WO2013059961A1 - Fully-regulated power converter - Google Patents
Fully-regulated power converter Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013059961A1 WO2013059961A1 PCT/CN2011/001793 CN2011001793W WO2013059961A1 WO 2013059961 A1 WO2013059961 A1 WO 2013059961A1 CN 2011001793 W CN2011001793 W CN 2011001793W WO 2013059961 A1 WO2013059961 A1 WO 2013059961A1
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- power converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the field of power converter and more particularly relates to a fully-regulated power converter.
- the power converter module for example intermediate bus converter (IBC) module
- IBC intermediate bus converter
- the power converter module is designed as a semi-regulated module, which only presets output voltage and does not have voltage feedback loop. Because of the inner copper resistance, the output voltage of the module will droop when the load current increases.
- Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the output voltage and the load current of such power converter module, where the reference temperature is +25°C and input voltages are 36V, 48V, 53V, 75V, and 38V, respectively. As shown in Figure 1 , when increasing the load current, the output voltage will droop.
- Figure 2 illustrates comparison between current sharing function of two groups of power converter modules with different output voltage setting value and output droop slope rate.
- the current sharing accuracy is dependent on both setting value and droop slope rate of the output voltage of each module. If the two parallel modules have closer output voltage setting values and higher droop slope rate, then the current sharing accuracy will be better.
- V 0 i and V o2 in Figure 2a have closer output voltage setting values and higher droop slope rate than V 0 i ' and V o2 ' in Figure 2b, and at the balance points V 0 and V 0 ', the current accuracy in Figure 2a is better than in Figure 2b, since (I 0l - 1 0 2) ⁇ (W - V).
- fully-regulated power converter modules have flat output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, which means the module output can be treated as a DC source with very low output impedance.
- the current sharing function cannot be achieved in the fully-regulated power converter modules with flat output voltage characteristic, and thus such power converters cannot operate in parallel directly.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solution for fully-regulated power converters, which obviates the above-mentioned disadvantage.
- a fully-regulated power converter comprises a power train adapted to convert a voltage input signal to a voltage output signal according to a drive signal, a current feedback circuit adapted to sense a current output signal from the voltage output signal and generate a first feedback voltage signal from the current output signal according to a current feedback parameter, a voltage feedback circuit adapted to generate a second feedback voltage signal from the voltage output signal according to a voltage feedback parameter, an amplifier circuit adapted to generate an error signal on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal, the second feedback voltage signal, and a reference voltage signal, and a control circuit adapted to generate the drive signal according to the error signal.
- droop rate of the voltage output signal with respect to load current of the power converter is adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter.
- the power converter further comprises an isolation circuit adapted to isolate the error signal.
- the amplifier circuit has a negative input connected to the sum of the first feedback voltage signal and the second feedback voltage signal, and a positive input connected to the reference voltage signal.
- the amplifier circuit has a negative input connected to the second feedback voltage signal, and a positive input connected to the difference between the reference voltage signal and the first feedback voltage signal.
- control circuit is further adapted to adjust duty cycle of the drive signal according to the error signal.
- control circuit is a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit, a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control circuit, or a combination of both.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- PFM pulse frequency modulation
- the isolation circuit is an opto-coupler, a magnetic isolation element, or an isolation sensor integrated circuit.
- the current feedback circuit is adapted to sense the current output signal from the voltage output signal by using one or more of the following: resistor, current transformer, and hall sensor.
- the power converter is an intermediate bus converter (IBC).
- IBC intermediate bus converter
- a router a radio base station, a server, an Advanced/Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture system, or an optical Synchronous Digital Hierarchy system.
- These apparatuses/systems each comprises one power converter according to the present invention, or a plurality of power converters according to the present invention in parallel operation with current sharing function.
- Embodiments of the present invention provides a fully-regulated power converter with droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, and thus the current sharing function can be advantageously implemented in such fully-regulated power converters. Further, it is flexible to change the droop rate by adjusting the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter, so as to get a good balance between load regulation and current sharing accuracy.
- Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the output voltage and the load current of such power converter module.
- Figure 2 illustrates comparison between current sharing function of two groups of power converter modules with different output voltage setting value and output droop slope rate.
- Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the fully-regulated power converter 100 comprises a power train 1 10, a current feedback circuit 120, a voltage feedback circuit 130, an amplifier circuit 140, and a control circuit 150.
