WO2013037786A1 - Electrical energy accumulator - Google Patents

Electrical energy accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013037786A1
WO2013037786A1 PCT/EP2012/067754 EP2012067754W WO2013037786A1 WO 2013037786 A1 WO2013037786 A1 WO 2013037786A1 EP 2012067754 W EP2012067754 W EP 2012067754W WO 2013037786 A1 WO2013037786 A1 WO 2013037786A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
collecting
capillary structure
energy storage
collecting container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/067754
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kurt Klammler
Johannes Rieger
Reinhard Glanz
Martin Michelitsch
Michael KÖRÖSI
Harald Stuetz
Edward Yankoski
Mauro AIOLFI
Original Assignee
Avl List Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Publication of WO2013037786A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013037786A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/571—Methods or arrangements for affording protection against corrosion; Selection of materials therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical energy store for an electrically operated vehicle, which has a plurality of electrically interconnected, in particular flat and substantially plate-shaped battery cells, which are arranged in at least one stack next to each other in a common housing.
  • a battery with a plurality of flat substantially plate-shaped battery single cells is known.
  • the battery cells are stacked into a cell stack and surrounded by a battery case.
  • the individual battery cells are formed in frame flat construction with metallic sheets and a frame made of insulating material.
  • WO 2008/048751 A2 Also known from WO 2008/048751 A2 is a battery module with a multiplicity of plate-shaped battery cells arranged side by side in a stack, which are accommodated in a housing.
  • WO 2010/053689 A2 describes a battery arrangement with a housing and a plurality of lithium-ion cells, which are arranged next to one another.
  • the housing is flowed through for cooling with a thermally conductive, electrically insulating fluid.
  • FR 2 869 722 A1 discloses a lithium-polymer battery with a housing, which housing can be evacuated by a vacuum pump.
  • KR 2008-0053717 A discloses a device for controlling the temperature and humidity in a hybrid vehicle.
  • conditioned purge air is introduced into the housing of the battery.
  • the air conditioning of the scavenging air takes place depending on temperature and humidity sensors in the housing and in the scavenging air supply channel, wherein the operation of an air conditioning system, a heater and an electric blower is controlled by an electronic control unit.
  • the disadvantage is that a high sensory and metrological effort is required for dehumidification.
  • DE 1 921 618 A discloses a method for drying the electrodes in containers during battery production, wherein a desiccant flows through the container having the electrodes.
  • DE 30 44 741 C1 describes a cooling device for a liquid-cooled electric accumulator with a heat dissipating tube projecting into the liquid and protruding through the lid of the accumulator housing.
  • the heat pipe is internally provided in part with a capillary structure for the return transport of the condensed heat transfer medium from the heat emitting point to the heat receiving point.
  • WO 2011/160888 A1 describes a battery with a housing in which at least one battery cell and your device for drying of air located in the housing interior is arranged.
  • the battery has a molded body of a porous, moisture-absorbing material which extends into both the housing interior, as well as in the outer space of the housing and these moisture-conducting interconnects.
  • the located in the housing interior part of the molding is in this case connected to the device for drying the air located in the housing interior that collected water from the device for air drying is transmitted to the molding.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid problems with condensate formation within the housing of the battery in the simplest possible way.
  • this is achieved in that within the housing at least one collecting bar and / or at least one preferably labyrinthine shaped capillary structure for collecting condensate is arranged, wherein preferably the collecting bar and / or the capillary structure opens into a collecting container, wherein the collecting bar and / or Capillary structure opens at least into a collecting container.
  • the collecting container may be arranged, for example, within the housing in the bottom region thereof.
  • a targeted dehumidification takes place, in particular of the relevant points in the battery module and the entire battery pack by the capillary action.
  • different materials can be used. Due to the shape of the existing one-piece or multi-part plastic part housing zones with increased condensation, such as cooling the battery pads, primarily formed with a capillary structure. The condensed water is drained by gravity into the container integrated in the container.
  • At least one capillary structure and / or at least one collecting bar advantageously starts from a busbar cooling device, wherein preferably the capillary structure contacts the busbar cooling device.
  • the collecting strip is preferably formed by at least one groove or groove formed in the housing, wherein the collecting strip directly adjoins the capillary structure, wherein preferably the collecting strip can be arranged between the capillary structure and the housing. This allows a particularly effective drainage of condensation.
  • the emptying of the collecting container can preferably be carried out as part of a routine vehicle service, wherein the collecting container can be changed or the condensed water can be discharged via a closable emptying opening. It is advantageous if the collecting container has a communicating with the electronic control unit level sensor to determine the level in the collecting container and optionally give the driver appropriate warnings. If the collecting container reaches a defined level, it must be emptied by a specialist, for example as part of a vehicle service.
  • the collecting strip and / or the capillary structure can be fluidly connected to an air purging device.
  • the flushing of the collecting strip and / or the capillary structure can be carried out as part of the vehicle service.
  • the collecting container is sealed to the housing, so that leaks of condensation are reliably avoided.
