WO2013016944A1 - 电梯曳印带机器制造方法 - Google Patents

电梯曳印带机器制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013016944A1
WO2013016944A1 PCT/CN2012/000537 CN2012000537W WO2013016944A1 WO 2013016944 A1 WO2013016944 A1 WO 2013016944A1 CN 2012000537 W CN2012000537 W CN 2012000537W WO 2013016944 A1 WO2013016944 A1 WO 2013016944A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
traction belt
bearing core
load
rubber
core wire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/000537
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
葛文国
Original Assignee
Ge Wenguo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ge Wenguo filed Critical Ge Wenguo
Publication of WO2013016944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013016944A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D29/00—Producing belts or bands
    • B29D29/10—Driving belts having wedge-shaped cross-section
    • B29D29/103—Multi-ribbed driving belts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2084—Jackets or coverings characterised by their shape
    • D07B2201/2086—Jackets or coverings characterised by their shape concerning the external shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator traction belt, which is an elevator traction belt and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the elevator is an electric motor-powered vertical elevator. It is mainly used for multi-storey buildings to take passengers or carry cargo. According to its structure, it is divided into a car elevator and a stepped elevator.
  • the car elevator is mainly composed of a traction machine, a guide rail, a counterweight device, a safety device, a signal manipulation system, a car and a hall door, a driven wheel, a deflecting wheel, etc.
  • the traction machine is a power device of the elevator, on which A traction sheave is provided, and a traction rope (in the present invention, a traction belt) is hung on the traction sheave (drive wheel).
  • the hoisting rope has two ends, one end is suspended with a counterweight, and one end is hung with a car.
  • the driving wheel is driven by the motor, the torque is transmitted by friction, so that the car and the counterweight are lifted up and down.
  • Most of the existing traction belts are pulled by a flat belt, and the engagement between the traction belt and the driving wheel is planarly engaged; in order to limit the axial displacement, a retaining flange is required.
  • the two sides of the retaining flange and the traction belt may cause relative sliding, resulting in additional wear and shortening the life of the belt.
  • the traction belt is formed into an arc-shaped protrusion, which can reduce the possibility of axial displacement of the traction belt, but it is still not enough to completely ensure that the traction belt does not overflow the driving wheel, so it is necessary to set Keep the flanges.
  • Such a traction belt is disclosed in the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101122097A, published on February 13, 2008, entitled “Belt for Elevator Equipment and Method of Manufacturing the Same, and Elevator Equipment Having Such Belt”; Publication No. CN101122099A, published February 13, 2008, the title of the invention “Elevator belt for elevator equipment and method of manufacturing such elevator belt”; Publication No. CN101122100A, publication date February 13, 2008, title of the invention “Elevator for elevator equipment” Belt and the manufacturing method of the elevator belt”; Publication No. CN101121302A, Publication Date, February 13, 2008, entitled “Belt for Elevator System and Method of Manufacturing Such Belt”; Publication No.
  • the invention was entitled "Elevator Conveyor Belt, Method of Producing Such Elevator Conveyor Belt, and Elevator Equipment with Such Conveyor Belt".
  • the above-mentioned traction belts are provided with a plurality of strips for separating and fixing the load-bearing core wires, which are formed in the same traction belt when the traction belt is manufactured. While these methods ensure that the load-bearing core is in the design position, it obviously increases manufacturing costs and difficulty.
  • the invention title "elevator equipment, belt for elevator equipment and its manufacturing method, belt assembly and assembly method”; provides a traction belt
  • the two sides have a wedge-shaped projection, but the ratio of the bandwidth to the thickness of the strip is specified to be 0.8 to 1.0, and the load-bearing core should be as thick as possible between the strips.
  • the thickness of the traction belt is increased, and the small drive wheel (the greatest advantage of the belt drive is that it allows the use of a miniaturized drive wheel to reduce the driving torque of the drive motor, thereby reducing the size of the motor and reducing the manufacturing cost) And small changes When running to the wheel, the life of the traction belt will be significantly reduced. From the analysis of the wear of the traction belt, the wear of the traction belt mainly occurs on the side where the traction belt contacts the driving wheel, and the contact surface of the traction belt and the driven wheel (or the deflecting wheel) is not worn.
