WO2013043005A2 - Economical power cable distribution system - Google Patents

Economical power cable distribution system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013043005A2
WO2013043005A2 PCT/KR2012/007633 KR2012007633W WO2013043005A2 WO 2013043005 A2 WO2013043005 A2 WO 2013043005A2 KR 2012007633 W KR2012007633 W KR 2012007633W WO 2013043005 A2 WO2013043005 A2 WO 2013043005A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentric neutral
distribution system
power cable
grounded
concentric
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PCT/KR2012/007633
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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WO2013043005A3 (en
Inventor
전명수
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Jun Myung-Soo
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Publication of WO2013043005A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013043005A2/en
Publication of WO2013043005A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013043005A3/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-phase power distribution system of a power cable having a concentric midline, and more particularly, to an economic power cable distribution system that enables economic distribution.
  • the 22.9kV-Y power distribution system directly supplies power to a relatively large customer, such as a factory or a building, through a distribution line from a substation, or a small factory or a general household through a secondary transformer.
  • a relatively large customer such as a factory or a building
  • a distribution line from a substation, or a small factory or a general household
  • a secondary transformer In the conventional cable distribution system, each phase wire and neutral wire forming three phases are distributed separately, but recently, a method of distributing concentric neutral wires concentrically with each phase wire and distributing power without separate neutral wires is used.
  • FIG. 1 shows the general structure of a cable with concentric neutrals.
  • the inner semiconducting layer 2 is coated on the outside of the core wire 1 forming the core, and the insulating layer 3 is formed around the inner semiconducting layer 2.
  • An outer semiconducting layer 4 is formed around the insulating layer 3, and a concentric neutral line 5 is formed outside thereof.
  • the outer shell 6 is covered outside of the concentric neutral line 5.
  • the concentric neutral line 5 is multiplely grounded by using a cable as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the conventional method of multiple grounding the concentric neutral line (5) is as follows. The front end of the concentric neutral line 5 is collectively grounded for each section of the concentric center line 5 partitioned by the manhole 7 and the like, and the rear end is collectively grounded together with the front end of the concentric neutral line 5 of the next section. That is, the concentric neutral line 5 of each phase is grounded at both ends of each section.
  • the multi-grounding method directly grounds the concentric neutral wire to the ground, there is little voltage rise in the event of a ground fault, so that the insulation of the power equipment and the detection of the ground fault current are easy, and the protective relay operates quickly.
  • the present invention has been proposed to solve the problem of the increase in the cross-sectional area due to the cyclic current load of the concentric neutral wire as described above, the one of the three phase of the concentric neutral wire is grounded at both ends, the other two concentric neutral wire is one-sided,
  • the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire that is grounded at one end is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire which is grounded at both ends, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide an economical power cable distribution system by minimizing the amount of cables while ensuring safety of the distribution system.
  • the present invention is proposed to prevent the unbalanced current and the circulating current generation of the concentric neutral wire, the ground of the concentric neutral wire of any one phase of the three phase concentric neutral wire, and the other two concentric neutral wire is based on the configuration of one-sided grounding, Distribute the phase wires that ground both ends of the concentric neutral wires in each section of the triangular lines equally to prevent unbalanced currents and circulating currents, as well as to maintain the line constants and to ensure the safety of the distribution system, while minimizing the amount of cables.
  • Another purpose is to provide an economical power cable distribution system.
  • the present invention distributes concentric neutral wires that are grounded at both ends with equal section lengths for each of the three phases of A, B, and C to maintain the line constants of each phase and evenly distribute the earth circulation currents for each phase to offset each other.
  • a power cable distribution system having a concentric neutral line for each phase line of three phases and multiple grounding of the concentric neutral wire, the first cable provided in any one phase line of each phase line
  • the concentric neutral line is disconnected and grounded at both ends of each section
  • the second concentric neutral line provided in the other two merchant ships is disconnected and grounded at one end so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened, and the second concentric neutral line is It has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral line.
  • the power cable distribution system in the power cable distribution system for distributing power cables of A, B, C three phases, each having a concentric neutral wire for each merchant line, A, B, C 3
  • the three sets of branch lines branched from the supply line for supplying the power lines of the phases are respectively grounded at both ends of the first concentric neutral lines provided in phases A, B, and C, and are separated from each other.
  • the second concentric neutral wire is disconnected and includes one end grounded so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened.
  • the power cable distribution system for distributing the power cables of A, B, C three phases, each of which has a concentric neutral wire, the concentric neutral wire is disconnected It is divided into a first concentric neutral wire which is grounded at both ends and a second concentric neutral wire which is grounded at one end and the other end is grounded so that the other end is opened, and the first concentric neutral wire is distributed in each phase of A, B, and C three phases.
  • the second concentric neutral line may be disposed in a section in which the first concentric neutral line is not disposed.
  • the second concentric neutral line may include having a cross-sectional area determined in consideration of the cable ground fault current.
  • the second concentric neutral line may include a cross-sectional area of less than half of the first concentric neutral line.
  • the power cable distribution system may include that the core wire of the merchant ship having the second concentric neutral wire has a smaller cross-sectional area compared to the core wire of the merchant ship having the first concentric neutral wire.
  • the second concentric neutral line may include a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral line.
  • the phase line A, B, C three phase may include that the length of the section in which the first concentric neutral wire is disposed evenly distributed.
  • both ends of the three-phase concentric neutrals are grounded on both ends only for one phase of the synchronous neutral line, and the other two phases of the concentric neutrals, one-sided grounded, and the one-sided grounded concentric neutrals may consider the circulating current.
  • both ends grounded only for one concentric neutral line, and one side grounded for the other two phases concentric neutral line,
  • the unbalanced current and the circulating current in the concentric neutral wires can be prevented to balance the line constants, thereby improving convenience of distribution line operation.
  • each phase is configured to be provided with a concentric neutral wire for grounding both ends and a concentric neutral wire for one-sided grounding, by equalizing the interval length of the concentric neutral wire for grounding both ends, each phase Maintain the constant line constant, evenly distribute the earth circulating currents in each phase to bring the concentric neutral composite induced voltage close to zero and cancel the circulating current so that the circulating current hardly occurs and the voltage drop in each phase This can prevent the unbalance of the power supply, thereby stably operating the distribution system and supplying high-quality power.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section of a cable having a concentric neutral wire.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram illustrating a conventional power cable distribution system.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 it shows an example of the 22.9kV-Y distribution method for the power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transformer secondary side of the power distribution system is a Y connection, from which three phase wires A, B, and C are drawn and the neutral wire is reactor grounded.
  • A, B, C three merchant wires are composed of a power cable in the form of a concentric neutral wire (20, 24) formed on the outside of the core wire 10, the configuration of this power cable is referred to as a background art with reference to FIG. Is the same as
  • the concentric neutral line 20 on C is depicted as a thicker line compared to the concentric neutral line 24 on A and B.
  • the concentric neutral line 20 on C depicted as a thick line is referred to as a 'first concentric neutral line'
  • the concentric neutral line 24 on A and B is referred to as a 'second concentric neutral line'. .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates that the first concentric neutral line 20 is provided on C and the second concentric neutral line 24 is provided on the other two, this is only one example of the present invention, and A phase Alternatively, the first concentric neutral line 20 may be provided on B and the second concentric neutral line 24 may be provided on the other two surfaces.
  • the power cable is a manhole 30 is installed in the distribution system.
  • the manhole 30 is a location for connecting a power cable embedded in the ground.
  • the section of the power cable is divided by the manhole 30 and other connection points. Each section of such a power cable is approximately 300m.
