WO2013017706A1 - Espalier cultivation system - Google Patents

Espalier cultivation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013017706A1
WO2013017706A1 PCT/ES2012/000098 ES2012000098W WO2013017706A1 WO 2013017706 A1 WO2013017706 A1 WO 2013017706A1 ES 2012000098 W ES2012000098 W ES 2012000098W WO 2013017706 A1 WO2013017706 A1 WO 2013017706A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
forks
braces
posts
previous
lifting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/000098
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Victor Balbas Arroyo
Original Assignee
Viña Solorca, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Viña Solorca, S.L. filed Critical Viña Solorca, S.L.
Publication of WO2013017706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013017706A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A01G17/06—Trellis-work
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A01G17/06—Trellis-work
    • A01G17/08—Tools e.g. clips for attaching hops, vines, or boughs to trellis-work; Tying devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a trellis cultivation system, based on the classic height adjustable straps to carry out the maintenance, addressing, protection and support of crop vegetation, in order to form these and prevent them from being spread and invade the environment and even be able to control its evolution.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a simple and efficient system that allows to regulate the height of the braces, taking advantage of the installation of posts anchored in the ground and that constitute the guide and support means of the so-called “training wires", or even for other uses such as irrigation guide, covering supports, etc.
  • the system of the invention is based on the corresponding straps that protect, maintain, direct and support the vegetation of the crops, are related to mounted forks tilting on the aforementioned posts, so that the mounting of each fork to the respective post is carried out with the intervention of a flange fixed to the latter, and the braces are joined at points of the forks, maintaining a constant distance between those braces and that corresponds to the distance between forks, all of them related to each other, so that at the moment you pivot one of them, the rest are dragged, through the braces, to carry out an inclination or dejection in the direction of ascent or descent, depending on whether it is intended to guide the crops, or if other operations are intended, such as the manipulation of the so-called training wire
  • the set of related forks by means of the corresponding braces are mounted below the so-called formation wires, the forks being constituted in each case by two long branches that run close to each other, being pivoting through the base thereof in their union with the clamps of the poles, at the same time that the braces are linked to the forks also in a rotating way for those.
  • Each row of forks is also related to a lifting tensioner provided at the initial end, and to a lowering tensioner provided at the final end, both operated manually, mechanically, with motors, telemanaged, etc. , that is to say by any drive and control system that allows to carry out the tilt in the elevation and descent of the fork and therefore the elevation in height or descent of the braces themselves.
  • the straps are always arranged coplanarly with the ground, regardless of the degree of inclination of the forks, forming coplanar rows with the ground in the center of cultivation itself or on each side of the vegetation, in order to evolve , that is, climbing, as the vegetation does, to integrate into it.
  • the proposed system in addition to allowing the effective control of the evolution of the vegetation, allows its collection at the time of pruning or other treatments or works, in which the support braces are more a problem than an advantage, since structurally the referred system is simple, easy to install, easy to use, and with a high degree of efficiency.
  • This system is especially suitable for row-intensive crops, such as fruit trees or vines, without prejudice to other complementary systems such as irrigation, cover, pruning, land work, etc.
  • the succession of forks of each row fixed to as many posts will form a unique set, since all the forks are related to each other by the braces, at a specific distance, which is the length that will correspond to a length between struts, always establishing deformable parallelograms depending on the angle taken by the forks, making the straps adjustable in height.
  • this allows maintaining the parallelism between the braces themselves as they are taking different height or regulation by the tilt of the forks.
  • each fork can have at its base a spring that tends to start lifting the fork, favoring at all times that folding up and ultimately reducing the preliminary efforts when the fork position is lower, which is when more effort is necessary for its lifting.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the trellis cultivation system carried out in accordance with the object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a detail of the way of tilting the forks that participate in the system of the invention, carrying out the coplanar lifting or lowering with the terrain of the braces themselves.
  • Figure 3. Shows a perspective and detailed view corresponding to the way of mounting a fork with respect to the post, as well as the anchoring of the end of the braces on the fork, also showing a plantation.
  • the trellis cultivation system object of the invention takes advantage of the conventional posts (1) anchored in the ground and that establish a line of struts to guide and support the so-called formation wires (2) , being able to be used for other uses such as irrigation guide, covering support, etc.
