WO2013029559A1 - 一种变换块位置信息的获取方法和模块 - Google Patents

一种变换块位置信息的获取方法和模块 Download PDF

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WO2013029559A1
WO2013029559A1 PCT/CN2012/080856 CN2012080856W WO2013029559A1 WO 2013029559 A1 WO2013029559 A1 WO 2013029559A1 CN 2012080856 W CN2012080856 W CN 2012080856W WO 2013029559 A1 WO2013029559 A1 WO 2013029559A1
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transform block
block
parameter
division
transform
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PCT/CN2012/080856
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郑萧桢
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP12826856.2A priority Critical patent/EP2680584A4/en
Publication of WO2013029559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013029559A1/zh
Priority to US14/082,313 priority patent/US9401031B2/en
Priority to US15/188,501 priority patent/US9866847B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T9/00Image coding
    • G06T9/007Transform coding, e.g. discrete cosine transform
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/119Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/12Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
    • H04N19/122Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/46Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/96Tree coding, e.g. quad-tree coding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a module for acquiring transform block location information. Background technique
  • video data may be compressed using a variety of video compression methods, including: intra-frame compression and inter-frame compression.
  • the interframe compression method based on motion estimation is used.
  • the encoding end of the image uses an interframe compression method to compress and encode the image, and the encoding end includes: the encoding end divides the image block to be encoded into a plurality of equal-sized sub-image blocks, and then, for each sub-image block, in the reference image.
  • the bit stream and the motion vector information obtained by entropy coding are sent to the decoding end, wherein the motion vector information indicates a position difference between the current sub-image block and the prediction block.
  • the entropy encoded bit stream is first obtained, and entropy decoding is performed to obtain a corresponding residual, and corresponding motion vector information; and then corresponding matching image blocks are obtained in the reference image according to the motion vector information (ie, the above prediction block) And adding, according to the value of each pixel in the matching image block and the value of the corresponding pixel in the residual value, the value of each pixel in the current sub-image block is obtained.
  • Intra prediction refers to predicting an image block by using information in the image to obtain a prediction block, and the encoding end obtains pixels corresponding to the prediction block according to the prediction mode, the prediction direction, and the pixel values around the image block, and the image block pixel and the prediction block.
  • the pixel is subtracted to obtain a residual, and the residual is transformed into the code stream after being transformed, quantized and entropy encoded; the decoding end parses the code stream, and performs entropy decoding, inverse quantization, and inverse transform on the code stream to obtain a residual block, and the decoding end is obtained according to the decoding end.
  • the prediction mode, the prediction direction, and the pixel values around the image block are obtained as prediction blocks, and the residual block pixels are added to the prediction block pixels to obtain a reconstructed image block.
  • the coding unit is an image block that is operated when encoding or decoding is performed on the encoding end or the decoding end.
  • the prediction unit is an image block having an independent prediction mode in the coding unit.
  • a prediction unit may include a plurality of prediction blocks, and the prediction block is an image block in which the coding unit performs a prediction operation.
  • a transform unit is an image block that performs a transform operation in a coding unit, and may also be referred to as a transform block. Considering that the correlation of the difference signal inside the prediction block is strong, and the large block transformation is smaller than the small block transformation energy. Concentrated performance is higher.
  • an image block may contain one or more prediction blocks, which are predicted in units of prediction blocks at the codec end; meanwhile, one image block contains one or more transform blocks, and the codec is in units of transform blocks. Make a transformation.
  • an image block, or macroblock, super-macroblock, etc. is divided into several sub-image blocks, and the size of these sub-image blocks can be 64x64. , 64x32, 32x64, 32x32, 32x 16, 16x32, 16x 16, 16x8, 8x 16, 8x8, 8x4, 4x8, 4x4, etc., the image block performs pixel prediction, motion estimation, and motion compensation in units of these sub-image blocks.
  • the coding end of the image sends the information of the image block division manner to the decoding end of the image through the code stream, so that the decoding end of the image knows the division manner of the image coding end, and performs corresponding decoding operations according to the division manner.
  • these sub-image blocks are rectangular blocks of ⁇ ( ⁇ and ⁇ are integers greater than 0), and ⁇ and ⁇ have a multiple relationship.
  • the transform matrix can be used to remove the redundant information of the image block, so as to improve the coding efficiency
  • the transformation of the data block in the image block usually adopts a two-dimensional transform, that is, the data block is used at the encoding end.
  • the residual information is multiplied by a transform matrix and its transposed matrix, respectively, and multiplied to obtain transform coefficients.
  • 7 and 7' represent the transformation matrix and the transposed matrix of the transformation matrix
  • / represents the transformation coefficient matrix obtained by transforming the residual information of the data block.
  • the transformation matrix may be Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) matrix, Integer Transform matrix, KL transform (KLT) matrix, etc.
  • DCT Discrete Cosine Transform
  • KLT KL transform
  • Performing the above processing on the residual information of the image block is equivalent to converting the residual information of the image block from the spatial domain to the frequency domain, and the processed transform coefficient matrix/concentrated in the low frequency region; the residual information of the image block to the image block
  • the transformed coefficient matrix obtained by the conversion is subjected to quantization, entropy coding, and the like, and then the bit stream obtained by the entropy coding is transmitted to the decoding end.
  • the encoding end sends the indication information indicating the transformation matrix used by the current image block to the decoding end.
  • the subsequent decoding end determines the transform matrix used by the encoding end according to the indication information, and decodes the bit stream sent by the encoding end according to the characteristics of the transform matrix (orthogonality of the transform matrix, etc.) to obtain a transform coefficient matrix, and the transform coefficient matrix and The transformation matrix and its transposed matrix are multiplied to recover the residual information of the data block that is approximately consistent with the encoding end.
  • the above steps can be described using the following formula:
  • 7 and 7' represent the transformation matrix of the transformation matrix and the transformation matrix
  • / represents the matrix of the transformation coefficients obtained by the decoding end.
  • the transformation matrix using a certain size often does not achieve a good transformation effect. Therefore, in the prior art, attempts are made to use different size transformation matrices for the residual of the image block. (also known as transform block). Therefore, for a 2Nx2N image block, a transform matrix of size 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ can be used, or a transform matrix of size ⁇ can be used, or the size is A transformation matrix of 0.5Nx0.5N.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring location information of a transform block, including: obtaining a division manner of an image block; obtaining division direction information according to a division manner of the image block and a division layer number of the transformation block; The position information of the divided transform block is obtained.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for acquiring transform block location information, including: obtaining split direction information according to information of a transform block and an image block partition manner, where the information of the transform block includes a width and a location of the transform block. The height of the transform block is obtained; the position information of the divided transform block is obtained according to the split direction information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a transform block location information acquiring module, which includes: a partitioning mode obtaining module, configured to obtain a dividing manner of an image block; and a dividing direction information obtaining module, configured to divide according to the image block partitioning manner And dividing the number of layers of the transform block to obtain the split direction information; and the location information obtaining module, configured to obtain the location information of the divided transform block according to the split direction information, or
  • the method includes: a division mode obtaining module, configured to obtain an image block division manner; a division direction information obtaining module, configured to obtain the division direction information according to the width and height numerical relationship of the transformation block and the image block division manner, or according to the width of the transformation block And the high value relationship obtains the split direction information; and the location information obtaining module, configured to obtain the location information of the divided transform block according to the split direction information.
  • the method and module for acquiring transform block location information provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtain the split direction information according to the division manner and the number of layers of the image block, and then encode the size information of the transform block according to the split direction information, thereby effectively reducing the size information.
  • the complexity of the encoding process DRAWINGS
  • Figure la- Figure Id is a schematic diagram of an example of a symmetric division of image blocks.
  • 2a-2d are schematic diagrams of examples of asymmetric division of image blocks.
  • 3a-3c are schematic diagrams of transform blocks corresponding to different number of layers.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a method for acquiring transform block location information according to an embodiment of the present invention. .
  • FIGS 5a and 5b are schematic illustrations of transform blocks in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 and 7 are schematic views of a transform block of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of a method for acquiring transform block location information according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a transform block location information acquiring module according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Figure la- Figure Id is a schematic diagram of an example of a symmetric division of image blocks.
  • an image block is divided into sub-image blocks
  • 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ division mode the image block contains only one sub-image block, that is, the image block is not divided into smaller sub-image blocks, as shown in FIG. 1
  • 2 ⁇ division mode The image block is divided into two sub-image blocks of equal size, as shown in FIG. 1b
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ division mode the image block is divided into two sub-image blocks of the same size as the left and right, as shown in FIG. 1c
  • the image block is divided into four equal-sized sub-image blocks, as shown in Figure Id.
  • N is any positive integer, indicating the number of pixels.
  • 2a-2d are schematic views of examples of asymmetric division of image blocks.
  • the image block can also be used in an asymmetric division, as shown in Figures 2a to 2d.
  • the upper sub-image block has two variable lengths of 2N and 0.5N
  • the lower sub-image block has two variable lengths of 2N and 1.5N.
  • U in 2NxnU indicates that the image dividing line moves relative to the vertical bisector of the image block
  • 0 is less than or equal to 1.
  • nLx2N indicates that the image dividing line is shifted leftward relative to the vertical bisector of the image block
  • the left sub-image block has two variable lengths of 1.5N and 2N
  • the right sub-image block has two variable lengths of 0.5N.
  • R in nRx2N indicates that the image dividing line is shifted rightward with respect to the vertical bisector of the image block
  • 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ , Nx2N, 2NxnU, 2NxnD, nLx2N, and nRx2N all indicate the type of prediction block corresponding to the image block division mode.
  • the image block or the transform block is divided into a plurality of sub-image blocks arranged in the vertical direction by the horizontal dividing line or the division manner of the transform block or the prediction block is a horizontal division mode, and the division is performed at this time.
  • the direction is a horizontal division direction
  • the above 2NxN division manner, 2NxnU division manner, and 2NxnD division manner are collectively referred to as a horizontal division manner
  • the image block or the transformation block is divided into a plurality of sub-image blocks or transformation blocks arranged in a horizontal direction by a vertical division line or
  • the division mode of the prediction block is the vertical division mode.
  • the division direction used is the vertical division direction
  • the above Nx2N division manner, nLx2N division manner, and nRx2N division manner are collectively referred to as vertical division manner.