  • FIGS. Show it : 1 shows an energy storage device according to the invention in an oblique view from above.
  • Fig. 4 shows the energy storage in a partial section according to the lines
  • Fig. 5 shows the detail V-V of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 7 shows the detail VII of FIG. 6
  • FIG. 9 shows detail IX from FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 11 shows the detail XI from FIG. 10
  • Fig. 13 shows the detail XIII of Fig. 12
  • Fig. 14 is an interior view of the case bottom
  • Fig. 15 shows the detail XV of Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 16 is an interior view of the housing cover
  • 17 shows a battery pack of the energy store in an oblique view.
  • the energy accumulator 1 formed by a rechargeable battery has a battery pack 2 with a plurality of battery modules 2 a arranged next to one another.
  • Each battery module 2a has inside a not further apparent stack of juxtaposed plate-shaped battery cells (pouch cells), which are pressed by pressure plates 3 together.
  • the pressure plates 3 are connected by screws 4a with side plates 4.
  • the battery pack 2 has four battery modules 2a, as shown in FIG. 17 emerges.
  • the battery cells connecting busbars (not shown) are arranged, wherein for their cooling a busbar cooling device 6 is provided, which communicates via cooling channels 7 with coolant collector or distributor 7a, 7b.
  • the cooling is preferably carried out by a liquid cooling medium.
  • the battery pack 2 is arranged in a housing 8, which has a housing cover part 8a and a housing bottom part 8b.
  • a housing cover part 8a In the bottom region 5b of the energy accumulator 1, in particular in the housing bottom part 8b, at least one emptying opening 9, which is closable by a closure part 9a, is arranged with an integrated collecting container 10 sealed in the housing bottom part 8b, whereby the housing bottom part 8b is shaped sloping towards the emptying opening 9 (FIGS. 8, 9) ).
  • closure lid 11 In the housing cover part 8 closable openings 12 for air scavenging devices are arranged via closure lid 11 (FIG. 4).
  • a capillary structure 13 is formed in each case.
  • the capillary structures 13 extend on or in the inner wall of the housing 8 between the region of the busbar cooling device 6 in the housing cover part 8a and the housing bottom part 8b.
  • the capillary structure 13 is in contact with the upper portion of the busbar cooling device 6. If necessary, it may also be in contact with the lower portion of the busbar cooling device 6. In the other places, there is no direct contact between the capillary structure and the component surfaces.
  • the contact area between the busbar cooling device 6 and the capillary structure 13 is designated by reference numeral 14. Due to the evaporation of the condensate, the other locations are secondarily dehumidified or sucked up by the capillary structure 13 along the entire battery pack 2.
  • the capillary structures 13 may be designed differently depending on the shape and position (transverse or longitudinal to the cooling device 6).
  • the labyrinth channels having capillary structures 13 may be formed by capillary materials such as rods, tubes, sponges, or the like with the finest pore structure.
  • the capillary structures 13 are attached to the inside of the housing 8. This results in a targeted dehumidification of the entire battery pack 2 by the capillary action. Depending on pressure and temperature conditions, different materials can be used. Due to the shape of the housing 8, which may be formed as a one, two or more layers plastic component, zones with increased condensation water formation, such as battery pads, be formed primarily with capillary structures 13.
  • the housing 8 is designed with collecting strips 15 formed in the housing cover part 8a and housing bottom part 8b, for example, by means of split channels.
  • the collecting strips 15 may be formed by gaps or gap channels between the capillary structures 13 and the housing 8.
  • the condensed water is taken up by the capillary structures 13 and directed into the collecting strips 15, which derive it by gravity to the bottom portion 5 b and into the collecting container 10.
  • the capillary structures 13 and the collecting bars 15 are flushed via the openings 12 with fresh air.
  • the collecting container 10 can also be changed or emptied as part of a service as needed.
  • the collecting container 10 may have a filling level sensor 16, which communicates with the electronic control unit of the vehicle and forwards corresponding information to the driver or service personnel.
  • condensation caused damage to the energy storage 1 or a risk to persons can be reliably avoided by electric shocks or the like.
  • the invention is described with reference to a battery pack 2 with pouch cells in a lp circuit. It goes without saying that the invention can also be applied to other batteries with a different type of battery cells, different circuits of the cells and / or other cooling.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical energy accumulator (1) for an electrically-driven vehicle, said accumulator having a plurality of electrically connected, in particular planar and substantially plate-shaped battery cells arranged next to one another in at least one stack in a common housing (8). To increase the service life of the electrical energy accumulator (1), at least one collection strip (15) and/or at least one preferably labyrinthine capillary structure (13) is provided in the housing (8) for collecting condensate, the collection strip (15) and/or the capillary structure (13) opening into at least one collection container (10).

