WO2013052433A2 - Méthodes et compositions réduisant la prise alimentaire et la prise de poids chez l'animal - Google Patents

Méthodes et compositions réduisant la prise alimentaire et la prise de poids chez l'animal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013052433A2
WO2013052433A2 PCT/US2012/058386 US2012058386W WO2013052433A2 WO 2013052433 A2 WO2013052433 A2 WO 2013052433A2 US 2012058386 W US2012058386 W US 2012058386W WO 2013052433 A2 WO2013052433 A2 WO 2013052433A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
animal
ufa
administered
carotenoids
composition
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PCT/US2012/058386
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English (en)
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WO2013052433A8 (fr
WO2013052433A3 (fr
Inventor
Yuanlong Pan
Wei Wang
Scott Sherrill
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Nestec S.A.
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Publication of WO2013052433A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013052433A2/fr
Publication of WO2013052433A8 publication Critical patent/WO2013052433A8/fr
Publication of WO2013052433A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013052433A3/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
    • A61K31/202—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids having three or more double bonds, e.g. linolenic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A61K31/05—Phenols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to methods for reducing food intake and body weight gain in animals and particularly to methods and compositions using unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and carotenoids for reducing food intake and body weight gain in animals.
  • UFA unsaturated fatty acids
  • carotenoids for reducing food intake and body weight gain in animals.
  • Companion animals considered overweight or obese are increasing in numbers. It is now estimated that 54% of companion animals in the U.S. are overweight or obese. This estimate translates roughly to 43 million dogs and 50 million cats. An animal is classified as obese when their body weight is 30% higher than their ideal body weight and overweight when their body weight is 15 to 29% higher than their ideal body weight. A companion animal has an ideal body weight if the animal's ribs can be felt, but not seen. Obesity in companion animals is implicated in increased risk of diabetes mellitus, arthritis, pancreatitis, hepatic lipidosis, orthopedic disorders, cardiovascular disease, respiratory ailments, hip dysplasia, liver disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and skin problems.
  • Pets like humans, have been barraged with dieting schemes and exercise regimens to aid in controlling body weight. Advances have been made in development of reduced calorie pet foods, low-fat pet foods, increased non-soluble fiber pet foods, low carbohydrate/high protein pet foods and other pet foods marketed for weight control. Still, the statistics indicate that as a whole, opportunities for improvement remain and further advances in the art are needed.
  • Obesity is among the most serious health problems in humans and pets and considered to be the leading preventable cause of death. There is, therefore, a need for new methods and compositions useful for promoting the health and wellness and improving the quality of life for animals by reducing food intake and body weight gain.
  • One or more of these or other objects are achieved by administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, or preventing obesity in the animal.
  • animal means any animal that can benefit from reducing food intake or body weight gain, including at least human, avian, bovine, canine, equine, feline, hicrine, lupine, murine, ovine, or porcine animals, and preferably a domesticated animal, and more preferably a companion animal.
  • Companion animals means domesticated animals such as dogs, cats, birds, rabbits, guinea pigs, ferrets, hamsters, mice, gerbils, pleasure horses, cows, goats, sheep, donkeys, pigs, and more exotic species kept by humans for company, amusement, psychological support, education, physical assistance, extrovert display, and all of the other functions that humans desire or need to share with animals of other species.
  • compositions suitable for consumptions by an animal including, but not limited to, dry food compositions, wet food compositions, and liquid food compositions.
  • dietary supplement means a product that is intended to be ingested in addition to a normal animal diet.
  • Dietary supplements may be in any form, e.g., solid, liquid, gel, tablet, capsule, powder, and the like. Preferably they are provided in convenient dosage forms, e.g., in sachets. Dietary supplements can be provided in bulk consumer packages such as bulk powders, liquids, gels, or oils. Similarly such supplements can be provided in bulk quantities to be included in other food items such as snacks, treats, supplement bars, beverages, and the like.
  • UFA unsaturated fatty acid
  • LA linoleic acid
  • AA arachidonic acid
  • EPA eicosapentaenoic acid
  • ALA alpha-linolenic acid
  • DPA docosapentaenoic acid
  • DHA docosahexaenoic acid
  • UFA also include gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), docosadienoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, calendic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, and erucic acid.
