WO2013034024A1

WO2013034024A1 - Aluminum electrolytic tank anode carbon block of irregularly-shaped structure with exhaust passage and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2013034024A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/078394
Authority: WO
Inventors: 冯乃祥
Original assignee: 沈阳北冶冶金科技有限公司
Priority date: 2011-09-05
Filing date: 2012-07-09
Publication date: 2013-03-14
Also published as: US20140224651A1

Abstract

An aluminum electrolytic tank anode carbon block of an irregularly-shaped structure with an exhaust passage and a preparation method thereof. The edge part of a top surface is provided with a chamfer. A row or two rows of carbon bowls are uniformly distributed on the top surface. Each row of the carbon bowls are longitudinally arranged along the anode carbon block and consist of 3 to 5 carbon bowls. A groove is formed between the carbon bowls, the bottom of the anode carbon block is provided with a trench, and the bottom of the groove is provided with a through hole which is communicated with the trench at the bottom of the anode carbon block. The preparation method comprises: preparing the carbon block by using a vibration mould or pressing mould with corresponding bumps by a vibration molding method or a compression molding method; and roasting and then cutting out the trench. The aluminum electrolytic tank anode carbon block of the irregularly-shaped structure with the exhaust passage of the present invention has the characteristics of a simple and convenient preparation process, high working efficiency and the like. Besides, it is obtained through testing that the tank voltage can be reduced by using the anode carbon block, the gas produced by an anode is smoothly and uniformly discharged, and the influence of gas escape on fluctuation of cathode aluminum liquid is obviously reduced.

Description

Shaped structure aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block with exhaust passage and preparation method thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and particularly relates to an anode carbon block of a profiled structure aluminum electrolysis cell with an exhaust passage and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

For industrial aluminum electrolysis cells, there are two important technical and economic indicators, one is current efficiency, and the other is DC power consumption. Although the two indicators are different in concept, they are closely related. The current efficiency of aluminum electrolysis (CE) and DC power consumption The relationship between W (kWh/t-Al) can be expressed by the following formula: tV = 2980 ^ ( 1 )

The CE method is the average cell voltage of aluminum electrolysis. It can be seen from this formula that for every 1% increase in the current efficiency of the cell, the DC power consumption can be reduced by about 150 kWh/t aluminum, and the aluminum output can be increased by 1%. By reducing 0.1 volts, the DC power consumption can be reduced by about 300 kWh/t aluminum.

It is well known that the reduction in current efficiency in an aluminum electrolytic cell is caused by a secondary reaction of so-called aluminum in which metal aluminum dissolved in the electrolyte melt and C0 ₂ generated by the anode are discharged, which means that the anode of the electrolytic cell is larger. The longer the anode gas is discharged from the bottom of the anode bottom, and the longer the distance caused by the escape of the electrolyte surface, the more secondary reaction with aluminum in the electrolyte melt, and the greater the current efficiency loss. Therefore, the C0 ₂ gas generated on the surface of the anode bottom of the aluminum electrolytic cell can be quickly escaped from the surface of the anode bottom, and shortening the residence time of C0 ₂ in the electrolyte can greatly improve the current efficiency of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

Based on the above theory, the Americans invented an electrolytic cell anode technology that opens two grooves upward from the surface of the anode bottom in the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell. The purpose is to make the anode gas energy generated under the anode bottom of the electrolytic cell bottom. The ground escapes from the trench to achieve the purpose of reducing the secondary reaction between the anode gas and the aluminum. The depth of the groove on the bottom of the anode of the electrolytic cell is 200 to 250 mm. However, since the groove is too shallow, the groove is completely immersed in the electrolyte melt during most of the anode working time, so that the stroke of the anode gas in the electrolyte melt is not shortened, and the resistance is not It is reduced, so its effect of increasing the current efficiency of the electrolytic cell or reducing the power consumption is not obvious.