  • the existing types of traction belts also have structural defects, such as poor traction, relative sliding, poor wear and short service life.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved elevator traction belt and a manufacturing method thereof, which can solve the problem that the prior structural design of the similar products leads to poor traction, relative sliding and wear. And technical problems with short service life.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
  • An elevator traction belt is composed of a plurality of single bodies, wherein the traction belt is provided with a plurality of load-bearing core wires, the load-bearing core wire is made of a plurality of steel wires, and the outer diameter of the load-bearing core wire is wrapped a rubber-coated coating layer coated with a polygon, the main point of which is that a single load-bearing core wire is arranged in the single body of the rubber-plastic coating layer, and one side of the single body has a triangular protrusion, and the other side of the symmetry is Trapezoidal boss; both sides of the single triangular protrusion and both sides of the single trapezoidal projection are symmetrically arranged with the angle of the single triangular protrusion to the center line of the load-bearing core, between the monomer and the monomer
  • the rubber-coated cladding has triangular grooves.
  • the relative slip between the drive wheel and the traction belt causes wear, which is not the case with the driven wheel. That is, one side of the traction belt is engaged with the driven wheel, the deflecting wheel (or the guiding wheel), the side is a triangular protrusion to prevent the traction belt from being axially displaced, and the relative displacement is generated; and the traction belt is another One side is engaged with the driving wheel. If the side is flat, there is also a problem of axial deviation. Therefore, the one side is provided with a convex triangle, and the sides of the convex triangle are provided with triangular inclined grooves.
  • the traction belt is separately disposed between the driving wheel (or the driving wheel) of the traction machine and the turning wheel of the elevator, or a plurality of sets of the traction belt are disposed on the driving wheel of the traction machine and the turning wheel of the elevator. There is a gap in the axial arrangement between the traction bands.
  • the thickness of the rubber-plastic coating layer of the outer diameter of the load-bearing core wire to the triangular convex point is greater than the thickness of the rubber-plastic cladding layer of the outer diameter of the load-bearing core wire to the plane of the trapezoidal boss, and the optimum ratio of the thickness of the two sides is 2:1. .
  • the rubber coating of the traction belt is mainly worn on the driving wheel of the traction machine, and the asymmetric thickness setting is advantageous for cost reduction and service life.
  • the ratio of the thickness t of the rubber-coated layer to the width w of the rubber-coated layer is less than 0.2.
  • the two sides of the traction belt can also be respectively set as follows:
  • one side of the rubber-clad coating layer is spaced apart from the triangular triangular concave groove between the single body, and One side of the monomer is spaced apart from the connected triangular groove of the trapezoidal boss between the cells.
  • the rubber coating layer is provided on both sides.
  • the faceted triangular groove is replaced by a triangular protrusion.
  • the triangular protrusions spaced apart from the two sides of the rubber-coated layer are arranged at intervals. The angle of the triangular protrusion of the rubber-coated layer in the above structure is
  • the manufacturing method is as follows: one end of the plurality of load-bearing core wires passes through the fixed traction belt injection molding die and the core wire positioning plate, and the traction belt injection molding die and the core wire positioning plate are connected
  • the core positioning plate is provided with an adjacent load-bearing core line spacing adjustment mechanism, and the two ends of the load-bearing core wire are respectively connected with the finished traction belt reel and the load-bearing core wire reel, and the bearing core wire is in a tension state
  • the load-bearing core wire passes
  • the traction belt is coated with a rubber-plastic coating layer to form a finished traction belt, and the finished traction belt is included in the finished traction belt reel.
  • the key to the manufacturing method is: Before the load-bearing core wire enters the rubber-plastic cladding coating mold, it is in a tension state, and passes through the core wire positioning plate before the injection molding, and the core wire positioning plate is provided with the weight-bearing core wire number
  • the same guide hole with a diameter slightly larger than the load-bearing core wire and having the same spacing and meeting the design requirements, that is, the position of the guide hole is consistent with the position of the load-bearing core wire in the rubber-plastic coating layer; and the core wire positioning plate is closely attached to the traction belt Injection molding die.
  • a front core wire positioning plate is disposed between the load-bearing core wire reel and the core wire positioning plate, and the load-bearing core wire passes through the front core wire positioning plate.