  • GLA gamma-linolenic acid
  • DGLA dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid
  • docosadienoic acid adrenic acid
  • docosapentaenoic acid tetracosatetraenoic acid
  • tetracosapentaenoic acid calendic acid
  • myristoleic acid palm
  • fish oil means a fatty or oily extract, relatively rich in UFA, whether crude or purified, obtained from a sea animal, preferably a cold-water fish such as, but not limited to, salmon, tuna, mackerel, menhaden, herring, sea bass, striped bass, pollock, flounder, halibut, catfish, lake trout, anchovies, and sardines, as well as shark, swordfish, tilefish, shrimp, and clams, or any combination thereof.
  • "Fish oil” is also a term of art used by ingredient suppliers and encompasses a range of products of varying UFA content and purity.
  • carotenoids means one or more naturally occurring organic pigment typically found in plants, algae and various microorganisms.
  • carotenoids include zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, beta- carotene, lutein, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene.
  • carotenoids include lycopersene, phytofluene, hexahydrolycopene, torulene, a-zeacarotene, alloxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, pectenoxanthin, cryptomonaxanthin, crustaxanthin, gazaniaxanthin, OH-chlorobactene, loroxanthin, lycoxanthin, rhodopin, rhodopinol, saproxanthin, oscillaxanthin, phleixanthophyll, rhodovibrin, spheroidene, diadinoxanthin, luteoxanthin, mutatoxanthin, citroxanthin, furanoxide, neochrome, foliachrome, trollichrome, vaucheriaxanthin, rhodopinal, wamingone, torularhodinaldehyde, torular
  • the term "effective amount” or “amount effective for” means an amount of a compound, material, composition, dietary supplement, medicament, or other material that is effective to achieve a particular biological result, such as reducing, preventing, treating, or promoting a particular condition.
  • the "prime years" of an animal's life can extend from young adulthood ("young,” as described above) into the older or “aged” population. Indeed, the prime years of an animal's life can extend essentially until the animal's death, assuming the animal is healthy and active through the animal's older years.
  • extending the prime means extending the number of years an animal lives a healthy life and not just extending the number of years an animal lives, e.g., an animal receiving a treatment that extends the prime would be healthy in the prime of its life for a longer time, relative to another animal not receiving the treatment.
  • the term "health and/or wellness of an animal” means the complete physical, mental, and social well being of the animal, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
  • quality of life means the ability to enjoy normal life activities.
  • regular basis means at least monthly dosing with compounds or compositions of the present invention and more preferably weekly dosing. More frequent dosing or consumption, such as twice or three times weekly, is preferred in certain embodiments. Still more preferred are regimens that comprise at least once daily consumption, e.g., when compounds or compositions of the present invention are a component of a food composition that is consumed at least once daily.
  • extended regular basis refers to long term administration of a substance on a regular basis.
  • the term "in conjunction” means that the carotenoids and UFA, or other compounds or compositions of the present invention are administered to an animal (1) together in a food, dietary supplement, or other composition or (2) separately at the same or different frequency using the same or different administration routes at about the same time or periodically.
  • Periodically means that the compound or composition is administered on a dosage schedule acceptable for a specific compound or composition and that the food is fed to an animal routinely as appropriate for the particular animal.
  • “About the same time” generally means that the food and/or compound or composition is administered at the same time or within about 72 hours of each other.
  • single package means that the components of a kit are physically associated in or with one or more containers and considered a unit for manufacture, distribution, sale, or use.
  • Containers include, but are not limited to, bags, boxes, bottles, shrink wrap packages, stapled or otherwise affixed components, or combinations thereof.
  • a single package may be containers of individual food compositions physically associated such that they are considered a unit for manufacture, distribution, sale, or use.
  • kits are associated by directions on one or more physical or virtual kit components instructing the user how to obtain the other components, e.g., in a bag containing one component and directions instructing the user to go to a website, contact a recorded message, view a visual message, or contact a caregiver or instructor to obtain instructions on how to use the kit.
  • mg/kg/day means milligrams per kilogram of body weight of an animal per day.
  • milligrams per day means milligrams per day.
  • ranges are used in shorthand, so as to avoid having to list and describe each and every value within the range. Any appropriate value within the range can be selected, where appropriate, as the upper value, lower value, or the terminus of the range.
