WO2013056406A1 - 一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法 - Google Patents

一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法 Download PDF

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WO2013056406A1
WO2013056406A1 PCT/CN2011/002047 CN2011002047W WO2013056406A1 WO 2013056406 A1 WO2013056406 A1 WO 2013056406A1 CN 2011002047 W CN2011002047 W CN 2011002047W WO 2013056406 A1 WO2013056406 A1 WO 2013056406A1
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frequency
voltage
current
power
inverter
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PCT/CN2011/002047
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English (en)
French (fr)
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丁锦武
汉克
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艾尼科环保技术(安徽)有限公司
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Publication of WO2013056406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013056406A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply, and more particularly to a high voltage intermediate frequency power supply for an electrostatic precipitator and a control method therefor.
  • Electrostatic precipitator (electros tat i c prec ipi ta tor, ESP for short) is a device that uses a strong electric field to charge dust particles and separates and traps dust particles under the action of an electrostatic field.
  • the working principle of the electrostatic precipitator is to use the high-voltage electric field to ionize the flue gas, generate a large amount of electrons and ions, move to the two poles under the action of the electric field force, and encounter the dust particles in the airflow to make it charged during the moving process.
  • the dust is separated from the airflow by the electric field force to move to the opposite polarity plate or pole line.
  • the input power is two-phase 380V power frequency 50Hz
  • the power input to the high-voltage rectifier transformer is two-phase 0-380V power frequency 50Hz power supply.
  • the disadvantage of this kind of power supply is that, due to the use of power frequency power supply and thyristor voltage regulation mode, when the electric field of the precipitator flashes, the dynamic response time of the power supply is slow, about 10ms, and the secondary voltage drop of the high voltage rectifier transformer Up to 35-40%, affecting the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector.
  • the power factor of the input power source is >[, generally only about 0.5.
  • the input power is three-phase 380V power frequency 50Hz
  • the power input to the high-voltage rectifier transformer is three-phase 0-380V power frequency 50Hz power supply.
  • the disadvantage of this kind of power supply is that it still uses power frequency power supply and thyristor voltage regulation mode. When the electric field of the dust collector flashes, the dynamic response time of the power supply is still biased. Slow, about 3. 3ms, the secondary voltage drop of the high-voltage rectifier transformer reaches 20-30%, which affects the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector. And the equipment is bulky and the cost is high.
  • the existing dust collector is used to retrofit the existing dust collector, the existing dust collector power supply equipment must be replaced, resulting in waste of resources.
  • the third type The input power is three-phase 380V power frequency 50Hz, and the power input to the high-voltage rectifier transformer is two-phase 0-380V high frequency 20,000 Hz power supply.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN201399383Y discloses a high-frequency high-voltage power source with constant current characteristics for electric dust removal, which is composed of a high-frequency high-voltage silicon reactor, a step-up transformer, a microcomputer controller, a fuel tank, and a control rejection.
  • this kind of power supply can improve and improve the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator, due to technical reasons, the cause of the device itself, and the production process, the cost is generally high and the reliability is low.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the power supply of the electrostatic precipitator of the prior art is input to a low frequency (power frequency) or a high frequency, and the low frequency has a low response time and a low dust removal efficiency.
  • the frequency is high and the need to replace the corresponding equipment causes waste of resources. Therefore, a high-voltage intermediate frequency for electrostatic precipitator using an intermediate frequency power supply to supply power to the high-voltage rectifier transformer, improving response time and dust removal efficiency, and eliminating the need for equipment replacement is proposed. power supply.
  • the high voltage intermediate frequency power supply for the electrostatic precipitator of the present invention comprises: a rectifying unit comprising a rectifier and a filter, the rectifier rectifying the input three-phase 380V AC frequency 50 Hz alternating current into direct current, the direct current And filtered by the filter and output; Inverter, inverting the filtered DC power into two-phase intermediate frequency alternating current; a high voltage rectifier transformer, configured to boost and rectify the two-phase intermediate frequency alternating current to supply power to the electrostatic precipitator;
  • the controller further includes a frequency of the intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter is inverted, and includes a frequency selection conversion unit, and the frequency selection conversion unit sets a selectable working frequency range according to the type of the high voltage rectifier transformer. Setting n frequency values within the selectable operating frequency range, and setting n different frequency values within the selectable operating frequency range, wherein the frequency values are between the selectable operating frequency ranges Selecting an arbitrary integer, and sequentially detecting and recording the output current and voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer corresponding to each frequency value, calculating a product of the current value and the voltage value; selecting a product when the current value and the voltage value are the largest
  • the frequency value is an optimal frequency, and the intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter is set to the optimal frequency is used to supply power to the high voltage rectifier transformer, thereby supplying power to the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the frequency range of the intermediate frequency alternating current is ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇
  • the inverter is provided with an IGBT switch tube.
  • a voltage collecting module and a current collecting module are disposed at an output end of the high voltage rectifier transformer, and the voltage collecting module and the current collecting module send the detected voltage and current information to the controller.
  • the human-computer interaction interface is also included, and the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current can be set through the human-machine interaction interface.
  • the inverter is a two-phase full-bridge inverter.
  • the rectifier is a three-phase full-wave rectifier bridge composed of rectifier diodes.
