WO2013017935A1 - Device and method for saturating liquid with gas - Google Patents

Device and method for saturating liquid with gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013017935A1
WO2013017935A1 PCT/IB2012/001471 IB2012001471W WO2013017935A1 WO 2013017935 A1 WO2013017935 A1 WO 2013017935A1 IB 2012001471 W IB2012001471 W IB 2012001471W WO 2013017935 A1 WO2013017935 A1 WO 2013017935A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
flow
section
chamber
sections
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/001471
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Stair Woodley
Original Assignee
Fmpb Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fmpb Co., Ltd. filed Critical Fmpb Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2013017935A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013017935A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
    • A23L2/54—Mixing with gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/25—Mixing by jets impinging against collision plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4334—Mixers with a converging cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and method for saturating a liquid with a gas.
  • the waste water treatment industry often uses a process known as dissolved air flotation in which sludge contaminants are separated and floated away.
  • Other industries also use such processes, including the food processing, catering, hotels, restaurants, petrochemical, industrial, mining and marine industries.
  • the dissolved air flotation process involves the use of air compressors or air blowers to feed compressed air to rubber diaphragm diffusers fitted at the lower portion of a tank into which the contaminated water or waste water flows. Pressurised air is forced through small pin holes in the diffuser rubber diaphragm to create air bubbles, but as the bubbles move from a higher pressure zone into a lower pressure zone they expand, and in doing so the rise rate and ability of the air bubble to attach to the coagulated or flocculated contaminants within the water or waste water within the air floatation tank is greatly reduced.
  • An aim of the invention is to provide a device and method for saturating a liquid with gas which can be used more efficiently in a separation and flotation process.
  • a device for saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas comprising:
  • a chamber including at least one inlet and at least one outlet for allowing a liquid to flow therethrough;
  • said chamber including a series of sections of progressively reducing size through which the liquid can pass to increase the flow rate thereof;
  • one or more of the sections being separated from another of the sections by a partition, two or more conduits being provided in the partition to allow the flow of liquid into the separated section; characterised in that at least one of the conduits of the separated section is arranged such that the flow of the liquid therethrough is directed into the flow of the liquid from one of the other conduits.
  • the liquid is accelerated as it passes through the chamber via the sections, due to the progressively reducing size of the sections, then mixed at high velocity by splitting the flow into two or more streams which are collided against each other to saturate the liquid with gas.
  • the invention results in the output liquid being saturated with air homogeneously so as to keep the gas in solution for the maximum period of time whilst also producing submicron and micro gas bubbles
  • the gas is air but it will be appreciated that other gases could be used.
  • gas is mixed with the liquid inside the chamber.
  • the liquid is water but it will be appreciated that other liquids could be used
  • the chamber contains at least one shearing face onto which liquid from the inlet can be directed. Typically the shearing face is formed as part of the partition. The initial flow of liquid from the inlet is impinged on the shearing face for initial mixing and shearing within the chamber.
  • the chamber includes a first section having a first cross-sectional area, a second section having a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross- sectional area, and a third section having a third cross-sectional area smaller than the second cross-sectional area.
  • the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the first section to the cross-sectional area of the third or last section is from around 8: 1 to around 10:1.
  • the velocity of the liquid increases from around 1-1.8 m/s at the inlet to around 11-15m/s at the outlet.
  • the second and third sections are substantially concentric within the chamber.
  • the second section comprises an annulus at least part of which extends around the third section.
  • the second section includes a cylindrical conical reducing annulus and/or a parallel annulus.
  • the chamber is a tubular structure, and contains a further tubular structure extending partway therein.
  • one end of the tubular structure forms a first section
  • the other end forms a second section as an annulus with a cross-sectional area smaller than the first section (due to the presence of the further tubular structure)
  • the further tubular structure forms a third section of cross-sectional area smaller than the second section.
  • conduits of the separated section are opposed.
  • the flow of liquid from one conduit is collided into the flow of liquid from another conduit.
  • the flow of liquid through the conduits is substantially at right angles to the flow of liquid through the preceding section.
  • the combined cross-sectional area of the conduits is less than the cross- sectional area of the second or third sections.
  • apparatus including a housing and a separation plate for receiving one or more devices as herein described. This allows the parallel operation of a plurality of devices.
  • a method of saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas comprising the steps of: introducing a liquid into a chamber, said chamber including at least one inlet and at least one outlet for allowing the liquid to flow therethrough; directing the liquid to a shearing face; directing the liquid to a section of the chamber where the liquid is split into two or more streams;
  • the streams are directed into each other from substantially opposed directions.
  • the liquid is then directed to the outlet of the chamber.
  • the liquid is directed through a plurality of sections of progressively reducing size to increase the flow velocity thereof.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description
  • a device 5 for saturating liquid with gas, fitted to a housing 13 via a separation plate 11 and mechanism 15.
  • a liquid media such as water has air or another gaseous media introduced thereinto, which flows into the housing 13 via an inlet channel 12.
  • the aerated liquid passes through the inlet 1 of the device 5 at very high velocity into a first section 4 and impinges on a shearing face 2 where initial saturation of the air into the water takes place.
  • the partially saturated aerated liquid mixture passes to a second section 6 comprising a cylindrical conical reducing annulus 3 where further compression and saturation of the air into the liquid takes place.
  • the liquid with increased saturation of air then passes from the annulus area 6 to a third section 8 via two conduits 7, the conduits having a combined area less than the area of annulus 6, such that the velocity and acceleration of the liquid flow through the conduits 7 is increased.
  • the conduits 7 are configured at one hundred and eighty degrees to each other to enable the partially saturated aerated liquid mixture to collide and impact at very high velocity within the third section 8 such that the air within the aerated liquid mixture fractionates within the liquid into submicron air bubbles within section 8
  • the resulting super saturated sub micron air liquid mixture exits the chamber 8 via outlet 10 into an output compartment 14 of the housing where the mixture is then directed to an outlet channel 15.
  • the separation plate 1 1 isolates the inlet channel 12 from the outlet channel 15 and allows multiple saturation devices to installed together.
  • the third section is substantially separated from the second section by a partition 9, through which the conduits are formed.
  • the partition is a tubular structure, and the end of the tube is frustoconical to form the shearing face 2.
  • the device provides a system that is ultra efficient in incorporating a gas into a liquid thoroughly and homogeneously with bubble sizes ranging from sub microns to microns, whilst being inexpensive to manufacture and not requiring air compressors or air blowers, simply relying on the use of low energy pumping system.
  • the device can thus be used in removal of emulsified oils and grease from water and wastewater. Using conventional means this is difficult and requires very expensive centrifuge equipment which has limited capacities. The invention can achieve improved results with greater flows at significantly reduced capital and operating cost.
  • Another example of its use is the air flotation of flocculated waste components by very fine air bubbles from a flow of wastewater.
  • Yet another example is the separation of fine fibre particles from fruit juice by floating the fibre particles to the top surface of a floatation separation tank.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

