcting value.
  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a gas turbine plant for the production of electric energy; the plant comprising a gas turbine, a combustion chamber supplied with fuel and a detecting module configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration; the method comprising the steps of:
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a gas turbine plant for the production of electric energy according to the present invention
  • figure 2 is a diagrammatic block chart of a first detail of the plant in figure 1.
  • Figure 1 shows a gas turbine plant 1 for the production of electric energy.
  • Plant 1 is selectively connectable to an electric energy distribution network 2 by means of a main switch 3 and comprises a gas turbine assembly 5, a generator 6, a detecting module 7, a control device 8 and a reference value selecting module 9.
  • the gas turbine assembly 5 comprises a compressor 10, a combustion chamber 11 and a gas turbine 12.
  • the combustion chamber 11 receives fuel through a feeding valve 13.
  • Generator 6 is mechanically connected to the same axis as turbine 12 and compressor 10, and is rotationally fed at the same angular rotation speed as turbine 12 and compressor 10.
  • Generator 6 transforms the mechanical power supplied by turbine 12 into active electric energy, hereinafter simply referred to as delivered power P, and makes it available to distribution network 2 at a given frequency.
  • the gas turbine assembly 5 is coupled to a -steam turbine assembly, which is configured to use the heat of the exhaust fumes of the gas turbine 12 to generate steam capable of turning one or more steam turbines .
  • the detecting module 7 communicates with a plurality of sensors (not shown) of plant 1 and provides the control device 8 with a series of parameters related to plant 1 , such as parameters indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% at the exhaust of turbine 12 , parameters indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% at the exhaust of turbine 12 , plant frequency f l7 delivered power P, gas temperature at the exhaust of turbine 12 etc.
  • the reference value selecting module 9 generates reference signals to be supplied to the control device 8 .
  • the reference value selecting module 9 supplies at least one power value, referred to as SPDEF, to the control device 8 .
  • the control device 8 uses the parameters from the detecting module 7 and from the reference value selecting module 9 to generate control signals adapted to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber 11 and the flow rate of air fed to compressor 10 .
  • control device 8 generates a control signal Upv which is sent to valve 13 to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber 11 .
  • the control device 8 comprises a plurality of control modules (not shown in figure) , by means of which the plant variables are controlled, such as, for example, plant frequency, delivered power P, gas temperature at the exhaust of turbine 12 etc.
  • control device 8 comprises a power regulating module 15, an adder node 16 and a set point regulating module 17.
  • the power control module 15 controls the power P delivered by plant 1 on the basis of a reference power value SP, usually referred to as "load set point".
  • the power regulating module 15 receives an input value of the current power P delivered from the detection module 7, and a reference power value SP from the adder node 16.
  • the adder node 16 calculates the reference power value SP as a sum of the predetermined power value SPDEF from the reference value selecting module 9 and a power correcting value SPC from the set point regulating module 17.
  • the power regulating module 15 On the basis of the input data, the power regulating module 15 generates a control signal ⁇ ⁇ to control the valve 13 which feeds the fuel to the combustion chamber 11.
  • the power control module 15 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on a power error, i.e. on the difference between the current power P and the reference power value SP.
  • PID Proportional Integral Derivative
  • the set point regulating module 17 receives at least one parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% at the exhaust of turbine 12 and at least one parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% at the exhaust of turbine 12 from the detecting module 7.
  • the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% is the concentration (expressed as a percentage) of carbon monoxide C0% detected at the exhaust of gas turbine 12
  • the parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% is the concentration (expressed as a percentage) of nitrogen oxides NOx% detected at the exhaust of gas turbine 12.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% are preferably detected by means of respective dedicated sensors.
  • the set point regulating module 17 thus generates a correcting value SPC of the reference power value SP on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% .
  • the set point regulating module 17 comprises a first calculating module 20 configured to calculate a first correcting term SP C o on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO%, a second calculating module 21 configured to calculate a second correcting term SP NOx on the basis of the second parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides N0x%, and an adder node 22 configured to add the first correcting term SP C o to -the second correcting term SP NO and generate the correcting value SPC of the reference power value SP.
