WO2013044462A1 - Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection - Google Patents
Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013044462A1 WO2013044462A1 PCT/CN2011/080279 CN2011080279W WO2013044462A1 WO 2013044462 A1 WO2013044462 A1 WO 2013044462A1 CN 2011080279 W CN2011080279 W CN 2011080279W WO 2013044462 A1 WO2013044462 A1 WO 2013044462A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
- H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/7097—Direct sequence modulation interference
- H04B2201/709763—Joint detection using feedback
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium for improving performance of joint detection.
- TD-SCDMA Time Division - Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
- Spreading of data may consist of two operations. One is channelization and the other is scrambling. First, each data symbol is spread with a channelization code. The resultant sequence is then scrambled by a scramble code.
- the channelization code may take the form of orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) code in a TD-SCDMA system. Because the scramble code for a cell is the same, while the channelization codes for different users belonging to the cell are different, the channelization code used by a user can be referred to as a user code and the channelization code causing interference with user codes can be referred to as an interference code. Regarding more detailed explanation on all sorts of codes, please refer to 3GPP TS 25.223 V5.3.0.
- a reference to a code or codes in the following description typically refers to channelization codes.
- DS-CDMA Direct Sequence-Code Division Multiple Access
- CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
- MUD Joint detector
- TD-SCDMA TD-SCDMA system
- the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium, so as to improve the performance of joint detection.
- a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filter result of a received signal is acquired, an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors corresponding to the codes in a system submatrix are adjusted based on the power so as to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, and demodulated signals corresponding to the codes are obtained.
- the code having higher power is demodulated firstly. This ensures accuracy of the demodulation, inhibits an erroneous propagation effect, and improves accuracy of the joint detection.
- a power of the code with a code sequence number is a sum of the power of all elements with the code sequence number in the matched filtering result.
- the higher the power of the code the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol .
- the higher the power of the code the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code. This ensures that the code having high power will be demodulated firstly, and thus it is easy to be implemented.
- a non- linear joint detection algorithm e.g., a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation
- a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation
- the order of the demodulated signals is recovered according to an ranking order of the codes in the original symbol, so as to obtain a final demodulation result.
- the joint detection result can be directly used by the other processing, thereby to facilitate the use.
- Fig.1 is a flow chart showing a method for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present inv ention
- FIG.2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig-3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a receiver which comprise the joint detection apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig.4 is a schematic view showing the simulation result of the method for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present invention.
- a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium for joint detection are provided in embodiments of the present invention to sort power of codes and perform joint detection using the sorted signals, thereby to improve performance of the joint detection.
- a matched filtering result e mf of a received signal e is sorted according to the power of the codes, so that the joint detection can solve the signals having higher power in a symbol firstly so as to improve performance of the joint detection.
- e mf indicates a matched filtering result which is column vector
- elements ⁇ ,, e , e3 ⁇ 42 constitute a second symbol; elements el nm , e lf> N , ⁇ ⁇ • , ej3 ⁇ 4 u N constitute an Nth symbol.
- elements e ⁇ fj] , e ⁇ , fj2 , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , e ⁇ fiN constitute a first code
- slements e ? ; ni i constitute a second code
- elements e3 ⁇ 4, e3 ⁇ 4,— , e3 ⁇ 4 constitute a Krath code
- the matched filtering result is a sequence, and a ranking order of a code in the matched filtering result is determined by the locations of elements in the symbols.
- the first code has the lowest ranking order, so elements (e , f l , e nfjl , ⁇ , e3 ⁇ 4) composing the first code are located at the front of symbols, and the Kruth code has the highest ranking order, so elements
- a ranking order of a code in the matched filtering result can be adjusted by change the locations of elements in symbols.
- A indicates a system matrix which is determined according to the spreading code and channel impulse responses of all users which can be constructed based on information on the active windows:
- system submatrix B is shown as following:
- K is the number of the codes
- W is the length of a system impulse response window
- Q is a system spreading factor
- a method for joint detection comprises: Step SI 10: acquiring a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a recei ved signal;
- Step SI 20 adjusting an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix corresponding to the matched filtering result based on the power of the codes, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix;
- Step SI 30 performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals
- a first code is demodulat ed prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is higher than the power of the second code;
- the joint detection may solve the signal with higher power firstly, and the signal with high power may be demodulated more accurately.
- the demodulated signal is used for the demodulation of the subsequent signals.
- the more the accuracy of the demodulated signal the more the accuracy of the signal to be demodulated subsequently when the demodulated signal is used for the demodulation of the subsequent signals. This inhibits an erroneous propagation effect and improves accuracy of the joint detection.
