WO2013038677A1 - Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell - Google Patents

Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013038677A1
WO2013038677A1 PCT/JP2012/005846 JP2012005846W WO2013038677A1 WO 2013038677 A1 WO2013038677 A1 WO 2013038677A1 JP 2012005846 W JP2012005846 W JP 2012005846W WO 2013038677 A1 WO2013038677 A1 WO 2013038677A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current collector
exposed portion
electrode plate
collector exposed
positive electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/005846
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
杉田　康成
一樹 遠藤
藤川　万郷
西野　肇
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニック株式会社 filed Critical パナソニック株式会社
Publication of WO2013038677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013038677A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrode plate structure of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries represented by lithium ion secondary batteries are being actively conducted.
  • Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries have more energy as the performance of devices increases and the output increases. Therefore, the amount of heat generated at the time of abnormality is also large.
  • the abnormal heat generation of the battery is, for example, heat generation during internal short circuit or overcharge of the battery.
  • the battery can and the electrode group are deformed by an external foreign object such as a nail stab and an internal short circuit occurs, the amount of heat generated by the short circuit current flowing through the positive electrode active material increases, so the safety of the battery is a problem. become.
  • Patent Document 1 or 2 discloses that in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which a wound electrode group is accommodated in a battery can, the current collector exposed portion of the positive electrode is opposed to it. It is described that the current collector exposed portion of the negative electrode arranged in the above manner is formed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction.
  • the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, even if an internal short circuit occurs due to nail penetration or the like, the current collector exposed portion of the positive electrode and the negative electrode provided on the outermost peripheral side Since the short circuit between the two has a smaller resistance than the short circuit between the active materials on the inner peripheral side, a short circuit current flows intensively at the short circuit portion between the current collector exposed portions. As a result, a rapid temperature rise of the battery can be suppressed.
  • the active material on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group has electric potential, that is, electric energy.
  • a short-circuit current is generated in a direction from the inner peripheral side to the short-circuited portion on the outer peripheral side.
  • a short-circuit current flowing through the current collector flows also into a short-circuit portion between the active materials generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group, local heat is also generated on the inner peripheral side.
  • the capacity and output of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries increase, the short-circuit current also increases. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure sufficient battery safety with only conventional measures.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its main object is to provide a highly safe non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery even when an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality.
  • the present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a wound electrode group, and provides a current collector exposed portion of one or more rounds on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, Another current collector exposed portion is provided in a different part, and the two current collector exposed portions are electrically connected through two current collecting tabs connected to the respective current collector exposed portions. Adopted the configuration.
  • the invention according to the present invention includes a positive electrode plate coated with a positive electrode active material layer on a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode plate coated with a negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode current collector, a positive electrode plate,
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising an electrode group in which a negative electrode plate is wound through a separator, and a battery can in which the electrode group is accommodated, and of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the battery can have a different polarity
  • the electrode plate is separated from the first current collector exposed portion and the first current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group.
  • a second current collector exposed portion formed at the portion a first current collector exposed portion is provided with a first current collecting tab, and a second current collector exposed portion is provided with a second current collector tab.
  • a current collecting tab is provided, and the first current collecting tab and the second current collecting tab are connected outside the electrode group.
  • a highly safe non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided even when an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality.
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of an electrode plate in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view of a positive electrode plate
  • FIG. 2B is a plan view of a negative electrode plate. It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention.
  • the present invention provides a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode active material layer coated on a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode current collector coated with a negative electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate having separators.
  • the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including an electrode group wound through a battery can and a battery can in which the electrode group is accommodated.
  • the electrode plate having a polarity different from that of the battery can is the first current collector exposure in which the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group.
  • a second current collector exposed portion formed at a location away from the first current collector exposed portion, and the first current collector exposed portion is provided with a first current collecting tab.
  • the second current collector exposed portion is provided with a second current collector tab, and the first current collector tab and the second current collector tab are connected outside the electrode group.
  • the first current collector exposed portion provided on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group and the electrode plate opposed thereto An internal short circuit with a low resistance occurs between At this time, the first current collector exposed portion and the second current collector exposed portion are connected outside the electrode group by the first current collecting tab and the second current collecting tab.
  • the short-circuit current flowing through the current collector generated on the inner peripheral side of the group is supplied to the first current collector from the second current collector exposed portion via the first current collector tab and the second current collector tab. It can be diverted to the exposed part.
  • the short-circuit current flowing from the inner peripheral side to the short-circuited portion of the first current collector exposed portion through the current collector is generated between the active material layers generated on the inner peripheral side. It cannot be avoided that it flows into the short-circuited area. As a result, it becomes difficult to suppress the occurrence of local abnormal heat generation at the short-circuited portion occurring on the inner peripheral side.
  • the second current collector exposed portion is from the inner peripheral side end. It is preferably formed in a range of 3 / 4L or less. Thereby, the effect which shunts the short circuit current which flows through a current collector from the 2nd current collector exposure part to the 1st current collector exposure part can be raised more.
  • a lead for outputting to the outside of the battery is provided on the electrode plate, and the second current collector exposed portion is formed between the first current collector exposed portion and the lead.
  • the lead is preferably provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group.
  • the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction in the second current collector exposed portion. Moreover, both surfaces of the current collector may be exposed in the second current collector exposed portion. Thereby, in addition to the internal short circuit with low resistance generated in the first current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, the internal short circuit portion with low resistance is dispersed in the second current collector exposed portion on the inner peripheral side. Can be provided.
  • both surfaces of the current collector may be exposed in the first current collector exposed portion. Therefore, the short circuit resistance which arises in the outermost collector exposed part can be made smaller.
  • the electrode plate is formed with a third current collector exposed portion between the first current collector exposed portion and the second current collector exposed portion, and the third current collector exposed portion.
  • the current collector is preferably exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction.
  • the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery is formed with a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the first current collector exposed portion. It is preferable. Further, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can has a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the second current collector exposed portion and / or the third current collector exposed portion. Preferably it is formed. Thereby, the short circuit resistance which arises in the collector exposure part of the outermost peripheral side and the inner peripheral side can be made smaller.
  • the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can is the current collector in which the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group.
  • An exposed portion and another collector exposed portion formed at a position away from the current collector exposed portion, and a lead is provided on the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, and the other current collector
  • a current collecting tab is provided in the exposed portion, and the lead and the current collecting tab are connected to the battery can.
  • the battery can is composed of an insulating material such as a laminate film and neither the positive electrode plate nor the negative electrode plate is electrically connected to the battery can.
  • the technical idea of the invention abnormal heat generation due to an internal short circuit caused by an external foreign object such as a nail stick can be suppressed, and a highly safe battery can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cylindrical lithium ion battery has a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil, a positive electrode plate 1 coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector made of copper foil. Between the coated negative electrode plate 2 and between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2, there is provided an electrode group 4 wound with a separator 3 having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m disposed.
  • a positive electrode lead 5 is resistance-welded to the positive electrode current collector, and a negative electrode lead 6 is resistance-welded to the negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrode group 4 is housed in a battery can 7 together with the electrolytic solution.
  • An upper insulating plate 10a and a lower insulating plate 10b are disposed above and below the electrode group 4.
  • One end of the negative electrode lead 6 is resistance welded to the bottom of the battery can 7.
  • One end of the positive electrode lead 5 is laser welded to the metal filter 9.
  • the open end of the battery can 7 is sealed with a sealing plate 8 via a gasket 10c.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an electrode plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of the positive electrode plate 1a
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a plan view of the negative electrode plate 2a. is there.
  • the positive electrode plate 1a is provided with a positive electrode lead 5 at a position located on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 is formed in the collector exposed part to which the positive electrode active material layer on the positive electrode current collector is not applied.
  • the 1st electrical power collector exposure part 21 in which the positive electrode electrical power collector was exposed over the length of 1 round or more in the winding direction was provided in the outermost periphery edge part of the electrode group 4, and the 1st electrical power collector A first current collecting tab 11 is formed on the exposed portion 21.
  • the positive electrode plate 1 a is provided with a second current collector exposed portion 22 at a site away from the first current collector exposed portion 21, and the second current collector exposed portion 22 includes a second current collector exposed portion 22.
  • Current collecting tabs 12 are formed.
  • the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are connected outside the electrode group 4.
  • the connection method between the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 is not particularly limited.
  • the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are used.
  • One end of each can be connected via the metal filter 9 by laser welding to the metal filter 9. Moreover, you may weld the 1st current collection tab 11 and the 2nd current collection tab 12 directly.
  • the negative electrode plate 2a is provided with a negative electrode lead 6 at a position located on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
  • the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 include a positive electrode current collector existing between them and a positive electrode active material layer applied thereon. Separately, they are electrically connected via the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12.
  • the short circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current If there is no current collecting tab 12, it flows through the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer applied thereon. Therefore, if an internal short circuit occurs between the active material layers on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, a short circuit current flows through the short circuit portion, and heat is generated.
  • the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 are electrically connected via the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12.
  • the current can be diverted from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed portion 21 via the second current collecting tab 12. Therefore, even when a short-circuited part advances from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 due to an external foreign object such as a nail, it is generated on the inner peripheral side due to the shunt current shunting to the first current collector exposed portion 21.
  • the short circuit current which flows into the short circuit location through the positive electrode current collector can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress abnormal heat generation due to a short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the location and shape of the second current collector exposed portion 22, the second current collecting tab 12, and the positive electrode lead 5 are not particularly limited.
  • other embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1b in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the current collector is exposed over the length of one turn or more in the winding direction in the second current collector exposed portion 22.
  • the internal short circuit portion with low resistance is provided on the second current collector exposed portion 22 on the inner peripheral side. It can be provided in a distributed manner.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1c in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a third current collector exposed portion 23 is formed between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22, and the first current collector exposed portion 23 is formed.
  • the current collector exposed portion 23 of No. 3 the current collector is exposed over a length of one turn or more in the winding direction.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, that is, on the side opposite to the first current collector exposed portion 21.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be formed in any part of the positive electrode plate.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1d according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the inner peripheral side (central portion) of the positive electrode plate 1d. Further, the second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the positive electrode lead 5.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the positive electrode plate 1d, the current collection resistance of the positive electrode current collector is reduced, so that the output of the battery can be increased. Even for a battery with such a high output, if an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality, the safety of the battery can be ensured.
  • the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are connected to each other, so that a short-circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side is exposed from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed.
  • the second current collecting tab 12 may also be used as the positive electrode lead 5.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 and the first current collecting tab 11 may be directly connected outside the electrode group 4 or may be connected via a metal filter 9.
  • 6 to 9 are plan views schematically showing the configuration of the positive plates 1e to 1h according to other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 that also serves as the second current collecting tab 12 is provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 also serving as the current collecting tab 12 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
  • the 2nd collector exposed part 22 provided in the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the 1st collector exposed part 21 provided in the outermost periphery side are provided.
  • a third current collector exposed portion 23 is provided between the first and second current collector exposed portions 23.
  • the second current collector exposed portion 22 provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is exposed to the current collector over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction. is doing. With such a configuration, the number of parts and the number of process steps can be reduced.
  • the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are connected on the battery sealing plate 8 side, but may be connected on the bottom side of the battery can 7.
  • the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are formed in the same direction with respect to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis, and in the latter case, the first and second current collecting tabs are formed.
  • the electric tabs 11 and 12 are formed in the opposite direction to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis. In the latter case, it is preferable to insulate the first and second current collecting tabs connected to each other so as not to electrically interfere with the negative electrode lead 6.