  • the pitch of the guide holes on the front core positioning plate is not only to meet the load-bearing core wire smoothly entering the front positioning plate from the load-bearing core wire reel, but also the front core wire positioning plate is the same as the core wire positioning plate, further reducing the core
  • the wear of the wire positioning plate; that is, the position of the load-bearing core wire in the rubber-plastic coating layer is ideal in a relatively long period of use.
  • the front core positioning plate and the core positioning plate are made of cemented carbide (such as tungsten carbide) or ceramic, and the hardness should be greater than HRC70°.
  • the distance between the traction belt injection mold and the finished traction belt reel is greater than 10 m.
  • the distance setting is to tighten, align, and not skew between the finished traction belt and the finished traction belt reel, and reduce the multiple load-bearing core wires in the rubber coating due to the misalignment. The deviation of the position.
  • the invention has reasonable design, simple structure, low wear rate, long service life, stable transmission effect, good traction effect and feasible manufacturing method, and is suitable for use and manufacture of the elevator traction belt, and structural improvement of the same product.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention, where t is the thickness of the rubber-coated layer and w is the width of the rubber-coated layer.
  • 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional circular arc traction belt.
  • Figure 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, in which the arrows indicate the direction of the process flow.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the modified structure of Fig. 5, in which the arrows indicate the direction of the process flow.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the deformation structure of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the deformation of Fig. 7.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the deformation structure of Figure 8.
  • the above figure number and name 1, rubber and plastic coating, 2, load-bearing core wire, 3, finished traction belt reel, 4, traction belt injection molding, 5, core positioning plate, 6, load-bearing Core reel, 7, front core positioning board, 21, finished traction belt, 100, single.
  • the traction belt is provided with a plurality of load-bearing core wires 2, and each load-bearing core wire is made of a plurality of steel wires, and the outer diameter of the load-bearing core wire is covered with a rubber-plastic coating layer 1.
  • the ratio of the thickness t of the rubber-coated layer to the width w of the rubber-coated layer is less than 0.2, and the thickness of the rubber-coated layer of the outer diameter of the load-bearing core to the triangular convex point is greater than the outer diameter of the load-bearing core to The thickness of the rubber coating of the trapezoidal boss plane.
  • the single body 100 of the traction belt is provided with a load-bearing core wire in a single body, one side of the single body has a triangular protrusion, and the other side of the symmetry is a trapezoidal boss, and a plurality of single bodies.
  • the traction belt is composed; the two sides of the single triangular protrusion and the two sides of the single trapezoidal projection are symmetrically arranged with the angle of the single triangular protrusion to the center line of the load-bearing core, the monomer and the monomer
  • the rubber-coated cladding between them is provided with a triangular groove.
  • the deformed structure is: the side surface of the rubber-plastic cladding layer is spaced apart from the triangular triangular recessed triangular grooves between the single body, The other side of the monomer is spaced apart from the connected triangular grooves of the trapezoidal boss between the monomers.
  • the deformed structure the spaced triangular groove on both sides of the rubber-coated layer is replaced by a triangular protrusion.
  • the deformed structure the triangular protrusions spaced apart from each other on both sides of the rubber-coated layer are disposed at intervals.
  • the above three modified structures can also achieve the same technical object and technical effects of the present invention.
  • those skilled in the art can make obvious structural improvements of the above four structures, and will fall within the protection scope of the present invention. .
  • a circular arc surface traction belt is also composed of a plurality of single bodies, and a single load-bearing core wire is arranged in the single body, and the circular arc surface is dragged.
  • the lower meshing surface refers to the rubber-coated surface of the traction belt and the driven wheel (redirection wheel) or the driving wheel:
  • Fg is the gravity of the traction weight of the present invention (assuming that all traction is concentrated on one side of the monomer, this assumption can simplify the analysis, but does not affect the conclusion);
  • Fn is the normal force
  • Ft is the tangential force
  • ⁇ is the drag
  • the angle between the belt and the driving wheel meshing surface is the same as the gravity. Since ⁇ is a constant value, the traction force Fd and the tangential force Ft are respectively -
  • the left and right Ft are equal and canceled; when it is biased to one side, such as the left side, the left Ft will be larger than the right side Ft; the traction belt will be subjected to The tangential force of the right displacement ensures that it is in normal Engaged state. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the traction force and the tangential force can be changed by simply changing the value of ⁇ ; therefore, according to the friction coefficient and the traction condition, ⁇ can be changed to obtain a satisfactory operating condition.