Description

Elektrischer Energiespeicher  Electric energy storage
Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Energiespeicher für ein elektrisch betriebenes Fahrzeug, welcher eine Vielzahl an elektrisch miteinander verbundenen, insbesondere flachen und im Wesentlichen plattenförmigen Batteriezellen aufweist, welche in zumindest einem Stapel nebeneinander in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet sind . The invention relates to an electrical energy store for an electrically operated vehicle, which has a plurality of electrically interconnected, in particular flat and substantially plate-shaped battery cells, which are arranged in at least one stack next to each other in a common housing.
Aus der DE 10 2009 035463 AI ist eine Batterie mit einer Vielzahl von flachen im Wesentlichen plattenförmigen Batterieeinzelzellen bekannt. Die Batterieeinzelzellen sind zu einem Zellenstapel gestapelt und mit einem Batteriegehäuse umgeben. Die Batterieeinzelzellen sind dabei in Rahmenflachbauweise mit metallischen Blechen und einem Rahmen aus isolierendem Material ausgebildet. From DE 10 2009 035463 Al a battery with a plurality of flat substantially plate-shaped battery single cells is known. The battery cells are stacked into a cell stack and surrounded by a battery case. The individual battery cells are formed in frame flat construction with metallic sheets and a frame made of insulating material.
Auch aus der WO 2008/048751 A2 ist ein Batteriemodul mit einer Vielzahl an nebeneinander in einem Stapel angeordneten plattenförmigen Batteriezellen bekannt, welche in einem Gehäuse untergebracht sind . Also known from WO 2008/048751 A2 is a battery module with a multiplicity of plate-shaped battery cells arranged side by side in a stack, which are accommodated in a housing.
Die WO 2010/053689 A2 beschreibt eine Batterieanordnung mit einem Gehäuse und einer Mehrzahl von Lithium-Ionen-Zellen, welche nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Das Gehäuse ist zur Kühlung mit einem thermisch leitenden, elektrisch isolierenden Fluid durchströmt. WO 2010/053689 A2 describes a battery arrangement with a housing and a plurality of lithium-ion cells, which are arranged next to one another. The housing is flowed through for cooling with a thermally conductive, electrically insulating fluid.
Bereits durch geringe Temperaturschwankungen im Batteriemodul kann sich auf den Oberflächen (Metall oder Kunststoff) der Bauteile Wasserdampf bilden. Diese Kondenswasserbildung im Inneren des Batteriemoduls wirkt sich nachteilig auf die Lebensdauer der Batterie und des Batteriemoduls aus. Even small temperature fluctuations in the battery module can form water vapor on the surfaces (metal or plastic) of the components. This condensation in the interior of the battery module adversely affects the life of the battery and the battery module.
Zur Vermeidung von Kondensationsproblemen ist es bekannt, Batterien in Vakuumatmosphäre zu fertigen oder zu warten. Weiters ist es bekannt, Batterien in einem evakuierbaren Behälter anzuordnen und durch Veränderung des Vakuums bzw. des Druckes im Behälter oder zwischen doppelten Behälterwänden die Wärmeleitfähigkeit zur Umgebung zu verändern (JP 10-064 597 A2, JP 07- 226 230 A2, EP 0 633 420 A2). To avoid condensation problems, it is known to manufacture or maintain batteries in a vacuum atmosphere. Furthermore, it is known to arrange batteries in an evacuable container and to change the thermal conductivity to the environment by changing the vacuum or the pressure in the container or between double container walls (JP 10-064 597 A2, JP 07-226 230 A2, EP 0 633 420 A2).
Ferner ist aus der FR 2 869 722 AI eine Lithium-Polymer-Batterie mit einem Gehäuse bekannt, welches Gehäuse durch eine Vakuumpumpe evakuierbar ist. Furthermore, FR 2 869 722 A1 discloses a lithium-polymer battery with a housing, which housing can be evacuated by a vacuum pump.
Die KR 2008-0053717 A offenbart eine Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Temperatur und der Feuchtigkeit in einem Hybridfahrzeug. Dabei wird in das Gehäuse der Batterie konditionierte Spülluft eingeleitet. Die Klimatisierung der Spülluft erfolgt in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitssensoren im Gehäuse und im Spülluftzuführkanal, wobei der Betrieb einer Klimaanlage, einer Heizeinrichtung und eines elektrischen Gebläses durch eine elektronische Steuereinheit geregelt wird. Nachteilig ist, dass zur Entfeuchtung ein hoher sensorischer und messtechnischer Aufwand erforderlich ist. KR 2008-0053717 A discloses a device for controlling the temperature and humidity in a hybrid vehicle. In this case, conditioned purge air is introduced into the housing of the battery. The air conditioning of the scavenging air takes place depending on temperature and humidity sensors in the housing and in the scavenging air supply channel, wherein the operation of an air conditioning system, a heater and an electric blower is controlled by an electronic control unit. The disadvantage is that a high sensory and metrological effort is required for dehumidification.