  • the front ends of the first concentric neutral wire 20 and the second concentric neutral wire 24 are collectively grounded. As shown in the drawing, the front end of the concentric neutral wire of the first section is grounded together with the neutral wire of the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the first concentric neutral line 20 is connected to the rear end of the first section and the front end of the second section through the connection section 22. Similarly, in the next manhole 30, both the front end and the rear end of the first concentric neutral wire 20 are collectively grounded. That is, as shown, the first concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section.
  • the second concentric neutral line 24 is not interconnected with the rear end of the first section and the front end of the second section. As shown, the first concentric neutral line 24 is open at the rear end of each section to form an opening 26. That is, the second concentric neutral wire 24 is one-sided grounded for each section.
  • the power cable distribution system according to the present invention has a feature in that the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 is smaller than that of the first concentric neutral wire 20 in the above-described system structure. This significantly reduces the volume of cables, enabling an economical power cable distribution system.
  • the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire in consideration of unbalanced current, circulating current, and cable ground fixed current is considered.
  • the core wire of each merchant ship has a cross-sectional area of 325 mm 2
  • the concentric neutral wire has a cross-sectional area of 108 mm 2, approximately 1/3 of this cross-sectional area.
  • the influence of the unbalanced current and the circulating current is insignificant, and particularly, the unbalanced current and the circulating current do not occur in the second concentric neutral line 24. Therefore, the second concentric neutral line 24 may determine the cross-sectional area in consideration of only the cable ground fault current.
  • Equation 1 The formula for calculating the cross-sectional area of the neutral wire according to the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) 60949 is shown in Equation 1 below.
  • I is the fault current
  • t is the fault duration
  • K is the conductor-related constant
  • S is the conductor cross-section
  • ⁇ i is the initial operating temperature
  • ⁇ f is the final operating temperature
  • ⁇ is the resistance at 0 ° C. Is the inverse of the temperature coefficient.
  • the maximum ground current current 8515A occurs in the 22.9kV system, it is blocked by the instantaneous element, and the temporary element is operated by back protection of the instantaneous element.
  • Instantaneous element operation time is approximately 0.083 seconds, and time element operation time is 0.5 seconds.
  • the fault can not be sustained for more than 0.5 seconds, the worst case current condition, so I can substitute 8515 and t can assign 0.5.
  • K is 226 and ⁇ is 234.5.
  • ⁇ i and ⁇ f are 90 ° C and 230 ° C for CNCV cables, respectively.
  • the cross-sectional area S obtained therefrom is 44.5 mm 2.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 on both A and B phases is greater than 50 mm2 (safety factor, etc.) corresponding to less than half of the cross-sectional area of the first concentric neutral wire 20 (108 mm2). It can be concluded that the general specification of the cable is preferably 50 mm 2). Therefore, it is possible to save a considerable amount of equivalent amount as compared with the conventional power cable distribution system.
  • the cross-sectional area of the core wire 10 on the two A and B two cross-sectional areas is the C core wire cross-sectional area. It can be designed smaller than.
  • the allowable current of the core conductor is determined by the maximum allowable temperature of the cable.
  • the temperature rise of the cable is determined by the heat generated by the current flowing through the core wire and the sheath wire (such as the concentric neutral wire mentioned in the present invention) and the heat dissipation according to the cable structure and material.
  • the constant current allowance of the core wire 10 can be obtained from Equation 3 below.
  • I p is the constant current
  • wd is the dielectric loss
  • r is the AC conductor thread resistance
  • ⁇ 1 is the conductor and sheath loss ratio
  • T 1 is the thermal resistance between the conductor and the sheath
  • T 3 is the thermal resistance of the cable jacket.
  • T4 is the sum of the other thermal resistances.
  • the sheath loss ratio ⁇ 1 is determined by the following expression (4).
  • W s is the sheath loss and W c is the conductor loss.
  • ⁇ 1 has a value of less than one.
  • phase C when the cross-sectional area of the core wire is 325 mm 2, the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire is 108 mm 2, and the ratio of the circulating current of the concentric neutral wire is 45%, ⁇ 1 is 0.545.
  • ⁇ 1 may be referred to as zero because the circulating current is approximately zero.
  • Equation 3 is 7.656 ° C-m / w
  • wd is 2.144 * 10 -4 w / m
  • r is 7.4839 * 10 -7 ⁇ / m
  • T1 is 42.2 ° C-m / w
  • T3 is 76.5 ° C-m / w
  • T4 is 7.656 ° C-m / w
  • the allowable current is always calculated as 662 A in the core of C phase (when lambda 1 is 0.545), and the allowable current of both cores of A and B (when lambda 1 is 0). Calculated as 726A. That is, the constant allowable current on both A and B phases is about 16.72% higher than the C phases. From these calculations, it can be seen that the core conductor cross-sectional area of both A and B phases can be set to 270 mm 2.
  • the core cross-sectional area of the two phases A and B can be designed smaller than that of the C phase, and a considerable amount of equivalent energy can be saved as compared with the conventional power cable distribution system.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • each component corresponding to the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention and the organic relationship between them is a power cable according to an embodiment of the present invention described in FIG. Since the functions of the respective components corresponding to the power distribution system and the organic relationship therebetween are the same, respective descriptions thereof will be omitted below.
  • a supply line 40 is connected to each merchant line of the transformer secondary side, and a plurality of branch lines 51, 52, and 53 branch from the supply line 40 to the customer side. do.
  • the first branch line 51 has the same system structure as that described above with reference to FIG. That is, a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed on C, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section.
  • the first concentric neutral lines 24 on both A and B phases are grounded one-sided by sections.
  • a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed in B image, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section.
  • the first concentric neutral lines 24 on both A and C sides are grounded one by one.
  • a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed on A, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at each end.
  • the first concentric neutral lines 24 of B and C phases are grounded one by one.
  • the three-phase branch lines 51, 52, and 53 evenly distributes the phase wires of which the concentric neutral wires are grounded at both ends of the A, B, and C phases, thereby maintaining the equilibrium of the line constant within each group. If there are four or more lines diverging from the supply line 40, the line constant may be at least partially balanced by applying the distribution system as shown in FIG. .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • each component corresponding to the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention and the organic relationship therebetween are described in FIG. 3. Since the functions of the respective components corresponding to the cable distribution system and the organic relationship therebetween are the same, each description thereof will be omitted below.
  • the first concentric neutral wire 20 which is depicted as a thick line, is disposed on C at the branch point of the transformer secondary side, and then on B phase. It can be seen that it is dispersed in phase A and phase C again.
  • the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed in the A phase and the B phase, and the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed in the C phase.
  • the openings 26 are formed at the rear end of the concentric neutral wires on the A and B phases, and the connection part 22 is formed at the rear ends of the concentric neutral wires of the C phases.
  • the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on the A phase and the C phase, and the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed on the B phase.
  • the concentric neutral line of the B phase is formed at the rear end.
  • the arrangement and connection of the concentric neutral lines in the third section are the same as in the second section.
  • the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed on A, and the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on B and C.
  • the first concentric neutral line 20 is again disposed on B, and the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on A and C.
  • the first section is 300m
  • the second section is 100m
  • the third section is 100m
  • the fourth section is 300m
  • the fifth section is 100m
  • the first concentric neutral line 20 is A
  • B It can be seen that the C phases are distributed in intervals of 300 m.
  • FIG. 5 merely illustrates one embodiment of the present invention. Substantially, even if the length of the section in which the first concentric neutral lines 20 are arranged for each of the A, B, and C phases is not completely the same, the earth circulation is performed. As the current cancels, the voltage unbalance in each phase can be prevented.