  • the image block or the transform block is divided into four sub-image blocks or transform blocks or prediction blocks by horizontal dividing lines, and the dividing manner is horizontal and vertical dividing manner, and the dividing direction used in this time is horizontal and vertical dividing directions
  • the NxN division method is horizontal and vertical division.
  • the tree identification method can be used to identify the transform blocks layer by layer.
  • identification information corresponding to the transform block is determined, and it is determined according to the identification information whether the transform block is divided into smaller-sized transform blocks.
  • Figures 3a-3c are schematic diagrams of transform blocks corresponding to different number of layers.
  • the code stream is set to identify whether the zeroth partition layer of the transform block uses an indication bit of size 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ transformation matrix (identification information). ), if the transform block uses a 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ transform matrix (as shown in Figure 3a), the indicator bit is 0. If the transform block does not use the 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ transform, then the indication bit is 1, indicating that the 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ transform matrix needs to be further divided into four transform matrices of size ⁇ , and the first partition is identified by 4 bits in the code stream. Whether each layer of the transformation matrix whose size is ⁇ is further divided. If the transform block uses the transform structure as shown in Fig. 3b, all 4 bits are 0, indicating that each transform matrix of size ⁇ is not further divided.
  • 2 out of 4 bits are 0 and 2 bits are 1.
  • the fact that 2 bits are 0 means that the transformation matrix of size ⁇ for the lower left and upper right is no longer divided.
  • the fact that two bits are 1 indicates that the transform matrix of size ⁇ of the upper left and lower right needs to be further divided to obtain a transform matrix having a size of 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 ,, and the transform block corresponds to the third partition layer.
  • 4 bits are used to indicate whether the transformation matrix of the upper left dimension of 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ needs to be further divided in the second layer structure, and 4 bits are used to indicate whether the size of the lower right is required to be 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ .
  • the transform matrix is further divided.
  • the transform block uses the transform structure as shown in Fig. 3c, the above 4 + 4 bits are all 0, indicating that the partition is not further divided.
  • the transform block size used by the image block and the sub-image block can be effectively and flexibly represented by layer-by-layer identification in the code stream as described above.
  • the layer-by-layer identification method at the decoding end is the inverse process of the above coding end.
  • the zeroth layer used to identify the transform block in the code stream uses an indication bit (identification information) of a size of 2Nx2N transformation matrix
  • the value of the indication bit is 0, it indicates that the transform block uses a 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ transform, using the figure
  • the structure shown in 3a if the indication bit is 1, it means that the transformation matrix of size 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ needs to be further divided into four transformation matrices of size ⁇ , and the decoding of the code stream is continued to obtain 4 bits to identify each size as ⁇ .
  • the transformation matrix is further divided. If the 4 bits are all 0, it means that each transform matrix of size ⁇ is not further divided, and the structure shown in FIG. 3b is used; if 2 bits of 4 bits are 0 and 2 bits are 1, Then use the structure shown in Figure 3c.
  • the partition layer corresponding to the transform block is used to identify the number of partition layers in which the transform block is located.
  • the transform block size corresponding to the zeroth division layer of the transform block is identical to the image block size or the prediction block size or a specific block size.
  • the size of the transform block based on the type of prediction block used by the image block.
  • Different prediction block types correspond to different image block division modes, and prediction blocks can be obtained according to the division manner of image blocks.
  • the 2 ⁇ division means that the corresponding prediction block has a size of 2 ⁇ (as shown in Figure lb).
  • the residual data corresponding to the boundary of two prediction blocks may have a hopping transformation. Therefore, if the transformation matrix crosses the boundary of two prediction blocks, the effect of the transformation is weakened, which cannot be effectively Removing the correlation of residuals of image blocks cannot effectively remove redundant information of image blocks and reduce coding efficiency.
  • the size of the transformation matrix is not associated with the size of the prediction block.
  • the 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ image block uses the 2 ⁇ division mode, since the division method reflects the texture information of the region where the image block is located, the texture of the region where the image block is located tends to have the feature of horizontal texture, but this The image block still uses the ⁇ transform block.
  • the transformation matrix Since the size of the transformation matrix is not associated with the size of the prediction block, the transformation matrix does not utilize the information of the prediction block to effectively remove the redundant information of the image block, thereby affecting the coding efficiency.
  • the transform block adapted to the partition mode is used, so that the image compression efficiency can be improved.
  • the present invention obtains the division direction of the transform block according to the division layer number of the transform block and the division manner of the image block, thereby obtaining the position information of the divided transform block, or obtaining the transform block according to the division information of the transform block and the division manner of the image block.
  • Dividing direction then, obtaining corresponding residual data according to the position information of the divided transform block at the encoding end, and then transforming the residual data; obtaining residual data after inverse transform at the decoding end, according to the transformed transform block according to the partition
  • the location information and the residual data are obtained to obtain a decoded image block.
  • the present invention considers the division manner of the image block, the number of division layers of the transform block, and the division information of the transform block to obtain the division direction of the transform block when obtaining the transform block division direction, the divided transform block size and position parameters take into account the prediction.
  • the shape of the block and its texture information which improves the coding efficiency.
  • the position parameter of the filtering boundary of the divided transform block can also be set, thereby more accurately setting the filtering boundary of the transform block, and the coding efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a method for acquiring transform block location information according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: 501. Obtain a division manner of an image block.
  • the number of division layers used to identify the transform block is trafoDepth.
  • the value of trafoDepth is zero.
  • the basic principle of determining the direction of division is: When the image block is used as shown in Figure lb, Figure 2a, Figure When the image block division mode is divided horizontally as shown in 2b, the division direction should be the vertical direction, and the transformation block to be divided is a horizontal strip shape. This division method can ensure that the transformation block does not cross the prediction block boundary and considers Predicting the shape of the block and its texture information; When the image block is divided by the vertically divided image block as shown in Figure lc, Figure 2c, and Figure 2d, the division direction should be horizontal, and the transformation block to be divided is vertical.
  • this division can ensure that the transform block does not cross the prediction block boundary and considers the shape of the prediction block and its texture information; the image block is divided into horizontal and vertical image block divisions as shown in Figure Id.
  • the direction of division should be horizontal and vertical, that is, the transform block is divided into four; if the current transform block is further divided into smaller four
  • the dividing direction should be horizontal and vertical.
  • partition direction parameter be interTUSplitDirection.
  • the division direction parameter takes 1 , that is, the interTUSplitDirection is equal to 1, and the division direction of the transformation block is horizontal.
  • the current transform block is divided into sub-transform blocks arranged in a horizontal direction, the sub-transform block is a divided transform block, and the width or height of the sub-transform block is smaller than the width or height of the pre-partition transform block.
  • the division direction parameter takes 0, the value of interTUSplitDirection is equal to 0, and the division direction of the transformation block is vertical Dividing direction at this time, the current transform block is divided into sub-transform blocks arranged in a vertical direction, the sub-transform block is a divided transform block, and the width or height of the sub-transform block is smaller than the width or height of the pre-partition transform block
  • the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the vertical direction or the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the horizontal direction.
  • the dividing direction parameter takes 2
  • the value of interTUSplitDirection is 2
  • the dividing direction of the transforming block is a horizontal and vertical dividing direction
  • the current transforming block is simultaneously
  • the horizontal dividing line and the vertical dividing line are divided into four sub-transformed blocks, and the sub-transformed block is a divided transform block, and the width or height of the sub-transformed block is smaller than the width or height of the pre-partition transform block;
  • the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the vertical direction or the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the horizontal direction, and the width of the current transformation block is equal to a preset minimum Dimensions, the current transform block is divided into four sub-transform blocks in the vertical direction, the partition direction parameter takes 0, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 0;
  • the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the vertical direction or the image block is divided into two prediction blocks in the horizontal direction, and the number of division layers of the current transformation block is greater than 0.
  • dividing the current transform block into four sub-transform blocks in the horizontal direction, where the dividing direction parameter is 1 and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 1.
  • the coding end determines the position information of the current transform block according to the same or similar parameters and conditions.
  • FIGS 5a and 5b are schematic illustrations of transform blocks in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transform block uses only one layer of coding, that is, the image block is encoded using only one fixed block size, and the value of trafoDepth is 0.
  • the image block is divided into 2NxN. Since the transform block uses only one layer of coding, the dividing direction is vertical and the value of interTUSplitDirection is set to zero.
  • the image block is divided into Nx2N. Since the transform block uses only one layer of coding, the dividing direction is horizontal and the value of interTUSplitDirection is set to 1.
  • the transform block uses a three-layer partitioning scheme, i.e., the value of trafoDepth may be 0 or 1 or 2.
  • the transform block size parameters corresponding to a specific partition layer be log2TrafoHeight and log2TrafoWidth, where log2TrafoHeight indicates that the height of the transform block is 1 « log2TrafoHeight, log2Trafo Width indicates that the transform block has a width of 1 « log2TrafoWidth.
  • transform block size parameter can also be represented by log2TrafoSize.
  • log2TrafoSize log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight
  • the 0th layer corresponding to the transform block uses a transform block that is consistent with the image block size, and the purpose is: when the image block corresponds to When the residual data is small, the use of larger transform blocks can improve coding efficiency.
  • the dividing direction is the vertical direction at this time, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 0, that is, the transforming block is Divided into four smaller transform blocks in the vertical direction, where each transform block width is consistent with the 0th layer transform, and each transform block height is a quarter of the 0th layer transform; when the transform block is determined to be from the 1 layer (trafoDepth is equal to 1), when divided into the second layer (trafoDepth is equal to 2), since the transform block is always divided by using a rule divided into four, and is associated with the predicted block size according to the aforementioned transform block size.
  • the shape of the transform block is as close as possible to the prediction block), at this time (trafoDepth is equal to 1 and the image block division mode is one of 2NxN, 2NxnU, 2NxnD), the division direction is horizontal and vertical, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 2, That is, the transform block is divided into four strips that are smaller in size and are horizontally oriented, wherein the width and height of each transform block are located in the first layer. Change block width and height by half.
  • the 0th layer corresponding to the transform block uses a transform block that is the same as the image block size, and the purpose is:
  • the use of a larger transform block can improve the coding efficiency.
  • the dividing direction is the horizontal direction at this time, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 1, that is, the transforming block is divided in the horizontal direction.
