WO2013042231A1 - Device for quantifying cross-sectional shape of blood vessel and method for quantifying cross-sectional shape of blood vessel using same - Google Patents
Device for quantifying cross-sectional shape of blood vessel and method for quantifying cross-sectional shape of blood vessel using same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013042231A1 WO2013042231A1 PCT/JP2011/071507 JP2011071507W WO2013042231A1 WO 2013042231 A1 WO2013042231 A1 WO 2013042231A1 JP 2011071507 W JP2011071507 W JP 2011071507W WO 2013042231 A1 WO2013042231 A1 WO 2013042231A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1076—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions inside body cavities, e.g. using catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1079—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof using optical or photographic means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the same, which are used to quantify the shape of the blood vessel intima in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel intima after the stent is inserted into the blood vessel.
- a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the same, which are used to quantify the shape of the blood vessel intima in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel intima after the stent is inserted into the blood vessel.
- the arterial system which is the path of blood in the human body, is constantly exposed to high blood pressure in order to maintain the homeostasis of the human body and to maintain blood circulation. Therefore, stenosis and occlusion lesions are exhibited in blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis and inflammation.
- a coronary artery supplying oxygen or nutrients to the heart exhibits stenosis or occlusion, it becomes angina and myocardial infarction, causing cardiogenic shock and fatal arrhythmia, which is a fatal disease.
- a treatment method using a stent in the shape of a net-like tube mainly composed of a plurality of stainless steel stent struts ST is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). ).
- a coronary artery for supplying oxygen and nutrients is provided by placing a folded stent S on a balloon catheter, putting blood into the muscle of the heart h of the patient M, and supplying oxygen and nutrients.
- the balloon S is inserted into a narrowed portion of the blood vessel 150 and the balloon is expanded, and the balloon catheter is withdrawn while the stent S is left in the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150.
- the indwelled stent S is fixed in the blood vessel 150 with the blood vessel 150 expanded from the inside, so that a sufficient lumen 110 can be secured in the blood vessel 150 in which the stent S is indwelled. Stage restenosis can be reduced.
- Patients who have undergone treatment using a stent enter a stable period after one month from placement of the stent in the blood vessel, but when half a year has passed since placement, the neointima is placed on the intimal layer of the placed blood vessel. A layer may form and the blood vessel may restenosis.
- stents there are two types of stents: metal stents and drug-eluting stents that have a drug applied to the metal stent (functional stents that promote cell proliferation, contain anticancer agents, etc.).
- the shape of the blood vessel lumen formed by the above tends to maintain a state close to a perfect circle.
- a drug-eluting stent when used, the shape of the intima of the blood vessel becomes uneven (a shape similar to the outer periphery of confetti) under the influence of the drug applied to the drug-eluting stent after placement of the stent. There is a case.
- the shape of the intima of the blood vessel becomes uneven, the blood flowing through the lumen of the blood vessel becomes a turbulent state, which may promote the tendency of thrombus formation.
- OCT Optical Coherence Tomography
- the diagnostic imaging system can observe in detail the three-layer structure of an artery such as the intima, media and adventitia of blood vessels.
- Stent treatment is new, and various shapes of stents and drug types have been devised.
- shape of the vascular intima is quantified. It became important.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus that digitizes the shape of the intima of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel, and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape numerical value using the device. It is to provide a conversion method.
- the present invention is a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device that digitizes the shape of the intima of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel.
- the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus obtains a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in an image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where a blood cell component is not substantially present inside.
- Shape digitizing means for digitizing the shape of the intima based on a plurality of coordinates acquired by the coordinate acquiring means.
- a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the same for quantifying the shape of the blood vessel intima in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel can be provided.
- FIG. 5 It is a conceptual diagram of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus according to the present invention. It is a partially broken view of a blood vessel in a state where a stent is placed. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization method using the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the blood vessel displayed on the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is a screen that displays the coordinates of the intima of the blood vessel in the cross section of the blood vessel shown in FIG. 4. It is the screen which displayed the ellipse approximated to the coordinate shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing of another blood vessel displayed on the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization apparatus shown in FIG. It is the screen which displayed the coordinate of the intima of the blood vessel in the cross section of the blood vessel shown in FIG. It is the screen which displayed the ellipse approximated to the coordinate shown in FIG.
- the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10 includes a CPU 20, a monitor 30, and a mouse 40 which is an example of an input unit, and the blood vessel after inserting the stent S into the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150.
- This is a device that digitizes the shape of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 in 150 cross-sectional shapes.
- the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10 is a general personal computer (registered trademark).
- the CPU 20 functions as a coordinate acquisition unit and a shape digitization unit to be described later by a coordinate acquisition unit program and a shape digitization program stored in a storage unit (not shown) of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization device 10, respectively.
- the coordinate acquisition unit program and the shape digitization unit program stored in the storage unit will be described as different programs.
- the program is stored in the storage unit.
- the program may be composed of a coordinate acquisition / shape digitizing program including a coordinate acquisition program and a shape digitizing program.
- a CPU other than the CPU 20 may be provided inside or outside the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10, and the other CPU may be caused to execute the program for coordinate acquisition means.
- the monitor 30 is a general display, and displays an image G in accordance with an image signal output from the CPU 20.
- the mouse 40 is a general point input system, and is used to specify the coordinates of the image G displayed by the monitor 30.
- the diagnostic imaging system 200 includes an image wire 220 that emits near-infrared light and the like, is inserted into a blood vessel, a probe interface unit (PIU), and a system main body 230.
- the system main body 230 includes image output means for outputting the measured image to the blood vessel sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10.
- the image output means outputs an image measured via a USB memory, a wired LAN, a wireless LAN, or the like to the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10.
- image output means for outputting from the system main body 230 to the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10 is performed via the wired cable 240.
