WO2013041818A1 - Capot primaire de turboréacteur double flux comportant une couronne tournante a micro-jets - Google Patents
Capot primaire de turboréacteur double flux comportant une couronne tournante a micro-jets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013041818A1 WO2013041818A1 PCT/FR2012/052123 FR2012052123W WO2013041818A1 WO 2013041818 A1 WO2013041818 A1 WO 2013041818A1 FR 2012052123 W FR2012052123 W FR 2012052123W WO 2013041818 A1 WO2013041818 A1 WO 2013041818A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- flow
- perforation
- nozzle
- perforations
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/28—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow
- F02K1/34—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow for attenuating noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/28—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/28—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow
- F02K1/30—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow for varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/38—Introducing air inside the jet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K3/00—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
- F02K3/02—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
- F02K3/025—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the by-pass flow being at least partly used to create an independent thrust component
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/38—Introducing air inside the jet
- F02K1/386—Introducing air inside the jet mixing devices in the jet pipe, e.g. for mixing primary and secondary flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
- F02K1/46—Nozzles having means for adding air to the jet or for augmenting the mixing region between the jet and the ambient air, e.g. for silencing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K3/00—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
- F02K3/02—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
- F02K3/04—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
- F02K3/075—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type controlling flow ratio between flows
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the field of the present invention is that of turbomachines and more particularly that of devices for reducing the noise emitted by these turbomachines.
- turbofan engines which consist of a gas turbine driving a streamlined fan, which is generally placed upstream of the engine.
- the mass of air sucked by the engine is divided into a primary flow, which flows in the gas turbine or primary body, and a secondary flow, which is derived from the fan, the two flows being concentric.
- the primary flow exits the blower to pass into the primary body where it is compressed again, heated in a combustion chamber, guided to successive stages of turbines and ejected into a primary gas stream.
- the secondary stream is compressed by the streamlined fan stage and then ejected directly without having been heated.
- the two streams can be ejected separately in two concentric streams or mixed in the same channel before ejection.
- the turbojet engine is conventionally housed in a nacelle which is shaped so as to make the aerodynamic drag as low as possible; it comprises a first part, upstream, which envelops the fan and a second part, downstream, which forms a hull to guide the secondary flow.
- the primary flow is, in its downstream part, guided between a motor housing, said primary cover, and a conical housing which closes the engine at the rear and which is generally referred to as the rear cone.
- the hull of the nacelle constitutes with the primary hood an ejection nozzle for the secondary flow, while the primary cowl constitutes with the rear cone an ejection nozzle for the primary flow.
- rafters that are installed on the primary nozzle of the engine. This technology is currently used mainly on separate flow motors. But while it is acoustically efficient enough, it does have a negative effect on cruising performance.
- Another solution envisaged by the industrialists consists in the implementation of micro-jets on the covers surrounding the primary flow and / or the secondary flow. These microjets are distributed circularly in azimuth on the hoods and inject air into the corresponding jet, at various angles of incidence and slippage.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a new device for reducing the jet noise of jet engines, which is more efficient than the current devices and which does not degrade the performance of these turbojet engines while cruising. thrust or specific consumption.
- the subject of the invention is a hood for a turbojet having an outer surface extending around an axis of revolution and being connected to a system for supplying a gas under pressure, said external surface comprising at least a perforation for injecting this gas under pressure, through this perforation, characterized in that it comprises at least one ring bearing said perforation, rotatable about said axis relative to the outer surface and whose outer face is in the extension of said cover so as to recreate a continuity with its outer surface.
- the presence of a perforation on the primary cover makes it possible, by modulating the conditions for injecting a gas under pressure with respect to the static pressure prevailing in the secondary flow, to create an unsteady flow phenomenon along the hood primary that continues over the entire length of the hood and beyond, and thus reduce the jet noise generated by the secondary flow.
- the rotation of a crown carrying the-or-said perforations creates an unsteady phenomenon of alternately, in a given plane, a disturbance due to the passage of the jet and a period of calm that lasts until the passage of the following perforation in this plane.
- this rotating ring leaving the rest of the fixed primary cover, very significantly lighten the device.
- the perforation is shaped so that the jet passing through it makes an angle of between 20 and 90 ° with the longitudinal direction of said outer surface.
- This orientation aims to make the jet penetrate as much as possible inside the primary flow and to better generate the unsteady phenomenon.
- the perforation is shaped so that the jet is injected perpendicularly to the surface of said hood.
- the cover has a number of perforations between 2 and 8, said perforations being evenly distributed around its circumference.
- a minimum number of two makes it possible to maintain a symmetry in the configuration adopted and to reduce the vibration-generating factors, whereas a too large number of perforations has the disadvantage of having the same diameter of perforations and injection speeds. an excessive air sampling rate.
