WO2013028088A1 - Device for the production of electric current from waste heat - Google Patents
Device for the production of electric current from waste heat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013028088A1 WO2013028088A1 PCT/RU2011/000630 RU2011000630W WO2013028088A1 WO 2013028088 A1 WO2013028088 A1 WO 2013028088A1 RU 2011000630 W RU2011000630 W RU 2011000630W WO 2013028088 A1 WO2013028088 A1 WO 2013028088A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- working fluid
- generator
- orc turbine
- orc
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
- F01D25/22—Lubricating arrangements using working-fluid or other gaseous fluid as lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for production of electric current from waste heat by using a generator driven by an ORC turbine .
- ORC means Organic Rankine Cycle, which is a method for the operation of steam turbines with an organic working fluid. Normally in ORC turbines organic fluids with a low evaporation temperature are used as working fluid. Such devices are preferably used when the temperature difference between a heat source and a heat sink is comparatively low, so that a turbine cannot be operated with water steam.
- thermodynamic cycle The working principle of the thermodynamic cycle is as follows: The liquid working fluid is pumped in order to generate the operating pressure. The working fluid passes an evaporator, in which heat is applied to the working fluid. This process is isotherm, the temperature of the working fluid keeps constant. As heat source for the evaporation waste heat from machines or process heat is used, e. g. waste heat from a steel mill. Due to the added heat the working fluid is evaporated completely. At the outlet of the evaporator saturated steam is generated. Volume and temperature of the steam increase, this steam reaches the ORC turbine, where the steam is expanded to a lower pressure, whereby rotor blades of the ORC turbine are- rotated. The ORC turbine is connected to a generator so that the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
- the steam passes a regenerator, where a heat exchange between the gaseous working fluid and the liquid working fluid f om a condenser takes place.
- the regenerator After passing the regenerator the gaseous working fluid is on condensation temperature and reaches transferred to a cooling cycle.
- the working fluid condenses and becomes fluid again.
- the working fluid flows through the pump again, whereby the thermodynamic cycle is closed.
- this object is achieved in the above defined device for the production of electric current in that the generator and the ORC turbine are coupled by a common shaft.
- the invention is based on the idea that an ORC turbine and the required generator can be coupled without an intermediate transmission. Without a need for a transmission the device is simplified considerably, so that it can be used even for smaller power requirements .
- the shaft of the ORC turbine is supported in foil bearings .
- Foil bearings are a kind of air bearings which enable a high rotational speed due to the very little friction which is present.
- the shaft of the ORC turbine is supported on an air cushion.
- a working fluid of the ORC turbine flows through the foil bearings and cools them. The cooling increases the life span of the foil bearings, further a cooling can be realized quite simple by using the working fluid.
- a working fluid which is incombustible. It is in particular preferred that the working fluid is a fluoroketone .
- a further development of the invention provides for a device where the turbine and the generator form a compact assembly and are disposed in a common housing.
- devices according prior art which comprise a turbine housing and a generator housing connected to the turbine housing it is possible according to the invention to dispose the whole device comprising the ORC turbine and the generator in a single, common housing.
- the ORC turbine can be a centripetal turbine.
- the power output from the turbine is in the range between 1 kW and 200 kW. Accordingly the inventive device is particularly well suited for applications with a comparatively low power demand, where the use of common turbines up to now was not possible because of economic reasons.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of the main components of the inventive device; and Fig. 2 shows the ORC turbine and the generator to which the turbine is coupled in a sectional side view.
- the device 1 for the production of electric current from waste heat as shown in fig. 1 comprises an ORC turbine 2 and a generator 3 , driven by the ORC turbine 2 , which are coupled through a common shaft 4.
- the device is operated using the Organic Rankine Cycle.
- a pump 5 compresses a working fluid until a necessary operating pressure is reached.
- After passing a regenerator 6 the working fluid reaches an evaporator 7, in which heat is applied.
- This heat is waste heat of an industrial process which may be generated in a processing installation, a chemical plant or in a steel mill. This waste heat is used in the evaporator 7 in order to evaporate the working fluid.