  • the various force definitions of the existing circular surface traction belt are the same as the present invention, but the angle ⁇ is changed to ⁇ , since the existing circular surface traction belt is an arc surface, in a circle At different points of the arc surface, the ⁇ value is continuously changed; therefore, Fn and Ft also change continuously. If the central angle of the 1/2 arc segment is assumed to be ⁇ , on a certain micro-arc surface, there are:
  • dFd XdFgXl/cos ⁇ Xd ⁇ ;
  • the circular surface traction belt is a circular engagement surface
  • a does not exceed 30°, and at this time, the Ft is only 0.144Fg, which is insufficient to provide sufficient Ft. Eliminate the deviation of the circular surface traction belt.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention is: one end of a plurality of load-bearing core wires made of a plurality of strands of steel wire passes through a fixed traction belt injection molding die 4 and a core wire positioning plate 5, and a drawing tape injection molding package
  • the overmold is integrated with the core positioning plate, and the two ends of the load-bearing core wire are respectively connected with the finished traction belt reel 3 and the load-bearing core reel 6, the load-bearing core wire is in a tension state, and the traction belt is overmolded.
  • the distance between the product and the finished traction belt reel is more than 10m ; the load-bearing core wire is covered with the rubber-plastic coating layer when the mold is over-molded by the traction belt, and the finished traction belt 21 is obtained, and the finished traction belt is included in the finished product traction. With a reel.
  • a front core wire positioning plate 7 is disposed between the load-bearing core wire reel and the core wire positioning plate, and the load-bearing core wire passes through the front core wire. Position the plate to reduce the wear of the positioning plate on the overmold.