Weiters ist aus der DE 1 921 618 A ein Verfahren zum Trocknen der Elektroden in Behältern bei der Batterieherstellung bekannt, wobei durch den die Elektroden aufweisenden Behälter ein Trockenmittel hindurchströmt. Furthermore, DE 1 921 618 A discloses a method for drying the electrodes in containers during battery production, wherein a desiccant flows through the container having the electrodes.
Ferner beschreibt die DE 30 44 741 Cl eine Kühleinrichtung für einen flüssig- keitsgekühlten elektrischen Akkumulator mit einem in die Flüssigkeit eintauchenden, durch den Deckel des Akkumulatorgehäuses herausragenden Wärmeabführrohr. Das Wärmerohr ist im Inneren teilweise mit einer Kapillarstruktur zum Rücktransport des kondensierten Wärmeübertragungsmediums von der wärmeabgebenden Stelle zur wärmeaufnehmenden Stelle versehen. Furthermore, DE 30 44 741 C1 describes a cooling device for a liquid-cooled electric accumulator with a heat dissipating tube projecting into the liquid and protruding through the lid of the accumulator housing. The heat pipe is internally provided in part with a capillary structure for the return transport of the condensed heat transfer medium from the heat emitting point to the heat receiving point.
Die WO 2011/160888 AI beschreibt eine Batterie mit einem Gehäuse, in dem mindestens eine Batteriezelle und deine Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von im Gehäuseinnenraum befindlicher Luft angeordnet ist. Die Batterie weist einen Formkörper aus einem porösen, Feuchtigkeit aufnehmenden Werkstoff auf, der sich sowohl in den Gehäuseinnenraum, als auch in den Außenraum den Gehäuses erstreckt und diese feuchtigkeitsleitend miteinander verbindet. Der im Gehäuseinnenraum befindliche Teil des Formkörpers ist dabei derart mit der Vorrichtung zur Trocknung der im Gehäuseinnenraum befindlichen Luft verbunden, dass gesammeltes Wasser aus der Vorrichtung zur Lufttrocknung an den Formkörper übertragen wird. WO 2011/160888 A1 describes a battery with a housing in which at least one battery cell and your device for drying of air located in the housing interior is arranged. The battery has a molded body of a porous, moisture-absorbing material which extends into both the housing interior, as well as in the outer space of the housing and these moisture-conducting interconnects. The located in the housing interior part of the molding is in this case connected to the device for drying the air located in the housing interior that collected water from the device for air drying is transmitted to the molding.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, auf möglichst einfache Weise Probleme mit Kondenswasserbildung innerhalb des Gehäuses der Batterie zu vermeiden. The object of the invention is to avoid problems with condensate formation within the housing of the battery in the simplest possible way.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass innerhalb des Gehäuses zumindest eine Sammelleiste und/oder zumindest eine vorzugsweise labyrinthartig geformte Kapillarstruktur zum Sammeln von Kondensat angeordnet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Sammelleiste und/oder die Kapillarstruktur in einen Auffangbehälter mündet, wobei die Sammelleiste und/oder die Kapillarstruktur zumindest in einen Auffangbehälter mündet. According to the invention this is achieved in that within the housing at least one collecting bar and / or at least one preferably labyrinthine shaped capillary structure for collecting condensate is arranged, wherein preferably the collecting bar and / or the capillary structure opens into a collecting container, wherein the collecting bar and / or Capillary structure opens at least into a collecting container.
Bei Kondensationsbildung durch Temperatur- und/oder Druckunterschiede wird über die Sammelleiste und/oder die Kapillarstruktur das Kondensat gezielt im Auffangbehälter gesammelt, welcher bei Bedarf entleert werden kann. Dadurch kann es zu keinen Schäden der Batterie selbst und der Umwelt durch Stromschläge oder dergleichen kommen. Der Auffangbehälter kann beispielsweise innerhalb des Gehäuses in dessen Bodenbereich angeordnet sein. When condensation forms due to temperature and / or pressure differences, the condensate is purposefully collected in the collection container via the collection strip and / or the capillary structure, which condensate can be emptied if necessary. As a result, there can be no damage to the battery itself and the environment due to electric shocks or the like. The collecting container may be arranged, for example, within the housing in the bottom region thereof.
Durch die Sammelleiste und/oder die beispielsweise durch eine Poren aufweisende Stäbchen-, Röhrchen- oder eine Schwammstruktur gebildete Kapillarstruktur erfolgt eine gezielte Entfeuchtung insbesondere der relevanten Stellen im Batteriemodul und des gesamten Batteriepaketes durch die Kapillarwirkung. Je nach Temperatur und Druckbedingungen können dabei unterschiedliche Materialien eingesetzt werden. Durch die Form des aus einem ein- oder mehrteiligen Kunststoffteil bestehenden Gehäuses werden Zonen mit erhöhter Kondenswasserbildung, wie zum Beispiel Kühlung der Batteriekontaktstellen, vorrangig mit einer Kapillarstruktur ausgebildet. Das Kondenswasser wird durch Schwerkraft in den in den Behälter integrierten Auffangbehälter abgeleitet. Through the collecting strip and / or the capillary structure formed, for example, by a pore-containing rod, tube or sponge structure, a targeted dehumidification takes place, in particular of the relevant points in the battery module and the entire battery pack by the capillary action. Depending on the temperature and pressure conditions different materials can be used. Due to the shape of the existing one-piece or multi-part plastic part housing zones with increased condensation, such as cooling the battery pads, primarily formed with a capillary structure. The condensed water is drained by gravity into the container integrated in the container.