Thereafter, in order to improve this situation, other structural types of aluminum electrolytic cell anode technology have been invented, including one anode guide rod of Li Wei et al., four steel claws, and four small anode aluminum electrolytic cells. Anode technology, patented technology of an anode guide rod, S steel claws and more than 4 small anodes invented by Feng Nai and Peng Jianping; if these patented technologies can be implemented industrially, they can improve the anode gas emission rate and improve The current efficiency of the electrolytic cell is beneficial, but it is actually found during operation that this single small anode technology is liable to cause the anode to fall off on the electrolytic cell. Since the expansion force generated by the beam above the anode steel claw in the high temperature condition of the electrolytic cell is supported by the lateral force of the anode carbon bowl, it is urgent to develop a technology which is advantageous for the rapid exhaust of the anode. solved problem.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems existing in the existing aluminum electrolytic cell anode on the exhaust gas, the present invention provides a profiled structure aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block with an exhaust passage and a preparation method thereof, through a single anode carbon block carbon bowl in a carbon anode Grooves are disposed between the grooves and the grooves at the bottom of the anode carbon block through the through holes, so that the gas emissions generated by the anodes of the anode carbon block are uniform and uniform, and the effect of gas escape from the electrolyte on the fluctuation of the cathode aluminum liquid is reduced. It can avoid the anode falling off and can quickly discharge the gas from the surface of the anode bottom.

The anode side of the anode carbon block of the carbon anode of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage of the invention is provided with chamfering, and one or two rows of carbon bowls are evenly distributed on the top surface, and each row of carbon bowls is along the anode carbon The blocks are arranged vertically, and are composed of 3 to 5 carbon bowls; wherein the carbon bowls are provided with grooves, and the bottom of the anode carbon block is provided with grooves; wherein the bottom of the groove is provided with a through hole communicating with the groove at the bottom of the anode carbon block.

In the above anode carbon block, when a row of carbon bowls is arranged on the top surface of the anode carbon block, lateral grooves are arranged between two adjacent carbon bowls; when two rows of carbon bowls are arranged on the top surface of the anode carbon block, There are longitudinal grooves between the two rows of charcoal bowls, or lateral grooves between two adjacent carbon bowls in the same row and longitudinal grooves between the two rows of charcoal bowls. In the case of the groove and the longitudinal groove, the transverse groove communicates with the longitudinal groove.

The above-mentioned grooves are located at positions corresponding to the bottom surface of each of the anode carbon blocks; each of the grooves is provided with at least one through hole communicating with a groove corresponding to the groove.

The axis of the transverse groove is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anode carbon block, and the axis of the transverse groove is located in the center of two adjacent carbon bowls, and both ends of the transverse groove are open to the chamfers on the two long sides of the anode carbon block. The axis of the longitudinal groove is parallel to the axis of the anode carbon block; the longitudinal groove is located in the center of the adjacent two rows of carbon bowls, and both ends of the longitudinal groove are open to the chamfers on the two short sides of the anode carbon block.

The top of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the bottom of the trench is connected to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block, wherein the groove corresponding to the lateral groove is a lateral groove, and the longitudinal groove is The corresponding groove is a longitudinal groove, the length of the transverse groove is equal to the width of the anode carbon block, the length of the longitudinal groove is equal to the length of the anode carbon block, and the width of each groove is 1.0 to 3.5 cm.

The groove has a cross section of an inverted isosceles triangle or an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the groove height is 3 to 10 cm; when the groove has an inverted isosceles triangle, the width of the top surface of the groove is 3~10cm _; when the cross section of the groove is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, the top surface width of the groove is 5~10cm, and the width of the bottom surface is 3~8cm.

The above-mentioned through hole is at the bottom of the groove, and its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block. The above-mentioned through holes are divided into small through holes and large through holes, and the small through holes have a circular, elliptical, square or rectangular cross section, and the area is 3 to 18 cm ² , wherein when the small through holes are square or rectangular in cross section The four corners of the square or rectangle are rounded; the large through hole has a rectangular cross section and an area of 18 to 500 cm ² .

In the above anode carbon block, when the length of the through hole is the same as the length of the anode carbon block, the through hole is connected with the groove, and one anode carbon block is broken in the longitudinal direction to form two identical small anode carbon blocks.