- the doctor inserts the image wire 220 into the inside of the cylindrical stent S inserted into the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150.
- the blood flow in the blood vessel 150 is temporarily blocked, and the blood in the blood vessel 150 is removed with lactated Ringer's solution, reproductive saline, or the like.
- the blood cell component is not substantially present inside the blood vessel 150.
- the doctor images the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel 150 using the diagnostic imaging system 200.
- the cross-sectional shape of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the cross-sectional shape of the stent strut ST of the stent S are photographed in the image captured by the diagnostic imaging system 200.
- the doctor operates the operation unit of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10 so that the image acquired by the diagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30.
- the CPU 20 causes the monitor 30 to display the image taken by the diagnostic imaging system 200 in accordance with the operation of the operation unit of the doctor (display process: step S11 in FIG. 3).
- the monitor 30 displays an image G1 captured by the diagnostic imaging system 200.
- the image G220 captures an image wire 220 and an artery wall 140.
- the artery wall 140 includes a lumen 110, The cross-sectional shapes of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150, the neointima 130 proliferated in the blood vessel 150, and the stent strut ST embedded in the neointima 130 are photographed.
- the doctor operates the mouse 40 while observing the image displayed on the monitor 30 to position the inner membrane 120 of the blood vessel 150, that is, on the boundary between the inner membrane 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the lumen 110. Enter the position of as a coordinate.
- the CPU 20 acquires the position on the boundary between the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the lumen 110 as coordinates in accordance with the operation of the mouse 40 by the doctor (input reception process: step S12 in FIG. 3). Therefore, the CPU 20 acquires a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the blood vessel 150, the intima 120, and the lumen 110 in the image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where the blood cell component is not substantially present inside. Acts as an acquisition means.
- the coordinates input in this way are displayed as a plurality of coordinates P1 on the screen G11 of the monitor 30, as shown in FIG.
- the doctor can determine whether or not a number of coordinates that can sufficiently specify the shape of the boundary between the intima 120 and the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150 have been input by looking at the screen G11.
- the doctor performs an operation of causing the CPU 20 to calculate an ellipse formula, a flat rate, and a gold flat rate based on the plurality of input coordinates P1.
- the flatness ratio is a value representing how flat the obtained ellipse is compared to a circle.
- the major radius of the ellipse is a and the minor radius is b, it is represented by 1- (b / a).
- the flatness becomes 0, and the flatness approaches 1 as it collapses.
- the flatness may be simply expressed as (b / a) (in this case, the flatness becomes 1 in a perfect circle, and the flatness approaches 0 as it is crushed).
- the gold flat rate is a value (r 2 ) representing how far the coordinate P1 deviates from the line of the ellipse Q1 by comparing the obtained equation of the ellipse Q1 with a plurality of coordinates P1.
- Is a value representing the degree of unevenness of the shape of the intima 120 based on the value calculated based on the sum of the squares of the plurality of residuals, which is the distance between the ellipse and each coordinate.
- the CPU 20 calculates an ellipse formula, a flattening rate, and a flattening rate based on the input coordinates in accordance with a doctor's operation (a step for obtaining an ellipse, a step for obtaining a flattening rate, and a step for obtaining a flattening rate: FIG. Steps S13, S14, S15).
- the CPU 20 obtains an ellipse equation that best fits the input plurality of coordinates by the method of least squares. Specifically, first, the center of gravity of the input coordinates is obtained. Next, the coordinates input to the polar coordinate system having the center of gravity as the origin are coordinate-transformed. Next, the equation of the ellipse is determined by the nonlinear least square method using the following parameter display as the equation of the ellipse.
- x a ⁇ cos ⁇ cos ⁇ b ⁇ sin ⁇ sin ⁇ + x0
- y a ⁇ sin ⁇ cos ⁇ b ⁇ cos ⁇ sin ⁇ + y0
- ⁇ rotation angle of the ellipse
- the CPU 20 causes the monitor 30 to display the calculated flattening rate and gold flattening rate, and displays it on the screen G12 based on the input coordinates P1 and the obtained ellipse formula as shown in FIG.
- An ellipse Q1 is displayed. Since the shape of the ellipse Q1 is close to the shape of a slightly collapsed circle and there is a slight difference between the major radius and the minor radius, the CPU 20 calculates a flatness ratio (b / a) away from 1. In addition, since all of the plurality of coordinates P1 are close to the ellipse Q1, the CPU 20 calculates a high value of the flatness (indicating that a high value of flatness is not an uneven shape).
- the CPU 20 acts as a shape digitizing unit that digitizes the shape of the intima 120 based on the plurality of coordinates P1.
- the shape of the inner membrane 120 shown in FIG. 4 is close to a slightly collapsed ellipse, but is a smooth shape (not an uneven shape).
- the image acquired by the diagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30 as follows.
- an image G ⁇ b> 2 photographed by the diagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30, and the cross-sectional shape of the uneven inner membrane 120 is photographed on the image G ⁇ b> 2.
- the CPU 20 displays a screen G21 representing a plurality of coordinates P2 input by the doctor on the monitor 30 (input reception step: step S12 in FIG. 3).
- the CPU 20 calculates a flatness ratio (b / a) close to 1. Further, since the CPU 20 has coordinates close to the ellipse Q2 and coordinates apart from the ellipse Q2, among the plurality of coordinates P2, the CPU 20 has a low value of flatness (a low value of flatness indicates that the uneven shape is remarkable. ) Is calculated. Thereby, it can be said that the shape of the inner membrane 120 shown in FIG.
- the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus can digitize the shape of the intima of the blood vessel with the flatness and the gold flatness in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel.
- the CPU 20 has a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in the image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where the blood cell component is not substantially present inside.
- the coordinate acquisition means may be provided in an apparatus (for example, another computer) provided with another CPU other than the CPU 20.
- Blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 20 CPU 30 monitor 40 mouse 110 lumen 120 intima 130 neointima 140 arterial wall 150 blood vessel 200 diagnostic imaging system 210 catheter 220 image wire 230 system main body 240 wired cable
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Abstract
The present invention is a device (10) for quantifying the cross-sectional shape of blood vessel which quantifies the shape of the intima (120) of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after inserting a stent (S) into the lumen (110) of the blood vessel. The device (10) for quantifying the cross-sectional shape of blood vessel is provided with a shape-quantifying means which quantifies the shape of the intima (120) on the basis of a plurality of coordinates that are acquired by a coordinate-acquiring means which acquires the coordinates on a boundary between the intima (120) and lumen (110) of the blood vessel in an image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel, said blood vessel being in a state of substantially containing no blood cell component therein.
According to the present invention, a device for quantifying the cross-sectional shape of blood vessel, which quantifies the shape of an intima of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after inserting a stent into the lumen of the blood vessel, and a method for quantifying the cross-sectional shape of blood vessel using the aforesaid device can be provided.
Description
本発明は、ステントを血管の内部に挿入した後の血管の内膜の断面形状において、血管の内膜の形状を数値化する血管断面形状数値化装置及びそれを用いた血管断面形状数値化方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the same, which are used to quantify the shape of the blood vessel intima in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel intima after the stent is inserted into the blood vessel. About.
人体の血液の経路となる動脈系は、人体の恒常性を保持するために、また、血液の循環を保持するために、常に高い血圧にさらされている。そのため、動脈硬化や炎症などに起因して、血管に狭窄、閉塞病変を呈する。特に、心臓に酸素や栄養を供給している冠動脈に狭窄や閉塞を呈すると狭心症、心筋梗塞となり、心原性ショックや致死性不整脈などの原因となり致命的な疾患である。
The arterial system, which is the path of blood in the human body, is constantly exposed to high blood pressure in order to maintain the homeostasis of the human body and to maintain blood circulation. Therefore, stenosis and occlusion lesions are exhibited in blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis and inflammation. In particular, if a coronary artery supplying oxygen or nutrients to the heart exhibits stenosis or occlusion, it becomes angina and myocardial infarction, causing cardiogenic shock and fatal arrhythmia, which is a fatal disease.
狭窄、閉塞病変の治療方法として、近年、主にステンレスの複数のステントストラットSTで構成された網状の筒の形をしたステントを用いた治療方法が知られている(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。具体的な治療の一例を挙げれば、図1及び図2に示すように、バルーンカテーテルに折りたたんだステントSをかぶせ、患者Mの心臓hの筋肉へ血液をおくり、酸素や栄養を供給する冠動脈のような血管150の狭くなった部分に挿入し、バルーンを拡張することによりステントSを血管150の内腔110内に留置させたまま、バルーンカテーテルを抜き取る。これにより、留置されたステントSは、血管150を内側から広げた状態で血管150内に固定されるので、ステントSが留置された血管150には、十分な内腔110が確保できるため、慢性期の再狭窄を減少させることができる。
As a treatment method for stenosis and occlusion lesions, in recent years, a treatment method using a stent in the shape of a net-like tube mainly composed of a plurality of stainless steel stent struts ST is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). ). As an example of a specific treatment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a coronary artery for supplying oxygen and nutrients is provided by placing a folded stent S on a balloon catheter, putting blood into the muscle of the heart h of the patient M, and supplying oxygen and nutrients. The balloon S is inserted into a narrowed portion of the blood vessel 150 and the balloon is expanded, and the balloon catheter is withdrawn while the stent S is left in the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150. As a result, the indwelled stent S is fixed in the blood vessel 150 with the blood vessel 150 expanded from the inside, so that a sufficient lumen 110 can be secured in the blood vessel 150 in which the stent S is indwelled. Stage restenosis can be reduced.
ステントを用いた治療を受けた患者は、ステントを血管内に留置してから1ヶ月以後、安定期に入るが、留置してから半年を経過すると、留置した血管の内膜層に新生内膜層が形成され、血管が再狭窄する場合がある。
Patients who have undergone treatment using a stent enter a stable period after one month from placement of the stent in the blood vessel, but when half a year has passed since placement, the neointima is placed on the intimal layer of the placed blood vessel. A layer may form and the blood vessel may restenosis.
また、ステントには、金属ステントと金属ステントに薬剤を塗布した薬剤溶出ステント(細胞増殖促進作用、抗ガン剤含有などの機能性ステント)とがあり、金属ステントを用いた場合は、新生内膜により形成される血管内腔の形状は正円に近い状態を維持する傾向がある。一方、薬剤溶出ステントを用いた場合は、ステントを留置した後に、薬剤溶出ステントに塗布した薬剤の影響を受けて、血管の内膜の形状が凸凹状(金平糖の外周のような形状)になる場合がある。血管の内膜の形状が凸凹状になると、血管の内腔を流れる血液は乱流状態となり、血栓形成傾向を助長することがある。
In addition, there are two types of stents: metal stents and drug-eluting stents that have a drug applied to the metal stent (functional stents that promote cell proliferation, contain anticancer agents, etc.). The shape of the blood vessel lumen formed by the above tends to maintain a state close to a perfect circle. On the other hand, when a drug-eluting stent is used, the shape of the intima of the blood vessel becomes uneven (a shape similar to the outer periphery of confetti) under the influence of the drug applied to the drug-eluting stent after placement of the stent. There is a case. When the shape of the intima of the blood vessel becomes uneven, the blood flowing through the lumen of the blood vessel becomes a turbulent state, which may promote the tendency of thrombus formation.