  • 10 and 11 are plan views schematically showing the configuration of the positive plates 1i and 1j in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 is provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the second current collecting tab 12 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4. Further, in the positive electrode plate 1 j shown in FIG. 11, the positive electrode lead 5 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the second current collecting tab 12 is the first current collecting tab with respect to the positive electrode lead 5. 11 is provided on the opposite side.
  • the second current collector exposed portion 22 has an inner peripheral side when the distance between the inner peripheral side end portion to which the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode plate 1 is applied and the outer peripheral side end portion is L. It is preferably formed in a range of 3 / 4L or less from the end. Thereby, the effect of shunting the short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode current collector from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed portion 21 can be further enhanced.
  • the negative electrode plate 2 having the same polarity as that of the battery can 7 has a current collector exposed portion where the negative electrode current collector is exposed at a portion facing the first current collector exposed portion 21. preferable. Further, the negative electrode plate 2 has a current collector exposed portion where the negative electrode current collector is exposed at a portion facing the second current collector exposed portion 22 and / or the third current collector exposed portion 23. It is preferable. Thereby, the short circuit resistance which arises in the collector exposure part of the outermost peripheral side and the inner peripheral side can be made smaller.
  • the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are connected outside the electrode group 4 with respect to the battery can 7 and the positive polarity positive electrode plate 1, and are generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4. Providing a path for diverting the short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode current collector from the second current collector exposed portion to the first current collector exposed portion, and thereby locally at the short-circuited portion generated on the inner peripheral side The effect of suppressing the occurrence of abnormal heat was obtained. The same effect as this can be realized for the negative electrode plate 2 having the same polarity as the battery can 7.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the negative electrode plate 2b in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the negative electrode plate 2b in the present embodiment includes a current collector exposed portion 31 in which the negative electrode current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4. And a current collector exposed portion 32 where the negative electrode current collector is exposed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 is provided on the outermost current collector exposed portion 31, and the current collector tab 16 is provided on the innermost current collector exposed portion 32.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are connected to the battery can 7.
  • the current collector exposed portion 32 on the innermost peripheral side removes an external foreign matter such as the current collecting tab 16, battery can 7, and nail.
  • the current collector portion exposed portion 31 on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 is electrically connected.
  • the short-circuit current generated in the negative electrode plate 2 on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is a current collector connected to the battery can 7 separately from the path flowing between the negative electrode current collector and the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side.
  • a path can be provided for diverting to the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side through the tab 16 and the battery can 7.
  • the short-circuit current can be shunted to the short-circuit point having the lower resistance on the outermost circumference side at the same time as the short-circuit current flowing through the negative electrode current collector can be shunted. Even when a short circuit occurs on the inner peripheral side of 4, abnormal heat generation can be suppressed.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 is provided on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 and at the same time the current collecting tab 16 is provided at any location on the inner peripheral side. Even if there is no electrical connection due to an external foreign object such as a nail, since the electrical connection between the second current collecting tab 16, the battery can 7, and the negative electrode lead 6 is formed, the shunt current can be effectively shunted. Can be expressed.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the negative electrode plate 2c in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 that also serves as the current collecting tab 16 is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode plate 2.
  • the central portion refers to the inner peripheral side end portion when the distance between the inner peripheral end portion and the outer peripheral end portion is L in the region of the positive electrode 5 where the positive electrode mixture layer 14 is provided.
  • the distance from the outer peripheral side end to the outer peripheral side end is (2/3) L or less, and the distance from the outer peripheral side end to the inner peripheral side end is (2/3) L or less. Refers to the overlapping range.
  • the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 is electrically connected to the battery can 7 via the nail. Connected state. Accordingly, the short-circuit current generated in the negative electrode plate 2 on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is a current collector connected to the battery can 7 separately from the path flowing between the negative electrode current collector and the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side. A path for diverting to the short-circuit point on the outermost peripheral side can be provided via the negative electrode lead 6 also serving as the tab 16.
  • the short circuit current flowing through the negative electrode current collector can be shunted, and at the same time, the short circuit current can be shunted to a short circuit point having a low resistance on the outermost peripheral side.
  • the positive electrode plate 1 includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides specifically, lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate, lithium manganate, and modified products thereof can be used.
  • the conductive agent natural graphite or artificial graphite graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black and ketjen black can be used.
  • the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or the like can be used.
  • a metal foil containing aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium, or the like, a perforated body, or the like can be used.
  • the positive electrode active material layer can be applied, for example, by applying a positive electrode mixture slurry on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, drying, and rolling.
  • the positive electrode mixture slurry can be prepared by, for example, dissolving or dispersing a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent and the like in an organic solvent or water.
  • the organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or the like can be used.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is applied to both surfaces or one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • An uncoated portion (current collector exposed portion) is provided at a desired position of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode plate 1 is welded to the positive electrode lead 5, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12. Is produced.
  • the positive electrode lead 5, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12 are made of aluminum or the like.
  • the negative electrode plate 2 includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • a carbon material an element that can be alloyed with lithium, a silicon compound, a tin compound, lithium metal, an alloy, or the like can be used.
  • the carbon material include natural graphite, artificial graphite, and hard carbon.
  • Elements that can be alloyed with lithium include Al, Si, Zn, Ge, Cd, Sn, Ti, and Pb.
  • the binder polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber (BM-500B) containing an acrylic acid monomer, or the like can be used.
  • BM-500B polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber
  • the conductive agent the same conductive agent as that contained in the positive electrode active material layer can be used.
  • the thickener carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, and the like can be used.
  • a metal foil such as stainless steel, nickel, copper, or a perforated body can be used.
  • the negative electrode active material layer can be formed, for example, by applying a negative electrode mixture slurry to the surface of the negative electrode current collector, drying, and rolling.
  • the negative electrode mixture slurry can be prepared, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a negative electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent, a thickener and the like in an organic solvent or water. NMP etc. can be used for an organic solvent.
  • An uncoated part (current collector exposed part) is provided at a desired location of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are welded to produce the negative electrode plate 2.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 can be made of nickel, nickel alloy, copper, copper coated with nickel, or the like.
  • the electrode group 4 is configured by winding the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 through the separator 3 so that the positive electrode lead 5 and the negative electrode lead 6 are taken out from opposite directions.
  • the electrode group 4 is inserted into the battery can 7, and the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are welded to the bottomed portion of the battery can 7.
  • a microporous thin film, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or the like is used.
  • polyolefin such as polypropylene and polyethylene is used.
  • the nonaqueous electrolytic solution can be obtained by dissolving an electrolyte (for example, a lithium salt) in a nonaqueous solvent.
  • an electrolyte for example, a lithium salt
  • a nonaqueous solvent cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, cyclic carboxylic acid esters and the like are used.
  • electrolyte LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6, or the like is used.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 taken out from the opening of the battery can 7 is welded to the metal filter 9 of the sealing plate 8.
  • the first current collection tab 11 and the second current collection tab 12 are taken out in the same direction with respect to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis, the first current collection tab 11 and the second current collection tab
  • the tab 12 is welded directly or to the metal filter 9.
  • the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are taken out opposite to the positive electrode lead 5 with respect to the winding direction, before the electrode group 4 is inserted into the battery can 7, The first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are welded and electrically connected. After injecting the non-aqueous electrolyte from the open part of the battery can 7, the opening of the battery can 7 is sealed through the gasket 10c, thereby producing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
  • a cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery was produced according to the following procedure.
  • Example 1 Production of positive electrode plate 100 parts by mass of lithium cobaltate powder as a positive electrode active material, 3 parts by mass of acetylene black as a conductive agent, and 4 masses as a binder in a solvent of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) A solution containing a portion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was mixed to obtain a paste containing a positive electrode mixture. This paste was applied to both sides of a 15 ⁇ m thick aluminum foil current collector, dried and then rolled to a thickness of 172 ⁇ m.
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
  • the first current collector exposed portion 21 was formed on both outermost surfaces of the electrode group so that the aluminum foil was exposed with a length corresponding to one turn in the winding direction. Moreover, the 2nd collector exposed part 22 which the aluminum foil exposed was formed in both surfaces of the center part which connects the innermost periphery side and outermost periphery side of an electrode group. This was cut into dimensions of 58 mm in width and 630 mm in length to produce a positive electrode plate.
  • One end of the first current collector tab 11 and the second current collector tab 12 made of aluminum is connected to each of the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 of the positive electrode plate. did.
  • a location where the aluminum foil was exposed was provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and one end of the aluminum positive electrode lead 5 was connected to the location to obtain a positive electrode plate 1 a as shown in FIG.
  • negative electrode plate As a negative electrode mixture, 100 parts by mass of artificial graphite powder, 1 part by mass of a 40% by mass aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene rubber particles, 1 part by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose, and an appropriate amount of water. A slurry-like negative electrode mixture was prepared by mixing and stirring. This negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both sides of a copper foil current collector having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m, dried, and then rolled to a thickness of 174 ⁇ m.
  • a current collector exposed portion 31 in which the copper foil current collector is exposed is formed on both surfaces of the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group with a length that is equal to or longer than the first current collector exposed portion 21 of the aluminum foil current collector. . This was cut into a size of 59 mm in width and 685 mm in length to produce a negative electrode plate 2.
  • One end of a negative electrode lead 6 made of nickel was connected to the current collector exposed portion 31 formed on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 to obtain a negative electrode plate 2a.
  • non-aqueous electrolyte 1 part by weight of vinylene carbonate is added to 99 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1.
  • Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) was dissolved at a concentration of 0 mol / L to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
  • a separator made of a polyethylene microporous film having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was placed between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 and wound to produce a cylindrical electrode group 4.
  • the negative electrode lead 6 was welded to the battery can 7 and inserted.
  • the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 were connected by resistance welding.
  • the positive electrode lead 5 was welded to the metal filter 9 of the sealing plate 8.
  • 5 g of non-aqueous electrolyte was injected into the battery can 7.
  • the opening of the battery can 7 was sealed with the sealing plate 8 through the gasket 10c, and the battery A was completed.
  • the obtained cylindrical battery had a diameter of 18.2 mm, a height of 65 mm, and a battery capacity of 2860 mAh.
  • the battery B is formed in the same manner as the battery A except that the second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed to have a length of one turn in the winding direction to obtain the positive electrode plate 1b as shown in FIG. Was made.
  • the battery capacity of the battery B was 2750 mAh.
  • Example 3 A battery C is formed in the same manner as the battery A except that the positive electrode lead 5 also serving as the second current collecting tab 12 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 to obtain the positive electrode plate 1f as shown in FIG. Produced.
  • the battery capacity of the battery C was 2860 mAh.
  • Example 4 A third current collector in which the aluminum foil current collector is exposed on one side so as to have a length of one turn in the winding direction between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22.
  • a battery D was fabricated in the same manner as the battery C, except that the electric conductor exposed portion 23 was formed to obtain the positive electrode plate 1g as shown in FIG.
  • the battery capacity of the battery D was 2740 mAh.
  • Example 5 As shown in FIG. 12, a current collector exposed portion 32 where the copper foil current collector is exposed is formed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4 of the negative electrode plate, and a nickel current collecting tab 16 is connected to the exposed portion.
  • a negative electrode 2b was prepared, and a battery E was prepared in the same manner as the battery C, except that the current collecting tab 16 was connected to the battery can 7.
  • the battery capacity of the battery E was 2860 mAh.
  • the second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed so as to have a length of one turn in the winding direction to produce a positive electrode plate 1h as shown in FIG.
  • a battery F was produced in the same manner as the battery E, except that the exposed portion of the copper foil current collector was formed on the opposing negative electrode plate to obtain the negative electrode plate 2.
  • the battery capacity of the battery F was 2640 mAh.
  • a battery X was produced in the same manner as the battery A, except that the second current collector exposed portion 22, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12 were not formed.
