WO2013060802A1 - Dispositif électronique alimenté par batterie et procédé - Google Patents

Dispositif électronique alimenté par batterie et procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013060802A1
WO2013060802A1 PCT/EP2012/071190 EP2012071190W WO2013060802A1 WO 2013060802 A1 WO2013060802 A1 WO 2013060802A1 EP 2012071190 W EP2012071190 W EP 2012071190W WO 2013060802 A1 WO2013060802 A1 WO 2013060802A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
power consumption
maximum allowed
detecting
predetermined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/071190
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erkki Nokkonen
Peter Thomsen
Original Assignee
St-Ericsson Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by St-Ericsson Sa filed Critical St-Ericsson Sa
Publication of WO2013060802A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013060802A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G06F1/324—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by lowering clock frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G06F1/3296—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by lowering the supply or operating voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to battery-operated electronic devices, and in particular to a system and method of managing battery power by adaptively throttling system operations in response to power consumption demands placed on the battery.
  • Battery-operated devices such as Smart Phones and Tablets, may contain numerous functions, such as cellular modem & RF system; digital camera with flash; audio amplifiers (for integrated hands free speakers); high-bandwidth dynamic memory; and powerful processors, such as CPU(s) and graphics engines.
  • functions such as cellular modem & RF system; digital camera with flash; audio amplifiers (for integrated hands free speakers); high-bandwidth dynamic memory; and powerful processors, such as CPU(s) and graphics engines.
  • the cellular RF transmitter's power level is dictated by the cellular network.
  • the highest peak current can occur during a GSM call, and can be in the order of 1.5-2 Amps, while the peak's duration is -0.57 ms, repeating at 217 Hz rate.
  • Camera flash - especially LED flash - can consume currents up to 2 Amps for -100 ms.
  • Audio amplifiers can consume 1-2 Amps or even more when equipped with a boosted supply (converting battery voltage up to, e.g., 6V level), depending on the volume setting and the music/speech that is being played.
  • the device's battery typically Li-ion
  • the device's battery has an impedance on the order of 100-150 mOhm, and thus current drawn from the battery causes a voltage drop (IR drop) at the battery's output. Furthermore, there is some impedance on the device's printed wiring board, causing further voltage drop. Each consumed ampere will cause, e.g., 150 mV drop, which is significant especially in the case of a single cell Li-ion battery (nominal voltage at 3.7 V).
  • the battery voltage is typically monitored using an analog to digital converter (ADC).
  • ADC analog to digital converter
  • one or more comparators may monitor the cut-off level, also known as the under voltage lock out, or battery good level.
  • Software decides to switch off the device when the measured battery voltage falls below a predetermined threshold, e.g., 3.1 V.
  • the comparator's threshold is set lower (e.g., 2.9 V) and it may switch off the device without software intervention if battery voltage falls below this level.
  • the cut-off level is chosen so that all functions of the device are functional when battery voltage is higher than this level.
  • the battery voltage rail is capable of handling one peak current consumer at a time (i.e., the voltage drops are manageable in this situation). Problems start to occur when two or more peak current occur simultaneously. The sum of currents cause a big voltage drop on the battery voltage rail which can cause an unwanted switch-off of the device, without a pre-warning for the user. Another consequence is that the device switches off while there is still a lot of charge left in the battery, thus resulting in poor operating time.
  • a TPS6130x device controls an LED flash partially in response to a signal from a cellular modem.
  • the signal is activated when the cellular RF is transmitting (or when the RF power level exceeds a certain threshold) and causes the flash driver IC to lower the power (current) delivered to the LED momentarily.
  • This prior art approach only addresses one specific case - an LED flash in the face of a cellular modem transmitting. Furthermore, it assumes a very predictive behavior that does not describe a general battery-operated device in which over-current consumption can occur due to unpredictable events, such as a 3 rd party application triggering high CPU and graphics load while coinciding with other events such as WLAN and/or cellular transmission.
  • Many battery-operated devices may include a current gauge (or Coulomb counter) for monitoring the battery's state of charge.
  • the gauge uses typically a 10 mOhm sense resistor located in the ground terminal of the battery to measure the current.
  • a relative slow measurement possibly with averaging, is used (for example, one known solution uses typically a 250 ms "window").
  • Instantaneous battery current can not be measured with such a gauge.
  • the current and/or voltage of the battery is continuously monitored and measured. Conditions that will (if unmanaged) result in exceeding battery capability are detected in real-time, and the main peak power consumers (typically CPU, graphics and power amplifiers) are instantly limited (“Throttled”) to decrease their power consumption momentarily.
  • the main peak power consumers typically CPU, graphics and power amplifiers
  • One embodiment relates to a method of momentarily reducing the power consumption of a battery-operated device comprising a plurality of power-consuming subsystems.
  • Battery power consumption is monitored, and a maximum allowed level of battery power consumption is detected.
  • a peak battery power consumption detection signal is generated in response to detecting the maximum allowed level of battery power consumption.
  • the power consumption of one or more subsystems is reduced in response to the peak battery power consumption detection signal. After a predetermined duration, the power consumption level of the subsystems for which power consumption was reduced is restored.
  • the device includes a battery and a power management unit connected to the battery.
  • the power management unit is operative to monitor battery power consumption; detect a maximum allowed level of battery power consumption; and generate a peak battery power consumption detection signal in response to detecting the maximum allowed level of battery power consumption.
  • the device also includes one or more battery-powered subsystems receiving the peak battery power consumption detection signal. At least one battery-powered subsystem is operative to reduce its power consumption in response to the peak battery power consumption detection signal; and restore its power consumption level after a predetermined duration.
  • Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a battery-operated device having a current- based battery power consumption monitoring circuit.
  • Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of a battery-operated device having a voltage- based battery power consumption monitoring circuit.
  • Figure 3 are timing diagrams depicting a dynamic method of battery power control based on current sensing.
  • Figure 4 are timing diagrams depicting a dynamic method of battery power control based on voltage sensing.
  • Figure 5 is a flow diagram illustrating steps in a method of momentarily reducing the power consumption of a battery-operated device.
  • the present technology comprises two alternative embodiments of detecting when a total system current is about to exceed the battery capability: using a sense resistor of the current gauge to measure instantaneous current, and measuring directly the instantaneous voltage on a battery.
  • a battery-operated device 10 such as Smart Phones and Tablets, may contain numerous functions, such as cellular modem 20 & RF system 30; digital camera with driver 40 and flash 50; audio amplifiers 60 (for integrated hands free speakers 70); high-bandwidth dynamic memory; and powerful processors 80, 80', such as CPU(s) and graphics engines.
  • the battery operated device 10 includes a battery 100 and a PMU (power management unit) 101 connected to the battery 100.
  • a sense resistor 102 is connected to both the current gauge 103 and a sense amplifier 104, which in turn connects to a set of comparators 105, each having a predefined threshold (reference voltage).
  • the battery voltage is monitored using a fast comparator 105'.
  • the voltage is compared to a predefined level which set above the system cut voltage (absolute minimum operating voltage).
  • comparator(s) 105, 105' for the two embodiments are followed by digital logic circuitry 106 which provides selection of the threshold (Vref), glitch filtering, etc.
  • the clock generator(s) 107, 107' (usually a PLL).
  • the clock generator(s) 107, 107' and processor(s) 80, 80' can reside on another chip Soc (System on a Chip) 109.
  • Soc System on a Chip
  • processor refers to any digital processing circuit, and includes, without limitation, a state machine, microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), graphics processor, video processor, compression/decompression engine, cryptographic processor, image processor (e.g., camera controller), audio processor, or any combination thereof.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • graphics processor graphics processor
  • video processor video processor
  • compression/decompression engine cryptographic processor
  • cryptographic processor image processor (e.g., camera controller), audio processor, or any combination thereof.
  • the predefined thresholds can be set by software (via a control bus 1 10), and can be changed as a function of the battery type, voltage, and temperature. When battery 100 is fully charged (voltage around 4 V) and temperature is normal, larger peak currents can be sustained. On the contrary, when battery 100 is low and/or cold, the threshold should be set lower.
  • the signal PeakDet 111 is asserted (see Figures 3 and 4, respectively).
  • the clock generator (PLL) 107, 107' divides (e.g., halves) the processor clock frequency (glitch-less switching).
  • the power (current) consumed by the processor 80, 80' is immediately reduced (halved), and thus the demand on the battery current is reduced, avoiding the excessive voltage drop over the battery 100.
  • the threshold setting requires margin to compensate for inaccuracies in detection (sense resistor and amplifier, comparators) and for compensating the detection latency - i.e., there is a delay before the detection and clock generation circuitry 107, 107' will react and thus the battery current will continue to increase meanwhile.
  • a method of momentarily reducing the power consumption of the battery-operated device 10 is illustrated by the flow diagram in Figure 5.
  • the method comprises monitoring 200 battery power consumption; detecting 201 a maximum allowed level of battery power consumption; generating 202 a peak battery power consumption detection signal 111 in response to detecting the maximum allowed level of battery power consumption; reducing 203 the power consumption of one or more of the subsystems 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 80', 109 in response to the peak battery power consumption detection signal; and restoring 204, after a predetermined duration, the power consumption level of the subsystems 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 80', 109 for which power consumption was reduced.
  • processor clock speed reduction the concept can be extended to provide control to other functions, such as reducing display- backlight momentarily, reducing max power transmission on the cellular RF system 30, reducing audio power amplifier 60 output, reducing memory interface speed (on DDR system), or any other large current consuming subsystem.
  • the design of appropriate subsystem throttling circuits will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art, without undue experimentation, given the teachings of the present disclosure.
  • the required power consumption reduction may be achieved by reducing ("throttling") the operative current provided to a subsystem (e.g., the LED cameral flash 50 or LCD display backlight).
  • Embodiments of the present technology provide a way to introduce very high performance processors to battery-operated devices (especially phones and tablets equipped with a single-cell Li-ion battery).
  • the system can be any type of the present technology.
  • the processors' speed are momentarily reduced (e.g., halved) but return back to "normal" level as soon as the high-current demand situation is over.
  • the system automatically takes into account battery charging current.
  • the current taken from the battery will be lower and thus higher peak loads can be allowed.
  • embodiments of the present technology are highly flexible as a
  • the programmable threshold level is used to detect the high-current demand condition.
  • the threshold can be adapted to match the exact capability of the battery 100 used on a given product, and may furthermore be adjusted for environmental factors such as temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif alimenté par batterie dans lequel le courant et/ou la tension de la batterie sont surveillés et mesurés d'une manière continue. Des conditions qui (si elles ne sont pas gérées) entraîneront un dépassement de capacité de la batterie sont détectées en temps réel, et les principaux consommateurs de puissance instantanée (typiquement la CPU, le processeur graphique, et de amplificateurs de puissance) sont instantanément limités (« étranglés ») afin de réduire momentanément la puissance qu'ils consomment.
PCT/EP2012/071190 2011-10-25 2012-10-25 Dispositif électronique alimenté par batterie et procédé WO2013060802A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161551151P 2011-10-25 2011-10-25
US61/551,151 2011-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013060802A1 true WO2013060802A1 (fr) 2013-05-02