  • a power supply method for a high voltage intermediate frequency power supply for an electrostatic precipitator includes the following steps:
  • the filtered DC power inverter is a two-phase AC power having a frequency of Fi, and is output to a high voltage rectifier transformer;
  • the high-voltage rectifying transformer boosts and outputs the alternating current of the two phases with a frequency of Fi, and the controller detects and records the current Ii and the voltage Ui output by the high-voltage rectifying transformer through a measuring device, and then calculates The product Ai of the current Ii and the voltage Ui;
  • the controller obtains the product of the current and voltage (Al, An) corresponding to the frequency after the inverter is (F1, Fn), and selects the maximum value Amax corresponding thereto.
  • the frequency is the optimal frequency
  • the controller sends a signal to the inverter such that the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current is the optimal frequency, the inverter receives a control signal of the controller, and the filtered DC power Inverting to a two-phase frequency of the alternating current output of the optimal frequency to a high voltage rectifier transformer;
  • the high-voltage rectifying transformer outputs the alternating current of the two phases at an optimum frequency and outputs the current, and supplies power to the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the selectable operating frequency ranges from 100 Hz to 400 Hz; and when the high voltage rectifier transformer is a medium resistance impedance, the selectable operation The frequency ranges from 200 Hz to 600 Hz; when the high voltage rectifier transformer is of high impedance, the selectable operating frequency ranges from 300 Hz to 1000 Hz.
  • the n is 2-100, and the frequency values F1, . . . , Fn are evenly distributed within the selectable frequency range.
  • a high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for an electrostatic precipitator of the present invention and a power supply method thereof including a rectification list a frequency converter, a high voltage rectifier transformer and a controller, the rectifier unit includes a rectifier and a filter, the controller controls a frequency of an intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter is inverted, and the controller passes the frequency conversion unit thereof Setting a plurality of frequency values in a selectable frequency range, measuring an output current and a voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer obtained under each frequency value, calculating a product of the current value and the voltage value, and selecting an inverter inverse corresponding to the maximum product
  • the frequency of the changed intermediate frequency alternating current is an optimal frequency
  • the intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter is inverted is set to the optimal frequency
  • the high voltage transformer is supplied with power to supply power to the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the inverter output intermediate frequency power supply to the high voltage rectifier transformer can increase the power factor to 0.95.
  • the intermediate frequency power supply By using the intermediate frequency power supply, the sudden change of the secondary voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer can be reduced, and the average of the electric field can be improved.
  • the ratio of voltage to peak voltage improves the voltage-current curve of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the use of the intermediate frequency power supply can reduce the drop of the secondary voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer, and only drops by 5%-10%.
  • the average value of the secondary voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer is Will greatly increase, the increase of the secondary voltage will lead to the increase of the secondary current, improve the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator;
  • the type of operating frequency range can be selected for the type of high-voltage rectifier transformer, according to the actual working conditions obtained here The optimal frequency within the range, then the dust collector is operated at the optimal frequency to obtain the best dust removal efficiency, and the controller and its frequency conversion unit are used to make the controller and the high-voltage rectifier transformer of different types of impedance.
  • the selectable operating frequency range is 200 Hz-600 Hz; when the high-voltage rectifying transformer is low-resistance impedance, the selectable operating frequency range is 300 Hz-1000 Hz, and the selectable one can be selected according to the type of the high-voltage rectifying transformer.
  • the frequency of the IF AC is limited by the high-voltage rectifier transformer.
  • the inverter of the IGBT switch tube can achieve fast turn-off (microsecond level) at any time of the AC voltage waveform, which means that the voltage drop of the secondary voltage when the electrostatic precipitator sparks and flashover is greatly reduced, thereby reducing
  • the loss of internal components and insulating parts of the electrostatic precipitator due to spark flashover, and the fast response time reduces the short-circuit peak current when the duster flashes, reducing energy loss.
  • the inverter is a two-phase full-bridge inverter
  • the rectifier is a three-phase full-wave rectifier bridge composed of a rectifier diode, which is simple and convenient to use. , the price is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a system structural diagram of a high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for an electrostatic precipitator provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for an electrostatic precipitator provided by the present invention.