  • the battery capacity of the battery X was 2860 mAh.
  • a battery Y was produced in the same manner as the battery C, except that the first current collecting tab 11 was not formed on the first current collector exposed portion 21.
  • the battery capacity of the battery Y was 2860 mAh.
  • Constant current charging current value 0.5C / end-of-charge voltage 4.3V
  • Constant voltage charge Voltage value 4.3V / Charge end current 100mA
  • Comparative Examples 1 and 2 a lot of abnormal overheating occurred.
  • Comparative Example 1 although a short-circuit between the current collectors occurred on the outer peripheral side, safety was low because a shunting effect of the short-circuit current to the outer peripheral side did not occur.
  • non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries A to F of Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are compared with the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries X to Y of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 to the inside due to an external foreign matter such as nail penetration. It was found that the safety against short circuit is high.
  • the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the wound electrode group has been described.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has various forms.
  • a prismatic battery including a wound electrode group a prismatic battery including a wound flat electrode group, a laminate film battery in which the stacked electrode group is accommodated in a laminate film, and a stacked electrode group There are square batteries.
  • the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention is useful as a power source for portable electronic devices, a power source for driving electric tools, electric vehicles, and the like.

Abstract

In a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell of the present invention, an electrode group (4) on which are wound a positive electrode plate (1) and a negative electrode plate (2), obtained by coating a collector with an active substance layer, with a separator (3) therebetween, is housed in a cell casing (7). Of the positive electrode plate and the negative pole plate, the pole plate that is of the opposite polarity of the cell casing has at the outermost circumference of the electrode group a first collector exposed part (21) in which a collector of at least once winding is exposed, and a second collector exposed part (22) formed at a portion separated from the first collector exposed part. A first collector tab (11) is disposed in the first collector exposed part, and a second collector tab (12) is provided to the second collector exposed part. The first and second collector tabs are connected outside the electrode group.

Description

非水電解質二次電池Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
　本発明は、非水電解質二次電池の極板構造に関する。 The present invention relates to an electrode plate structure of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
　近年、ノート型パーソナルコンピュータ、携帯電話等のポータブル機器の普及により、その電源である電池の需要が高まっている。特に、小型かつ軽量で、エネルギー密度が高く、繰り返し充放電が可能な二次電池の需要が高まっている。また、最近では、電動工具、ハイブリッドカー、電気自動車などの駆動用電源としての新しい需要が増加しつつある。 In recent years, with the spread of portable devices such as notebook personal computers and mobile phones, the demand for batteries as power sources is increasing. In particular, there is an increasing demand for secondary batteries that are small and lightweight, have high energy density, and can be repeatedly charged and discharged. Recently, new demand for power sources for driving electric tools, hybrid cars, electric vehicles and the like is increasing.
　このような需要に対して、リチウムイオン二次電池に代表される非水電解質二次電池の研究開発が活発に行われている。非水電解質二次電池は、機器の高性能化及び高出力化に伴って、より大きなエネルギーを保有するようになっている。そのため、異常時に発生する熱量も大きなものとなっている。 In response to such demand, research and development of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries represented by lithium ion secondary batteries are being actively conducted. Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries have more energy as the performance of devices increases and the output increases. Therefore, the amount of heat generated at the time of abnormality is also large.
　電池の異常な発熱とは、例えば、電池の内部短絡または過充電時の発熱である。特に、釘刺し等の外部異物によって電池缶及び電極群が変形して、内部短絡が生じた場合、正極活物質に短絡電流が流れることによって発生する熱量が大きくなるため、電池の安全性が問題になる。 The abnormal heat generation of the battery is, for example, heat generation during internal short circuit or overcharge of the battery. In particular, when the battery can and the electrode group are deformed by an external foreign object such as a nail stab and an internal short circuit occurs, the amount of heat generated by the short circuit current flowing through the positive electrode active material increases, so the safety of the battery is a problem. become.
　このような内部短絡に対して、特許文献１または２には、捲回された電極群が電池缶に収容された非水電解質二次電池において、正極の集電体露出部、及びそれに対向して配置された負極の集電体露出部を、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって形成することが記載されている。特に、当該集電体露出部を、電極群の最外周側に形成することによって、釘刺し等による内部短絡が発生しても、最外周側に設けられた正極及び負極の集電体露出部同士の短絡の方が、内周側の活物質同士の短絡よりも抵抗が小さいため、集電体露出部同士の短絡箇所に、集中的に短絡電流が流れる。その結果、電池の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。 For such an internal short circuit, Patent Document 1 or 2 discloses that in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which a wound electrode group is accommodated in a battery can, the current collector exposed portion of the positive electrode is opposed to it. It is described that the current collector exposed portion of the negative electrode arranged in the above manner is formed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction. In particular, by forming the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, even if an internal short circuit occurs due to nail penetration or the like, the current collector exposed portion of the positive electrode and the negative electrode provided on the outermost peripheral side Since the short circuit between the two has a smaller resistance than the short circuit between the active materials on the inner peripheral side, a short circuit current flows intensively at the short circuit portion between the current collector exposed portions. As a result, a rapid temperature rise of the battery can be suppressed.
特開平０８－１５３５４２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-153542 特開平０９－１８０７６１号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-180761
　電極群の外周側で集電体露出部同士の短絡が生じた場合でも、電極群の内周側の活物質は電位、即ち電気エネルギーを有しているため、正極及び負極の集電体を通じて、内周側から、外周側の短絡箇所に向かう方向に短絡電流が生じる。そのとき、電極群の内周側で生じた活物質同士の短絡箇所にも、集電体を通じて流れる短絡電流が流れ込むため、内周側でも、局所的な熱が生じる。特に、非水電解質二次電池の高容量化、高出力化が進むと、短絡電流も増大するため、従来の対策のみでは、十分に電池の安全性を確保することが難しい。 Even when the current collector exposed portions are short-circuited on the outer peripheral side of the electrode group, the active material on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group has electric potential, that is, electric energy. A short-circuit current is generated in a direction from the inner peripheral side to the short-circuited portion on the outer peripheral side. At that time, since a short-circuit current flowing through the current collector flows also into a short-circuit portion between the active materials generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group, local heat is also generated on the inner peripheral side. In particular, as the capacity and output of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries increase, the short-circuit current also increases. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure sufficient battery safety with only conventional measures.
　本発明は、かかる課題に鑑みなされたもので、その主な目的は、異常時に電池内で内部短絡が生じた場合でも、安全性の高い非水電解質二次電池を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its main object is to provide a highly safe non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery even when an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality.
　上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、捲回された電極群を備えた非水電解質二次電池において、電極群の最外周側に１周以上の集電体露出部を設けるとともに、それとは別の部位に、他の集電体露出部を設け、この２つの集電体露出部を、各集電体露出部にそれぞれ接続された２つの集電タブを介して電気的に接続した構成を採用する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a wound electrode group, and provides a current collector exposed portion of one or more rounds on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, Another current collector exposed portion is provided in a different part, and the two current collector exposed portions are electrically connected through two current collecting tabs connected to the respective current collector exposed portions. Adopted the configuration.
　すなわち、本発明に係る発明は、正極集電体上に正極活物質層が塗着された正極板と、負極集電体上に負極活物質層が塗着された負極板と、正極板及び負極板がセパレータを介して捲回された電極群と、電極群が収容された電池缶とを備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、正極板及び負極板のうち、電池缶と異極性の極板は、電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した第１の集電体露出部と、第１の集電体露出部と離れた部位に形成された第２の集電体露出部とを有し、第１の集電体露出部に第１の集電タブが設けられ、第２の集電体露出部に第２の集電タブが設けられ、かつ、第１の集電タブ及び第２の集電タブは、電極群外で接続されていることを特徴とする。 That is, the invention according to the present invention includes a positive electrode plate coated with a positive electrode active material layer on a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode plate coated with a negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode current collector, a positive electrode plate, A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising an electrode group in which a negative electrode plate is wound through a separator, and a battery can in which the electrode group is accommodated, and of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the battery can have a different polarity The electrode plate is separated from the first current collector exposed portion and the first current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group. And a second current collector exposed portion formed at the portion, a first current collector exposed portion is provided with a first current collecting tab, and a second current collector exposed portion is provided with a second current collector tab. A current collecting tab is provided, and the first current collecting tab and the second current collecting tab are connected outside the electrode group.
　このような構成により、釘等の外部異物によって電池缶に応力が加わって、電極群に内部短絡が生じても、最外周側の第１の集電体露出部で、抵抗の小さな内部短絡を発生させるとともに、内周側で発生した短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部から、第１及び第２の集電タブを介して、第１の集電体露出部に分流することができる。これにより、異常時に電池内で内部短絡が生じた場合でも、安全性の高い非水電解質二次電池を提供することができる。 With such a configuration, even if stress is applied to the battery can by an external foreign object such as a nail and an internal short circuit occurs in the electrode group, an internal short circuit having a small resistance is caused at the first current collector exposed portion on the outermost periphery side. And generating a short-circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side from the second current collector exposed portion to the first current collector exposed portion via the first and second current collecting tabs. it can. Thereby, even when an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality, a highly safe non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided.
　本発明によれば、異常時に電池内で内部短絡が生じた場合でも、安全性の高い非水電解質二次電池を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a highly safe non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided even when an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality.
本発明の一実施形態における円筒型リチウムイオン電池の構成を模式的に示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed typically the structure of the cylindrical lithium ion battery in one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態における極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図で、図２（ａ）は正極板の平面図、図２（ｂ）は負極板の平面図である。FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of an electrode plate in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2A is a plan view of a positive electrode plate, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of a negative electrode plate. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における正極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the positive electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における負極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the negative electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態における負極板の構成を模式的に示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed typically the structure of the negative electrode plate in other embodiment of this invention.
　本発明は、正極集電体上に正極活物質層が塗着された正極板と、負極集電体上に負極活物質層が塗着された負極板と、正極板及び負極板がセパレータを介して捲回された電極群と、電極群が収容された電池缶とを備えた非水電解質二次電池に関する。正極板及び負極板のうち、電池缶と異極性の極板は、電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した第１の集電体露出部と、第１の集電体露出部と離れた部位に形成された第２の集電体露出部とを有し、第１の集電体露出部に第１の集電タブが設けられ、第２の集電体露出部に第２の集電タブが設けられ、かつ、第１の集電タブ及び第２の集電タブは、電極群外で接続されている。 The present invention provides a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode active material layer coated on a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode current collector coated with a negative electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate having separators. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including an electrode group wound through a battery can and a battery can in which the electrode group is accommodated. Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having a polarity different from that of the battery can is the first current collector exposure in which the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group. And a second current collector exposed portion formed at a location away from the first current collector exposed portion, and the first current collector exposed portion is provided with a first current collecting tab. The second current collector exposed portion is provided with a second current collector tab, and the first current collector tab and the second current collector tab are connected outside the electrode group.
　釘等の外部異物によって、電池缶に応力が加わって、電極群に内部短絡が生じたとき、電極群の最外周側に設けられた第１の集電体露出部と、それに対向する極板との間で、抵抗の小さい内部短絡が発生する。このとき、第１の集電体露出部と第２の集電体露出部とは、第１の集電タブと第２の集電タブとによって、電極群外で接続されているため、電極群の内周側で発生した集電体を流れる短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部から、第１の集電タブ及び第２の集電タブを介して、第１の集電体露出部に分流することができる。これにより、電極群の内周側で活物質層同士の内部短絡が発生しても、当該短絡箇所に、集電体を通じて流れ込む短絡電流を抑制することができる。その結果、活物質層を流れる短絡電流による異常発熱を抑制することが可能となる。 When the battery can is stressed by an external foreign object such as a nail and an internal short circuit occurs in the electrode group, the first current collector exposed portion provided on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group and the electrode plate opposed thereto An internal short circuit with a low resistance occurs between At this time, the first current collector exposed portion and the second current collector exposed portion are connected outside the electrode group by the first current collecting tab and the second current collecting tab. The short-circuit current flowing through the current collector generated on the inner peripheral side of the group is supplied to the first current collector from the second current collector exposed portion via the first current collector tab and the second current collector tab. It can be diverted to the exposed part. Thereby, even if the internal short circuit of active material layers generate | occur | produces on the inner peripheral side of an electrode group, the short circuit current which flows into the said short circuit location through a collector can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress abnormal heat generation due to a short-circuit current flowing through the active material layer.