  • each transform block width is a quarter of the 0th layer transform; when the transform block is determined to be from the 1st layer (trafoDepth Equal to 1), when divided into the second layer (trafoDepth is equal to 2), due to transformation
  • a block is divided, it is always divided by a rule divided into four, and according to the principle that the aforementioned transform block size is associated with the predicted block size, at this time (trafoDepth is equal to 1 and the image block division manner is one of Nx2N, nLx2N, nRx2N).
  • the division direction is horizontal and vertical, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 2, that is, the transformation block is divided into four divisions into smaller vertical strips, wherein the width and height of each transform block are first.
  • the layer transforms the block width and height by half.
  • the transform block uses a three-layer partitioning scheme, that is, the value of trafoDepth may be 0 or 1 or 2.
  • the transform block size parameters corresponding to a specific partition layer be log2TrafoHeight and log2TrafoWidth, where log2TrafoHeight indicates that the height of the transform block is 1 « log2TrafoHeight, log2Trafo Width indicates that the transform block has a width of 1 « log2TrafoWidth.
  • the transform block size parameter can also be expressed by log2TrafoSize.
  • the image block division mode is one of 2NxN, 2NxnU, and 2NxnD, and the image block is horizontally divided.
  • the transform block size is 16x16, and when the transform block is determined to be partitioned from the 0th layer (trafoDepth equal to 0) to the first layer (trafoDepth is equal to 1), according to the foregoing principle,
  • the dividing direction is the vertical direction, the value of interTUSplitDirection is 0, and the transform block size at the first layer is 16x4; when the transform block is determined to be divided from the first layer (trafoDepth equal to 1) to the second layer (trafoDepth) Equal to 2), since the transform block is always divided by a rule divided into four, and since the minimum transform block size that the encoder can use is 4, the transform block cannot be divided into four 8x2 transform blocks. Therefore, the dividing direction is horizontal, and
  • the image block division mode is one of Nx2N, nLx2N, and nRx2N, and the image block is horizontally divided.
  • the transform block is at layer 0 (trafoDepth is equal to 0)
  • the transform block size is 16x16
  • the transform block is determined to be partitioned from the 0th layer (trafoDepth equal to 0) to the first layer (trafoDepth is equal to 1), according to the foregoing principle,
  • the dividing direction is horizontal, the value of interTUSplitDirection is 1, and the transform block size at the first layer is 4x16;
  • the transform block is determined to be divided from the first layer (trafoDepth equal to 1) to the second layer (trafoDepth) Equal to 2), since the transform block is always divided by a rule divided by four, and since the minimum transform block size that the encoder can use is 4, the transform block cannot be divided into four 2x8 transform blocks. Therefore, the dividing direction is the vertical direction
  • the location information of the transform block includes a location parameter of the transform block, or a location parameter of a filter boundary of the transform block.
  • the method for acquiring transform block location information provided by the embodiment of the present invention is directly based on the partition of the image block.
  • the mode and the layer number are used to obtain the split direction information, and then the size information of the transform block is encoded according to the split direction information, thereby effectively reducing the complexity of the encoding process.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for acquiring location information of a transform block, which includes:
  • Step 802 Obtain split direction information according to a value relationship between a width and a height of the transform block and an image block division manner, or obtain split direction information according to a value relationship between a width and a height of the transform block;
  • the information of the current transform block includes the width and height of the current transform block, the preset transform block maximum size, and the minimum size of the transform block.
  • the dividing direction information includes a dividing direction parameter, and the dividing direction parameter is used to identify a dividing direction of the transform block.
  • obtaining the split direction information according to the value relationship between the width and the height of the transform block and the image block division manner, or obtaining the split direction information according to the value relationship of the width and the height of the transform block includes: when the current transform block The size parameter is equal to or smaller than a preset maximum size of the transform block, and a height of the current transform block is equal to a width of the current transform block, and a height and a width of the current transform block are greater than a minimum of the preset transform block.
  • the current transform block is equivalent to the 502 step, when the number of division layers of the current transform block is 0 and the image block is divided in the vertical direction.
  • the division direction parameter takes 1 and interTUSplitDirection is equal to 1;
  • a size parameter of the current transform block is equal to or smaller than a preset maximum size of the transform block, a height of the current transform block is equal to a width of the current transform block, and a height and a width of the current transform block are greater than the
  • the current transform block is equivalent to the 502 step, when the number of partition layers of the current transform block is 0.
  • the division direction parameter takes 0, and the interTUSplitDirection is equal to 0;
  • the width and height of the current transform block may be further divided into the current Converting the width and height of the block by half, the division direction parameter takes 2, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 2.
  • the partition direction parameter takes 1 and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 1.
  • the split direction parameter takes 0, and the value of interTUSplitDirection is 0.
  • the value of the size parameter of the current transform block is equal to the height of the current transform block and the wide average of the current transform block.
  • the image block is divided into 2NxN or 2NxnU or 2NxnD, the image block size is 16x16, the preset maximum transform block size is 16, and the preset minimum transform block size is 4.
  • the width and height of the transform block be expressed by the parameters log2TrafoHeight and log2Trafo Width, the height of the transform block
  • the transform block size parameter can also be represented by log2TrafoSize.
  • log2TrafoSize ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight )
  • log2TrafoHe lg ht operation i « log 2T ra foWidth is equivalent to ⁇ operation, 1 « log2TrafoSize is equivalent to 2 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 423 ⁇ 4 ⁇ : operation; "»" stands for right shift operation, ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight ) » 1 Equivalent to (log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight) 12 operation the same.
  • log2TrafoHeight log2TrafoWidth and log2TrafoSize represent the size of the transform block in exponential form. Therefore, when the transform block is divided into smaller sub-transform blocks, the change in the size of the transform block can be expressed by adding or subtracting the values of the parameters log2TrafoHeight log2Trafo Width and log2TrafoSize. For example, when the current transform block size is 16x16, the value of log2TrafoHeight is 4, the value of log2TrafoWidth is 4, and the value of log2TrafoSize is 4.
  • the size becomes 16x4, and the value of log2TrafoWidth is at this time.
  • the value remains unchanged at 4, the value of log2TrafoHeight becomes 2 ( 4 - 2 ), and the value of log2TrafoSize becomes 3 ( 4 - 1 , which is the average of 4 and 2).
  • the initial transform block size used by the image block is the same as the image block size, that is, the current transform block has a width and height of 16 at this time.
  • the value of log2TrafoHeight is 4, the value of log2Trafo Width is 4, and the value of log2TrafoSize is 4.
  • the transform block is further divided into smaller transform blocks, since the width and height of the current transform block are both 16 (log2TrafoHeight is equal to log2TrafoWidth), and the image block is divided into 2NxN or 2NxnU or 2NxnD, It can be seen that the transform block is further divided into four transform blocks having a width of 16 (log2Trafo Width value) and a height of 4 (the value of log2TrafoHeight minus 2) in the vertical direction, and setting the value of the partition parameter interTUSplitDirection to 0.
  • the transform block When the width of the transform block obtained by the further division is 16 and the height is 4, since the height of the transform block is equal to the preset minimum transform block size, that is, log2TrafoHeight is equal to 2, then the transform block cannot be in the vertical direction or At the same time, it is further divided into smaller transform blocks in the horizontal and vertical directions. At this time, the transform block can be further divided into four transform blocks with width and height of 4 in the horizontal direction, and the value of the partition parameter interTUSplitDirection is set to 1.
  • the width (or height) of the divided transform block is a quarter of the width (or height) of the pre-delimited transform block, and the value of the height (or width) of the transform block is unchanged, that is, after the partition
  • the value of the log2TrafoWidth or log2TrafoHeight of the transform block is the value of the log2Trafo Width or log2TrafoHeight of the pre-partition transform block minus 2 and the value of the log2TrafoHeight (or log2Trafo Width) of the transform block is unchanged.
  • log2TrafoHeight when the value of log2TrafoHeight is not equal to log2Trafo Width, the value of log2TrafoSize is always greater than the minimum value of log2TrafoHeight and log2TrafoWidth plus 1. Therefore, when the value of log2TrafoSize is equal to the preset minimum value of the transform block plus one, the value of one of the log2TrafoHeight and log2Trafo Width must be equal to the preset transform block minimum value, and by log2TrafoHeight and The numerical relationship of log2Trafo Width (greater than, equal to or less than) indicates the parameter whose value is equal to the preset minimum value of the transform block.
  • the maximum transform block size is set in the codec system, in the above determination method, it is also necessary to add the width of the transform block, the height of the transform block, or the width of the transform block and the high average value of the transform block.
  • the judgment condition with the preset maximum transform block size When the size of the transform block exceeds the preset maximum transform block size, the transform block should be divided into transform blocks of smaller size. Since the divided transform block size and the number of transform blocks can be determined according to the split direction, the position of the transform block can be obtained. Since the boundary of the transform block needs to be filtered, the filter boundary position of the transform block can be obtained according to the split direction.
  • the dividing direction of the transform block is the vertical dividing direction or the dividing direction parameter is 0, since the divided transform blocks are arranged in the vertical direction, the horizontal coordinate values of the divided transform block and the transform block are The horizontal coordinate values are the same, and the vertical coordinate values of the at least one divided transform block are different from the vertical coordinate values of the transform block;
  • the horizontal coordinate values of the filtering boundary of the divided transform block are the same as the The horizontal coordinate values of the filter boundaries of the transform block are the same, the vertical coordinate values of the filter boundaries of the at least one divided transform block are different from the vertical coordinate values of the filter boundaries of the transform block;
  • the transform block is divided When the horizontal dividing direction or the dividing direction parameter is 1, since the divided transform blocks are arranged in the horizontal direction, the vertical coordinate values of the divided transform blocks are the same as the vertical coordinate values of the transform block, and the at least The horizontal coordinate value of a divided transform block is different from the horizontal coordinate value of the transform block;
  • the vertical coordinate values of the filtering boundary of the divided transform block are the same as the The vertical coordinate value of the filter boundary of the transform block is the same, the horizontal coordinate value of the filter boundary of the at least one divided transform block is different from the horizontal coordinate value of the filter boundary of the transform block; when the transform block is divided When the horizontal and vertical dividing directions or the dividing direction parameter is 2, since the divided transform blocks are arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions, the horizontal coordinate values of the at least one divided transform block and the horizontal coordinates of the transform block The values are not the same.