The carbon anode of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with exhaust passage of the invention is composed of more than 20 monomers having the above-mentioned heterostructure anode carbon block, and the preparation method of the single anode carbon block is:

The anode carbon block green body is prepared by vibration molding or compression molding; when the vibration molding method is adopted, the lower surface of the upper weight in the vibration mode has a corresponding protrusion; when the molding method is used, the compression mold The lower surface of the upper core has a corresponding protrusion; a carbon bowl, a groove and a deep hole having a height of 20 to 50 cm are formed on the anode carbon block green body during vibration molding or press molding; After the blank is discharged from the mold and cooled, it is placed in a roasting furnace and fired at 1100~1300 °C to prepare an anode carbon block calcined body with a carbon bowl, a deep hole and a groove at the top; and then physically cut at the bottom of the anode carbon block calcined body. a groove, and the groove is communicated with the deep hole or the groove-shaped passage to form a through hole, and the anode carbon block of the aluminum-shaped electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is formed; the corresponding protrusion refers to the anode carbon block The corresponding charcoal bowl, groove and through hole position corresponding convex structure.

The anode carbon block of the special-shaped aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage of the invention is provided with a cover plate on the groove before use, a lateral cover plate is arranged on the lateral groove, and the transverse cover plate is disposed on the lateral groove, the transverse cover plate The length is the same as the width of the anode carbon block; the longitudinal cover is provided above the longitudinal groove, the longitudinal cover is on the longitudinal groove, and the length of the longitudinal cover is the same as the length of the anode carbon block; In the case of the transverse cover and the longitudinal cover, the longitudinal cover and the lateral cover are connected to form an integral structure, the cover is covered with cryolite powder, and then assembled to the anode claw of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

The above-mentioned cover plate is made of carbonaceous material or inorganic material or metal material, and the selected inorganic material may be refractory plate or refractory fiberboard, and the selected metal material is made of aluminum plate or iron plate; carbon block or refractory plate or refractory fiber board is selected. When the thickness of the cover plate is 5~20cm, when the aluminum plate or the iron plate is used, the thickness of the aluminum plate or the iron plate is l~4mm. When the iron plate is selected, the iron plate can be perforated, and the upper surface of the hole is welded with a high mouth. The electrolyte covered with the upper surface of the anode and the iron tube of the thickness of the alumina insulation material make it more advantageous for the anode gas to exit the tank.

The working principle of the anode carbon block of the carbon anode of the special-shaped aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage of the present invention is as follows: When performing aluminum electrolysis, most of the C0 ₂ gas generated on the bottom surface of the anode carbon block rises into the through hole through the groove. Then, the through hole is collected into the groove on the upper surface of the anode carbon block, enters into the cavity between the cover plate and the groove, and is discharged from the end of the cover plate or the upper iron pipe to the anode carbon through the cavity. Outside the block.

The anode carbon block of the special-shaped aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage of the invention has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process and high working efficiency. After the experiment, the anode carbon block can reduce the tank voltage, and the gas emissions generated by the anode are uniform and uniform, and the gas is The effect of the escape on the fluctuation of the cathode aluminum liquid is obviously reduced, which is beneficial to the improvement of the current efficiency, and avoids the falling off of the small anode carbon block, and has a good application prospect.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a carbon anode single anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a single anode carbon block of an aluminum-shaped electrolytic cell having a profiled structure with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 7;

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 7;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 7;

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 7;

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 13;

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 13;

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 13;

Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 13;

Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the anode of the electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage; Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of the A-A of Figure 19;

Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 19;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 19;

Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 19;

Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 19;

Figure 25 is a diagram showing a profiled structure of an anode having an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 25;

Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 25;

Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 25;

Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 25;

Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 25;

Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention; and Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 31;

Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 31;

Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 31;

Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 31;

Figure 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 31;

Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention; and Figure 38 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 37;

Figure 39 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 37;

Figure 40 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 37;

Figure 41 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 37;

Figure 42 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 37;

Figure 43 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention; and Figure 44 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 43;

Figure 45 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 43;

Figure 46 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 43;

Figure 47 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 43;

Figure 48 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 43;

Figure 49 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled structure aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention; and Figure 50 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 49;

Figure 51 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 49;

Figure 52 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 49;

Figure 53 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 49;

Figure 54 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 49;

Figure 55 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; Figure

Figure 56 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 55;

Figure 57 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 55;

Figure 1, anode carbon block, 2, charcoal bowl, 3, groove, 4, through hole, 5, groove, 6, cover.