- the invention also relates to an assembly consisting of a cover as described above and a pressurized gas supply system delivering a constant pressure.
- the invention relates to a turbofan engine comprising a primary body generating a primary flow intended to be ejected by a primary nozzle and a secondary body generating a secondary flow intended to be ejected in a secondary nozzle, said turbojet engine being equipped with a together as described above, wherein said cover is positioned downstream of said primary body and defines, on the internal side of the turbojet, the path followed by said primary flow downstream of the primary nozzle and the outer side, the path followed by said secondary flow downstream of the secondary nozzle and wherein said injection system injects said pressurized gas into the secondary flow.
- the axial position of the ring along the primary cowl is positioned, upstream of the primary ejection section, at a distance of less than 1.5 times the diameter of the primary stream at the level of said ejection section.
- This dimensioning makes it possible to create an unsteady flow phenomenon over a large length of the primary cover and thus to reduce the noise generated along and beyond this primary cover.
- the invention also relates to a turbojet engine as described above in which the pressurized gas supply system is sized to provide each perforation with a flow rate less than or equal to 0.2% of the flow rate of the secondary flow.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view, from the rear, of a turbofan engine equipped with a noise reduction device according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the engine of FIG. 1, and
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the rear part of the turbojet engine of Figure 1.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a turbojet engine 1, double flow and high dilution rate, mounted on the pylon 2 of an aircraft (not shown).
- the reactor 1 comprises a nacelle, whose front portion surrounds the fan and whose rear part, or secondary cover 3, forms, with the outer portion of the primary cover 5, the ejection nozzle 4 of the secondary flow.
- the primary body of the turbojet engine is enclosed in a succession of housings ending downstream by the primary cover 5 which separates the primary and secondary flows.
- the primary flow On the internal side the primary flow is channeled by the rear cone 7 which forms, with the inner part of the primary cover 5, the ejection nozzle 6 of the primary flow.
- the primary cover 5 is cut circularly downstream of the secondary ejection nozzle 4, to make room for a ring 15 whose outer face is in the extension of the cover so as to recreate continuity in the secondary vein.
- this ring is rotatable about the axis of the motor. It is, moreover, pierced with a series of perforations 8 which are regularly distributed on its periphery. These perforations, which are intended to inject micro-jets 9 of air under pressure into the secondary flow, are oriented so as to ensure this injection in a radial plane, with reference to the axis of rotation of the engine 1.
- FIG. 2 shows the rear part of the turbojet engine 1.
- the perforations 8, in turn, are supplied with pressurized air by a feeding system which will be detailed with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows in detail the downstream part of the engine, with the secondary flow 20 which is channeled between the primary cover 5 and the secondary cover 3.
- This primary cover 5 fixed, is mounted so that rotating the ring 15 by means of support and rotation such as gears, bearings and bearings, not shown.
- the rotation of the ring gear 15 is ensured by a motor 1 1 which transmits the movement by means of a rotating rod 12, which engages on the ring gear 15, for example by means of a gear wheel.
- the air supply of the perforations 8 is ensured by a sampling on a stage of the compressor which sends the collected air, via a supply line 13, into a supply chamber 14.
- This chamber is connected with the inside the ring 15 to feed the perforations 8 and generate micro-jets 9 at the exit thereof.
- the ring 15 is constituted by the assembly of the primary cover 5 which is rotated by means of drive devices and reducers mechanically connected to one of the rotation shafts of the engine.
- micro-jets 9 which are injected into the secondary flow downstream of the secondary ejection nozzle 4.
- these micro-jets are oriented radially, with reference to the axis of rotation of the motor but other angles of injection are also possible, the preferred orientation being between 20 ° and 90 ° of the axis of rotation of the engine.
- the jets are injected with a direction and a momentum such that they penetrate deeply inside the secondary flow and do not spread by mixing immediately with this flow to flow along the wall external cover 5.
- the proposed technology consists mainly in rotating a perforated crown carried by the primary cowl 5, and in equipping it with two or more jets of compressed air, which are distributed in azimuth on its periphery and which flow this air continuously. .
- the continuous rotational movement of the jets thus introduces an unsteady component into the secondary flow, because in the same radial plane chronologically succeeds the passage of a jet and then the absence of disturbance.
- the resulting dynamics of the flow is then closer to that of a wake than that of a mixing layer.
- the device is designed with the following particular parameters:
- the number of perforations 8 performing a compressed air injection varies between 2 to 8 according to the diameter of the primary cover.
- Micro-jets 9 from these perforations are regularly spaced in azimuth, so as to preserve the symmetry of the geometry of the back of the turbojet engine. This respect for symmetry makes it possible to overcome some of the vibration problems that can appear on rotating structures.
- the angle of penetration of the micro-jets in the secondary flow can vary between 20 ° and 90 °, with respect to the axis of the jet according to the case envisaged.
