WO2013034453A1 - Chauffage d'une substance destinée à un fumeur - Google Patents

Chauffage d'une substance destinée à un fumeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013034453A1
WO2013034453A1 PCT/EP2012/066481 EP2012066481W WO2013034453A1 WO 2013034453 A1 WO2013034453 A1 WO 2013034453A1 EP 2012066481 W EP2012066481 W EP 2012066481W WO 2013034453 A1 WO2013034453 A1 WO 2013034453A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
smokeable material
heater
heat shield
heat
shield
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/066481
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Kuznetsov
Leonid CHECHURIN
Original Assignee
British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited filed Critical British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited
Publication of WO2013034453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013034453A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/20—Cigarettes specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors

Definitions

  • An apparatus 1 for heating smokeable material comprises an energy source 2, a heater 3 and a heating chamber 4.
  • the energy source 2 may comprise a battery such as a Li-ion battery, Ni battery, Alkaline battery and/ or the like, and is electrically coupled to the heater 3 to supply electrical energy to the heater 3 when required.
  • the heating chamber 4 is configured to receive smokeable material 5 so that the smokeable material 5 can be heated in the heating chamber 4.
  • the heating chamber 4 may be located adjacent to the heater 3 so that thermal energy from the heater 3 heats the smokeable material 5 therein to volatilize aromatic compounds and nicotine in the smokeable material 5 without burning the smokeable material 5.
  • a mouthpiece 6 is provided through which a user of the apparatus 1 can inhale the volatilized compounds during use of the apparatus 1.
  • the smokeable material 5 may comprise a tobacco blend.
  • the heated region of smokeable material 5 may comprise a ring of smokeable material 5 located around the heating disk 10 which has been activated.
  • the smokeable material 5 can therefore be heated in
  • the heater 3 can comprise a plurality of heating regions 10 which extend directly into an elongate heating chamber 4 which is divided into sections by the heating regions 10.
  • the heating regions 10 extend directly into an elongate smokeable material cartridge 11 or other substantially solid body of smokeable material 5.
  • the smokeable material 5 in the heating chamber 4 is thereby divided into discrete sections separated from each other by the spaced-apart heating regions 10.
  • the heater 3, heating chamber 4 and smokeable material 5 may extend together along a central, longitudinal axis of the housing 7.
  • the controller 12 may be configured to activate the heating regions 10 sequentially along or around the heating chamber 4. Each activation of a heating region 10 may be in response to detection of a puff by the puff sensor 13 or may be triggered in an alternative way, as described further below.
  • an example heating method may comprise a first step SI in which a first puff is detected followed by a second step S2 in which a first section of smokeable material 5 is heated in response to the first puff.
  • a third step S3 hermetically sealable inlet and outlet valves 24 may be opened to allow air to be drawn through the heating chamber 4 and out of the apparatus 1 through the mouthpiece 6.
  • the valves 24 are closed. These valves 24 are described in more detail below with respect to figure 20.
  • fifth S5, sixth S6, seventh S7 and eighth S8 steps a second section of smokeable material 5 may be heated in response to a second puff, with a corresponding opening and closing of the heating chamber inlet and outlet valves 24.
  • a third section of the smokeable material 5 may be heated in response to a third puff with a corresponding opening and closing of the heating chamber inlet and outlet valves 24, and so on.
  • Means other than a puff sensor 13 could alternatively be used.
  • a user of the apparatus 1 may actuate a control switch to indicate that he/ she is taking a new puff.
  • a fresh section of smokeable material 5 may be heated to volatilize nicotine and aromatic compounds for each new puff.
  • the number of heating regions 10 and/ or independently heatable sections of smokeable material 5 may correspond to the number of puffs for which the cartridge 11 is intended to be used.
  • each independently heatable smokeable material section 5 may be heated by its corresponding heating region(s) 10 for a plurality of puffs such as two, three or four puffs, so that a fresh section of smokeable material 5 is heated only after a plurality of puffs have been taken whilst heating the previous smokeable material section.
  • activating individual heating regions 10 in order rather than activating the entire heater 3 means that the energy required to heat the smokeable material 5 is reduced over what would be required if the heater 3 were activated fully over the entire inhalation period of a cartridge 11. Therefore, the maximum required power output of the energy source 2 is also reduced. This means that a smaller and lighter energy source 2 can be installed in the apparatus 1.