そこで、一般的に、ステントを留置後は、例えば、留置してから6ヶ月後に血管の造影を行ない、再狭窄が生じていないかなどの、ステントが留置された血管の評価をすることが好ましい。
そのような再狭窄が生じていないかを検査する装置として、近赤外線を用いた画像診断システム(OCT:Optical Coherence Tomography)がある。画像診断システムは、血管の内膜、中膜、外膜といった動脈の3層構造を詳細に観察することができる。 Therefore, in general, after placing the stent, it is preferable to evaluate the blood vessel in which the stent is placed, for example, by contrasting the blood vessel 6 months after placement and whether restenosis has occurred. .
As an apparatus for inspecting whether such restenosis has occurred, there is an optical diagnosis system (OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography) using near infrared rays. The diagnostic imaging system can observe in detail the three-layer structure of an artery such as the intima, media and adventitia of blood vessels.
そのような再狭窄が生じていないかを検査する装置として、近赤外線を用いた画像診断システム(OCT:Optical Coherence Tomography)がある。画像診断システムは、血管の内膜、中膜、外膜といった動脈の3層構造を詳細に観察することができる。 Therefore, in general, after placing the stent, it is preferable to evaluate the blood vessel in which the stent is placed, for example, by contrasting the blood vessel 6 months after placement and whether restenosis has occurred. .
As an apparatus for inspecting whether such restenosis has occurred, there is an optical diagnosis system (OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography) using near infrared rays. The diagnostic imaging system can observe in detail the three-layer structure of an artery such as the intima, media and adventitia of blood vessels.
ステントを用いた治療は新しく、様々な形状のステントや薬剤の種類が考案されており、ステントの形状や薬剤溶出ステントの薬剤の種類の研究をするにあたり、血管の内膜の形状を数値化することが重要となった。
Stent treatment is new, and various shapes of stents and drug types have been devised. In studying stent shapes and drug-eluting stent drug types, the shape of the vascular intima is quantified. It became important.
そこで、本発明の目的は、ステントを血管の内腔に挿入した後の血管の断面形状において、血管の内膜の形状を数値化する血管断面形状数値化装置及びそれを用いた血管断面形状数値化方法を提供することにある。
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus that digitizes the shape of the intima of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel, and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape numerical value using the device. It is to provide a conversion method.
本発明は、ステントを血管の内腔に挿入した後の血管の断面形状において、血管の内膜の形状を数値化する血管断面形状数値化装置である。血管断面形状数値化装置は、血球成分が内部に実質的に存在しない状態の血管の断面形状を表す画像における、前記血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の複数の座標を取得する座標取得手段によって取得された複数の座標に基づいて、前記内膜の形状を数値化する形状数値化手段と、を備える。
The present invention is a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device that digitizes the shape of the intima of a blood vessel in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel. The blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus obtains a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in an image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where a blood cell component is not substantially present inside. Shape digitizing means for digitizing the shape of the intima based on a plurality of coordinates acquired by the coordinate acquiring means.
本発明によれば、ステントを血管の内腔に挿入した後の血管の断面形状において、血管の内膜の形状を数値化する血管断面形状数値化装置及びそれを用いた血管断面形状数値化方法を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device and a blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the same for quantifying the shape of the blood vessel intima in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel Can be provided.
以下、添付した図面を参照して、本発明に係る血管断面形状数値化装置及びその方法を説明する。
図1に示すように、血管断面形状数値化装置10は、CPU20と、モニター30と、入力手段の一例であるマウス40とを備え、ステントSを血管150の内腔110に挿入した後の血管150の断面形状において、血管150の内膜120の形状を数値化する装置である。本実施形態では、血管断面形状数値化装置10は、一般的なパーソナルコンピュータ(登録商標)である。
CPU20は、血管断面形状数値化装置10の記憶手段(図示せず)に記憶された座標取得手段用プログラム及び形状数値化手段用プログラムによって、それぞれ、後述する座標取得手段及び形状数値化手段として機能する。本実施形態では、記憶手段に記憶されている座標取得手段用プログラムと形状数値化手段用プログラムとは別のプログラムで構成されているとして説明するが、これに限定されず、記憶手段に記憶された座標取得手段用プログラム及び形状数値化手段用プログラムを備えた座標取得・形状数値化手段用プログラムで構成されていてもよい。また、CPU20とは、別のCPUを血管断面形状数値化装置10の内部又は外部に備え、その別のCPUに座標取得手段用プログラムを実行させてもよい。
モニター30は一般的なディスプレイであり、CPU20から出力される画像信号に従って画像Gを表示させる。
マウス40は、一般的なポイント入力システムであり、モニター30によって表示された画像Gの座標を特定するために用いられる。 Hereinafter, a blood vessel sectional shape digitizing apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the blood vessel cross-sectionalshape digitizing apparatus 10 includes a CPU 20, a monitor 30, and a mouse 40 which is an example of an input unit, and the blood vessel after inserting the stent S into the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150. This is a device that digitizes the shape of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 in 150 cross-sectional shapes. In this embodiment, the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10 is a general personal computer (registered trademark).
TheCPU 20 functions as a coordinate acquisition unit and a shape digitization unit to be described later by a coordinate acquisition unit program and a shape digitization program stored in a storage unit (not shown) of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization device 10, respectively. To do. In the present embodiment, the coordinate acquisition unit program and the shape digitization unit program stored in the storage unit will be described as different programs. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the program is stored in the storage unit. Further, the program may be composed of a coordinate acquisition / shape digitizing program including a coordinate acquisition program and a shape digitizing program. Further, a CPU other than the CPU 20 may be provided inside or outside the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10, and the other CPU may be caused to execute the program for coordinate acquisition means.
Themonitor 30 is a general display, and displays an image G in accordance with an image signal output from the CPU 20.
Themouse 40 is a general point input system, and is used to specify the coordinates of the image G displayed by the monitor 30.
