WO2013031990A1 - Toll-computation device, control method, and program - Google Patents

Toll-computation device, control method, and program Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013031990A1
WO2013031990A1 PCT/JP2012/072258 JP2012072258W WO2013031990A1 WO 2013031990 A1 WO2013031990 A1 WO 2013031990A1 JP 2012072258 W JP2012072258 W JP 2012072258W WO 2013031990 A1 WO2013031990 A1 WO 2013031990A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
toll
network area
road network
road
total
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PCT/JP2012/072258
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀和 大野
祐一郎 神納
園田　隆
容子 小▲柳▼
石井　伸也
森下　慶一
稔幸 田島
航 鈴木
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三菱重工業株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to SG2014011035A priority Critical patent/SG2014011035A/en
Priority to EP12828891.7A priority patent/EP2752820A4/en
Publication of WO2013031990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013031990A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G06Q50/40—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a toll calculation device, a control method, and a program.
  • the present invention relates to a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, a control method for controlling the toll calculating device, and a program for the toll calculating device.
  • a fee setting device is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 stores past traffic data in a road area network. Then, the road fee setting device estimates the traffic demand on the target day for each combination of the starting point and the ending point through which each vehicle passes based on the stored past traffic data. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic volume and travel time of each route and each section based on the preset initial value of traffic distribution for each route and the estimated traffic demand.
  • the road fee setting device corrects the initial value of the traffic volume distribution based on the prediction and outputs it as the target traffic volume distribution. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic distribution of each route based on the preset initial fee for each route and the distance of the route. Then, the road fee setting device corrects the initial fee so that the predicted traffic distribution is approximated to the target distribution, and outputs it as the final fee for each route.
  • the road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 determines a fee based on past traffic data.
  • the charges determined in this way are not always optimal values for the current traffic conditions in the road network area.
  • a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, which is included in the road network area.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road to be evaluated, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area
  • a toll calculation unit is provided that calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with a certain aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.
  • the toll calculation unit further includes a total QK relationship calculation unit that calculates a total QK relationship indicating a correlation between the rate Q and the total traffic density K that is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area.
  • the toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship calculated by the QK relationship calculation unit and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time.
  • the information processing apparatus further includes a total traffic density K estimation unit that estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time, and the toll calculation unit includes the evaluation target road included in the road network area.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units, and the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area
  • the toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship indicating the correlation and the estimated value of the total traffic density K estimated by the total traffic density K estimation unit.
  • a toll data distribution unit that distributes data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculating unit to the user terminal of the vehicle user may be further provided.
  • Aggregated traffic flow rate Q which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for the target road, and the aggregated traffic, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area
  • a toll fee calculating stage for calculating a toll to be applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.
  • a program for a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads wherein the toll calculation device is installed in the road network area.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units for the included evaluation target road, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area Function as a toll calculation unit that calculates a toll applied to a road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time
  • the present invention can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area as compared with the known technology.
  • a total traffic flow rate Q and a total traffic density K are defined as traffic state quantities in a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, and a relationship existing between both state quantities is referred to as a total QK relation.
  • the aggregate traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is calculated per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. This is the sum of the number of vehicles.
  • the total traffic density K (units) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area, as shown in Expression (2).
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the total QK relationship.
  • the aggregated QK curve shows that the aggregated traffic density Q increases as the aggregated traffic density K increases while the aggregated traffic density K is small in the road network area.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q is saturated and decreases. This means that if the inflow control is not performed in a situation where an amount of vehicles exceeding the traffic processing capacity of the road network area flows, the total traffic density K of the road network area gradually increases and the total traffic flow rate Q This means that the situation deteriorates at an accelerated rate due to a decrease in vehicle processing capacity in the road network area.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a toll calculation device 100 according to an embodiment.
  • the toll calculation device 100 is a device that calculates a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads.
  • the toll calculation device 100 includes a traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, a total QK relation calculation unit 120, a total traffic density K estimation unit 130, a toll calculation unit 140, a toll data output unit 150, and a toll data distribution unit. 160, a total QK related information storage unit 170, and a charge information storage unit 180.
  • a traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110 includes a traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, a total QK relation calculation unit 120, a total traffic density K estimation unit 130, a toll calculation unit 140, a toll data output unit 150, and a toll data distribution unit.
  • 160 a total QK related information storage unit 170, and a charge information storage unit 180.
  • the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 receives input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result simulated by the traffic flow simulator.
  • the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.
  • the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.
  • the toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time. More specifically, the toll calculation unit 140 is applied to the road network area based on the total QK relationship calculated by the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time. Calculate tolls. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K estimated by the aggregate traffic density K estimation unit 130.
  • the toll charge data output unit 150 outputs data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculating unit 140.
  • the toll charge data distribution unit 160 distributes data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculation unit 140 to the user terminal of the vehicle user.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of information stored in the tabulated QK related information storage unit 170 in a table format.
  • the total QK related information storage unit 170 stores the total traffic density K (unit / area) and total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) in association with each other.
  • the aggregate traffic flow rate K (unit / area) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is included in the road network area when the number of vehicles indicated by the total traffic flow rate K (unit / area) exists in the road network area.
  • the value is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of information stored in the charge information storage unit 180 in a table format.
  • the charge information storage unit 180 includes a ratio (%) of the total traffic flow rate Q to the maximum value Q MAX , whether the total traffic density K is smaller than K MAX corresponding to Q MAX , and the toll (yen) Each information is stored in association with each other.
  • the total QK relationship draws a curved curve.
  • the total traffic flow rate Q increases as the total traffic density K increases, and when saturated, the total traffic flow rate Q decreases as the total traffic density K further increases.
  • the maximum value of the aggregate traffic flow rate Q when the change in the aggregate traffic flow rate Q changes from rising to falling is referred to as Q MAX
  • the value of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q MAX in the aggregate QK relationship Is referred to as K MAX .
  • a value of the aggregate traffic density K lower by about 5 (%) to 10 (%), for example, than the actual K MAX corresponding to Q MAX is treated as K MAX .
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of an operation flow of the toll calculation device 100. This operation flow shows an operation of calculating the total QK relationship. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.
  • the toll calculation device 100 calculates the aggregate QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator.
  • the traffic flow simulation the actual road conditions are simulated on a computer and evaluated in advance.
  • the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 receives an input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S101), the data is calculated as a total QK relationship. Send to section 120.
  • the total QK relationship calculating unit 120 of the toll calculation device 100 calculates the total QK relationship of the road network area (S102). For example, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total traffic density K at a predetermined timing and the total at that time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data received from the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110. The value of the traffic flow rate Q is calculated and the process of associating both values is repeated over time. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 performs curve fitting for a plurality of combinations of the corresponding total traffic flow rate Q and total traffic density K, and calculates a curve function indicating the total QK relationship. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 associates the total traffic density K values with the total traffic flow rates Q obtained by substituting the calculated total traffic density K values into the calculated function. The data is stored in the QK related information storage unit 170 (S103).