  • the system of the invention is based on the fact that the corresponding shoulder straps (3) used in the maintenance, routing and support of the plantations (4), are related to a plurality of forks ( 5) mounted in an articulated manner, that is to say pivoting, on the struts (1), the assembly being carried out through flanges (6) fixed to the posts (1) and on whose flanges an articulated mounting element is established, that is to say pivoting of the respective fork (5), this being determined by two elongated arms, close to each other, as shown in Figure 3, where its base establishes a turning section (5 ') with respect to the support constituting the clamp ( 6) fixed to the strut (1).
  • the braces (3) are fixed between fork and fork, at the same distance and with the possibility of turning with respect to it, for which the forks (5) have transverse holes in their branches, through which the commented braces are passed through ( 3), but with a concrete and determined length and distance to ensure that the lifting or lowering of one of the forks (5) carries with it the drag by the braces (3) of the remaining forks (5), that is to say that all the straps (3) are coplanarly displaced with the ground both in elevation and in descent, by tilting the set of the forks (5) that form each row.
  • the ends of the set of forks (5) mounted on the posts (1) are related to tensioners (8 and 9), in the first case of elevation and in the second case of descent, whose tensioners are passed through special struts ( ), so that these tensioners (8 and 9) can be operated manually, or in a motorized way, or even remote control, so that in any case the operation of one of them carries with it the position out of service of the other and vice versa , to carry out either the lifting of the forks (5) and therefore of the braces (3) to be maintained and protected by the plants (4), or the descent of those forks (5) and therefore both the lowering of the braces (3), so that in this second case it will be possible to carry out the manipulation of the training wires (2), or to carry out pruning, irrigation installation, etc.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Supports For Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The system is based on arranging, on conventional posts (1) anchored in the ground and that constitute the means for mounting the conventional training wires (2), clips (5) that are articulated with respect to the posts (1), tie lines (3) being connected to said clips (5) in an arrangement such that they are coplanar with the ground, in such a manner that the raising or lowering of said clips (5) by tensioning devices (8 and 9), respectively, leads to the horizontal raising or lowering of the tie lines (3), thereby adjusting the height of the latter, depending on the inclination to be given to the clips (5).

Description

SISTEMA DE CULTIVO EN ESPALDERA  BACK CROP SYSTEM
D E S C R I P C I O N OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN D E S C R I P C I O N OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema de cultivo en espaldera, basándose en los clásicos tirantes regulables en altura para llevar a cabo el mantenimiento, direccionado, protección y soporte de la vegetación de los cultivos, con el fin de formar éstos y evitar que se desparramen e invadan el entorno e incluso poder controlar su evolución. The present invention relates to a trellis cultivation system, based on the classic height adjustable straps to carry out the maintenance, addressing, protection and support of crop vegetation, in order to form these and prevent them from being spread and invade the environment and even be able to control its evolution.
El objeto de la invención es conseguir un sistema sencillo y eficaz que permita regular la altura de los tirantes, aprovechando la instalación de postes anclados en el terreno y que constituyen el medio de guía y soporte de los denominados "alambres de formación", o incluso para otros usos tales como guía de riego, soportes para cubrición, etc. The object of the invention is to achieve a simple and efficient system that allows to regulate the height of the braces, taking advantage of the installation of posts anchored in the ground and that constitute the guide and support means of the so-called "training wires", or even for other uses such as irrigation guide, covering supports, etc.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los denominados cultivos en espaldera se utilizan con bastante profusión en zonas en donde hay que aprovechar al máximo el espacio y las condiciones climatológicas, de manera tal que los cultivos en espaldera se basan en la disposición de una serie de tirantes regulables en altura para soportar y dirigir la vegetación correspondiente, y aunque se conocen distintos sistemas, en todos los casos se presenta el problema de su elevado costo, puesto que requieren el montaje, elevación de los tirantes a medida que evoluciona la vegetación, un desmontaje final de dichos tirantes, etc. , de manera que los tirantes van montados en postes intercalados en los cultivos y sobre los que se adaptan diferentes formas de sujetar los elementos de soporte propiamente dichos. The so-called trellised crops are used quite profusely in areas where space and weather conditions have to be used to the fullest, so that crops on trellis are based on the provision of a series of height-adjustable straps to support and direct the corresponding vegetation, and although different systems are known, in all cases the problem of its high cost is presented, since they require assembly, elevation of the tailored braces that the vegetation evolves, a final disassembly of said braces, etc. , so that the braces are mounted on posts interspersed in the crops and on which different ways of holding the support elements themselves are adapted.