図1に示すように、血管断面形状数値化装置10は、CPU20と、モニター30と、入力手段の一例であるマウス40とを備え、ステントSを血管150の内腔110に挿入した後の血管150の断面形状において、血管150の内膜120の形状を数値化する装置である。本実施形態では、血管断面形状数値化装置10は、一般的なパーソナルコンピュータ(登録商標)である。
CPU20は、血管断面形状数値化装置10の記憶手段(図示せず)に記憶された座標取得手段用プログラム及び形状数値化手段用プログラムによって、それぞれ、後述する座標取得手段及び形状数値化手段として機能する。本実施形態では、記憶手段に記憶されている座標取得手段用プログラムと形状数値化手段用プログラムとは別のプログラムで構成されているとして説明するが、これに限定されず、記憶手段に記憶された座標取得手段用プログラム及び形状数値化手段用プログラムを備えた座標取得・形状数値化手段用プログラムで構成されていてもよい。また、CPU20とは、別のCPUを血管断面形状数値化装置10の内部又は外部に備え、その別のCPUに座標取得手段用プログラムを実行させてもよい。
モニター30は一般的なディスプレイであり、CPU20から出力される画像信号に従って画像Gを表示させる。
マウス40は、一般的なポイント入力システムであり、モニター30によって表示された画像Gの座標を特定するために用いられる。 Hereinafter, a blood vessel sectional shape digitizing apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the blood vessel cross-sectional
The
The
The
画像診断システム200は、近赤外線などを発光し、血管の内部に挿入されるイメージワイヤー220と、プローブインターフェースユニット(PIU)と、システム本体230とを備える。システム本体230は、測定された画像を血管断面形状数値化装置10に出力する画像出力手段を備えている。画像出力手段は、USBメモリ、有線LAN、無線LANなどを介して測定された画像を血管断面形状数値化装置10に出力する。本実施形態では、システム本体230から血管断面形状数値化装置10に出力する画像出力手段は、有線ケーブル240を介して行われる。
The diagnostic imaging system 200 includes an image wire 220 that emits near-infrared light and the like, is inserted into a blood vessel, a probe interface unit (PIU), and a system main body 230. The system main body 230 includes image output means for outputting the measured image to the blood vessel sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10. The image output means outputs an image measured via a USB memory, a wired LAN, a wireless LAN, or the like to the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10. In the present embodiment, image output means for outputting from the system main body 230 to the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device 10 is performed via the wired cable 240.
以下、図1から図9を参照して、血管断面形状数値化装置10の使用方法について説明する。
Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9, a method of using the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10 will be described.
まず、図1及び図2に示すように、医師は、イメージワイヤー220を、血管150の内腔110に挿入された筒状のステントSの内側に挿入する。このとき、血管150の血流は一時的に遮断され、また、血管150の内部にある血液は、乳酸加リンゲル液や生殖食塩水などで排除される。これにより、血球成分が血管150の内部に実質的に存在しない状態となる。
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the doctor inserts the image wire 220 into the inside of the cylindrical stent S inserted into the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150. At this time, the blood flow in the blood vessel 150 is temporarily blocked, and the blood in the blood vessel 150 is removed with lactated Ringer's solution, reproductive saline, or the like. As a result, the blood cell component is not substantially present inside the blood vessel 150.
次に、医師は、画像診断システム200を用いて、血管150の断面形状を撮影する。このとき、画像診断システム200によって撮影された撮像には、血管150の内膜120の断面形状及びステントSのステントストラットSTの断面形状が撮影されている。
Next, the doctor images the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel 150 using the diagnostic imaging system 200. At this time, the cross-sectional shape of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the cross-sectional shape of the stent strut ST of the stent S are photographed in the image captured by the diagnostic imaging system 200.
次に、医師は、画像診断システム200によって取得された撮像をモニター30に表示させるように、血管断面形状数値化装置10の操作部を操作する。
Next, the doctor operates the operation unit of the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus 10 so that the image acquired by the diagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30.
図4に示すように、CPU20は、医師の操作部の操作に応じて、画像診断システム200によって撮影された撮像をモニター30に表示させる(表示工程:図3のステップS11)。モニター30には、画像診断システム200によって撮影された撮像G1が表示され、撮像G1には、イメージワイヤー220と、動脈壁140とが撮影されており、動脈壁140には、内腔110と、血管150の内膜120と、血管150の内部に増殖された新生内膜130と、新生内膜130に埋設状態となったステントストラットSTとの断面形状が撮影されている。
As shown in FIG. 4, the CPU 20 causes the monitor 30 to display the image taken by the diagnostic imaging system 200 in accordance with the operation of the operation unit of the doctor (display process: step S11 in FIG. 3). The monitor 30 displays an image G1 captured by the diagnostic imaging system 200. The image G220 captures an image wire 220 and an artery wall 140. The artery wall 140 includes a lumen 110, The cross-sectional shapes of the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150, the neointima 130 proliferated in the blood vessel 150, and the stent strut ST embedded in the neointima 130 are photographed.
次に、医師は、モニター30に表示された撮像を見ながらマウス40を操作して、血管150の内膜120の位置、すなわち、血管150の内膜120と内腔110との間の境界上の位置を座標として入力する。CPU20は、医師のマウス40の操作に応じて、血管150の内膜120と内腔110との間の境界上の位置を座標として取得する(入力受付工程:図3のステップS12)。したがって、CPU20は、血球成分が内部に実質的に存在しない状態の血管の断面形状を表す画像における、血管150と内膜120と内腔110との間の境界上の複数の座標を取得する座標取得手段として作用する。
Next, the doctor operates the mouse 40 while observing the image displayed on the monitor 30 to position the inner membrane 120 of the blood vessel 150, that is, on the boundary between the inner membrane 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the lumen 110. Enter the position of as a coordinate. The CPU 20 acquires the position on the boundary between the intima 120 of the blood vessel 150 and the lumen 110 as coordinates in accordance with the operation of the mouse 40 by the doctor (input reception process: step S12 in FIG. 3). Therefore, the CPU 20 acquires a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the blood vessel 150, the intima 120, and the lumen 110 in the image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where the blood cell component is not substantially present inside. Acts as an acquisition means.