  • the power cable distribution system according to the present invention has a feature in that the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 is smaller than that of the first concentric neutral wire 20 in the above-described system structure. This significantly reduces the volume of cables, enabling an economical power cable distribution system.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a power cable distribution system, which has a coaxial neutral line for each phase line of three phases, and which performs the multiple grounding of the coaxial neutral line. A first coaxial neutral line arranged in any one phase line from among the phase lines is dual-point bonded in every divided and separate section of a power cable. A second coaxial neutral line arranged in the other two phase lines is single-point bonded in every divided and separate section of the power cable, such that one end of the second coaxial neutral line is grounded and the other end of the second coaxial neutral line is open. The cross-sectional area of the second coaxial neutral line is smaller than that of the first coaxial neutral line. According to the power cable distribution system of the present invention, coaxial neutral lines which are single-point bonded are distributed with a small cross-sectional area without the need for considering a circulating current, thus minimizing the amount of copper used for a cable and providing a highly economical power cable distribution system.

Description

경제형 전력케이블 배전 시스템Economic Power Cable Distribution System
본 발명은 동심중선선을 구비한 전력 케이블의 3상 배전 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 경제적인 배전을 가능하게 하는 경제형 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a three-phase power distribution system of a power cable having a concentric midline, and more particularly, to an economic power cable distribution system that enables economic distribution.
일반적으로, 22.9kV-Y 배전 방식은 변전소로부터 배전선로를 통해 공장, 빌딩 등 비교적 큰 규모의 수용가에 직접 전력을 공급하거나, 2차 변압기를 통해 소규모 공장 내지 일반 가정에 전력을 공급한다. 종래의 케이블 배전 시스템에서는 3상을 형성하는 각 상선 및 중성선을 별도로 배전하는 방식이었으나, 최근에는 중성선을 별도로 배선하지 않고 각 상선에 동심인 동심중성선을 다중 접지하여 배전하는 방식을 사용하고 있다.In general, the 22.9kV-Y power distribution system directly supplies power to a relatively large customer, such as a factory or a building, through a distribution line from a substation, or a small factory or a general household through a secondary transformer. In the conventional cable distribution system, each phase wire and neutral wire forming three phases are distributed separately, but recently, a method of distributing concentric neutral wires concentrically with each phase wire and distributing power without separate neutral wires is used.
도 1은 동심중성선을 구비한 케이블의 일반적인 구조를 보여준다. 도 1을 참조하면, 코어를 형성하는 심선(1)의 외부에 내부 반도전층(2)이 피복되고, 내부 반도전층(2)의 둘레로 절연층(3)이 형성된다. 절연층(3)의 둘레로는 외부 반도전층(4)이 형성되고, 그 외부로 동심중성선(5)이 형성된다. 동심중성선(5)의 외부로는 외피(6)가 피복된다.1 shows the general structure of a cable with concentric neutrals. Referring to FIG. 1, the inner semiconducting layer 2 is coated on the outside of the core wire 1 forming the core, and the insulating layer 3 is formed around the inner semiconducting layer 2. An outer semiconducting layer 4 is formed around the insulating layer 3, and a concentric neutral line 5 is formed outside thereof. The outer shell 6 is covered outside of the concentric neutral line 5.
종래 케이블 배전 시스템은 도 1과 같은 케이블을 이용하여 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 케이블의 구간마다 동심중성선(5)을 다중 접지하고 있다. 종래 동심중성선(5)을 다중 접지하는 방식은 다음과 같다. 맨홀(7) 등으로 구획된 동심중선선(5)의 구간별로 동심중성선(5)의 전단부를 일괄 접지하고, 후단부는 다음 구간의 동심중성선(5) 전단부와 함께 일괄 접지한다. 즉, 각 상의 동심중성선(5)은 구간별로 양단 접지된다.In the conventional cable distribution system, as shown in FIG. 2, the concentric neutral line 5 is multiplely grounded by using a cable as shown in FIG. 1. The conventional method of multiple grounding the concentric neutral line (5) is as follows. The front end of the concentric neutral line 5 is collectively grounded for each section of the concentric center line 5 partitioned by the manhole 7 and the like, and the rear end is collectively grounded together with the front end of the concentric neutral line 5 of the next section. That is, the concentric neutral line 5 of each phase is grounded at both ends of each section.
이러한 다중 접지 방식은 동심중성선을 대지에 직접 접지하기 때문에 지락 사고시 건전 상의 전압 상승이 적어 전력 설비의 절연 및 지락 전류의 검출이 용이하고 보호 계전기 등이 신속하게 동작한다.Since the multi-grounding method directly grounds the concentric neutral wire to the ground, there is little voltage rise in the event of a ground fault, so that the insulation of the power equipment and the detection of the ground fault current are easy, and the protective relay operates quickly.
그러나 지중 배전 선로에서 각 상(A, B, C상)의 부하가 정확히 평형을 유지하는 것은 어렵고 또한 대략 평형일 경우라도 도 2에서 점선으로 도시한 바와 같이 동심중성선 간에는 부하 전류에 의해 동심중성선 순환전류가 유기되기 때문에 불필요한 손실 전력이 발생하며, 이러한 손실 전력으로 케이블의 내부 온도가 상승되고 자체 전류 용량이 감소하며 배전 선로 손실이 발생된다. 그리고 부하 전류 측정시 계기에는 배전선의 실제 부하 전류와 동심중성선의 순환 전류의 합성 값이 표시되기 때문에, 순환 전류로 인한 위험성이 따름은 물론 실제 부하가 정확하게 측정되지 못하기 때문에 배전 선로 운영에도 어려움이 있다.However, it is difficult to accurately balance the load of each phase (A, B, C phase) in the underground distribution line, and even in the case of approximately equilibrium, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2, the concentric neutral line is circulated by the load current. Unneeded current results in unnecessary lossy power, which increases the internal temperature of the cable, reduces its current capacity, and leads to distribution line losses. When measuring load current, the instrument displays the combined value of the actual load current of the distribution line and the circulating current of the concentric neutral line, which is not only dangerous due to the circulating current, but also difficult to operate the distribution line because the actual load is not measured accurately. have.
또한, 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 형성하고, 이 동심중성선에서 순환전류를 부담할 수 있을 만큼 적절한 단면적을 가져야 하므로, 동심중성선으로 소요되는 동량이 많아지는 문제점이 있다.In addition, since a concentric neutral line is formed for each phase line and should have an appropriate cross-sectional area to bear a circulating current in the concentric neutral line, there is a problem in that the amount of copper required by the concentric neutral line increases.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 동심중성선의 순환전류 부담에 따른 단면적 증가의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 제안된 것으로서, 3상의 동심중성선 중 어느 한 상의 동심중성선을 양단 접지하고 다른 두 동심중성선은 편단 접지하며, 편단 접지하는 동심중성선의 단면적을 양단 접지하는 동심중성선의 단면적보다 작게 설계하여, 배전 계통의 안전성을 꾀하는 동시에 케이블의 동량을 최소화하여 경제성 높은 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 제공할 수 있는 목적이 있다.The present invention has been proposed to solve the problem of the increase in the cross-sectional area due to the cyclic current load of the concentric neutral wire as described above, the one of the three phase of the concentric neutral wire is grounded at both ends, the other two concentric neutral wire is one-sided, The cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire that is grounded at one end is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire which is grounded at both ends, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide an economical power cable distribution system by minimizing the amount of cables while ensuring safety of the distribution system.
또한, 본 발명은 동심중성선의 불평형 전류 및 순환전류 발생을 방지하기 위해 제안된 것으로서, 3상의 동심중성선 중 어느 한 상의 동심중성선을 양단 접지하고 다른 두 동심중성선은 편단 접지하는 구성을 기본으로 하여, 3조의 분기라인마다 동심중성선을 구간별로 양단 접지하는 상선을 균등하게 배포하여 불평형 전류 및 순환전류 발생을 방지함은 물론 선로정수를 평형하게 유지하고 배전 계통의 안전성을 꾀하는 동시에 케이블의 동량을 최소화하여 경제성 높은 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 제공할 수 있는 다른 목적이 있다.In addition, the present invention is proposed to prevent the unbalanced current and the circulating current generation of the concentric neutral wire, the ground of the concentric neutral wire of any one phase of the three phase concentric neutral wire, and the other two concentric neutral wire is based on the configuration of one-sided grounding, Distribute the phase wires that ground both ends of the concentric neutral wires in each section of the triangular lines equally to prevent unbalanced currents and circulating currents, as well as to maintain the line constants and to ensure the safety of the distribution system, while minimizing the amount of cables. Another purpose is to provide an economical power cable distribution system.