Detailed ways

The carbon bowl in the embodiment of the present invention has an inner diameter of 100 to 250 mm and a depth of 100 to 200 mm.

Example 1

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the special-shaped aluminum electrolysis cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 1. The structure of AA surface is shown in Fig. 2, the structure of BB surface is shown in Fig. 3, and the structure of CC surface is shown in Fig. 4. The surface structure is shown in Fig. 5. The EE surface structure is shown in Fig. 6. The top surface of the anode carbon block 1 is chamfered, and two rows of carbon bowls are uniformly distributed on the top surface, and each row of carbon bowls is along the anode carbon block. The longitudinal arrangement is composed of 4 carbon bowls 2; the carbon bowl is provided with a groove 3, the bottom of the groove is provided with a through hole 4 communicating with the groove 5 at the bottom of the anode carbon block; a cover plate 6 is arranged above the groove;

There are lateral grooves between two adjacent carbon bowls on the same row of charcoal bowls, and longitudinal grooves are arranged between the two rows of carbon bowls, and the transverse grooves and the longitudinal grooves communicate with each other;

Each groove is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block; and three through holes are provided at the bottom of each groove to communicate with the groove corresponding to the groove.

The axis of the transverse groove is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anode carbon block, the axis of the transverse groove is located in the middle of two adjacent carbon bowls, and both ends of the transverse groove are open to the chamfers on the two long sides of the anode carbon block; The axis of the groove is parallel to the axis of the anode carbon block; the longitudinal groove is located in the middle of the adjacent two rows of carbon bowls, and both ends of the longitudinal groove are open to the chamfers on the two short sides of the anode carbon block;

The top of each groove is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the bottom part is connected to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block, wherein the groove corresponding to the lateral groove is a lateral groove, and the groove corresponding to the longitudinal groove For the longitudinal groove, the length of the transverse groove is equal to the width of the anode carbon block, the length of the longitudinal groove is equal to the length of the anode carbon block, and the width of each groove is 2.5 to 3.5 cm; the cross section of each groove is an inverted triangle , the height is 3~10cm, and the width of the top surface is 3~10cm;

The longitudinal axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block;

The through hole is a small through hole, and the cross section is a rectangle with four corners rounded, and the area is 10 cm ² ;

The preparation method is:

The anode carbon block green body is prepared by vibration molding, and the lower surface of the weight of the upper part of the carbon paste in the vibration mode has corresponding protrusions, and the corresponding protrusions are corresponding to the positions of the carbon bowl, the groove and the deep hole on the anode carbon block. The convex structure is formed into a carbon bowl groove and a deep hole having a height of 20 to 50 cm on the anode carbon block green body during vibration molding, and then the demolded anode carbon block green body is sent to the baking furnace. Roasting at a temperature of 1100 to 1300 ° C to produce an anode carbon block calcined body having a charcoal bowl, a groove and a deep hole; Then, a groove is physically cut at the bottom of the anode carbon block calcining body, and the groove is connected with the deep hole to form a through hole, and the anode carbon block of the special-shaped aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is formed;

After the preparation, a cover plate is arranged on the groove; the cover plate is placed on the groove, so that the cover plate is integrated with the carbon block, and a tunnel having a triangular cross section is formed between the cover plate and the groove.

After the experiment, the anode carbon block can reduce the tank voltage, the gas emissions generated by the anode are unimpeded, and the gas escape has a significant effect on the fluctuation of the cathode aluminum liquid, and the anode carbon block does not fall off.

Example 2

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 7. The structure of the AA surface is shown in Fig. 8, the structure of the BB surface is shown in Fig. 9, and the structure of the CC surface is shown in Fig. 10. The surface structure is shown in Fig. 11, and the EE surface structure is shown in Fig. 12; the top surface of the anode carbon block 1 is chamfered, and a row of carbon bowls evenly distributed on the top surface is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the anode carbon block, and a row of carbon The bowl is composed of 4 carbon bowls 2; the carbon bowl is provided with a groove 3, the bottom of the groove is provided with a through hole 4 communicating with the groove 5 at the bottom of the anode carbon block; a cover plate 6 is arranged above the groove;

A lateral groove is disposed between two adjacent carbon bowls; each groove is provided with a groove at a corresponding position on the bottom surface of the anode carbon block; and 7 through holes are provided at the bottom of each groove corresponding to the groove Groove connection;