　一方、上記のような分流経路が設けられていないと、内周側から集電体を通じて第１の集電体露出部の短絡箇所に流れる短絡電流が、内周側で発生した活物質層同士の短絡箇所に流れ込むのを回避することができない。その結果、内周側で発生した短絡箇所において、局所的な異常発熱の発生を抑制することが困難になる。 On the other hand, if the shunt path as described above is not provided, the short-circuit current flowing from the inner peripheral side to the short-circuited portion of the first current collector exposed portion through the current collector is generated between the active material layers generated on the inner peripheral side. It cannot be avoided that it flows into the short-circuited area. As a result, it becomes difficult to suppress the occurrence of local abnormal heat generation at the short-circuited portion occurring on the inner peripheral side.
　本発明において、第２の集電体露出部は、極板の活物質層が塗着された内周側端部と外周側端部との距離をＬとしたとき、内周側端部から３／４Ｌ以下の範囲に形成されていることが好ましい。これにより、集電体を流れる短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部から第１の集電体露出部に分流する効果をより高めることがでる。 In the present invention, when the distance between the inner peripheral side end and the outer peripheral side end where the active material layer of the electrode plate is applied is L, the second current collector exposed portion is from the inner peripheral side end. It is preferably formed in a range of 3 / 4L or less. Thereby, the effect which shunts the short circuit current which flows through a current collector from the 2nd current collector exposure part to the 1st current collector exposure part can be raised more.
　本発明において、極板に電池外部へ出力するためのリードを設け、第２の集電体露出部を第１の集電体露出部とリードとの間に形成することが好ましい。また、リードは、電極群の最内周側に設けられていることが好ましい。これにより、集電体を流れる短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部から第１の集電体露出部に分流する効果をより高めることができる。 In the present invention, it is preferable that a lead for outputting to the outside of the battery is provided on the electrode plate, and the second current collector exposed portion is formed between the first current collector exposed portion and the lead. The lead is preferably provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group. Thereby, the effect which shunts the short circuit current which flows through a current collector from the 2nd current collector exposure part to the 1st current collector exposure part can be heightened more.
　本発明において、第２の集電体露出部は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出しているのが好ましい。また、第２の集電体露出部は、集電体の両面が露出していてもよい。これにより、最外周側の第１の集電体露出部で発生した抵抗の低い内部短絡に加えて、内周側の第２の集電体露出部に、抵抗の低い内部短絡箇所を分散して設けることができる。 In the present invention, it is preferable that the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction in the second current collector exposed portion. Moreover, both surfaces of the current collector may be exposed in the second current collector exposed portion. Thereby, in addition to the internal short circuit with low resistance generated in the first current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, the internal short circuit portion with low resistance is dispersed in the second current collector exposed portion on the inner peripheral side. Can be provided.
　本発明において、第１の集電体露出部は、集電体の両面が露出していてもよい。これにより、最外周側の集電体露出部で生じる短絡抵抗をより小さくすることができる。 In the present invention, both surfaces of the current collector may be exposed in the first current collector exposed portion. Thereby, the short circuit resistance which arises in the outermost collector exposed part can be made smaller.
　本発明において、極板は、第１の集電体露出部と第２の集電体露出部との間に、第３の集電体露出部が形成され、第３の集電体露出部は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出していることが好ましい。これにより、最外周側の第１の集電体露出部で発生した抵抗の低い内部短絡に加えて、内周側の第３の集電体露出部に、抵抗の低い内部短絡箇所を分散して設けることができる。 In the present invention, the electrode plate is formed with a third current collector exposed portion between the first current collector exposed portion and the second current collector exposed portion, and the third current collector exposed portion. The current collector is preferably exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction. As a result, in addition to the internal short circuit having a low resistance generated in the first current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, the internal short circuit portion having a low resistance is dispersed in the third current collector exposed portion on the inner peripheral side. Can be provided.
　本発明において、正極板及び負極板のうち、電池缶と同極性の極板は、第１の集電体露出部と対向する部位に、集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されていることが好ましい。また、電池缶と同極性の極板は、第２の集電体露出部、または／及び第３の集電体露出部と対向する部位に、集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されていることが好ましい。これにより、最外周側及び内周側の集電体露出部で生じる短絡抵抗をより小さくすることができる。 In the present invention, of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can is formed with a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the first current collector exposed portion. It is preferable. Further, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can has a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the second current collector exposed portion and / or the third current collector exposed portion. Preferably it is formed. Thereby, the short circuit resistance which arises in the collector exposure part of the outermost peripheral side and the inner peripheral side can be made smaller.
　本発明において、正極板及び負極板のうち、電池缶と同極性の極板は、電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した集電体露出部と、該集電体露出部と離れた部位に形成された他の集電体露出部とを有し、最外周側の集電体露出部にリードが設けられ、他の集電体露出部に集電タブが設けられ、かつ、リード及び集電タブは、電池缶に接続されていることが好ましい。これにより、集電体を流れる短絡電流を、集電体露出部から、集電タブ及び電池缶を介して、最外周側の集電体露出部に分流することができる。 In the present invention, of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can is the current collector in which the current collector is exposed over the length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group. An exposed portion and another collector exposed portion formed at a position away from the current collector exposed portion, and a lead is provided on the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, and the other current collector It is preferable that a current collecting tab is provided in the exposed portion, and the lead and the current collecting tab are connected to the battery can. Thereby, the short circuit current which flows through a current collector can be shunted from a current collector exposure part to a current collector exposure part of the outermost circumference side via a current collection tab and a battery can.
　本発明において、電池缶が、例えばラミネートフィルムのような絶縁材料から構成され、正極板及び負極板のどちらとも、電池缶に電気的に接続されていない非水電解質二次電池の場合でも、本発明の技術的思想を用いることで、釘刺しなどの外部異物に起因した内部短絡による異常発熱を抑制し、安全性の高い電池を提供することができる。 In the present invention, even in the case of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the battery can is composed of an insulating material such as a laminate film and neither the positive electrode plate nor the negative electrode plate is electrically connected to the battery can. By using the technical idea of the invention, abnormal heat generation due to an internal short circuit caused by an external foreign object such as a nail stick can be suppressed, and a highly safe battery can be provided.
　以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。また、本発明の効果を奏する範囲を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更は可能である。さらに、他の実施形態との組み合わせも可能である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment. Moreover, it can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the range which has the effect of this invention. Furthermore, combinations with other embodiments are possible.
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態における円筒型リチウムイオン電池の構成を模式的に示した断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
　図１において、円筒型リチウムイオン電池は、アルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体に、正極活物質層が塗着された正極板１と、銅箔からなる負極集電体に、負極活物質層が塗着された負極板２と、正極板１と負極板２との間に、厚み１６μｍのセパレータ３を配置して捲回された電極群４を備えている。正極集電体には、正極リード５が抵抗溶接され、負極集電体には、負極リード６が抵抗溶接されている。電極群４は、電解液とともに、電池缶７に収納されている。電極群４の上部及び下部には、上部絶縁板１０ａ及び下部絶縁板１０ｂが配置されている。負極リード６の一端は、電池缶７の底部と抵抗溶接されている。正極リード５の一端は、金属製フィルター９にレーザ溶接されている。電池缶７の開口端は、ガスケット１０ｃを介して、封口板８で封口されている。 In FIG. 1, a cylindrical lithium ion battery has a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil, a positive electrode plate 1 coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector made of copper foil. Between the coated negative electrode plate 2 and between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2, there is provided an electrode group 4 wound with a separator 3 having a thickness of 16 μm disposed. A positive electrode lead 5 is resistance-welded to the positive electrode current collector, and a negative electrode lead 6 is resistance-welded to the negative electrode current collector. The electrode group 4 is housed in a battery can 7 together with the electrolytic solution. An upper insulating plate 10a and a lower insulating plate 10b are disposed above and below the electrode group 4. One end of the negative electrode lead 6 is resistance welded to the bottom of the battery can 7. One end of the positive electrode lead 5 is laser welded to the metal filter 9. The open end of the battery can 7 is sealed with a sealing plate 8 via a gasket 10c.
　図２は、本発明の一実施形態における極板の構成を模式的に示した図で、図２（ａ）は正極板１ａの平面図、図２（ｂ）は負極板２ａの平面図である。 FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an electrode plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of the positive electrode plate 1a, and FIG. 2 (b) is a plan view of the negative electrode plate 2a. is there.
　図２（ａ）に示すように、正極板１ａには、電極群４の最内周側に位置する箇所に正極リード５が設けられている。なお、正極リード５は、正極集電体上の正極活物質層が塗着されていない集電体露出部に形成される。また、電極群４の最外周端部には、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって正極集電体が露出した第１の集電体露出部２１が設けられ、第１の集電体露出部２１には、第１の集電タブ１１が形成されている。さらに、正極板１ａには、第１の集電体露出部２１と離れた部位に、第２の集電体露出部２２が設けられ、第２の集電体露出部２２には、第２の集電タブ１２が形成されている。第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２は、電極群４外で接続されている。第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２との接続方法は、特に制限されないが、例えば、図１に示すように、第１の集電タブ１１及び第２の集電タブ１２の一端を、それぞれ、金属製フィルター９にレーザ溶接することによって、金属製フィルター９を介して接続することができる。また、第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２とを、直接、溶接してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the positive electrode plate 1a is provided with a positive electrode lead 5 at a position located on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4. In addition, the positive electrode lead 5 is formed in the collector exposed part to which the positive electrode active material layer on the positive electrode current collector is not applied. Moreover, the 1st electrical power collector exposure part 21 in which the positive electrode electrical power collector was exposed over the length of 1 round or more in the winding direction was provided in the outermost periphery edge part of the electrode group 4, and the 1st electrical power collector A first current collecting tab 11 is formed on the exposed portion 21. Further, the positive electrode plate 1 a is provided with a second current collector exposed portion 22 at a site away from the first current collector exposed portion 21, and the second current collector exposed portion 22 includes a second current collector exposed portion 22. Current collecting tabs 12 are formed. The first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are connected outside the electrode group 4. The connection method between the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are used. One end of each can be connected via the metal filter 9 by laser welding to the metal filter 9. Moreover, you may weld the 1st current collection tab 11 and the 2nd current collection tab 12 directly.
　図２（ｂ）に示すように、負極板２ａには、電極群４の最外周側に位置する箇所に負極リード６が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the negative electrode plate 2a is provided with a negative electrode lead 6 at a position located on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4.
　本実施形態において、第１の集電体露出部２１と第２の集電体露出部２２とは、それらの間に存在する正極集電体やその上に塗着された正極活物質層とは別に、第１の集電タブ１１及び第２の集電タブ１２を介して、電気的に接続されている。 In the present embodiment, the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 include a positive electrode current collector existing between them and a positive electrode active material layer applied thereon. Separately, they are electrically connected via the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12.