  • the first calculating module 20 comprises a calculating block 2 , configured to calculate the correcting term SP C o % on the basis of the difference between the parameter indicative of the concentration of detected carbon monoxide CO% and a predetermined reference value REFCO.
  • the correcting term SP C o % output by the calculating block 24 is expressed in the . unit of measure used for the detected carbon monoxide concentratio (expressed as a percentage in the non- limitative example described and illustrated herein) .
  • the correcting term SP C o output by the calculating block 24 is thus converted into M by a predetermined conversion factor KCO .
  • the correcting term SP COM expressed in MW is thus fed to the adder node 22.
  • the calculating block 24 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on the error between the detected parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and the reference value REFCO.
  • PID Proportional Integral Derivative
  • the second calculating module 21 comprises a calculating block 26, configured to calculate the second correcting term SP NOx% on the basis of the difference between the parameter indicative of the concentration of detected nitrogen oxides NOx% and a predetermined reference value REFNOx.
  • the correcting term SP C o % output by the calculating block 26 is expressed in the unit of measure used for the detected carbon monoxide concentration (expressed as a percentage in the non- limitative example described and illustrated herein) .
  • the correcting term SP HOx% output by the calculating block 26 is thus converted into M by a predetermined conversion factor KNOx.
  • the correcting term SP NOX W expressed in MW is thus fed to the adder node 22.
  • the calculating block 26 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on the error between the detected parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% and the reference value REFNOx.
  • PID Proportional Integral Derivative
  • the correcting value SPC output by the adder node 22 is the sum of the first correcting term SPCOMW and the second correcting term SP N O X MW -
  • the control device 8 preferably comprises an activating device 28, configured to selectively activate the correction of the reference power value SP.
  • the activating device 28 substantially is a selector having two operating positions: an active position, in which the activating device 28 connects the set point correcting module 17 to the adder node 16 to feed the correcting value SPC to the adder node 16, and a second operating position, in which the activating device 28 feeds a signal equal to zero to the adder node 16 in order to prevent the reference power value SP from being corrected.
  • the activating device 18 is preferably controlled by means of a two-state button 30 which can be activated by an operator.
  • the second control device 8 of plant 1 is advantageously configured to correct the reference power value SP on the basis of the level of polluting substance (CO and NOx) emissions.
  • This type of regulation allows plant managers to set a minimum predetermined power value SPDEF which is lower than the minimum predetermined power values currently used.
  • the safety margin considered so far to define the minimum predetermined power value SPDEF for nighttime operation may be reduced or even cancelled out without risking to exceed the legal limits related to the emissions of polluting substances.
  • control device 8 is capable of raising the reference power value SP when emissions dangerously approach the legal limits, e.g. due to variation of the external environmental conditions.
  • the present invention is further advantageous because it allows to minimize the power produced by the thermal plants to the advantage of renewable and nuclear sources .

Abstract

A gas turbine plant for electric energy production provided with: - a gas turbine (12);• - a combustion chamber (11) supplied with fuel; - a detecting module (7) configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine (12) at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%); - a control device 8 configured to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber (11) on the basis of a reference power val ue (SP); the control device (8) is provided with calculating means (16, 17) configured to calculate -a correcting value (SPC) of the reference power value (SP) at least on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) and to modify the reference power value (SP) on the basis of the calculated correcting value (SPC).

Description

GAS TURBINE PLANT FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAID GAS TURBINE PLANT
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a gas turbine plant for electric energy production and to a method for operating said plant.
BACKGROUND ART
The demand for electric energy by the network greatly decreases in the nighttime and the energy sales price is drastically lower.
Therefore, managers of electric energy plants either shut down or minimize the output power in the nighttime.
In particular, gas turbine plants of the combined cycle type are not shut down in the nighttime due to the too long re-starting times. In such plants, the output power is thus minimized in the nighttime.
The minimum power which can be achieved by gas turbine plants of the combined cycle type is generally equal to 10% of the rated power. However, a too high increase of polluting substance emissions (NOx and CO) , which exceeds the legal limits, occurs at this power level .
In order to maintain polluting substance emissions at acceptable levels, the minimum power must be higher than 40% of the rated power.