A device (5) for saturating liquid with gas comprising at least one chamber with a series of sections (4, 6, 8) of progressively reducing size through which the liquid can pass to increase the flow rate thereof, one ore more of the sections being partitioned, the partition (9) having conduits (7) to split the flow of liquid into streams and arranged such that the streams are directed into each other to increase the saturation of gas in the liquid.

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SATURATING LIQUTD WITH GAS
Field of Invention
The invention relates to a device and method for saturating a liquid with a gas.
Background
A number of industries have the need to saturate liquids with gases, including tertiary water treatment, waste water treatment and certain food and beverage producers.
For example, the waste water treatment industry often uses a process known as dissolved air flotation in which sludge contaminants are separated and floated away. Other industries also use such processes, including the food processing, catering, hotels, restaurants, petrochemical, industrial, mining and marine industries.
Conventionally the dissolved air flotation process involves the use of air compressors or air blowers to feed compressed air to rubber diaphragm diffusers fitted at the lower portion of a tank into which the contaminated water or waste water flows. Pressurised air is forced through small pin holes in the diffuser rubber diaphragm to create air bubbles, but as the bubbles move from a higher pressure zone into a lower pressure zone they expand, and in doing so the rise rate and ability of the air bubble to attach to the coagulated or flocculated contaminants within the water or waste water within the air floatation tank is greatly reduced.
As such the conventional dissolved air flotation system is inefficient as a separation and flotation process. An aim of the invention is to provide a device and method for saturating a liquid with gas which can be used more efficiently in a separation and flotation process.
Summary of Invention In an aspect of the invention, there is provided a device for saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas, comprising:
a chamber including at least one inlet and at least one outlet for allowing a liquid to flow therethrough;
said chamber including a series of sections of progressively reducing size through which the liquid can pass to increase the flow rate thereof;
one or more of the sections being separated from another of the sections by a partition, two or more conduits being provided in the partition to allow the flow of liquid into the separated section; characterised in that at least one of the conduits of the separated section is arranged such that the flow of the liquid therethrough is directed into the flow of the liquid from one of the other conduits. The liquid is accelerated as it passes through the chamber via the sections, due to the progressively reducing size of the sections, then mixed at high velocity by splitting the flow into two or more streams which are collided against each other to saturate the liquid with gas. Thus the invention results in the output liquid being saturated with air homogeneously so as to keep the gas in solution for the maximum period of time whilst also producing submicron and micro gas bubbles
In one embodiment the gas is air but it will be appreciated that other gases could be used. Typically gas is mixed with the liquid inside the chamber.
In one embodiment the liquid is water but it will be appreciated that other liquids could be used In one embodiment the chamber contains at least one shearing face onto which liquid from the inlet can be directed. Typically the shearing face is formed as part of the partition. The initial flow of liquid from the inlet is impinged on the shearing face for initial mixing and shearing within the chamber.
In one embodiment the chamber includes a first section having a first cross-sectional area, a second section having a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross- sectional area, and a third section having a third cross-sectional area smaller than the second cross-sectional area.
In one embodiment the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the first section to the cross-sectional area of the third or last section is from around 8: 1 to around 10:1. Typically the velocity of the liquid increases from around 1-1.8 m/s at the inlet to around 11-15m/s at the outlet.
Thus the speed of the fluid is increased about 8-10 fold as the liquid moves through the sections, depending on the liquid and the temperature.
In one embodiment the second and third sections are substantially concentric within the chamber. Typically the second section comprises an annulus at least part of which extends around the third section.
In one embodiment the second section includes a cylindrical conical reducing annulus and/or a parallel annulus. In one embodiment the chamber is a tubular structure, and contains a further tubular structure extending partway therein.