  • information indicating the total QK relationship of the road network area is stored in the total QK relationship information storage unit 170 of the toll calculation device 100.
  • This series of processing is executed at least every time the environment of the road network area changes.
  • a change in the environment of a road network area means that, for example, a road is blocked due to the influence of a traffic accident, or a new commercial facility is opened. This is the case.
  • FIG. 6 shows another example of the operation flow of the toll calculation device 100.
  • This operation flow shows an operation of calculating a toll applied to the road network area. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.
  • the toll calculation device 100 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator.
  • the traffic flow simulation result data input accepting unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 accepts input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S201), the traffic density simulation K This is sent to the estimation unit 130.
  • the traffic density simulation K estimation unit 130 determines the predetermined time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data.
  • the total traffic density K at is estimated (S202). For example, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K after 5 minutes. Then, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 sends data indicating the estimated total traffic density K estimated value K EST to the toll calculation unit 140.
  • the toll calculation unit 140 of the toll calculation device 100 receives the data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, it calculates the toll applied to the road network area (S203). For example, when the toll calculation unit 140 receives data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, the toll calculation unit 140 reads information stored in the total QK related information storage unit 170. Then, the toll calculation unit 140 identifies the value of the maximum value Q MAX of the total traffic flow rate Q based on the information read from the total QK related information storage unit 170. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 specifies a value K MAX of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q MAX .
  • the toll calculation unit 140 also specifies a value Q EST of the total traffic flow rate Q corresponding to K EST indicated by the data received from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130.
  • the toll calculation unit 140 calculates the ratio of Q EST to Q MAX . Further, the toll calculation unit 140 compares K MAX and K EST .
  • the toll calculator 140 applies the information stored in the price information storage unit 180, and the ratio of Q EST for Q MAX, based on the comparison result between K MAX and K EST, the road network area Calculate the toll that will be charged. For example, it is assumed that the charge information storage unit 180 stores information as shown in FIG.
  • the toll calculation unit 140 sets the toll applied to the road network area to 500 (yen). . Then, the toll calculation unit 140 sends toll data indicating the toll to the toll data output unit 150 and the toll data distribution unit 160.
  • the toll data output unit 150 of the toll calculator 100 When the toll data output unit 150 of the toll calculator 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculator 140, it outputs the toll data to an external device (S204). For example, the toll fee data output unit 150 outputs data for displaying on the display screen the toll indicated by the toll data. In this case, the toll applied to the road network area is displayed on the display. The administrator of the road network area has only to perform a predetermined operation to apply the toll displayed on the display.
  • the toll data output unit 150 outputs the toll data to a toll gate device that collects tolls in the road network area.
  • the setting of the toll to be received is automatically applied to the toll gate device.
  • the toll data distribution unit 160 of the toll calculating device 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculating unit 140, it distributes the toll data to the user terminal of the vehicle user (S205).
  • the user terminal includes a mobile information terminal such as a mobile phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), a personal computer, and an in-vehicle device.
  • a mobile information terminal such as a mobile phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), a personal computer, and an in-vehicle device.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistants
  • this series of processes shall be performed every predetermined time.
  • the toll calculation device 100 can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area as compared with the known technology.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a hardware configuration when the toll calculation device 100 is configured by an electronic information processing device such as a computer.
  • the toll calculation device 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) peripheral part, an input / output part, and a legacy input / output part.
  • the CPU peripheral section includes a CPU 802, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 803, a graphic controller 804, and a display device 805 that are connected to each other by a host controller 801.
  • the input / output unit includes a communication interface 807, a hard disk drive 808, and a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Only Memory) drive 809 connected to the host controller 801 by the input / output controller 806.
  • the legacy input / output unit includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 810, a flexible disk drive 811, and an input / output chip 812 connected to the input / output controller 806.
  • the host controller 801 connects the RAM 803, the CPU 802 that accesses the RAM 803 at a high transfer rate, and the graphic controller 804.
  • the CPU 802 operates based on programs stored in the ROM 810 and the RAM 803 to control each unit.
  • the graphic controller 804 acquires image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like on a frame buffer provided in the RAM 803 and displays the image data on the display device 805.
  • the graphic controller 804 may include a frame buffer for storing image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like.
  • the input / output controller 806 connects the host controller 801 to the hard disk drive 808, the communication interface 807, and the CD-ROM drive 809, which are relatively high-speed input / output devices.
  • the hard disk drive 808 stores programs and data used by the CPU 802.
  • the communication interface 807 is connected to the network communication device 891 to transmit / receive programs or data.
  • the CD-ROM drive 809 reads a program or data from the CD-ROM 892 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803.
  • the input / output controller 806 is connected to the ROM 810, the flexible disk drive 811, and the relatively low-speed input / output device of the input / output chip 812.
  • the ROM 810 stores a boot program executed when the toll calculation device 100 is started or a program depending on the hardware of the toll calculation device 100.
  • the flexible disk drive 811 reads a program or data from the flexible disk 893 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803.
  • the input / output chip 812 connects various input / output devices via a flexible disk drive 811 or a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, and the like.
  • the program executed by the CPU 802 is stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk 893, a CD-ROM 892, or an IC (Integrated Circuit) card and provided by the user.
  • the program stored in the recording medium may be compressed or uncompressed.
  • the program is installed in the hard disk drive 808 from the recording medium, read into the RAM 803, and executed by the CPU 802.
  • the program executed by the CPU 802 uses the toll calculation device 100 as the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120, and the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 described with reference to FIGS. , Toll calculation unit 140, toll data output unit 150, toll data distribution unit 160, total QK related information storage unit 170, and toll information storage unit 180.
  • the programs shown above may be stored in an external storage medium.
  • a storage medium in addition to a flexible disk 893 and a CD-ROM 892, an optical recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) or PD (Phase Disk), a magneto-optical recording medium such as an MD (MiniDisk), a tape medium, and an IC card
  • an optical recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) or PD (Phase Disk)
  • a magneto-optical recording medium such as an MD (MiniDisk), a tape medium, and an IC card
  • MD Magneto-optical recording medium
  • a tape medium such as an MD (MiniDisk)
  • an IC card an integrated circuitry
  • a storage medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet may be used as a recording medium and provided as a program via the network.
  • the present invention relates to a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, a control method for controlling the toll calculating device, and a program for the toll calculating device.
  • a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads
  • a control method for controlling the toll calculating device for controlling the toll calculating device
  • a program for the toll calculating device a program for the toll calculating device.