  • the vertical coordinate value of the at least one divided transform block is different from the vertical coordinate value of the transform block;
  • the filtering boundary of the at least one divided transform block is The horizontal coordinate value is different from the horizontal coordinate value of the filter boundary of the transform block.
  • the vertical coordinate value of the filter boundary of the at least one divided transform block is different from the vertical coordinate value of the filter boundary of the transform block.
  • the horizontal coordinate value of the transform block refers to the horizontal coordinate value of the specific position of the transform block
  • the vertical coordinate value of the transform block refers to the vertical coordinate value of the specific position of the transform block
  • the level of the filter boundary of the transform block The coordinate value refers to the horizontal coordinate value of the specific position of the transform block
  • the vertical coordinate value of the filter boundary of the transform block refers to the vertical coordinate value of the specific position of the transform block.
  • the specific location may be a change Change the upper left corner, upper right corner, lower left corner, lower right corner, center point, etc. of the block.
  • the coordinate value of the upper left corner of the current transform block is (xmO, ymO)
  • the coordinates of the upper left corner of the four transform blocks obtained by the partition are (xnO, ynO), (xnl, xnl), (xn2, yn2), (yn3).
  • yn3 xmO, xnO, xnl, xn2, xn3 represent horizontal coordinate values
  • ymO, ynO, ynl, yn2, and yn3 represent vertical coordinate values.
  • Nyn3 ym2 When the value of interTUSplitDirection is 2, (ynO, ynO), (ynl, ynl), (yn2, yn2),
  • Nyn3 ym2 + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
  • the above method based on the value of interTUSplitDirection (ynO, ynO), (ynl, ynl), (yn2, yn2), (yn3, yn3) can be simplified to the following Form:
  • Nyn3 ym2 + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
  • interTUSplitDirection is not 2
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a transform block location information acquiring module for performing the foregoing steps 501-503.
  • the transform block location information obtaining module includes: a partitioning manner obtaining module 901, configured to obtain a partitioning manner of an image block;
  • the dividing direction information obtaining module 902 is configured to obtain the dividing direction information according to the dividing manner of the image block and the dividing layer number of the transform block;
  • the location information obtaining module 903 is configured to obtain location information of the divided transform block according to the split direction information.
  • each module in the transform block location information acquisition module may be used to:
  • a dividing mode obtaining module 901 configured to obtain a dividing manner of the image block
  • the dividing direction information obtaining module 902 is configured to obtain the dividing direction information according to the value relationship between the width and the height of the transform block and the image block dividing manner, or obtain the dividing direction information according to the value relationship between the width and the height of the transform block;
  • the location information obtaining module 903 is configured to obtain location information of the divided transform block according to the split direction information.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种变换块位置信息的获取方法,包括:获得图像块的划分方式;根据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信息,或根据图像块的划分方式和变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息;根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。本发明实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法直接根据图像块的划分方式和层数来获得划分方向信息,再根据所述划分方向信息对变换块的尺寸信息进行编码,有效地降低了编码过程的复杂度。

Description

一种变换块位置信息的获取方法和模块
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及一种变换块位置信息的获取方法和模 块。 背景技术
为了尽量减少传送视频数据所需要的带宽, 可以釆用多种视频压缩方法对 视频数据进行压缩, 其中视频压缩方法包括: 帧内压缩和帧间压缩。 现在多釆 用基于运动估计的帧间压缩方法。 具体的, 图像的编码端釆用帧间压缩方法对 图像压缩编码的过程包括: 编码端将待编码图像块划分成若干个大小相等的子 图像块, 然后针对每个子图像块, 在参考图像中搜索与当前子图像块最匹配的 图像块作为预测块, 然后将该子图像块与预测块的相应像素值相减得到残差, 并将该残差经变换与量化后得到的值进行熵编码, 最后将熵编码得到的比特流 和运动矢量信息一并发给解码端, 其中, 运动矢量信息表示当前子图像块与预 测块的位置差。 在图像的解码端, 首先获得熵编码比特流后进行熵解码, 得到 相应的残差, 以及相应的运动矢量信息; 然后根据运动矢量信息在参考图像中 获得相应的匹配图像块(即上述预测块), 再根据匹配图像块中各像素点的值和 残差值中对应像素点的值相加得到当前子图像块中各像素点的值。 帧内预测是 指利用本幅图像内的信息对图像块进行预测得到预测块, 编码端根据预测模式、 预测方向、 图像块周围的像素值得到预测块对应的像素, 将图像块像素与预测 块像素相减得到残差, 残差经变换、 量化和熵编码后写入码流中; 解码端解析 码流, 对码流进行熵解码、 反量化、 反变换后得到残差块, 解码端根据预测模 式、 预测方向、 图像块周围的像素值得到预测块, 将残差块像素与预测块像素 相加得到重构图像块。
现在的视频编解码标准中存在编码单元 ( coding unit )、预测单元 ( rediction unit )和变换单元( transform unit ) 的概念。 其中, 编码单元 是在编码端或解 码端进行编码或解码时操作的图像块。 预测单元是编码单元中具有独立预测模 式的图像块。 一个预测单元中可能包含多个预测块, 预测块是编码单元进行预 测操作的图像块。 变换单元是编码单元中进行变换操作的图像块, 也可称为变 换块。 考虑到预测块内部差值信号的相关性较强, 而大块变换比小块变换能量 集中性能更高。 更广义的, 一个图像块可包含一个或多个预测块, 在编解码端 以预测块为单位进行预测; 同时, 一个图像块包含一个或多个变换块, 在编解 码端以变换块为单位进行变换。
在现有的视频编解码过程中, 一个图像块, 或称为宏块 (macroblock)、 超宏 块 (super-macroblock)等, 被划分为若干子图像块, 这些子图像块的尺寸可为 64x64、 64x32、 32x64、 32x32、 32x 16、 16x32、 16x 16、 16x8、 8x 16、 8x8、 8x4、 4x8、 4x4等, 图像块以这些子图像块为单位进行像素预测、 运动估计和运动补 偿。 相应的, 图像的编码端将图像块划分方式的信息通过码流发送给图像的解 码端, 以便图像的解码端获知图像编码端的划分方式, 并根据该划分方式进行 相应的解码操作。 在现有的视频编解码标准中这些子图像块均为 ΝχΜ(Ν和 Μ 均为大于 0的整数)的矩形块, 并且 Ν和 Μ具有倍数关系。
在现有的视频编码和解码技术中, 可以使用变换矩阵去除图像块的冗余信 息, 以便提高编码效率, 图像块中的数据块的变换通常釆用二维变换, 即在编 码端将数据块的残差信息分别与一个 ΝχΜ的变换矩阵及其转置矩阵相乘,相乘 之后得到的是变换系数。 上述步骤可以使用以下公式描述:
f = T'xC x T
其中, (:代表数据块的残差信息, 7和 7'代表变换矩阵和变换矩阵的转置矩 阵, /代表数据块的残差信息经变换后得到的变换系数矩阵。 其中, 变换矩阵可 以是离散余弦变换 (Discrete Cosine Transform, DCT)矩阵, 整数变换 (Integer Transform)矩阵、 KL变换 (Karhunen Loeve Transform, KLT)矩阵等。 其中, KLT 可以更好的考虑图像块或图像块残差的紋理信息, 因此使用 KLT可以达到较好 的效果。
对图像块的残差信息进行上述处理相当于将图像块的残差信息从空域转换 至频域,且经处理后得到的变换系数矩阵/集中于低频区域; 编码端对图像块的 残差信息进行上述变换之后, 对变换后得到的变换系数矩阵再进行量化、 熵编 码等处理后, 将熵编码得到的比特流发送给解码端。 为了使解码端知道编码端 所釆用的变换矩阵类型和尺寸, 通常, 编码端会将表示当前图像块所使用的变 换矩阵的指示信息发送给解码端。
后续解码端根据上述指示信息确定编码端釆用的变换矩阵, 根据变换矩阵 的特点(变换矩阵的正交性等), 对编码端发送的比特流进行解码得到变换系数 矩阵, 将变换系数矩阵与变换矩阵及其转置矩阵相乘, 可恢复得到与编码端近 似一致的数据块的残差信息。 上述步骤可以使用以下公式描述:
C = Tx f T'
其中, (:代表数据块的残差信息, 7和 7'代表变换矩阵和变换矩阵的转置矩 阵, /代表解码端得到的变换系数矩阵。
由于图像块的残差可能存在不同的分布规律, 使用某一特定尺寸的变换矩 阵往往达不到好的变换效果, 因此, 现有技术中会尝试对图像块的残差使用不 同尺寸的变换矩阵(也称为变换块)。 因此, 对于一个 2Nx2N的图像块可以使 用尺寸为 2Νχ2Ν的变换矩阵, 也可以使用尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵、 或尺寸为 0.5Nx0.5N的变换矩阵。
但是, 目前仅釆用方形尺寸的变换矩阵, 对于频繁出现的条状紋理, 方块 ( square )尺寸的变换矩阵不能有效地去除图像块的冗余信息, 因此就出现了, 通过非方块的 ( non-square或 rectangular ) 变换矩阵来进行编码, 可是非方块的 变换块却增加了编码的复杂度, 为了编码变换块的位置信息, 需要对图像块和 编码块的划分进行重复的换算, 提高了编码过程的复杂度。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种变换块位置信息的获取方法, 包括: 获得图像块 的划分方式; 根据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信 息; 根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种变换块位置信息的获取方法, 包括: 根据变换 块的信息及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息, 其中, 所述变换块的信息包括 所述变换块的宽、 所述变换块的高; 根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换 块的位置信息。