También se conocen diversos entramados de alambre con variedad de formas y composiciones, con los mismos fines y también con los mismos inconvenientes. Como documentos en los que se describen y citan sistemas de cultivo en espaldera, pueden señalarse Patentes de distintas nacionalidades, y entre las que pueden mencionarse las siguientes: Various wire frames with a variety of shapes and compositions are also known, with the same purposes and also with the same drawbacks. As documents in which trellised cultivation systems are described and cited, patents of different nationalities can be indicated, and among which the following can be mentioned:
Patentes Francesas FR 2674098 y FR 543803; Patente Alemana DE 3126697; Patentes Españolas ES 2193494, ES 1049107 y ES 2347750; Patente Europea EP 2269442; Patentes Suizas SU 704533, SU 1748737 y SU 1327837, así como la Patente Japonesa JP 2009011296, entre otras. French Patents FR 2674098 and FR 543803; German Patent DE 3126697; Spanish Patents ES 2193494, ES 1049107 and ES 2347750; European Patent EP 2269442; Swiss Patents SU 704533, SU 1748737 and SU 1327837, as well as Japanese Patent JP 2009011296, among others.
En las estructuras y sistemas descritos en esos documentos, así como en todas las realizaciones que se conocen, existe una falta de técnica moderna, práctica y efectiva, y que resulte además de bajo coste y fácilmente manipulable. In the structures and systems described in these documents, as well as in all the known embodiments, there is a lack of modern, practical and effective technique, and which is also low cost and easily manipulated.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema que se preconiza ha sido concebido teniendo en cuenta lo expuesto en el apartado anterior, de manera tal que utilizando los clásicos postes anclados en el terreno de cultivo, formando una línea de puntales configurada inicialmente para guía y soporte de los llamados alambres de formación, así como para otros usos, el sistema de la invención se basa en que los correspondientes tirantes que protegen, mantiene, dirigen y soportan la vegetación de los cultivos, están relacionados con horquillas montadas de forma basculante sobre los postes anteriormente referidos, de manera tal que el montaje de cada horquilla al respectivo poste se realiza con la intervención de una brida fijada a éste último, y los tirantes se unen en puntos de las horquillas, manteniendo una distancia constante entre esos tirantes y que corresponde a la distancia entre horquillas, todas ellas relacionadas entre si, para que en el momento que pivote una de ellas, las restantes sean arrastradas, a través de los tirantes, para llevar a cabo una inclinación o abatimiento en sentido de ascenso o de descenso, dependiendo de si se pretende guiar los cultivos, o si se pretende realizar otras operaciones, como puede ser la manipulación de los denominados alambres de formación, la manipulación de sistemas de riego, etc. The system that has been recommended has been conceived taking into account what was stated in the previous section, so that using the classic posts anchored in the cultivation land, forming a line of struts Initially configured for guidance and support of the so-called training wires, as well as for other uses, the system of the invention is based on the corresponding straps that protect, maintain, direct and support the vegetation of the crops, are related to mounted forks tilting on the aforementioned posts, so that the mounting of each fork to the respective post is carried out with the intervention of a flange fixed to the latter, and the braces are joined at points of the forks, maintaining a constant distance between those braces and that corresponds to the distance between forks, all of them related to each other, so that at the moment you pivot one of them, the rest are dragged, through the braces, to carry out an inclination or dejection in the direction of ascent or descent, depending on whether it is intended to guide the crops, or if other operations are intended, such as the manipulation of the so-called training wires, the manipulation of irrigation systems, etc.
El conjunto de horquillas relacionadas mediante los correspondientes tirantes, quedan montadas por debajo de los llamados alambres de formación, estando las horquillas constituidas en cada caso por dos largas ramas que discurren próximas entre si, siendo pivotantes a través de la base de las mismas en su unión con las abrazaderas de los postes, a la vez que los tirantes se vinculan a las horquillas también de forma giratoria para aquellos. Cada hilera de horquillas se relaciona además con un tensor de elevación previsto en el extremo inicial, y con un tensor de descenso previsto en el extremo final, accionados ambos de forma manual, mecánica, con motores, telegestionada, etc. , es decir por cualquier sistema de accionamiento y control que permita llevar a cabo el basculamiento en la elevación y descenso de la horquilla y por lo tanto la elevación en altura o descenso de los propios tirantes. The set of related forks by means of the corresponding braces, are mounted below the so-called formation wires, the forks being constituted in each case by two long branches that run close to each other, being pivoting through the base thereof in their union with the clamps of the poles, at the same time that the braces are linked to the forks also in a rotating way for those. Each row of forks is also related to a lifting tensioner provided at the initial end, and to a lowering tensioner provided at the final end, both operated manually, mechanically, with motors, telemanaged, etc. , that is to say by any drive and control system that allows to carry out the tilt in the elevation and descent of the fork and therefore the elevation in height or descent of the braces themselves.