  • Toll Charge Calculation Device 110 Traffic Flow Simulation Result Data Input Accepting Unit 120 Aggregated QK Relationship Calculation Unit 130 Aggregated Traffic Density K Estimation Unit 140 Toll Charge Calculation Unit 150 Toll Data Output Unit 160 Toll Data Distribution Unit 170 Aggregated QK Related Information Store Unit 180 charge information storage unit 801 host controller 802 CPU 803 RAM 804 Graphic controller 805 Display device 806 Input / output controller 807 Communication interface 808 Hard disk drive 809 CD-ROM drive 810 ROM 811 Flexible disk drive 812 I / O chip 891 Network communication device 892 CD-ROM 893 Flexible disk

Abstract

This toll-computation device is provided with a toll-computation unit that computes a toll to be applied to a road-network area on the basis of the following: an aggregate traffic-flow rate (Q), which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time as calculated for each target road within the road-network area; an aggregate QK relationship that indicates the correlation with an aggregate traffic density (K), which is the total number of vehicles within the road-network area; and an estimated aggregate traffic density (K) at a prescribed point in time.

Description

通行料金算出装置、制御方法、及びプログラムToll calculation device, control method, and program
　本発明は、通行料金算出装置、制御方法、及びプログラムに関する。特に本発明は、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置、当該通行料金算出装置を制御する制御方法、並びに当該通行料金算出装置用のプログラムに関する。
　本願は、２０１１年８月３１日に日本に出願された特願２０１１－１８８３０２号に対して優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。 The present invention relates to a toll calculation device, a control method, and a program. In particular, the present invention relates to a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, a control method for controlling the toll calculating device, and a program for the toll calculating device. .
This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-188302 filed in Japan on August 31, 2011, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
　近年、都市部や観光地等においては、交通渋滞や大気汚染といった問題に対し、ロードプライシングの導入が検討されている。このロードプライシングとは、対象の道路ネットワークエリアを指定し、その対象の道路エリアネットワークエリア内に進入する、又はその対象の道路エリアネットワーク内を通過する車両に対して料金の徴収を行う制度である。ロードプライシングにおいては、料金徴収を行うことにより、対象の道路ネットワークエリア内の交通量を低減させ、交通渋滞の緩和や大気汚染の軽減を図る。ロードプライシングは、シンガポールやイギリス等の諸外国では既に導入されている。 In recent years, the introduction of road pricing has been considered for problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution in urban areas and sightseeing spots. This road pricing is a system that specifies a target road network area and collects charges for vehicles that enter or pass through the target road area network area. . In road pricing, by collecting tolls, the traffic volume in the target road network area is reduced to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. Road pricing has already been introduced in other countries such as Singapore and the United Kingdom.
　ロードプライシングを実施するにあたり、料金が高すぎる場合には、対象の道路ネットワークエリアを回避する車両が増え、対象の道路エリアネットワーク内の交通渋滞の緩和や大気汚染の軽減は進むように見られるが、結果的には対象の道路ネットワークエリア周辺の道路で渋滞が発生することによって大気環境が悪化することが考えられる。逆に、料金が安すぎる場合には、ロードプライシングの効果が十分に得られないことになる。即ち、ロードプライシングにおいては、道路管理者、及び利用者にとって、渋滞が発生しない合理的な通行料金の設定が望まれる。 When implementing road pricing, if the toll is too high, more vehicles will avoid the target road network area, and traffic congestion and air pollution will be reduced in the target road area network. As a result, it is considered that the air environment deteriorates due to the occurrence of traffic congestion on the roads around the target road network area. On the contrary, if the fee is too low, the effect of road pricing cannot be obtained sufficiently. That is, in road pricing, it is desirable for road managers and users to set reasonable tolls that do not cause congestion.
　このような事情に鑑みて成された技術としては、道路エリアネットワーク内に設定された複数の起点から終点までの、複数区間で形成された各経路を走行する車両から徴収する料金を設定する道路料金設定装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。特許文献１に記載の道路料金設定装置は、道路エリアネットワーク内の過去の交通データを記憶する。そして、道路料金設定装置は、記憶された過去の交通データに基づいて、各車両が通過する起点、終点の組合せ毎の対象日における交通需要を推定する。そして、道路料金設定装置は、予め設定された各経路に対する交通量配分の初期値と推定された交通需要とに基づいて、各経路及び各区間の交通量と走行時間とを予測する。そして、道路料金設定装置は、予測に基づいて、交通量配分の初期値を修正して目標交通量配分として出力する。そして、道路料金設定装置は、予め設定された各経路の初期料金とその経路の距離とに基づいて、各経路の交通量配分の予測を行う。そして、道路料金設定装置は、予測された交通量配分が目標配分に近似するように初期料金を修正して各経路に対する最終の料金として出力する。 As a technology made in view of such circumstances, a road that sets a fee to be collected from a vehicle traveling on each route formed in a plurality of sections from a plurality of start points to end points set in a road area network A fee setting device is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 stores past traffic data in a road area network. Then, the road fee setting device estimates the traffic demand on the target day for each combination of the starting point and the ending point through which each vehicle passes based on the stored past traffic data. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic volume and travel time of each route and each section based on the preset initial value of traffic distribution for each route and the estimated traffic demand. Then, the road fee setting device corrects the initial value of the traffic volume distribution based on the prediction and outputs it as the target traffic volume distribution. Then, the road fee setting device predicts the traffic distribution of each route based on the preset initial fee for each route and the distance of the route. Then, the road fee setting device corrects the initial fee so that the predicted traffic distribution is approximated to the target distribution, and outputs it as the final fee for each route.
特開２００８－００９６３９号公報JP 2008-009639 A
　特許文献１に記載の道路料金設定装置によっては、各起点と各終点とをそれぞれ接続する各経路相互間における交通量の極端な不均等の発生が抑制され、交通渋滞の発生が極力抑制され、大気汚染等の環境悪化が抑制され、環境管理者、道路管理者、及び車両の利用者にとって有益な料金の設定が可能となるとしている。 According to the road fare setting device described in Patent Document 1, the occurrence of extremely uneven traffic volume between routes that connect each start point and each end point is suppressed, and the occurrence of traffic congestion is suppressed as much as possible. Environmental degradation such as air pollution is suppressed, and it is possible to set a fee that is beneficial for environmental managers, road managers, and vehicle users.
　ところで、特許文献１に記載の道路料金設定装置は、過去の交通データに基づいて、料金を決定している。しかしながら、そのようにして決められた料金は、道路ネットワークエリアの交通現況に対して、最適な値になっているとは限らない。 By the way, the road fee setting device described in Patent Document 1 determines a fee based on past traffic data. However, the charges determined in this way are not always optimal values for the current traffic conditions in the road network area.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明の第１の形態によると、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置であって、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出部を備える。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, which is included in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road to be evaluated, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area A toll calculation unit is provided that calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with a certain aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.