- the power converter 100 may be an intermediate bus converter (IBC).
- IBC intermediate bus converter
- the IBC module provides an intermediate-bus voltage and at the same time implements electrical isolation.
- the bus voltage then feed to next stage, a non-isolated POL (point of load) regulator, this intermediate bus architecture is proven a high efficiency and cost saving solution.
- POL point of load
- the power train 1 10 may convert a voltage input signal V in to a voltage output signal V out according to a drive signal drive.
- the power train 1 10 may adopt various topologies, such as forward topology, flyforward topology, flyback topology, half bridge topology, full bridge topology, push-pull topology, etc.
- the current feedback circuit 120 may sense a current output signal I ou t from the voltage output signal V ou t, and generate a first feedback voltage signal V f] from the current output signal I ou t according to a current feedback parameter 3 ⁇ 4.
- the current feedback circuit 120 may comprise two parts, the first part sensing the current output signal I out from the voltage output signal V ou t and the second part generating the first feedback voltage signal V f i from the current output signal I ou t according to the current feedback parameter K
- the first part may be one or more of resistor, current transformer, and hall sensor
- the second part may be an operational amplifier or any other types of amplifiers together with a combination of resistors.
- the voltage feedback circuit 130 may generate a second feedback voltage signal ⁇ ⁇ from the voltage output signal V ou t according to a voltage feedback parameter K v .
- the voltage feedback circuit 130 may be a plurality of resistors forming a voltage-division structure, or a voltage hall device.
- the amplifier circuit 140 may generate an error signal V err0 r on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal V fl , the second feedback voltage signal Vf2, and a reference voltage signal V re f. Those skilled in the art can adopt some empirical values for the reference voltage signal V ref .
- the amplifier circuit 140 may be an operational amplifier or any other types of amplifiers together with a combination of resistors.
- the amplifier circuit 140 may have a negative input connected to the sum of the first feedback voltage signal V f] and the second feedback voltage signal V Q , and a positive input connected to the reference voltage signal V re f, as shown in Figure 3.
- the summing operation can be implemented by using an adder, or any other circuit having similar summing function known in the art.
- the IBC 1 10 may further comprise an isolation circuit (not shown) adapted to isolate the error signal Y eTr0T .
- the function of this isolation circuit is to achieve isolation between primary side and secondary side of the module, thus improving safety of the module.
- the isolation circuit may be an opto-coupler, a magnetic isolation element such as a transformer, or an isolation sensor integrated circuit such as an isolation amplifier, voltage hall device and current hall device.
- the control circuit 150 may generate the drive signal V driv e according to the error signal V error .
- duty cycle of the drive signal Vdrive can be further adjusted by the control circuit 150 according to the error signal.
- the control circuit 150 if the voltage output signal V out is greater than a desired preset value, then the error signal V error will be positive, and the control circuit decreases the duty cycle of the drive signal V drive ; and if the voltage output signal V out is lower than the preset value, then the error signal V en0T will be negative, and the control circuit increases the duty cycle of the drive signal V driV e, thus keeping the output voltage tracking the preset value.
- control circuit 150 is a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit, a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control circuit, or a combination of both.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- PFM pulse frequency modulation
- the voltage output signal V out will decreases as the current output signal I out increases, thus presenting a desired droop characteristic. Therefore, the current sharing function can be achieved in parallel operation of such fully-regulated IBC modules.
- droop rate of the voltage output signal V out with respect to the current output signal I out can be adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- the amplifier circuit 140 has a negative input connected to the second feedback voltage signal ⁇ ⁇ , and a positive input connected to the difference between the reference voltage signal V ref and the first feedback voltage signal V n .
- the only difference between the embodiments illustrated in Figure 3 and illustrated in Figure 4 is the connection relationship among the first feedback voltage signal Vn, the second feedback voltage signal VQ, and the reference voltage signal V ref .
- Vo V ref - V f i
- V 0U t*K v V ref - I 0U t*Ki. Therefore, the same expression as the one described above can be obtained:
- the voltage output signal V ou t will decreases as the current output signal lout increases, thus presenting a desired droop characteristic.
- the embodiments described above are also applicable to this alternative solution, and are thus omitted for conciseness.