Evidentemente, los tirantes siempre están dispuestos de forma coplanaria con el terreno, independientemente del grado de inclinación de las horquillas, formando hileras coplanarias con el terreno en el propio centro de cultivo o bien a cada lado de la vegetación, al objeto de que vayan evolucionando, es decir subiendo, a medida que lo hace la vegetación, para integrarse en ella. El sistema propuesto, además de permitir el control de forma eficaz de la evolución de la vegetación, permite su recogida en el momento de poda u otros tratamientos o trabajos, en los que los tirantes de sustentación resultan mas un problema que una ventaja, ya que estructuralmente el sistema referido es simple, de fácil implantación, de fácil manejo, y con un alto grado de eficacia. Obviously, the straps are always arranged coplanarly with the ground, regardless of the degree of inclination of the forks, forming coplanar rows with the ground in the center of cultivation itself or on each side of the vegetation, in order to evolve , that is, climbing, as the vegetation does, to integrate into it. The proposed system, in addition to allowing the effective control of the evolution of the vegetation, allows its collection at the time of pruning or other treatments or works, in which the support braces are more a problem than an advantage, since structurally the referred system is simple, easy to install, easy to use, and with a high degree of efficiency.
Dicho sistema resulta especialmente idóneo para cultivos intensivos en hileras, como son los frutales o las vides, sin prejuicio de otos sistemas complementarios como pueden ser riego, cubrición, poda, labores de la tierra, etc. This system is especially suitable for row-intensive crops, such as fruit trees or vines, without prejudice to other complementary systems such as irrigation, cover, pruning, land work, etc.
Como se habrá podido comprobar de la descripción realizada hasta el momento, la sucesión de horquillas de cada hilera fijadas a otros tantos postes, formarán un conjunto único, ya que todas las horquillas quedan relacionadas entre si por los tirantes, a una distancia concreta, que es la longitud que corresponderá a una longitud entre puntales, estableciendo siempre paralelogramos deformables en función del ángulo que tomen las horquillas, haciendo que los tirantes sean regulables en altura. En cuanto al montaje en giro de los tirantes respecto a las horquillas, ello permite mantener el paralelismo entre los propios tirantes a medida que van tomando diferente altura o regulación por el basculamiento de las horquillas. As you can see from the description made so far, the succession of forks of each row fixed to as many posts, will form a unique set, since all the forks are related to each other by the braces, at a specific distance, which is the length that will correspond to a length between struts, always establishing deformable parallelograms depending on the angle taken by the forks, making the straps adjustable in height. As for the mounting in rotation of the braces with respect to the forks, this allows maintaining the parallelism between the braces themselves as they are taking different height or regulation by the tilt of the forks.
En cuanto a los tensores extremos, es decir el de elevación y el de descenso, cuando uno funciona el otro estará inactivo y viceversa, pudiendo llevar a cabo su accionamiento, como anteriormente se ha dicho, de forma manual, motorizada o incluso telegestionada. As for the extreme tensioners, that is to say the one of elevation and the one of descent, when one works the other will be inactive and vice versa, being able to carry out its operation, as previously said, manually, motorized or even telemanaged.
Cabe destacar el hecho de que cada horquilla puede disponer en su base de un resorte que tiende iniciar el levantamiento de la horquilla, favoreciendo en todo momento ese abatimiento hacia arriba y reduciendo en definitiva los esfuerzos preliminares cuando la posición de la horquilla es la inferior, que es cuando mas esfuerzo es necesario realizar para su levantamiento. It should be noted that each fork can have at its base a spring that tends to start lifting the fork, favoring at all times that folding up and ultimately reducing the preliminary efforts when the fork position is lower, which is when more effort is necessary for its lifting.