Abstract

一种电梯曳引带及其制造方法，该曳引带由若干个单体（100）组成，曳引带内设有多股的承重芯线（2），承重芯线由多股钢丝制成，承重芯线（2）的外径包覆有多边形的橡塑包覆层（1），橡塑包覆层的单体（100）内设有分别一股承重芯线（2），单体的一侧面呈三角形凸起，其对称的另一侧面呈梯形凸台。该曳引带的制造方法是多股承重芯线（2）的一端穿过固定的曳引带注塑包覆模（4）和芯线定位板（5），承重芯线的两端分别与成品曳引带卷筒（3）、承重芯线卷筒（6）连接，承重芯线通过曳引带注塑包覆模时包覆橡塑包覆层，制得成品曳引带。本发明的曳引带结构简单，磨损率低，使用寿命长，传动效果稳定，牵引力作用效果好，适合作为电梯曳引带使用和制造及其同类产品的结构改进。

Description

电梯曳引带及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电梯曳引带， 是一种电梯曳引带及其制造方法。
背景技术
电梯是一种以电动机为动力的垂直升降机， 其主要用于多层建筑乘人或载运货物， 根据 其结构不同分为轿厢式升降电梯和台阶式自动电梯。 轿厢式升降电梯主要由曳引机、 导轨、 对重装置、 安全装置、 信号操纵系统、 轿厢与厅门、 从动轮、 变向轮等组成， 曳引机是电梯 的动力设备， 其上设置有曳引轮， 曳引轮 （驱动轮） 上挂有曳引绳 （在本发明中是曳引带）。 曳引绳 （带） 两端， 一端悬挂有对重， 一端挂有轿箱。 当驱动轮在电动机驱动时， 通过摩擦 传递力矩， 使轿箱和对重上、 下升降。 现有曳引带大多采用平面带牵引， 曳引带与驱动轮之 间的啮合采用平面啮合； 为限制其轴向偏移， 需设置保持凸缘。 保持凸缘与曳引带两侧面有 可能产生相对滑动， 造成附加磨损， 缩短带的使用寿命。 为了克服此弊病， 有曳引带制成圆 弧状的凸起， 此虽可降低曳引带轴向偏移的可能，但仍不足以完全保证曳引带不溢出驱动轮， 因此尚需设置保持凸缘。
此类曳引带如中国专利文献刊载： 公开号 CN101122097A, 公开日 2008年 2月 13日， 发 明名称 "电梯设备的皮带及其制造方法和具有这种皮带的电梯设备"； 公开号 CN101122099A， 公开日 2008年 2月 13日， 发明名称"用于电梯设备的电梯带和制造这种电梯带的方法"； 公 开号 CN101122100A, 公开日 2008年 2月 13日， 发明名称 "用于电梯设备的电梯带及该种电 梯带的制造方法"； 公开号 CN101121302A, 公开日 2008年 2月 13日， 发明名称 "用于电梯 系统的皮带及这种皮带的制造方法"； 公开号 CN101663222A, 公开日 2010年 3月 3日， 发明 名称"电梯传送带、 生产这种电梯传送带的方法以及具有这种传送带的电梯设备"。 上述曳引 带为了保证承重芯线分布在合适的位置上， 采用了多种需预先制备的分隔、 固定承重芯线的 带状物， 在曳引带制造时一同成型于同一曳引带。 这些方法固然能保证承重芯线处于设计位 置， 但显然会增加制造成本和难度。
再如中国专利文献刊载的公开号 CN101121487A，公开日 2008年 2月 13日，发明名称"电 梯设备， 电梯设备用带及其制造方法， 带组合体及装配方法"； 提供了一种曳引带两面都有楔 形凸起的方案， 但规定了其带宽和带厚之比为 0. 8至 1. 0， 并且其承重芯线应尽量处于带厚 之间。 这样的方案， 曳引带的厚度增大， 在小驱动轮 （带驱动的最大优越性就是允许使用小 型化的驱动轮， 以降低驱动电机的驱动力矩， 从而缩小电机的尺寸， 降低制造成本） 和小变 向轮运行时， 将显著降低曳引带的使用寿命。 从曳引带的磨损来分析， 曳引带的磨损主要发 生在曳引带与驱动轮接触一侧面， 而曳引带与从动轮 （或变向轮） 接触面是不存在磨损的。 因此， 当承重芯线处于中间时， 若与驱动轮接触一侧面已磨损完， 另一侧面仍保持完好， 使 曳引带得不到充分利用。 综上所述， 现有各类曳引带还存在结构缺陷， 其牵引力、 相对滑动、 磨损效果较差和使用寿命较短。
发明内容
为克服上述存在的不足， 本发明目的是向本领域提供一种改进型的电梯曳引带及其制造 方法， 使其解决现有同类产品结构设计欠佳导致牵引力、 相对滑动、 磨损效果较差和使用寿 命较短的技术问题。 本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的。