- the power converter 1 10 provided in the present invention is applicable to many apparatuses and systems in telecommunication and data center power systems, such as routers, a radio base stations, servers such as blade servers, Advanced/Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture systems, or optical Synchronous Digital Hierarchy systems.
- These apparatuses/systems may comprise one power converter according to the present invention, or a plurality of power converters according to the present invention in parallel operation, and thus with the droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, the current sharing function can be achieved in these power converters.
- embodiments of the present invention provide a fully-regulated power converter with droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, and thus the current sharing function can be advantageously implemented in such fully-regulated power converters. Further, in contrast to semi-regulated power converters for which the droop characteristic relies on the copper resistance, and thus is fixed and not flexible to adjust, it is flexible to change the droop rate by adjusting the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter according to the present invention, so as to get a good balance between load regulation and current sharing accuracy.
- the power converter according to embodiments of the present invention is designed with very small number of components, the simple circuit and the clear logic result in high reliability, and the very small number of components also saves printed circuit board (PCB) space. Further, the common components used in the power converter implement the solution with very low cost.
- PCB printed circuit board
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Abstract
A fully-regulated power converter (100) comprises: a power train (110) adapted to convert a voltage input signal to a voltage output signal according to a drive signal; a current feedback circuit (120) adapted to sense a current output signal from the voltage output signal and generate a first feedback voltage signal from the current output signal according to a current feedback parameter; a voltage feedback circuit (130) adapted to generate a second feedback voltage signal from the voltage output signal according to a voltage feedback parameter; an amplifier circuit (140) adapted to generate an error signal on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal, the second feedback voltage signal, and a reference voltage signal; and a control circuit (150) adapted to generate the drive signal according to the error signal. The droop rate of the voltage output signal with respect to the load current of the power converter can be adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter, thus a current sharing function can be advantageously implemented in such power converters and a good balance between load regulation and current sharing accuracy can be obtained.
Description
Fully-regulated Power Converter
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention generally relates to the field of power converter and more particularly relates to a fully-regulated power converter.
BACKGROUND
In telecommunication and data center power systems, when facing some applications where much higher power is needed, or considering to upgrade to higher power in the future, parallel operation of power converter modules is necessary. Current sharing function is very important for such operation, because without current sharing, a module with higher output voltage will take most load or even overload, and thus thermal is not divided equally, and the overstressed module is easy to be damaged.
Conventionally, the power converter module, for example intermediate bus converter (IBC) module, is designed as a semi-regulated module, which only presets output voltage and does not have voltage feedback loop. Because of the inner copper resistance, the output voltage of the module will droop when the load current increases. Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the output voltage and the load current of such power converter module, where the reference temperature is +25°C and input voltages are 36V, 48V, 53V, 75V, and 38V, respectively. As shown in Figure 1 , when increasing the load current, the output voltage will droop.
Because of this droop characteristic, it is possible to implement the current sharing. That is, when two power converter modules are of parallel working, the one with higher output voltage will take more current, then the output voltage of this module will decrease due to the droop characteristic as discussed above, and at last, the output voltage of these two modules will reach a balance point.
Figure 2 illustrates comparison between current sharing function of two groups of power converter modules with different output voltage setting value
and output droop slope rate. According to Figure 2, the current sharing accuracy is dependent on both setting value and droop slope rate of the output voltage of each module. If the two parallel modules have closer output voltage setting values and higher droop slope rate, then the current sharing accuracy will be better. As shown in Figure 2, V0i and Vo2 in Figure 2a have closer output voltage setting values and higher droop slope rate than V0i ' and Vo2' in Figure 2b, and at the balance points V0 and V0', the current accuracy in Figure 2a is better than in Figure 2b, since (I0l - 102) < (W - V).
In contrast to the above described semi-regulated power converter module, fully-regulated power converter modules have flat output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, which means the module output can be treated as a DC source with very low output impedance. The current sharing function cannot be achieved in the fully-regulated power converter modules with flat output voltage characteristic, and thus such power converters cannot operate in parallel directly.