Typically one end of the tubular structure forms a first section, the other end forms a second section as an annulus with a cross-sectional area smaller than the first section (due to the presence of the further tubular structure), and the further tubular structure forms a third section of cross-sectional area smaller than the second section.
In one embodiment the conduits of the separated section are opposed. Thus the flow of liquid from one conduit is collided into the flow of liquid from another conduit. Typically the flow of liquid through the conduits is substantially at right angles to the flow of liquid through the preceding section.
Typically the combined cross-sectional area of the conduits is less than the cross- sectional area of the second or third sections.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus including a housing and a separation plate for receiving one or more devices as herein described. This allows the parallel operation of a plurality of devices.
According to a yet further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas, comprising the steps of: introducing a liquid into a chamber, said chamber including at least one inlet and at least one outlet for allowing the liquid to flow therethrough; directing the liquid to a shearing face; directing the liquid to a section of the chamber where the liquid is split into two or more streams;
characterised in that at least two of the streams are directed into each other to increase the saturation of gas in the liquid.
In one embodiment the streams are directed into each other from substantially opposed directions. Typically the liquid is then directed to the outlet of the chamber.
In one embodiment the liquid is directed through a plurality of sections of progressively reducing size to increase the flow velocity thereof.
Brief Description of Drawings
It will be convenient to further describe the present invention with respect to the accompanying drawings that illustrate possible arrangements of the invention. Other arrangements of the invention are possible, and consequently the particularity of the accompanying drawings is not to be understood as superseding the generality of the preceding description of the invention.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description
With reference to Figure 1, there is provided a device 5 according to the invention for saturating liquid with gas, fitted to a housing 13 via a separation plate 11 and mechanism 15.
A liquid media such as water has air or another gaseous media introduced thereinto, which flows into the housing 13 via an inlet channel 12. The aerated liquid passes through the inlet 1 of the device 5 at very high velocity into a first section 4 and impinges on a shearing face 2 where initial saturation of the air into the water takes place.
The partially saturated aerated liquid mixture the passes to a second section 6 comprising a cylindrical conical reducing annulus 3 where further compression and saturation of the air into the liquid takes place.
The liquid with increased saturation of air then passes from the annulus area 6 to a third section 8 via two conduits 7, the conduits having a combined area less than the area of annulus 6, such that the velocity and acceleration of the liquid flow through the conduits 7 is increased. The conduits 7 are configured at one hundred and eighty degrees to each other to enable the partially saturated aerated liquid mixture to collide and impact at very high velocity within the third section 8 such that the air within the aerated liquid mixture fractionates within the liquid into submicron air bubbles within section 8
The resulting super saturated sub micron air liquid mixture exits the chamber 8 via outlet 10 into an output compartment 14 of the housing where the mixture is then directed to an outlet channel 15. The separation plate 1 1 isolates the inlet channel 12 from the outlet channel 15 and allows multiple saturation devices to installed together.
In this embodiment the third section is substantially separated from the second section by a partition 9, through which the conduits are formed. The partition is a tubular structure, and the end of the tube is frustoconical to form the shearing face 2.
Thus the device provides a system that is ultra efficient in incorporating a gas into a liquid thoroughly and homogeneously with bubble sizes ranging from sub microns to microns, whilst being inexpensive to manufacture and not requiring air compressors or air blowers, simply relying on the use of low energy pumping system.
The device can thus be used in removal of emulsified oils and grease from water and wastewater. Using conventional means this is difficult and requires very expensive centrifuge equipment which has limited capacities. The invention can achieve improved results with greater flows at significantly reduced capital and operating cost.
Another example of its use is the air flotation of flocculated waste components by very fine air bubbles from a flow of wastewater. Yet another example is the separation of fine fibre particles from fruit juice by floating the fibre particles to the top surface of a floatation separation tank.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention may also include further additional modifications made to the device which does not affect the overall functioning of the device.