  • the reference numerals in the figure are: 1-input power supply, 2-rectifier, 3-filter, 4-inverter, 5-high voltage rectifier transformer, 6-controller, 7-IGBT driver, 8-human interface , 9-power conversion module, 10-signal converter. detailed description
  • the high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for the electrostatic precipitator is as shown in FIG. 1 and includes: a three-phase 380V power frequency 50 Hz input power supply 1 and a rectifier 2 And a rectifying unit of the filter 3, the inverter 4, the high voltage rectifying transformer 5, and the controller 6,
  • the rectifying unit comprises a rectifier 1 and a filter 3, wherein the rectifier 2 selected here is a three-phase full-wave rectifying bridge composed of a rectifying diode, and the rectifier 2 rectifies the input three-phase 380V AC frequency 50 Hz alternating current into direct current, The DC power is filtered by the filter 3 and output;
  • the inverter 4 is a two-phase full-bridge inverter 4, wherein an IGBT switch tube is disposed, and the switching state of the IGBT switch tube is driven by the IGBT driver 7, and the filtered DC power is
  • the inverter is a two-phase intermediate frequency alternating current, wherein the frequency of the alternating current is between 10 OHz and 1000 HZ;
  • the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 is configured to boost and rectify the two-phase intermediate frequency alternating current to supply power to the electrostatic precipitator;
  • the controller 6 controls the frequency of the intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter 4 is inverted, and includes a frequency selection conversion unit, and the frequency selection conversion unit 4 sets the selectable operation according to the type of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5. a frequency range, setting n frequency values in the selectable operating frequency range, and then transmitting a signal to the inverter 4 such that the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current is sequentially set to the n frequency values, and then sequentially Detecting and recording the output current and voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 corresponding to each frequency value, calculating a product of the current value and the voltage value; selecting a frequency value corresponding to the maximum of the product of the current value and the voltage value is the most
  • the intermediate frequency alternating current after the inverter 4 is set to the optimal frequency is used to supply power to the high voltage rectifier transformer 5, thereby supplying power to the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the impedance of the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 that is commonly used now is divided into high resistance, medium resistance, and low resistance, it is set according to the empirical value and the field situation. If the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 is high impedance impedance, it is easy to select a lower operating frequency. For example, 100-400 Hz; if the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 is a medium-resistance impedance, the easy-to-select operating frequency is 200-600 Hz; if the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 is a low-rent impedance, the easy-to-select operating frequency is 300-1000 Hz. . In order to ensure the high voltage rectification of the above different impedance types The voltage converter 5 works normally.
  • the selectable operating frequency ranges from 100 Hz to 400 Hz; when the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 is a medium resistance impedance, the selectable operating frequency The range is 200Hz-600Hz; when the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 is low-resistance impedance, the selectable operating frequency ranges from 300Hz to 1000Hz.
  • a voltage clamping module and a current collecting module are disposed at an output end of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5, and the voltage clamping module and the current collecting module send the detected voltage and current information to the controller 6, the voltage
  • the acquisition module can be realized by a voltage dividing resistor. As shown in FIG.
  • the first voltage dividing resistor R1 and the second voltage dividing resistor R2 connected in series are connected to the output end of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5, and the second resistor R3 is used to collect the second.
  • the voltage on the voltage dividing resistor R2 is used as a feedback voltage, and the feedback voltage is sent to the controller 6. Since the output voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 is a high voltage, the signal that the controller 6 can process is a low voltage signal, so the signal converter 10 is required to convert the strong electric signal into a weak electric signal and then send it to the controller 6; the current collecting module can pass
  • the fourth resistor R4 collects the output current of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5.
  • One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the negative output terminal of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the signal converter 10.
  • the signal converter 10 converts the current signal into a signal range that the controller 6 can receive and transmits it to the controller 6.
  • a human-machine interaction interface 8 can also be provided, and the frequency of the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current can be set by the human-machine interaction interface 8.
  • the high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for the electrostatic precipitator further needs to be provided with a power conversion module 9 for converting the input power source 1 (three-phase 380V alternating current) into a power supply of +12V, -12V, +5V, wherein, 12V supplies power to the circuit part of IGBT driver 7, +12V, -12V for the interface board integrated operational amplifier, +5V for controller 6 and interface board digital circuit power supply.
  • the power supply method for the high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for the electrostatic precipitator is given below, and includes the following steps: (1) inputting an alternating current of three-phase 380V power frequency 50HZ into the rectifier 2, and rectifying the input power source 1 into direct current;
  • the frequency conversion unit of the controller 6 is set according to the type of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5
  • the controller 6 sends a signal to the inverter 4 such that the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current is F1, and the inverter 4 receives the control signal of the controller 6, and the filtered DC power is Inverter is two-phase AC power of frequency F1, and is output to high-voltage rectifier transformer 5;
  • the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 rectifies and rectifies the alternating current of the two phases having the frequency F1
  • the controller 6 detects and records the current II and the voltage U1 output by the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 through the measuring device. And then calculating the product A1 of the current II and the voltage U1;
  • the F1 is sequentially set to F2 F9, and steps (4)-(5) are sequentially repeated, and the controller 6 obtains the current and voltage corresponding to the frequency after the inverter is (Fl, ..., F9).
  • the product of (Al,..., A9), the frequency corresponding to the maximum value max ⁇ Al, ..., A9 ⁇ is the optimal frequency F;
  • the controller 6 sends a signal to the inverter 4 such that the frequency of the inverted intermediate frequency alternating current is the optimal frequency F, and the inverter 4 receives the control signal of the controller 6, and The filtered DC power is inverted to two-phase alternating current with the frequency of the optimal frequency, and output to the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5;
  • the high-voltage rectifying transformer 5 boosts and rectifies the alternating current of the two phases whose frequency is the optimal frequency, and supplies the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the selectable operating frequency range is 200 Hz - 600 Hz; if the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 is a high resistance impedance, The selectable operating frequency range is 300 Hz-1000 Hz, and when the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 is low-resistance impedance, the selectable operating frequency range is 300 Hz-1000 Hz; the frequency set in the selectable operating frequency range The values are 2-100 and are evenly distributed over the selectable frequency range.