SUMMARY
An object of the present invention is to provide a solution for fully-regulated power converters, which obviates the above-mentioned disadvantage.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fully-regulated power converter. The fully-regulated power converter comprises a power train adapted to convert a voltage input signal to a voltage output signal according to a drive signal, a current feedback circuit adapted to sense a current output signal from the voltage output signal and generate a first feedback voltage signal from the current output signal according to a current feedback parameter, a voltage feedback circuit adapted to generate a second feedback voltage signal from the voltage output signal according to a voltage feedback parameter, an amplifier circuit adapted to generate an error signal on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal, the second feedback voltage signal, and a reference voltage signal, and a control circuit adapted to generate the drive signal according
to the error signal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, droop rate of the voltage output signal with respect to load current of the power converter is adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power converter further comprises an isolation circuit adapted to isolate the error signal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplifier circuit has a negative input connected to the sum of the first feedback voltage signal and the second feedback voltage signal, and a positive input connected to the reference voltage signal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplifier circuit has a negative input connected to the second feedback voltage signal, and a positive input connected to the difference between the reference voltage signal and the first feedback voltage signal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit is further adapted to adjust duty cycle of the drive signal according to the error signal.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit is a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit, a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control circuit, or a combination of both.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the isolation circuit is an opto-coupler, a magnetic isolation element, or an isolation sensor integrated circuit.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current feedback circuit is adapted to sense the current output signal from the voltage output signal by using one or more of the following: resistor, current transformer, and hall sensor.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power converter is an intermediate bus converter (IBC).
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a router, a radio base station, a server, an Advanced/Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture system, or an optical Synchronous Digital Hierarchy system. These apparatuses/systems each comprises one power converter according to the present invention, or a plurality of power converters according to the present invention in parallel operation with current sharing function.
Embodiments of the present invention provides a fully-regulated power converter with droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, and thus the current sharing function can be advantageously implemented in such fully-regulated power converters. Further, it is flexible to change the droop rate by adjusting the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter, so as to get a good balance between load regulation and current sharing accuracy.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this description. The drawings illustrate embodiments and together with the description serve to explain principles of embodiments. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative to each other. Like reference numerals designate corresponding similar parts. It should be expressly understood that the drawings are included for illustrative purposes and do not in any manner limit the scope of the present invention.
Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the output voltage and the load current of such power converter module.
Figure 2 illustrates comparison between current sharing function of two groups of power converter modules with different output voltage setting value and output droop slope rate.
Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter
according to another embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In the following description, for purposes of explanation rather than limitation, specific details, such as the particular architecture, structure, techniques, etc., are set forth for illustration. However, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that other embodiments that depart from these specific details would still be understood to be within the scope of the present invention. Moreover, for the purpose of clarity, detailed descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention. It is to be understood that the features of the various exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, the fully-regulated power converter 100 comprises a power train 1 10, a current feedback circuit 120, a voltage feedback circuit 130, an amplifier circuit 140, and a control circuit 150.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power converter 100 may be an intermediate bus converter (IBC). The IBC module provides an intermediate-bus voltage and at the same time implements electrical isolation. The bus voltage then feed to next stage, a non-isolated POL (point of load) regulator, this intermediate bus architecture is proven a high efficiency and cost saving solution. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with respect to IBC. However, such description is only exemplary, rather than restrictive, and the present invention is also applicable to other types of power converters.
According to the present invention, the power train 1 10 may convert a voltage input signal Vin to a voltage output signal Vout according to a drive signal drive. Optionally, the power train 1 10 may adopt various topologies, such as forward topology, flyforward topology, flyback topology, half bridge topology,
full bridge topology, push-pull topology, etc.
The current feedback circuit 120 may sense a current output signal Iout from the voltage output signal Vout, and generate a first feedback voltage signal Vf] from the current output signal Iout according to a current feedback parameter ¾. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current feedback circuit 120 may comprise two parts, the first part sensing the current output signal Iout from the voltage output signal Vout and the second part generating the first feedback voltage signal Vfi from the current output signal Iout according to the current feedback parameter K Optionally, the first part may be one or more of resistor, current transformer, and hall sensor, and the second part may be an operational amplifier or any other types of amplifiers together with a combination of resistors.
According to the present invention, the voltage feedback circuit 130 may generate a second feedback voltage signal νβ from the voltage output signal Vout according to a voltage feedback parameter Kv. Optionally, the voltage feedback circuit 130 may be a plurality of resistors forming a voltage-division structure, or a voltage hall device.
The approach for determining the above mentioned current feedback parameter ¾ and voltage feedback parameter Kv will be discussed later.