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016130407A3 (fr) * 2015-02-09 2016-12-22 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Suppression des pointes de puissance
US9748765B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2017-08-29 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Load allocation for multi-battery devices
US9793570B2 (en) 2015-12-04 2017-10-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Shared electrode battery
US9939862B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2018-04-10 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Latency-based energy storage device selection
US10061366B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2018-08-28 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Schedule-based energy storage device selection
US10117196B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2018-10-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Dynamically configurable apparatus for operating within the current capabilities of the power source
US10158148B2 (en) 2015-02-18 2018-12-18 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Dynamically changing internal state of a battery
WO2019067153A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 Intel Corporation Prédiction de puissance maximale basée sur un historique
CN113157076A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-23 中科可控信息产业有限公司 一种电子设备及功耗控制方法
US20220060029A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 Yazaki Corporation Battery Control Device and Battery System
WO2022245472A1 (fr) * 2021-05-17 2022-11-24 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Commande de puissance de crête dynamique

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US20030188210A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-02 Takahiro Nakazato Power consumption control method and information processing device
US20030221133A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-27 Nguyen Don J. Providing overload protection in battery operation
US20070050647A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Conroy David G Methods and apparatuses for dynamic power estimation
US20080022140A1 (en) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Renesas Technology Corp. SoC power management ensuring real-time processing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030188210A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-02 Takahiro Nakazato Power consumption control method and information processing device
US20030221133A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-27 Nguyen Don J. Providing overload protection in battery operation
US20070050647A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Conroy David G Methods and apparatuses for dynamic power estimation
US20080022140A1 (en) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Renesas Technology Corp. SoC power management ensuring real-time processing

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9696782B2 (en) 2015-02-09 2017-07-04 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Battery parameter-based power management for suppressing power spikes
WO2016130407A3 (fr) * 2015-02-09 2016-12-22 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Suppression des pointes de puissance
US10228747B2 (en) 2015-02-09 2019-03-12 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Battery parameter-based power management for suppressing power spikes
US10158148B2 (en) 2015-02-18 2018-12-18 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Dynamically changing internal state of a battery
US9748765B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2017-08-29 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Load allocation for multi-battery devices
US10263421B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2019-04-16 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Load allocation for multi-battery devices
US10117196B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2018-10-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Dynamically configurable apparatus for operating within the current capabilities of the power source
US9939862B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2018-04-10 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Latency-based energy storage device selection
US10061366B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2018-08-28 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Schedule-based energy storage device selection
US9793570B2 (en) 2015-12-04 2017-10-17 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Shared electrode battery
WO2019067153A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 Intel Corporation Prédiction de puissance maximale basée sur un historique
US11209888B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-12-28 Intel Corporation History based peak power prediction
US20220060029A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 Yazaki Corporation Battery Control Device and Battery System
CN113157076A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-23 中科可控信息产业有限公司 一种电子设备及功耗控制方法
CN113157076B (zh) * 2021-04-22 2024-01-30 中科可控信息产业有限公司 一种电子设备及功耗控制方法
WO2022245472A1 (fr) * 2021-05-17 2022-11-24 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Commande de puissance de crête dynamique

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