  • An example is a temperature between 60°C and 100°C, such as a temperature between 80°C and 100°C. The temperature may be less than 100°C.
  • the controller 12 can then cause the heater 3 or heating region 10 in question to heat the smokeable material 5 further in order to rapidly volatilize the nicotine and other aromatic compounds for inhalation by the user.
  • a suitable temperature for volatilizing the nicotine and other aromatic compounds may be 100°C or above, such as 120°C or above.
  • An example is a temperature between 100°C and 250°C, such as between 150°C and 250°C or between 130°C and 180°C. The temperature may be more than 100°C.
  • An example full activation temperature is 150°C, although other values such as 250°C are also possible.
  • a super-capacitor can optionally be used to provide the peak current used to heat the smokeable material 5 to the volatization temperature.
  • An example of a suitable heating pattern is shown in figure 12, in which the peaks may respectively represent the full activation of different heating regions 10. As can be seen, the smokeable material 5 is maintained at the volatization temperature for the approximate period of the puff which, in this example, is two seconds. Three example operational modes of the heater 3 are described below.
  • one or more of the other heating regions 10 may be partially activated. Partial activation of the one or more other heating regions 10 may comprise heating the other heating region(s) 10 to a temperature which is sufficient to substantially prevent condensation of components such as nicotine volatized from the smokeable material 5 in the heating chamber 4. The temperature of the heating regions 10 which are partially activated is less than the temperature of the heating region 10 which is fully activated. The smokeable material 10 located adjacent the partially activated regions 10 is not heated to a temperature sufficient to volatize components of the smokeable material 5.
  • the power supplied to the heater 3 incrementally increases as more of the heating regions 10 are activated during inhalation from the cartridge 11.
  • the continuing activation of the heating regions 10 substantially prevent condensation of components such as nicotine volatized from the smokeable material 5 in the heating chamber 4.
  • the heat shield 3a may additionally or alternatively comprise a heat-insulating layer configured to insulate the heater 3 from the smokeable material 5.
  • the heat shield 3a comprises a substantially heat-transparent window 3b which allows thermal energy to propagate through the window 3b and into the heating chamber 4 and smokeable material 5. Therefore, the section of smokeable material 5 which is aligned with the window 3b is heated whilst the remainder of the smokeable material 5 is not.
  • the heat shield 3a and window 3b may be rotatable or otherwise moveable with respect to the smokeable material 5 so that different sections of the smokeable material 5 can be selectively and
  • the heat shield 3a and window 3b may be manually rotated using a user control such as an actuator on the housing 7.
  • the heat shield 3a does not need to be cylindrical and may comprise optionally comprise one or more suitably positioned longitudinally extending elements and or/plates. It will be appreciated that a similar result can be obtained by rotating or moving the smokeable material 5 relative to the heater 3, heat shield 3a and window 3b.
  • the heating chamber 4 may be rotatable around the heater 3. If this is the case, the above description relating to movement of the heat shield 3a can be applied instead to movement of the heating chamber 4 relative to the heat shield 3a.
  • the heat shield 3a may comprise a coating on the longitudinal surface of the heater 3. In this case, an area of the heater's surface is left uncoated to form the heat- transparent window 3b.
  • the heater 3 can be rotated or otherwise moved, for example under the control of the controller 12 or user controls, to cause different sections of the smokeable material 5 to be heated.
  • the heat shield 3a and window 3b may comprise a separate shield 3a which is rotatable or otherwise moveable relative to both the heater 3 and the smokeable material 5 under the control of the controller 12 or other user controls.
  • the apparatus 1 may comprise air inlets 14 which allow external air to be drawn into the housing 7 and through the heated smokeable material 5 during puffing.
  • the air inlets 14 may comprise apertures 14 in the housing 7 and may be located upstream from the smokeable material 5 and heating chamber 4 towards the first end 8 of the housing 7. This is shown in figure 1.
  • the apparatus 1 may comprise a smokeable material compressor 16 configured to cause the smokeable material 5 to compress upon activation of the compressor 16.
  • the apparatus 1 can also comprise a smokeable material expander 17 configured to cause the smokeable material 5 to expand upon activation of the expander 17.
  • the compressor 16 and expander 17 may, in practice, be implemented as the same unit as will be explained below.
  • the smokeable material compressor 16 and expander 17 may optionally operate under the control of the controller 12.
  • the controller 12 is configured to send a signal, such as an electrical signal, to the compressor 16 or expander 17 which causes the compressor 16 or expander 17 to respectively compress or expand the smokeable material 5.