The axis of the transverse groove is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anode carbon block, the axis of the transverse groove is located in the middle of two adjacent carbon bowls, and both ends of the transverse groove open to the chamfers on the two long sides of the anode carbon block;

The top surface of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the bottom surface is connected with the bottom surface of the anode carbon block. The length of the groove is equal to the width of the anode carbon block, and the width of each groove is 2.5~3.5cm;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle with a height of 3~10cm; the width of the top surface is 3~10cm _;

The through hole is a small through hole, and the cross section is a rectangle with four corners rounded, and the area is 12 cm ² ;

The preparation method is:

The carbon block is formed by compression molding, and the lower surface of the upper core in the stamper has corresponding protrusions, and the carbon bowl, the groove and the height are formed on the anode carbon block green body at the time of molding, and the height is 20-50 cm. The deep hole, the rest is the same as in Example 1;

Providing a lateral cover plate on the groove;

After the test, the anode carbon block was used to reduce the cell voltage, and the gas emissions generated by the anode were unsteadily uniform, and the gas escaping significantly reduced the fluctuation of the cathode aluminum liquid, and the anode carbon block did not fall off.

Example 3

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the shaped aluminum electrolysis cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 13, the AA surface structure is shown in Fig. 14, the BB surface structure is shown in Fig. 15, and the CC surface structure is shown in Fig. 16, DD The surface structure is shown in Figure 17, EE surface The structure is as shown in FIG. 18; the structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the transverse groove is provided with two through holes communicating with the corresponding grooves, and the longitudinal groove is provided with a through hole and a corresponding groove. Connected

The top surface of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the width of the trench is 2.5~3.5cm;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle, the height is 3~10cm, and the width of the top surface is 3~10cm;

The through hole is a large through hole, the cross section is rectangular, the cross-sectional area of the two through holes in the transverse groove is 50 cm ² , and the area of the through hole in the longitudinal groove is 390 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

Providing a cover plate on the groove, the method is the same as in the embodiment 1;

Example 4

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the shaped aluminum electrolysis cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 19, the structure of the AA surface is shown in Fig. 20, the structure of the BB surface is shown in Fig. 21, and the structure of the CC surface is shown in Fig. 22, DD The surface structure is shown in FIG. 23, and the EE surface structure is as shown in FIG. 24; the structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: one through hole is provided at the bottom of each groove to communicate with the groove corresponding to the groove;

The top surface of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the width of each trench is 2.5~3.5cm;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle, the height of the groove is 3~10cm, and the width of the top surface is 3~10cm _;

The through hole is a large through hole, the cross section is rectangular, the through hole area in the lateral groove is 100 cm ² , and the through hole area in the longitudinal groove is 390 cm ² ; each through hole is connected to each other;

The preparation method is the same as in the embodiment 2;

Example 5

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 25. The structure of the AA surface is shown in Fig. 26, the structure of the BB surface is shown in Fig. 27, and the structure of the CC surface is shown in Fig. 28. The surface structure is shown in Fig. 29, and the EE surface structure is shown in Fig. 30; the structure is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the difference is that: each of the lateral grooves is provided with one through hole communicating with the corresponding groove, the longitudinal groove 4 through holes are communicated with corresponding grooves;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle with a height of 3~10cm and a top surface width of 3~10cm _; The through hole is a large through hole, the cross section is rectangular, the cross hole area of the through hole in the horizontal groove is 100 cm ² , and the area of the through hole in the longitudinal groove is 300 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

Example 6

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 31, the AA surface structure is shown in Fig. 32, the BB surface structure is shown in Fig. 33, and the CC surface structure is shown in Fig. 34, DD. The surface structure is shown in FIG. 35, and the EE surface structure is as shown in FIG. 36; the structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: two through holes are provided at the bottom of each lateral groove to communicate with the groove corresponding to the groove; Each of the longitudinal grooves is provided with four through holes communicating with corresponding grooves;

The top surface of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the width is 2.5~3.5cm;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle with a height of 3~10cm and a top surface width of 3~10cm _;

The through hole is a large through hole, and the cross section is rectangular, and the area is 50 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as in the embodiment 2;