- the characteristics of a triangular matrix are used for the last stage of demodulation. At first, an equation having only one unknown number is solved, and the solved unknown number is then substituted into an equation having two unknown numbers, etc. All solutions are obtained by iteration, and such procedure is actually a procedure of removing interference, it is advantageous to remove a strong interference signal as soon as possible when the power of the signal demodulated firstly is higher; thereby the performance of the joint detection is improved,
- the power of the codes needs to be acquired so as to facilitate the subsequent adjustment of the ranking order of the codes and the ranking order of the column vectors of the system submatrix.
- the acquiring of the powers corresponding to the codes may be implemented by various methods.
- a sum of the power of all elements with a code sequence number in the matched filtering result may also be used as the power of the code with the code sequence number.
- the power of the first code is a sum of the power of signals ( or elements) e ⁇ Cl , e ⁇ fjN whose code sequence number (a superscript of the elements) is
- the power of the Kru lh code is a sum of the power of signalse3 ⁇ 4 , .... e3 ⁇ 4 whose code sequence number is Kru That is, the power ⁇ ( ⁇ ' corresponding to the k ra code is calculated by the following equation:
- This provides an adjustment basis for the ranking order of the codes and the ranking order of the column vectors.
- the signal demodulated firstly may be a signal with the lowest power or a signal with higher power, which depends on the occupancy situation of the codes.
- the weak signal is demodulated firstly and used for the subsequent demodulation of the other signals. Due to the existence of the other strong interference signals, there exists a low possibility to demodulate the weak signal accurately as compared with the signal with high power.
- the weak signal is used for the subsequent demodulation of the other signals, i.e., a signal that is demodulated inaccurately is used for the demodulation of the other signals, the demodulation result of the other signals will also be inaccurate with high probability, thereby the performance of the joint detection will be reduced.
- the power of the codes is determined, and then the matched filtering result and the system submatrix are adjusted according to the power of the codes.
- the codes with higher power can be demodulated firstly so as to improve the performance of the joint detection.
- the output of the matched filter is as shown as follows: emf — ! mf,l> e mf,l' ' e raf,l ' e mf,2' e mf,2' ' ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2if,2' ' e mf,N > e mf,N' ' e mf,NJ
- the adjusted system submatrix may be used to generate an adjusted system matrixA sort . Cholesky decomposition is performed on the adjusted system matrix to obtain H for the joint detection,
- the method according to the embodiments of the present invention farther includes recovering the ranking order of the demodulated signals in accordance with the original ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result, so as to obtain a final demodulation result.
- the demodulated signals obtained are sorted as follows: a demodulated signal corresponding to the 8 th code, a demodulated signal corresponding to the 7 ta code, a demodulated signal corresponding to the ( ru-l) th code, a demodulated signal corresponding to the first code, and a demodulated signal corresponding to the second code.
- the demodulated signals of the codes are re-sorted so as to facilitate the subsequent processing. That is, the demodulated signals for the subsequent processing are: the demodulated signal corresponding to the first code, the demodulated signal corresponding to the second code, the demodulated signal corresponding to the (Kru-! lh code, and the demodulated signal corresponding to the Kru 1" " code.
- the joint detection can be performed after obtaini g H and the adjusted matched filtering result.
- the joint detection may use a linear joint detection algorithm, e.g., a ZF algorithm or an MMSE algorithm, and also a non-linear joint detection algorithm, e.g., a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation such as a BDFE-MMSE algorithm.
- a non-linear joint detection algorithm e.g., a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation such as a BDFE-MMSE algorithm.
- the soft output may be mapped into a modulated standard constellation point, i.e., a hard-decision procedure.
- the non-linear joint detection algorithm such as the joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation, is more accurate as compared to the linear joint detection.
- the joint detection apparatus includes: a power determination unit, configured to acquire a po was of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a received signal ;
- an adjustment unit configured to adjust an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors corresponding to the codes in a system submatrix based on the power of the code, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix;
- a joint detection unit configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes, wherein, w r hen performing the joint detection, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code,
- a receiver used in a Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access system (e.g. TD -S CDMA system), which comprise a joint detection apparatus used for performing the following operations:
- a first code when performing joint detection, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code.
- the joint detection apparatus uses an output e, r j of the matched filter to acquire power of the codes in the output of the matched filter and then sorts the codes.
- the output of the matched filter is:
- the joint detection apparatus calculates the power of each code by the following equation:
- the appara tus sorts the codes in the matched filtering result.
- the higher the power of the codes the lower the ranking order of the codes in the symbol.
- the adjusted matched filtering result e m i sori is:
- the joint detection apparatus also needs a matrix H which is generated based on a system matrix A.
- the system matrix is constructed according to a system submatnx B.