본 발명은 양단 접지하는 동심중성선을 A, B, C 3상의 각 상마다 균등한 구간 길이로 배치하여 각 상의 선로정수를 평형하게 유지하고 대지 순환전류를 각 상마다 고르게 분포시켜 서로 상쇄시킴으로써 배전 계통을 안정되게 하고 양질의 전력을 공급할 수 있음은 물론 케이블의 동량을 최소화하여 경제성 높은 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 제공할 수 있는 또 다른 목적이 있다.The present invention distributes concentric neutral wires that are grounded at both ends with equal section lengths for each of the three phases of A, B, and C to maintain the line constants of each phase and evenly distribute the earth circulation currents for each phase to offset each other. In addition to providing a stable power supply and high-quality power, there is another purpose to provide an economical power cable distribution system by minimizing the cable amount.
본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, 3상의 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하며, 동심중성선을 다중 접지하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서, 각 상선 중 어느 하나의 상선에 구비된 제1동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 양단 접지되고, 다른 두 상선에 구비된 제2동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되며, 상기 제2동심중성선은 상기 제1동심중성선에 비해 작은 단면적을 갖는 것을 포함한다.In the power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a power cable distribution system having a concentric neutral line for each phase line of three phases and multiple grounding of the concentric neutral wire, the first cable provided in any one phase line of each phase line The concentric neutral line is disconnected and grounded at both ends of each section, and the second concentric neutral line provided in the other two merchant ships is disconnected and grounded at one end so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened, and the second concentric neutral line is It has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral line.
또한, 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, A, B, C 3상의 전력케이블을 배전하며, 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서, A, B, C 3상의 전력라인을 공급하는 공급라인에서 분기되는 3조의 분기라인은 각각, A상, B상, C상에 구비된 제1동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 양단 접지되고, 다른 두 상에 구비된 제2동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되는 것을 포함한다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, in the power cable distribution system for distributing power cables of A, B, C three phases, each having a concentric neutral wire for each merchant line, A, B, C 3 The three sets of branch lines branched from the supply line for supplying the power lines of the phases are respectively grounded at both ends of the first concentric neutral lines provided in phases A, B, and C, and are separated from each other. The second concentric neutral wire is disconnected and includes one end grounded so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, A, B, C 3상의 전력케이블을 배전하며, 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서, 동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 구간마다 양단 접지되는 제1동심중성선과, 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되는 제2동심중성선으로 구분되며, A, B, C 3상의 상선마다 제1동심중성선이 분산되어 배치되고, 제1동심중성선이 배치되지 않은 구간에는 제2동심중성선이 배치되는 것을 포함한다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the power cable distribution system for distributing the power cables of A, B, C three phases, each of which has a concentric neutral wire, the concentric neutral wire is disconnected It is divided into a first concentric neutral wire which is grounded at both ends and a second concentric neutral wire which is grounded at one end and the other end is grounded so that the other end is opened, and the first concentric neutral wire is distributed in each phase of A, B, and C three phases. The second concentric neutral line may be disposed in a section in which the first concentric neutral line is not disposed.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, 제2동심중성선은 케이블 지락 고장전류를 고려하여 결정된 단면적을 갖는 것을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the second concentric neutral line may include having a cross-sectional area determined in consideration of the cable ground fault current.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, 제2동심중성선은 제1동심중성선에 비해 절반 이하의 단면적을 갖는 것을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the second concentric neutral line may include a cross-sectional area of less than half of the first concentric neutral line.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, 제1동심중성선을 구비한 상선의 심선에 비해 제2동심중성선을 구비한 상선의 심선이 작은 단면적을 갖는 것을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention may include that the core wire of the merchant ship having the second concentric neutral wire has a smaller cross-sectional area compared to the core wire of the merchant ship having the first concentric neutral wire.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, 제2동심중성선은 제1동심중성선에 비해 작은 단면적을 갖는 것을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the second concentric neutral line may include a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral line.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은, A, B, C 3상의 상선은 제1동심중성선이 배치되는 구간의 길이가 고르게 분산되는 것을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the phase line A, B, C three phase may include that the length of the section in which the first concentric neutral wire is disposed evenly distributed.
본 발명의 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 따르면, 3상의 동심중성선 중 어느 한 상의 동싱중성선에 대해서만 구간별로 양단 접지하고 다른 두 상의 동심중성선에 대해서는 구간별로 편단 접지하며, 편단 접지하는 동심중성선들은 순환전류를 고려할 필요 없이 작은 단면적으로 배전함으로써, 폐루프에 의해 발생되는 순환전류를 대폭 경감하여 배전 계통의 안정성을 높이고 케이블의 동량 사용을 최소화하여 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.According to the power cable distribution system of the present invention, both ends of the three-phase concentric neutrals are grounded on both ends only for one phase of the synchronous neutral line, and the other two phases of the concentric neutrals, one-sided grounded, and the one-sided grounded concentric neutrals may consider the circulating current. By distributing a small cross-section without need, it is possible to greatly reduce the circulating current generated by the closed loop to increase the stability of the distribution system and to minimize the use of the same amount of cable, thereby improving economic efficiency.
또한, 본 발명의 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 따르면, 배전 계통의 공급라인에서 분기되는 3조의 분기라인마다 어느 한 상의 동심중성선에 대해서만 구간별로 양단 접지하고 다른 두 상의 동심중성선에 대해서는 구간별로 편단 접지하되, 양단 접지하는 동심중성선을 각 조의 분기라인별로 균등하게 분포시킴으로써, 동심중성선에서의 불평형 전류 및 순환전류를 방지하여 선로정수를 평형되게 하여 배전선로 운영의 편의성을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the power cable distribution system of the present invention, for each of the three sets of branch lines branched from the supply line of the power distribution system, both ends grounded only for one concentric neutral line, and one side grounded for the other two phases concentric neutral line, By uniformly distributing the concentric neutral wires grounded at both ends, the unbalanced current and the circulating current in the concentric neutral wires can be prevented to balance the line constants, thereby improving convenience of distribution line operation.
또한, 본 발명의 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 따르면, 각 상마다 양단 접지하는 동심중성선과 편단 접지하는 동심중성선이 함께 구비되도록 구성하되, 양단 접지하는 동심중성선의 구간 길이를 각 상마다 고르게 함으로써, 각 상의 선로정수를 평형하게 유지하고, 각 상에서의 대지 순환전류를 고르게 분포시켜 동심중성선 합성 유기전압을 0(zero)에 근접시키고 순환전류를 상쇄시켜 순환전류가 거의 발생하지 않도록 하며, 각 상에서의 전압강하의 불평형을 방지할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 배전 계통을 안정되게 운영하며 양질의 전력을 공급할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the power cable distribution system of the present invention, each phase is configured to be provided with a concentric neutral wire for grounding both ends and a concentric neutral wire for one-sided grounding, by equalizing the interval length of the concentric neutral wire for grounding both ends, each phase Maintain the constant line constant, evenly distribute the earth circulating currents in each phase to bring the concentric neutral composite induced voltage close to zero and cancel the circulating current so that the circulating current hardly occurs and the voltage drop in each phase This can prevent the unbalance of the power supply, thereby stably operating the distribution system and supplying high-quality power.
도 1은 동심중성선을 구비한 케이블의 단면을 예시한 단면도이다.1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section of a cable having a concentric neutral wire.