Example 7

The profile structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum reduction cell with exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 37, the AA surface structure is shown in Fig. 38, the BB surface structure is shown in Fig. 39, and the CC surface structure is shown in Fig. 40, DD The surface structure is shown in Fig. 41, and the EE surface structure is as shown in Fig. 42; the structure is the same as that in the embodiment 6, and the difference is that: three lateral grooves are respectively provided with a small pass at the three intersections of the longitudinal grooves. The hole and the small through hole have a circular cross section with an area of 11 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

Example 8

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 43, the AA surface structure is shown in Fig. 44, the BB surface structure is shown in Fig. 45, and the CC surface structure is shown in Fig. 46, DD The surface structure is shown in Figure 47, EE surface The structure is as shown in Fig. 48, the top side of the anode carbon block 1 is chamfered, and two rows of carbon bowls are uniformly distributed on the top surface, and each row of carbon bowls is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the anode carbon block, and is composed of four carbon bowls 2. a groove 3 is provided between the carbon bowls, and a through hole 4 is formed in the bottom of the groove to communicate with the groove 5 at the bottom of the anode carbon block, and a cover plate 6 is disposed above the groove;

The groove is a longitudinal groove between the two rows of carbon bowls; the groove is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block; and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the groove to communicate with the groove;

The axis of the longitudinal groove is parallel to the axis of the anode carbon block; the longitudinal groove is located in the middle of the adjacent two rows of carbon bowls, and the two ends of the longitudinal groove are open to the chamfered position on the two short sides of the anode carbon block;

The top surface of the trench is 20~50cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the bottom surface is connected with the bottom surface of the anode carbon block, and the width of the groove is 2.5~3.5cm _;

The through hole is a large through hole, and the cross section is rectangular, and the area is 390 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as in the embodiment 2;

A longitudinal cover is provided on the groove in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

Example 9

The cross-sectional structure of the anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 49, the structure of the AA surface is shown in Fig. 50, the structure of the BB surface is shown in Fig. 51, and the structure of the CC surface is shown in Fig. 52, DD The surface structure is shown in Fig. 53, and the EE surface structure is as shown in Fig. 54; the structure is the same as that in the second embodiment, and the difference is:

a through hole is provided at the bottom of each groove to communicate with a groove corresponding to the groove;

The through hole is a large through hole, and the cross section is rectangular, and the area is 100 cm ² ;

The preparation method is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

a lateral cover is disposed on the groove, the method is the same as in Embodiment 1;

Example 10

The profile structure of the anode carbon block of the shaped aluminum electrolysis cell with the exhaust passage is shown in Fig. 55, and the AA surface structure is shown in Fig. 56. As shown, the CC surface structure is shown in Fig. 57; the top surface of the anode carbon block is chamfered, and one or two rows of carbon bowls 2 are evenly distributed on the top surface, and each row of carbon bowls 2 are arranged longitudinally along the anode carbon block 1. 4, 4 carbon charcoal set; groove 3 is arranged between the carbon bowl 2, the bottom of the anode carbon block 1 is provided with a groove 5; the bottom of the groove 3 is provided with a through hole 4 communicating with the groove 5, the through hole 4 The length is the same as the length of the anode carbon block 1, the through hole 4 is connected with the groove 5, and the anode carbon block is broken in the longitudinal direction to form two identical small anode carbon blocks;

The groove is a longitudinal groove located between the two rows of charcoal bowls;

The top surface of the trench is 40 cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the width of the trench is 3 cm;

The cross section of the groove is an inverted triangle with a height of 6 cm and a top surface having a width of 6 m _.

The channel width is the same as the groove, the length is 150cm, and the cross-sectional area is 450cm ² ;

The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the anode carbon block green body by vibration molding; the lower surface of the upper weight in the vibration mode has corresponding protrusions, and forming a carbon bowl and a groove on the anode carbon block green body during vibration molding. And a deep hole having a height of 40 cm and the same length as the anode carbon block; the anode carbon block green body is discharged from the mold and cooled, and then placed in a roasting furnace and fired to 1100 to 1300 ° C to form a carbon block, a deep hole and a groove. The anode carbon block is fired; then the groove is physically cut at the bottom of the anode carbon block calcined body, and the groove is connected with the deep hole, and an anode carbon block is divided into two small anode carbon blocks to be made with exhaust gas. Amorphous structure of the channel aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block; a lateral cover plate is arranged on the groove, the method is the same as the embodiment 1;

