WO2013013455A1 - Antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée et système de réception de télévision par satellite correspondant - Google Patents

Antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée et système de réception de télévision par satellite correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013455A1
WO2013013455A1 PCT/CN2011/082407 CN2011082407W WO2013013455A1 WO 2013013455 A1 WO2013013455 A1 WO 2013013455A1 CN 2011082407 W CN2011082407 W CN 2011082407W WO 2013013455 A1 WO2013013455 A1 WO 2013013455A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core layer
layer
satellite television
refractive index
feed
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PCT/CN2011/082407
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘若鹏
季春霖
岳玉涛
王今金
洪运南
Original Assignee
深圳光启高等理工研究院
深圳光启创新技术有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 201110210372 external-priority patent/CN102480027B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110210285.8A external-priority patent/CN102904035B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110242578.4A external-priority patent/CN102709701B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110242598.1A external-priority patent/CN103066393B/zh
Application filed by 深圳光启高等理工研究院, 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳光启高等理工研究院
Publication of WO2013013455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013455A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to an offset feed satellite television antenna and satellite television receiving system therefor.
  • the traditional satellite television receiving system is a satellite ground receiving station consisting of a parabolic antenna, a feed, a tuner, and a satellite receiver.
  • the parabolic antenna is responsible for reflecting satellite signals into the feed and tuner at the focus.
  • the feed is a horn that is used to collect satellite signals at the focus of the parabolic antenna, also known as a corrugated horn.
  • the high-frequency head LNB also known as the down-converter
  • the high-frequency head LNB is to down-convert and amplify the satellite signal sent from the feed to the satellite receiver.
  • C-band frequency LNB (3.7GHz-4.2GHz, 18-2 IV) and Ku-band frequency LNB (10.7GHz-12.75GHz, 12-14V LNB workflow is to first amplify satellite high-frequency signals to dozens After 10,000 times, the local oscillator circuit is used to convert the high-frequency signal to the intermediate frequency of 950MHz-2050MHz, which is beneficial to the transmission of the coaxial cable and the demodulation and operation of the satellite receiver.
  • the satellite receiver transmits the satellite signal transmitted by the tuner. Demodulation, demodulation of satellite television images or digital signals and audio signals.
  • the feed corresponding to the parabolic antenna is a horn antenna.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an offset feeding type satellite television antenna which is simple in processing and low in manufacturing cost, in view of the difficulty in processing and the high cost of the existing satellite television antenna.
  • an offset feeding satellite television antenna wherein the offset feeding satellite television antenna comprises a metamaterial panel disposed behind the feeding source, and the metamaterial panel
  • the core layer includes a reflective plate disposed on a side surface of the core layer, the core layer includes at least one core layer layer, and the core layer layer includes a sheet-shaped substrate and a plurality of artificial micro-systems disposed on the substrate
  • the structure or the pore structure is centered on a certain point, the refractive index at the same radius on the core layer is the same, and the refractive index gradually decreases as the radius increases, and the line connecting the center and the feed is perpendicular to the core layer.
  • the slice, and the center does not coincide with the center of the core layer.
  • the core layer layer further includes a filling layer covering the artificial microstructure.
  • the core layer includes a plurality of core layer sheets having the same refractive index distribution and parallel to each other.
  • the metamaterial panel further includes a matching layer disposed on the other side of the core layer to achieve index matching from the air to the core layer.
  • the refractive index of the core layer layer is circularly distributed with its center as a center, and the refractive index n distribution of the core layer layer satisfies the following formula:
  • n(r) represents the refractive index value at a radius r of the core layer
  • / is the distance from the feed to the matching layer close to it, or / is the distance from the feed to the core layer; d is the thickness of the core layer,
  • R represents the maximum radius
  • a x represents the maximum refractive index on the core layer
  • the matching layer comprises a plurality of matching layer layers, each matching layer layer has a single refractive index, and the refractive indices of the plurality of matching layer layers of the matching layer satisfy the following formula:
  • n(i) ((H )/2)
  • m is the total number of layers of the matching layer
  • i is the number of the matching layer, where the matching layer near the core layer is numbered m
  • each of the matching layer layers includes a first substrate and a second substrate of the same material, and the first substrate and the second substrate are filled with air.