도 2는 종래 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.2 is a system diagram illustrating a conventional power cable distribution system.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명은 다양한 변경을 가할 수 있고 여러 가지 실시예를 가질 수 있는 바, 특정 실시예들을 도면에 예시하고 상세한 설명에 상세하게 설명하고자 한다. 그러나, 이는 본 발명을 특정한 실시 형태에 대해 한정하려는 것이 아니며, 본 발명의 사상 및 기술 범위에 포함되는 모든 변경, 균등물 내지 대체물을 포함하는 것으로 이해되어야 한다.As the invention allows for various changes and numerous embodiments, particular embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the written description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.
이하 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하되, 도면 부호에 관계없이 동일하거나 대응하는 구성요소는 동일한 참조 번호를 부여하고 이에 대한 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same or corresponding components will be given the same reference numerals regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3을 살펴보면, 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 대한 22.9kV-Y 배전 방식의 예를 보여준다. 도 3의 예시에서 배전 계통의 변압기 2차측은 Y 결선이며, 이 Y 결선으로부터 A, B, C 3개의 상선이 인출되고 중성선은 리액터 접지된다. A, B, C 3개의 상선은 심선(10)의 외부에 동심중성선(20, 24)이 형성된 형태의 전력케이블로 구성되며, 이러한 전력케이블의 구성은 도 1을 참조하여 배경기술로서 언급된 구성과 동일하다.Referring to Figure 3, it shows an example of the 22.9kV-Y distribution method for the power cable distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 3, the transformer secondary side of the power distribution system is a Y connection, from which three phase wires A, B, and C are drawn and the neutral wire is reactor grounded. A, B, C three merchant wires are composed of a power cable in the form of a concentric neutral wire (20, 24) formed on the outside of the core wire 10, the configuration of this power cable is referred to as a background art with reference to FIG. Is the same as
도 3의 예시에서, C 상의 동심중성선(20)은 A, B 상의 동심중성선(24)에 비해 굵은 선으로 묘사되어 있다. 이하에서 설명되는 예시에서 굵은 선으로 묘사된 C 상의 동심중성선(20)은 '제1동심중성선'이라 언급하며, A, B 상의 동심중성선(24)은 '제2동심중성선'이라 언급하기로 한다.In the example of FIG. 3, the concentric neutral line 20 on C is depicted as a thicker line compared to the concentric neutral line 24 on A and B. In the example described below, the concentric neutral line 20 on C depicted as a thick line is referred to as a 'first concentric neutral line', and the concentric neutral line 24 on A and B is referred to as a 'second concentric neutral line'. .
한편, 도 3에서는 C 상에 제1동심중성선(20)이 구비되고 다른 두 상에 제2동심중성선(24)이 구비된 것을 예시하였지만, 이는 단지 본 발명에 대한 하나의 예시일 뿐이며, A 상 또는 B 상에 제1동심중성선(20)이 구비되고 다른 두 상에 제2동심중성선(24)이 구비되도록 실시될 수도 있다.Meanwhile, although FIG. 3 illustrates that the first concentric neutral line 20 is provided on C and the second concentric neutral line 24 is provided on the other two, this is only one example of the present invention, and A phase Alternatively, the first concentric neutral line 20 may be provided on B and the second concentric neutral line 24 may be provided on the other two surfaces.
도 3을 참조하면, 전력케이블은 배전 계통에는 맨홀(30)이 설치된다. 맨홀(30)은 지중으로 매설된 전력케이블을 접속하는 개소이다. 맨홀(30)이나 다른 접속 개소에 의해 전력케이블의 구간이 나눠진다. 이와 같은 전력케이블의 각 구간은 대략 300m이다.Referring to Figure 3, the power cable is a manhole 30 is installed in the distribution system. The manhole 30 is a location for connecting a power cable embedded in the ground. The section of the power cable is divided by the manhole 30 and other connection points. Each section of such a power cable is approximately 300m.
전력케이블의 각 구간별로 제1동심중성선(20)과 제2동심중성선(24)의 전단은 일괄 접지된다. 그리고 도시한 바와 같이 첫 번째 구간의 동심중성선 전단은 변압기 2차측의 중성선과 함께 접지된다.For each section of the power cable, the front ends of the first concentric neutral wire 20 and the second concentric neutral wire 24 are collectively grounded. As shown in the drawing, the front end of the concentric neutral wire of the first section is grounded together with the neutral wire of the secondary side of the transformer.
첫 번째 접속개소인 맨홀(30)에서, 제1동심중성선(20)은 첫 번째 구간의 후단과 두 번째 구간의 전단이 접속부(22)를 매개로 접속된다. 이와 마찬가지로, 다음 번의 맨홀(30)에서도 제1동심중성선(20)의 전단과 후단은 모두 일괄 접지된다. 즉, 도시한 바와 같이, 제1동심중성선(20)은 구간별로 양단 접지된다.In the manhole 30, which is the first connection point, the first concentric neutral line 20 is connected to the rear end of the first section and the front end of the second section through the connection section 22. Similarly, in the next manhole 30, both the front end and the rear end of the first concentric neutral wire 20 are collectively grounded. That is, as shown, the first concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section.
첫 번째 맨홀(30)에서, 제2동심중성선(24)은 첫 번째 구간의 후단과 두 번째 구간의 전단이 상호 접속되지 않는다. 도시한 바와 같이, 제1동심중성선(24)은 각 구간마다 후단이 개방되어 개방부(26)를 형성한다. 즉, 제2동심중성선(24)은 구간별로 편단 접지된다.In the first manhole 30, the second concentric neutral line 24 is not interconnected with the rear end of the first section and the front end of the second section. As shown, the first concentric neutral line 24 is open at the rear end of each section to form an opening 26. That is, the second concentric neutral wire 24 is one-sided grounded for each section.
본 발명에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은 전술한 계통 구조에서, 제1동심중성선(20)에 비해 제2동심중성선(24)의 단면적이 작은 특징을 갖는다. 이를 통해 케이블의 동량을 대폭 줄여 경제성 높은 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 가능하게 한다.The power cable distribution system according to the present invention has a feature in that the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 is smaller than that of the first concentric neutral wire 20 in the above-described system structure. This significantly reduces the volume of cables, enabling an economical power cable distribution system.
일반적으로, 22.9kV-Y 배전에서 종래와 같은 도 2의 배전 계통에서는, 즉, 동심중성선을 일괄하여 양단 접지하는 시스템에서는 불평형 전류, 순환전류, 및 케이블 지락 고정전류 등을 고려하여 동심중성선의 단면적을 결정한다. 예를 들어, 각 상선의 심선은 325㎟의 단면적을 가지며, 동심중성선은 이 단면적의 대략 1/3배인 108㎟의 단면적을 갖는다.In general, in the power distribution system of FIG. 2 as in the conventional 22.9 kV-Y distribution, that is, in a system in which both ends of the concentric neutral wire are collectively grounded, the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire in consideration of unbalanced current, circulating current, and cable ground fixed current is considered. Determine. For example, the core wire of each merchant ship has a cross-sectional area of 325 mm 2, and the concentric neutral wire has a cross-sectional area of 108 mm 2, approximately 1/3 of this cross-sectional area.
그런데, 본 발명에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에서는, 불평형 전류 및 순환전류의 영향이 미미하며, 특히 제2동심중성선(24)에서는 이러한 불평형 전류 및 순환전류가 발생하지 않는다. 따라서, 제2동심중성선(24)은 케이블 지락 고장전류만을 고려하여 단면적을 결정할 수 있다.However, in the power cable distribution system according to the present invention, the influence of the unbalanced current and the circulating current is insignificant, and particularly, the unbalanced current and the circulating current do not occur in the second concentric neutral line 24. Therefore, the second concentric neutral line 24 may determine the cross-sectional area in consideration of only the cable ground fault current.