- the joint detection apparatus after the codes in the symbol of the matched filtering result are re-sorted, the joint detection apparatus also needs to sort the system submatrix B corresponding to an original matched filtering signal. The higher the power of the codes, the lower the ranking order of the codes in the symbol.
- the joint detection apparatus may perform joint detection to obtain a soft output of the signal as follows:
- the joint detection method that uses decision feedback differs from the joint detection method that does not use decision feedback in that, after obtaining a soft output d sort (i) of each code i, hard decision and reconstruction are performed on the soft output, and then a soft output of a next code is solved using the
- Q ⁇ ⁇ is a quantization process so as to map the soft output into the modulated standard constellation point, for example into the standard constellation pint of QSPK, i.e., a hard decision procedure.
- QSPK a quantization process so as to map the soft output into the modulated standard constellation point, for example into the standard constellation pint of QSPK, i.e., a hard decision procedure.
- d sort may also be reconstructed in a soft decision manner, and the reconstructed signals may be used for the subsequent solution.
- hard decision is performed on the last vector solved to obtain a hard decision result.
- the hard decision result of the last vector is substituted into the second equation from the last in z— H H d sort , so as to solve a second vector from the last in d sort .
- Hard decision is then performed on the second vector from the last to obtain a hard decision result.
- H H cf sort to solve a third vector from the last in d sort ; ... .... All the vectors in d sort can be solved by repeating the above procedures, Finally, d sort is re-sorted to obtain the correct order of the demodulation results of the codes.
- the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be realized by hardware and/or software, thus the joint detection according to the embodiments of the present invention is adapted to be realized by processors such as a general processor and a signal processor.
- the computer program includes program codes which are stored in a computer-readable medium and ca be loaded and executed via the processors so as to carry out the above-mentioned method.
- the present invention also provides a storage medium storing the computer program,
- the power of the codes is sorted and joint detection is performed using the sorted signals, thus the performance of the joint detection is improved, It can inhibit influence of M and ISI in a better manner based on the current joint detection algorithms, and can notably improve the performance of the receiver especially in the case of strong interference from the neighbor cells,
- a recei ver which comprises the joint detection apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig, 3, includes:
- a channel estimation unit 31 configured to perform channel estimation using the received signal to acquire a channel estimation result
- a system matrix generation unit 32 configured to generate a system matrix A using the channel estimation result
- a matched filter 33 configured to perform matched filtering using the received signal and the system matrix A to acquire a matched filtering result e rnf ;
- a power determination unit 34 configured to acquire a power of each of a number of codes in the matched filtering result of the received signal
- a first adjustment unit 35 configured to adjust a ranking order of column vectors in the system submatrix B based on the power of the code to acquire an adjusted system matri A 30rt ;
- a second adjustment unit 36 configured to adjust a ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result e mf to acquire an adjusted matched filtering result
- a H matri generation Unit 37 configured to generate a H matrix using the adjusted system matrix ⁇ 80; ⁇ ;
- a joint detection unit 38 configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result e mf)SO rt and the H matrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes;
- Fig.3 With the above stimulation configuration and channel environment, the simulation result is shown by Fig.3. As can be seen from Fig.3, when Ior Ioc (the ratio of useful signal spectral density to interference spectral density) is used as a performance index, there exists a difference of about 5.5dB between the current joint detection algorithms and the ideal performance. However, when the joint detection algorithm according to the embodiments of the present invention is used, such a difference will be reduced to about 0.8dB.
- Ior Ioc the ratio of useful signal spectral density to interference spectral density
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium for joint detection. The method comprises: adjusting a ranking order of codes in a matched filtering result and a ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix according to the power, performing the joint detection using an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix, and acquiring demodulated signals corresponding to the codes. The codes having high power will be demodulated firstly, thus it ensures accuracy of demodulation, inhibits erroneous propagation effect and improves accuracy of the joint detection.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium for improving performance of joint detection.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
[0002] Even though embodiments of the invention will be described herein in relation to Time Division - Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), it should be noted that embodiments of the invention may be equally applicable in other scenarios. Thus, the invention is not limited to TD-SCDMA.
[0003] Spreading of data may consist of two operations. One is channelization and the other is scrambling. First, each data symbol is spread with a channelization code. The resultant sequence is then scrambled by a scramble code. The channelization code may take the form of orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) code in a TD-SCDMA system. Because the scramble code for a cell is the same, while the channelization codes for different users belonging to the cell are different, the channelization code used by a user can be referred to as a user code and the channelization code causing interference with user codes can be referred to as an interference code. Regarding more detailed explanation on all sorts of codes, please refer to 3GPP TS 25.223 V5.3.0. If not otherwise stated, a reference to a code or codes in the following description typically refers to channelization codes.