- the working fluid reaches the ORC turbine 2 in gaseous form, so that rotor blades of the ORC turbine 2 are rotated.
- the rotor blades are disposed on the shaft 4 which serves as well as generator shaft.
- the mechanical energy of the ORC turbine 2 is converted into electrical energy which is fed into a power grid.
- the regenerator 6 in which a heat exchange takes place.
- the gaseous working fluid is cooled and liquified in a condenser 8 subsequently, so that the thermodynamic cycle is closed.
- a fluoroketone is used as working fluid, this working fluid is non combustible.
- Fig. 2 shows the ORC turbine 2 and the generator 3 in a sectional view.
- the ORC turbine 2 is formed as a centripetal turbine.
- ORC turbine 2 and generator 3 are disposed in a common housing and form a compact assembly. In fig. 2 one can see that the ORC turbine 2 and the generator 3 are coupled by the common shaft 4 so that an intermediate transmission or a gearbox is not necessary.
- the ORC turbine 2 is supported by foil bearings 10, which guarantee a very low friction. The working fluid flows through the foil bearings 10 and cools them.
- the ORC turbine 2 as depicted in fig. 2 has a power output of 10 kW, accordingly it can even be used for lower power demands or when a lower amount of waste heat is present.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Device for the production of electric current from waste heat by using a generator (3) driven by an ORC turbine (2), whereby the generator (3) and the ORC turbine (2) are coupled by a common shaft (4).
Description
Description
Device for the production of electric current from waste heat The invention relates to a device for production of electric current from waste heat by using a generator driven by an ORC turbine .
ORC means Organic Rankine Cycle, which is a method for the operation of steam turbines with an organic working fluid. Normally in ORC turbines organic fluids with a low evaporation temperature are used as working fluid. Such devices are preferably used when the temperature difference between a heat source and a heat sink is comparatively low, so that a turbine cannot be operated with water steam.
The working principle of the thermodynamic cycle is as follows: The liquid working fluid is pumped in order to generate the operating pressure. The working fluid passes an evaporator, in which heat is applied to the working fluid. This process is isotherm, the temperature of the working fluid keeps constant. As heat source for the evaporation waste heat from machines or process heat is used, e. g. waste heat from a steel mill. Due to the added heat the working fluid is evaporated completely. At the outlet of the evaporator saturated steam is generated. Volume and temperature of the steam increase, this steam reaches the ORC turbine, where the steam is expanded to a lower pressure, whereby rotor blades of the ORC turbine are- rotated. The ORC turbine is connected to a generator so that the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. Subsequently the steam passes a regenerator, where a heat exchange between the gaseous working fluid and the liquid working fluid f om a condenser takes place. After passing the regenerator the gaseous working fluid is on condensation temperature and reaches transferred to a cooling cycle. The working fluid condenses and becomes fluid again. Subsequently the working fluid
flows through the pump again, whereby the thermodynamic cycle is closed.
From US 2004/0088985 Al a device for production of electric current from waste heat using an ORC turbine is known, through which a generator is driven. Between generator and ORC turbine a transmission is provided so that the rotational speed of the turbine can be converted into an appropriate rotational speed for an electrical generator.
With such conventional devices for production of electrical current the energy contained in waste heat can already be used partly, however, it is desirable to increase the efficiency of the device and to simplify the structure of the device. With a simplified and cheaper device, which is also appropriate for a lower output power, further fields of application could be made accessible.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for the production of electric current from waste heat with a simplified construction which is cost-effective.
According to the present invention this object is achieved in the above defined device for the production of electric current in that the generator and the ORC turbine are coupled by a common shaft.
The invention is based on the idea that an ORC turbine and the required generator can be coupled without an intermediate transmission. Without a need for a transmission the device is simplified considerably, so that it can be used even for smaller power requirements .
In the inventive device it can be envisaged that the shaft of the ORC turbine is supported in foil bearings . Foil bearings are a kind of air bearings which enable a high rotational speed due to the very little friction which is present. The shaft of the ORC turbine is supported on an air cushion.