  • the high-voltage intermediate frequency power supply for the electrostatic precipitator provided in this embodiment can provide an intermediate frequency power supply close to the performance of the high-frequency power supply, and the operating frequency is ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ because at different operating frequencies
  • the inductive reactance of the high-voltage rectifier transformer 5 is different. The higher the frequency, the greater the inductive reactance, the slower the falling edge and the rising edge of the secondary voltage and the secondary current waveform, so the product does not necessarily increase, and the efficiency of the precipitator is not necessarily The higher the working mode of the optimal frequency, the cleaner can work in the most efficient state.
  • the intermediate frequency power supply does not need to replace the existing high voltage rectifier transformer 5, power line, disconnector and other equipment.
  • using the intermediate frequency power supply can increase the working voltage of the dust collector by about 15%, increase the dust removal power by about 25%, and effectively suppress the flashover strength of the electric field of the electrostatic precipitator, and reduce the unnecessary flashover of the dust collector. loss.
  • the intermediate frequency power supply provided by the present invention, the ripple of the AC power source of the secondary side voltage of the high voltage rectifier transformer 5 can be reduced, the ratio of the average voltage of the secondary side to the peak voltage can be increased, and the voltage-current curve of the electrostatic precipitator can be improved.
  • the drop of the secondary side voltage will decrease, and the increase of the secondary side voltage leads to an increase of the secondary current, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator.

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Abstract

一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源，包括整流单元（2，3），将输入的三相380V工频50Hz的交流电整流为直流电，然后进行滤波输出；逆变器（4），将滤波后的直流电逆变为两相的中频交流电；高压整流变压器（5），用于将两相的中频交流电升压整流后为静电除尘器供电；还包括控制器（6），该控制器控制逆变器逆变后的中频交流电的频率大小。该高压中频电源解决了现有技术中的静电除尘器电源为工频或高频，低频时存在响应时间慢、除尘效率低，高频时存在成本高、大功率设备工艺不成熟、用于旧除尘器改造时需要更换相应设备造成资源浪费的技术问题。该静电除尘器用高压中频电源使用中频电源进行供电，提高了响应时间和除尘效率、且无需更换设备。

Description

Figure imgf000003_0001
一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电源，具体地说是一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其 控制方法。 背景技术
静电除尘器（electros tat i c prec ipi ta tor , 简称 ESP )是一种利用强 电场使尘粒带电， 并在静电场的作用下将尘粒分离、 捕集的装置。 静电除尘 器的工作原理是利用高压电场使烟气发生电离， 产生大量电子和离子，在电 场力的作用下向两极移动， 在移动过程中碰到气流中的粉尘颗粒使其荷电， 荷电粉尘在电场力作用下与气流分离向极性相反的极板或极线运动，荷电粉 尘到达极板或极线时由静电力吸附在极板或极线上，通过振打装置使粉尘落 入灰斗从而使烟气净化。 静电除尘器的除尘效率取决于施加到电场的平均供电电压和电流的高 低。 目前， 静电除尘器所用的电源有三种， 下面分别予以介绍：