En aquellos casos en que los alambres de formación no sean necesarios, por ejemplo durante la poda o durante otros trabajos, éstos se ocultan en la vegetación con el solo hecho de bascular las horquillas hasta su posición mas baja, quedando siempre por debajo de los propios alambres de formación. In those cases in which the formation wires are not necessary, for example during pruning or during other works, these are hidden in the vegetation with the sole fact of tilting the forks to their lowest position, always being below their own training wires.
Como es evidente, el sistema es fácilmente modulable y adaptable a la inversión y necesidades de cada plantación, según el grado de tecnología aplicada en su implantación, accionamiento manual, con motores o telegestionada, lo que conlleva una simplificación respecto de todos los sistemas hasta ahora conocidos, con un elevado porcentaje de reducción de costos. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS As it is evident, the system is easily modulable and adaptable to the investment and needs of each plantation, according to the degree of technology applied in its implementation, manual operation, with motors or telemanaged, which entails a simplification with respect to all systems so far known, with a high percentage of cost reduction. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una representación esquemática del sistema de cultivo en espaldera realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la invención. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the trellis cultivation system carried out in accordance with the object of the invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra un detalle de la forma de inclinarse las horquillas que participan en el sistema de la invención, llevando a cabo el levantamiento o descenso coplanario con el terreno de los propios tirantes. Figure 2.- Shows a detail of the way of tilting the forks that participate in the system of the invention, carrying out the coplanar lifting or lowering with the terrain of the braces themselves.
La figura 3.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva y en detalle correspondiente a la forma de montaje de una horquilla respecto del poste, así como el anclaje del extremo de los tirantes sobre la horquilla, viéndose también una plantación. Figure 3.- Shows a perspective and detailed view corresponding to the way of mounting a fork with respect to the post, as well as the anchoring of the end of the braces on the fork, also showing a plantation.
La figura 4.- Muestra, finalmente, una vista esquemática lateral del abatimiento total en descenso de las horquillas y por lo tanto de los tirantes relacionados con las mismas, viéndose en esta figura el montaje del tensor de elevación de horquillas. REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN Figure 4.- It shows, finally, a schematic side view of the total downward descent of the forks and therefore of the braces related thereto, being seen in this figure the assembly of the fork lift tensioner. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, el sistema de cultivo de espaldera objeto de la invención aprovecha los convencionales postes (1) anclados en el terreno y que establecen una línea de puntales para guía y soporte de los denominados alambres de formación (2), pudiéndose utilizar para otros usos como guía de riego, soporte para cubrición, etc. As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the trellis cultivation system object of the invention takes advantage of the conventional posts (1) anchored in the ground and that establish a line of struts to guide and support the so-called formation wires (2) , being able to be used for other uses such as irrigation guide, covering support, etc.
Pues bien, utilizando esos postes (1), el sistema de la invención se basa en que los correspondientes tirantes (3) de espaldera utilizados en el mantenimiento, direccionado y soporte de las plantaciones (4), están relacionados con una pluralidad de horquillas (5) montadas de forma articulada, es decir pivotantes, sobre los puntales (1), realizándose el montaje a través de bridas (6) fijadas a los postes (1) y en cuyas bridas se establece un elemento de montaje articulado, es decir para pivotamiento de la respectiva horquilla (5), estando ésta determinada por dos brazos alargados, próximos entre si, como se representa en la figura 3, en donde su base establece un tramo (5') de giro respecto del soporte que constituye la abrazadera (6) fijada al puntal (1). Well, using these posts (1), the system of the invention is based on the fact that the corresponding shoulder straps (3) used in the maintenance, routing and support of the plantations (4), are related to a plurality of forks ( 5) mounted in an articulated manner, that is to say pivoting, on the struts (1), the assembly being carried out through flanges (6) fixed to the posts (1) and on whose flanges an articulated mounting element is established, that is to say pivoting of the respective fork (5), this being determined by two elongated arms, close to each other, as shown in Figure 3, where its base establishes a turning section (5 ') with respect to the support constituting the clamp ( 6) fixed to the strut (1).