  • the center of the circle is disposed on a lower edge of the core layer.
  • the lower edge is a straight line, and the center of the circle is disposed at a midpoint of the lower edge.
  • the lower edge is a curve, and the center of the circle is disposed at an apex of the lower edge.
  • the plurality of artificial microstructures of each core layer of the core layer have the same shape, and the plurality of artificial microstructures at the same radius have the same geometrical size, and the geometry of the artificial microstructure increases with the radius The size gradually decreases.
  • each of the core layer layers of the core layer has the same shape of a plurality of artificial holes, and the plurality of artificial hole structures are filled with a medium having a refractive index larger than a substrate, and a plurality of artificial pore structures at the same radius It has the same volume, and the volume of the artificial hole structure gradually decreases as the radius increases.
  • each of the core layer layers of the core layer has the same shape of a plurality of artificial holes, and the plurality of artificial hole structures are filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than that of the substrate, and a plurality of artificial pore structures at the same radius It has the same volume, and the volume of the artificial hole structure gradually increases as the radius increases.
  • a diverging element having an electromagnetic wave diverging function disposed behind the feeding source is disposed, and the metamaterial panel is disposed behind the diverging element.
  • the diverging element is a concave lens or a divergent metamaterial panel, and the diverging metamaterial panel comprises at least one diverging sheet layer, the refractive index of the diverging sheet layer is circularly distributed at a center thereof, and the refraction at the same radius The rate is the same, and the refractive index gradually decreases as the radius increases.
  • the conventional parabolic antenna is replaced by a sheet-shaped metamaterial panel, which is easier to manufacture and less expensive.
  • the invention also provides a satellite television receiving system, comprising a feed, a tuner and a satellite receiver, the satellite television receiving system further comprising the above-mentioned offset feeding satellite television antenna, the offset feeding satellite television antenna setting Behind the feed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an offset feed type satellite television antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • 2a-2b are schematic perspective views of a two-material supermaterial unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a refractive index distribution of a square core layer of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a core layer of another form of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a core layer of still another form of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a matching layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a refractive index distribution of a semicircular core layer layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a refractive index distribution of a circular core layer layer according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing a refractive index distribution of a divergent sheet layer in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a form of a diverging sheet in a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view of Figure 12 with the substrate removed;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a divergent metamaterial panel having a plurality of diverging sheets as shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of another form of the diverging sheet in the second embodiment of the present invention;
  • an offset feed satellite television antenna includes a metamaterial panel 100 disposed behind the feed source 1, the metamaterial panel 100 including a core layer 10 and a core disposed a reflecting plate 200 on one side of the layer, the core layer 10 comprising at least one core ply layer 11, the core ply layer comprising a sheet-like substrate 13 and a plurality of artificial microstructures disposed on the substrate 13. 12 (please refer to FIG. 2a), centered on a certain point, the core layer has the same refractive index at the same radius, and the refractive index gradually decreases as the radius increases, and the center of the circle is perpendicular to the feed line.
  • the feed is not on the central axis of the core layer, and the antenna bias is realized.
  • the feed 1 and the metamaterial panel 100 are supported by brackets, and the brackets are not shown. It is not the core of the present invention, and the conventional support method can be used. Further, the feed source is preferably a horn antenna.
  • the center of the core is disposed on the lower edge of the core layer 11, so that the influence of the so-called feed shadow is avoided, and the gain of the antenna can be improved under the premise of the antenna area, processing accuracy, and receiving frequency being the same. .
  • the core layer layer 11 can also be other shapes, such as the semicircle described in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 8 have one thing in common, that is, the lower edge is a straight line, and the center of the circle is the midpoint 01 of the lower edge of the line.
  • the core layer 11 can also be a circle as shown in FIG. 9; the circular shape shown in FIG. 9 can be seen as a circular arc (curve), that is, the lower edge B2 is a curve, and the center of the circle is On the vertex 02 of the lower edge B2 of the curve.