In the inventive device it is in particular preferred that a working fluid of the ORC turbine flows through the foil bearings and cools them. The cooling increases the life span of the foil bearings, further a cooling can be realized quite simple by using the working fluid.
In order to increase the operating safety and in order to use the inventive device even in harmful environments a working fluid is preferred which is incombustible. It is in particular preferred that the working fluid is a fluoroketone .
In order to use the inventive device also in applications with restricted installation space a further development of the invention provides for a device where the turbine and the generator form a compact assembly and are disposed in a common housing. Different from devices according prior art which comprise a turbine housing and a generator housing connected to the turbine housing it is possible according to the invention to dispose the whole device comprising the ORC turbine and the generator in a single, common housing.
In order to obtain a very good efficiency of the inventive device the ORC turbine can be a centripetal turbine.
It is preferred that the power output from the turbine is in the range between 1 kW and 200 kW. Accordingly the inventive device is particularly well suited for applications with a comparatively low power demand, where the use of common turbines up to now was not possible because of economic reasons.
The invent!on and its underlying principle will be better understood when consideration is given to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments . In the accompanying drawings :
Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of the main components of the inventive device; and
Fig. 2 shows the ORC turbine and the generator to which the turbine is coupled in a sectional side view.
The device 1 for the production of electric current from waste heat as shown in fig. 1 comprises an ORC turbine 2 and a generator 3 , driven by the ORC turbine 2 , which are coupled through a common shaft 4. The device is operated using the Organic Rankine Cycle. A pump 5 compresses a working fluid until a necessary operating pressure is reached. After passing a regenerator 6 the working fluid reaches an evaporator 7, in which heat is applied. This heat is waste heat of an industrial process which may be generated in a processing installation, a chemical plant or in a steel mill. This waste heat is used in the evaporator 7 in order to evaporate the working fluid. Subsequently the working fluid reaches the ORC turbine 2 in gaseous form, so that rotor blades of the ORC turbine 2 are rotated. The rotor blades are disposed on the shaft 4 which serves as well as generator shaft. As the ORC turbine 2 and the generator 3 are coupled by the common shaft 4 the mechanical energy of the ORC turbine 2 is converted into electrical energy which is fed into a power grid. From the ORC turbine 2 the expanded gaseous working fluid reaches the regenerator 6, in which a heat exchange takes place. The gaseous working fluid is cooled and liquified in a condenser 8 subsequently, so that the thermodynamic cycle is closed.
In the present embodiment a fluoroketone is used as working fluid, this working fluid is non combustible.
Fig. 2 shows the ORC turbine 2 and the generator 3 in a sectional view. The ORC turbine 2 is formed as a centripetal turbine. ORC turbine 2 and generator 3 are disposed in a common housing and form a compact assembly. In fig. 2 one can see that the ORC turbine 2 and the generator 3 are coupled by the common shaft 4 so that an intermediate transmission or a gearbox is not necessary. The ORC turbine 2 is
supported by foil bearings 10, which guarantee a very low friction. The working fluid flows through the foil bearings 10 and cools them. The ORC turbine 2 as depicted in fig. 2 has a power output of 10 kW, accordingly it can even be used for lower power demands or when a lower amount of waste heat is present.
Reference numeral list
1 device
2 ORC turbine
3 generator
4 shaft
5 pump
6 regenerator
7 evaporator
8 condenser
9 housing
10 foil bearing
Claims
1. Device for the production of electric current from waste heat by using a generator (3) driven by an ORC turbine (2), characterized in that the generator (3) and the ORC turbine (2) are coupled by a common shaft (4) .
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (4) of the ORC turbine (2) is supported in foil bear- ings (10) .
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that a working fluid flows through the foil bearings (10) and cools them.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the working fluid is non combustible -.
5. Device according to- claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the working fluid is a fluoroketone .
6. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ORC turbine (2) and the generator (3) form a compact assembly and are disposed in a common housing (9).
7. Device according to any of the preceding claims, charac¬ terized in that the ORC turbine (2) is a centripetal turbine.
8. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power output from the ORC turbine (2) is in the range between 1 kW and 200 kW.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RU2011/000630 WO2013028088A1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2011-08-19 | Device for the production of electric current from waste heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RU2011/000630 WO2013028088A1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2011-08-19 | Device for the production of electric current from waste heat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013028088A1 true WO2013028088A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
Family
ID=45930962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RU2011/000630 WO2013028088A1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2011-08-19 | Device for the production of electric current from waste heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2013028088A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014160257A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Echogen Power Systems, L.L.C. | Charging pump system for supplying a working fluid to bearings in a supercritical working fluid circuit |
| CN105275507A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-27 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Leakproof organic working medium turbine generator set |
| CN106050326A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳智慧能源技术有限公司 | Turbine expansion generator |
| ITUB20156280A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-03 | Kaymacor S R L | PROCEDURE FOR THE OPTIMIZED MANAGEMENT OF THE STOPPING OF A RANKINE ORGANIC CYCLE PLANT AND A RANKINE ORGANIC CYCLE PLANT WITH OPTIMIZED STOP |
| WO2017167901A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for transferring heat |
| IT201900023025A1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-05 | Mario Ghiringhelli | RANKINE CYCLE HEAT RECOVERY EQUIPMENT WITH ORGANIC FLUIDS TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY ON A TISSUE PAPER PRODUCTION MACHINE |
| WO2023196520A1 (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-10-12 | Sapphire Technologies, Inc. | Capturing and utilizing waste heat in electrical power generation |
| WO2023244119A1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-21 | Aker Solutions As | Turbine-generator, power plant and method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040088985A1 (en) | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-13 | Carrier Corporation | Organic rankine cycle waste heat applications |
| GB2405448A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-02 | Freepower Ltd | A closed cycle energy recovery system |
| WO2007088194A2 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-09 | Frank Eckert | Organic rankine cycle (orc) turbogenerator |
| US20080246281A1 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-10-09 | Agrawal Giridhari L | Turboalternator with hydrodynamic bearings |
| WO2010045341A2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-22 | George Erik Mcmillan | Vapor powered engine/electric generator |
-
2011
- 2011-08-19 WO PCT/RU2011/000630 patent/WO2013028088A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040088985A1 (en) | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-13 | Carrier Corporation | Organic rankine cycle waste heat applications |
| GB2405448A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-02 | Freepower Ltd | A closed cycle energy recovery system |
| WO2007088194A2 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-09 | Frank Eckert | Organic rankine cycle (orc) turbogenerator |
| US20080246281A1 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-10-09 | Agrawal Giridhari L | Turboalternator with hydrodynamic bearings |
| WO2010045341A2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-22 | George Erik Mcmillan | Vapor powered engine/electric generator |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014160257A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Echogen Power Systems, L.L.C. | Charging pump system for supplying a working fluid to bearings in a supercritical working fluid circuit |
| EP2972044A4 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2016-12-14 | Echogen Power Systems Llc | Charging pump system for supplying a working fluid to bearings in a supercritical working fluid circuit |
| CN105275507A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-27 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Leakproof organic working medium turbine generator set |
| ITUB20156280A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-03 | Kaymacor S R L | PROCEDURE FOR THE OPTIMIZED MANAGEMENT OF THE STOPPING OF A RANKINE ORGANIC CYCLE PLANT AND A RANKINE ORGANIC CYCLE PLANT WITH OPTIMIZED STOP |
| WO2017167901A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for transferring heat |
| CN106050326A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳智慧能源技术有限公司 | Turbine expansion generator |
| IT201900023025A1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-05 | Mario Ghiringhelli | RANKINE CYCLE HEAT RECOVERY EQUIPMENT WITH ORGANIC FLUIDS TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY ON A TISSUE PAPER PRODUCTION MACHINE |
| WO2023196520A1 (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-10-12 | Sapphire Technologies, Inc. | Capturing and utilizing waste heat in electrical power generation |
| WO2023244119A1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-21 | Aker Solutions As | Turbine-generator, power plant and method |
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