[0004] In a Direct Sequence-Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) system, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technology is used, Since different signals have different propagation delay and since there exist interference codes, the spreading code sets adopted by the signals are not completely orthogonal at reception. Such an interference caused by a non-zero cross correlation coefficient is called as Multiple Access Interference (MAI). Generally, a Matched Filter (MF) or a Multi-user Detector (MUD) (joint detector (JD)) is used in the CDMA system to recover the signals before spreading and scrambling. With the traditional MF it is impossible to effectively inhibit the MAI, but the MUD can remove the influence of the MAI in a better manner.
[0005] In the case of a strong interference from an intra-frequency neighbor cell , t he performance of the current J D techno logy will decrease rapidly. Especially under an adverse condition where the power of the intra-frequency neighbor cell is substantially greater than a local cell, there exists a need (e.g. in the current
TD-SCDMA system) to remove the influence of the intra-frequency neighbor cell and improve reception performance of signals from the local cell.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium, so as to improve the performance of joint detection.
[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filter result of a received signal is acquired, an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors corresponding to the codes in a system submatrix are adjusted based on the power so as to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, and demodulated signals corresponding to the codes are obtained. The code having higher power is demodulated firstly. This ensures accuracy of the demodulation, inhibits an erroneous propagation effect, and improves accuracy of the joint detection.
[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, a power of the code with a code sequence number is a sum of the power of all elements with the code sequence number in the matched filtering result.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol . In the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code. This ensures that the code having high power will be demodulated firstly, and thus it is easy to be implemented.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, a non- linear joint detection algorithm, e.g., a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation, is used to perform joint detection, so as to improve accuracy of the joint detection.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, after acqu iring demodulated signals corresponding to the codes in an original symbol, the order of the demodulated signals is recovered according to an ranking order of the codes in the original symbol, so as to obtain a final demodulation result. Hence, the joint detection result can be directly used by the other processing, thereby to facilitate the use.
[0012] The present invention is not limited to the above features and advantages. In fact, a person skilled in the art will find the other features and advantages after reviewing the embodiments and drawings below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Fig.1 is a flow chart showing a method for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present inv ention;
[0014] Fig.2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present invention;
[0015] Fig-3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a receiver which comprise the joint detection apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention; and
[0016] Fig.4 is a schematic view showing the simulation result of the method for joint detection according to some embodiments of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0017] A method, an apparatus, a receiver, a computer program and a storage medium for joint detection are provided in embodiments of the present invention to sort power of codes and perform joint detection using the sorted signals, thereby to improve performance of the joint detection.
[0018] In the joint detection method according to the embodiments of the present invention, a matched filtering result emf of a received signal e is sorted according to the power of the codes, so that the joint detection can solve the signals having higher power in a symbol firstly so as to improve performance of the joint detection.
[001 ] In order to better understand the present invention, some basic concepts related to the embodiments are firstly explained as following:
[0020] emf indicates a matched filtering result which is column vector,
[0021] Presumed that the number of codes is ru and the number of symbols of the matched filter result of a received signal is , an output of the matched filter is shown as follows:
„ _ r.,1 .,2 £1 ru -,1 -,2 £1 ru „1 02 ,, ru iT fcmf Ltmf,l ' tmf,l ' " ' hnf.l ' tmf,2 ' fcraf,2 ' " ' ' ¾2' " ' ' fcmf,N' hnf.N' " " ' fcmf,NJ wherein:
, e¾ constitute a first symbol;
elements εί^·,, e , e¾2 constitute a second symbol; elements elnm , e lf> N, · · • , ej¾u N constitute an Nth symbol.
elements e^fj] , e^,fj2, ·■ · , e^fiN constitute a first code;
slements e?;ni i ,
constitute a second code; elements e¾, e¾,— , e¾ constitute a Krath code;
[0022] It is found that, the matched filtering result is a sequence, and a ranking order of a code in the matched filtering result is determined by the locations of elements in the symbols.
[0023] The lo wer the ranking order of a code, the lower the ranking order of the elements in a symbol,
[0024] Taking emf for example, the first code has the lowest ranking order, so elements (e ,f l, e nfjl, ··· , e¾) composing the first code are located at the front of symbols, and the Kruth code has the highest ranking order, so elements
(e¾, e¾,. ·· - , e¾) composing the Kruth code are located at the end of symbols.
[0025] A ranking order of a code in the matched filtering result can be adjusted by change the locations of elements in symbols.
A indicates a system matrix which is determined according to the spreading code and channel impulse responses of all users which can be constructed based on information on the active windows:
[0028] Where, the column vector ^ ' corresponding to the kth codes is shown as following: k=l , ..., K where.
k
is dot product of a spreading code and a scrambling code;
the channel estimation corresponding to the active spreading code;
K is the number of the codes;
W is the length of a system impulse response window;
Q is a system spreading factor.