  • the shape of the core layer may have other shapes depending on the needs.
  • the reflecting plate is a metal reflecting plate having a smooth surface, and may be, for example, a polished copper plate, an aluminum plate or an iron plate or the like.
  • the core layer 10 includes a plurality of core layer layers 11 having the same refractive index distribution and parallel to each other.
  • the plurality of core layer sheets 11 are closely adhered to each other, and may be bonded to each other by double-sided tape or fixedly by bolts or the like.
  • the core layer layer 11 further includes a filling layer 15 covering the artificial microstructure 12, and the filling layer 15 may be air or other dielectric sheets, preferably a plate member made of the same material as the substrate 13.
  • Each core layer layer 11 can be divided into a plurality of identical metamaterial units D, each of which comprises an artificial microstructure 12, a unit substrate V and a unit filling layer W, each core layer 1 1 There is only one metamaterial unit D in the thickness direction.
  • Each metamaterial unit D can be an identical square, which can be a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the length, width and height of each metamaterial unit D are not more than one-fifth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave (usually incident electromagnetic waves). One tenth of the wavelength) such that the entire core layer has a continuous electric and/or magnetic field response to the electromagnetic waves.
  • the metamaterial unit D is a cube whose side length is one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the thickness of the filling layer can be adjusted, and the minimum value can be 0, that is, the filling layer is not required.
  • the substrate and the artificial microstructure constitute a metamaterial unit, that is, the super material unit D at this time
  • the thickness is equal to the thickness of the unit substrate V plus the thickness of the artificial microstructure, but at this time, the thickness of the metamaterial unit D also satisfies the requirement of one tenth of a wavelength, and therefore, actually, the thickness of the super material unit D is selected.
  • the thickness of the unit substrate V the smaller the thickness of the unit filling layer W, and of course, the optimum case, that is, the case shown in FIG. 2a, that is, the unit substrate V
  • the thickness is equal to the thickness of the unit filling layer W, and the material of the unit cell substrate V is the same as that of the filling layer W.
  • the artificial microstructure 12 of the present invention is preferably a metal microstructure consisting of one or more metal wires.
  • the wire itself has a certain width and thickness.
  • the metal microstructure of the present invention is preferably a metal microstructure having an isotropic electromagnetic parameter, and the planar snowflake metal microjunction as described in FIG.
  • isotropic for an artificial microstructure having a planar structure meaning Any electromagnetic wave incident on the two-dimensional plane at any angle, the electric field response and the magnetic field response of the artificial microstructure on the plane are the same, that is, the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability are the same; for the artificial micro-structure having a three-dimensional structure Structure, isotropic means that for each electromagnetic wave incident in any direction of three-dimensional space, the electric field response and the magnetic field response of each of the above-mentioned artificial microstructures in three-dimensional space are the same.
  • the artificial microstructure is a 90-degree rotationally symmetric structure, the artificial microstructure is characterized by isotropic.
  • 90 degree rotational symmetry means that it aligns with the original structure arbitrarily rotated 90 degrees around a plane perpendicular to the plane and passing its symmetry center on the plane; for a three-dimensional structure, if there are two or two vertical And the three rotation axes of the intersection point (the intersection point is the rotation center), so that the structure rotates 90 degrees around any rotation axis and overlaps with the original structure or is symmetrical with the original structure, the structure is 90 degree rotation symmetry. structure.
  • the planar snowflake-shaped metal microstructure shown in FIG. 2a is a form of an isotropic artificial microstructure having a first metal line 121 and a second metal line that are vertically bisected with each other. 122.
  • Two first metal branches 1211 of the same length are connected to the two ends of the first metal wire 121.
  • the two ends of the first metal wire 121 are connected at a midpoint of the two first metal branches 1211.
  • Two second metal branches 1221 of the same length are connected to both ends of the two metal wires 122, and two ends of the second metal wires 122 are connected at a midpoint of the two second metal branches 1221.
  • ⁇ the relative magnetic permeability
  • ⁇ the relative dielectric constant
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are collectively referred to as the electromagnetic parameters.