　道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係を算出する集計ＱＫ関係算出部を更に備え、通行料金算出部は、集計ＱＫ関係算出部が算出した集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出してよい。 Based on the traffic flow simulation results in the road network area, the total traffic flow is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road in the road network area to be evaluated. The toll calculation unit further includes a total QK relationship calculation unit that calculates a total QK relationship indicating a correlation between the rate Q and the total traffic density K that is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area. The toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship calculated by the QK relationship calculation unit and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time.
　道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋを推定する集計交通密度Ｋ推定部を更に備え、通行料金算出部は、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部が推定した集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出してよい。 Based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area, the information processing apparatus further includes a total traffic density K estimation unit that estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time, and the toll calculation unit includes the evaluation target road included in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units, and the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area The toll applied to the road network area may be calculated based on the total QK relationship indicating the correlation and the estimated value of the total traffic density K estimated by the total traffic density K estimation unit.
　通行料金算出部が算出した道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を示すデータを、車両の利用者の利用者端末へ配信する通行料金データ配信部を更に備えてよい。 A toll data distribution unit that distributes data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculating unit to the user terminal of the vehicle user may be further provided.
　本発明の第２の形態によると、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置を制御する制御方法であって、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出段階を備える。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for controlling a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, wherein the evaluation is included in the road network area. Aggregated traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for the target road, and the aggregated traffic, which is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area A toll fee calculating stage for calculating a toll to be applied to the road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time.
　本発明の第３の形態によると、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置用のプログラムであって、通行料金算出装置を、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出部として機能させる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a program for a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, wherein the toll calculation device is installed in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q, which is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units for the included evaluation target road, and the number of all vehicles present in the road network area Function as a toll calculation unit that calculates a toll applied to a road network area based on an aggregate QK relationship indicating a correlation with the aggregate traffic density K and an estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time Let
　なおまた、上記の発明の概要は、本発明の必要な特徴の全てを列挙したものではなく、これらの特徴群のサブコンビネーションもまた、発明となり得る。 Note that the above summary of the invention does not enumerate all the necessary features of the present invention, and sub-combinations of these feature groups can also be the invention.
　以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明は、既知の技術と比較して、道路ネットワークエリアの交通現況に対して最適な通行料金を算出することができる。 As is clear from the above description, the present invention can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area as compared with the known technology.
集計ＱＫ関係の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of total QK relationship. 一実施形態に係る通行料金算出装置１００の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the toll calculation apparatus 100 which concerns on one Embodiment. 集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０に格納される情報の一例をテーブル形式で示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the information stored in the total QK related information storage part 170 in a table format. 料金情報格納部１８０に格納されている情報の一例をテーブル形式で示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the information stored in the charge information storage part 180 in a table format. 通行料金算出装置１００の動作フローの一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the operation | movement flow of the toll calculation apparatus. 通行料金算出装置１００の動作フローの他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the operation | movement flow of the toll calculation apparatus. 通行料金算出装置１００をコンピュータ等の電子情報処理装置で構成した場合のハードウェア構成の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of a hardware structure at the time of comprising the toll calculation apparatus 100 by electronic information processing apparatuses, such as a computer.
　以下、発明の実施の形態を通じて本発明を説明するが、以下の実施形態は特許請求の範囲にかかる発明を限定するものではなく、また、実施形態の中で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明の解決手段に必須であるとは限らない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the claimed invention, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are described below. However, this is not always essential for the solution of the invention.
　本実施形態においては、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアの交通状態量として、集計交通流率Ｑと集計交通密度Ｋを定義し、両状態量間に存在する関係を集計ＱＫ関係と称する。集計交通流率Ｑ（台・ｋｍ／ｈ）は、式（１）に示すように、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について、道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である。また、集計交通密度Ｋ（台）は、式（２）に示すように、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である。 In the present embodiment, a total traffic flow rate Q and a total traffic density K are defined as traffic state quantities in a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, and a relationship existing between both state quantities is referred to as a total QK relation. . As shown in Equation (1), the aggregate traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is calculated per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. This is the sum of the number of vehicles. The total traffic density K (units) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area, as shown in Expression (2).
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　図１は、集計ＱＫ関係の一例を示す。この例の集計ＱＫ関係の曲線は、道路ネットワークエリアにおいて、集計交通密度Ｋが小さいうちは集計交通密度Ｋが増加するに伴って集計交通流率Ｑが増加するが、やがて集計交通密度Ｋが一定量以上に大きくなってくると、集計交通流率Ｑが飽和して低下することを示している。このことは、道路ネットワークエリアの交通処理能力を超える量の車両が流入する状況下で流入制御を施さずにいると、道路ネットワークエリアの集計交通密度Ｋは徐々に上昇し、集計交通流率Ｑが低下、即ち、道路ネットワークエリアの車両処理能力の低下を招いて加速度的に状況が悪化していくことを意味する。 FIG. 1 shows an example of the total QK relationship. In this example, the aggregated QK curve shows that the aggregated traffic density Q increases as the aggregated traffic density K increases while the aggregated traffic density K is small in the road network area. When it becomes larger than the amount, the total traffic flow rate Q is saturated and decreases. This means that if the inflow control is not performed in a situation where an amount of vehicles exceeding the traffic processing capacity of the road network area flows, the total traffic density K of the road network area gradually increases and the total traffic flow rate Q This means that the situation deteriorates at an accelerated rate due to a decrease in vehicle processing capacity in the road network area.
　図２は、一実施形態に係る通行料金算出装置１００の一例を示す。通行料金算出装置１００は、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する装置である。 FIG. 2 shows an example of a toll calculation device 100 according to an embodiment. The toll calculation device 100 is a device that calculates a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads.
　通行料金算出装置１００は、交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０、通行料金算出部１４０、通行料金データ出力部１５０、通行料金データ配信部１６０、集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０、及び料金情報格納部１８０を備える。以下、各構成要素の機能及び動作を説明する。 The toll calculation device 100 includes a traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, a total QK relation calculation unit 120, a total traffic density K estimation unit 130, a toll calculation unit 140, a toll data output unit 150, and a toll data distribution unit. 160, a total QK related information storage unit 170, and a charge information storage unit 180. Hereinafter, the function and operation of each component will be described.
　交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０は、交通流シミュレータによってシミュレーションされた交通流シミュレーション結果を示すデータの入力を受け付ける。 The traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 receives input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result simulated by the traffic flow simulator.
　集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０は、道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、集計ＱＫ関係を算出する。 The total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.
　集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０は、道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋを推定する。 The total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K at a predetermined time based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area.
　通行料金算出部１４０は、集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する。より具体的に説明すると、通行料金算出部１４０は、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０が算出した集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する。また、通行料金算出部１４０は、集計ＱＫ関係と、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０が推定した集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する。 The toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time. More specifically, the toll calculation unit 140 is applied to the road network area based on the total QK relationship calculated by the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 and the estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time. Calculate tolls. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K estimated by the aggregate traffic density K estimation unit 130.