Then, the amplifier circuit 140 may generate an error signal Verr0r on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal Vfl, the second feedback voltage signal Vf2, and a reference voltage signal Vref. Those skilled in the art can adopt some empirical values for the reference voltage signal Vref. Optionally, the amplifier circuit 140 may be an operational amplifier or any other types of amplifiers together with a combination of resistors.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplifier circuit 140 may have a negative input connected to the sum of the first feedback voltage signal Vf] and the second feedback voltage signal VQ, and a positive input connected to the reference voltage signal Vref, as shown in Figure 3. Optionally, the summing operation can be implemented by using an adder, or any other
circuit having similar summing function known in the art.
Thus, the error signal VenoT may be the difference between the sum of the first feedback voltage signal Vft and the second feedback voltage signal νβ and the reference voltage signal Vref multiplied by an amplification factor Ka of the amplifier circuit 140, i.e., Vcmr = (Vf] + VQ - Vref) * Ka.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the IBC 1 10 may further comprise an isolation circuit (not shown) adapted to isolate the error signal YeTr0T. The function of this isolation circuit is to achieve isolation between primary side and secondary side of the module, thus improving safety of the module. Optionally, the isolation circuit may be an opto-coupler, a magnetic isolation element such as a transformer, or an isolation sensor integrated circuit such as an isolation amplifier, voltage hall device and current hall device.
According to the present invention, the control circuit 150 may generate the drive signal Vdrive according to the error signal Verror. Optionally, duty cycle of the drive signal Vdrive can be further adjusted by the control circuit 150 according to the error signal
In particular, if the voltage output signal Vout is greater than a desired preset value, then the error signal Verror will be positive, and the control circuit decreases the duty cycle of the drive signal Vdrive; and if the voltage output signal Vout is lower than the preset value, then the error signal Ven0T will be negative, and the control circuit increases the duty cycle of the drive signal VdriVe, thus keeping the output voltage tracking the preset value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit 150 is a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit, a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control circuit, or a combination of both.
When the IBC module reaches a balance point, one can obtain the following relationship: Vn + νβ = Vref, and thus Iout* i + V0Ut*Kv = Vref. Thus, one can derive the values of the current feedback parameter ¾ and voltage feedback parameter Kv with the current output signal Iout, the voltage output signal Vout, and the reference voltage Vref.
Further, one can obtain the following expression:
out = Vref / Kv - I0ut*Ki / Kv = Vjnitiai - K' *I0Ut.
Thus, the voltage output signal Vout will decreases as the current output signal Iout increases, thus presenting a desired droop characteristic. Therefore, the current sharing function can be achieved in parallel operation of such fully-regulated IBC modules.
In addition, according to the above equation, droop rate of the voltage output signal Vout with respect to the current output signal Iout (i.e., load current of the IBC module) can be adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter. Optionally, one can change the resistance of the plurality of resistors forming the voltage-division structure in the voltage feedback circuit 130 and the resistance of the resistors comprised in the second part of the current feedback circuit 120, so as to obtain different values of the current feedback parameter ¾ and voltage feedback parameter v respectively, thereby adjusting the droop rate.
Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating a fully-regulated power converter according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the amplifier circuit 140 has a negative input connected to the second feedback voltage signal νβ, and a positive input connected to the difference between the reference voltage signal Vref and the first feedback voltage signal Vn . The only difference between the embodiments illustrated in Figure 3 and illustrated in Figure 4 is the connection relationship among the first feedback voltage signal Vn, the second feedback voltage signal VQ, and the reference voltage signal Vref. According to the circuit configuration illustrated in Figure 4, one can obtain the following relationship: Vo = Vref - Vfi , and thus V0Ut*Kv = Vref - I0Ut*Ki. Therefore, the same expression as the one described above can be obtained:
Vout = Vref / Kv - Iout*Kj / Kv = Vjnitiai - K'*I0Ut.
Still, the voltage output signal Vout will decreases as the current output signal lout increases, thus presenting a desired droop characteristic. The embodiments described above are also applicable to this alternative solution, and are thus
omitted for conciseness.
The power converter 1 10 provided in the present invention is applicable to many apparatuses and systems in telecommunication and data center power systems, such as routers, a radio base stations, servers such as blade servers, Advanced/Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture systems, or optical Synchronous Digital Hierarchy systems. These apparatuses/systems may comprise one power converter according to the present invention, or a plurality of power converters according to the present invention in parallel operation, and thus with the droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, the current sharing function can be achieved in these power converters.