  • the refractive index distribution allows the electromagnetic waves emitted by the satellite to be concentrated on the feed after the first convergence, the reflection of the reflector, and the second convergence.
  • the electromagnetic parameter distribution inside the metamaterial can be obtained by designing the shape of the artificial microstructure, the geometric size and/or the arrangement of the artificial microstructure on the substrate, thereby The refractive index of each metamaterial unit is designed. Firstly, the spatial distribution of electromagnetic parameters inside the metamaterial (ie, the electromagnetic parameters of each metamaterial unit) is calculated from the effect required by the metamaterial, and the artificial microstructure on each metamaterial unit is selected according to the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic parameters.
  • Shape, geometric size (a variety of artificial microstructure data is stored in the computer in advance), the design of each metamaterial unit can be exhaustive, for example, first select an artificial microstructure with a specific shape, calculate the electromagnetic parameters, will The result is compared with the one we want, it is repeated many times, until we find the electromagnetic parameters we want, if it is found, the design parameters of the artificial microstructure are selected; if not found, the shape is changed. Artificial microstructure, repeat the above cycle until you find the electromagnetic parameters we want. If it is still not found, the above process will not stop. That is to say, only when the artificial microstructure of the electromagnetic parameters we need is found, the program will stop. Since this process is done by a computer, it seems complicated and can be completed very quickly.
  • the substrate of the core layer is made of a ceramic material, a polymer material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material or a ferromagnetic material.
  • Polymer materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, and FR-4 composite material can be used.
  • PTFE has excellent electrical insulation, so it does not interfere with the electric field of electromagnetic waves, and has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and long service life.
  • the metal microstructure is a metal wire such as a copper wire or a silver wire.
  • the above metal wires may be attached to the substrate by etching, plating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching.
  • a three-dimensional laser processing process can also be employed.
  • the metamaterial panel further includes a matching layer 20 disposed on the other side of the core layer to realize air from the air.
  • the index of refraction to the core layer 10 is matched.
  • the rate n ⁇ , where ⁇ is the relative permeability, ⁇ is the relative dielectric constant, and ⁇ and ⁇ are called electromagnetic parameters.
  • the refractive index of air is 1.
  • the matching layer is designed such that the refractive index of the side close to the air is substantially the same as that of the air, and the refractive index of the side close to the core layer and the refractive index of the core layer adjacent thereto are basically the same. In this way, the index matching from the air to the core layer is achieved, and the reflection is reduced, that is, the energy loss can be greatly reduced, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted farther.
  • the refractive index refractive index n (r) distribution of the core layer layer 11 satisfies the following formula:
  • n(r) represents the refractive index value at a radius r of the core layer; that is, the refractive index of the supermaterial element D having a radius r on the core layer; where the radius refers to each unit basis
  • I is the distance from the feed 1 to the matching layer 20 that is close to it;
  • R represents the maximum radius
  • the core layer 10 determined by the formula (1) and the formula (2) can ensure that the electromagnetic waves emitted by the satellite converge to the feed. This can be obtained by computer simulation or by optical principle (ie using Optical path equal calculation).
  • the thickness of the core layer layer 11 is constant, usually less than one fifth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave, preferably one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the thickness d of the core layer is already determined, and therefore, for different frequency offset feed satellite television antennas (wavelengths are different), by the formula ( 2)
  • the C band and the Ku band The C-band frequency range is from 3400MHz to 4200MHz Ku-band frequency 10.7 ⁇ 12.75GHz, which can be divided into 10.7 ⁇ 11.7GHz 11.7 ⁇ 12.2GHz 12.2 ⁇ 12.75GHz.
  • the matching layer 20 includes a plurality of matching layer layers 21 , each matching layer layer 21 has a single refractive index, and a plurality of matching layer layers of the matching layer
  • the refractive index satisfies the following formula:
  • n(i) ((H )/2) (4) ;
  • m denotes the total number of layers of the matching layer
  • i denotes the number of the matching layer
  • the matching layer 20 may be made of a plurality of materials having a single refractive index existing in nature, or may be a matching layer as shown in FIG. 5, which includes a plurality of matching layer layers 21, each matching layer layer 21
  • the first substrate 22 and the second substrate 23 having the same material are included, and the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are filled with air.