　通行料金データ出力部１５０は、通行料金算出部１４０が算出した道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を示すデータを出力する。 The toll charge data output unit 150 outputs data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculating unit 140.
　通行料金データ配信部１６０は、通行料金算出部１４０が算出した道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を示すデータを、車両の利用者の利用者端末へ配信する。 The toll charge data distribution unit 160 distributes data indicating the toll applied to the road network area calculated by the toll calculation unit 140 to the user terminal of the vehicle user.
　図３は、集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０に格納される情報の一例をテーブル形式で示す。集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０には、集計交通密度Ｋ（台／エリア）、及び集計交通流率Ｑ（台・ｋｍ／ｈ）の各情報が対応付けられて格納される。 FIG. 3 shows an example of information stored in the tabulated QK related information storage unit 170 in a table format. The total QK related information storage unit 170 stores the total traffic density K (unit / area) and total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) in association with each other.
　集計交通流率Ｋ（台／エリア）は、道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である。集計交通流率Ｑ（台・ｋｍ／ｈ）は、集計交通流率Ｋ（台／エリア）によって示される台数の車両が道路ネットワークエリア内に存在している場合において、道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の道路について、道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である。 The aggregate traffic flow rate K (unit / area) is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area. The total traffic flow rate Q (unit / km / h) is included in the road network area when the number of vehicles indicated by the total traffic flow rate K (unit / area) exists in the road network area. For roads to be evaluated, the value is the sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units.
　図４は、料金情報格納部１８０に格納されている情報の一例をテーブル形式で示す。料金情報格納部１８０には、集計交通流率Ｑの最大値ＱＭＡＸに対する割合（％）、集計交通密度ＫはＱＭＡＸに対応するＫＭＡＸよりも小さいか否か、及び通行料金（円）の各情報が対応付けられて格納されている。 FIG. 4 shows an example of information stored in the charge information storage unit 180 in a table format. The charge information storage unit 180 includes a ratio (%) of the total traffic flow rate Q to the maximum value Q MAX , whether the total traffic density K is smaller than K MAX corresponding to Q MAX , and the toll (yen) Each information is stored in association with each other.
　ここで、集計ＱＫ関係は、図１に示すように、弓なりの曲線を描いている。そして、集計交通流率Ｑは、集計交通密度Ｋが増加するにつれて上昇し、飽和すると、集計交通密度Ｋが更に増加するにつれて下降する。以下の説明においては、集計交通流率Ｑの変化が上昇から下降へ転じる時の集計交通流率Ｑの最大値をＱＭＡＸと称し、集計ＱＫ関係におけるＱＭＡＸに対応する集計交通密度Ｋの値をＫＭＡＸと称する。ここで、実際の運用においては、ＱＭＡＸに至ってからでは手遅れになる虞がある。そこで、本実施形態においては、ＱＭＡＸに対応する実際のＫＭＡＸよりも、例えば、５（％）～１０（％）程度低い集計交通密度Ｋの値を、ＫＭＡＸとして扱うことにする。 Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the total QK relationship draws a curved curve. The total traffic flow rate Q increases as the total traffic density K increases, and when saturated, the total traffic flow rate Q decreases as the total traffic density K further increases. In the following explanation, the maximum value of the aggregate traffic flow rate Q when the change in the aggregate traffic flow rate Q changes from rising to falling is referred to as Q MAX, and the value of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q MAX in the aggregate QK relationship Is referred to as K MAX . Here, in the actual operation, it is from led to Q MAX there is a risk that it's too late. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a value of the aggregate traffic density K lower by about 5 (%) to 10 (%), for example, than the actual K MAX corresponding to Q MAX is treated as K MAX .
　図５は、通行料金算出装置１００の動作フローの一例を示す。この動作フローは、集計ＱＫ関係を算出する動作を示すものである。なおまた、この動作フローの説明には、図１から図４を共に参照する。 FIG. 5 shows an example of an operation flow of the toll calculation device 100. This operation flow shows an operation of calculating the total QK relationship. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.
　通行料金算出装置１００は、交通流シミュレータによる道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、集計ＱＫ関係を算出する。交通流シミュレーションとは、実際の道路の状況をコンピュータで模擬的に再現し、事前に評価するものである。 The toll calculation device 100 calculates the aggregate QK relationship based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator. In the traffic flow simulation, the actual road conditions are simulated on a computer and evaluated in advance.
　通行料金算出装置１００の交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０は、道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果を示すデータの入力を、交通流シミュレータから受け付けると（Ｓ１０１）、そのデータを、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０へ送る。 When the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 receives an input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S101), the data is calculated as a total QK relationship. Send to section 120.
　通行料金算出装置１００の集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０は、交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０から送られたデータを受け取ると、道路ネットワークエリアの集計ＱＫ関係を算出する（Ｓ１０２）。例えば、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０は、交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０から受け取ったデータによって示される道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果から、所定タイミングにおける集計交通密度Ｋの値と、その時の集計交通流率Ｑの値とをそれぞれ算出し、両値を対応付ける処理を経時的に繰り返す。そして、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０は、対応する集計交通流率Ｑと集計交通密度Ｋとの複数の組合せに対する曲線あてはめを行って、集計ＱＫ関係を示す曲線の関数を算出する。そして、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０は、複数の集計交通密度Ｋの値と、その各集計交通密度Ｋの値を算出した関数に代入して得られる各集計交通流率Ｑとを対応付けて集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０に格納する（Ｓ１０３）。 When receiving the data sent from the traffic flow simulation result data input receiving unit 110, the total QK relationship calculating unit 120 of the toll calculation device 100 calculates the total QK relationship of the road network area (S102). For example, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 calculates the total traffic density K at a predetermined timing and the total at that time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data received from the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110. The value of the traffic flow rate Q is calculated and the process of associating both values is repeated over time. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 performs curve fitting for a plurality of combinations of the corresponding total traffic flow rate Q and total traffic density K, and calculates a curve function indicating the total QK relationship. Then, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120 associates the total traffic density K values with the total traffic flow rates Q obtained by substituting the calculated total traffic density K values into the calculated function. The data is stored in the QK related information storage unit 170 (S103).
　このようにして、通行料金算出装置１００の集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０には、道路ネットワークエリアの集計ＱＫ関係を示す情報が格納されることになる。なおまた、この一連の処理は、少なくとも道路ネットワークエリアの環境が変化する度に実行されるものとする。道路ネットワークエリアの環境の変化とは、例えば、交通事故の影響により道路が封鎖されたり、新たな商業施設が開店したりすることにより、その道路ネットワークエリア内において車両が通行する経路の傾向が変化するような場合を指す。 In this way, information indicating the total QK relationship of the road network area is stored in the total QK relationship information storage unit 170 of the toll calculation device 100. This series of processing is executed at least every time the environment of the road network area changes. A change in the environment of a road network area means that, for example, a road is blocked due to the influence of a traffic accident, or a new commercial facility is opened. This is the case.