本发明实施例还相应提供一种变换块位置信息获取模块, 其包括: 划分 方式获得模块, 用于获得图像块的划分方式; 划分方向信息获得模块, 用于根 据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信息; 以及位置信 息获得模块, 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息, 或 者
包括: 划分方式获得模块, 用于获得图像块的划分方式; 划分方向信息 获得模块, 用于根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方 向信息, 或根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息; 以及位置信息 获得模块, 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。
本发明实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法和模块根据图像块的划 分方式和层数来获得划分方向信息, 再根据所述划分方向信息对变换块的尺寸 信息进行编码, 有效地降低了编码过程的复杂度。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或现有技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动 的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 la-图 Id是图像块的对称划分方式的例子的示意图。
图 2a-图 2d是图像块的非对称划分方式的例子的示意图。 图 3a-图 3c是对应不同层数的变换块的示意图。
图 4所示为本发明一实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法。。
图 5a和图 5b是本发明一个实施例的变换块的示意图。
图 6和图 7是本发明一个实施例的变换块的示意图。
图 8所示为本发明又一实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法。
图 9所示为本发明实施例提供变换块位置信息获取模块的示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部 的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳 动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
图 la-图 Id是图像块的对称划分方式的例子的示意图。
图像块被划分成子图像块的常用方式有: 2Νχ2Ν划分方式, 图像块只包含 一个子图像块, 即该图像块不被划分成更小的子图像块, 如图 la所示; 2ΝχΝ 划分方式, 将图像块划分成上下两个等大的子图像块, 如图 lb所示; Νχ2Ν划 分方式, 将图像块划分成左右两个等大的子图像块, 如图 lc所示; ΝχΝ划分方 式,将图像块划分成四个等大的子图像块,如图 Id所示。上述 N为任意正整数, 表示像素数目。
图 2a-图 2d是图像块的非对称划分方式的例子的示意图。
图像块还可以釆用非对称划分方式, 如图 2a至图 2d所示。 图 2a和 2b所 示划分方式将一个图像块划分成上下两个不等大的矩形子图像块, 图 2a 所示 2NxnU划分方式(图中 n = 0.5 N ) 划分出的两个子图像块中, 上边子图像块两 条变长为 2N和 0.5N, 下边子图像块两条变长为 2N和 1.5N。 一般而言, 2NxnU 中的 U表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线上移, 2NxnU表示图像划分 线相对该图像块的垂直平分线上移 n, 其中, η=χχΝ, 其中 χ大于或等于 0并小 于或者等于 1。
图 2b 所示 2NxnD划分方式 (图中 n = 0.5 N ) 划分出的两个子图像块中, 上边子图像块两条变长为 2N和 1.5N, 下边子图像块两条变长为 2N和 0.5N。 一 般而言 , 2NxnD中的 D表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线下移 , 2NxnD 表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线下移 η,
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中 χ大于或等于
0并小于或者等于 1。
图 2c和 2d所示划分方式将一个图像块划分成左右两个不等大的矩形子图 像块, 图 2c所示 nLx2N划分方式(图中 n = 0.5 N ) 划分出的两个子图像块中, 左边子图像块两条变长为 0.5N和 2N,右边子图像块两条变长为 1.5N和 2N。 一 般而言, nLx2N中的 L表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线左移, nLx2N 表示表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线左移 n, 其中, η=χχΝ , 其中 χ 大于或等于 0并小于或者等于 1。 图 2d 所示 nRx2N划分方式(图中 n = 0.5 N; )划分出的两个子图像块中, 左边子图像块两条变长为 1.5N和 2N,右边子图像块两条变长为 0.5N和 2N。 一 般而言, nRx2N中的 R表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线右移, nRx2N 表示表示图像划分线相对该图像块的垂直平分线右移 n, 其中, η=χχΝ, 其中 χ 大于或等于 0并小于或者等于 1。
上述图像块的划分方式也可以使用预测块类型进行指代。 2Νχ2Ν、 2ΝχΝ、 Nx2N、 2NxnU、 2NxnD、 nLx2N、 nRx2N均表示图像块划分方式对应的预测块 类型。
在上述图像块的划分方式中, 通过水平划分线将图像块或者变换块划分成 沿垂直方向排列的多个子图像块或者变换块或预测块的划分方式为水平划分方 式, 这时候釆用的划分方向为水平划分方向, 上述 2NxN划分方式、 2NxnU划 分方式、 2NxnD 划分方式统称为水平划分方式; 而通过垂直划分线将图像块或 者变换块划分成沿水平方向排列的多个子图像块或者变换块或预测块的划分方 式为垂直划分方式, 这时候釆用的划分方向为垂直划分方向, 上述 Nx2N 划分 方式、 nLx2N划分方式、 nRx2N划分方式统称垂直划分方式。; 同时通过水平划 分线将图像块或者变换块划分成四个子图像块或变换块或预测块的划分方式为 水平和垂直划分方式, 这时候釆用的划分方向则为水平和垂直划分方向, 上述 NxN划分方式为水平和垂直划分方式。
为了有效地表示图像块如何使用不同尺寸的变换矩阵, 可以使用树形标识 方法, 逐层标识变换块。 在逐层标识的方法中首先确定变换块对应的标识信息, 根据标识信息判断变换块是否划分为尺寸更小的变换块。 图 3a-图 3c是对应不 同层数的变换块的示意图。
如图 3a-图 3c所示, 当标识图像块使用的变换块尺寸时, 在编码端, 码流 设置用于标识变换块的第零划分层是否使用尺寸为 2Νχ2Ν 变换矩阵的指示位 (标识信息), 如果变换块使用尺寸为 2Νχ2Ν变换矩阵(如图 3a所示), 则该 指示位为 0。 如果变换块不使用 2Νχ2Ν变换时, 则该指示位为 1 , 表示需要将 尺寸为 2Νχ2Ν变换矩阵进一步划分成四个尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵, 并在码流 中用 4个比特分别标识第一划分层每一个尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵是否进一步划 分。 如果变换块使用如图 3b所示的变换结构时, 4个比特都为 0, 表示每一个 尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵不再进一步划分。
当选用如图 3c所示的变换结构时, 则 4个比特中有 2个比特为 0 , 2个比 特为 1。 2个比特为 0表示对左下和右上的尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵不再进行划 分。 2个比特为 1表示需要对左上和右下的尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵进一步划分, 得到尺寸为 0.5Νχ0.5Ν的变换矩阵, 此时变换块对应第三划分层。 然后在码流 中用 4个比特表示第二层结构中是否需要对左上的尺寸为 0.5Νχ0.5Ν的变换矩 阵进行进一步划分, 用 4个比特表示是否需要对右下的尺寸为 0.5Νχ0.5Ν的变 换矩阵进行进一步划分, 如果变换块使用如图 3c所示的变换结构时, 上述 4 + 4 个比特都为 0, 表示不再进一步划分。 通过上述在码流中逐层标识可以有效、 灵 活地表示出图像块和子图像块使用的变换块尺寸。 解码端的逐层标识方法为上述编码端的逆过程。 如, 首先解码码流中用于 标识变换块的第零层是否使用尺寸为 2Nx2N变换矩阵的指示位(标识信息), 如果该指示位的值为 0则表示变换块使用 2Νχ2Ν变换, 使用如图 3a所示结构; 如果该指示位为 1则表示表示需要将尺寸为 2Νχ2Ν变换矩阵进一步划分成四个 尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵, 并继续解码码流获得 4个比特分别标识每一个尺寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵是否进一步划分。 如果该 4个比特都为 0, 表示表示每一个尺 寸为 ΝχΝ的变换矩阵不再进一步划分, 使用如图 3b所示结构; 若 4个比特中 有 2个比特为 0, 2个比特为 1 , 则使用如图 3c所示结构。
上述逐层标识方法中, 变换块对应的划分层用于标识变换块所处的划分层 数。 通常情况下, 变换块的第零划分层对应的变换块尺寸与图像块尺寸或预测 块尺寸一致或特定的块尺寸。
除了上述逐层标识变换块对应的层数和尺寸的方法, 还有根据图像块所使 用的预测块类型确定变换块尺寸的方法。 不同的预测块类型对应于不同的图像 块划分方式, 可根据图像块的划分方式获得预测块。 例如, 2ΝχΝ划分方式表示 所对应的预测块的尺寸为 2ΝχΝ (如图 lb所示)。
在视频编解码技术中, 通常由于两个预测块边界对应的残差数据会存在跳 跃性的变换, 所以如果变换矩阵跨过了两个预测块的边界则会使变换的作用减 弱, 不能有效地去除图像块的残差的相关性, 不能有效的去除图像块的冗余信 息, 降低编码效率。
此外, 在现有技术中, 变换矩阵的尺寸并没有与预测块的尺寸关联。 如图 lb所示, 当 2Νχ2Ν图像块使用 2ΝχΝ划分方式时, 由于划分方式反映了图像块 所处区域的紋理信息, 此时图像块所处区域的紋理更倾向于具有水平紋理的特 征, 但此时图像块仍旧使用 ΝχΝ变换块。
由于变换矩阵的尺寸没有与预测块的尺寸关联, 导致变换矩阵没有利用预 测块的信息有效地去除图像块的冗余信息, 从而影响编码效率。 本发明实施例 在确定变换块尺寸时, 釆用适应划分方式的变换块, 从而能够提高图像压缩效 率。
本发明根据变换块的划分层数和图像块的划分方式获得变换块的划分方 向, 从而获得划分后的变换块的位置信息, 或者根据变换块的划分信息及图像 块的划分方式获得变换块的划分方向; 然后, 在编码端根据划分后的变换块的 位置信息获得相应的残差数据, 然后对残差数据进行变换; 在解码端反变换后 获得残差数据, 根据根据划分后的变换块的位置信息及所述的残差数据获得解 码的图像块。 由于本发明在获得变换块划分方向时考虑了图像块的划分方式、 变换块的划分层数、 变换块的划分信息从而获得变换块的划分方向, 划分后的 变换块尺寸和位置参数考虑了预测块的形状及其紋理信息, 从而提高了编码效 率。 此外, 根据变换块的划分方向还可以设置划分后的变换块的滤波边界的位 置参数, 从而更准确的设置变换块的滤波边界, 可以提高编码效率。
图 4是根据本发明实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法, 其包括: 501 , 获得图像块的划分方式。 可选地, 在一个实施例中, 上述用于标识变换块的划分层数为 trafoDepth。 当变换块只使用一种尺寸的变换块矩阵时, trafoDepth的值为 0。
在确定划分方向时, 考虑到前述变换块不应跨过预测块边界, 及变换块应 与预测块尺寸关联, 确定划分方向的基本原则为: 当图像块釆用如图 lb、 图 2a、 图 2b所示沿水平划分的图像块划分方式时, 划分方向应为垂直方向, 即将划分 得到的变换块为水平长条形状, 这种划分方式可以保证变换块不会跨过预测块 边界并且考虑了预测块的形状及其紋理信息; 当图像块釆用如图 lc、 图 2c、 图 2d所示沿垂直划分的图像块划分方式时, 划分方向应为水平方向, 即将划分得 到的变换块为垂直长条形状 , 这种划分方式可以保证变换块不会跨过预测块边 界并且考虑了预测块的形状及其紋理信息; 图像块釆用如图 Id所示沿水平和垂 直划分的图像块划分方式时, 划分方向应为水平和垂直方向, 即将变换块一分 为四; 若当前变换块要进一步划分成更小的四个变换块时, 划分方向应为水平 和垂直方向。
502 , 根据图像块划分方式和变换块的划分层数确定划分方向参数。
设划分方向参数为 interTUSplitDirection。
其中, 当所述当前变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块沿垂直方向划分成两个 预测块时, 所述划分方向参数取 1 , 即 interTUSplitDirection等于 1 , 所述变换块 的划分方向为水平划分方向, 此时所述当前变换块被划分成沿水平方向排列的 子变换块, 所述子变换块为划分后的变换块, 子变换块的宽或高小于划分前变 换块的宽或高; 当所述当前变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块沿水平方向划分成 两个预测块时, 所述划分方向参数取 0 , interTUSplitDirection的值等于 0, 所述 变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向此时, 所述当前变换块被划分成沿垂直方向 排列的子变换块, 所述子变换块为划分后的变换块, 子变换块的宽或高小于划 分前变换块的宽或高; 当所述当前变换块的划分层数为大于 0, 图像块沿垂直方 向划分成两个预测块或图像块沿水平方向划分成两个预测块, 且变换块的宽和 高均大于预设的最小尺寸时, 所述划分方向参数取 2 , interTUSplitDirection的值 为 2, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向, 所述当前变换块同时被水 平划分线和垂直划分线划分成四个子变换块, 所述子变换块为划分后的变换块, 子变换块的宽或高小于划分前变换块的宽或高;。