第一种： 输入电源为两相 380V工频 50Hz， 输入到高压整流变压器的电 源为两相 0-380V工频 50Hz电源。 这种电源的缺点是， 由于采用工频供电、 可控硅调压方式， 当除尘器电场发生闪络时， 该电源的动态响应时间偏慢， 约 10ms左右， 高压整流变压器二次电压跌落幅度达 35-40%， 影响除尘器的 除尘效率。 并且该输入电源的功率因数较>[氏， 一般只有 0. 5左右。 第二种： 输入电源为三相 380V工频 50Hz, 输入到高压整流变压器的电 源为三相 0-380V工频 50Hz电源。 这种电源的缺点是， 仍然采用工频供电、 可控硅调压方式， 当除尘器电场发生闪络时， 该电源的动态响应时间仍然偏 慢， 约 3. 3ms左右， 高压整流变压器二次电压跌落幅度达 20- 30%, 影响除 尘器的除尘效率。 且设备体积庞大， 成本偏高。 另外， 采用该电源改造现有 除尘器， 必须更换现有的除尘器供电设备， 造成资源浪费。 第三种： 输入电源为三相 380V工频 50Hz, 输入到高压整流变压器的电 源为两相 0- 380V高频 2万 Hz电源。 如中国专利文献 CN201399383Y中公开 了一种电除尘用的具有恒流特性的高频高压电源， 由高频高压硅堆、升压变 压器、 微机控制器、 油箱和控制拒组成。 这种电源虽然可以改善和提高静电 除尘器的除尘效率， 但是由于技术原因、 器件本身的原因以及生产工艺等原 因， 造成成本普遍较高、 可靠性低。 且该类电源的功率偏小， 目前成熟的除 尘器高频电源， 最大功率仅为 72KV/1. 2A, 难以满足除尘器的供电要求。 另 外， 采用该电源改造现有除尘器， 必须更换现有的除尘器供电设备， 造成资 源浪费。 由以上分析可知， 静电除尘器用的电源为工频（50Hz )时， 存在动态响 应时间偏慢、 二次电压跌落幅度高 （20%- 40% ) 的问题， 除尘效率低的技术 问题； 静电除尘用的电源为高频时， 虽然提高了除尘效率， 但是由于与老旧 的除尘器电源的设备不匹配， 需要全部更换新设备， 不能用于原老旧除尘器 电源的改造， 造成资源浪费。 发明内容
为此，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于现有技术中的静电除尘器电源输 入高压整流变压器的电源为低频（工频）或高频， 低频时存在响应时间慢、 除尘效率低的问题， 高频时存在成本高、 需要更换相应设备造成资源浪费的 问题， 从而提出一种使用中频电源对高压整流变压器进行供电，提高了响应 时间和除尘效率、 且无需更换设备的一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源。 为解决上述技术问题，本发明所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，包括： 整流单元，包括整流器和滤波器，所述整流器将输入的三相 380V工频 50Hz 的交流电整流为直流电， 所述直流电再经所述滤波器滤波后输出； 逆变器， 将所述滤波后的直流电逆变为两相的中频交流电； 高压整流变压器， 用于将所述两相的中频交流电升压整流后为静电除尘 器供电；
还包括控制器， 所述控制器控制逆变器逆变后的中频交流电的频率大小， 包括频率选择转换单元， 所述频率选择转换单元根据高压整流变压器的类型 设置可选择的工作频率范围， 在所述可选择的工作频率范围内设置 n个频率 值， 在所述可选择的工作频率范围内设置 n个不同的频率值， 其中所述频率 值可在所述可选择的工作频率范围之间选择任意整数， 然后依次检测并记录 每个频率值对应的所述高压整流变压器的输出电流和电压， 计算所述电流值 和电压值的乘积； 选择所述电流值和电压值的乘积最大时对应的频率值为最 优频率， 设置所述逆变器逆变后的中频交流电为所述最优频率， 为所述高压 整流变压器供电， 从而为静电除尘器供电。 所述中频交流电的频率范围为 Ι ΟΟΗζ-Ι ΟΟΟΗζ 所述逆变器中设置有 IGBT开关管。 在所述高压整流变压器的输出端设置有电压采集模块和电流采集模块， 所述电压采集模块和电流采集模块将检测到的电压和电流信息发送给所述控 制器。 还包括人机交互界面， 通过该人机交互界面可以设定所述逆变后的中频 交流电的频率。 所述逆变器为两相全桥逆变器。 所述整流器为由整流二极管组成的三相全波整流桥。 一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源的供电方法， 包括如下步骤：
( 1 )将三相 380V工频 50HZ的交流电输入整流器， 将所述输入电源整流 为直流电； (2)将所述直流电经过滤波器滤波， 将滤波后的直流电输入逆变器中； ( 3 )所述控制器的频率转换单元根据所述高压整流变压器的类型设置可 选择的工作频率范围，在所述工作频率范围内设置 n个不同的频率值 {Fl，
Fi, ...Fn}， 其中 i、 n为整数；
( 4 )所述控制器向所述逆变器发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率 为 Fi (100HZ=<Fi=<1000Hz), 所述逆变器接收控制器的控制信号， 将所述滤 波后的直流电逆变为两相的频率为 Fi的交流电， 输出给高压整流变压器；
(5)所述高压整流变压器将所述两相的频率为 Fi 的交流电升压整流后 输出， 所述控制器通过测量装置检测并记录所述高压整流变压器输出的电流 Ii和电压 Ui， 然后计算出所述电流 Ii和电压 Ui的乘积 Ai;
(6)重复步骤（4) - (5), 所述控制器获得逆变后频率为（F1, Fn) 时对应的电流与电压的乘积（Al， An), 选择其中的最大值 Amax对应的 频率为最优频率；
( 7 )所述控制器向所述逆变器发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率 为所述最优频率， 所述逆变器接收控制器的控制信号， 将所述滤波后的直流 电逆变为两相的频率为所述最优频率的交流电 输出给高压整流变压器；
( 8 )所述高压整流变压器将所述两相的频率为最优频率的交流电升压整 流后输出， 为静电除尘器供电。 在所述步骤（3) 中， 所述高压整流变压器为高阻阻抗时， 所述可选择的 工作频率范围为 100Hz-400Hz; 所述高压整流变压器为中阻阻抗时， 所述可选 择的工作频率范围为 200Hz- 600Hz; 所述高压整流变压器为高阻阻抗时， 所述 可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz。 在所述步骤（3) 中， 所述 n为 2-100个， 所述频率值 F1, ..·, Fn在所 述可选择的频率范围内均匀分布。 本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点，