　図６は、通行料金算出装置１００の動作フローの他の例を示す。この動作フローは、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する動作を示すものである。なおまた、この動作フローの説明には、図１から図５を共に参照する。 FIG. 6 shows another example of the operation flow of the toll calculation device 100. This operation flow shows an operation of calculating a toll applied to the road network area. It should be noted that the description of this operation flow will be made with reference to FIGS.
　通行料金算出装置１００は、交通流シミュレータによる道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、その道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する。 The toll calculation device 100 calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area by the traffic flow simulator.
　通行料金算出装置１００の交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０は、道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果を示すデータの入力を、交通流シミュレータから受け付けると（Ｓ２０１）、そのデータを、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０へ送る。 When the traffic flow simulation result data input accepting unit 110 of the toll calculation device 100 accepts input of data indicating the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area from the traffic flow simulator (S201), the traffic density simulation K This is sent to the estimation unit 130.
　通行料金算出装置１００の集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０は、交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０から送られたデータを受け取ると、そのデータによって示される道路ネットワークエリアの交通流シミュレーション結果から、所定時刻における集計交通密度Ｋを推定する（Ｓ２０２）。例えば、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０は、５分後の集計交通密度Ｋを推定する。そして、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０は、推定した集計交通密度Ｋの推定値ＫＥＳＴを示すデータを、通行料金算出部１４０へ送る。 When the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 of the toll calculation device 100 receives the data sent from the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, the traffic density simulation K estimation unit 130 determines the predetermined time from the traffic flow simulation result of the road network area indicated by the data. The total traffic density K at is estimated (S202). For example, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 estimates the total traffic density K after 5 minutes. Then, the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 sends data indicating the estimated total traffic density K estimated value K EST to the toll calculation unit 140.
　通行料金算出装置１００の通行料金算出部１４０は、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０から送られたデータを受け取ると、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する（Ｓ２０３）。例えば、通行料金算出部１４０は、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０から送られたデータを受け取ると、集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０に格納されている情報を読み出す。そして、通行料金算出部１４０は、集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０から読み出した情報に基づいて、集計交通流率Ｑの最大値ＱＭＡＸの値を特定する。また、通行料金算出部１４０は、ＱＭＡＸに対応する集計交通密度Ｋの値ＫＭＡＸを特定する。また、通行料金算出部１４０は、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０から受け取ったデータによって示されるＫＥＳＴに対応する集計交通流率Ｑの値ＱＥＳＴを特定する。そして、通行料金算出部１４０は、ＱＭＡＸに対するＱＥＳＴの割合を算出する。また、通行料金算出部１４０は、ＫＭＡＸとＫＥＳＴとを比較する。そして、通行料金算出部１４０は、料金情報格納部１８０に格納されている情報と、ＱＭＡＸに対するＱＥＳＴの割合と、ＫＭＡＸとＫＥＳＴとの比較結果とに基づいて、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する。例えば、料金情報格納部１８０には、図４に示すような情報が格納されていたとする。そして、ＱＭＡＸに対するＱＥＳＴの割合が４７（％）で、かつＫＥＳＴがＫＭＡＸよりも小さい場合、通行料金算出部１４０は、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を５００（円）とする。そして、通行料金算出部１４０は、通行料金を示す通行料金データを、通行料金データ出力部１５０、及び通行料金データ配信部１６０へ送る。 When the toll calculation unit 140 of the toll calculation device 100 receives the data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, it calculates the toll applied to the road network area (S203). For example, when the toll calculation unit 140 receives data sent from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130, the toll calculation unit 140 reads information stored in the total QK related information storage unit 170. Then, the toll calculation unit 140 identifies the value of the maximum value Q MAX of the total traffic flow rate Q based on the information read from the total QK related information storage unit 170. In addition, the toll calculation unit 140 specifies a value K MAX of the aggregate traffic density K corresponding to Q MAX . The toll calculation unit 140 also specifies a value Q EST of the total traffic flow rate Q corresponding to K EST indicated by the data received from the total traffic density K estimation unit 130. The toll calculation unit 140 calculates the ratio of Q EST to Q MAX . Further, the toll calculation unit 140 compares K MAX and K EST . The toll calculator 140 applies the information stored in the price information storage unit 180, and the ratio of Q EST for Q MAX, based on the comparison result between K MAX and K EST, the road network area Calculate the toll that will be charged. For example, it is assumed that the charge information storage unit 180 stores information as shown in FIG. When the ratio of Q EST to Q MAX is 47 (%) and K EST is smaller than K MAX , the toll calculation unit 140 sets the toll applied to the road network area to 500 (yen). . Then, the toll calculation unit 140 sends toll data indicating the toll to the toll data output unit 150 and the toll data distribution unit 160.
　通行料金算出装置１００の通行料金データ出力部１５０は、通行料金算出部１４０から送られた通行料金データを受け取ると、その通行料金データを外部機器へ出力する（Ｓ２０４）。例えば、通行料金データ出力部１５０は、通行料金データによって示される通行料金を表示画面に表示させるためのデータをディスプレイへ出力する。この場合、ディスプレイには、道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金が表示されることになる。道路ネットワークエリアの管理者は、ディスプレイに表示された通行料金を適用すべく所定の作業を行えばよいことになる。 When the toll data output unit 150 of the toll calculator 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculator 140, it outputs the toll data to an external device (S204). For example, the toll fee data output unit 150 outputs data for displaying on the display screen the toll indicated by the toll data. In this case, the toll applied to the road network area is displayed on the display. The administrator of the road network area has only to perform a predetermined operation to apply the toll displayed on the display.
　また、例えば、通行料金データ出力部１５０は、通行料金データを、道路ネットワークエリアの通行料金を収受する料金所装置へ出力する。この場合、料金所装置には、収受すべき通行料金の設定が自動的に適用されることになる。 Also, for example, the toll data output unit 150 outputs the toll data to a toll gate device that collects tolls in the road network area. In this case, the setting of the toll to be received is automatically applied to the toll gate device.
　一方、通行料金算出装置１００の通行料金データ配信部１６０は、通行料金算出部１４０から送られた通行料金データを受け取ると、その通行料金データを車両の利用者の利用者端末へ配信する（Ｓ２０５）。ここで、利用者端末は、携帯電話、ＰＤＡ（Ｐｅｒｓｏｎａｌ　Ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ　Ａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｔｓ）等の携帯情報端末、パソコン、及び車載器を含む。このようにして、車両の利用者は、道路ネットワークエリアの通行料金を知ることができる。なおまた、この一連の処理は、所定時間置きに実行されるものとする。 On the other hand, when the toll data distribution unit 160 of the toll calculating device 100 receives the toll data sent from the toll calculating unit 140, it distributes the toll data to the user terminal of the vehicle user (S205). ). Here, the user terminal includes a mobile information terminal such as a mobile phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), a personal computer, and an in-vehicle device. In this way, the vehicle user can know the toll for the road network area. In addition, this series of processes shall be performed every predetermined time.