- the jets can, in particular, be oriented perpendicularly to the outer wall of the primary cover 5.
- the flow rate of the micro-jets 9 is defined as a percentage of the flow rate of the secondary flow, which makes it possible to adapt the invention to the size of the different existing turbojets.
- the pressure within the injection system which feeds the micro-jets can be set at a value such that the air speed of the micro-jets is at most sonic when passing through the perforations 8. The higher the pressure, better is the penetration of micro-jets in the secondary stream and better is the associated noise reduction.
- the size of the perforations 8 may vary, according to the number of perforations 8 which are located on the crown 15 of the primary cover 5 and the injection pressure retained, 1 cm to 5 cm in diameter.
- the axial position of these perforations along the primary hood, upstream of the primary ejection section 6, can vary between 0 and 1.5 times the diameter of the primary vein at its ejection section 6. This sizing allows to create an unsteady flow phenomenon over a large length of the primary cover and thus reduce the noise generated along and beyond this primary cover.
- the temperature of the air injected is preferably between the temperature of the primary flow and that of the secondary flow.
- the speed of rotation given to the ring 15 is a function of its size and therefore, that of the engine on which it is mounted.
- the device according to the invention has been described with an injection of continuous compressed air from a rotating ring 15 integrated in the primary cover 5, which has the effect of creating an unsteady fluid injection into the secondary flow 20, which the origin is placed in the center of this secondary flow.
- the unsteady character comes, as already indicated above, the alternation, in a given radial plane, of a disturbance due to the passage of the jet 9 and a period of calm that lasts until the passage of the next perforation 8 .
- Other devices that provide the same function can be imagined, which also fall within the scope of the present invention.
- this unsteady injection could be obtained from fixed injectors carried by a primary cover 5, without a rotating ring, by organizing a pulsed modulation of the pressure applied to the air which passes through the perforations 8.
- the modulations of FIG. the pressure would then create the desired instationnarity within the secondary flow and the dynamics that generates a reduction in noise.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/346,602 US9617954B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2012-09-24 | Primary cowl of a turbofan comprising a rotating ring having micro-jets |
GB1406230.1A GB2509442B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2012-09-24 | Primary cowl of a turbofan comprising a rotating ring having micro-jets |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1158477 | 2011-09-23 | ||
FR1158477A FR2980531B1 (fr) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Capot primaire de turboreacteur double flux comportant une couronne tournante a micro-jets |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013041818A1 true WO2013041818A1 (fr) | 2013-03-28 |
Family
ID=47071346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2012/052123 WO2013041818A1 (fr) | 2011-09-23 | 2012-09-24 | Capot primaire de turboréacteur double flux comportant une couronne tournante a micro-jets |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9617954B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2980531B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2509442B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013041818A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2975135B1 (fr) * | 2011-05-12 | 2016-07-22 | Snecma | Cone arriere de turboreacteur tournant a micro-jets |
GB201412189D0 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-08-20 | Rolls Royce Plc | A nozzle arrangement for a gas turbine engine |
RU2728577C2 (ru) * | 2018-10-03 | 2020-07-31 | Акционерное общество "Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация" (АО "ОДК") | Турбореактивный двухконтурный двигатель с раздельным истечением потоков из сопел |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1464822A2 (fr) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-06 | General Electric Company | Méthode et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'une turbine à gaz |
EP1884649A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | Snecma | Turbomachine à double flux à variation de sa section de col par moyens d'injection d'air |
EP2090769A1 (fr) * | 2000-10-02 | 2009-08-19 | Rohr, Inc. | Appareil, procédé et système de réduction sonore de moteur à turbine à gaz |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7065957B2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2006-06-27 | The Boeing Company | Segmented mixing device for jet engines and aircraft |
US7377108B2 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2008-05-27 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus and method for reduction jet noise from single jets |
US7681399B2 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2010-03-23 | General Electric Company | Turbofan engine cowl assembly and method of operating the same |
-
2011
- 2011-09-23 FR FR1158477A patent/FR2980531B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-09-24 WO PCT/FR2012/052123 patent/WO2013041818A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-09-24 US US14/346,602 patent/US9617954B2/en active Active
- 2012-09-24 GB GB1406230.1A patent/GB2509442B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2090769A1 (fr) * | 2000-10-02 | 2009-08-19 | Rohr, Inc. | Appareil, procédé et système de réduction sonore de moteur à turbine à gaz |
EP1464822A2 (fr) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-06 | General Electric Company | Méthode et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'une turbine à gaz |
EP1884649A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | Snecma | Turbomachine à double flux à variation de sa section de col par moyens d'injection d'air |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2980531A1 (fr) | 2013-03-29 |
FR2980531B1 (fr) | 2016-06-03 |
GB2509442B (en) | 2017-08-16 |
GB201406230D0 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
US9617954B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
US20140245715A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
GB2509442A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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