Zumindest eine Kapillarstruktur und/oder zumindest eine Sammelleiste geht vorteilhafterweise von einer Busbar-Kühleinrichtung aus, wobei vorzugsweise die Kapillarstruktur die Busbar-Kühleinrichtung kontaktiert. At least one capillary structure and / or at least one collecting bar advantageously starts from a busbar cooling device, wherein preferably the capillary structure contacts the busbar cooling device.
Die Sammelleiste ist bevorzugt durch zumindest eine in das Gehäuse eingeformte Nut oder Rinne gebildet, wobei die Sammelleiste unmittelbar an die Kapillarstruktur grenzt, wobei vorzugsweise die Sammelleiste zwischen Kapillarstruktur und Gehäuse angeordnet sein kann. Dies ermöglich eine besonders effektive Ableitung von Kondenswasser. The collecting strip is preferably formed by at least one groove or groove formed in the housing, wherein the collecting strip directly adjoins the capillary structure, wherein preferably the collecting strip can be arranged between the capillary structure and the housing. This allows a particularly effective drainage of condensation.
Das Entleeren des Auffangbehälters kann bevorzugt im Rahmen eines routinemäßigen Fahrzeugservice erfolgen, wobei der Auffangbehälter gewechselt oder das Kondenswasser über eine verschließbare Entleeröffnung ausgelassen werden kann. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Auffangbehälter einen mit der elektronischen Steuereinheit kommunizierenden Füllstandssensor aufweist, um den Füllstand im Auffangbehälter festzustellen und gegebenenfalls dem Fahrer entsprechende Warnhinweise zu geben. Wenn der Auffangbehälter einen definierte Füllstand erreicht, muss dieser durch einen Fachmann etwa im Rahmen eines Fahrzeugservices geleert werden. The emptying of the collecting container can preferably be carried out as part of a routine vehicle service, wherein the collecting container can be changed or the condensed water can be discharged via a closable emptying opening. It is advantageous if the collecting container has a communicating with the electronic control unit level sensor to determine the level in the collecting container and optionally give the driver appropriate warnings. If the collecting container reaches a defined level, it must be emptied by a specialist, for example as part of a vehicle service.
Um eine einfache Reinigung zu ermöglichen, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Sammelleiste und/oder die Kapillarstruktur mit einer Luftspüleinrichtung strömungsverbindbar ist. Die Spülung der Sammelleiste und/oder der Kapillarstruktur kann im Rahmen des Fahrzeugservice erfolgen. In order to enable easy cleaning, it is particularly advantageous if the collecting strip and / or the capillary structure can be fluidly connected to an air purging device. The flushing of the collecting strip and / or the capillary structure can be carried out as part of the vehicle service.
Der Auffangbehälter ist zum Gehäuse hin abgedichtet, so dass Leckagen von Kondenswasser zuverlässig vermieden werden. The collecting container is sealed to the housing, so that leaks of condensation are reliably avoided.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen : Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Energiespeicher in einer Schrägansicht von oben; The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it : 1 shows an energy storage device according to the invention in an oblique view from above.
Fig. 2 den Energiespeicher in einer Schrägansicht von unten; Fig. 3 den Energiespeicher in einer Seitenansicht; 2 shows the energy storage in an oblique view from below; 3 shows the energy store in a side view;
Fig. 4 den Energiespeicher in einem teilweisen Schnitt gemäß der Linien Fig. 4 shows the energy storage in a partial section according to the lines
IV-IV in Fig . 3;  IV-IV in FIG. 3;
Fig. 5 das Detail V-V aus Fig. 4; Fig. 5 shows the detail V-V of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 den Energiespeicher in einer weiteren Schrägansicht von oben; 6 shows the energy store in a further oblique view from above;
Fig. 7 das Detail VII aus Fig . 6; Fig. 7 shows the detail VII of FIG. 6;
Fig. 8 den Energiespeicher in einer weiteren Schrägansicht von unten; 8 shows the energy store in a further oblique view from below;
Fig. 9 das Detail IX aus Fig. 8; FIG. 9 shows detail IX from FIG. 8; FIG.
Fig. 10 den Energiespeicher mit entferntem Gehäusedeckel in einer 10 shows the energy store with the housing cover removed in one
Schrägansicht von oben;  Oblique view from above;
Fig. 11 das Detail XI aus Fig. 10; FIG. 11 shows the detail XI from FIG. 10; FIG.