　電極群４の最外周側にある第１の集電体露出部２１で内部短絡が生じた場合、電極群４の内周側で生じる短絡電流は、第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２がないと、正極集電体とその上に塗着された正極活物質層を流れる。そのため、電極群４の内周側の活物質層同士でも内部短絡が生じると、その短絡箇所に短絡電流が流れて発熱が生じる。 When an internal short circuit occurs in the first current collector exposed portion 21 on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, the short circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current If there is no current collecting tab 12, it flows through the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer applied thereon. Therefore, if an internal short circuit occurs between the active material layers on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, a short circuit current flows through the short circuit portion, and heat is generated.
　これに対して、第１の集電体露出部２１と第２の集電体露出部２２とが、第１の集電タブ１１及び第２の集電タブ１２を介して、電気的に接続されていると、電極群４の内周側で生じた短絡電流を、正極集電体とその上に塗着された正極活物質層に流れるのとは別に、第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２を介して、第２の集電体露出部２２から第１の集電体露出部２１へ分流することができる。そのため、釘等の外部異物により電極群４の外周側から内周側へ、短絡箇所が進行する場合でも、第１の集電体露出部２１への短絡電流の分流により、内周側で発生した短絡箇所に、正極集電体を通じて流れ込む短絡電流を抑制することができる。その結果、正極活物質層を流れる短絡電流による異常発熱を抑制することが可能となる。 On the other hand, the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 are electrically connected via the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12. In addition to flowing the short-circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 to the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer applied thereon, The current can be diverted from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed portion 21 via the second current collecting tab 12. Therefore, even when a short-circuited part advances from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 due to an external foreign object such as a nail, it is generated on the inner peripheral side due to the shunt current shunting to the first current collector exposed portion 21. The short circuit current which flows into the short circuit location through the positive electrode current collector can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress abnormal heat generation due to a short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode active material layer.
　本発明において、第２の集電体露出部２２、第２の集電タブ１２、及び正極リード５の配置場所や形状等は、特に制限されない。以下、本発明における他の実施形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。 In the present invention, the location and shape of the second current collector exposed portion 22, the second current collecting tab 12, and the positive electrode lead 5 are not particularly limited. Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図３は、本発明の他の実施形態における正極板１ｂの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1b in another embodiment of the present invention.
　図３に示すように、本実施形態では、第２の集電体露出部２２は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出している。これにより、最外周側の第１の集電体露出部２１で発生した抵抗の低い内部短絡に加えて、内周側の第２の集電体露出部２２に、抵抗の低い内部短絡箇所を分散して設けることができる。 As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the current collector is exposed over the length of one turn or more in the winding direction in the second current collector exposed portion 22. Thereby, in addition to the internal short circuit with low resistance generated in the first current collector exposed portion 21 on the outermost peripheral side, the internal short circuit portion with low resistance is provided on the second current collector exposed portion 22 on the inner peripheral side. It can be provided in a distributed manner.
　図４は、本発明の他の実施形態における正極板１ｃの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1c in another embodiment of the present invention.
　図４に示すように、本実施形態では、第１の集電体露出部２１と第２の集電体露出部２２との間に、第３の集電体露出部２３が形成され、第３の集電体露出部２３は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出している。これにより、最外周側の第１の集電体露出部で発生した抵抗の低い内部短絡に加えて、内周側の第３の集電体露出部に、抵抗の低い内部短絡箇所を分散して設けることができる。 As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, a third current collector exposed portion 23 is formed between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22, and the first current collector exposed portion 23 is formed. In the current collector exposed portion 23 of No. 3, the current collector is exposed over a length of one turn or more in the winding direction. As a result, in addition to the internal short circuit having a low resistance generated in the first current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side, the internal short circuit portion having a low resistance is dispersed in the third current collector exposed portion on the inner peripheral side. Can be provided.
　図２～図４に示した正極板１ａ、１ｂ、１ｃでは、正極リード５が、電極群４の最内周側、すなわち、第１の集電体露出部２１と反対側の部位に形成されているが、これに限定されず、正極板のいずれの部位に形成されていてもよい。 In the positive electrode plates 1a, 1b, and 1c shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, that is, on the side opposite to the first current collector exposed portion 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be formed in any part of the positive electrode plate.
　図５は、本発明の他の実施形態における正極板１ｄの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the positive electrode plate 1d according to another embodiment of the present invention.
　図５に示すように、本実施形態では、正極リード５は、正極板１ｄの内周側（中央部）に形成されている。また、第２の集電体露出部２２は、第１の集電体露出部２１と正極リード５との間に形成されている。正極リード５を、正極板１ｄの内周側に形成した場合、正極集電体の集電抵抗が低減されるため、電池の高出力化が図られる。このような高出力を図った電池に対しても、異常時に電池内で内部短絡が生じた場合、電池の安全性を確保することができる。 As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the inner peripheral side (central portion) of the positive electrode plate 1d. Further, the second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the positive electrode lead 5. When the positive electrode lead 5 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the positive electrode plate 1d, the current collection resistance of the positive electrode current collector is reduced, so that the output of the battery can be increased. Even for a battery with such a high output, if an internal short circuit occurs in the battery at the time of abnormality, the safety of the battery can be ensured.
　本発明では、第１及び第２の集電タブ１１、１２を互いに接続することによって、内周側で発生した短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部２２から第１の集電体露出部に分流する経路を設けているが、第２の集電タブ１２を、正極リード５と兼用してもよい。この場合、正極リード５及び第１の集電タブ１１は、電極群４外で直接接続しても、あるいは、金属製フィルター９を介して接続してもよい。 In the present invention, the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are connected to each other, so that a short-circuit current generated on the inner peripheral side is exposed from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed. However, the second current collecting tab 12 may also be used as the positive electrode lead 5. In this case, the positive electrode lead 5 and the first current collecting tab 11 may be directly connected outside the electrode group 4 or may be connected via a metal filter 9.
　図６～図９は、本発明の他の実施形態における正極板１ｅ～１ｈの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 6 to 9 are plan views schematically showing the configuration of the positive plates 1e to 1h according to other embodiments of the present invention.
　図６に示した正極板１ｅでは、第２の集電タブ１２を兼ねる正極リード５が、電極群４の最内周側に設けられており、図７に示した正極板１ｆでは、第２の集電タブ１２を兼ねる正極リード５が、電極群４の内周側に設けられている。また、図８に示した正極板１ｇでは、電極群４の内周側に設けらた第２の集電体露出部２２と、最外周側に設けられた第１の集電体露出部２１との間に、第３の集電体露出部２３を設けている。また、図９に示した正極板１ｈでは、電極群４の内周側に設けらた第２の集電体露出部２２は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出している。このような構成により、部品点数やプロセス工数を減らすことができる。 In the positive electrode plate 1e shown in FIG. 6, the positive electrode lead 5 that also serves as the second current collecting tab 12 is provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4. In the positive electrode plate 1f shown in FIG. The positive electrode lead 5 also serving as the current collecting tab 12 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4. Moreover, in the positive electrode plate 1g shown in FIG. 8, the 2nd collector exposed part 22 provided in the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the 1st collector exposed part 21 provided in the outermost periphery side are provided. A third current collector exposed portion 23 is provided between the first and second current collector exposed portions 23. In the positive electrode plate 1h shown in FIG. 9, the second current collector exposed portion 22 provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is exposed to the current collector over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction. is doing. With such a configuration, the number of parts and the number of process steps can be reduced.
　上記実施形態では、第１の集電タブ１１及び第２の集電タブ１２を、電池の封口板８側で接続したが、電池缶７の底部側で接続してもよい。前者の場合には、第１及び第２の集電タブ１１、１２は、正極リード５と、捲回軸に対して同じ方向に形成され、後者の場合には、第１及び第２の集電タブ１１、１２は、正極リード５と、捲回軸に対して反対方向に形成される。なお、後者の場合、互いに接続された第１及び第２の集電タブが、負極リード６と電気的に干渉しないよう、絶縁を施すとよい。 In the above embodiment, the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are connected on the battery sealing plate 8 side, but may be connected on the bottom side of the battery can 7. In the former case, the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are formed in the same direction with respect to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis, and in the latter case, the first and second current collecting tabs are formed. The electric tabs 11 and 12 are formed in the opposite direction to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis. In the latter case, it is preferable to insulate the first and second current collecting tabs connected to each other so as not to electrically interfere with the negative electrode lead 6.
　図１０、図１１は、本発明の他の実施形態における正極板１ｉ、１ｊの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 10 and 11 are plan views schematically showing the configuration of the positive plates 1i and 1j in another embodiment of the present invention.
　図１０に示した正極板１ｉでは、正極リード５が、電極群４の最内周側に設けられ、第２の集電タブ１２が、電極群４の内周側に設けられている。また、図１１に示した正極板１ｊでは、正極リード５が、電極群４の内周側に設けられ、第２の集電タブ１２が、正極リード５に対して、第１の集電タブ１１と反対側に設けられている。 10, the positive electrode lead 5 is provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the second current collecting tab 12 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4. Further, in the positive electrode plate 1 j shown in FIG. 11, the positive electrode lead 5 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and the second current collecting tab 12 is the first current collecting tab with respect to the positive electrode lead 5. 11 is provided on the opposite side.
　本発明において、第２の集電体露出部２２は、正極板１の正極活物質層が塗着された内周側端部と外周側端部との距離をＬとしたとき、内周側端部から３／４Ｌ以下の範囲に形成されていることが好ましい。これにより、正極集電体を流れる短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部２２から第１の集電体露出部２１に分流する効果をより高めることがでる。 In the present invention, the second current collector exposed portion 22 has an inner peripheral side when the distance between the inner peripheral side end portion to which the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode plate 1 is applied and the outer peripheral side end portion is L. It is preferably formed in a range of 3 / 4L or less from the end. Thereby, the effect of shunting the short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode current collector from the second current collector exposed portion 22 to the first current collector exposed portion 21 can be further enhanced.
　本発明において、電池缶７と同極性の負極板２は、第１の集電体露出部２１と対向する部位に、負極集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されていることが好ましい。また、負極板２は、第２の集電体露出部２２、または／及び第３の集電体露出部２３と対向する部位に、負極集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されていることが好ましい。これにより、最外周側及び内周側の集電体露出部で生じる短絡抵抗をより小さくすることができる。 In the present invention, the negative electrode plate 2 having the same polarity as that of the battery can 7 has a current collector exposed portion where the negative electrode current collector is exposed at a portion facing the first current collector exposed portion 21. preferable. Further, the negative electrode plate 2 has a current collector exposed portion where the negative electrode current collector is exposed at a portion facing the second current collector exposed portion 22 and / or the third current collector exposed portion 23. It is preferable. Thereby, the short circuit resistance which arises in the collector exposure part of the outermost peripheral side and the inner peripheral side can be made smaller.
　上記実施形態では、電池缶７と異極性の正極板１について、第１及び第２の集電タブ１１、１２を電極群４外で接続することによって、電極群４の内周側で発生し、正極集電体を流れる短絡電流を、第２の集電体露出部から第１の集電体露出部に分流する経路を設け、これにより、内周側で発生した短絡箇所での局所的な異常発熱の発生を抑制する効果を得た。これと同様の効果は、電池缶７と同極性の負極板２についても実現することができる。 In the above embodiment, the first and second current collecting tabs 11 and 12 are connected outside the electrode group 4 with respect to the battery can 7 and the positive polarity positive electrode plate 1, and are generated on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4. Providing a path for diverting the short-circuit current flowing through the positive electrode current collector from the second current collector exposed portion to the first current collector exposed portion, and thereby locally at the short-circuited portion generated on the inner peripheral side The effect of suppressing the occurrence of abnormal abnormal heat was obtained. The same effect as this can be realized for the negative electrode plate 2 having the same polarity as the battery can 7.