(1)本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 包括整流单 元、逆变器、高压整流变压器和控制器，所述整流单元包括整流器和滤波器， 所述控制器控制逆变器逆变后的中频交流电的频率大小，所述控制器通过其 频率转换单元在可选择的频率范围内设置多个频率值，测量各个频率值下得 到的高压整流变压器的输出电流和电压， 计算所述电流值和电压值的乘积， 选择乘积最大时对应的逆变器逆变后的中频交流电的频率大小为最优频率， 将所述逆变器逆变后的中频交流电设置为此最优频率，为所述高压变压器供 电， 从而为静电除尘器供电， 通过这种方式获得中频电源， 用中频电源为所 述静电除尘器供电， 与工频电源供电相比， 可以大大提高其工作效率， 逆变 器输出中频电源给高压整流变压器， 可以将功率因数提高到 0. 95， 通过使 用中频电源， 可以减少高压整流变压器二次电压的突变，提高电场的平均电 压和峰值电压的比率， 改善静电除尘器的电压 -电流曲线， 中频电源的使用 可以减少高压整流变压器二次电压的跌落， 仅仅跌落 5%-10%, 因此高压整 流变压器二次电压的平均值将大大增加，二次电压的增加将导致二次电流的 增加， 提高静电除尘器的除尘效率； 此外， 由于针对高压整流变压器的类型 设置了可以选择的工作频率范围， 根据实际工况得到在此范围内的最优频 率，然后使得所述除尘器用电源工作在此最优频率下，获得最好的除尘效率， 且通过控制器及其频率转换单元，使得控制器与不同类型阻抗的高压整流变 压器相配套，在改造老旧除尘设备时不需要更换其他设备，大大节约了资源， 提高了所述静电除尘器的工作效率，有效解决了现有技术中大功率设备工艺 不成熟、 用于旧除尘器改造时需要更换相应设备造成资源浪费的技术问题。
( 2 )本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 所述高压整 流变压器为高阻阻抗时， 所述可选择的工作频率范围为 100Hz-400Hz; 所述 高压整流变压器为中阻阻抗时，所述可选择的工作频率范围为 200Hz-600Hz; 所述高压整流变压器为低阻阻抗时， 所述可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz,根据高压整流变压器的类型来设置可以选择的中频交流电的 频率， 由于受到高压整流变压器的制约， 为了改造这种电源， 需要 居其原 有的设备进行设计， 这样， 提高了控制器的适用范围， 也扩大了对各种老旧 电源的改造范围， 通过使用控制器获得合适的中频电源的改造方式， 即提高 了老旧电源的工作效率， 也提高了设备的利用率。
( 3 )本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 所述逆变器 中设置有 IGBT开关管， 不同于可控硅控制必须在交流电压波形过零点时才 能有效关断， 设置有 IGBT开关管的逆变器可以在交流电压波形的任意时间 段实现快速关断（微秒级）， 这意味着大大地减少了静电除尘器发生火花和 闪络时二次电压的跌落，从而减少由于火花闪络造成的静电除尘器电场内部 件和绝缘部件的损耗，并且快速的响应时间减少了除尘器闪络时的短路峰值 电流， 减少了能量损失。
( 4 )本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 还包括人机 交互界面， 通过该人机交互界面可以设定所述逆变后的中频交流电的频率， 这样所述中频的频率还可以通过人工来设置， 进一步提高了其适用范围。
( 5 )本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 所述逆变器 为两相全桥逆变器， 所述整流器为由整流二极管组成的三相全波整流桥，使 用简单方便， 价格低廉。
( 6 ) 本发明的静电除尘器用高压中频电源及其供电方法， 所述 n 为 2-100个， 所述频率值 Fl， …， Fn在所述可选择的频率范围内均匀分布， 这样， 通过选择不同的频率来寻找最优频率， 可以找到比较合适的频率值， 使得所述静电除尘器工作效率达到最优。 附图说明 为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施 例并结合附图， 对本发明作进一步详细的说明， 其中
图 1 是本发明提供的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的系统结构图； 图 2 是本发明提供的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的结构示意图。
图中附图标记表示为： 1-输入电源， 2-整流器， 3 -滤波器， 4-逆变器， 5 -高压整流变压器， 6-控制器， 7- IGBT 驱动器， 8-人机交互界面， 9-电源 转换模块， 10-信号变换器。 具体实施方式
下面给出本发明所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的一个具体的实施 方式，静电除尘器用高压中频电源，如图 1所示， 包括：三相 380V工频 50Hz 的输入电源 1、 具有整流器 2和滤波器 3的整流单元、 逆变器 4、 高压整流 变压器 5、 以及控制器 6 ,
整流单元， 包括整流器 1和滤波器 3 , 此处选择的整流器 2为由整流二极 管组成的三相全波整流桥， 所述整流器 2将输入的三相 380V工频 50Hz的交 流电整流为直流电， 所述直流电再经所述滤波器 3滤波后输出；
逆变器 4， 所述逆变器 4为两相全桥逆变器 4， 其中设置有 IGBT开关管， 所述 IGBT开关管的开关状态由 IGBT驱动器 7来驱动， 将所述滤波后的直流 电逆变为两相的中频交流电，此处的交流电的频率大小在 10 OHz-1000HZ之间； 高压整流变压器 5，用于将所述两相的中频交流电升压整流后为静电除尘 器供电；