一种电梯曳引带， 该曳引带由若干个单体组成， 所述曳引带内设有多股的承重芯线， 承 重芯线由多股钢丝制成， 承重芯线的外径包覆有多边形的橡塑包覆层， 其要点在于所述橡塑 包覆层的单体内设有分别一股承重芯线， 单体的一侧面呈三角形凸起， 其对称的另一侧面呈 梯形凸台； 单体三角形凸起的两侧边和单体梯形凸台的两侧边均以单体三角形凸起的夹角至 承重芯线的中心线对称设置， 单体与单体之间的橡塑包覆层设有三角形凹槽。 由于驱动轮的 啮合面需要传递力矩， 在特殊情况下， 如电梯紧急制动时， 驱动轮与曳引带之间产生相对滑 动而产生磨损， 而从动轮不存在此情况。 即该曳引带的一侧面与从动轮、 变向轮 （或称导向 轮） 啮合， 该侧面为三角形凸起防止该曳引带轴向跑偏， 产生相对位移； 而该曳引带的另一 侧面与驱动轮啮合， 若该侧面为平面， 则同样存在轴向跑偏的问题， 因此， 该一侧面设置呈 凸三角形， 凸三角形两侧设有三角形的斜面凹槽。 该曳引带单独设置于曳引机的驱动轮 （或 称主动轮） 与电梯的变向轮之间， 或多组该曳引带设置于曳引机的驱动轮与电梯的变向轮之 间， 该曳引带之间的轴向排列时留有间隔。
所述承重芯线的外径至三角形凸起点的橡塑包覆层厚度大于承重芯线的外径至梯形凸台 平面的橡塑包覆层厚度， 两侧厚度的最佳比值为 2 : 1。 该曳引带的橡塑包覆层磨损主要在曳 引机的驱动轮上， 该不对称的厚度设置有利于成本的降低， 提高使用寿命。
所述橡塑包覆层的带厚 t与橡塑包覆层的带宽 w的比值小于 0. 2。 要提高曳引带的承载 能力， 采用单纯将芯线加粗是不可取的， 因为承重芯线加粗即意味驱动轮的直径要增加， 也 就降低曳引带的驱动优越性， 因此最好的办法是增加曳引带的带宽。 同时， 考虑曳引带在不 同载荷下的通用性和制带设备能力的限制， 上述数值是为满足理想承载要求的理想数值。
根据上述结构特点， 所述曳引带的两侧面亦可分别设置为： 方案一、 所述橡塑包覆层一 侧面单体与单体之间三角形凸起的相连三角形凹槽间隔设置， 另一侧面的单体与单体之间梯 形凸台的相连三角形凹槽间隔设置。 方案二、 根据上述方案一的结构， 所述橡塑包覆层两侧 面的间隔三角形凹槽替换为三角形凸起。 方案三、 根据上述方案二的结构， 所述橡塑包覆层 两侧面间隔的三角形凸起间隔相连设置。 上述结构中所述橡塑包覆层的三角形凸起夹角为
60〜120度， 即 2 α =60〜120度。
根据上述结构特点， 其制造方法是： 所述多股承重芯线的一端穿过固定的曳引带注塑包 覆模和芯线定位板， 曳引带注塑包覆模与芯线定位板连为一体， 芯线定位板设有相连承重芯 线间距调节机构， 承重芯线的两端分别与成品曳引带卷筒、 承重芯线卷筒连接， 承重芯线处 于拉紧状态； 承重芯线通过曳引带注塑包覆模时包覆橡塑包覆层， 制得成品曳引带， 成品曳 引带收入成品曳引带卷筒。 其制造方法的关键是： 在承重芯线进入橡塑包覆层包覆模前处于 拉紧状态， 并在注塑成型前先经过芯线定位板， 芯线定位板设有与承重芯线股数相同、 直径 略大于承重芯线且间距相等并符合设计要求的导向孔， 即导向孔的位置与承重芯线处于橡塑 包覆层中的位置一致； 且芯线定位板紧贴于曳引带注塑包覆模。
所述承重芯线卷筒与芯线定位板之间设有前置芯线定位板， 承重芯线穿过前置芯线定位 板。 前置芯线定位板上导向孔的孔距除了要满足承重芯线从承重芯线卷筒顺利进入前置定位 板之外， 前置芯线定位板与芯线定位板的一样， 进一步减少芯线定位板的磨损； 即在相当长 的使用时间内， 保证承重芯线在橡塑包覆层内的位置处于理想状态。 该前置芯线定位板和芯 线定位板由硬质合金 （如碳化钨） 或陶瓷制成， 硬度应大于 HRC70° 。
所述曳引带注塑包覆模与成品曳引带卷筒之间的距离大于 10m。 该距离设定使成品曳引 带成卷与成品曳引带卷筒之间拉紧、 对准、 不偏斜， 同时降低由于对准偏差而造成的多股承 重芯线在橡塑包覆层中位置的偏差。
本发明设计合理， 结构简单， 磨损率低， 使用寿命长， 传动效果稳定， 牵引力作用效果 好， 制造方法可行， 适合作为电梯曳引带使用和制造， 及其同类产品的结构改进。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图， 图中 t为橡塑包覆层的带厚， w为橡塑包覆层的宽度。 图 2是现有圆弧面曳引带结构示意图。
图 3是图 1的部分放大结构示意图。
图 4是图 2的部分放大结构示意图。