  • a change in the refractive index from 1 (the refractive index of air) to the refractive index of the first substrate can be achieved, so that the refraction of each matching layer can be rationally designed. Rate, achieving index matching from air to core layer.
  • FIG. 4 is a form of a core layer layer 11 in which a plurality of artificial microstructures 12 of each core layer layer 11 have the same shape, are planar snowflake-shaped metal microstructures, and metal microstructures Center
  • the dots coincide with the midpoint of the unit substrate V, and the plurality of artificial microstructures at the same radius have the same geometrical size, and the geometry of the artificial microstructure 12 gradually decreases as the radius increases. Since the refractive index of each metamaterial unit decreases as the size of the metal microstructure decreases, the larger the geometry of the artificial microstructure is, the larger the corresponding refractive index is. Therefore, it can be realized by this method.
  • the refractive index distribution of the core layer is distributed according to formula (1).
  • the core layer 10 may include different layers of the core layer layer 11 as shown in FIG. 4 according to different needs (different electromagnetic waves) and different design requirements.
  • the microstructure 12 disposed on the substrate 13 is replaced by a plurality of artificial hole structures 12', and the core layer 11 is distributed according to a refractive index. It may be divided into a circular area Y located at an intermediate position and a plurality of annular areas distributed around the circular area Y and co-centered with the circular area (represented by HI, H2, H3, H4, H5, respectively),
  • the circular region Y and the annular region have the same refractive index at the same radius, and the refractive index gradually decreases with increasing radius in the respective regions of the circular region and the annular region, and the refractive index of the circular region
  • the minimum value of the refractive index is smaller than the maximum value of the refractive index of the annular region adjacent thereto, and the minimum value of the refractive index of the annular region in the inner side is smaller than the maximum value of the refractive index of the annular region in the outer side.
  • the manhole structure 12' can be formed on the substrate by high temperature sintering, injection molding, stamping or numerically punching.
  • the formation method of the artificial pore structure 12' may be different.
  • a ceramic material is selected as the substrate, it is preferable to form the pore structure 12 on the substrate by using a high-temperature sintering form.
  • a polymer material is used as the substrate, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin, it is preferred to form an artificial pore structure 12' on the substrate by injection molding or stamping.
  • the artificial hole structure 12' may be one or a combination of a cylindrical hole, a tapered hole, a circular hole, a trapezoidal hole or a square hole. Of course, other forms of holes can also be used.
  • the shape of the artificial hole structure 12' on each metamaterial unit D may be the same or different depending on the needs. Of course, in order to make the manufacturing process easier, the entire metamaterial, preferably, the same shape of the hole.
  • the core layer 10 includes a plurality of core layer layers 11 having the same refractive index distribution and parallel to each other.
  • the plurality of core layer sheets 11 are closely attached, They can be bonded to each other by double-sided tape or by bolts or the like.
  • the substrate 13 of each core layer 11 may be divided into a plurality of identical substrate units V, each of which is provided with an artificial hole structure 12', and each substrate unit V and its corresponding artificial hole structure 12' constitutes a metamaterial unit D, and each core layer sheet 11 has only one metamaterial unit 0 in the thickness direction.
  • Each substrate unit D may be an identical square, which may be a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the length, width and volume of each substrate unit V are not more than one-fifth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave (usually the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave). One tenth of a) so that the entire core layer has a continuous electric and/or magnetic field response to electromagnetic waves.
  • the base unit V is a cube whose side length is one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the electromagnetic parameters inside the metamaterial can be obtained by designing the shape, volume and/or arrangement of the artificial hole structure 12' on the substrate. Distribution, thereby designing the refractive index of each metamaterial unit. Firstly, the spatial distribution of electromagnetic parameters inside the metamaterial (ie, the electromagnetic parameters of each metamaterial unit) is calculated from the effect required by the metamaterial, and the artificial pore structure on each metamaterial unit is selected according to the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic parameters.