In conclusion, embodiments of the present invention provide a fully-regulated power converter with droop output voltage characteristic as the load current increases, and thus the current sharing function can be advantageously implemented in such fully-regulated power converters. Further, in contrast to semi-regulated power converters for which the droop characteristic relies on the copper resistance, and thus is fixed and not flexible to adjust, it is flexible to change the droop rate by adjusting the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter according to the present invention, so as to get a good balance between load regulation and current sharing accuracy. In addition, the power converter according to embodiments of the present invention is designed with very small number of components, the simple circuit and the clear logic result in high reliability, and the very small number of components also saves printed circuit board (PCB) space. Further, the common components used in the power converter implement the solution with very low cost.
It should be noted that the aforesaid embodiments are exemplary rather than limiting the present invention, substitute embodiments may be designed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the claims enclosed. The word "include" does not exclude elements or steps which are present but not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding the elements does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. In the apparatus claims that
list several components, several ones among these components can be specifically embodied in the same hardware item. The use of such words as first, second, third does not represent any order, which can be simply explained as names.
Claims
1. A fully-regulated power converter ( 100), comprising:
a power train (1 10) adapted to convert a voltage input signal to a voltage output signal according to a drive signal;
a current feedback circuit (120) adapted to sense a current output signal from the voltage output signal and generate a first feedback voltage signal from the current output signal according to a current feedback parameter;
a voltage feedback circuit (130) adapted to generate a second feedback voltage signal from the voltage output signal according to a voltage feedback parameter;
an amplifier circuit (140) adapted to generate an error signal on the basis of the first feedback voltage signal, the second feedback voltage signal, and a reference voltage signal; and
a control circuit (150) adapted to generate the drive signal according to the error signal.
2. The power converter according to claim 1, wherein droop rate of the voltage output signal with respect to load current of the power converter is adjusted according to the current feedback parameter and the voltage feedback parameter.
3. The power converter according to claim 1 , further comprising an isolation circuit adapted to isolate the error signal.
4. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the amplifier circuit (140) has a negative input connected to the sum of the first feedback voltage signal and the second feedback voltage signal, and a positive input connected to the reference voltage signal.
5. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the amplifier circuit (140) has a negative input connected to the second feedback voltage signal, and a
5 positive input connected to the difference between the reference voltage signal and the first feedback voltage signal.
6. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit (150) is further adapted to adjust duty cycle of the drive signal according to the
10 error signal.
7. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit (150) is a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit, a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control circuit, or a combination of both.
15
8. The power converter according to claim 3, wherein the isolation circuit is an opto-coupler, a magnetic isolation element, or an isolation sensor integrated circuit. 0 9. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the current feedback
·, circuit (120) is adapted to sense the current output signal from the voltage output signal by using one or more of the following: resistor, current transformer, and hall sensor. 5 10. The power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the power converter (100) is an intermediate bus converter (IBC).
1 1. A router, a radio base station, a server, an Advanced/Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture system, or an optical Synchronous Digital Hierarchy system, comprising one power converter according to any of claims 1 to 10, or a plurality of power converters according to any of claims 1 to 10 in parallel operation with current sharing function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2011/001793 WO2013059961A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Fully-regulated power converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2011/001793 WO2013059961A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Fully-regulated power converter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013059961A1 true WO2013059961A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/CN2011/001793 WO2013059961A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Fully-regulated power converter |
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| WO (1) | WO2013059961A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070076456A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-04-05 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Constant voltage circuit for power adapter |
| EP2144354A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-13 | Tellabs Denmark A/S | DC voltage supply for a load |
| US20110026275A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Delta Electronics, Inc. | Voltage-regulating circuit with input voltage detecting circuit and parallel voltage-regulating circuit system using the same |
-
2011
- 2011-10-27 WO PCT/CN2011/001793 patent/WO2013059961A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070076456A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-04-05 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Constant voltage circuit for power adapter |
| EP2144354A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-13 | Tellabs Denmark A/S | DC voltage supply for a load |
| US20110026275A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Delta Electronics, Inc. | Voltage-regulating circuit with input voltage detecting circuit and parallel voltage-regulating circuit system using the same |
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