　以上説明したように、通行料金算出装置１００は、既知の技術と比較して、道路ネットワークエリアの交通現況に対して最適な通行料金を算出することができる。 As described above, the toll calculation device 100 can calculate the optimum toll for the current traffic situation in the road network area as compared with the known technology.
　図７は、通行料金算出装置１００をコンピュータ等の電子情報処理装置で構成した場合のハードウェア構成の一例を示す。通行料金算出装置１００は、ＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）周辺部と、入出力部と、レガシー入出力部とを備える。ＣＰＵ周辺部は、ホスト・コントローラ８０１により相互に接続されるＣＰＵ８０２、ＲＡＭ（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ　Ａｃｃｅｓｓ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）８０３、グラフィック・コントローラ８０４、及び表示装置８０５を有する。入出力部は、入出力コントローラ８０６によりホスト・コントローラ８０１に接続される通信インターフェース８０７、ハードディスクドライブ８０８、及びＣＤ－ＲＯＭ（Ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ　Ｄｉｓｋ　Ｒｅａｄ　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）ドライブ８０９を有する。レガシー入出力部は、入出力コントローラ８０６に接続されるＲＯＭ（Ｒｅａｄ　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）８１０、フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ８１１、及び入出力チップ８１２を有する。 FIG. 7 shows an example of a hardware configuration when the toll calculation device 100 is configured by an electronic information processing device such as a computer. The toll calculation device 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) peripheral part, an input / output part, and a legacy input / output part. The CPU peripheral section includes a CPU 802, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 803, a graphic controller 804, and a display device 805 that are connected to each other by a host controller 801. The input / output unit includes a communication interface 807, a hard disk drive 808, and a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Only Memory) drive 809 connected to the host controller 801 by the input / output controller 806. The legacy input / output unit includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 810, a flexible disk drive 811, and an input / output chip 812 connected to the input / output controller 806.
　ホスト・コントローラ８０１は、ＲＡＭ８０３と、高い転送レートでＲＡＭ８０３をアクセスするＣＰＵ８０２、及びグラフィック・コントローラ８０４とを接続する。ＣＰＵ８０２は、ＲＯＭ８１０、及びＲＡＭ８０３に格納されたプログラムに基づいて動作して、各部の制御をする。グラフィック・コントローラ８０４は、ＣＰＵ８０２等がＲＡＭ８０３内に設けたフレーム・バッファ上に生成する画像データを取得して、表示装置８０５上に表示させる。これに代えて、グラフィック・コントローラ８０４は、ＣＰＵ８０２等が生成する画像データを格納するフレーム・バッファを、内部に含んでもよい。 The host controller 801 connects the RAM 803, the CPU 802 that accesses the RAM 803 at a high transfer rate, and the graphic controller 804. The CPU 802 operates based on programs stored in the ROM 810 and the RAM 803 to control each unit. The graphic controller 804 acquires image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like on a frame buffer provided in the RAM 803 and displays the image data on the display device 805. Alternatively, the graphic controller 804 may include a frame buffer for storing image data generated by the CPU 802 or the like.
　入出力コントローラ８０６は、ホスト・コントローラ８０１と、比較的高速な入出力装置であるハードディスクドライブ８０８、通信インターフェース８０７、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭドライブ８０９を接続する。ハードディスクドライブ８０８は、ＣＰＵ８０２が使用するプログラム、及びデータを格納する。通信インターフェース８０７は、ネットワーク通信装置８９１に接続してプログラム又はデータを送受信する。ＣＤ－ＲＯＭドライブ８０９は、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ８９２からプログラム又はデータを読み取り、ＲＡＭ８０３を介してハードディスクドライブ８０８、及び通信インターフェース８０７に提供する。 The input / output controller 806 connects the host controller 801 to the hard disk drive 808, the communication interface 807, and the CD-ROM drive 809, which are relatively high-speed input / output devices. The hard disk drive 808 stores programs and data used by the CPU 802. The communication interface 807 is connected to the network communication device 891 to transmit / receive programs or data. The CD-ROM drive 809 reads a program or data from the CD-ROM 892 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803.
　入出力コントローラ８０６には、ＲＯＭ８１０と、フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ８１１、及び入出力チップ８１２の比較的低速な入出力装置とが接続される。ＲＯＭ８１０は、通行料金算出装置１００が起動時に実行するブート・プログラム、あるいは通行料金算出装置１００のハードウェアに依存するプログラム等を格納する。フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ８１１は、フレキシブルディスク８９３からプログラム又はデータを読み取り、ＲＡＭ８０３を介してハードディスクドライブ８０８、及び通信インターフェース８０７に提供する。入出力チップ８１２は、フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ８１１、あるいはパラレル・ポート、シリアル・ポート、キーボード・ポート、マウス・ポート等を介して各種の入出力装置を接続する。 The input / output controller 806 is connected to the ROM 810, the flexible disk drive 811, and the relatively low-speed input / output device of the input / output chip 812. The ROM 810 stores a boot program executed when the toll calculation device 100 is started or a program depending on the hardware of the toll calculation device 100. The flexible disk drive 811 reads a program or data from the flexible disk 893 and provides it to the hard disk drive 808 and the communication interface 807 via the RAM 803. The input / output chip 812 connects various input / output devices via a flexible disk drive 811 or a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, and the like.
　ＣＰＵ８０２が実行するプログラムは、フレキシブルディスク８９３、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ８９２、又はＩＣ（Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ　Ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔ）カード等の記録媒体に格納されて利用者によって提供される。記録媒体に格納されたプログラムは圧縮されていても非圧縮であってもよい。プログラムは、記録媒体からハードディスクドライブ８０８にインストールされ、ＲＡＭ８０３に読み出されてＣＰＵ８０２により実行される。ＣＰＵ８０２により実行されるプログラムは、通行料金算出装置１００を、図１から図６に関連して説明した交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部１１０、集計ＱＫ関係算出部１２０、集計交通密度Ｋ推定部１３０、通行料金算出部１４０、通行料金データ出力部１５０、通行料金データ配信部１６０、集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部１７０、及び料金情報格納部１８０として機能させる。 The program executed by the CPU 802 is stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk 893, a CD-ROM 892, or an IC (Integrated Circuit) card and provided by the user. The program stored in the recording medium may be compressed or uncompressed. The program is installed in the hard disk drive 808 from the recording medium, read into the RAM 803, and executed by the CPU 802. The program executed by the CPU 802 uses the toll calculation device 100 as the traffic flow simulation result data input reception unit 110, the total QK relationship calculation unit 120, and the total traffic density K estimation unit 130 described with reference to FIGS. , Toll calculation unit 140, toll data output unit 150, toll data distribution unit 160, total QK related information storage unit 170, and toll information storage unit 180.