　図１２は、本発明の他の実施形態における負極板２ｂの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the negative electrode plate 2b in another embodiment of the present invention.
　図１２に示すように、本実施形態における負極板２ｂは、電極群４の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって負極集電体が露出した集電体露出部３１と、電極群４の最内周側で、負極集電体が露出した集電体露出部３２とを有している。最外周側の集電体露出部３１に負極リード６が設けられ、最内周側の集電体露出部３２に集電タブ１６が設けられている。そして、負極リード６及び集電タブ１６は、電池缶７に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 12, the negative electrode plate 2b in the present embodiment includes a current collector exposed portion 31 in which the negative electrode current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4. And a current collector exposed portion 32 where the negative electrode current collector is exposed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4. The negative electrode lead 6 is provided on the outermost current collector exposed portion 31, and the current collector tab 16 is provided on the innermost current collector exposed portion 32. The negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are connected to the battery can 7.
　釘等の外部異物により、電極群４の最外周側で内部短絡が生じた場合、最内周側の集電体露出部３２は、集電タブ１６、電池缶７、釘等の外部異物を介して、負極板２の最外周側の集電体部露出部３１と電気的に接続した状態となる。したがって、電極群４の内周側の負極板２で生じた短絡電流は、負極集電体と最外周側の短絡点との間で流れる経路とは別に、電池缶７と接続された集電タブ１６と電池缶７を通じて最外周側の短絡点に分流する経路を設けることができる。電極群４の内周側で内部短絡が生じた場合、負極集電体を流れる短絡電流を分流すると同時に、最外周側の抵抗の低い短絡点に短絡電流を分流することができるため、電極群４の内周側で短絡が生じた場合でも、異常な発熱を抑制することができる。 When an internal short circuit occurs on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4 due to an external foreign matter such as a nail, the current collector exposed portion 32 on the innermost peripheral side removes an external foreign matter such as the current collecting tab 16, battery can 7, and nail. Thus, the current collector portion exposed portion 31 on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 is electrically connected. Accordingly, the short-circuit current generated in the negative electrode plate 2 on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is a current collector connected to the battery can 7 separately from the path flowing between the negative electrode current collector and the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side. A path can be provided for diverting to the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side through the tab 16 and the battery can 7. When an internal short circuit occurs on the inner circumference side of the electrode group 4, the short-circuit current can be shunted to the short-circuit point having the lower resistance on the outermost circumference side at the same time as the short-circuit current flowing through the negative electrode current collector can be shunted. Even when a short circuit occurs on the inner peripheral side of 4, abnormal heat generation can be suppressed.
　本実施形態において、負極リード６が負極板２の最外周側に設けられると同時に、内周側のいずれかの箇所に集電タブ１６が設けられていることが好ましい。釘等の外部異物による電気的な接続がなくても、第２の集電タブ１６と電池缶７と負極リード６との電気的な接続が形成されるため、短絡電流の分流を効果的に発現することができる。 In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the negative electrode lead 6 is provided on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 and at the same time the current collecting tab 16 is provided at any location on the inner peripheral side. Even if there is no electrical connection due to an external foreign object such as a nail, since the electrical connection between the second current collecting tab 16, the battery can 7, and the negative electrode lead 6 is formed, the shunt current can be effectively shunted. Can be expressed.
　図１３は、本発明の他の実施形態における負極板２ｃの構成を模式的に示した平面図である。 FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the negative electrode plate 2c in another embodiment of the present invention.
　図１３に示した負極板２ｃでは、集電タブ１６を兼用する負極リード６が、負極板２の長手方向の中央部に設けられている。ここで、中央部とは、正極合剤層１４が設けられている正極５の領域において、内周側端部と外周側端部との間の距離をＬとしたとき、内周側端部から外周側端部に向かって距離が（２／３）Ｌ以下であり、外周側端部から内周側端部に向かって距離が（２／３）Ｌ以下であって、両方の距離関係がオーバーラップしている範囲をいう。 In the negative electrode plate 2 c shown in FIG. 13, the negative electrode lead 6 that also serves as the current collecting tab 16 is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode plate 2. Here, the central portion refers to the inner peripheral side end portion when the distance between the inner peripheral end portion and the outer peripheral end portion is L in the region of the positive electrode 5 where the positive electrode mixture layer 14 is provided. The distance from the outer peripheral side end to the outer peripheral side end is (2/3) L or less, and the distance from the outer peripheral side end to the inner peripheral side end is (2/3) L or less. Refers to the overlapping range.
　この場合、釘等の外部異物により、電極群４の最外周側で内部短絡が生じた場合、負極板２の最外周側の集電体部露出部は、釘を介して電池缶７と電気的に接続された状態となる。したがって、電極群４の内周側の負極板２で生じた短絡電流は、負極集電体と最外周側の短絡点との間で流れる経路とは別に、電池缶７と接続された集電タブ１６を兼用する負極リード６を介して、最外周側の短絡点に分流する経路を設けることができる。電極群４の内周側で内部短絡が生じた場合、負極集電体を流れる短絡電流を分流すると同時に、最外周側の抵抗の低い短絡点に短絡電流を分流することができる。 In this case, when an internal short circuit occurs on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4 due to an external foreign object such as a nail, the current collector exposed portion on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 is electrically connected to the battery can 7 via the nail. Connected state. Accordingly, the short-circuit current generated in the negative electrode plate 2 on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 is a current collector connected to the battery can 7 separately from the path flowing between the negative electrode current collector and the shortest point on the outermost peripheral side. A path for diverting to the short-circuit point on the outermost peripheral side can be provided via the negative electrode lead 6 also serving as the tab 16. When an internal short circuit occurs on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4, the short circuit current flowing through the negative electrode current collector can be shunted, and at the same time, the short circuit current can be shunted to a short circuit point having a low resistance on the outermost peripheral side.
　次に、本発明の非水電解質二次電池の各構成要素について、さらに具体的に説明する。 Next, each component of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention will be described more specifically.
　正極板１は、正極集電体と正極活物質層とを含む。 The positive electrode plate 1 includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
　正極活物質には、リチウム含有遷移金属複合酸化物、具体的には、コバルト酸リチウム、ニッケル酸リチウム、マンガン酸リチウムや、それらの変性体などを用いることができる。導電剤には、天然黒鉛や人造黒鉛のグラファイト類、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラックなどのカーボンブラック類などを用いることができる。結着剤には、ポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＦ）、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）などを用いることができる。 As the positive electrode active material, lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides, specifically, lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate, lithium manganate, and modified products thereof can be used. As the conductive agent, natural graphite or artificial graphite graphite, carbon blacks such as acetylene black and ketjen black can be used. As the binder, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or the like can be used.
　正極集電体には、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ステンレス鋼、チタンなどを含有する金属箔、穿孔体などを用いることができる。 As the positive electrode current collector, a metal foil containing aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium, or the like, a perforated body, or the like can be used.
　正極活物質層は、例えば、正極合剤スラリーを正極集電体表面に塗布し、乾燥し、圧延することにより塗着できる。正極合剤スラリーは、たとえば、正極活物質、結着剤、導電剤などを有機溶媒または水に溶解または分散させることにより調製できる。有機溶媒には、Ｎ－メチル－２－ピロリドンなどを使用できる。正極活物質層は、正極集電体の両面、もしくは片面に塗着される。 The positive electrode active material layer can be applied, for example, by applying a positive electrode mixture slurry on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, drying, and rolling. The positive electrode mixture slurry can be prepared by, for example, dissolving or dispersing a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent and the like in an organic solvent or water. As the organic solvent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or the like can be used. The positive electrode active material layer is applied to both surfaces or one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
　正極集電体の所望の箇所に未塗着部（集電体露出部）を設け、正極リード５及び第１の集電タブ１１、第２の集電タブ１２を溶接することにより正極板１が作製される。正極リード５及び第１の集電タブ１１、第２の集電タブ１２は、アルミニウムなどから形成される。 An uncoated portion (current collector exposed portion) is provided at a desired position of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode plate 1 is welded to the positive electrode lead 5, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12. Is produced. The positive electrode lead 5, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12 are made of aluminum or the like.
　負極板２は、負極集電体と負極活物質層とを含む。 The negative electrode plate 2 includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
　負極活物質には、炭素材料、リチウムと合金化可能な元素、珪素化合物、錫化合物、リチウム金属、合金などを用いることができる。炭素材料には、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、ハードカーボンなどがある。リチウムと合金化可能な元素には、Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｚｎ、Ｇｅ、Ｃｄ、Ｓｎ、Ｔｉ、Ｐｂなどがある。結着剤には、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、アクリル酸モノマーを含むスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＢＭ－５００Ｂ）などを用いることができる。導電剤には、正極活物質層に含まれる導電剤と同じものを用いることができる。増粘剤には、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリエチレンオキシドなどを用いることができる。 As the negative electrode active material, a carbon material, an element that can be alloyed with lithium, a silicon compound, a tin compound, lithium metal, an alloy, or the like can be used. Examples of the carbon material include natural graphite, artificial graphite, and hard carbon. Elements that can be alloyed with lithium include Al, Si, Zn, Ge, Cd, Sn, Ti, and Pb. As the binder, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber (BM-500B) containing an acrylic acid monomer, or the like can be used. As the conductive agent, the same conductive agent as that contained in the positive electrode active material layer can be used. As the thickener, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, and the like can be used.
　負極集電体には、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、銅などの金属箔、穿孔体などを用いることができる。 As the negative electrode current collector, a metal foil such as stainless steel, nickel, copper, or a perforated body can be used.
　負極活物質層は、たとえば、負極合剤スラリーを負極集電体表面に塗布し、乾燥し、圧延することにより形成できる。負極合剤スラリーは、たとえば、負極活物質、結着剤、導電剤、増粘剤などを有機溶媒または水に溶解または分散させることにより調製できる。有機溶媒には、ＮＭＰなどを使用できる。 The negative electrode active material layer can be formed, for example, by applying a negative electrode mixture slurry to the surface of the negative electrode current collector, drying, and rolling. The negative electrode mixture slurry can be prepared, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a negative electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent, a thickener and the like in an organic solvent or water. NMP etc. can be used for an organic solvent.
　負極集電体の所望の箇所に未塗着部（集電体露出部）を設け、負極リード６及び集電タブ１６を溶接することにより負極板２が作製される。負極リード６及び集電タブ１６は、ニッケル、ニッケル合金、銅、ニッケルで被覆した銅などを用いることができる。 An uncoated part (current collector exposed part) is provided at a desired location of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are welded to produce the negative electrode plate 2. The negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 can be made of nickel, nickel alloy, copper, copper coated with nickel, or the like.
　正極板１及び負極板２を、セパレータ３を介して正極リード５と負極リード６が、互いに反対方向から取り出されるように捲回することにより、電極群４が構成される。電池缶７に電極群４を挿入し、負極リード６と集電タブ１６を電池缶７の有底部に溶接する。 The electrode group 4 is configured by winding the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 through the separator 3 so that the positive electrode lead 5 and the negative electrode lead 6 are taken out from opposite directions. The electrode group 4 is inserted into the battery can 7, and the negative electrode lead 6 and the current collecting tab 16 are welded to the bottomed portion of the battery can 7.
　セパレータ３には、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布などが用いられる。セパレータの材質としては、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンなどのポリオレフィンが用いられる。 For the separator 3, a microporous thin film, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or the like is used. As the material of the separator, polyolefin such as polypropylene and polyethylene is used.