  • the invention provides methods for reducing food intake in an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing food intake in the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for reducing body weight gain in an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing body weight gain in the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for promoting satiety in an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for promoting satiety in the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for preventing obesity in an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or UFA in an amount effective for preventing obesity in the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for promoting lean body mass growth in an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for promoting lean body mass growth in the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for extending the prime for an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing food intake in the animal, thereby extending the prime of the animal.
  • the invention provides methods for promoting the health and wellness of an animal.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing food intake in the animal, thereby promoting the health and wellness of the animal.
  • the invention provides compositions suitable for one or more of reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, or preventing obesity in an animal.
  • the compositions comprise one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an amount effective for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, or preventing obesity in the animal.
  • the inventions are based upon the discovery that animals who were administered the compounds of the present invention demonstrated a reduction in voluntary food intake and body weight gain in comparison to animals that were not administered the compounds.
  • the animal is any animal that has a need for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, or preventing obesity.
  • the animal is a human or companion animal, preferably a canine or a feline.
  • the methods in various embodiments are directed to humans or companion animals, such as dogs and cats.
  • the animal can be of any age, but the methods are also well-suited to use with aged ⁇ i.e., aging) animals.
  • the carotenoids can be any carotenoid suitable for administration to an animal.
  • the carotenoids are zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, beta-carotene, lutein, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene, beta- cryptoxanthin, and lycopene, more preferably zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, beta-carotene, and lutein.
  • the carotenoids are administered to the animal in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, although greater or lesser amounts can be administered. In various embodiments, the carotenoids are administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • the composition comprises from about 0.0001 to about 50% carotenoids. More preferably, the carotenoid content is from about 0.0002 to about 20%, from about 0.0003 to about 10%, or from about 0.0005 to about 5%.
  • lutein is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • zeaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • beta-carotene is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • astaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • the UFA can be any UFA suitable for administration to an animal.
  • UFA can be obtained from any suitable source, synthetic or natural.
  • Preferred sources of UFA are natural sources of such fatty acids and include, without limitation, primrose; dark green vegetables such as spinach; algae and blue-green algae such as spirulina; plant seeds and oils from plants such as flax, canola, soybean, walnut, pumpkin, safflower, sesame, wheat germ, sunflower, corn, and hemp; and fish such as salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring, sea bass, striped bass, halibut, catfish, sardines, shark, shrimp, and clams; and the extracted oils of any one or more of the foregoing.
  • the UFA may also be synthetic, and as such may be produced according to any means suitable in the art, from any suitable starting material.
  • the UFA may comprise a blend of any one or more UFA from any one or more sources, such as those exemplified above, whether natural or synthetic.
  • the UFA comprises one or more of a natural fish oil, ALA, EPA, DP A, DHA, or another n-3 fatty acid from any source, more preferably DHA, EPA, or combination thereof.
  • the UFA are administered to the animal in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, although greater or lesser amounts can be administered.
  • the UFA are administered in amounts of from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • the composition comprises from about 0.01 to about 50% UFA. More preferably, the UFA content is from about 0.1 to about 20%, from about 0.25 to about 10%, or from about 0.5 to about 5%.
  • DHA is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • EPA is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • a combination of DHA and EPA is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • the methods comprise administering in conjunction to the animal one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA in an effective amount wherein the carotenoids are lutein, zeaxanthin, beta carotene, astaxanthin, or combinations thereof and the UFA are DHA, EPA, or combination thereof.
  • the carotenoids are administered to the animal in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg day; and the UFA are administered to the animal in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • lutein is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day
  • zeaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day
  • beta- carotene is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day
  • astaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.00 1 to about 5000 mg/kg/day
  • DHA is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day
  • EPA is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day.
  • lutein is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day
  • zeaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day
  • beta-carotene is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day
  • astaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day
  • DHA is administered in is administered in amounts of from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day
  • EPA is administered in amounts of from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day.
  • lutein is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day
  • zeaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day
  • beta- carotene is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day
  • astaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day
  • DHA is administered in is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day
  • EPA is administered in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day.
  • Compounds of the present invention can be administered in conjunction to the animal in any suitable form using any suitable administration route.