Furthermore, plant managers reserve a further power margin in order to take possible polluting emission oscillations into account, which are due to changes of environmental conditions, fuel composition etc., for example .
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine plant for electric energy production which is capable of generating a low minimum power as compared to the minimum power which can be obtained so far and fully respecting the legal limits related to polluting substance emissions.
In accordance with such objects, the present invention relates to a gas turbine plant for electric energy production comprising:
- a gas turbine;
- a combustion chamber supplied with fuel;
- a detecting module configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration;
- a control device configured to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber on the basis of a reference power value;
the plant being characterized in that the control device comprises calculating means configured to calculate a correcting value of the reference power value at least on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration, and to modify the reference power value on the basis of the calculated correcting value.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for operating a gas turbine plant for electric energy production which is capable of generating a low minimum power as compared to the minimum power which can be obtained so far and fully respecting the legal limits related to polluting substance emissions.
In accordance with such objects, the present invention relates to a method for operating a gas turbine plant for the production of electric energy; the plant comprising a gas turbine, a combustion chamber supplied with fuel and a detecting module configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration; the method comprising the steps of:
- regulating the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber on the basis of a reference power value ;
- calculating a correcting value at least on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration;
- modifying the reference power value on the basis of the calculated correcting value.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a non-limitative embodiment thereof, with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which:
- figure 1 diagrammatically shows a gas turbine plant for the production of electric energy according to the present invention;
- figure 2 is a diagrammatic block chart of a first detail of the plant in figure 1.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Figure 1 shows a gas turbine plant 1 for the production of electric energy.
Plant 1 is selectively connectable to an electric energy distribution network 2 by means of a main switch 3 and comprises a gas turbine assembly 5, a generator 6, a detecting module 7, a control device 8 and a reference value selecting module 9.
The gas turbine assembly 5 comprises a compressor 10, a combustion chamber 11 and a gas turbine 12. The combustion chamber 11 receives fuel through a feeding valve 13.
Generator 6 is mechanically connected to the same axis as turbine 12 and compressor 10, and is rotationally fed at the same angular rotation speed as turbine 12 and compressor 10. Generator 6 transforms the mechanical power supplied by turbine 12 into active electric energy, hereinafter simply referred to as delivered power P, and makes it available to distribution network 2 at a given frequency.
In a variant of the present invention (not shown) , the gas turbine assembly 5 is coupled to a -steam turbine assembly, which is configured to use the heat of the exhaust fumes of the gas turbine 12 to generate steam capable of turning one or more steam turbines .
The detecting module 7 communicates with a plurality of sensors (not shown) of plant 1 and provides the control device 8 with a series of parameters related to plant 1 , such as parameters indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% at the exhaust of turbine 12 , parameters indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% at the exhaust of turbine 12 , plant frequency fl7 delivered power P, gas temperature at the exhaust of turbine 12 etc.
The reference value selecting module 9 generates reference signals to be supplied to the control device 8 . In particular, the reference value selecting module 9 supplies at least one power value, referred to as SPDEF, to the control device 8 .
The control device 8 uses the parameters from the detecting module 7 and from the reference value selecting module 9 to generate control signals adapted to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber 11 and the flow rate of air fed to compressor 10 .
In particular, the control device 8 generates a control signal Upv which is sent to valve 13 to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber 11 .
The control device 8 comprises a plurality of control modules (not shown in figure) , by means of which the plant variables are controlled, such as, for example, plant frequency, delivered power P, gas temperature at the exhaust of turbine 12 etc.
In particular, the control device 8 comprises a power regulating module 15, an adder node 16 and a set point regulating module 17.
The power control module 15 controls the power P delivered by plant 1 on the basis of a reference power value SP, usually referred to as "load set point". In particular, the power regulating module 15 receives an input value of the current power P delivered from the detection module 7, and a reference power value SP from the adder node 16. The adder node 16 calculates the reference power value SP as a sum of the predetermined power value SPDEF from the reference value selecting module 9 and a power correcting value SPC from the set point regulating module 17.
On the basis of the input data, the power regulating module 15 generates a control signal υΔΡ to control the valve 13 which feeds the fuel to the combustion chamber 11. The power control module 15 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on a power error, i.e. on the difference between the current power P and the reference power value SP.