このようにして入力された座標は、図5に示すように、モニター30の画面G11において、複数の座標P1として表示される。医師は、画面G11を見て、血管150の内膜120と内腔110との間の境界の形状が十分特定できる程度の数の座標が入力されたか否かを判断することができる。
The coordinates input in this way are displayed as a plurality of coordinates P1 on the screen G11 of the monitor 30, as shown in FIG. The doctor can determine whether or not a number of coordinates that can sufficiently specify the shape of the boundary between the intima 120 and the lumen 110 of the blood vessel 150 have been input by looking at the screen G11.
次に、医師は、入力された複数の座標P1に基づいて楕円の式、扁平率及び金平率をCPU20に計算させる操作を行う。
ここで、扁平率とは、得られた楕円が、円に比べてどれくらい扁平かを表す値であり、楕円の長半径をa、短半径をbとすると、1-(b/a)で表され、完全な円では扁平率が0になり、つぶれるに従って扁平率は1に近づく。また、簡易的に、扁平率を(b/a)で表すことがある(この場合、完全な円では扁平率が1になり、つぶれるに従って扁平率は0に近づく。)。 Next, the doctor performs an operation of causing theCPU 20 to calculate an ellipse formula, a flat rate, and a gold flat rate based on the plurality of input coordinates P1.
Here, the flatness ratio is a value representing how flat the obtained ellipse is compared to a circle. When the major radius of the ellipse is a and the minor radius is b, it is represented by 1- (b / a). In a perfect circle, the flatness becomes 0, and the flatness approaches 1 as it collapses. In addition, the flatness may be simply expressed as (b / a) (in this case, the flatness becomes 1 in a perfect circle, and the flatness approaches 0 as it is crushed).
ここで、扁平率とは、得られた楕円が、円に比べてどれくらい扁平かを表す値であり、楕円の長半径をa、短半径をbとすると、1-(b/a)で表され、完全な円では扁平率が0になり、つぶれるに従って扁平率は1に近づく。また、簡易的に、扁平率を(b/a)で表すことがある(この場合、完全な円では扁平率が1になり、つぶれるに従って扁平率は0に近づく。)。 Next, the doctor performs an operation of causing the
Here, the flatness ratio is a value representing how flat the obtained ellipse is compared to a circle. When the major radius of the ellipse is a and the minor radius is b, it is represented by 1- (b / a). In a perfect circle, the flatness becomes 0, and the flatness approaches 1 as it collapses. In addition, the flatness may be simply expressed as (b / a) (in this case, the flatness becomes 1 in a perfect circle, and the flatness approaches 0 as it is crushed).
また、金平率とは、求めた楕円Q1の式と、複数の座標P1とを比較して、座標P1が楕円Q1の線上からどの程度外れているのかを表す値(r2)であり、それぞれが楕円と各座標との間の距離である複数の残差のそれぞれの自乗の和に基づいて算出した値を内膜120の形状の凸凹の程度を表す値である。
The gold flat rate is a value (r 2 ) representing how far the coordinate P1 deviates from the line of the ellipse Q1 by comparing the obtained equation of the ellipse Q1 with a plurality of coordinates P1. Is a value representing the degree of unevenness of the shape of the intima 120 based on the value calculated based on the sum of the squares of the plurality of residuals, which is the distance between the ellipse and each coordinate.
CPU20は、医師の操作に応じて、入力された座標に基づいて楕円の式、扁平率及び金平率の計算を行う(楕円を求める工程、扁平率を求める工程及び金平率を求める工程:図3のステップS13、S14、S15)。
The CPU 20 calculates an ellipse formula, a flattening rate, and a flattening rate based on the input coordinates in accordance with a doctor's operation (a step for obtaining an ellipse, a step for obtaining a flattening rate, and a step for obtaining a flattening rate: FIG. Steps S13, S14, S15).
まず、CPU20は、入力された複数の座標に最も適合する楕円の式を最小自乗法にて求める。具体的には、まず、入力された座標の重心を求める。次に、その重心を原点にする極座標系に入力された座標を座標変換する。次に、楕円の式として、以下に示す媒介変数表示を用い、非線形最小自乗法により、楕円の式を決定する。
x=a・cosθcosφ-b・sinθsinφ+x0、y=a・sinθcosφ-b・cosθsinφ+y0
φ:媒介変数、θ:楕円の回転角、a、b:長半径、短半径、x0、y0:楕円中心の原点からのズレ First, theCPU 20 obtains an ellipse equation that best fits the input plurality of coordinates by the method of least squares. Specifically, first, the center of gravity of the input coordinates is obtained. Next, the coordinates input to the polar coordinate system having the center of gravity as the origin are coordinate-transformed. Next, the equation of the ellipse is determined by the nonlinear least square method using the following parameter display as the equation of the ellipse.