　非水電解液は、非水溶媒に電解質（例えば、リチウム塩）を溶解させることにより得られる。非水溶媒には、環状炭酸エステル、鎖状炭酸エステル、環状カルボン酸エステルなどが用いられる。電解質には、ＬｉＣｌＯ４、ＬｉＢＦ４、ＬｉＰＦ６などが用いられる。 The nonaqueous electrolytic solution can be obtained by dissolving an electrolyte (for example, a lithium salt) in a nonaqueous solvent. As the non-aqueous solvent, cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, cyclic carboxylic acid esters and the like are used. As the electrolyte, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6, or the like is used.
　電池缶７の開口部より取り出した正極リード５は、封口板８の金属製フィルター９に溶接される。第１の集電タブ１１及び第２の集電タブ１２が、正極リード５と捲回軸に対して同方向に取り出されている場合は、第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２を直接、もしくは金属製フィルター９に溶接する。第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２が正極リード５と捲回方向に対して異対向に取り出されている場合は、電極群４を電池缶７に挿入する前に、第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２を溶接して電気的に接続しておく。電池缶７の開放部から非水電解液を注入した後、電池缶７の開口部を、ガスケット１０ｃを介して封口することにより、非水電解質二次電池が作製される。 The positive electrode lead 5 taken out from the opening of the battery can 7 is welded to the metal filter 9 of the sealing plate 8. When the first current collection tab 11 and the second current collection tab 12 are taken out in the same direction with respect to the positive electrode lead 5 and the winding axis, the first current collection tab 11 and the second current collection tab The tab 12 is welded directly or to the metal filter 9. When the first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are taken out opposite to the positive electrode lead 5 with respect to the winding direction, before the electrode group 4 is inserted into the battery can 7, The first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 are welded and electrically connected. After injecting the non-aqueous electrolyte from the open part of the battery can 7, the opening of the battery can 7 is sealed through the gasket 10c, thereby producing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
　以下、本発明の実施例を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されない。 Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
　本発明の非水電解質二次電池の安全性を評価するため、以下の手順で、円筒型非水電解質二次電池を作製した。 In order to evaluate the safety of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention, a cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery was produced according to the following procedure.
　（実施例１）
　（１）正極板の作製
　正極活物質として、１００質量部のコバルト酸リチウム粉末、導電剤として、３質量部のアセチレンブラック、及び、Ｎ－メチルピロリドン（ＮＭＰ）の溶剤に結着剤として４質量部のポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＦ）を溶解した溶液を混合し、正極合剤を含むペーストを得た。このペーストを、厚さ１５μｍのアルミニウム箔集電体の両面に塗布し、乾燥後、圧延して厚みを１７２μｍとした。 Example 1
(1) Production of positive electrode plate 100 parts by mass of lithium cobaltate powder as a positive electrode active material, 3 parts by mass of acetylene black as a conductive agent, and 4 masses as a binder in a solvent of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) A solution containing a portion of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was mixed to obtain a paste containing a positive electrode mixture. This paste was applied to both sides of a 15 μm thick aluminum foil current collector, dried and then rolled to a thickness of 172 μm.
　電極群の最外周側の両面に、捲回方向に１周分の長さでアルミニウム箔が露出するように、第１の集電体露出部２１を形成した。また、電極群の最内周側と最外周側を結ぶ中央部の両面にアルミニウム箔が露出した第２の集電体露出部２２を形成した。これを、幅５８ｍｍ、長さ６３０ｍｍの寸法に裁断し、正極板を作製した。 The first current collector exposed portion 21 was formed on both outermost surfaces of the electrode group so that the aluminum foil was exposed with a length corresponding to one turn in the winding direction. Moreover, the 2nd collector exposed part 22 which the aluminum foil exposed was formed in both surfaces of the center part which connects the innermost periphery side and outermost periphery side of an electrode group. This was cut into dimensions of 58 mm in width and 630 mm in length to produce a positive electrode plate.
　正極板の第１の集電体露出部２１と第２の集電体露出部２２のそれぞれの箇所に、アルミニウムからなる第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２の一端を接続した。電極群４の最内周側にアルミニウム箔が露出する箇所を設け、その箇所にアルミニウム製の正極リード５の一端を接続して、図２（ａ）に示すような正極板１ａを得た。 One end of the first current collector tab 11 and the second current collector tab 12 made of aluminum is connected to each of the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22 of the positive electrode plate. did. A location where the aluminum foil was exposed was provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4, and one end of the aluminum positive electrode lead 5 was connected to the location to obtain a positive electrode plate 1 a as shown in FIG.
　（２）負極板の作製
　負極合剤として、１００質量部の人造黒鉛粉末、１質量部のスチレン－ブタジエンゴム粒子の４０質量％水性分散液、１質量部のカルボキシメチルセルロース、及び適量の水とを混合攪拌してスラリー状の負極合剤を調整した。この負極合剤スラリーを、厚み８μｍの銅箔集電体の両面に、塗布、乾燥した後、圧延して厚みを１７４μｍとした。 (2) Production of negative electrode plate As a negative electrode mixture, 100 parts by mass of artificial graphite powder, 1 part by mass of a 40% by mass aqueous dispersion of styrene-butadiene rubber particles, 1 part by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose, and an appropriate amount of water. A slurry-like negative electrode mixture was prepared by mixing and stirring. This negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both sides of a copper foil current collector having a thickness of 8 μm, dried, and then rolled to a thickness of 174 μm.
　電極群の最外周側の両面に、アルミニウム箔集電体の第１の集電体露出部２１と対向する長さ以上で、銅箔集電体が露出した集電体露出部３１を形成する。これを幅５９ｍｍ、長さ６８５ｍｍの寸法に裁断し、負極板２を作製した。 A current collector exposed portion 31 in which the copper foil current collector is exposed is formed on both surfaces of the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group with a length that is equal to or longer than the first current collector exposed portion 21 of the aluminum foil current collector. . This was cut into a size of 59 mm in width and 685 mm in length to produce a negative electrode plate 2.
　負極板２の最外周側に形成された集電体露出部３１に、ニッケル製の負極リード６の一端を接続して負極板２ａを得た。 One end of a negative electrode lead 6 made of nickel was connected to the current collector exposed portion 31 formed on the outermost peripheral side of the negative electrode plate 2 to obtain a negative electrode plate 2a.
　（３）非水電解液の調整
　非水溶媒として、エチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネートとジメチルカーボネートを体積比１：１：１の混合溶媒９９質量部に１質量部のビニレンカーボネートを添加し、１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度で六フッ化リン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ６）を溶解し、非水電解液を得た。 (3) Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte As a non-aqueous solvent, 1 part by weight of vinylene carbonate is added to 99 parts by weight of a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1. Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) was dissolved at a concentration of 0 mol / L to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
　（４）非水電解質二次電池の作製
　正極板１と負極板２の間に厚み１６μｍのポリエチレン製微多孔質フィルムからなるセパレータを配置して捲回し、円筒状の電極群４を作製した。この電極群４の上下に、上部絶縁板１０ａ及び下部絶縁板１０ｂを装着した後、負極リード６を電池缶７に溶接して挿入した。第１の集電タブ１１と第２の集電タブ１２を抵抗溶接して接続した。正極リード５を封口板８の金属製フィルター９に溶接した。その後、電池缶７の内部に非水電解液５ｇを注入した。最後に、電池缶７の開口部をガスケット１０ｃを介して封口板８で封口して、電池Ａを完成させた。得られた円筒型電池は、直径１８．２ｍｍ、高さ６５ｍｍであり、電池容量は２８６０ｍＡｈであった。 (4) Production of Nonaqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery A separator made of a polyethylene microporous film having a thickness of 16 μm was placed between the positive electrode plate 1 and the negative electrode plate 2 and wound to produce a cylindrical electrode group 4. After the upper insulating plate 10a and the lower insulating plate 10b were mounted above and below the electrode group 4, the negative electrode lead 6 was welded to the battery can 7 and inserted. The first current collecting tab 11 and the second current collecting tab 12 were connected by resistance welding. The positive electrode lead 5 was welded to the metal filter 9 of the sealing plate 8. Thereafter, 5 g of non-aqueous electrolyte was injected into the battery can 7. Finally, the opening of the battery can 7 was sealed with the sealing plate 8 through the gasket 10c, and the battery A was completed. The obtained cylindrical battery had a diameter of 18.2 mm, a height of 65 mm, and a battery capacity of 2860 mAh.
　（実施例２）
　第２の集電体露出部２２を捲回方向に１周の長さになるように形成して、図３に示すような正極板１ｂを得たこと以外、電池Ａと同様にして電池Ｂを作製した。電池Ｂの電池容量は２７５０ｍＡｈであった。 (Example 2)
The battery B is formed in the same manner as the battery A except that the second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed to have a length of one turn in the winding direction to obtain the positive electrode plate 1b as shown in FIG. Was made. The battery capacity of the battery B was 2750 mAh.
　（実施例３）
　第２の集電タブ１２を兼ねる正極リード５を、電極群４の内周側に形成して、図７に示すような正極板１ｆを得たこと以外、電池Ａと同様にして電池Ｃを作製した。電池Ｃの電池容量は２８６０ｍＡｈであった。 (Example 3)
A battery C is formed in the same manner as the battery A except that the positive electrode lead 5 also serving as the second current collecting tab 12 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the electrode group 4 to obtain the positive electrode plate 1f as shown in FIG. Produced. The battery capacity of the battery C was 2860 mAh.
　（実施例４）
　第１の集電体露出部２１と第２の集電体露出部２２との間に、捲回方向に１周の長さになるようにアルミニウム箔集電体が片側露出した第３の集電体露出部２３を形成して、図８に示すような正極板１ｇを得たこと以外、電池Ｃと同様にして電池Ｄを作製した。電池Ｄの電池容量は２７４０ｍＡｈであった。 (Example 4)
A third current collector in which the aluminum foil current collector is exposed on one side so as to have a length of one turn in the winding direction between the first current collector exposed portion 21 and the second current collector exposed portion 22. A battery D was fabricated in the same manner as the battery C, except that the electric conductor exposed portion 23 was formed to obtain the positive electrode plate 1g as shown in FIG. The battery capacity of the battery D was 2740 mAh.
　（実施例５）
　負極板の電極群４の最内周側に銅箔集電体が露出する集電体露出部３２を形成し、その箇所にニッケル製の集電タブ１６を接続して、図１２に示すような負極板２ｂを作製し、集電タブ１６を電池缶７に接続すること以外、電池Ｃと同様にして電池Ｅを作製した。電池Ｅの電池容量は２８６０ｍＡｈであった。 (Example 5)
As shown in FIG. 12, a current collector exposed portion 32 where the copper foil current collector is exposed is formed on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group 4 of the negative electrode plate, and a nickel current collecting tab 16 is connected to the exposed portion. A negative electrode 2b was prepared, and a battery E was prepared in the same manner as the battery C, except that the current collecting tab 16 was connected to the battery can 7. The battery capacity of the battery E was 2860 mAh.
　（実施例６）
　第２の集電体露出部２２を捲回方向に１周の長さになるように形成して、図９に示すような正極板１ｈを作製し、第２の集電体露出部２２に対向する負極板に、銅箔集電体の露出部を形成して負極板２を得たこと以外、電池Ｅと同様にして同様にして電池Ｆを作製した。電池Ｆの電池容量は２６４０ｍＡｈであった。 (Example 6)
The second current collector exposed portion 22 is formed so as to have a length of one turn in the winding direction to produce a positive electrode plate 1h as shown in FIG. A battery F was produced in the same manner as the battery E, except that the exposed portion of the copper foil current collector was formed on the opposing negative electrode plate to obtain the negative electrode plate 2. The battery capacity of the battery F was 2640 mAh.