图 5是本发明的制造设备结构示意图， 图中箭头为工艺流程方向。
图 6是图 5的改进型结构示意图， 图中箭头为工艺流程方向。
图 7是图 1的变形结构示意图。
图 8是图 7的变形结构示意图。
图 9是图 8的变形结构示意图。 以上附图序号及名称： 1、 橡塑包覆层， 2、 承重芯线， 3、 成品曳引带卷筒， 4、 曳引带 注塑包覆模， 5、芯线定位板， 6、承重芯线卷筒， 7、前置芯线定位板， 21、成品曳引带， 100、 单体。
具体实施方式
实施方式结合附图， 对本发明的结构和工作原理作进一步描述。 如 1所示， 该曳引带内 设有多股的承重芯线 2， 每股承重芯线由多股钢丝制成， 承重芯线的外径包覆橡塑包覆层 1。 橡塑包覆层的带厚 t与橡塑包覆层的带宽 w的比值小于 0. 2， 承重芯线的外径至三角形凸起 点的橡塑包覆层厚度大于承重芯线的外径至梯形凸台平面的橡塑包覆层厚度。 如图 3所示该 曳引带的单体 100， 单体内设有分别一股承重芯线， 单体的一侧面呈三角形凸起， 其对称的 另一侧面呈梯形凸台， 若干单体组成该曳引带； 单体三角形凸起的两侧边和单体梯形凸台的 两侧边均以单体三角形凸起的夹角至承重芯线的中心线对称设置， 单体与单体之间的橡塑包 覆层设有三角形凹槽。
根据上述图 1、 图 3中本发明的结构特征， 如 7所示， 其变形结构： 所述橡塑包覆层一 侧面单体与单体之间三角形凸起的相连三角形凹槽间隔设置， 另一侧面的单体与单体之间梯 形凸台的相连三角形凹槽间隔设置。 根据上述图 7的结构特征， 如图 8所示， 其变形结构： 所述橡塑包覆层两侧面的间隔三角形凹槽替换为三角形凸起。 根据上述图 8的结构特征， 如 图 9所示， 其变形结构： 所述橡塑包覆层两侧面间隔的三角形凸起间隔相连设置。 上述三种 变形结构亦可达到本发明相同的技术目的和技术效果， 同时， 根据本发明的结构特征， 本领 域技术人员作出上述四种结构显而易见的结构改进， 亦将落入本发明的保护范围。
而如图 2、 图 4所示现有一种圆弧面曳引带， 该圆弧面曳引带也是由若干单体组成， 单 体内设有分别一股承重芯线， 该圆弧面曳引带内设有多股的承重芯线， 每股承重芯线由多股 钢丝制成， 承重芯线的外径包覆橡塑包覆层， 该圆弧面曳引带的单体的两侧分别呈圆弧形， 橡塑包覆层的单体以承重芯线中心至圆弧面中心线对称设置。
如图 3所示， 以其中一单体受力情况分析如下， 下面啮合面是指曳引带与从动轮 （变向 轮） 或驱动轮的橡塑包覆层面：
Fg为本发明牵引重物的重力（假定所有牵引力集中于此单体的一侧，此假定可简化分析， 但不影响结论）； Fn为法向力， Ft为切向力， α为该曳引带与驱动轮啮合面同重力的交角， 由于 α为一恒定值， 所以牵引力 Fd和切向力 Ft分别为-
Fd= u X Fn= X Fg/cos a ( μ为摩擦系数）；
Ft=FgX tg a。
当该曳引带处于与啮合驱动轮的楔槽中时， 其左右的 Ft相等且对消； 当其偏向一边， 如 左边时， 则左边 Ft将大于右侧 Ft; 该曳引带将受往右位移的切向力， 保证了其处于正常的 啮合状态。 由图 3可知， 只需改变 α值， 即可改变牵引力和切向力； 因此， 根据摩擦系数和 牵引条件， 改变 α即可获得满意的运行状况。
如图 2、 图 3所示， 现有圆弧面曳引带的各种力定义与本发明相同， 但角度 α换成 θ， 由于现有圆弧面曳引带为圆弧面， 在圆弧面的不同点上， 其 Θ值是连续变化的； 因此， Fn和 Ft也是连续变化的。 若假定 1/2圆弧段的圆心角为 α， 在某一微段圆弧面， 则有：
dFd= XdFgXl/cos Θ Xd θ；
Fd= X radFgXl/cos θ Χάθ=μ XFgX (In tg (a /2+450 ) - In tg45° ) =μ XFg
Jo J0
X (in tg ( a /2+450 ))；
dFt-dFgXtg8 Xd Θ；
Ft= radFgXtg Θ Xd0 = - FgX (In cos a -In cosO) = - FgXln cosa。
Jo J0
若赋予 a—组不同的值， 在两种曳引带的啮合面上获得一组不同的 Fd和 Ft， 如下表:
Figure imgf000006_0001