  • the compressor 16 and expander 17 may be actuated by a user of the apparatus 1 using a manual control on the housing 7 to compress or expand the smokeable material 5 as required.
  • compressor 16 may be configured to reduce its compression of the smokeable material 5, for example under the control of the controller 12, after the
  • a suitable threshold temperature may be in the range of approximately 100°C to 250°C, such as between 100°C and 220°C, between 150°C and 250°C, between 100°C and 200°C or between 130°C and 180°C.
  • the threshold temperature may be above 100°C, such as a value above 120°C, and may be user selectable.
  • a temperature sensor may be used to detect the
  • the expander 17 is principally configured to expand the smokeable material 5 and thereby decrease its density during puffing.
  • the arrangement of smokeable material 5 in the heating chamber 4 becomes more loose when the smokeable material 5 has been expanded and this aids the gaseous flow, for example air from the inlets 14, through the smokeable material 5.
  • the air is therefore more able to carry the volatilized nicotine and aromatics to the mouthpiece 6 for inhalation.
  • the controller 12 may activate the expander 17 to expand the smokeable material 5 immediately following the compression period referred to above so that air can be drawn more freely through the smokeable material 5.
  • Actuation of the expander 17 may be accompanied by a user-audible sound or other indication to indicate to the user that the smokeable material 5 has been heated and that puffing can commence.
  • the compressor 16 and expander 17 may comprise a spring-actuated driving rod which is configured to compress the smokeable material 5 in the heating chamber 4 when the spring is released from compression.
  • the compressor 16 may comprise a ring, having a thickness approximately equal to the tubular-shaped heating chamber 4 described above, which is driven by a spring or other means into the heating chamber 4 to compress the smokeable material 5.
  • the compressor 16 may be comprised as part of the heater 3 so that the heater 3 itself is configured to compress and expand the smokeable material 5 under the control of the controller 12.
  • the plates 10 may be independently moveable in a longitudinal direction of the heater 3 to expand or compress the sections of smokeable material 5 which are located adjacent to them.
  • a method of compressing and expanding the smokeable material 5 is shown in figure 15.
  • Thermal insulation 18 may be provided between the smokeable material 5 and an external surface 19 of the housing 7 to reduce heat loss from the apparatus 1 and therefore improve the efficiency with which the smokeable material 5 is heated.
  • a wall of the housing 7 may comprise a layer of insulation 18 which extends around the outside of the heating chamber 4.
  • the insulation layer 18 may comprise a substantially tubular length of insulation 18 located co-axially around the heating chamber 4 and smokeable material 5. This is shown in figure 1. It will be appreciated that the insulation 18 could also be comprised as part of the smokeable material cartridge 11, in which it would be located co-axially around the outside of the smokeable material 5. Referring to figure 16, the insulation 18 may comprise vacuum insulation 18.
  • the insulation 18 may comprise a layer which is bounded by a wall material 19 such as a metallic material.
  • An internal region or core 20 of the insulation 18 may comprise an open-cell porous material, for example comprising polymers, aerogels or other suitable material, which is evacuated to a low pressure.
  • the pressure in the internal region 20 may be in the range of 0.1 to 0.001 mbar.
  • the wall 19 of the insulation 18 is sufficiently strong to withstand the force exerted against it due to the pressure differential between the core 20 and external surfaces of the wall 19, thereby preventing the insulation 18 from collapsing.
  • the wall 19 may, for example, comprise a stainless steel wall 19 having a thickness of approximately ⁇ .
  • the thermal conductivity of the insulation 18 may be in the range of 0.004 to 0.005 W/mK.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the insulation 18 may be between approximately 1.10 W/ (m 2 K) and approximately 1.40 W/ (m 2 K) within a temperature range of between 100 degrees Celsius and 250 degrees Celsius, such as between approximately 150 degrees Celsius and approximately 250 degrees Celsius.
  • the gaseous conductivity of the insulation 18 is negligible.
  • a reflective coating may be applied to the internal surfaces of the wall material 19 to minimize heat losses due to radiation propagating through the insulation 18.
  • the coating may, for example, comprise an aluminium IR reflective coating having a thickness of between approximately 0.3 ⁇ and ⁇ . ⁇ .
  • the evacuated state of the internal core region 20 means that the insulation 18 functions even when the thickness of the core region 20 is very small.
  • the insulating properties are substantially unaffected by its thickness. This helps to reduce the overall size of the apparatus 1.