  • the design of each metamaterial unit can be exhaustive, for example, first select a man-made hole structure with a specific shape, calculate the electromagnetic parameters, Compare the results with the one we want, cycle many times, until we find the electromagnetic parameters we want, if found, complete the design parameter selection of the artificial hole structure 12'; if not found, change one
  • the shape of the artificial hole structure 12' repeat the above cycle, until we find the electromagnetic parameters we want. If it is still not found, the above process will not stop. That is to say, only the artificial hole structure 12' that finds the electromagnetic parameters we need will stop the program. Due to this process It's all done by a computer, so it seems complicated, but it will be done very quickly.
  • a core layer 10 of still another form of the first embodiment of the present invention wherein the plurality of artificial hole structures 12 of each core layer layer 11 of the core layer have the same shape, the plurality of artificial holes
  • the structure 12' is filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than that of the substrate 13, and the plurality of artificial hole structures 12' at the same radius in the circular region and the annular region have the same volume, and are respectively in the circular region and the annular region.
  • the volume of the artificial hole structure 12' gradually increases as the radius increases, and the volume of the largest volume of the artificial hole structure 12' in the circular area is larger than the smallest volume of the artificial hole structure in the adjacent annular area.
  • the volume of 'the adjacent two annular regions, the largest volume of the artificial hole structure 12' in the inner annular region is larger than the smallest volume of the artificial hole structure 12' in the outer annular region. Since the artificial hole structure 12' is filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than that of the substrate, the larger the volume of the artificial hole structure 12' is, the more the medium is filled, and the corresponding refractive index is smaller, so that it is also possible by this method.
  • the distribution of the refractive index distribution of the core layer is calculated according to formula (1).
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are identical in appearance, and the refractive index distribution is also the same, except that the manner in which the refractive index distribution is realized is different (filling medium is different), and the core layer 10 in FIGS. 5 and 6 is four layers.
  • the structure, which is only schematic, can have different layers depending on different needs (different incident electromagnetic waves) and different design requirements.
  • each of the artificial hole structures 12' may be divided into a plurality of unit holes of the same volume, and the number of unit holes per substrate unit V is controlled by the number of unit holes.
  • the volume of the manhole structure 12' on a metamaterial unit D can also achieve the same purpose.
  • the core layer layer 11 may be in the form of gp, all of the manhole structures of the same core layer are of the same volume, but the refractive index of the filled medium corresponds to the formula (1).
  • Z in the refractive index n distribution formula of the core layer sheet 11 represents the distance from the feed to the core layer (in the first embodiment, Z represents the feed to the matching layer adjacent thereto) distance).
  • the substrate of the core layer is made of a ceramic material, a polymer material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material, a ferromagnetic material, or the like. Polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material, etc. can be selected for the polymer material.
  • PTFE has very good electrical insulation and therefore does not affect electromagnetic waves. The electric field produces interference and has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance and long service life.
  • an offset feed type satellite television antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention is further provided with a diverging element 200 having an electromagnetic wave diverging function behind the feed source 1 based on the structure of the first embodiment. Located in front of the metamaterial panel 100.
  • the diverging element 200 may be a concave lens or a diverging metamaterial panel 300 as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 16, the diverging metamaterial panel 300 including at least one diverging sheet layer 301, and the refractive index of the diverging sheet layer 301 is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the refractive index of the diverging sheet layer 301 is circularly distributed with its center 03 as a center, and the refractive index at the same radius is the same, and the refractive index gradually decreases as the radius increases.
  • a diverging element having an electromagnetic wave diverging function provided between the metamaterial panel and the feed has the following effects: SP, in a case where the range of the electromagnetic wave received by the feed is constant (that is, the range of the received electromagnetic wave of the super material panel is constant) ), the distance between the feed and the metamaterial panel is reduced compared to the absence of the diverging element, so that the volume of the antenna can be greatly reduced.
  • the refractive index minimum that is, the refractive index at the center 03 of the diverging sheet layer 301.