The lower the ranking order of the column vector in the system submatrix, the closer to the left of the system submatrix, In other words, the lower the ranking order of the column vector in the system submatrix, the smaller a colum sequence number of the column vector in the system subma trix.
As shown in Fig. I , a method for joint detection according to the embodiments of the present invention comprises:
Step SI 10: acquiring a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a recei ved signal;
Step SI 20: adjusting an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix corresponding to the matched filtering result based on the power of the codes, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
Step SI 30: performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals
corresponding to the codes, wherein, when performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, a first code is demodulat ed prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is higher than the power of the second code;
[0031] The solution according to the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0032] The joint detection may solve the signal with higher power firstly, and the signal with high power may be demodulated more accurately.
[0033] In the joint detection, the demodulated signal is used for the demodulation of the subsequent signals. Thus, the more the accuracy of the demodulated signal, the more the accuracy of the signal to be demodulated subsequently when the demodulated signal is used for the demodulation of the subsequent signals. This inhibits an erroneous propagation effect and improves accuracy of the joint detection.
[0034] In the joint detection, the characteristics of a triangular matrix are used for the last stage of demodulation. At first, an equation having only one unknown number is solved, and the solved unknown number is then substituted into an equation having two unknown numbers, etc. All solutions are obtained by iteration, and such procedure is actually a procedure of removing interference, it is advantageous to remove a strong interference signal as soon as possible when the power of the signal demodulated firstly is higher; thereby the performance of the joint detection is improved,
[0035] Detailed explanations are pro vided hereinafter on how to perform joint detection using the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
[0036] At first, in the embodiments of the present invention, the power of the codes needs to be acquired so as to facilitate the subsequent adjustment of the ranking order of the codes and the ranking order of the column vectors of the system submatrix. The acquiring of the powers corresponding to the codes may be implemented by various methods.
[0037] In an implementation, a sum of the power of all elements with a code sequence number in the matched filtering result may also be used as the power of the code with the code sequence number.
[0038] The detailed description is given as follows.
[ 0039] As mentioned hereinbefore, presumed that the number of codes is Kru and the number of symbols is N, an o utput of the matched filter is shown as follows:
el __ l ' . . . -Krii ,,1 I ' . . . „Krii . . . „1 „2 elKru
*-mf — !>ιηί;ΐ' ^mtl' ' fcmf,l ' hn ' hn ' - fcrnf,2 - < Lmf,N > L:nf, ' > t-mtNJ
Thus, the power of the first code is a sum of the power of signals ( or elements) e^Cl, e^fjN whose code sequence number (a superscript of the elements) is
1; , ; and the power of the Krulh code is a sum of the power of signalse¾ , .... e¾ whose code sequence number is Kru That is, the power Ρ(ιί' corresponding to the kra code is calculated by the following equation:
Presumed that P(s:) > P(7) > ··■ > p(Km-i) > pW > pP), the ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result is adjusted according to the above-mentioned order of power.
[0040] In the above implementation, merely a part of the symbols (e.g., a half of the symbols) may also be used for calculating the power.
[0041] The power of the codes can be obtained by the above embodiments.
This provides an adjustment basis for the ranking order of the codes and the ranking order of the column vectors.
[0042] In the prior art, no matter whether a zero-forcing algorithm, an MMSE algorithm, or any other joint detection algorithm is used, a soft decision result d of the signal transmitted at a transmitting end is calculated by the following formula:
3 - (HHH)_ 1emf
[0043] For different joint detection algorithms, the calculation modes for triangular matrix H are different. If a linear zero forcing equalization algorithm is used, then HHH = A A, if the MMSE equalization algorithm is used, thenHH = AHA + σ2Ι.
[0044] However, emf is the matched filtering result of the received signal, and
H is calculated according to a system matrix corresponding to the received signal [0045] Thus, during the solution procedure of the above equation, the signal demodulated firstly may be a signal with the lowest power or a signal with higher power, which depends on the occupancy situation of the codes, When the last code is occupied by a very weak signal, the weak signal is demodulated firstly and used for the subsequent demodulation of the other signals. Due to the existence of the other strong interference signals, there exists a low possibility to demodulate the weak signal accurately as compared with the signal with high power. Moreover, because the weak signal is used for the subsequent demodulation of the other signals, i.e., a signal that is demodulated inaccurately is used for the demodulation of the other signals, the demodulation result of the other signals will also be inaccurate with high probability, thereby the performance of the joint detection will be reduced.