IEC(International Electro-technical Commission) 60949에 의한 중성선 단면적을 구하는 공식은 다음의 수식1과 같다.The formula for calculating the cross-sectional area of the neutral wire according to the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) 60949 is shown in Equation 1 below.
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000001
---------- (수식1)
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000001
---------- (Equation 1)
여기서, I는 고장전류이고, t는 고장지속시간이고, K는 도체관련 상수이고, S는 도체 단면적이고, θi는 초기 운전 온도이고, θf는 최종 운전 온도이고, β는 0℃에서 저항의 온도계수의 역수이다.Where I is the fault current, t is the fault duration, K is the conductor-related constant, S is the conductor cross-section, θ i is the initial operating temperature, θ f is the final operating temperature, and β is the resistance at 0 ° C. Is the inverse of the temperature coefficient.
예를 들어, 22.9kV 계통에서 최대 지락전류전류인 8515A가 발생할 경우 순시요소에 의해 차단되며, 순시요소의 후비보호로 한시요소가 동작하게 된다. 순시요소 동작시간은 대략 0.083초이며, 한시요소 동작시간은 0.5초이다. 어떠한 경우에도 고장전류 최악 통전조건인 0.5초 이상 고장이 지속될 수 없으므로, 위 수식에서 I는 8515를 대입할 수 있고, t는 0.5를 대입할 수 있다.For example, when the maximum ground current current 8515A occurs in the 22.9kV system, it is blocked by the instantaneous element, and the temporary element is operated by back protection of the instantaneous element. Instantaneous element operation time is approximately 0.083 seconds, and time element operation time is 0.5 seconds. In any case, the fault can not be sustained for more than 0.5 seconds, the worst case current condition, so I can substitute 8515 and t can assign 0.5.
그리고, IEC 60949에서 구리의 경우 K는 226이며, β는 234.5이다. θi와 θf는 각각 CNCV 케이블에서 90℃ 및 230℃이다.In IEC 60949, for copper, K is 226 and β is 234.5. θ i and θ f are 90 ° C and 230 ° C for CNCV cables, respectively.
이 값들을 위 수식에 대입하여 보면 다음과 같은 수식2를 얻을 수 있다.Substituting these values into the above formula gives Equation 2 below.
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000002
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000002
이로부터 구해지는 단면적 S는 44.5㎟이다.The cross-sectional area S obtained therefrom is 44.5 mm 2.
즉, 본 발명에서는 A, B 두 상의 제2동심중성선(24) 단면적을 제1동심중성선(20) 단면적(108㎟)의 절반 이하에 해당하는 50㎟(안전율 등을 고려하여 44.5㎟ 보다 큰 CNCV 케이블의 일반적인 규격 50㎟로 선택하는 것이 바람직함)로 선택해도 충분하다는 결론에 도달할 수 있다. 따라서, 종래 전력케이블 배전 시스템과 비교하여 상당한 만큼의 동량을 절감할 수 있다.That is, in the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 on both A and B phases is greater than 50 mm2 (safety factor, etc.) corresponding to less than half of the cross-sectional area of the first concentric neutral wire 20 (108 mm2). It can be concluded that the general specification of the cable is preferably 50 mm 2). Therefore, it is possible to save a considerable amount of equivalent amount as compared with the conventional power cable distribution system.
나아가서, 본 발명의 전력케이블 배전 시스템에서는 동심중성선이 편단 접지되는 A, B 두 상에서 제2동심중성선(24)의 순환전류가 발생하지 않으므로 A, B 두 상의 심선(10) 단면적을 C 상의 심선 단면적에 비해 작게 설계할 수 있다.Furthermore, in the power cable distribution system of the present invention, since the circulating current of the second concentric neutral wire 24 does not occur on both A and B in which the concentric neutral wire is single-grounded, the cross-sectional area of the core wire 10 on the two A and B two cross-sectional areas is the C core wire cross-sectional area. It can be designed smaller than.
일반적으로, 심선 도체의 허용전류는 케이블의 최고 허용온도에 따라 결정된다. 케이블의 온도 상승은 심선과 시스선(본 발명에서 언급되는 동심중성선과 같은)에 흐르는 전류에 의한 발열과 케이블 구조 및 재질에 따른 방열에 의해 정해진다. 통상의 22.9kV CNCV 케이블 배전 시스템에서 심선(10)의 상시 허용전류는 다음의 수식3으로부터 얻을 수 있다.In general, the allowable current of the core conductor is determined by the maximum allowable temperature of the cable. The temperature rise of the cable is determined by the heat generated by the current flowing through the core wire and the sheath wire (such as the concentric neutral wire mentioned in the present invention) and the heat dissipation according to the cable structure and material. In the conventional 22.9 kV CNCV cable distribution system, the constant current allowance of the core wire 10 can be obtained from Equation 3 below.
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000003
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000003
여기서, Ip는 상시 허용전류이고, wd는 유전체 손실이고, r은 교류 도체 실요저항이고, λ1은 도체손실과 시스손실비이고, T1은 도체와 시스간의 열저항이고, T3는 케이블 외피의 열저항이고, T4는 기타 열저항의 합이다.Where I p is the constant current, wd is the dielectric loss, r is the AC conductor thread resistance, λ 1 is the conductor and sheath loss ratio, T 1 is the thermal resistance between the conductor and the sheath, and T 3 is the thermal resistance of the cable jacket. And T4 is the sum of the other thermal resistances.
그런데, 도 3의 계통에서는 C 상의 심선(제1동심중성선의 심선)과 A, B 상의 심선(제2동심중성선의 심선)을 대비하였을 때, 위 수식 중에서 다른 조건들은 유사한 반면 도체손실과 시스손실비인 λ1에서 차이를 보인다.However, in the system of FIG. 3, when the core wires on C (core wires of the first concentric neutral wire) and the core wires on A and B (core wires of the second concentric neutral wires) are compared, the conductor loss and sheath loss ratio are similar while the other conditions are similar. At λ1.
시스손실비 λ1은 다음의 수식4에 의해 결정된다.The sheath loss ratio λ1 is determined by the following expression (4).
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000004
Figure PCTKR2012007633-appb-I000004
여기서, Ws는 시스손실이고, Wc는 도체손실이다.Where W s is the sheath loss and W c is the conductor loss.
통상 동심중성선에 비하여 심선의 단면적이 크므로, 시스손실에 비하여 도체손실의 값이 크다. 따라서, λ1은 1 미만의 값을 갖는다.Since the cross-sectional area of the core wire is usually larger than that of the concentric neutral wire, the value of the conductor loss is larger than that of the sheath loss. Thus, λ 1 has a value of less than one.
예를 들어, 도 3의 실시예에서 C 상의 경우는 심선의 단면적이 325㎟이고, 동심중성선의 단면적이 108㎟이고, 동심중성선의 순환전류 비율이 45%라고 가정했을 때, λ1은 0.545이다. 그런데, A, B 두 상의 경우는 순환전류가 거의 0(zero)에 근사하므로 λ1은 0(zero)이라 할 수 있다.For example, in the example of FIG. 3, in the case of phase C, when the cross-sectional area of the core wire is 325 mm 2, the cross-sectional area of the concentric neutral wire is 108 mm 2, and the ratio of the circulating current of the concentric neutral wire is 45%, λ 1 is 0.545. However, in the case of two phases A and B, λ1 may be referred to as zero because the circulating current is approximately zero.
따라서, 다른 모든 조건이 동일하다는 가정 하에서 위와 같은 λ1의 값을 수식에 대입하였을 때, C 상의 심선에서의 상시 허용전류가 분모 값이 증가하므로, C 상의 심선에 비하여 A, B 두 상에서의 상시 허용전류가 더 높음을 알 수 있다.Therefore, when the above values of λ1 are substituted in the equation under the assumption that all other conditions are the same, the denominator value of the constant current in the core of C phase increases, so that it is always allowed on both A and B phases compared to the core of C phase. It can be seen that the current is higher.