  • the diverging sheet layer 400 includes a sheet-like substrate 401 attached to a substrate 401.
  • the upper metal microstructure 402 and the support layer 403 covering the metal microstructure 402, the diverging sheet layer 400 can be divided into a plurality of identical first divergent units 404, each of the first divergent units including a metal microstructure 402 and its occupation
  • the substrate unit 405 and the support layer unit 406, each diverging sheet layer 400 has only one first diverging unit 404 in the thickness direction, and each of the first diverging units 404 may be exactly the same square, which may be a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • each first diverging unit 404 are not more than one-fifth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave (usually one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave), so that the entire diverging layer has a continuous electric field to the electromagnetic wave. And / or magnetic field response.
  • the first divergence unit 404 A cube whose side length is one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the first divergence unit 404 of the present invention has the same structural form as the metamaterial unit D shown in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 15 is a front elevational view of Figure 14 with the substrate removed.
  • the spatial arrangement of the plurality of metal microstructures 402 can be clearly seen from Figure 15, centered on the center 03 of the diverging layer 400 (here 03 is At the midpoint of the most intermediate metal microstructure, the metal microstructures 402 on the same radius have the same geometry, and the geometry of the metal microstructures 402 gradually decreases as the radius increases.
  • the radius here refers to the distance from the center of each metal microstructure 402 to the center 03 of the divergent sheet 400.
  • the base material 401 of the diverging sheet layer 400 is made of a ceramic material, a polymer material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material, a ferromagnetic material, or the like.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material, etc. can be selected for the polymer material.
  • PTFE has excellent electrical insulation, so it does not interfere with the electric field of electromagnetic waves, and has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and long service life.
  • the metal microstructure 402 is a metal wire such as a copper wire or a silver wire.
  • the above metal wires may be attached to the substrate by etching, plating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching. Of course, a three-dimensional laser processing process can also be employed.
  • the metal microstructure 402 may have a planar snowflake metal microstructure as shown in FIG. Of course, it is also a derivative structure of a planar snowflake-shaped metal microstructure. It can also be a metal line such as "work" and "ten".
  • Figure 14 shows a divergent metamaterial panel 300 formed using a plurality of diverging sheets 400 as shown in Figure 12.
  • the diverging metamaterial panel 300 may be composed of other layers of diverging sheets 400.
  • the plurality of diverging sheet layers 400 are closely adhered to each other, and may be bonded to each other by a double-sided tape or fixedly by bolts or the like.
  • a matching layer as shown in Fig. 9 is further provided to achieve matching of the refractive index, reduce reflection of electromagnetic waves, and enhance signal reception.
  • each diverging sheet layer 500 is another form of a diverging sheet layer 500 that achieves the refractive index profile shown in FIG. 11, the diverging sheet layer 500 including a sheet-like substrate 501 and a manhole structure 502 disposed on the substrate 501, diverging
  • the slice 500 can be divided into a plurality of identical second divergence units 504, each second divergence unit 504 including one person
  • each diverging sheet layer 500 has only one second diverging unit 504 in the thickness direction
  • each second diverging unit 504 may be an identical square, which may be a cube. It may also be a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • each second diverging unit 504 are not more than one-fifth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave (usually one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave), so that the entire divergent layer has electromagnetic waves. Continuous electric and/or magnetic field response.
  • the second diverging unit 504 is a cube whose side length is one tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the artificial hole structure on the divergent sheet layer 500 is a cylindrical hole, centered on the center 03 of the divergent sheet layer 500 (here, 03 is on the central axis of the most intermediate artificial hole structure), the same
  • the manhole structure 502 on the radius has the same volume, and the volume of the manhole structure 402 gradually decreases as the radius increases.
  • the radius herein refers to the vertical distance from the central axis of each manhole structure 502 to the central axis of the most intermediate manhole structure of the diverging sheet 500. Therefore, when each cylindrical hole is filled with a dielectric material having a refractive index smaller than that of the substrate (e.g., air), the refractive index distribution shown in Fig. 11 can be realized.