当所述当前变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块沿垂直方向划分成两个预测 块或图像块沿水平方向划分成两个预测块, 且所述当前变换块的宽等于预设的 最小尺寸时, 将当前变换块沿垂直方向划分成四个子变换块, 所述划分方向参 数取 0, interTUSplitDirection的值为 0;
当所述当前变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块沿垂直方向划分成两个预测 块或图像块沿水平方向划分成两个预测块,且所述当前变换块的划分层数大于 0 时, 将当前变换块沿水平方向划分成四个子变换块, 所述划分方向参数取 1 , interTUSplitDirection的值为 1。
下面结合具体例子, 以编码端为例, 更加详细地描述本发明的实施例。 为 叙述方便, 划分方向参数设为 interTUSplitDirection 需要理解的是, 编码端和 解码端均是根据相同或相似的参数和条件来确定当前变换块的位置信息。
图 5a和图 5b是本发明一个实施例的变换块的示意图。
在本实施例中变换块只使用一层编码时, 即图像块只使用固定一种变换块 尺寸进行编码, trafoDepth的值为 0。
如图 5a所示, 图像块的划分方式为 2NxN, 由于变换块只使用一层编码, 此时划分方向为垂直方向, interTUSplitDirection的值设为 0。
如图 5a所示, 图像块的划分方式为 Nx2N, 由于变换块只使用一层编码, 此时划分方向为水平方向, interTUSplitDirection的值设为 1。 在另一实施例中, 变换块使用了三层划分的编码方式, 即 trafoDepth的值 可以为 0或 1或 2。设某一特定划分层对应的变换块尺寸参数为 log2TrafoHeight 和 log2TrafoWidth , 其中 log2TrafoHeight 表示变换块的 高为 1 « log2TrafoHeight, log2Trafo Width表示变换块的宽为 1 « log2TrafoWidth。 此外, 变换块尺寸参数还可以 log2TrafoSize表示, log2TrafoSize与 log2TrafoHeight和 log2TrafoWidth 的 关 系 为 : log2TrafoSize = ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight )》 1。
如图 6所示, 当图像块的划分方式为 2NxN或 2NxnU或 2NxnD时, 变换 块对应的第 0层( trafoDepth等于 0 )使用与图像块尺寸一致的变换块, 其目的 在于: 当图像块对应的残差数据较小时, 使用更大的变换块可以提高编码效率。 此时, 当变换块确定要从第 0层(trafoDepth等于 0 )划分至第一层时(trafoDepth 等于 1 ), 根据前述原理, 此时划分方向为垂直方向, interTUSplitDirection的值 为 0, 即将变换块沿垂直方向划分为四个尺寸更小的变换块, 其中每个变换块宽 与第 0层变换一致, 每个变换块高为第 0层变换的四分之一; 当变换块确定要 从第 1层( trafoDepth等于 1 ), 划分至第二层时( trafoDepth等于 2 ), 由于变换 块进行划分时总是使用一分为四的规则进行划分, 并且根据前述变换块尺寸与 预测块尺寸关联的原理(变换块的形状尽可能与预测块一致), 此时(trafoDepth 等于 1并且图像块划分方式为 2NxN、 2NxnU、 2NxnD中的一种 )划分方向为水 平和垂直方向, interTUSplitDirection的值为 2, 即将变换块一分为四划分为尺寸 更小的沿水平方向的长条, 其中每个变换块的宽与高均为位于第一层变换块宽 与高的一半。 + 当图像块的划分方式为 Nx2N或 nLx2N或 nRx2N时, 与前述图 6原理相 似, 变换块对应的第 0层(trafoDepth等于 0 )使用与图像块尺寸一致的变换块, 其目的在于: 当图像块对应的残差数据较小时, 使用更大的变换块可以提高编 码效率。
当变换块确定要从第 0层( trafoDepth等于 0 )划分至第一层时( trafoDepth 等于 1 ), 根据前述原理, 此时划分方向为水平方向, interTUSplitDirection的值 为 1 即将变换块沿水平方向划分为四个尺寸更小的变换块, 其中每个变换块高 与第 0层变换一致, 每个变换块宽为第 0层变换的四分之一; 当变换块确定要 从第 1层( trafoDepth等于 1 ), 划分至第二层时( trafoDepth等于 2 ), 由于变换 块进行划分时总是使用一分为四的规则进行划分, 并且根据前述变换块尺寸与 预测块尺寸关联的原理, 此时(trafoDepth等于 1并且图像块划分方式为 Nx2N、 nLx2N、 nRx2N 中的一种) 划分方向为水平和垂直方向, interTUSplitDirection 的值为 2, 即将变换块一分为四划分为尺寸更小的沿垂直方向的长条, 其中每个 变换块的宽与高均为位于第一层变换块宽与高的一半。 在另一实施例中, 变换块使用了三层划分的编码方式, 即 trafoDepth的值 可以为 0或 1或 2。设某一特定划分层对应的变换块尺寸参数为 log2TrafoHeight 和 log2TrafoWidth , 其中 log2TrafoHeight 表示变换块的 高为 1 « log2TrafoHeight, log2Trafo Width表示变换块的宽为 1 « log2TrafoWidth。 此外, 变换块尺寸参数还可以 log2TrafoSize表示, log2TrafoSize与 log2TrafoHeight和 log2TrafoWidth 的 关 系 为 : log2TrafoSize = ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight ) » l 0 并且图像的编码器规定了所使用的最小变换块尺寸。 在 本实施例中规定编码器可使用的最小变换块尺寸为 4,设图像块的尺寸为 16x16。
如图 6所示, 图像块划分方式为 2NxN、 2NxnU、 2NxnD的其中一种, 图 像块釆用水平划分方式。 当变换块位于第 0层时( trafoDepth等于 0 ), 变换块尺 寸为 16x16 , 当变换块确定要从第 0 层 (trafoDepth等于 0 ) 划分至第一层时 ( trafoDepth 等于 1 ) , 根据前述原理, 此时划分方向为垂直方向, interTUSplitDirection的值为 0 , 此时位于第 1层的变换块尺寸为 16x4; 当变换 块确定要从第 1层( trafoDepth等于 1 ), 划分至第二层时( trafoDepth等于 2 ), 由于变换块进行划分时总是使用一分为四的规则进行划分, 并且由于编码器可 使用的最小变换块尺寸为 4 , 因此没法将变换块划分为四个 8x2的变换块, 故此 时划分方向为水平方向, 设 interTUSplitDirection的值为 1 , 即将变换块沿水平 方向划分为四个 4x4的变换块。
如图 7所示, 图像块划分方式为 Nx2N、 nLx2N、 nRx2N的其中一种, 图 像块釆用水平划分方式。 当变换块位于第 0层时( trafoDepth等于 0 ), 变换块尺 寸为 16x16 , 当变换块确定要从第 0 层 (trafoDepth等于 0 ) 划分至第一层时 ( trafoDepth 等于 1 ) , 根据前述原理, 此时划分方向为水平方向, interTUSplitDirection的值为 1 , 此时位于第 1层的变换块尺寸为 4x16; 当变换 块确定要从第 1层( trafoDepth等于 1 ), 划分至第二层时( trafoDepth等于 2 ), 由于变换块进行划分时总是使用一分为四的规则进行划分, 并且由于编码器可 使用的最小变换块尺寸为 4 , 因此没法将变换块划分为四个 2x8的变换块, 故此 时划分方向为垂直方向, 设 interTUSplitDirection的值为 0, 即将变换块沿垂直 方向划分为四个 4x4的变换块。
503 , 根据划分方向参数获得当前变换块的位置信息。
其中, 所述变换块的位置信息包括变换块的位置参数, 或变换块的滤波边 界的位置参数。
本发明实施例提供的变换块位置信息的获取方法直接根据图像块的划分方 式和层数来获得划分方向信息, 再根据所述划分方向信息对变换块的尺寸信息 进行编码, 有效地降低了编码过程的复杂度。
请参照图 8 , 本发明实施例还提供一种变换块位置信息的获取方法, 其包 括:
801 : 获得图像块划分方式;
步骤 802: 根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方 向信息, 或根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息;
803: 根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。
当前变换块的信息包括所述当前变换块的宽和高, 预设的变换块最大尺寸 和变换块的最小尺寸。
所述划分方向信息包括划分方向参数, 所述的划分方向参数用于标识所述 变换块的划分方向。
在本发明实施例中, 根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获 得划分方向信息, 或根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息包括: 当所述当前变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 且所述 当前变换块的高等于所述当前变换块的宽, 所述当前变换块的高和宽均大于所 述预设变换块的最小尺寸, 且图像块沿垂直方向划分成两个预测块时, 可知此 时所述当前变换块等效于 502步骤所述当所述当前变换块的划分层数为 0且图 像块沿垂直方向划分成两个预测块, 所述划分方向参数取 1 , interTUSplitDirection等于 1 ;
当所述当前变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 所述当 前变换块的高等于所述当前变换块的宽, 且所述当前变换块的高和宽均大于所 述预设变换块的最小尺寸时, 且图像块沿水平方向划分成两个预测块时, 可知 此时所述当前变换块等效于 502步骤所述当所述当前变换块的划分层数为 0且 图像块沿水平方向划分成两个预测块, 所述划分方向参数取 0 , interTUSplitDirection等于 0;
当所述当前变换块的宽不等于高, 且所述当前变换块的宽和高均大于所述 预设的最小变换块尺寸时, 可知当前变换块的宽和高可进一步划分为所述当前 变换块的宽和高的一半,所述划分方向参数取 2, interTUSplitDirection的值为 2。
当所述当前变换块的高等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述当前变换块的宽大于 所述当前变换块的高时,所述划分方向参数取 1 , interTUSplitDirection的值为 1。
当所述当前变换块的宽等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述当前变换块的宽小于 所述当前变换块的高时,所述划分方向参数取 0, interTUSplitDirection的值为 0。
所述当前变换块的尺寸参数的值等所述当前变换块的高和所述当前变换块 的宽的平均值。
下面结合具体例子进行解释。
如图 6所示, 图像块的划分方式为 2NxN或 2NxnU或 2NxnD, 图像块尺 寸为 16x16, 预设的最大变换块尺寸为 16, 预设的最小变换块尺寸为 4。 设变换 块的宽和高使用参数 log2TrafoHeight 和 log2Trafo Width表示, 变换块的高与 log2TrafoHeight的关系为: 变换块的高 = 1 « log2TrafoHeight; 变换块的宽与 log2TrafoWidth的关系为: 变换块的宽 = 1 « log2TrafoWidth。 此外, 变换块尺 寸参数还可以 log2TrafoSize 表示 , log2TrafoSize 与 log2TrafoHeight 和 log2TrafoWidth 的 关 系 为 : log2TrafoSize = ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight )》 1
上述运算操作中, "《"代表向左移位操作, 1 « log2TrafoHeight等价于
2log2TrafoHelght 操作, i « log2TrafoWidth 等价于 ^^^ 操作, 1 « log2TrafoSize 等价于 21<¾2¾ώδΐΗ:操作; "»"代表向右移位操作, ( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight ) » 1 等价于( log2TrafoHeight + log2TrafoHeight ) 12操作 下 同。
根据上述描述可知, log2TrafoHeight log2TrafoWidth和 log2TrafoSize通过 指数形式表示变换块的尺寸。 因此, 当变换块被划分成更小的子变换块时, 变 换块尺寸的变化可通过对参数 log2TrafoHeight log2Trafo Width和 log2TrafoSize 数值的加减体现。 如, 当前变换块尺寸为 16x16时, log2TrafoHeight的值为 4, log2TrafoWidth的值为 4, log2TrafoSize的值为 4, 当变换块划分成 16x4的子变 换块时, 尺寸变为 16x4, 此时 log2TrafoWidth的值不变仍为 4, log2TrafoHeight 的值变为 2 ( 4 - 2 ), log2TrafoSize的值变为 3 ( 4 - 1 , 即 4与 2的平均值)。
图像块使用的初始变换块尺寸与图像块尺寸一致, 即此时当前变换块的宽 和高均为 16 , 此时 log2TrafoHeight 的值为 4 , log2Trafo Width 的值为 4 , log2TrafoSize的值为 4,。 此时, 当所述当前变换块进行进一步划分成更小的变 换块时, 由于当前变换块的宽和高均为 16 ( log2TrafoHeight 等于 log2TrafoWidth ), 且图像块的划分方式为 2NxN或 2NxnU或 2NxnD , 可知变换 块沿垂直方向进一步划分成四个宽为 16 ( log2Trafo Width 值不变) 高为 4 ( log2TrafoHeight的值减 2 ) 的变换块, 设置划分参数 interTUSplitDirection的 值为 0。 当所述进一步划分得到的变换块的宽为 16、 高为 4时, 由于变换块的 高等于预设的最小变换块尺寸, 即 log2TrafoHeight等于 2, 则此时变换块没法 再沿垂直方向或同时沿水平和垂直方向进一步划分成更小的变换块, 此时变换 块可沿水平方向进一步划分成四个宽和高均为 4 的变换块, 设置划分参数 interTUSplitDirection的值为 1