Claims

Claims
1. A device (5) for saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas, comprising; a chamber including at least one inlet (1) and at least one outlet (10) for allowing a liquid to flow therethrough;
said chamber including a series of sections (4, 6, 8) of progressively reducing size through which the liquid can pass to increase the flow rate thereof;
one or more of the sections being separated from another of the sections by a partition (9), two or more conduits (7) being provided in the partition to allow the flow of liquid into the separated section;
characterised in that at least one of the conduits of the separated section is arranged such that the flow of the liquid therethrough is directed into the flow of the liquid from one of the other conduits.
2. A device according to claim 1 wherein the chamber contains at least one shearing face (2) onto which liquid from the inlet can be directed.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the chamber includes first second and third sections of reducing size, the second and third sections being substantially concentric within the chamber.
4. A device according to claim 3 wherein the second section includes a cylindrical conical reducing annulus (3) and/or a parallel annulus, at least part of which extends around the third section.
5. A device according to any preceding claim wherein the conduits of the separated section are opposed.
6. A device according to any preceding claim wherein the flow of liquid through the conduits is substantially at right angles to the flow of liquid through the preceding section.
7. Apparatus including a housing (13) and a separation plate (1 1) for receiving one or more devices (5) according to any previous claim.
8. A method of saturating at least one liquid with at least one gas, comprising the steps of:
introducing a liquid into a chamber, said chamber including at least one inlet (1) and at least one outlet (10) for allowing the liquid to flow therethrough;
directing the liquid to a shearing face (2);
directing the liquid to a section of the chamber where the liquid is split into two or more streams;
characterised in that at least two of the streams are directed into each other to increase the saturation of gas in the liquid.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the liquid is directed through a plurality of sections (4, 6, 8) of progressively reducing size to increase the flow velocity thereof.
10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the streams are directed into each other from substantially opposed directions.
PCT/IB2012/001471 2011-08-02 2012-07-31 Device and method for saturating liquid with gas WO2013017935A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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MYPI2011003585 2011-08-02
MYPI2011003585 2011-08-02

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109475828A (en) * 2016-07-28 2019-03-15 株式会社水改质 Nano bubble generates nozzle and nano bubble generating means
JP2020195939A (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-10 日東精工株式会社 Gas-liquid dissolution tank
WO2021219625A2 (en) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Net Sp. Z O.O. District Cooling Sp. K. Mobile sanitation unit

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040222317A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2004-11-11 Spraying Systems Co. Internal mixing atomizing spray nozzle assembly
JP2005028305A (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-02-03 Institute Of Computational Fluid Dynamics Gas-liquid mixture production device, sewage purifying device and fuel injection equipment
US20050077636A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-14 Bortkevitch Sergey V. Method and apparatus for enhanced oil recovery by injection of a micro-dispersed gas-liquid mixture into the oil-bearing formation
US7281841B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2007-10-16 World Max Alliance Limited Method for mixing a liquid/liquid and/or gaseous media into a solution

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7281841B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2007-10-16 World Max Alliance Limited Method for mixing a liquid/liquid and/or gaseous media into a solution
US20040222317A1 (en) * 2002-05-07 2004-11-11 Spraying Systems Co. Internal mixing atomizing spray nozzle assembly
JP2005028305A (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-02-03 Institute Of Computational Fluid Dynamics Gas-liquid mixture production device, sewage purifying device and fuel injection equipment
US20050077636A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-14 Bortkevitch Sergey V. Method and apparatus for enhanced oil recovery by injection of a micro-dispersed gas-liquid mixture into the oil-bearing formation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109475828A (en) * 2016-07-28 2019-03-15 株式会社水改质 Nano bubble generates nozzle and nano bubble generating means
EP3482820A4 (en) * 2016-07-28 2019-11-13 Aqua Solution Co., Ltd. Nanobubble-generating nozzle and nanobubble-generating device
JP2020195939A (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-10 日東精工株式会社 Gas-liquid dissolution tank
WO2021219625A2 (en) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Net Sp. Z O.O. District Cooling Sp. K. Mobile sanitation unit

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