控制器 6 , 所述控制器 6控制逆变器 4逆变后的中频交流电的频率大小， 包括频率选择转换单元， 所述频率选择转换单元 4艮据高压整流变压器 5 的类 型设置可选择的工作频率范围， 在所述可选择的工作频率范围内设置 n个频 率值， 然后向所述逆变器 4发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率依次设 置为所述 n个频率值， 然后依次检测并记录每个频率值对应的所述高压整流 变压器 5 的输出电流和电压， 计算所述电流值和电压值的乘积； 选择所述电 流值和电压值的乘积最大时对应的频率值为最优频率， 设置所述逆变器 4逆 变后的中频交流电为所述最优频率， 为所述高压整流变压器 5 供电， 从而为 静电除尘器供电。
由于现在普遍使用的高压整流变压器 5 的阻抗分为高阻、 中阻、 低阻， 根据经验值和现场情况来设定， 如果所述高压整流变压器 5 为高阻阻抗， 易 选择较低工作频率如 100- 400Hz; 如果所述高压整流变压器 5为中阻阻抗， 则 易选择的工作频率为 200- 600Hz; 如果所述高压整流变压器 5为低租阻抗， 则 易选择的工作频率为 300- 1000Hz。 为了保证上述不同阻抗类型的高压整流变 压器 5正常工作， 所述高压整流变压器 5为高阻阻抗时， 所述可选择的工作 频率范围为 100Hz- 400Hz; 所述高压整流变压器 5为中阻阻抗时， 所述可选择 的工作频率范围为 200Hz- 600Hz; 所述高压整流变压器 5为低阻阻抗时， 所述 可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz。 在所述高压整流变压器 5的输出端设置有电压釆集模块和电流采集模块， 所述电压釆集模块和电流采集模块将检测到的电压和电流信息发送给所述控 制器 6 , 所述电压采集模块可以由分压电阻来实现， 如图 2所示， 在高压整流 变压器 5的输出端连接串联的第一分压电阻 R1和第二分压电阻 R2, 通过第 三电阻 R3釆集第二分压电阻 R2上的电压作为反馈电压， 将该反馈电压发送 给控制器 6。 由于高压整流变压器 5的输出电压是高压，控制器 6可以处理的 信号为低压信号， 因此需要信号变换器 10将强电信号变换为弱电信号后发送 给控制器 6; 所述电流采集模块可以通过第四电阻 R4来釆集高压整流变压器 5的输出电流， 第四电阻 R4的一端连接高压整流变压器 5的负输出端， 另一 端连接信号变换器 10的输入端。 信号变换器 10将电流信号变换为控制器 6 可以接收的信号范围后发送给控制器 6。 此外， 还可以设置人机交互界面 8, 通过该人机交互界面 8 可以设定所述逆变后的中频交流电的频率的大小。 本 实施例所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源， 还需要设置电源转换模块 9 , 用于 将输入电源 1 (三相 380V的交流电）转换为 +12V、 -12V、 +5V的电源， 其中， +12V为 IGBT驱动器 7的电路部分供电， +12V、 -12V为接口板集成运算放大 器供电， +5V为控制器 6和接口板数字电路供电。 下面给出上述静电除尘器用高压中频电源的供电方法， 包括如下步骤： ( 1 )将三相 380V工频 50HZ的交流电输入整流器 2 , 将所述输入电源 1 整流为直流电；
( 2 )将所述直流电经过滤波器 3滤波， 将滤波后的直流电输入逆变器 4 中；
( 3 )所述控制器 6的频率转换单元根据所述高压整流变压器 5的类型设 置可选择的工作频率范围， 本实施例中所述高压整流变压器 5 为中阻阻抗， 其可选择的工作频率范围为 200- 600Hz,在所述工作频率范围内设置 9个频率 值 Fl=200、 F2=250、 F4=300、 F4=350、 F5=400、 F6=450、 F7=500、 F8=550、 F9=600;
( 4 )所述控制器 6向所述逆变器 4发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的 频率为 F1 , 所述逆变器 4接收控制器 6的控制信号， 将所述滤波后的直流电 逆变为两相的频率为 F1的交流电， 输出给高压整流变压器 5;
( 5 )所述高压整流变压器 5将所述两相的频率为 F1 的交流电升压整流 后输出， 所述控制器 6通过测量装置检测并记录所述高压整流变压器 5输出 的电流 I I和电压 U1 , 然后计算出所述电流 I I和电压 U1的乘积 A1 ;
( 6 )将所述 F1依次设置为 F2 F9 , 依次重复步骤（ 4 ) - ( 5 ), 所 述控制器 6获得逆变后频率为（Fl , ... , F9 )时对应的电流与电压的乘积（Al，…， A9 ), 选择其中的最大值 max { Al， …， A9 }对应的频率为最优频率 F;
( 7 ).所述控制器 6向所述逆变器 4发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的 频率为所述最优频率 F， 所述逆变器 4接收控制器 6的控制信号， 将所述滤波 后的直流电逆变为两相的频率为所述最优频率的交流电， 输出给高压整流变 压器 5;
( 8 )所述高压整流变压器 5将所述两相的频率为最优频率的交流电升压 整流后输出， 为静电除尘器供电。 在所述步骤（3 ) 中， 如果所述高压整流变压器 5为中阻阻抗时， 则所述 可选择的工作频率范围为 200Hz- 600Hz;若所述高压整流变压器 5为高阻阻抗 时， 则所述可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz, 所述高压整流变压器 5 为低阻阻抗时， 所述可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz; 所述可选择的 工作频率范围内设置的频率值为 2-100 个， 在所述可选择的频率范围内均匀 分布。