  • the compounds are administered to an animal in a composition.
  • the compounds can be administered in a food composition, in a dietary supplement, in a pharmaceutical composition, in a nutraceutical composition, or as a medicament.
  • the compounds and compositions can be administered in conjunction using a variety of administration routes, including oral, intranasal, intravenous, intramuscular, intragastric, transpyloric, subcutaneous, rectal, and the like.
  • the compounds and compositions are administered to an animal orally. More preferably, the compounds and compositions are administered in conjunction orally to an animal as a dietary supplement or as an ingredient in a food composition.
  • the compounds of the present invention are administered to an animal as an ingredient in a food composition suitable for consumption by an animal, including humans and companion animals such as dogs and cats.
  • a food composition suitable for consumption by an animal including humans and companion animals such as dogs and cats.
  • Such food compositions include complete foods intended to supply the necessary dietary requirements for an animal or food supplements such as animal treats.
  • food compositions such as pet food compositions or pet treat compositions comprise from about 5% to about 50% crude protein.
  • the crude protein material may comprise vegetable proteins such as soybean meal, soy protein concentrate, corn gluten meal, wheat gluten, cottonseed, and peanut meal, or animal proteins such as casein, albumin, and meat protein.
  • meat protein useful herein include beef, pork, lamb, equine, poultry, fish, and mixtures thereof.
  • the food compositions may further comprise from about 5% ,to about 40% fat.
  • suitable fats include animal fats and vegetable fats.
  • the fat source is an animal fat source such as tallow or grease.
  • Vegetable oils such as corn oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, rape seed oil, soy bean oil, olive oil and other oils rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, may also be used.
  • the food compositions may further comprise from about 10% to about 60% carbohydrate.
  • suitable carbohydrates include grains or cereals such as rice, corn, millet, sorghum, alfalfa, barley, soybeans, canola, oats, wheat, rye, triticale and mixtures thereof.
  • the compositions may also optionally comprise other materials such as dried whey and other dairy by-products.
  • the moisture content for such food compositions varies depending on the nature of the food composition.
  • the food compositions may be dry compositions (e.g., kibble), semi-moist compositions, wet compositions, or any mixture thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a complete and nutritionally balanced pet food.
  • the pet food may be a "wet food”, “dry food”, or food of "intermediate moisture” content.
  • “Wet food” describes pet food that is typically sold in cans or foil bags and has a moisture content typically in the range of about 70% to about 90%.
  • “Dry food” describes pet food that is of a similar composition to wet food but contains a limited moisture content typically in the range of about 5% to about 15% or 20% (typically in the form or small biscuit-like kibbles). In one preferred embodiment, the compositions have moisture content from about 5% to about 20%.
  • Dry food products include a variety of foods of various moisture contents, such that they are relatively shelf-stable and resistant to microbial or fungal deterioration or contamination. Also preferred are dry food compositions that are extruded food products such as pet foods or snack foods for either humans or companion animals.
  • the food compositions may also comprise one or more fiber sources.
  • fiber includes all sources of "bulk” in the food whether digestible or indigestible, soluble or insoluble, fermentable or nonfermentable.
  • Preferred fibers are from plant sources such as marine plants but microbial sources of fiber may also be used.
  • a variety of soluble or insoluble fibers may be utilized, as will be known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the fiber source can be beet pulp (from sugar beet), gum arabic, gum talha, psyllium, rice bran, carob bean gum, citrus pulp, pectin, fructooligosaccharide, short chain oligofructose, mannanoligofructose, soy fiber, arabinogalactan, galactooligosaccharide, arabinoxylan, or mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber source can be a fermentable fiber.
  • Fermentable fiber has previously been described to provide a benefit to the immune system of a companion animal.
  • Fermentable fiber or other compositions known to skilled artisans that provide a prebiotic to enhance the growth of probiotics within the intestine may also be incorporated into the composition to aid in the enhancement of the benefit provided by the present invention to the immune system of an animal.
  • the ash content of the food composition ranges from less than 1% to about 15%, preferably from about 5% to about 10%.
  • the composition is a food composition comprising from about 15% to about 50% protein, from about 5% to about 40% fat, and from about 5% to about 10%) ash content, and having a moisture content of about 5% to about 20%.