The set point regulating module 17 receives at least one parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% at the exhaust of turbine 12 and at least one parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% at the exhaust of turbine 12 from the detecting module 7.
In the non- limitative example described and illustrated herein, the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% is the concentration (expressed as a percentage) of carbon monoxide C0% detected at the exhaust of gas turbine 12, whereas the parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% is the concentration (expressed as a percentage) of nitrogen oxides NOx% detected at the exhaust of gas turbine 12.
The concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% are preferably detected by means of respective dedicated sensors.
The set point regulating module 17 thus generates a correcting value SPC of the reference power value SP on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% .
With reference to figure 2, the set point regulating module 17 comprises a first calculating module 20 configured to calculate a first correcting term SPCo on the basis of the parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO%, a second calculating module 21 configured to calculate a second correcting term SPNOx on the basis of the second parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides N0x%, and an adder node 22 configured to add the first correcting term SPCo to -the second correcting term SPNO and generate the correcting value SPC of the reference power value SP.
In particular, the first calculating module 20 comprises a calculating block 2 , configured to calculate the correcting term SPCo% on the basis of the difference between the parameter indicative of the concentration of detected carbon monoxide CO% and a predetermined reference value REFCO.
The correcting term SPCo% output by the calculating block 24 is expressed in the . unit of measure used for the detected carbon monoxide concentratio (expressed as a percentage in the non- limitative example described and illustrated herein) .
The correcting term SPCo output by the calculating block 24 is thus converted into M by a predetermined conversion factor KCO . The correcting term SPCOM expressed in MW is thus fed to the adder node 22.
The calculating block 24 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on the error between the detected parameter indicative of the concentration of carbon monoxide CO% and the reference value REFCO.
The second calculating module 21 comprises a calculating block 26, configured to calculate the second correcting term SPNOx% on the basis of the difference between the parameter indicative of the concentration of detected nitrogen oxides NOx% and a predetermined reference value REFNOx.
The correcting term SPCo% output by the calculating block 26 is expressed in the unit of measure used for the detected carbon monoxide concentration (expressed as a percentage in the non- limitative example described and illustrated herein) .
The correcting term SPHOx% output by the calculating block 26 is thus converted into M by a predetermined conversion factor KNOx. The correcting term SPNOX W expressed in MW is thus fed to the adder node 22.
The calculating block 26 preferably implements a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control logic based on the error between the detected parameter indicative of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx% and the reference value REFNOx.
In essence, the correcting value SPC output by the adder node 22 is the sum of the first correcting term SPCOMW and the second correcting term SPNOXMW -
The control device 8 preferably comprises an activating device 28, configured to selectively activate the correction of the reference power value SP. In detail, the activating device 28 substantially is a selector having two operating positions: an active position, in which the activating device 28 connects the set point correcting module 17 to the adder node 16 to feed the correcting value SPC to the adder node 16, and a second operating position, in which the activating device 28 feeds a signal equal to zero to the adder node 16 in order to prevent the reference power value SP from being corrected. The activating device 18 is preferably controlled by means of a two-state button 30 which can be activated by an operator.
The second control device 8 of plant 1 according to the present invention is advantageously configured to correct the reference power value SP on the basis of the level of polluting substance (CO and NOx) emissions. This type of regulation allows plant managers to set a minimum predetermined power value SPDEF which is lower than the minimum predetermined power values currently used.
By virtue of the present invention, the safety margin considered so far to define the minimum predetermined power value SPDEF for nighttime operation may be reduced or even cancelled out without risking to exceed the legal limits related to the emissions of polluting substances.
Indeed, the control device 8 is capable of raising the reference power value SP when emissions dangerously approach the legal limits, e.g. due to variation of the external environmental conditions.
Thereby, the minimum power produced by plant 1 is advantageously reduced in the nighttime with a considerable saving for plant managers. The cost of sales of energy per MW/h in the nighttime is indeed lower than the production cost.
The present invention is further advantageous because it allows to minimize the power produced by the thermal plants to the advantage of renewable and nuclear sources .