보다 구체적으로 수식3에 위 조건 하에서 실제에 근사한 수치를 대입하여 보자. 예컨대, wd는 2.144*10-4 w/m, r은 7.4839*10-7 Ω/m, T1은 42.2 ℃-m/w, T3은 76.5 ℃-m/w, T4는 7.656 ℃-m/w라고 가정해 보자.More specifically, let's substitute Equation 3 into the approximate numerical value under the above conditions. For example, wd is 2.144 * 10 -4 w / m, r is 7.4839 * 10 -7 Ω / m, T1 is 42.2 ° C-m / w, T3 is 76.5 ° C-m / w, T4 is 7.656 ° C-m / w Let's say
이 수치들을 수식3에 대입하여 보면, C 상의 심선에서는(λ1이 0.545일 때) 상시 허용전류가 662 A로 계산되며, A, B 두 상의 심선에서는(λ1이 0일 때) 각각 상시 허용전류가 726A로 계산된다. 즉, A, B 두 상에서의 상시 허용전류는 C 상에 비해 16.72% 가량 높게 나타난다. 이러한 계산식으로부터 A, B 두 상의 심선 도체 단면적을 270㎟로 설치할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.Substituting these values into Equation 3, the allowable current is always calculated as 662 A in the core of C phase (when lambda 1 is 0.545), and the allowable current of both cores of A and B (when lambda 1 is 0). Calculated as 726A. That is, the constant allowable current on both A and B phases is about 16.72% higher than the C phases. From these calculations, it can be seen that the core conductor cross-sectional area of both A and B phases can be set to 270 mm 2.
결론적으로 본 발명의 실시예에서는 C 상에 비해 A, B 두 상의 심선 단면적을 작게 설계할 수 있으며, 종래 전력케이블 배전 시스템과 비교하여 상당한 만큼의 동량을 절감할 수 있다.In conclusion, in the embodiment of the present invention, the core cross-sectional area of the two phases A and B can be designed smaller than that of the C phase, and a considerable amount of equivalent energy can be saved as compared with the conventional power cable distribution system.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 4를 살펴보면, 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 해당하는 각각의 구성요소들에 대한 기능 및 그것들 간의 유기적인 관계는 도 3에 설명된 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 해당하는 각각의 구성요소들에 대한 기능 및 그것들 간의 유기적인 관계와 동일하므로, 이것에 대한 각각의 부연설명들은 이하 생략하기로 한다.Referring to Figure 4, the function of each component corresponding to the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention and the organic relationship between them is a power cable according to an embodiment of the present invention described in FIG. Since the functions of the respective components corresponding to the power distribution system and the organic relationship therebetween are the same, respective descriptions thereof will be omitted below.
도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 일반적인 배전 계통에서는 변압기 2차측의 각 상선에 공급라인(40)이 연결되고, 이 공급라인(40)에서 수용가측으로 복수의 분기라인(51, 52, 53)이 분기된다.As shown in FIG. 4, in a general distribution system, a supply line 40 is connected to each merchant line of the transformer secondary side, and a plurality of branch lines 51, 52, and 53 branch from the supply line 40 to the customer side. do.
도 4의 예시에서와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은 3조의 분기라인(51, 52, 53)이 하나의 그룹을 형성한다. 제1분기라인(51)은 앞서 도3을 참조하여 설명한 구성과 동일한 계통 구조를 갖는다. 즉, C 상에 제2동심중성선(20)이 형성되고, 이 제2동심중성선(20)은 구간별로 양단 접지된다. A, B 두 상의 제1동심중성선(24)은 구간별로 편단 접지된다. 제2분기라인(52)은 이와 달리 B 상상에 제2동심중성선(20)이 형성되고, 이 제2동심중성선(20)은 구간별로 양단 접지된다. A, C 두 상의 제1동심중성선(24)은 구간별로 편단 접지된다. 제3분기라인(53)은 A상에 제2동심중성선(20)이 형성되고, 이 제2동심중성선(20)은 구간별로 양단 접지된다. B, C 두 상의 제1동심중성선(24)은 구간별로 편단 접지된다.As in the example of FIG. 4, in the power cable distribution system according to the present invention, three sets of branch lines 51, 52, and 53 form a group. The first branch line 51 has the same system structure as that described above with reference to FIG. That is, a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed on C, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section. The first concentric neutral lines 24 on both A and B phases are grounded one-sided by sections. Unlike the second branch line 52, a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed in B image, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at both ends of each section. The first concentric neutral lines 24 on both A and C sides are grounded one by one. In the third branch line 53, a second concentric neutral line 20 is formed on A, and the second concentric neutral line 20 is grounded at each end. The first concentric neutral lines 24 of B and C phases are grounded one by one.
이와 같이 3조의 분기라인(51, 52, 53)에서 동심중성선이 양단 접지되는 상선을 각각 A, B, C 상으로 고르게 분포시킴에 따라, 각 그룹 내에서는 선로정수의 평형이 유지된다. 만약, 공급라인(40)에서 분기되는 라인이 4개 또는 그 이상이라면, 이 중 3조씩의 분기라인에 대해서 도 4와 같은 배전 계통을 적용시킴으로써 적어도 부분적으로는 선로정수의 평형을 유지할 수 있을 것이다.In this way, the three- phase branch lines 51, 52, and 53 evenly distributes the phase wires of which the concentric neutral wires are grounded at both ends of the A, B, and C phases, thereby maintaining the equilibrium of the line constant within each group. If there are four or more lines diverging from the supply line 40, the line constant may be at least partially balanced by applying the distribution system as shown in FIG. .
도 5는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 예시한 계통도이다.5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 5를 살펴보면, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 해당하는 각각의 구성요소들에 대한 기능 및 그것들 간의 유기적인 관계는 도 3에 설명된 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 해당하는 각각의 구성요소들에 대한 기능 및 그것들 간의 유기적인 관계와 동일하므로, 이것에 대한 각각의 부연설명들은 이하 생략하기로 한다.Referring to FIG. 5, the function of each component corresponding to the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention and the organic relationship therebetween are described in FIG. 3. Since the functions of the respective components corresponding to the cable distribution system and the organic relationship therebetween are the same, each description thereof will be omitted below.
도 5에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템에서는 굵은 선으로 묘사된 제1동심중성선(20)이 변압기 2차측의 분기점에서는 C 상에 배치되고, 이후 B상, A상, 다시 C상으로 분산되는 것을 볼 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 5, in the power cable distribution system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first concentric neutral wire 20, which is depicted as a thick line, is disposed on C at the branch point of the transformer secondary side, and then on B phase. It can be seen that it is dispersed in phase A and phase C again.
도 5의 예시에서, 변압기 2차측에서 첫 번째 맨홀(30)까지의 제1구간에서는 A상과 B상에는 제2동심중성선(24)이 배치되고, C상에는 제1동심중성선(20)이 배치된다. 즉, 첫 번째 맨홀(30)에서 A, B상의 동심중성선은 후단에 개방부(26)가 형성되고 C상의 동심중성선은 후단에 접속부(22)가 형성된다.In the example of FIG. 5, in the first section from the transformer secondary side to the first manhole 30, the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed in the A phase and the B phase, and the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed in the C phase. . That is, in the first manhole 30, the openings 26 are formed at the rear end of the concentric neutral wires on the A and B phases, and the connection part 22 is formed at the rear ends of the concentric neutral wires of the C phases.