  • the food composition further comprises prebiotics or probiotics as described herein.
  • the amount of lutein as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.0001 to about 50% of the food composition, preferably from about 0.0002 to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.0003 to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.0005 to about 5%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48% or 50% lutein.
  • the amount of zeaxanthin as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.0001 to about 50% of the food composition, preferably from about 0.0002 to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.0003 to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.0005 to about 5%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48% or 50% zeaxanthin.
  • the amount of beta-carotene as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.0001 to about 50% of the food composition, preferably from about 0.0002 to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.0003 to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.0005 to about 5%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%), 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48% or 50% beta-carotene.
  • the amount of astaxanthin as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.0001 to about 50%) of the food composition, preferably from about 0.0002 to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.0003 to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.0005 to about 5%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1 %, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48% or 50% astaxanthin.
  • the amount of vitamin DHA as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.01 to about 40%) of the food composition, preferably from about 0.3 to about 30%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 20%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, or 40% DHA.
  • the amount of EPA as a percentage of the composition is from about 0.01 to about 40%) of the food composition, preferably from about 0.3 to about 30%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 20%.
  • food compositions comprise about 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, or 40% EPA.
  • the compounds and compositions are administered to an animal in a dietary supplement.
  • the dietary supplement can have any suitable form such as a gravy, drinking water, beverage, yogurt, powder, granule, paste, suspension, chew, morsel, treat, snack, pellet, pill, capsule, tablet, sachet, or any other suitable delivery form.
  • the dietary supplement can comprise the compounds or compositions and optional compounds such as vitamins, preservatives, probiotics, prebiotics, and antioxidants. This permits the supplement to be administered to the animal in small amounts, or in the alternative, can be diluted before administration to an animal.
  • the dietary supplement may require admixing with a food composition or with water or other diluent prior to administration to the animal.
  • the compounds or compositions comprise from about 0.01 to about 90% of the supplement, preferably from about 0.3 to about 70%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 60%.
  • the compounds and compositions are administered to an animal in a pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition comprises the compounds of the present invention and one or more pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients.
  • pharmaceutical compositions are prepared by admixing one or more compounds with excipients, buffers, binders, plasticizers, colorants, diluents, compressing agents, lubricants, flavorants, moistening agents, and the like, including other ingredients known to skilled artisans to be useful for producing pharmaceuticals and formulating compositions that are suitable for administration to an animal as pharmaceuticals.
  • the compositions comprise from about 0.1 to about 90% of the compounds of the present invention, preferably from about 0.3 to about 70%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 60%.
  • the compounds and compositions of the present invention can be administered to the animal on an as-needed, on an as-desired basis, or on a regular basis.
  • a goal of administration on a regular basis is to provide the animal with a regular and consistent dose of the compounds or compositions or the direct or indirect metabolites that result from such ingestion. Such regular and consistent dosing will tend to create constant blood levels of the compounds and their direct or indirect metabolites.
  • administration on a regular basis can be once monthly, once weekly, once daily, or more than once daily.
  • administration can be every other day, week, or month, every third day, week, or month, every fourth day, week, or month, and the like. Administration can be multiple times per day.
  • the compounds or compositions When utilized as a supplement to ordinary dietetic requirements, the compounds or compositions may be administered directly to the animal, e.g., orally or otherwise.
  • the compounds and compositions can alternatively be contacted with, or admixed with, daily feed or food, including a fluid, such as drinking water, or an intravenous connection for an animal that is receiving such treatment.
  • Administration can also be carried out as part of a dietary regimen for an animal.
  • a dietary regimen may comprise causing the regular ingestion in the animal of the compounds or compositions in an amount effective to accomplish the methods of the present invention.
  • the compounds are administered on an extended regular basis. In another embodiment, the compounds are administered to the animal on a daily basis. In some embodiments, the carotenoids are administered to the animal in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 250 mg/day. In another embodiment, the UFA are administered to the animal in amount of from about 0.01 to about 3000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 20000 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 15000 mg/day.
  • lutein is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 250 mg/day.
  • zeaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 250 mg/day
  • beta-carotene is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 250 mg/day
  • astaxanthin is administered in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 250 mg/day
  • DHA is administered in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 30000 mg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 20000 mg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 15000 mg/day
  • administration of the compounds and compositions can span a period ranging from parturition through the adult life of the animal.