由上表可见， 即使 a =60° 时， 圆弧面曳引带的圆弧面 Ft未达到 0.7Fg， 若为使牵引力 不过于集中， 以减轻圆弧面的压强， 采用一个承重芯线对应一个圆弧， 只有增加 a值， 从而 为使该圆弧面曳引带的带宽显著增大， 从而增加该圆弧面曳引带的制造成本， 更为不利的是 将增加驱动轮轴的挠度。 克服上述问题的办法只有增加轮轴的直径， 但这样又将降低圆弧面 曳引带驱动的优越性。 圆弧面曳引带若为圆弧啮合面时， 为降低圆弧面曳引带的带宽角度， 最好 a不超过 30° ， 而此时 Ft仅为 0.144Fg， 不足以提供足够的 Ft来消除圆弧面曳引带的 偏离。 而本发明在 a =45° 时， 即使不增加带宽， 此时提供的 Fd和 Ft也显著大于 a =60° 时 圆弧面曳引带的值， 即完全满足对驱动的牵引力和轴向限位的要求。
如图 5所示， 本发明的制造方法是： 多股钢丝制成的多股承重芯线的一端穿过固定的曳 引带注塑包覆模 4和芯线定位板 5， 曳引带注塑包覆模与芯线定位板连为一体， 承重芯线的 两端分别与成品曳引带卷筒 3、 承重芯线卷筒 6连接， 承重芯线处于拉紧状态， 曳引带注塑 包覆模与成品曳引带卷筒之间的距离大于 10m; 承重芯线通过曳引带注塑包覆模时包覆橡塑 包覆层， 制得成品曳引带 21， 成品曳引带收入成品曳引带卷筒。
为提高该曳引带制造的稳定性， 如图 6所示， 所述承重芯线卷筒与芯线定位板之间设有 前置芯线定位板 7， 承重芯线穿过前置芯线定位板， 以减轻包覆模上的定位板的磨损。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种电梯曳引带， 该曳引带由若干个单体 （100) 组成， 所述曳引带内设有多股的承 重芯线 （2)， 承重芯线由多股钢丝制成， 承重芯线的外径包覆有多边形的橡塑包覆层 （1 )， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 的单体 （100) 内设有分别一股承重芯线 （2)， 单体的一侧 面呈三角形凸起， 其对称的另一侧面呈梯形凸台； 单体三角形凸起的两侧边和单体梯形凸台 的两侧边均以单体三角形凸起的夹角至承重芯线的中心线对称设置， 单体与单体之间的橡塑 包覆层设有三角形凹槽。
2. 如权利要求 1所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述承重芯线 （2) 的外径至三角形凸起 点的橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 厚度大于承重芯线的外径至梯形凸台平面的橡塑包覆层厚度。
3. 如权利要求 1所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 的带厚与橡塑包覆 层的宽度的比值小于 0. 2。
4. 如权利要求 1所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 一侧面单体 （101 ) 与单体之间三角形凸起的相连三角形凹槽间隔设置， 另一侧面的单体与单体之间梯形凸台的 相连三角形凹槽间隔设置。
5. 如权利要求 4所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 两侧面的间隔三角 形凹槽替换为三角形凸起。
6. 如权利要求 5所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 两侧面间隔的三角 形凸起间隔相连设置。
7. 如权利要求 1、 4、 5或 6所述电梯曳引带， 其特征在于所述橡塑包覆层 （1 ) 的三角 形凸起夹角为 60〜120度。
8. 如权利要求 1所述电梯曳引带的制造方法， 其特征在于所述多股承重芯线 （2) 的一 端穿过固定的曳引带注塑包覆模（4)和芯线定位板（5)， 曳引带注塑包覆模与芯线定位板连 为一体， 承重芯线的两端分别与成品曳引带卷筒（3)、 承重芯线卷筒（6)连接， 承重芯线处 于拉紧状态； 承重芯线通过曳引带注塑包覆模时包覆橡塑包覆层， 制得成品曳引带（21 )， 成 品曳引带收入成品曳引带卷筒。
9. 如权利要求 7所述电梯曳引带的制造方法， 其特征在于所述承重芯线卷筒 （6) 与芯 线定位板 （5 ) 之间设有前置芯线定位板 （7), 承重芯线 （2) 穿过前置芯线定位板。
10. 如权利要求 7所述电梯曳引带的制造方法， 其特征在于所述曳引带注塑包覆模 （4) 与成品曳引带卷筒 （3) 之间的距离大于 10m。
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