Fig. 12 den Energiespeicher mit entferntem Gehäuseboden in einer 12 shows the energy store with the housing bottom removed in one
Schrägansicht von unten;  Oblique view from below;
Fig. 13 das Detail XIII aus Fig. 12; Fig. 13 shows the detail XIII of Fig. 12;
Fig. 14 eine Innenansicht des Gehäusebodens; Fig. 14 is an interior view of the case bottom;
Fig. 15 das Detail XV aus Fig. 14; Fig. 15 shows the detail XV of Fig. 14;
Fig. 16 eine Innenansicht des Gehäusedeckels; und Fig. 16 is an interior view of the housing cover; and
Fig. 17 ein Batteriepaket des Energiespeichers in einer Schrägansicht. 17 shows a battery pack of the energy store in an oblique view.
Der durch eine wiederaufladbare Batterie gebildete Energiespeicher 1 weist ein Batteriepaket 2 mit mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Batteriemodulen 2a auf. Jedes Batteriemodul 2a weist im Inneren einen nicht weiter ersichtlichen Stapel von nebeneinandergereihten plattenförmigen Batteriezellen (Pouchzellen) auf, welche durch Druckplatten 3 aneinander gepresst sind . Die Druckplatten 3 sind über Schrauben 4a mit Seitenplatten 4 verbunden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Batteriepaket 2 vier Batteriemodule 2a auf, wie aus Fig . 17 hervorgeht. Im Deckenbereich 5a des Energiespeichers 1 sind die Batteriezellen verbindendende Sammelschienen (nicht ersichtlich) angeordnet, wobei zu deren Kühlung eine Busbar-Kühleinrichtung 6 vorgesehen ist, welche über Kühlkanäle 7 mit Kühlmittelsammler bzw. -Verteiler 7a, 7b in Verbindung steht. Die Kühlung erfolgt bevorzugt durch ein flüssiges Kühlmedium . The energy accumulator 1 formed by a rechargeable battery has a battery pack 2 with a plurality of battery modules 2 a arranged next to one another. Each battery module 2a has inside a not further apparent stack of juxtaposed plate-shaped battery cells (pouch cells), which are pressed by pressure plates 3 together. The pressure plates 3 are connected by screws 4a with side plates 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the battery pack 2 has four battery modules 2a, as shown in FIG. 17 emerges. In the ceiling region 5a of the energy storage device 1, the battery cells connecting busbars (not shown) are arranged, wherein for their cooling a busbar cooling device 6 is provided, which communicates via cooling channels 7 with coolant collector or distributor 7a, 7b. The cooling is preferably carried out by a liquid cooling medium.
Das Batteriepaket 2 ist in einem Gehäuse 8 angeordnet, welches einen Gehäusedeckelteil 8a und einen Gehäusebodenteil 8b aufweist. Im Bodenbereich 5b des Energiespeichers 1, insbesondere im Gehäusebodenteil 8b ist zumindest eine durch einen Verschlussteil 9a verschließbare Entleeröffnung 9 mit einem integrierten, im Gehäusebodenteil 8b abgedichteten Auffangbehälter 10 angeordnet, wobei der Gehäusebodenteil 8b zur Entleeröffnung 9 hin abfallend geformt ist (Fig . 8, 9). The battery pack 2 is arranged in a housing 8, which has a housing cover part 8a and a housing bottom part 8b. In the bottom region 5b of the energy accumulator 1, in particular in the housing bottom part 8b, at least one emptying opening 9, which is closable by a closure part 9a, is arranged with an integrated collecting container 10 sealed in the housing bottom part 8b, whereby the housing bottom part 8b is shaped sloping towards the emptying opening 9 (FIGS. 8, 9) ).
Im Gehäusedeckelteil 8 sind über Verschlussdeckel 11 verschließbare Öffnungen 12 für Luftspülvorrichtungen angeordnet (Fig . 4). In the housing cover part 8 closable openings 12 for air scavenging devices are arranged via closure lid 11 (FIG. 4).
In Zonen mit erhöhter Kondenswasserbildung, wie Batteriekontaktstellen, ist jeweils eine Kapillarstruktur 13 ausgebildet. Im Ausführungsbeispiel verlaufen die Kapillarstrukturen 13 an oder in der Innenwand des Gehäuses 8 zwischen dem Bereich der Busbar-Kühleinrichtung 6 im Gehäusedeckelteil 8a und dem Gehäusebodenteil 8b. Die Kapillarstruktur 13 steht mit dem oberen Bereich der Busbar- Kühleinrichtung 6 in Kontakt. Falls erforderlich, kann sie auch mit dem unteren Bereich der Busbar-Kühleinrichtung 6 in Kontakt stehen. An den anderen Stellen besteht kein direkter Kontakt zwischen der Kapillarstruktur und den Bauteiloberflächen. Der Kontaktbereich zwischen der Busbar-Kühleinrichtung 6 und der Kapillarstruktur 13 ist mit Bezugszeichen 14 bezeichnet. Durch die Verdunstung des Kondensates werden die anderen Stellen sekundär entfeuchtet oder von der Kapillarstruktur 13 entlang des gesamten Batteriepaketes 2 aufgesaugt. In zones with increased condensation, such as battery contact points, a capillary structure 13 is formed in each case. In the exemplary embodiment, the capillary structures 13 extend on or in the inner wall of the housing 8 between the region of the busbar cooling device 6 in the housing cover part 8a and the housing bottom part 8b. The capillary structure 13 is in contact with the upper portion of the busbar cooling device 6. If necessary, it may also be in contact with the lower portion of the busbar cooling device 6. In the other places, there is no direct contact between the capillary structure and the component surfaces. The contact area between the busbar cooling device 6 and the capillary structure 13 is designated by reference numeral 14. Due to the evaporation of the condensate, the other locations are secondarily dehumidified or sucked up by the capillary structure 13 along the entire battery pack 2.