[0046] In the embodiments of the present in vention, in order to avoid the performance of the joint detection from being reduced, the power of the codes is determined, and then the matched filtering result and the system submatrix are adjusted according to the power of the codes. Thus, the codes with higher power can be demodulated firstly so as to improve the performance of the joint detection.
[0047] Following are the detailed descriptions on the process of adjusting the ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and the ranking order of the column vectors in the system submatrix according to the calculated power of the
codes so as to obtain the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix.
[0048] At first, it needs to adjust the ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result according to the power of the codes. In the adjusted matched filtering result of the received signal, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol.
[0049] As mentioned hereinbefore, presumed that the number of codes is Kru and the number of symbols is N, the output of the matched filter is as shown as follows: emf — ! mf,l> emf,l' ' eraf,l ' emf,2' emf,2' ' <½if,2' ' emf,N > emf,N' ' emf,NJ
[0050] Presumed that the power of the code is calculated according to said method, the power P(k) corresponding to code k is calculated by the following equation:
Presumed that P''8) > P^7) > - · · > p(K™-D > pW > p(¾, the adjusted matched filtering result is:
Γ 2 1 Krii-1 ... 7 8 ... 2 1 Kru- i ... 7 8 ιΤ
LLrnf,l' rnf.l' rnf.l ·■ ' cmf,l' cmf,l' ' ^mfcN' cmf,N' cmf,N ' ' nif.N' ,Ν J
[0051] It is found that, for each symbol in the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol.
[0052] In the embodiments of the present invention, it also needs to adjust the ranking order of the column vectors in the system submatrix B according to the power
of the code. In the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code,
[0053] Presumed that the original system submatrix is B■■■■ [B1 , B2, ·■■ , BKru ], and the adjusted system submatri is
¾ort — fB2 i B1 ; Β^.! * · · , B7, B8 j
[0054] It is found that, in the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower of the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code.
[0055] After the above-mentioned adjustment, the adjusted system submatrix may be used to generate an adjusted system matrixAsort. Cholesky decomposition is performed on the adjusted system matrix to obtain H for the joint detection,
[0056] For different joint detection algorithms, the calculation modes for H are different. If an MMSE algorithm is used, As0rtAsort + σ2 Ι = HHH, If a ZF algorithm is used, A*?ortAsort = HHH. Other calculation modes for H can also be used.
[0057] In order to facilitate the subsequent processing, after acquiring the demodulated signals corresponding to the codes in the symbol, the method according to the embodiments of the present invention farther includes recovering the ranking order of the demodulated signals in accordance with the original ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result, so as to obtain a final demodulation result.
[0058] Taking the first symbol in the matched filtering result as an example.
For the signals ej,f l, e^(1, - , e¾ , presumed that > pi7 > ··■ > ρΐκπι-ΐ) > pU) > P(2 the demodulated signals obtained are sorted as follows: a demodulated signal corresponding to the 8th code, a demodulated signal corresponding to the 7ta code,
a demodulated signal corresponding to the ( ru-l)th code, a demodulated signal corresponding to the first code, and a demodulated signal corresponding to the second code.
[0059] However, in the subsequent processing, it also needs to perform processing according to the original ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result, At this time, the demodulated signals of the codes are re-sorted so as to facilitate the subsequent processing. That is, the demodulated signals for the subsequent processing are: the demodulated signal corresponding to the first code, the demodulated signal corresponding to the second code, the demodulated signal corresponding to the (Kru-!)lh code, and the demodulated signal corresponding to the Kru1"" code.
[0060] The joint detection can be performed after obtaini g H and the adjusted matched filtering result. In the embodiments of the present invention, the joint detection may use a linear joint detection algorithm, e.g., a ZF algorithm or an MMSE algorithm, and also a non-linear joint detection algorithm, e.g., a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation such as a BDFE-MMSE algorithm. Of course, the soft output may be mapped into a modulated standard constellation point, i.e., a hard-decision procedure. The non-linear joint detection algorithm, such as the joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation, is more accurate as compared to the linear joint detection.
[0061] The joint detection apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig.2, includes:
a power determination unit, configured to acquire a po wer of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a received signal ;
an adjustment unit, configured to adjust an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors corresponding to the codes in a system submatrix based on the power of the code, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
a joint detection unit, configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes, wherein, wrhen performing the joint detection, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code,
[0062] A receiver used in a Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access system (e.g. TD -S CDMA system), which comprise a joint detection apparatus used for performing the following operations:
acquiring a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a received signal;
adjusting an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors corresponding to the codes in a system submatrix based on the power of the code, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes,
wherein, when performing joint detection, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code.
[0063] Following are the detailed descriptions on the processing by combining the above-mentioned apparatus for joint detection and taking the BDFE-MMSE algorithm as an example.