다음의 제2구간에서는 A상과 C상에 제2동심중성선(24)이 배치되고, B상에는 제1동심중성선(20)이 배치된다. 도시한 바와 같이 제2구간의 후단에서는 B상의 동심중성선만 후단에 접속부(22)가 형성된다. 그리고 제3구간에서의 동심중성선의 배치와 접속은 제2구간에서와 동일하다.In the following second section, the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on the A phase and the C phase, and the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed on the B phase. As shown in the drawing, at the rear end of the second section, only the concentric neutral line of the B phase is formed at the rear end. The arrangement and connection of the concentric neutral lines in the third section are the same as in the second section.
제4구간에서의 동심중성선 배치는 A상에 제1동심중성선(20)이 배치되고, B, C상에는 제2동심중성선(24)이 배치된다. 제5구간에서는 다시 B상에 제1동심중성선(20)이 배치되고, A, C상에는 제2동심중성선(24)이 배치된다.In the arrangement of the concentric neutral line in the fourth section, the first concentric neutral line 20 is disposed on A, and the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on B and C. In the fifth section, the first concentric neutral line 20 is again disposed on B, and the second concentric neutral line 24 is disposed on A and C. FIG.
여기서, 도시된 바와 같이 제1구간이 300m, 제2구간이 100m, 제3구간이 100m, 제4구간이 300m, 제5구간이 100m라고 가정한다면, 제1동심중성선(20)이 A, B, C상마다 300m의 구간으로 분산되어 배치된 것을 알 수 있다.Here, as shown, if the first section is 300m, the second section is 100m, the third section is 100m, the fourth section is 300m, the fifth section is 100m, the first concentric neutral line 20 is A, B It can be seen that the C phases are distributed in intervals of 300 m.
이와 같이, A, B, C 3상의 상선 각각에서 제1동심중성선(20)이 배치되는 구간의 길이가 고르게 분산되면, 도시한 바와 같이 제1동심중성선(양단 접지된)에 의해 발생되는 대지 순환전류가 각 상별로 고르게 분포된다. 따라서 각 상에서의 선로정수를 동일하게 할 수 있음은 물론, 전체 상의 동심중성선 합성 유기전압을 0(zero)에 근접시킬 수 있다. 또한, 대지 순환전류는 전체적으로 상쇄되며, 각 상에서의 전압강하가 불평형되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.As such, when the lengths of the sections in which the first concentric neutral lines 20 are arranged in each of the three upper phase ships A, B, and C are evenly distributed, the earth circulation generated by the first concentric neutral wires (grounded at both ends) as shown in FIG. The current is evenly distributed for each phase. Therefore, the line constants in each phase can be made the same, and the concentric neutral synthesized induced voltage of the entire phase can be approached to zero. In addition, the ground circulating current is canceled entirely, and it is possible to prevent the voltage drop on each phase from being unbalanced.
한편, 도 5의 예시는 단지 본 발명의 일실시예를 예시한 것을 뿐이며, 실질적으로는 제1동심중성선(20)이 A, B, C상마다 배치되는 구간의 길이가 완전히 동일하지 않아도 대지 순환전류의 상쇄에 따라 각 상에서의 전압강하 불평형을 방지할 수 있다.Meanwhile, the example of FIG. 5 merely illustrates one embodiment of the present invention. Substantially, even if the length of the section in which the first concentric neutral lines 20 are arranged for each of the A, B, and C phases is not completely the same, the earth circulation is performed. As the current cancels, the voltage unbalance in each phase can be prevented.
본 발명에 따른 전력케이블 배전 시스템은 전술한 계통 구조에서, 제1동심중성선(20)에 비해 제2동심중성선(24)의 단면적이 작은 특징을 갖는다. 이를 통해 케이블의 동량을 대폭 줄여 경제성 높은 전력케이블 배전 시스템을 가능하게 한다.The power cable distribution system according to the present invention has a feature in that the cross-sectional area of the second concentric neutral wire 24 is smaller than that of the first concentric neutral wire 20 in the above-described system structure. This significantly reduces the volume of cables, enabling an economical power cable distribution system.
본 발명은 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하다는 것이, 본 발명의 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is common knowledge in the technical field of the present invention that various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those who have

Claims (8)

  1. 3상의 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하며, 동심중성선을 다중 접지하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서,In a power cable distribution system having concentric neutral wires for each three phases of three phases and multiple grounding concentric neutral wires,
    상기 각 상선 중 어느 하나의 상선에 구비된 제1동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 양단 접지되고,The first concentric neutral wire provided in one of the merchant ships is disconnected and grounded at both ends of each section,
    다른 두 상선에 구비된 제2동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되며,The second concentric neutral wire provided in the other two merchant ships is disconnected and grounded at one end so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened in each section.
    상기 제2동심중성선은 상기 제1동심중성선에 비해 작은 단면적을 갖는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.And the second concentric neutral wire has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral wire.
  2. A, B, C 3상의 전력케이블을 배전하며, 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서,In a power cable distribution system for distributing power cables of A, B, C three phases and having concentric neutral wires for each merchant ship,
    A, B, C 3상의 전력라인을 공급하는 공급라인에서 분기되는 3조의 분기라인은 각각, A상, B상, C상에 구비된 제1동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 양단 접지되고, 다른 두 상에 구비된 제2동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 각 구간마다 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The three sets of branch lines branched from the supply lines for supplying the power lines of A, B, and C three phases are grounded at both ends of the first concentric neutral lines provided in phases A, B, and C, respectively. , The second concentric neutral wire provided on the other two phases are disconnected and separated in each section, one end is grounded and the other end is grounded at one end so that the other end is open.
  3. A, B, C 3상의 전력케이블을 배전하며, 각 상선별로 동심중성선을 구비하는 전력케이블 배전 시스템에 있어서,In a power cable distribution system for distributing power cables of A, B, C three phases and having concentric neutral wires for each merchant ship,
    상기 동심중성선은 단절되어 구분되는 구간마다 양단 접지되는 제1동심중성선과, 일단은 접지되고 타단은 개방되도록 편단 접지되는 제2동심중성선으로 구분되며,The concentric neutral line is divided into a first concentric neutral wire which is grounded at both ends by a section separated and separated, and a second concentric neutral wire which is grounded at one end so that one end is grounded and the other end is opened.
    상기 A, B, C 3상의 상선마다 상기 제1동심중성선이 분산되어 배치되고, 제1동심중성선이 배치되지 않은 구간에는 제2동심중성선이 배치되는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The power cable distribution system in which the first concentric neutral line is distributed and arranged in each of the three phase lines of A, B, and C, and the second concentric neutral line is disposed in a section where the first concentric neutral line is not disposed.
  4. 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제2동심중성선은 케이블 지락 고장전류를 고려하여 결정된 단면적을 갖는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The power cable distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second concentric neutral wire has a cross sectional area determined in consideration of a cable ground fault current.
  5. 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제2동심중성선은 상기 제1동심중성선에 비해 절반 이하의 단면적을 갖는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The power cable distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second concentric neutral wire has a cross-sectional area of less than half of the first concentric neutral wire.
  6. 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제1동심중성선을 구비한 상선의 심선에 비해 상기 제2동심중성선을 구비한 상선의 심선이 작은 단면적을 갖는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The power cable distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the core wire of the merchant ship having the second concentric neutral wire has a smaller cross-sectional area compared to the core wire of the merchant ship having the first concentric neutral wire.
  7. 제2항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 상기 제2동심중성선은 상기 제1동심중성선에 비해 작은 단면적을 갖는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.4. The power cable distribution system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second concentric neutral wire has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first concentric neutral wire.
  8. 제3항에 있어서, 상기 A, B, C 3상의 상선은 각각 제1동심중성선이 배치되는 구간의 길이가 고르게 분산되는 전력케이블 배전 시스템.The power cable distribution system according to claim 3, wherein the phase lines of A, B, and C three phases are evenly distributed in lengths in which the first concentric neutral lines are arranged.
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