Die Kapillarstrukturen 13 können nach Form und Lage (quer oder längs zur Kühleinrichtung 6) je nach Variation des Batteriepaketes 2 und/oder der Batteriemodule 2a unterschiedlich ausgeführt sein. Depending on the variation of the battery pack 2 and / or the battery modules 2 a, the capillary structures 13 may be designed differently depending on the shape and position (transverse or longitudinal to the cooling device 6).
Die Labyrinthkanäle aufweisenden Kapillarstrukturen 13 können durch kapillare Materialien wie Stäbchen, Röhrchen, Schwämme, oder dergleichen mit feinster Porenstruktur gebildet sein. Die Kapillarstrukturen 13 werden an der Innenseite des Gehäuses 8 angebracht. Dadurch erfolgt eine gezielte Entfeuchtung des gesamten Batteriepaketes 2 durch die Kapillarwirkung. Je nach Druck und Temperaturbedingungen können unterschiedliche Materialien eingesetzt werden. Durch die Formgebung des Gehäuses 8, der als ein-, zwei oder mehrlagiger Kunststoffbauteil ausgebildet sein kann, können Zonen mit erhöhter Kondens- wasserbildung, wie Batteriekontaktstellen, vorrangig mit Kapillarstrukturen 13 ausgebildet sein. The labyrinth channels having capillary structures 13 may be formed by capillary materials such as rods, tubes, sponges, or the like with the finest pore structure. The capillary structures 13 are attached to the inside of the housing 8. This results in a targeted dehumidification of the entire battery pack 2 by the capillary action. Depending on pressure and temperature conditions, different materials can be used. Due to the shape of the housing 8, which may be formed as a one, two or more layers plastic component, zones with increased condensation water formation, such as battery pads, be formed primarily with capillary structures 13.
Das Gehäuse 8 ist mit beispielsweise durch Spaltrinnen gebildete Sammelleisten 15 im Gehäusedeckelteil 8a und Gehäusebodenteil 8b ausgeführt. Die Sammelleisten 15 können durch Spalte bzw. Spaltrinnen zwischen den Kapillarstrukturen 13 und dem Gehäuse 8 gebildet sein. The housing 8 is designed with collecting strips 15 formed in the housing cover part 8a and housing bottom part 8b, for example, by means of split channels. The collecting strips 15 may be formed by gaps or gap channels between the capillary structures 13 and the housing 8.
Das Kondenswasser wird durch die Kapillarstrukturen 13 aufgenommen und in die Sammelleisten 15 geleitet, welche es durch Schwerkraft zum Bodenbereich 5b und in den Auffang behälter 10 ableiten. The condensed water is taken up by the capillary structures 13 and directed into the collecting strips 15, which derive it by gravity to the bottom portion 5 b and into the collecting container 10.
Bei einem Service werden die Kapillarstrukturen 13 und die Sammelleisten 15 über die Öffnungen 12 mit Frischluft gespült. Der Auffangbehälter 10 kann je nach Bedarf ebenfalls im Rahmen eines Services gewechselt oder entleert werden. Insbesondere kann der Auffangbehälter 10 einen Füllstandssensor 16 aufweisen, welcher mit der elektronischen Steuereinheit des Fahrzeuges kommuniziert und entsprechende Informationen an den Lenker oder Servicepersonal weiterleitet. In a service, the capillary structures 13 and the collecting bars 15 are flushed via the openings 12 with fresh air. The collecting container 10 can also be changed or emptied as part of a service as needed. In particular, the collecting container 10 may have a filling level sensor 16, which communicates with the electronic control unit of the vehicle and forwards corresponding information to the driver or service personnel.
Durch die gezielte Ableitung des Kondenswassers in einen Auffangbehälter 10 können kondenswasserbedingte Schäden am Energiespeicher 1 oder eine Gefährdung von Personen durch Stromschläge oder dergleichen zuverlässig vermieden werden. Through the targeted discharge of condensate in a collecting container 10 condensation caused damage to the energy storage 1 or a risk to persons can be reliably avoided by electric shocks or the like.