本实施例提供的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，可以提供与高频电源性能 接近的中频电源， 其工作频率为 Ι ΟΟΗζ-Ι ΟΟΟΗζ , 由于在不同的工作频率下 高压整流变压器 5的感抗不同， 频率越高， 感抗越大， 二次电压和二次电流 波形的下降沿和上升沿越緩慢， 因此其乘积不一定越大， 及除尘器的效率不 一定越高，通过选择最优频率的工作方式使得除尘器能够工作在效率最好的 状态。 釆用该中频电源无需更换现有的高压整流变压器 5、 电源线、 隔离开 关等设备。 在同一电场下， 使用中频电源可以使除尘器提高约 15%的工作电 压， 增加约 25%的除尘功率， 并且有效抑制静电除尘器电场的闪络强度， 减 少除尘器发生闪络时的不必要损耗。通过使用本发明提供的中频电源， 可以 减小高压整流变压器 5二次侧电压的交流电源的波纹，提高二次侧平均电压 与峰值电压的比率， 改善静电除尘器的电压 -电流曲线。 同时， 二次侧电压 的跌落将减小， 二次侧电压的增加导致二次电流的增大， 从而提高静电除尘 器的除尘效率。 显然， 上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例， 而并非对实施方式 的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说， 在上述说明的基础上还可以做 出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷 举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围 之中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种静电除尘器用高压中频电源， 包括：
整流单元，包括整流器和滤波器，所述整流器将输入的三相 380V工频 50Hz 的交流电整流为直流电， 所述直流电再经所述滤波器滤波后输出；
逆变器， 将所述滤波后的直流电逆变为两相的中频交流电；
高压整流变压器， 用于将所述两相的中频交流电升压整流后为静电除尘 器供电；
'其特征在于： 还包括控制器， 所述控制器控制逆变器逆变后的中频交流 电的频率大小， 包括频率选择转换单元， 所述频率选择转换单元根据高压整 流变压器的阻抗类型为高阻、 中阻或低阻来设置可选择的工作频率范围， 在 所述可选择的工作频率范围内设置 n个不同的频率值， 其中所述频率值可在 所述可选择的工作频率范围之间选择任意整数， 然后向所述逆变器发送信号 使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率依次设置为所述 n个频率值， 然后依次检测 并记录每个频率值对应的所述高压整流变压器的输出电流和电压， 计算所述 电流值和电压值的乘积； 选择所述电流值和电压值的乘积最大时对应的频率 值为最优频率， 设置所述逆变器逆变后的中频交流电为所述最优频率， 为所 述高压整流变压器供电， 从而为静电除尘器供电。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征在于： 所述 中频交流电的频率范围为 100Hz-1000Hz。
3. 根据权利要求 1-2中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征 在于： 所述逆变器中设置有 IGBT开关管。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征 在于： 在所述高压整流变压器的输出端设置有电压采集模块和电流采集模块， 所述电压采集模块和电流采集模块将检测到的电压和电流信息发送给所述控 制器。
5. 根据权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征 在于： 还包括人机交互界面， 通过该人机交互界面可以设定所述逆变后的中 频交流电的频率。
6. 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征 在于： 所述逆变器为两相全桥逆变器。
7. 根据权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源，其特征 在于： 所述整流器为由整流二极管组成的三相全波整流桥。
8. 一种权利要求 1-7 中任一项所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的供电 方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
( 1 )将三相 380V工频 50HZ的交流电输入整流器， 将所述输入电源整流 为直流电；
(2)将所述直流电经过滤波器滤波， 将滤波后的直流电输入逆变器中；
(3)所述控制器的频率转换单元根据所述高压整流变压器的类型设置可 选择的工作频率范围，在所述工作频率范围内设置 n个不同的频率值 {Fl， ...， Fi, ...Fn}， 其中 i、 n为整数；
( 4 )所述控制器向所述逆变器发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率 为 Fi (100Hz=<Fi=<1000Hz), 所述逆变器接收控制器的控制信号， 将所述滤 波后的直流电逆变为两相的频率为 Fi的交流电， 输出给高压整流变压器；
(5)所述高压整流变压器将所述两相的频率为 Fi 的交流电升压整流后 输出， 所述控制器通过测量装置检测并记录所述高压整流变压器输出的电流 Π和电压 Ui， 然后计算出所述电流 Ii和电压 Ui的乘积 Ai;
(6)重复步骤（4) - (5)， 所述控制器获得逆变后频率为（Fl， ··.， Fn) 时对应的电流与电压的乘积（A1, …， An), 选择其中的最大值 Amax对应的 频率为最优频率； ( 7 )所述控制器向所述逆变器发送信号使得逆变后的中频交流电的频率 为所述最优频率， 所述逆变器接收控制器的控制信号， 将所述滤波后的直流 电逆变为两相的频率为所述最优频率的交流电， 输出给高压整流变压器；
( 8 )所述高压整流变压器将所述两相的频率为最优频率的交流电升压整 流后输出， 为静电除尘器供电。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的供电方法， 其 特征在于： 在所述步骤（3 ) 中， 所述高压整流变压器为高阻阻抗时， 所述可 选择的工作频率范围为 100Hz-400Hz; 所述高压整流变压器为中阻阻抗时， 所 述可选择的工作频率范围为 200Hz- 600Hz; 所述高压整流变压器为低阻阻抗 时， 所述可选择的工作频率范围为 300Hz-1000Hz。
10. 根据权利要求 8或 9所述的静电除尘器用高压中频电源的供电方法， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤（3 ) 中， 所述 n为 2- 100个， 所述频率值 F1 ,
Fn在所述可选择的频率范围内均勾分布。
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