[0064] At first , the joint detection apparatus uses an output e,rj of the matched filter to acquire power of the codes in the output of the matched filter and then sorts the codes.
[0065] Presumed that the matched filter includes N symbols and each symbol includes Kru codes, the output of the matched filter is:
pKru p ru ... „Kru -|T
Lmf i mt,l' Lnit,l' ' ^νηί, ί ' t,mt ' t-int ' ^mf^' ' '-mf.N' ^ΐϊΐί,Ν' ' '- rnt.NJ
Then, the joint detection apparatus calculates the power of each code by the following equation:
[0066] After obtaining the power of each code, the appara tus sorts the codes in the matched filtering result. In the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the codes, the lower the ranking order of the codes in the symbol. Presumed
that P^ > P^ > > > Ρ^', when the codes are re-sorted, the adjusted matched filtering result emi sori is:
Γ»2 pi ... ( pi ... p7 p8 ... p2 pi ... p7 p8 1T l>mf,l' cmi,l' ' mf,l' mf,l' nif.l' inf,2' ' cmf,2' cmf,2' ' ½f,N' ^mfJN' ' mf, - rnf.N.i
[0067] Meanwhile, the joint detection apparatus also needs a matrix H which is generated based on a system matrix A. The system matrix is constructed according to a system submatnx B. In the embodiments of the present invention, after the codes in the symbol of the matched filtering result are re-sorted, the joint detection apparatus also needs to sort the system submatrix B corresponding to an original matched filtering signal. The higher the power of the codes, the lower the ranking order of the codes in the symbol.
[0068] Presumed that channel estimation is performed at the receiving end, the system submatrix B is obtained as follows: B = [B1 ( B2 , " · , ΒΚΓ11 ] .
Because > > ··· > p(l> > p<2>, when the vectors are re-sorted, a system submatrix Bsori is:
¾ort — i¾ > Bl> ^7' ¾ J - Then, the joint detection apparatus generates a corresponding system matrix
Agott using the sorted system submatrix B3on, and performs Cholesky decomposition on the system matrix Asort to obtain a triangular matrix H.
[0069] For different joint detection algorithms, the calculation modes for the matrix H are different. For example, if an MMSE algorithm is used, As0rtAsort + σ2ί ~ HHH .
[0070] After the matched filtering result mf,sort is obtained and the codes are re-sorted and the matrix H corresponding to the system submatrix Bsort, the joint detection apparatus may perform joint detection to obtain a soft output of the signal as follows:
dsort— (AsortAsort + aO~ l emf,sort = (HH!i) ~ i emf,sort'
[0071] The solution procedure is detailed ly described as follows.
At first, presumed that z = HHdsort, the equation dsort = (HHH)-1emf,sort may be converted into the equation Hz — emf sort. Because H is a triangular matrix, z can be calculated by iteration. After obtaining z, dsort is solved using the equation z = HHdSOirt . Then, dsort is solved through the equation z— HHdsort using a decision feedback method.
[0072] The joint detection method that uses decision feedback differs from the joint detection method that does not use decision feedback in that, after obtaining a soft output dsort(i) of each code i, hard decision and reconstruction are performed on the soft output, and then a soft output of a next code is solved using the
reconstructed signal.
[0073] The reconstructed signal obtained by performing hard decision and reconstruction on the soft output is as follows:
drecons(i) = Q ortCO},
wherein Q{»} is a quantization process so as to map the soft output into the modulated standard constellation point, for example into the standard constellation pint of QSPK, i.e., a hard decision procedure.
[0074] There are various hard decision methods, and how to perform, hard decision on the soft output is not a key point of the present invention,
[0075] Meanwhile, dsort may also be reconstructed in a soft decision manner, and the reconstructed signals may be used for the subsequent solution.
[0076] The iterative demodulation procedure for the codes is described as follows.
[0077] At first, a last vector of dsort is solved according the last, equation of z = H usort. Then, hard decision is performed on the last vector solved to obtain a hard decision result. The hard decision result of the last vector is substituted into the second equation from the last in z— HHdsort, so as to solve a second vector from the last in dsort. Hard decision is then performed on the second vector from the last to obtain a hard decision result. The hard decision result of the last vector and the second vector from the last is substituted into the third equation from the last in Z =
HHcfsort, to solve a third vector from the last in dsort; ... .... All the vectors in dsort can be solved by repeating the above procedures, Finally, dsort is re-sorted to obtain the correct order of the demodulation results of the codes.
[0078] The method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be realized by hardware and/or software, thus the joint detection according to the embodiments of the present invention is adapted to be realized by processors such as a general processor and a signal processor. The computer program includes program codes which are stored in a computer-readable medium and ca be loaded and executed via the processors so as to carry out the above-mentioned method.