Los tirantes (3) se fijan entre horquilla y horquilla, a la misma distancia y con posibilidad de girar respecto de ésta, para lo cual las horquillas (5) cuentan con orificios transversales en sus ramas, por los que son pasantes los comentados tirantes (3), pero con una longitud y distanciamiento concreto y determinado para conseguir que la elevación o descenso de una de las horquillas (5) lleve consigo el arrastre por parte de los tirantes (3) de las restantes horquillas (5), es decir que todos los tirantes (3) se desplazan coplanariamente con el terreno tanto en elevación como en descenso, por basculamiento del conjunto de las horquillas (5) que forman cada hilera. Los extremos del conjunto de horquillas (5) montados sobre los postes (1), están relacionados con unos tensores (8 y 9), en el primer caso de elevación y en el segundo caso de descenso, cuyos tensores son pasantes por puntales especiales ( ), de manera que esos tensores (8 y 9) pueden ser accionados manualmente, o bien de forma motorizada, o incluso teledirigidos, de manera que en cualquier caso el accionamiento de uno de ellos lleva consigo la posición fuera de servicio del otro y viceversa, para llevar a cabo o bien el levantamiento de las horquillas (5) y por lo tanto de los tirantes (3) que han de mantener y proteger las plantas (4), o bien el descenso de esas horquillas (5) y por lo tanto el descenso de los tirantes (3), de manera que en este segundo caso se podrá llevar a cabo la manipulación de los alambres de formación (2), o bien llevar a cabo podas, montaje de riegos, etc. The braces (3) are fixed between fork and fork, at the same distance and with the possibility of turning with respect to it, for which the forks (5) have transverse holes in their branches, through which the commented braces are passed through ( 3), but with a concrete and determined length and distance to ensure that the lifting or lowering of one of the forks (5) carries with it the drag by the braces (3) of the remaining forks (5), that is to say that all the straps (3) are coplanarly displaced with the ground both in elevation and in descent, by tilting the set of the forks (5) that form each row. The ends of the set of forks (5) mounted on the posts (1), are related to tensioners (8 and 9), in the first case of elevation and in the second case of descent, whose tensioners are passed through special struts ( ), so that these tensioners (8 and 9) can be operated manually, or in a motorized way, or even remote control, so that in any case the operation of one of them carries with it the position out of service of the other and vice versa , to carry out either the lifting of the forks (5) and therefore of the braces (3) to be maintained and protected by the plants (4), or the descent of those forks (5) and therefore both the lowering of the braces (3), so that in this second case it will be possible to carry out the manipulation of the training wires (2), or to carry out pruning, irrigation installation, etc.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
I a.- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, que siendo aplicable para cultivos intensivos en hileras, como son los frutales y las vides, y compatible con sistemas complementarios como pueden ser de riego, cubrición, poda, labores de tierra, etc. , basándose en la utilización de postes (1) anclados al terreno para los denominados alambres de formación (2), se caracteriza porque sobre determinados postes (1), van montadas articuladamente respectivas horquillas (5) vinculadas entre si a través de tirantes (3) de la misma longitud, estableciendo éstos el distanciamiento de las horquillas, las cuales están montadas respecto de los postes (1) con carácter basculante en sentido de ascenso y de descenso por medio de tensores de elevación (8) y de descenso (9), de manera que el accionamiento del tensor de elevación (8) lleva consigo el basculamiento hacia arriba de las horquillas (5) y por lo tanto la elevación coplanaria con el terreno de los distintos tirantes (3) vinculados a las horquillas (5), mientras que el accionamiento del tensor de descenso (9) lleva consigo el abatimiento de todas las horquillas (5) y con ello el descenso coplanario con el terreno de los tirantes (3), siendo éstos los que arrastran en un sentido u otro al unísono a todas las horquillas (5). I a .- Trellis cultivation system, which being applicable for row-intensive crops, such as fruit trees and vines, and compatible with complementary systems such as irrigation, covering, pruning, land work, etc. , based on the use of posts (1) anchored to the ground for the so-called training wires (2), it is characterized in that on certain posts (1), respective forks (5) are connected to each other articulated by means of braces (3 ) of the same length, these establishing the spacing of the forks, which are mounted with respect to the posts (1) with a tilting character in the direction of ascent and descent by means of lifting (8) and lowering tensioners (9) , so that the actuation of the lifting tensioner (8) carries with it the upward tilt of the forks (5) and therefore the coplanar elevation with the terrain of the different braces (3) linked to the forks (5), while the drive of the lowering tensioner (9) carries with it the folding of all the forks (5) and with it the coplanar descent with the ground of the braces (3), these being the ones that drag in one direction or another in unison to all the forks (5).
2a.- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las horquillas (5) van montadas sobre los postes (1) a través de bridas (6) fijadas a éstos, y constitutivas del medio de montaje basculante de las propias horquillas (5). 2 .- System espalier according to claim 1, characterized in that the forks (5) are mounted on the posts (1) by flanges (6) fixed thereto, and constituting the means of swivel mounting of the own Forks (5).