  • the animal is a human or companion animal such as a dog or cat.
  • the animal is a young or growing animal.
  • the animal is an aging animal.
  • administration begins, for example, on a regular or extended regular basis, when the animal has reached more than about 30%, 40%, or 50% of its projected or anticipated lifespan.
  • the animal has attained 40, 45, or 50% of its anticipated lifespan.
  • the animal is older having reached 60, 66, 70, 75, or 80% of its likely lifespan.
  • a determination of lifespan may be based on actuarial tables, calculations, estimates, or the like, and may consider past, present, and future influences or factors that are known to positively or negatively affect lifespan. Consideration of species, gender, size, genetic factors, environmental factors and stressors, present and past health status, past and present nutritional status, stressors, and the like may also influence or be taken into consideration when determining lifespan.
  • the compounds and compositions of the present invention are administered to an animal for a time required to accomplish one or more objectives of the invention, e.g., reducing food intake; reducing body weight gain; promoting satiety; preventing obesity; promoting lean body mass growth; improving the quality of life; extending the prime; and promoting the health and wellness in an animal.
  • the compounds or compositions are administered to an animal on a regular basis.
  • the invention provides compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention in an amount effective for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, preventing obesity, or promoting lean body mass growth.
  • the compositions contain the compounds of the present invention in amounts sufficient to administer to the carotenoids in amounts of from about 0.001 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg/day; and UFA in amounts of from about 0.01 to about 5000 mg/kg/day, preferably from about 0.05 to about 2500 mg/kg/day, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg/kg/day, when the compounds are administered as anticipated or recommended for a particular composition.
  • the compounds of the present invention comprise from about 0.1 to about 90% of a composition, preferably from about 0.3 to about 70%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 60%. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention comprise over 90% of a composition
  • the compositions further comprise one or more substances such as vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, salts, and functional additives such as palatants, colorants, emulsifiers, and antimicrobial or other preservatives.
  • Minerals that may be useful in such compositions include, for example, calcium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, iron, chloride, boron, copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, iodine, selenium, and the like.
  • additional vitamins useful herein include such fat soluble vitamins as A, D, E, and K.
  • Inulin, amino acids, enzymes, coenzymes, and the like may be useful to include in various embodiments.
  • the compositions contain at least one of (1) one or more probiotics; (2) one or more inactivated probiotics; (3) one or more components of inactivated probiotics that promote health benefits similar to or the same as the probiotics, e.g., proteins, lipids, glycoproteins, and the like; (4) one or more prebiotics; and (5) combinations thereof.
  • the probiotics or their components can be integrated into the compositions comprising the compositions (e.g., uniformly or non-uniformly distributed in the compositions) or applied to the compositions comprising the compositions (e.g., topically applied with or without a carrier). Such methods are known to skilled artisans, e.g., US5968569 and related patents.
  • Typical probiotics include, but are not limited to, probiotic strains selected from Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, or Enterococci, e.g., Lactobacillus reuteii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus animalis, Lactobacillus ruminis, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Bifidobacterium sp. , Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus sp.
  • probiotic strains selected from Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, or Enterococci, e.g., Lactobacillus reuteii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus animalis, Lactobacillus ruminis, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacill
  • the probiotic strain is selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2581; CNCM 1-2448), Lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2592; CNCM 1-2450), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NCC2583; CNCM 1-2449), Lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2603; CNCM 1-2451), Lactobacillus reuteri (NCC2613; CNCM 1-2452), Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCC2628; CNCM 1-2453), Bifidobacterium adolescentis (e.g., NCC2627), Bifidobacterium sp.
  • Lactobacillus reuteri NCC2581; CNCM 1-2448
  • Lactobacillus reuteri NCC2592; CNCM 1-2450
  • Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCC2583; CNCM 1-2449
  • Lactobacillus reuteri NCC
  • compositions comprising the compositions of the present invention contain probiotics in amounts sufficient to supply from about 10 4 to about 10 12 cfu/animal/day, preferably from 10 s to about 10 11 cfu/aninial day, most preferably from 10 7 to 10 10 cfu/animal/day.