[0079] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing the computer program,
[0080] In the embodiments of the present invention, the power of the codes is sorted and joint detection is performed using the sorted signals, thus the performance of the joint detection is improved, It can inhibit influence of M and ISI in a better manner based on the current joint detection algorithms, and can notably improve the performance of the receiver especially in the case of strong interference from the neighbor cells,
[0081 ] A recei ver which comprises the joint detection apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Fig, 3, includes:
a channel estimation unit 31 , configured to perform channel estimation using the received signal to acquire a channel estimation result;
a system matrix generation unit 32, configured to generate a system matrix A using the channel estimation result;
a matched filter 33, configured to perform matched filtering using the received signal and the system matrix A to acquire a matched filtering result ernf;
a power determination unit 34, configured to acquire a power of each of a number of codes in the matched filtering result of the received signal;
a first adjustment unit 35, configured to adjust a ranking order of column vectors in the system submatrix B based on the power of the code to acquire an adjusted system matri A30rt;
a second adjustment unit 36, configured to adjust a ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result emf to acquire an adjusted matched filtering result a H matri generation Unit 37, configured to generate a H matrix using the adjusted system matrix Α80;ΐ;
a joint detection unit 38, configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result emf)SOrt and the H matrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes;
[0082] wherein, in the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol, and in the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code, so the signal with higher power may be solved earlier. This inhibits an erroneous propagation effect and improves accuracy of the joint detection. In order to test the effect, stimulation is performed using the following stimulation conditions.
[0084] The joint detection method based on decision feedback demodulation according to the embodiments of the present invention is advantageous in
performance over the traditional algorithm, and such a performance advantage is more obvious in the case of strong interference signals.
Claims
1. A method for joint detection in a Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access system (DS-CDMA) system, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a received signal;
adjusting an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix based on the power of the codes, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes,
wherein, when performing joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the DS-CDMA system is a Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power of the code with a code sequence number is a sum of the power of all elements with the code sequence number in the matched filtering
4, The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol, and in the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code,
5, The joint detection method according to claim 1, wherein, after acquiring the demodulated signals corresponding to the codes, the method further comprises: recovering an order of the demodulated signals according to an original order of the codes in the matched filtering result, to obtain a final demodulation result,
6, An apparatus for joint detection in a Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access system (DS-CDMA) system, comprising:
a power determination unit, configured to acquire a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a recei ved signal;
an adjustment unit, configured to adjust an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix based on the power of the codes, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
a joint detection unit, configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes,
wherein, when the joint detection unit uses the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code,
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the DS-CDMA system is a Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system.
8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the power of the code with a code sequence number is a sum of the power of all elements in the matched filtering result with the code sequence number.
9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, in the adjusted matched filtering result, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the code in the symbol, and in the adjusted system submatrix, the higher the power of the code, the lower the ranking order of the vector corresponding to the code.
10. The apparatus according to ciaim6, wherein a non-linear joint detection algorithm is used for the joint detection.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10. wherein the non- linear joint detection algorithm is a joint detection algorithm based on decision feedback demodulation.
12, The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein, the apparatus further comprising:
a recover unit, configured to recover an ranking order of the demodulated signals according to an original order of the codes in said matched filtering result, to obtain a final demodulation result, after acquiring the demodulated signals corresponding to the code.
13. A receiver used in a Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access system, which comprise a joint detection apparatus which comprising:
a powrer determination unit, configured to acquire a power of each of a number of codes in a matched filtering result of a received signal;
an adjustment unit, configured to adjust an ranking order of the codes in the matched filtering result and an ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix based on the power of the codes, to obtain an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix; and
a joint detection unit configured to perform joint detection using the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, to acquire demodulated signals corresponding to the codes,
wherein, when the joint detection unit uses the adjusted matched filtering result and the adjusted system submatrix, a first code is demodulated prior to a second code, and the power of the first code is greater than the power of the second code.
14, A computer program including instructions, wherein, when being executed by a processor, the instructions are arranged to enable said processor to cany out the method according to any of claims 1 to 5.
15. A storage medium in which the computer program according to claim 14 is stored,
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| CN201180073794.9A CN103931106B (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | A kind of method for joint-detection, device and receiver |
| US14/348,015 US9014236B2 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection |
| EP11873358.3A EP2761765A4 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection |
| PCT/CN2011/080279 WO2013044462A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection |
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| PCT/CN2011/080279 WO2013044462A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Method, apparatus, receiver, computer program and storage medium for joint detection |
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| EP (1) | EP2761765A4 (en) |
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| US20140241403A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| CN103931106B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| EP2761765A4 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
| CN103931106A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| EP2761765A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
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