　以上に示したプログラムは、外部の記憶媒体に格納されてもよい。記憶媒体としては、フレキシブルディスク８９３、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ８９２の他に、ＤＶＤ（Ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ　Ｖｅｒｓａｔｉｌｅ　Ｄｉｓｋ）又はＰＤ（Ｐｈａｓｅ　Ｄｉｓｋ）等の光学記録媒体、ＭＤ（ＭｉｎｉＤｉｓｋ）等の光磁気記録媒体、テープ媒体、ＩＣカード等の半導体メモリ等を用いることができる。また、専用通信ネットワークあるいはインターネットに接続されたサーバシステムに設けたハードディスク又はＲＡＭ等の記憶媒体を記録媒体として使用して、ネットワークを介したプログラムとして提供してもよい。 The programs shown above may be stored in an external storage medium. As a storage medium, in addition to a flexible disk 893 and a CD-ROM 892, an optical recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) or PD (Phase Disk), a magneto-optical recording medium such as an MD (MiniDisk), a tape medium, and an IC card A semiconductor memory or the like can be used. Further, a storage medium such as a hard disk or a RAM provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet may be used as a recording medium and provided as a program via the network.
　以上、本発明を実施の形態を用いて説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は、上記実施の形態に記載の範囲には限定されない。上記実施の形態に、多様な変更又は改良を加えることが可能であることが当業者に明らかである。そのような変更又は改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれ得ることが、特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。 As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be added to the above embodiment. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
　本発明は、複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置、当該通行料金算出装置を制御する制御方法、並びに当該通行料金算出装置用のプログラムに関する。本発明によれば、道路ネットワークエリアの交通現況に対して最適な通行料金を算出することができる。 The present invention relates to a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, a control method for controlling the toll calculating device, and a program for the toll calculating device. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the optimal toll can be calculated with respect to the traffic condition of a road network area.
１００　通行料金算出装置
１１０　交通流シミュレーション結果データ入力受付部
１２０　集計ＱＫ関係算出部
１３０　集計交通密度Ｋ推定部
１４０　通行料金算出部
１５０　通行料金データ出力部
１６０　通行料金データ配信部
１７０　集計ＱＫ関係情報格納部
１８０　料金情報格納部
８０１　ホスト・コントローラ
８０２　ＣＰＵ
８０３　ＲＡＭ
８０４　グラフィック・コントローラ
８０５　表示装置
８０６　入出力コントローラ
８０７　通信インターフェース
８０８　ハードディスクドライブ
８０９　ＣＤ－ＲＯＭドライブ
８１０　ＲＯＭ
８１１　フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ
８１２　入出力チップ
８９１　ネットワーク通信装置
８９２　ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ
８９３　フレキシブルディスク 100 Toll Charge Calculation Device 110 Traffic Flow Simulation Result Data Input Accepting Unit 120 Aggregated QK Relationship Calculation Unit 130 Aggregated Traffic Density K Estimation Unit 140 Toll Charge Calculation Unit 150 Toll Data Output Unit 160 Toll Data Distribution Unit 170 Aggregated QK Related Information Store Unit 180 charge information storage unit 801 host controller 802 CPU
803 RAM
804 Graphic controller 805 Display device 806 Input / output controller 807 Communication interface 808 Hard disk drive 809 CD-ROM drive 810 ROM
811 Flexible disk drive 812 I / O chip 891 Network communication device 892 CD-ROM
893 Flexible disk

Claims (6)

  1. 　複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置であって、
    　前記道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の前記道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、前記道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における前記集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出部を備える通行料金算出装置。     A toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads,
    A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A toll calculation device comprising a toll calculation unit for calculating the toll.
  2. 　前記道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の前記道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、前記道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係を算出する集計ＱＫ関係算出部を更に備え、
    　前記通行料金算出部は、前記集計ＱＫ関係算出部が算出した集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における前記集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する請求項１に記載の通行料金算出装置。     Based on the traffic flow simulation result in the road network area, the value is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated in road units for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. A tally QK relationship calculating unit that calculates a tally QK relationship indicating a correlation between the tally traffic flow rate Q and a tally traffic density K that is the number of all vehicles present in the road network area;
    The toll calculation unit calculates a toll applied to the road network area based on the aggregate QK relationship calculated by the aggregate QK relationship calculation unit and the estimated value of the aggregate traffic density K at a predetermined time. The toll calculation device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記道路ネットワークエリアにおける交通流シミュレーション結果に基づいて、所定時刻における前記集計交通密度Ｋを推定する集計交通密度Ｋ推定部を更に備え、
    　前記通行料金算出部は、前記道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の前記道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、前記道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、前記集計交通密度Ｋ推定部が推定した集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する請求項１又は２に記載の通行料金算出装置。     A total traffic density K estimation unit for estimating the total traffic density K at a predetermined time based on a traffic flow simulation result in the road network area;
    The toll calculation unit includes a total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area. The total QK relationship indicating the correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles existing in the road network area, and the estimated value of the total traffic density K estimated by the total traffic density K estimation unit The toll calculation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a toll applied to the road network area is calculated based on the toll.
  4. 　前記通行料金算出部が算出した前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を示すデータを、車両の利用者の利用者端末へ配信する通行料金データ配信部を更に備える請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の通行料金算出装置。 The toll data distribution part which distributes the data which show the toll applied to the said road network area which the said toll calculation part calculated to the user terminal of the user of a vehicle is provided further. The toll calculation device according to one item.
  5. 　複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置を制御する制御方法であって、
    　前記道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の前記道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、前記道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における前記集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出段階を備える制御方法。     A control method for controlling a toll calculation device that calculates a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads,
    A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A control method comprising a toll calculation step for calculating the toll.
  6. 　複数の道路から構成される道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出装置用のプログラムであって、前記通行料金算出装置を、
    　前記道路ネットワークエリアに内包される評価対象の前記道路について道路単位で算定される単位時間あたりにおける単位距離あたりの車両の台数を合算した値である集計交通流率Ｑと、前記道路ネットワークエリア内に存在する全ての車両の台数である集計交通密度Ｋとの相関関係を示す集計ＱＫ関係と、所定時刻における前記集計交通密度Ｋの推定値とに基づいて、前記道路ネットワークエリアに適用される通行料金を算出する通行料金算出部として機能させるプログラム。     A program for a toll calculation device for calculating a toll applied to a road network area composed of a plurality of roads, the toll calculating device comprising:
    A total traffic flow rate Q, which is a sum of the number of vehicles per unit distance per unit time calculated for each road for the road to be evaluated included in the road network area, and within the road network area A toll applied to the road network area based on a total QK relationship indicating a correlation with the total traffic density K, which is the number of all vehicles present, and an estimated value of the total traffic density K at a predetermined time A program that functions as a toll calculation unit that calculates
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