  • the wall 19 may comprise an inwardly- facing section 21 and an outwardly-facing section 22.
  • the inwardly-facing section 21 substantially faces the smokeable material 5 and heating chamber 4.
  • the outwardly-facing section 22 substantially faces the exterior of the housing 7.
  • the inwardly-facing section 21 may be warmer due to the thermal energy originating from the heater 3, whilst the outwardly-facing section 22 is cooler due to the effect of the insulation 18.
  • the inwardly-facing section 21 and the outwardly- facing section 22 may, for example, comprise substantially parallel longitudinally- extending walls 19 which are at least as long as the heater 3.
  • the internal surface of the outwardly-facing wall section 22, i.e. the surface facing the evacuated core region 20, may comprise a coating for absorbing gas in the core 20.
  • a suitable coating is a titanium oxide film.
  • the thermal bridge 23 may be extended to increase its resistance to heat flow from the inwardly- facing section 21 to the outwardly- facing section 22.
  • This is schematically illustrated in figure 18.
  • the thermal bridge 23 may follow an indirect path between the inwardly- facing section 21 of wall 19 and the outwardly- facing section 22 of wall 19. This may be facilitated by providing the insulation 18 over a longitudinal distance which is longer than the lengths of the heater 3, heating chamber 4 and smokeable material 5 so that the thermal bridge 23 can gradually extend from the inwardly- facing section 21 to the outwardly- facing section 22 along the indirect path, thereby reducing the thickness of the core 20 to zero, at a longitudinal location in the housing 7 where the heater 3, heating chamber 4 and smokeable material 5 are not present.
  • the heating chamber 4 insulated by the insulation 18 may comprise inlet and outlet valves 24 which hermetically seal the heating chamber 4 when closed.
  • the valves 24 can thereby prevent air from undesirably entering and exiting the chamber 4 and can prevent smokeable material flavours from exiting the chamber 4.
  • the inlet and outlet values 24 may, for example, be provided in the insulation 18.
  • the valves 24 may be closed by the controller 12 so that all volatilized substances remain contained inside the chamber 4 in-between puffs.
  • the partial pressure of the volatized substances between puffs reaches the saturated vapour pressure and the amount of evaporated substances therefore depends only on the temperature in the heating chamber 4. This helps to ensure that the delivery of volatilized nicotine and aromatic compounds remains constant from puff to puff.
  • the controller 12 is configured to open the valves 24 so that air can flow through the chamber 4 to carry volatilized smokeable material components to the mouthpiece 6.
  • a membrane can be located in the valves 24 to ensure that no oxygen enters the chamber 4.
  • the valves 24 may be breath-actuated so that the valves 24 open in response to detection of a puff at the mouthpiece 6.
  • the valves 24 may close in response to a detection that a puff has ended. Alternatively, the valves 24 may close following the elapse of a predetermined period after their opening.
  • a mechanical or other suitable opening/closing means may be present so that the valves 24 open and close automatically.
  • the gaseous movement caused by a user puffing on the mouthpiece 6 may be used to open and close the valves 24.
  • the mass of the smokeable material 5 which is heated by the heater 3, for example by each heating region 10, may be in the range of 0.2 to .Og.
  • the temperature to which the smokeable material 5 is heated may be user controllable, for example to any temperature within the temperature range of 100°C to 250°C, such as any temperature within the range of 150°C to 250°C and the other volatizing
  • the heater 3 may be located around the outside of the smokeable material 5 rather than the smokeable material 5 being located around the heater 3.
  • the heater 3 may therefore circumscribe the smokeable material 5 to apply heat to the smokeable material 5 in a substantially radially inward direction.

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  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil comprenant, d'une part un élément chauffant configuré pour chauffer une substance destinée à un fumeur, de façon à volatiliser au moins un composant de ladite substance destinée à un fumeur, et d'autre part un écran thermique (5) configuré pour protéger ladite substance destinée à un fumeur par rapport à l'élément chauffant.
PCT/EP2012/066481 2011-09-06 2012-08-24 Chauffage d'une substance destinée à un fumeur WO2013034453A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2011136870 2011-09-06
RU2011136870 2011-09-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013034453A1 true WO2013034453A1 (fr) 2013-03-14

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PCT/EP2012/066481 WO2013034453A1 (fr) 2011-09-06 2012-08-24 Chauffage d'une substance destinée à un fumeur

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