  • probiotics When the probiotics are killed or inactivated, the amount of killed or inactivated probiotics or their components should produce a similar beneficial effect as the live microorganisms.
  • the probiotic is Enterococcus faecium SF68 (NCTMB 10415).
  • the probiotics are encapsulated in a carrier using methods and materials known to skilled artisans.
  • compositions may contain one or more prebiotics, e.g., fructo-oligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, soybean oligosaccharides, lactosucrose, lactulose, and isomaltulose.
  • the prebiotic is chicory root, chicory root extract, inulin, or combinations thereof.
  • prebiotics are administered in amounts sufficient to positively stimulate the healthy microflora in the gut and cause these "good" bacteria to reproduce.
  • Typical amounts are from about one to about 10 grams per serving or from about 5% to about 40% of the recommended daily dietary fiber for an animal.
  • the probiotics and prebiotics can be made part of the composition by any suitable means.
  • the agents are mixed with the composition or applied to the surface of the composition, e.g., by sprinkling or spraying. When the agents are part of a kit, the agents can be admixed with other materials or in their own package.
  • the food composition contains from about 0.1 to about 10% prebiotic, preferably from about 0.3 to about 7%, most preferably from about 0.5 to 5%, on a dry matter basis.
  • the prebiotics can be integrated into the compositions using methods known to skilled artisans, e.g., US5952033.
  • a skilled artisan can determine the appropriate amount of the compounds, compositions, food ingredients, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, or other ingredients to be use to make a particular composition to be administered to a particular animal. Such artisan can consider the animal's species, age, size, weight, health, and the like in determining how best to formulate a particular composition and other ingredients. Other factors that may be considered include the type of composition ⁇ e.g., pet food composition versus dietary supplement), the desired dosage of each component, the average consumption of specific types of compositions by different animals ⁇ e.g., based on species, body weight, activity/energy demands, and the like), and the manufacturing requirements for the composition.
  • kits suitable for administering in conjunction compounds or compositions to an animal comprising in separate containers in a single package or in separate containers in a virtual package, as appropriate for the kit component, one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA; and one or more of (1) one or more ingredients suitable for consumption by an animal; (2) instructions for how to combine the compounds and other kit components to produce a composition useful for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal; (3) instructions for how to use the composition for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal; (4) one or more probiotics; (5) one or more inactivated probiotics; (6) one or more components of inactivated probiotics that promote health benefits similar to
  • the kit comprises a virtual package
  • the kit is limited to instructions in a virtual environment in combination with one or more physical kit components.
  • the kit contains the compounds or compositions and other components in amounts sufficient for reducing food intake, body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal.
  • the compounds or compositions and the other suitable kit components are admixed just prior to consumption by an animal.
  • the kits may contain the kit components in any of various combinations and/or mixtures.
  • the kit contains a packet containing the compounds or compositions and a container of food for consumption by an animal.
  • the kit may contain additional items such as a device for mixing the compounds or compositions and ingredients or a device for containing the admixture, e.g., a food bowl.
  • the compounds or compositions are mixed with additional nutritional supplements such as vitamins and minerals that promote good health in an animal.
  • the components are each provided in separate containers in a single package or in mixtures of various components in different packages.
  • the kits comprise the compounds or compositions and one or more other ingredients suitable for consumption by an animal.
  • kits comprise instructions describing how to combine the compounds or compositions with the other ingredients to form a food composition for consumption by the animal, generally by mixing the compounds or compositions with the other ingredients or by applying the compounds or compositions to the other ingredients, e.g., by sprinkling the compounds or compositions on a food composition.
  • the invention provides means for communicating information about or instructions for one or more of (1) using methods, compounds or compositions for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal; (2) admixing one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA or other components to produce a composition suitable for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal; (3) using kits for reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal; (4) contact information for consumers to use if they have a question regarding the methods and compositions; and (5) nutritional information about the composition; the means comprising
  • the means is preferably a displayed website, a visual display kiosk, a brochure, a product label, a package insert, an advertisement, a handout, a public announcement, an audiotape, a videotape, a DVD, a CD-ROM, a computer-readable chip, a computer-readable card, a computer-readable disk, a USB device, a Fire Wire device, a computer memory, or any combination thereof.