3a .- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque cada horquilla (5) está formada por dos largas ramas próximas entre si, estando dichas ramas afectadas de orificios para paso de los tirantes (3) de vinculación entre horquillas (5), estando esos tirantes (3) vinculados a las horquillas con facultad de giro para mantener el paralelismo de todos ellos tanto en los movimientos de elevación como en los movimientos de descenso. 4a.- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el montaje de las horquillas (5) respecto de los postes (1) se realiza por debajo de los alambres de formación (2) montados entre los propios postes (1). 5a:- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los tensores de elevación (8) y de descenso (9) van montados en puntales especiales y extremos ( ). 3 .- System espalier according to previous claims, characterized in that each fork (5) consists of two adjacent long branches each other , it said branches affected holes being for passage of the straps (3) linking yokes ( 5), being those braces (3) linked to the forks with the power to turn to maintain the parallelism of all of them both in the movements of elevation and in the movements of descent. 4 .- System espalier according to previous claims, characterized in that the mounting forks (5) with respect to the posts (1) is carried below the forming wires (2) mounted between the posts themselves (1 ). 5 a : - Trellis cultivation system, according to previous claims, characterized in that the lifting (8) and lowering tensioners (9) are mounted on special struts and ends ().
6a.- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los tirantes (3) van dispuestos coplanarios con el terreno formando hileras que discurren por el centro de cultivo, por un lado o ambos lados de la vegetación que forma ese cultivo. 6 a .- Trellis cultivation system, according to previous claims, characterized in that the braces (3) are arranged coplanar with the ground forming rows that run through the cultivation center, on one side or both sides of the vegetation that forms that crop .
7a.- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el accionamiento de los tensores de elevación (8) y de descenso (9) es susceptible de realizarse manualmente, de forma motorizada o incluso por telegestión. 7 a .- Trellis cultivation system, according to previous claims, characterized in that the actuation of the lifting (8) and lowering tensioners (9) is capable of being carried out manually, motorized or even by remote management.
8a .- Sistema de cultivo en espaldera, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque opcionalmente las horquillas (5) en su base incluyen un resorte que favorece el inicio a la elevación del conjunto de horquillas (5) desde su posición mas baja. 8 .- espalier system according to previous claims, characterized in that optionally the forks (5) at its base include a spring seedbed for the lifting fork assembly (5) from its lowest position.
PCT/ES2012/000098 2011-07-29 2012-04-12 Espalier cultivation system WO2013017706A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ESP201100905 2011-07-29
ES201100905A ES2395177B1 (en) 2011-07-29 2011-07-29 BACK CROP SYSTEM.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITPN20130022A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2014-10-25 Claudio Bortolussi FIXING AND ADJUSTMENT DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING WIRES FOR A PLANT WIRE

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR543803A (en) * 1921-11-22 1922-09-09 Protection and trellising device for shrubs
US3526993A (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-09-08 Henry Siebol Orchard trellis system
JPH06141707A (en) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-24 Hokoku Kogyo Co Ltd Fruit-tree trellis apparatus
EP1371281A1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-17 Agostino Venturin Swinging support device for vine shoots
JP2011062094A (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-31 Nittetsu Corrosion Prevention Co Ltd Fruit cultivation shelf

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR543803A (en) * 1921-11-22 1922-09-09 Protection and trellising device for shrubs
US3526993A (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-09-08 Henry Siebol Orchard trellis system
JPH06141707A (en) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-24 Hokoku Kogyo Co Ltd Fruit-tree trellis apparatus
EP1371281A1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-17 Agostino Venturin Swinging support device for vine shoots
JP2011062094A (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-31 Nittetsu Corrosion Prevention Co Ltd Fruit cultivation shelf

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITPN20130022A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2014-10-25 Claudio Bortolussi FIXING AND ADJUSTMENT DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING WIRES FOR A PLANT WIRE
WO2014174417A3 (en) * 2013-04-24 2015-03-05 Claudio Bortolussi Device for fastening and adjusting the carrying wires on a row of plants
US10136589B2 (en) 2013-04-24 2018-11-27 Claudio Bortolussi Device for fastening and adjusting the carrying wires on a row of plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR086921A1 (en) 2014-01-29
ES2395177B1 (en) 2013-12-11
ES2395177A1 (en) 2013-02-08

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