在上述判断变换块的宽或高是否等于预设的最小变换块尺寸的步骤中, 还 可以使用变换块的宽与高的平均值( log2TrafoSize )进行判断。 由于在上述方法 中, 划分后的变换块的宽 (或高) 为划分前变换块的宽 (或高) 的四分之一而 变换块的高 (或宽) 的值不变, 即划分后的变换块的 log2TrafoWidth 或 log2TrafoHeight的值为划分前变换块的 log2Trafo Width或 log2TrafoHeight的值 减 2 而变换块的 log2TrafoHeight (或 log2Trafo Width ) 的值不变。 可知, 当 log2TrafoHeight 的值不等于 log2Trafo Width 时, log2TrafoSize 的值总是大于 log2TrafoHeight及 log2TrafoWidth中的最小值加 1。 因此, 当 log2TrafoSize的值 等于预设的变换块最小值加 1时 log2TrafoHeight及 log2Trafo Width中肯定有一 个参数的值等于预设的变换块最小值, 并且通过 log2TrafoHeight 及 log2Trafo Width的数值关系 (大于、 等于或小于)可知其值等于预设的变换块最 小值的参数。
进一步的, 若在编解码系统中设置了最大的变换块尺寸时, 在上述判断方 法中, 还需要加上变换块的宽、 变换块的高或变换块的宽与变换块的高的平均 值与预设的最大的变换块尺寸的判断条件。 当变换块的尺寸超过了预设的最大 的变换块尺寸时, 变换块应划分成尺寸更小的变换块。 由于根据划分方向可确定划分后的变换块尺寸, 及变换块的数目, 进而可 获得变换块的位置; 由于变换块的边界需要进行滤波操作, 因此根据划分方向 可获得变换块的滤波边界位置。
当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 0时, 由 于划分后的变换块沿垂直方向排列, 所述划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述 变换块的水平坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述 变换块的垂直坐标值不相同;
当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 0时, 由 于划分后的变换块沿垂直方向排列, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐 标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换 块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值不相同; 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 1时, 由 于划分后的变换块沿水平方向排列, 所述划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述 变换块的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述 变换块的水平坐标值不相同;
当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 1时, 由 于划分后的变换块沿水平方向排列, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐 标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换 块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同; 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 2 时, 由于划分后的变换块沿水平和垂直方向排列, 所述至少一个划分后的变换 块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的水平坐标值不相同。 所述至少一个划分后的变 换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的垂直坐标值不相同;
当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为 2 时, 由于划分后的变换块沿水平和垂直方向排列, 所述至少一个划分后的变换 块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同。 所 述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界 的垂直坐标值不相同。
在本发明实施例中, 变换块的水平坐标值是指变换块的特定位置的水平坐 标值, 变换块的垂直坐标值是指变换块的特定位置的垂直坐标值, 变换块的滤 波边界的水平坐标值是指变换块的特定位置的水平坐标值, 变换块的滤波边界 的垂直坐标值是指变换块的特定位置的垂直坐标值。 所述的特定位置可以是变 换块的左上角、 右上角、 左下角、 右下角、 中心点等。
具体的, 设当前变换块左上角坐标值为 (xmO, ymO) , 划分得到的四个变换 块左上角坐标值为(xnO, ynO)、(xnl , xnl)、(xn2, yn2)、 (yn3, yn3) ,其中 xmO、 xnO、 xnl、 xn2、 xn3表示水平坐标值, ymO、 ynO、 ynl、 yn2、 yn3表示垂直坐标值。 设当前变换块宽为 log2Trafo Width, 当前变换块高为 log2TrafoHeight。
当 interTUSplitDirection的值为 0时,划分得到的子变换块水平坐标值不变, (xnO, ynO)、 (xnl , ynl )、 (χη2, yn2)、 (yn3 , yn3)与 (xmO, ymO)的关系为:
xnO = xmO
ynO = ymO
xnl = xmO
ynl = ymO + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
xn2 = xmO
yn2 = yml + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
xn3 = xmO
yn3 = ym2 + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2) 当 interTUSplitDirection的值为 1时, 划分得到的变换块垂直坐标值不变, (ynO, ynO)、 (ynl , ynl )、 (yn2, yn2)、 (yn3 , yn3)与 (xmO, ymO)的关系为:
xnO = xmO
ynO = ymO
xnl = xmO + 1 « (log2Trafo Width - 2)
ynl = ymO
xn2 = xmO + 1 « (log2Trafo Width - 2)
yn2 = yml
xn3 = xmO + 1 « (log2Trafo Width - 2)
yn3 = ym2 当 interTUSplitDirection的值为 2时, (ynO, ynO)、 (ynl , ynl), (yn2, yn2)、
(yn3, yn3)与(xmO, ymO)的关系为:
xnO = xmO
ynO = ymO
xnl = xmO + 1 « (log2Trafo Width - 2)
ynl = ymO
xn2 = xmO
yn2 = yml + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
xn3 = xmO + 1 « (log2TrafoWidth - 2)
yn3 = ym2 + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2) 上述才艮据 interTUSplitDirection的值求取 (ynO, ynO)、 (ynl , ynl) , (yn2, yn2)、 (yn3 , yn3)的方法还可以简化为以下形式:
当 interTUSplitDirection的值为 2时, (ynO, ynO)、 (ynl , ynl), (yn2, yn2)、 (yn3, yn3)与 (xmO, ymO)的关系为: χηθ = xmO
ynO = ymO
xnl = xmO + 1 « (log2Trafo Width - 2)
ynl = ymO
xn2 = xmO
yn2 = yml + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2)
xn3 = xmO + 1 « (log2TrafoWidth - 2)
yn3 = ym2 + 1 « (log2TrafoHeight - 2) 当 interTUSplitDirection的值不为 2时, (ynO, ynO)、 (ynl, ynl), (yn2, yn2)、
(yn3, yn3)与 (xmO, ymO)的关系为:
χηθ = xmO
ynO = ymO
xnl = xnO+ ( ( ] ί « log2Trafo Width ) » 2 ) * interTUSplitDirection
ynl = ynO+ ( ( ] ί « log2TrafoHeight) » 2 ) * ( 1 - interTUSplitDirection ) xn2 = xnl+ ( ( ] ί « log2Trafo Width ) » 2 ) * interTUSplitDirection
yn2 = ynl+ ( ( ] ί « log2TrafoHeight) » 2 ) * ( 1 - interTUSplitDirection ) xn3 = xn2+ ( ( ] ί « log2Trafo Width ) » 2 ) * interTUSplitDirection
yn3 = yn2+ ( ( ] ί « log2TrafoHeight) » 2 ) * ( 1 - interTUSplitDirection ) 划分后变换块滤波边界的位置与变换块位置一致, 不再赘述。
相应的, 请参照图 9, 本发明实施例还提供用于执行前述步骤 501-503 的 变换块位置信息获取模块。
在图 9中, 本发明实施例所提供的变换块位置信息获取模块包括: 划分方式获得模块 901 , 用于获得图像块的划分方式;
划分方向信息获得模块 902 , 用于根据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的 划分层数获得划分方向信息; 以及
位置信息获得模块 903 , 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块 的位置信息。
以上每个模块的具体工作方法可以参照前文的叙述, 在此不再赘述。
当然, 参照步骤 801-803 , 本发明实施例所提供的变换块位置信息获取模 块中的各个模块则可以用于:
划分方式获得模块 901 , 用于获得图像块的划分方式;
划分方向信息获得模块 902 , 用于根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像 块划分方式获得划分方向信息, 或根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方 向信息; 以及
位置信息获得模块 903 , 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块 的位置信息。
同样的, 以上每个模块的具体工作方法可以参照前文的叙述, 在此不再赘 述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是 可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读 存储介质中, 例如只读存储器, 磁盘或光盘等。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的图像编解码方法、 编解码设备及网络系统进 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时, 对于 本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用范围上均 会有改变之处, 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种变换块位置信息的获取方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获得图像块的划分方式;
根据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信息; 根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述划分方向信息包括划分 方向参数, 所述的划分方向参数用于标识所述变换块的划分方向。
3、如权利要求 2中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述图像块的划分 方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块划分方式为水平划分方式时, 所述 划分方向参数为第一参数值;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式时, 所述划分方向参数取第二参数值;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数为大于 0 , 图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式 或水平划分方式, 且变换块的宽和高均大于预设的最小尺寸时或所述变换块的 尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 所述划分方向参数为第三参数 值;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式, 且所述当前变换块的宽等于预设的最小尺寸时, 所述划分方向参数为第一参数 值;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块划分方式为水平划分方式, 且所述当前变换块的高等于预设的最小尺寸时, 所述划分方向参数为第二参数 值。
其中, 所述变换块的尺寸参数的值等所述变换块的高和所述变换块的宽的 平均值。
4、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述划分方向信息包括所述变 换块的划分方向, 所述变换块的划分方向包括水平划分方向, 垂直划分方向, 水平和垂直划分方向。
5、如权利要求 4中所述的变换块位置信息的获取方法, 其特征在于, 所述 根据图像块划分方式和变换块的划分层数获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式时, 所述 变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数为 0且图像块划分方式为水平划分方式时, 所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向; 或, 当所述变换块的划分层数为大于 0 , 图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式 或水平划分方式, 且变换块的宽和高均大于预设的最小尺寸时或所述变换块的 尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平 和垂直划分方向;