  • the invention provides methods of manufacturing a composition comprising one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA, and one or more ingredients suitable for consumption by an animal comprising admixing one or more ingredients suitable for consumption by an animal with one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA, or applying one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA separately or in combination onto the composition.
  • the compositions can be made according to any method suitable in the art.
  • the invention provides packages.
  • the packages comprise at least one material suitable for containing one or more carotenoid and one or more UFA; a label affixed to the material containing a word or words, picture, design, acronym, slogan, phrase, or other device, or combination thereof, that indicates that the package contains compounds or compositions with beneficial properties relating to reducing food intake, reducing body weight gain, promoting satiety, promoting lean body mass growth, preventing obesity, improving the quality of life, extending the prime, or promoting the health and wellness in an animal.
  • such device comprises the words “reducing food intake,” “reducing body weight gain,” “promoting satiety,” “preventing obesity,” “promoting lean body mass growth,” “promoting healthy weight” or an equivalent expression printed on the material.
  • Any package configuration and packaging material suitable for containing the compositions are useful in the invention, e.g., a bag, box, bottle, can, pouch, and the like manufactured from paper, plastic, foil, metal, and the like.
  • the package further comprises the compounds or compositions of the invention.
  • the package further comprises at least one window that permit the package contents to be viewed without opening the package.
  • the window is a transparent portion of the packaging material. In others, the window is a missing portion of the packaging material.
  • the package contains a food composition adapted for a particular animal such as a human, canine, or feline, as appropriate for the label, preferably a companion animal food composition for dogs or cats.
  • the package is a can or pouch comprising a food composition of the invention.
  • the invention provides for the use of a composition comprising one or more carotenoids and one or more UFA to prepare a medicament for reducing food intake; reducing body weight gain; promoting satiety; promoting lean body mass growth; preventing obesity; improving the quality of life; extending the prime; or promoting the health and wellness in an animal.
  • mice at the age of 21 days were randomized into two groups with 8 rats per group, housed separately, and fed ad libitum for 8 weeks. Rats in the control group were fed a control food composition; rats in the test group were fed a test food composition, which was formulated based on the control food composition ingredients supplemented with fish oil (20 g/kg), lutein (5 mg/kg), zeaxanthin (1 mg/kg), beta-carotene (1 mg kg) and astaxanthin (1 mg/kg). The compositions are shown in Table 1. The food intake was monitored daily and body weight was recorded weekly. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Beta-carotene 0 1 mg/kg

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Abstract

Cette invention concerne des méthodes et des compositions permettant de réduire la prise alimentaire et la prise de poids chez l'animal, et en particulier le recours à des caroténoïdes et des acides gras insaturés pour y parvenir. Les méthodes de l'invention consistent à administrer à l'animal en question un ou plusieurs caroténoïdes et un ou plusieurs acides gras insaturés en une quantité efficace pour réduire chez ledit animal la prise alimentaire et la prise de poids.
PCT/US2012/058386 2011-10-06 2012-10-02 Méthodes et compositions réduisant la prise alimentaire et la prise de poids chez l'animal WO2013052433A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2693659C2 (ru) * 2014-11-25 2019-07-03 Нестек Са Способы и композиции для сохранения безжировой массы тела и стимулирования потери жира во время потери массы
RU2701347C2 (ru) * 2014-11-25 2019-09-25 Сосьете Де Продюи Нестле С.А. Способ и композиция для стимулирования безжировой массы тела и минимизации накопления жира в организме и управления массой

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US20070231371A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2007-10-04 Nestec, S. A. Nutritional system and methods for increasing longevity
US20110165198A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2011-07-07 Delphine Tissot-Favre Method for reducing lipid absorption by an animal

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US20070231371A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2007-10-04 Nestec, S. A. Nutritional system and methods for increasing longevity
US20110165198A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2011-07-07 Delphine Tissot-Favre Method for reducing lipid absorption by an animal

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2693659C2 (ru) * 2014-11-25 2019-07-03 Нестек Са Способы и композиции для сохранения безжировой массы тела и стимулирования потери жира во время потери массы
RU2701347C2 (ru) * 2014-11-25 2019-09-25 Сосьете Де Продюи Нестле С.А. Способ и композиция для стимулирования безжировой массы тела и минимизации накопления жира в организме и управления массой

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