x = a · cos θ cos φ−b · sin θ sin φ + x0, y = a · sin θ cos φ−b · cos θ sin φ + y0
φ: parameter, θ: rotation angle of the ellipse, a, b: major radius, minor radius, x0, y0: deviation from the origin of the ellipse center
x=a・cosθcosφ-b・sinθsinφ+x0、y=a・sinθcosφ-b・cosθsinφ+y0
φ:媒介変数、θ:楕円の回転角、a、b:長半径、短半径、x0、y0:楕円中心の原点からのズレ First, the
x = a · cos θ cos φ−b · sin θ sin φ + x0, y = a · sin θ cos φ−b · cos θ sin φ + y0
φ: parameter, θ: rotation angle of the ellipse, a, b: major radius, minor radius, x0, y0: deviation from the origin of the ellipse center
次に、CPU20は、算出した扁平率及び金平率をモニター30に表示させると共に、図6に示すように、画面G12に、入力された座標P1と、得られた楕円の式に基づいて表示した楕円Q1とを表示させる。CPU20は、楕円Q1の形状がややつぶれた円の形状に近く、長半径と短半径との間に若干差があるので、扁平率(b/a)は、1から離れた値を算出する。また、CPU20は、複数の座標P1のいずれもが楕円Q1に接近しているので、高い値の金平率(高い値の金平率は凸凹形状ではないことを示す。)を算出する。このように、CPU20は、複数の座標P1に基づいて、内膜120の形状を数値化する形状数値化手段として作用する。
これにより、算出した扁平率及び金平率から、図4に示す内膜120の形状は、ややつぶれた楕円形に近いが、なめらかな形状(凸凹形状ではない)であるといえる。 Next, theCPU 20 causes the monitor 30 to display the calculated flattening rate and gold flattening rate, and displays it on the screen G12 based on the input coordinates P1 and the obtained ellipse formula as shown in FIG. An ellipse Q1 is displayed. Since the shape of the ellipse Q1 is close to the shape of a slightly collapsed circle and there is a slight difference between the major radius and the minor radius, the CPU 20 calculates a flatness ratio (b / a) away from 1. In addition, since all of the plurality of coordinates P1 are close to the ellipse Q1, the CPU 20 calculates a high value of the flatness (indicating that a high value of flatness is not an uneven shape). As described above, the CPU 20 acts as a shape digitizing unit that digitizes the shape of the intima 120 based on the plurality of coordinates P1.
Thereby, from the calculated flatness and gold flatness, it can be said that the shape of theinner membrane 120 shown in FIG. 4 is close to a slightly collapsed ellipse, but is a smooth shape (not an uneven shape).
これにより、算出した扁平率及び金平率から、図4に示す内膜120の形状は、ややつぶれた楕円形に近いが、なめらかな形状(凸凹形状ではない)であるといえる。 Next, the
Thereby, from the calculated flatness and gold flatness, it can be said that the shape of the
また、画像診断システム200によって取得された撮像が図7に示すように、内膜120が凸凹状である場合、モニター30には、以下のように表示される。
図7に示すように、モニター30には、画像診断システム200によって撮影された撮像G2が表示され、撮像G2には、凸凹状の内膜120の断面形状が撮影されている。
図8及び図9に示すように、CPU20は、医師によって入力された複数の座標P2を表した画面G21をモニター30に表示させる(入力受付工程:図3のステップS12)。
CPU20は、楕円Q2の形状は円の形状に近く、長半径と短半径との間にはほとんど差がないので、扁平率(b/a)は、1に近い値を算出する。また、CPU20は、複数の座標P2のうち楕円Q2に接近している座標と離れている座標とがあるので、低い値の金平率(低い値の金平率は凸凹形状が顕著なことを示す。)を算出する。これにより、算出した扁平率及び金平率から、図7に示す内膜120の形状は、円形に近いが凸凹形状が顕著であるといえる。 In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when theintima 120 has an uneven shape, the image acquired by the diagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30 as follows.
As shown in FIG. 7, an image G <b> 2 photographed by thediagnostic imaging system 200 is displayed on the monitor 30, and the cross-sectional shape of the uneven inner membrane 120 is photographed on the image G <b> 2.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, theCPU 20 displays a screen G21 representing a plurality of coordinates P2 input by the doctor on the monitor 30 (input reception step: step S12 in FIG. 3).
Since the shape of the ellipse Q2 is close to the shape of a circle and there is almost no difference between the major radius and the minor radius, theCPU 20 calculates a flatness ratio (b / a) close to 1. Further, since the CPU 20 has coordinates close to the ellipse Q2 and coordinates apart from the ellipse Q2, among the plurality of coordinates P2, the CPU 20 has a low value of flatness (a low value of flatness indicates that the uneven shape is remarkable. ) Is calculated. Thereby, it can be said that the shape of the inner membrane 120 shown in FIG.
図7に示すように、モニター30には、画像診断システム200によって撮影された撮像G2が表示され、撮像G2には、凸凹状の内膜120の断面形状が撮影されている。
図8及び図9に示すように、CPU20は、医師によって入力された複数の座標P2を表した画面G21をモニター30に表示させる(入力受付工程:図3のステップS12)。
CPU20は、楕円Q2の形状は円の形状に近く、長半径と短半径との間にはほとんど差がないので、扁平率(b/a)は、1に近い値を算出する。また、CPU20は、複数の座標P2のうち楕円Q2に接近している座標と離れている座標とがあるので、低い値の金平率(低い値の金平率は凸凹形状が顕著なことを示す。)を算出する。これにより、算出した扁平率及び金平率から、図7に示す内膜120の形状は、円形に近いが凸凹形状が顕著であるといえる。 In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when the
As shown in FIG. 7, an image G <b> 2 photographed by the
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the
Since the shape of the ellipse Q2 is close to the shape of a circle and there is almost no difference between the major radius and the minor radius, the
以上のように、血管断面形状数値化装置は、ステントを血管の内腔に挿入した後の血管の断面形状において、血管の内膜の形状を扁平率及び金平率をもって数値化することができる。
As described above, the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus can digitize the shape of the intima of the blood vessel with the flatness and the gold flatness in the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after the stent is inserted into the lumen of the blood vessel.
なお、上記実施形態の説明では、CPU20は、血球成分が内部に実質的に存在しない状態の血管の断面形状を表す画像における、血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の複数の座標を取得する座標取得手段を備えるとして説明したが、座標取得手段は、CPU20以外の別のCPUを備えた装置(例えば、別の計算機)に備えられていてもよい。
In the description of the above embodiment, the CPU 20 has a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in the image representing the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state where the blood cell component is not substantially present inside. However, the coordinate acquisition means may be provided in an apparatus (for example, another computer) provided with another CPU other than the CPU 20.