Claims

Claim

1. An anode carbon block with a profiled structure aluminum electrolysis cell with an exhaust passage, a chamfered surface at the top surface, and a row or two rows of carbon bowls evenly distributed on the top surface, each row of carbon bowls along the anode carbon block longitudinal direction Arranged, consisting of 3~5 carbon bowls; characterized by a groove between the carbon bowls, and a groove at the bottom of the anode carbon block; wherein the bottom of the groove is provided with a through hole communicating with the groove at the bottom of the anode carbon block.

2. The anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolysis cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein a carbon row is arranged on the top surface of the anode carbon block, and between two adjacent carbon bowls. a lateral groove is provided; or two rows of carbon bowls are arranged on the top surface of the anode carbon block, and longitudinal grooves are arranged between the two rows of carbon bowls, or between two adjacent carbon bowls of the same row The transverse grooves, or both of the above grooves are provided.

3. The anode carbon block of a profiled structure aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein said groove is located at a position corresponding to each groove on the bottom surface of the anode carbon block; The bottom of the groove is provided with at least one through hole communicating with a groove corresponding to the groove.

4. The anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolysis cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 2, wherein the axis of the transverse groove is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anode carbon block, and the axis of the transverse groove is located at the anode carbon block. The two adjacent carbon bowls in the longitudinal direction are centered, and both ends of the transverse grooves open to the chamfers on the two long sides of the anode carbon block; the axis of the longitudinal grooves is parallel to the axis of the anode carbon block; the longitudinal grooves are located The two rows of carbon bowls in the longitudinal direction of the anode carbon block are centered, and both ends of the longitudinal groove are passed to the chamfers on the two short sides of the anode carbon block.

5. The anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolysis cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein the top of the groove is 20 to 50 cm from the top of the anode carbon block, and the bottom of the groove is open. To the bottom surface of the anode carbon block, the width of each groove is 1.0 to 3.5 cm.

6. The abnormally structured aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein said groove has a cross section of an inverted isosceles triangle or an inverted isosceles trapezoid, a groove. The height is 3~10cm; the cross section is an inverted isosceles triangle groove having a top surface width of 3~10cm; the cross section is an inverted isosceles trapezoidal groove, and the top surface width is 5~10cm, the width of the bottom surface is 3~8cm.

7. The abnormally structured aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is at the bottom of the groove, and the longitudinal axis thereof is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anode carbon block.

8. The abnormally structured aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is divided into a small through hole and a large through hole, and the small through hole has a circular cross section. Or elliptical, or square or rectangular, having an area of 3 to 18 cm ² , wherein the cross section is a square or rectangular small through hole, and the four corners of the square or rectangle are rounded; the horizontal of the large through hole The cross section is rectangular and the area is 18~500cm ² .

9. The anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 1, wherein when the length of the through hole is the same as the length of the anode carbon block, the through hole is connected to the groove. Together, an anode carbon block is broken in the longitudinal direction. Open two identical small anode carbon blocks.

10 . The method for preparing an anode carbon block of a profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with an exhaust passage according to claim 1 , wherein: the anode carbon block green body is formed by a vibration molding method or a compression molding method; When the upper surface of the upper weight in the vibration mode has a corresponding protrusion; when the molding method is used, the lower surface of the upper core in the compression mold has a corresponding protrusion; in vibration molding or molding During the molding, a carbon bowl, a groove and a deep hole with a height of 20 to 50 cm are formed on the anode carbon block green body; the anode carbon block green body is discharged from the mold and cooled, and then placed in a roasting furnace and fired to 1100 to 1300 ° C. An anode carbon block calcined body having a carbon bowl, a deep hole and a groove at the top; and a groove is physically cut at the bottom of the anode carbon block calcined body, and the groove is connected with the deep hole or the grooved passage to form a through hole. The anode carbon block of the profiled aluminum electrolytic cell with the exhaust passage is formed; the corresponding protrusion refers to the convex structure corresponding to the position of the carbon bowl, the groove and the through hole on the anode carbon block.