Die Erfindung ist an Hand eines Batteriepaketes 2 mit Pouchzellen in einer lp- Schaltung beschrieben. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die Erfindung auch auf andere Batterien mit einer anderen Art von Batteriezellen, anderer Schaltung der Zellen und/oder anderer Kühlung anwendbar ist. The invention is described with reference to a battery pack 2 with pouch cells in a lp circuit. It goes without saying that the invention can also be applied to other batteries with a different type of battery cells, different circuits of the cells and / or other cooling.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Elektrischen Energiespeicher (1) für ein elektrisch betriebenes Fahrzeug, welcher eine Vielzahl an elektrisch miteinander verbundenen, insbesondere flachen und im Wesentlichen plattenförmigen Batteriezellen aufweist, welche in zumindest einem Stapel nebeneinander in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse (8) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Gehäuses (8) zumindest eine Sammelleiste (15) und/oder zumindest eine vorzugsweise labyrinthartig geformte Kapillarstruktur (13) zum Sammeln von Kondensat angeordnet ist, wobei die Sammelleiste (15) und/oder die Kapillarstruktur (13) zumindest in einen Auffangbehälter (10) mündet. 1. Electrical energy store (1) for an electrically operated vehicle, which has a plurality of electrically interconnected, in particular flat and substantially plate-shaped battery cells, which are arranged in at least one stack next to each other in a common housing (8), characterized in that at least one collecting strip (15) and / or at least one preferably labyrinth-like shaped capillary structure (13) for collecting condensate is arranged within the housing (8), wherein the collecting strip (15) and / or the capillary structure (13) at least into a collecting container (13). 10) opens.
2. Energiespeicher (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auffangbehälter (10) im Bodenbereich (5b) des Energiespeichers (1), vorzugsweise im Gehäusebodenteil (8b) angeordnet ist, wobei besonders vorzugsweise der Gehäusebodenteil (8b) zum .Auffangbehälter (10) hin abfallend ausgebildet ist. 2. energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting container (10) in the bottom region (5b) of the energy store (1), preferably in the housing bottom part (8b) is arranged, particularly preferably the housing bottom part (8b) for .Auffangbehälter (10) is sloping down.
3. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, der Auffangbehälter (10) in einen Verschlussteil (9a) einer Entleeröffnung (9) integriert ist. 3. Energy storage (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the collecting container (10) in a closure part (9a) of an emptying opening (9) is integrated.
4. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auffangbehälter (10) einen Füllstandssensor (16) aufweist. 4. energy store (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the collecting container (10) has a level sensor (16).
5. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auffangbehälter (10) eine vorzugsweise verschließbare Entleeröffnung aufweist. 5. energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the collecting container (10) has a preferably closable emptying opening.
6. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auffangbehälter (10) zum vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff bestehenden Gehäuse (8) abgedichtet ist. 6. Energy storage (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the collecting container (10) is sealed to the preferably made of plastic housing (8).
7. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auffangbehälter (10) austauschbar im Gehäuse (8) angeordnet ist. 7. energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the collecting container (10) is arranged interchangeably in the housing (8).
8. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammelleiste (15) und/oder die Kapillarstruktur (13) mit einer Luftspüleinrichtung strömungsverbindbar ist, wobei vorzugsweise das Gehäuse (8) zumindest eine verschließbare Öffnung 12 zum Anschluss einer Luftspüleinrichtung aufweist. 8. energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the collecting strip (15) and / or the capillary structure (13) is fluidly connected to an air purging device, wherein preferably the housing (8) at least one closable opening 12 for Having connection of an air purifier.
9. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kapillarstruktur (13) durch eine Poren aufweisende Stäbchenstruktur, Röhrchenstruktur oder einen Schwammstruktur gebildet ist. 9. energy store (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the capillary structure (13) is formed by a pore-containing rod structure, tube structure or a sponge structure.
10. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Kapillarstruktur (13) und/oder zumindest eine Sammelleiste (15) von einer Busbar-Kühleinrichtung (6) ausgeht, wobei vorzugsweise die Kapillarstruktur (13) die Busbar-Kühleinrichtung (6) kontaktiert. 10. energy store (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one capillary structure (13) and / or at least one collecting bar (15) from a busbar cooling device (6) emanates, preferably the capillary structure (13) contacted the bus bar cooling device (6).
11. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammelleiste (15) durch zumindest eine Nut oder Rinne gebildet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Sammelleiste (15) in das Gehäuse (8) eingeformt ist. 11. energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the collecting strip (15) is formed by at least one groove or channel, wherein preferably the collecting strip (15) in the housing (8) is formed.
12. Energiespeicher (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammelleiste (15) unmittelbar an die Kapillarstruktur (13) grenzt, wobei vorzugsweise die Sammelleiste (15) zwischen Kapillarstruktur (13) und Gehäuse (8) angeordnet ist. 12. energy storage device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the collecting strip (15) directly adjacent to the capillary structure (13), wherein preferably the collecting strip (15) between the capillary structure (13) and housing (8) is.
2012 09 12 2012 09 12
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