10 血管断面形状数値化装置
20 CPU
30 モニター
40 マウス
110 内腔
120 内膜
130 新生内膜
140 動脈壁
150 血管
200 画像診断システム
210 カテーテル
220 イメージワイヤー
230 システム本体
240 有線ケーブル 10 Blood vessel cross-sectionalshape digitizing device 20 CPU
30 monitor 40mouse 110 lumen 120 intima 130 neointima 140 arterial wall 150 blood vessel 200 diagnostic imaging system 210 catheter 220 image wire 230 system main body 240 wired cable
20 CPU
30 モニター
40 マウス
110 内腔
120 内膜
130 新生内膜
140 動脈壁
150 血管
200 画像診断システム
210 カテーテル
220 イメージワイヤー
230 システム本体
240 有線ケーブル 10 Blood vessel cross-sectional
30 monitor 40
Claims (7)
- ステントを血管の内腔に挿入した後の血管の断面形状において、血管の内腔の形状を数値化する血管断面形状数値化装置であって、
血球成分が内部に実質的に存在しない状態の血管の断面形状を表す画像における、前記血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の複数の座標を取得する座標取得手段によって取得された複数の座標に基づいて、前記内膜の形状を数値化する形状数値化手段と、
を備えた血管断面形状数値化装置。 In the cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel after inserting the stent into the lumen of the blood vessel, the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device for digitizing the shape of the blood vessel lumen,
A plurality of coordinates acquired by a coordinate acquisition means for acquiring a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in an image representing a cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state in which a blood cell component is not substantially present inside Shape digitizing means for digitizing the shape of the intima based on the coordinates of
A blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus comprising: - 前記形状数値化手段は、最小自乗法を用いて前記複数の座標に最も適合する楕円を求める手段と、求めた楕円から楕円率を前記内膜の形状の扁平率として求める手段と、それぞれが前記楕円と各座標との間の距離である複数の残差のそれぞれの自乗の和に基づいて算出した値を前記内膜の形状の凸凹の程度を表す金平率として求める手段と、を備える、請求項1に記載の血管断面形状数値化装置。 The shape quantification means includes a means for obtaining an ellipse that best fits the plurality of coordinates using a least square method, a means for obtaining an ellipticity from the obtained ellipse as a flatness of the shape of the intima, Means for obtaining a value calculated based on a sum of squares of a plurality of residuals, which is a distance between an ellipse and each coordinate, as a gold flatness ratio representing the degree of unevenness of the shape of the intima. Item 2. The blood vessel sectional shape digitizing apparatus according to Item 1.
- さらに、前記画像を表示させる表示部を備え、
前記座標取得手段は、前記表示部に表示された前記画像において、前記血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の座標の入力を受け付ける入力受付部を備える、請求項2に記載の血管断面形状数値化装置。 And a display unit for displaying the image.
The blood vessel according to claim 2, wherein the coordinate acquisition unit includes an input receiving unit that receives an input of coordinates on a boundary between an intima and a lumen of the blood vessel in the image displayed on the display unit. Cross-sectional shape digitizer. - さらに、血球成分が内部に実質的に存在しない状態の血管の断面形状を表す画像における、前記血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の複数の座標を取得する座標取得手段を備える、請求項3に記載の血管断面形状数値化装置。 Furthermore, coordinate acquisition means for acquiring a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in an image representing a cross-sectional shape of the blood vessel in a state in which the blood cell component is substantially absent inside, The blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing apparatus according to claim 3.
- 請求項3又は4に記載の血管断面形状数値化装置を用いた血管断面形状数値化方法であって、
前記画像における、前記血管の内膜と内腔との間の境界上の複数の座標を前記座標取得手段で取得する座標取得工程によって取得された前記複数の座標に基づいて、前記内腔の形状を前記形状数値化手段によって数値化する数値化工程と、
を備えた血管断面形状数値化方法。 A blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing method using the blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitizing device according to claim 3 or 4,
Based on the plurality of coordinates acquired by the coordinate acquisition step of acquiring a plurality of coordinates on the boundary between the intima and the lumen of the blood vessel in the image by the coordinate acquisition unit, the shape of the lumen A digitizing step for digitizing the shape by the shape digitizing means;
A blood vessel cross-sectional shape quantification method comprising: - 前記数値化工程は、さらに、最小自乗法を用いて前記複数の座標に最も適合する楕円を求める工程と、求めた楕円から楕円率を前記内膜の形状の扁平率として求める工程と、それぞれが前記楕円と各座標との間の距離である複数の残差のそれぞれの自乗の和に基づいて算出した値を前記内膜の形状の凸凹の程度を表す金平率として求める工程とを備える、請求項5に記載の血管断面形状数値化方法。 The quantification step further includes a step of obtaining an ellipse that best fits the plurality of coordinates using a least square method, a step of obtaining an ellipticity from the obtained ellipse as a flatness of the shape of the intima, Obtaining a value calculated based on a sum of squares of a plurality of residuals, which is a distance between the ellipse and each coordinate, as a gold flat rate representing a degree of unevenness of the shape of the intima. Item 6. The blood vessel cross-sectional shape digitization method according to Item 5.
- 前記座標取得工程は、前記画像を前記表示部に表示させる表示工程と、前記表示部に表示された前記画像において、前記血管の内膜と内腔との境界上の座標の入力を前記入力受付部で受け付ける入力受付工程とを備える、請求項6に記載の血管断面形状数値化方法。 The coordinate acquisition step includes a display step of displaying the image on the display unit, and an input of coordinates on a boundary between an intima and a lumen of the blood vessel in the image displayed on the display unit. The blood vessel cross-sectional shape quantification method according to claim 6, further comprising an input reception step of receiving at a section.
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