或, 当所述变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块划分方式为垂直划分方式, 且所述当前变换块的宽等于预设的最小尺寸时, 所述划分方向为垂直划分方向; 或, 当所述变换块的划分层数大于 0, 图像块划分方式为水平划分方式, 且所述当前变换块的高等于预设的最小尺寸时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平 划分方向。
其中, 所述变换块的尺寸参数的值等所述变换块的高和所述变换块的宽的 平均值。
6、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述变换块的位置信息包括变 换块的位置参数, 或变换块的滤波边界的位置参数。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
所述变换块的位置参数包括变换块的水平坐标值, 变换块的垂直坐标值; 所述变换块的滤波边界的位置参数包括变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值, 变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第一参数 值时, 所述划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的水平坐标值相同, 所 述至少一个划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的垂直坐标值不相同; 或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第一 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所述变换块的滤波 边界的水平坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标 值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第二 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的水平坐标值不相 同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第二 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波 边界的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标 值与所述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数 为第三参数值时, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的 水平坐标值不相同。 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块 的垂直坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数 为第三参数值时, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所 述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同。 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤 波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值不相同。
9、 一种变换块位置信息的获取方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获得图像块划分方式;
根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息, 或 根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息;
根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位置信息。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述数值关系包括大于, 等 于, 小于。
11、 如权利要求 9和 10中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据变换块的宽 和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的高等于变换块的宽, 且所述图像块划分方式为水平划分方 式时, 所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向;
当所述变换块的高等于变换块的宽, 且所述图像块划分方式为垂直划分方 式时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向;
当所述变换块的高不等于变换块的宽时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平和 垂直划分方向;
12、 如权利要求 9至 11中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据变换块的宽 和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 且所述变换 块的高等于所述变换块的宽, 所述变换块的高和宽大于所述预设变换块的最小 尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 且图像块 划分方式为垂直划分方式时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向;
当所述变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 且所述变换 块的高等于所述变换块的宽, 所述变换块的高和宽大于所述预设变换块的最小 尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 且图像块 划分方式为水平划分方式时, 所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向;
当所述变换块的宽不等于高, 且所述变换块的宽和高均大于所述预设的最 小变换块尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一 时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向;
其中, 所述变换块的尺寸参数的值等所述变换块的高和所述变换块的宽的 平均值。
13、如权利要求 9至 12中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据变换块的宽 和高的数值关系获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的高等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述变换块的宽大于所述当前 变换块的高时, 所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向;
当所述变换块的宽等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述变换块的宽小于所述当前 变换块的高时, 所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向;
14、 如权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述划分方向信息包括划分 方向参数, 所述的划分方向参数用于标识所述变换块的划分方向。
15、如权利要求 14中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据当前变换块的宽 和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的高等于变换块的宽, 且所述图像块划分方式为水平划分方 式时, 所述划分方向参数为第一参数值;
当所述变换块的高等于变换块的宽, 且所述图像块划分方式垂直时, 所述 划分方向参数为第二参数值;
当所述变换块的高不等于变换块的宽时,所述划分方向参数为第三参数值。
16、 如权利要求 14和 15中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据变换块的 宽和高的数值关系及图像块划分方式获得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 且所述变换 块的高等于所述变换块的宽, 所述变换块的高和宽大于所述预设变换块的最小 尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 且图像块 划分方式为垂直划分方式时, 所述划分方向参数为第二参数值;
当所述变换块的尺寸参数等于或小于预设的变换块最大尺寸, 且所述变换 块的高等于所述变换块的宽, 所述变换块的高和宽大于所述预设变换块的最小 尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一, 且图像块 划分方式为水平划分方式时, 所述划分方向参数为第一参数值;
当所述变换块的宽不等于高, 且所述变换块的宽和高均大于所述预设的最 小变换块尺寸或所述变换块的尺寸参数大于所述预设变换块的最小尺寸加一 时, 所述划分方向参数为第三参数值;
其中, 所述变换块的尺寸参数的值等所述变换块的高和所述变换块的宽的 平均值。
17、如权利要求 14中所述的方法, 所述根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获 得划分方向信息包括:
当所述变换块的高等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述变换块的宽大于所述当前 变换块的高时, 所述划分方向参数为第二参数值;
当所述变换块的宽等于预设的最小尺寸, 且所述变换块的宽小于所述当前 变换块的高时, 所述划分方向参数第一参数值;
18、 根据权利要求 15、 16、 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述第一参数值 为 0 , 所述第二参数值为 1 , 所述第三参数值为 2。
19、 如权利要求 9中所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述变换块的位置信息包 括变换块的位置参数, 或变换块的滤波边界的位置参数。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述变换块的位置参数包括变换块的水平坐标值, 变换块的垂直坐标值; 所述变换块的滤波边界的位置参数包括变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值, 变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值。
21、 根据权利要求 20中所述的方法, 其特征包括:
当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第一参数 值时, 所述划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的水平坐标值相同所述 至少一个划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的垂直坐标值不相同; 或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第一 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所述变换块的滤波 边界的水平坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标 值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第二 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的水平坐标值不相 同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平划分方向或所述划分方向参数为第二 参数值时, 所述划分后的变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波 边界的垂直坐标值相同, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标 值与所述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数 为第三参数值时, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的水平坐标值与所述变换块的 水平坐标值不相同。 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的垂直坐标值与所述变换块 的垂直坐标值不相同;
或, 当所述变换块的划分方向为水平和垂直划分方向或所述划分方向参数 为第三参数值时, 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值与所 述变换块的滤波边界的水平坐标值不相同。 所述至少一个划分后的变换块的滤 波边界的垂直坐标值与所述变换块的滤波边界的垂直坐标值不相同。
22、 一种变换块位置信息获取模块, 其特征在于, 包括:
划分方式获得模块, 用于获得图像块的划分方式;
划分方向信息获得模块, 用于根据所述图像块的划分方式和变换块的划分 层数获得划分方向信息; 以及
位置信息获得模块, 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位 置信息。
23、 一种变换块位置信息获取模块, 其特征在于, 包括:
划分方式获得模块, 用于获得图像块的划分方式;
划分方向信息获得模块, 用于根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系及图像块划 分方式获得划分方向信息, 或根据变换块的宽和高的数值关系获得划分方向信 息; 以及
位置信息获得模块, 用于根据所述划分方向信息获得划分后的变换块的位 置信息。
PCT/CN2012/080856 2011-08-31 2012-08-31 一种变换块位置信息的获取方法和模块 WO2013029559A1 (zh)

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