　（比較例１）
　第２の集電体露出部２２、第１の集電タブ１１、第２の集電タブ１２を形成しないこと以外、電池Ａと同様にして電池Ｘを作製した。電池Ｘの電池容量は２８６０ｍＡｈであった。 (Comparative Example 1)
A battery X was produced in the same manner as the battery A, except that the second current collector exposed portion 22, the first current collecting tab 11, and the second current collecting tab 12 were not formed. The battery capacity of the battery X was 2860 mAh.
　（比較例２）
　第１の集電体露出部２１に第１の集電タブ１１を形成しないこと以外、電池Ｃと同様にして電池Ｙを作製した。電池Ｙの電池容量は２８６０ｍＡｈであった。 (Comparative Example 2)
A battery Y was produced in the same manner as the battery C, except that the first current collecting tab 11 was not formed on the first current collector exposed portion 21. The battery capacity of the battery Y was 2860 mAh.
　（評価試験）
　実施例１～６及び比較例１～２で得られた非水電解質二次電池を用いて、次に示す釘刺し試験を行い、安全性について評価した。 (Evaluation test)
Using the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the following nail penetration test was performed to evaluate safety.
　［釘刺し試験］
　各電池に対して、以下の条件で充電を行った。そして、６０℃環境下で、充電状態の電池の側面から、直径３ｍｍの鉄釘を１０ｍｍ／秒の速度で２０ｍｍの深さまで突き刺し貫通して、内部短絡を発生させた。同じ試験を各５セルずつ行い、異常過熱に至るかどうか確認した。表１は、その結果を示した表である。 [Nail penetration test]
Each battery was charged under the following conditions. Then, in a 60 ° C. environment, an iron short having a diameter of 3 mm was pierced and penetrated to a depth of 20 mm at a speed of 10 mm / second from the side surface of the charged battery to generate an internal short circuit. The same test was performed 5 cells each, and it was confirmed whether or not abnormal overheating occurred. Table 1 shows the results.
　　定電流充電：電流値０．５Ｃ／充電終止電圧４．３Ｖ
　　定電圧充電：電圧値４．３Ｖ／充電終止電流１００ｍＡ Constant current charging: current value 0.5C / end-of-charge voltage 4.3V
Constant voltage charge: Voltage value 4.3V / Charge end current 100mA
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　表１から明らかなように、実施例２、４～６では、釘刺し時の異常過熱もなく、電池容量も高い電池が得られた。実施例１及び３は、釘刺し時の異常過熱が５セル中１セル発生した。実施例１及び３は、正極板の中央部と外周箔とを集電タブで接続しているが、正極板の中央部は出力が高く、電極群内部での発熱が大きくなったと考えられる。正極板の内周側に第２の集電体露出部２２を設けた実施例２、４、６では、その箇所での低抵抗短絡により安全性が向上したと考えられる。実施例５、６では、負極板に設けた集電タブ１６と負極リード６とを接続したことで、さらに安全性が向上した。 As is clear from Table 1, in Examples 2, 4 to 6, batteries with high battery capacity without abnormal overheating during nail penetration were obtained. In Examples 1 and 3, abnormal overheating during nail penetration occurred in 1 cell out of 5 cells. In Examples 1 and 3, the central portion of the positive electrode plate and the outer peripheral foil are connected by a current collecting tab, but the central portion of the positive electrode plate has a high output, and it is considered that the heat generation inside the electrode group has increased. In Examples 2, 4, and 6 in which the second current collector exposed portion 22 was provided on the inner peripheral side of the positive electrode plate, it is considered that the safety was improved by the low resistance short circuit at that location. In Examples 5 and 6, the safety was further improved by connecting the current collecting tab 16 provided on the negative electrode plate and the negative electrode lead 6.
　比較例１及び２は、異常過熱が多く発生した。比較例１は、外周側での集電体間短絡は発生するものの、外周側への短絡電流の分流効果が生じないため安全性が低かった。 In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a lot of abnormal overheating occurred. In Comparative Example 1, although a short-circuit between the current collectors occurred on the outer peripheral side, safety was low because a shunting effect of the short-circuit current to the outer peripheral side did not occur.
　以上より、本発明の実施例１～６の非水電解質二次電池Ａ～Ｆは、比較例１～２の非水電解質二次電池Ｘ～Ｙに比べて、釘刺し等による外部異物による内部短絡に対する安全性が高いことが分かった。 As described above, the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries A to F of Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are compared with the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries X to Y of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 to the inside due to an external foreign matter such as nail penetration. It was found that the safety against short circuit is high.
　以上、本発明を好適な実施形態により説明してきたが、こうした記述は限定事項ではなく、勿論、種々の改変が可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、捲回された電極群を含む円筒型の非水電解質二次電池について説明したが、これに限定されず、本発明の非水電解質二次電池は、各種形態の二次電池を包含する。例えば、捲回された電極群を含む角型電池、捲回された扁平状電極群を含む角型電池、積層された電極群をラミネートフィルムに収容したラミネートフィルム電池、積層された電極群を含む角型電池などがある。 As mentioned above, although this invention has been demonstrated by suitable embodiment, such description is not a limitation matter and, of course, various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the wound electrode group has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has various forms. Includes secondary batteries. For example, a prismatic battery including a wound electrode group, a prismatic battery including a wound flat electrode group, a laminate film battery in which the stacked electrode group is accommodated in a laminate film, and a stacked electrode group There are square batteries.
　本発明に係る非水電解質二次電池は、携帯用電子機器の電源や、電動工具、電気自動車などの駆動用電源等に有用である。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention is useful as a power source for portable electronic devices, a power source for driving electric tools, electric vehicles, and the like.
　　１　　正極板
　　２　　負極板
　　３　　セパレータ
　　４　　電極群
　　５　　正極リード
　　６　　負極リード
　　７　　電池缶
　　８　　封口板
　　９　　金属製フィルター
　１０ａ　上部絶縁板
　１０ｂ　下部絶縁板
　１０ｃ　ガスケット
　１１　　第１の集電タブ
　１２　　第２の集電タブ
　１６　　集電タブ
　２１　　第１の集電体露出部
　２２　　第２の集電体露出部
　２３　　第３の集電体露出部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode plate 2 Negative electrode plate 3 Separator 4 Electrode group 5 Positive electrode lead 6 Negative electrode lead 7 Battery can 8 Sealing plate 9 Metal filter 10a Upper insulating plate 10b Lower insulating plate 10c Gasket 11 1st current collection tab 12 2nd current collection Tab 16 Current collector tab 21 First current collector exposed portion 22 Second current collector exposed portion 23 Third current collector exposed portion

Claims (14)

  1. 　正極集電体上に正極活物質層が塗着された正極板と、
    　負極集電体上に負極活物質層が塗着された負極板と、
    　前記正極板及び前記負極板がセパレータを介して捲回された電極群と、
    　前記電極群が収容された電池缶と
    を備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、
    　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と異極性の極板は、
    　　前記電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した第１の集電体露出部と、
    　　前記第１の集電体露出部と離れた部位に形成された第２の集電体露出部と、
    を有し、
    　前記第１の集電体露出部に第１の集電タブが設けられ、前記第２の集電体露出部に第２の集電タブが設けられ、かつ、前記第１の集電タブ及び前記第２の集電タブは、前記電極群外で接続されている、非水電解質二次電池。     A positive electrode plate having a positive electrode active material layer coated on a positive electrode current collector;
    A negative electrode plate having a negative electrode active material layer coated on a negative electrode current collector;
    An electrode group in which the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are wound through a separator;
    A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a battery can containing the electrode group,
    Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the battery can and the polar plate are
    A first current collector exposed portion in which the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction on the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group;
    A second current collector exposed portion formed at a site away from the first current collector exposed portion;
    Have
    The first current collector exposed portion is provided with a first current collecting tab, the second current collector exposed portion is provided with a second current collecting tab, and the first current collecting tab and The second current collecting tab is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery connected outside the electrode group.
  2. 　前記第２の集電体露出部は、前記極板の活物質層が塗着された内周側端部と外周側端部との距離をＬとしたとき、内周側端部から３／４Ｌ以下の範囲に形成されている、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 When the distance between the inner peripheral side end portion and the outer peripheral side end portion to which the active material layer of the electrode plate is applied is L, the second current collector exposed portion is 3 / The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is formed in a range of 4 L or less.
  3. 　前記極板に、電池外部へ出力するためのリードが設けられており、
    　前記第２の集電体露出部は、前記第１の集電体露出部と前記リードとの間に形成されている、請求項１または２に記載の非水電解質二次電池。     The electrode plate is provided with a lead for output to the outside of the battery,
    The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the second current collector exposed portion is formed between the first current collector exposed portion and the lead.
  4. 　前記リードは、前記電極群の最内周側に設けられている、請求項３に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein the lead is provided on the innermost peripheral side of the electrode group.
  5. 　前記リードは、前記第２の集電タブを兼ねている、請求項３または４に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the lead also serves as the second current collecting tab.
  6. 　前記第２の集電体露出部は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出している、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the second current collector exposed portion has the current collector exposed over a length of one turn or more in the winding direction.
  7. 　前記第２の集電体露出部は、該集電体の両面が露出している、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein both sides of the current collector are exposed in the second current collector exposed portion.
  8. 　前記第１の集電体露出部は、該集電体の両面が露出している、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first current collector exposed portion has both surfaces of the current collector exposed.
  9. 　前記極板は、前記第１の集電体露出部と前記第２の集電体露出部との間に、第３の集電体露出部が形成されており、
    　前記第３の集電体露出部は、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出している、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。     The electrode plate has a third current collector exposed portion formed between the first current collector exposed portion and the second current collector exposed portion,
    The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the third current collector exposed portion has the current collector exposed over a length of one or more rounds in a winding direction.
  10. 　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と同極性の極板は、前記第１の集電体露出部と対向する部位に、集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されている、請求項１に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can has a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the first current collector exposed portion. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1.
  11. 　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と同極性の極板は、前記第２の集電体露出部と対向する部位に、集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されている、請求項６に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can has a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the second current collector exposed portion. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 6.
  12. 　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と同極性の極板は、前記第３の集電体露出部と対向する部位に、集電体が露出した集電体露出部が形成されている、請求項９に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
    Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can has a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed at a portion facing the third current collector exposed portion. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9.
  13. 　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と同極性の極板は、
    　　前記電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した集電体露出部と、
    　　前記集電体露出部と離れた部位に形成された他の集電体露出部と、
    を有し、
    　前記最外周側の集電体露出部にリードが設けられ、前記他の集電体露出部に集電タブが設けられ、かつ、前記リード及び前記集電タブは、前記電池缶に接続されている、請求項１～１２の何れか１項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。     Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can is
    On the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction;
    Other current collector exposed portions formed at sites away from the current collector exposed portions,
    Have
    A lead is provided on the outermost current collector exposed portion, a current collector tab is provided on the other current collector exposed portion, and the lead and the current collector tab are connected to the battery can. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
  14. 　前記正極板及び前記負極板のうち、前記電池缶と同極性の極板は、
    　　前記電極群の最外周側で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した集電体露出部と、
    　　前記極板の長手方向の中央部で、捲回方向に１周以上の長さにわたって集電体が露出した他の集電体露出部と
    を有し、
    　前記中央部の他の集電体露出部に、リードが設けられ、かつ、該リードは、前記電池缶に接続されている、請求項１～１２の何れか１項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。     Of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the electrode plate having the same polarity as the battery can is
    On the outermost peripheral side of the electrode group, a current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction;
    A current collector exposed portion where the current collector is exposed over a length of one or more rounds in the winding direction at the center in the longitudinal direction of the electrode plate;
    The non-aqueous electrolyte 2 according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a lead is provided on the other current collector exposed portion of the central portion, and the lead is connected to the battery can. Next battery.
PCT/JP2012/005846 2011-09-14 2012-09-13 Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell WO2013038677A1 (en)

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