It is finally apparent that changes and variations may be made to the gas turbine plant for electric energy production and to the method for operating said plant described herein, without departing from the scope of the appended claims .

Claims

1. - Gas turbine plant for electric energy- production comprising:
- a gas turbine (12) ;
- a combustion chamber (11) supplied with fuel;
- a detecting module (7) configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine (12) at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) ;
- a control device (8) configured to regulate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber (11) on the basis of a reference power value (SP) ;
the plant being characterized by the fact that the control device (8) comprises calculating means (16, 17) configured to calculate a correcting value (SPC) of the reference power value (SP) at least on the basis of a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) and to modify the reference power value (SP) on the basis of the calculated correcting value (SPC) .
2. - Plant according to claim 1, wherein the detecting module (7) is configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine (12) at least a second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) ; the calculating means (16, 17) being configured to calculate the correcting value (SPC) also on the basis of a second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) .
3. - Plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calculating means (17) comprise a first calculating module (24) configured to calculate a first correcting term (SPCO) on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) .
4. - Plant according to claim 3, wherein the calculating means (17) comprise a second calculating module (26) configured to calculate a second correcting term (SPNOx) on the basis of the second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) .
5. - Plant according to claim 4, wherein the calculating means (17) comprise an adder node (22) configured to calculate the correcting value (SPC) as a sum of the first correcting term (SPCO) and of the second correcting term (SPNOx) .
6. - Plant according to any one of claims from 3 to 5, wherein the first calculating module (24) is configured to calculate the first correcting term (SPCO) on the basis of the difference between the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) and a first reference value (REFCO) .
7. - Plant according to claim 6, wherein the first calculating module (24) comprises a PID type controller.
8. - Plant according to any one of claims from 4 to 7, wherein the second calculating module (26) is configured to calculate the second correcting term (SPNOx) on the basis of the difference between the second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) and a second reference value (REFNOx) .
9.- Plant according to claim 6, wherein the second calculating module (26) comprises a PID type controller.
10.- Method for operating a gas turbine plant (1) for the production of electric energy; the plant (1) comprising a gas turbine (12) , a combustion chamber (11) supplied with fuel and a detecting module (7) configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine (12) at least a first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) ; the method comprising the steps of :
- regulating the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber (11) on the basis of a reference power value (SP) ;
- calculating a correcting value (SPC) at least on the basis of the first parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) ;
- modifying the reference power value (SP) on the basis of the calculated correcting value (SPC) .
11.- Method according to claim 10, wherein the step of modifying the reference power value (SP) comprises the step of adding the calculated correcting value (SPC) to a predefined power value (SPDEF) .
12.- Method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the step of calculating a correcting value (SPC) comprises the step of calculating a first correcting term (SPCO) on the basis of the parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) .
13. - Method according to claim 12, wherein the detecting module (7) is configured to detect at the exhaust of the gas turbine (12) at least a second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) ; the step of calculating a correcting value (SPC) comprising the step of calculating the correcting value (SPC) also on the basis of al second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) .
14. - Method according to claim 13, wherein the step of calculating a correcting value (SPC) comprises the step of calculating a second correcting term (SPNOx) on the basis of the second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) .
15. - Method according to claim 14, the step of calculating a correcting value (SPC) comprises the step of calculating the correcting value (SPC) as a sum of the first correcting term (SPCO) and of the second correcting term (SPNOx) .
16. - Method according to any one of claims from 12 to 15, wherein the step of calculating a first correcting term (SPCO) comprises calculating the first correcting term (SPCO) on the basis of the difference between the parameter indicative of the carbon monoxide concentration (CO%) and a first reference value (REFCO) .
17. - Method according to any one of claims from 14 to 16, wherein the step of calculating a second correcting term (SPNOx) comprises the step of calculating the second correcting term (SPNOx) on the basis of the difference between the second parameter indicative of the nitric oxide concentration (NOx%) and a second reference value (REFNOx) .
PCT/IB2012/055924 2011-10-26 2012-10-26 Gas turbine plant for electric energy production and method for operating said gas turbine plant WO2013061301A1 (en)

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ITMI20111941A1 (en) 2013-04-27

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