  • the artificial hole structure 502 on the same radius has the same volume, and as the radius of the artificial hole structure 402 increases gradually, it needs to be in each cylindrical hole.
  • the refractive index distribution shown in Fig. 11 can be achieved by filling a dielectric material having a refractive index larger than that of the substrate.
  • each of the artificial hole structures may be divided into a plurality of unit holes of the same volume, and each second diverging unit is controlled by the number of unit holes on each of the substrate units.
  • the volume of the artificial pore structure on the top can also achieve the same purpose.
  • the diverging sheet layer may also be in the form of gp, all the artificial pore structures of the same divergent sheet layer have the same volume, but the refractive index of the filled medium satisfies the distribution shown in FIG. 11 , that is, the medium filled on the same radius.
  • the refractive index of the material is the same, and the refractive index of the dielectric material filled with the increase of the radius gradually decreases.
  • the base material 501 of the diverging sheet layer 500 is made of a ceramic material, a polymer material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material, a ferromagnetic material, or the like.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material, etc. can be selected for the polymer material.
  • PTFE has excellent electrical insulation, so it does not interfere with the electric field of electromagnetic waves, and has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and long service life.
  • the manhole structure 502 can be formed on the substrate by high temperature sintering, injection molding, stamping or numerically punching. Of course, for the substrate of different materials, the formation method of the artificial pore structure may also be different.
  • a ceramic material when selected as the substrate, it is preferable to form an artificial pore structure on the substrate by using a high-temperature sintering form.
  • a polymer material such as polytetrafluoroethylene or epoxy resin, it is preferred to form an artificial pore structure on the substrate by injection molding or stamping.
  • the above-mentioned artificial hole structure 502 may be one or a combination of a cylindrical hole, a tapered hole, a circular hole, a trapezoidal hole or a square hole. Of course, other forms of holes can also be used.
  • the shape of the artificial hole structure on each of the second divergent units may be the same or different depending on different needs. Of course, in order to make the manufacturing process easier, the entire metamaterial, preferably, the same shape of the hole.
  • Figure 16 shows a divergent metamaterial panel 300 formed using a plurality of diverging sheets 500 as shown in Figure 15.
  • the diverging metamaterial panel 300 may be composed of other layers of the diverging sheet 500.
  • the plurality of diverging sheet layers 500 are closely adhered to each other, and may be bonded to each other by a double-sided tape or fixedly by bolts or the like.
  • a matching layer as shown in Fig. 7 is further provided to achieve matching of the refractive index, reduce reflection of electromagnetic waves, and enhance signal reception.
  • the present invention further provides a satellite television receiving system, including a feed, a tuner, and a satellite receiver, the satellite television receiving system further comprising the above-mentioned offset feeding satellite television antenna, the partial The feed satellite TV antenna is placed behind the feed.
  • Feeds, tuner and satellite receivers are all existing technologies and will not be described here.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée. L'antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée selon l'invention comprend un panneau fait en un métamatériau, qui est placé derrière une source d'alimentation. Le panneau en métamatériau comprend une couche centrale principale et un panneau réfléchissant placé sur un côté latéral de la couche centrale principale. La couche centrale principale comprend au moins une couche centrale principale lamellaire. La couche centrale principale lamellaire comprend un substrat ayant la forme d'une feuille et une pluralité de microstructures artificielles placée sur le substrat. A un même rayon, et par rapport à un point fixe considéré comme le centre, des indices de réfraction sur la couche centrale principale lamellaire sont identiques et ils diminuent progressivement à mesure que le rayon augmente. Une connexion entre le centre et la source d'alimentation est perpendiculaire à la couche centrale principale lamellaire, tandis que le centre ne recouvre pas le centre de la couche centrale principale lamellaire. Dans l'antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée, qui est décrite dans la présente invention, une antenne parabolique classique est remplacée par le panneau en métamatériau ayant la forme d'une feuille. La fabrication et le traitement de ladite antenne se trouvent ainsi simplifiés et son coût est également réduit. La présente invention se rapporte d'autre part à un système de réception de télévision par satellite correspondant, comprenant l'antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée.
PCT/CN2011/082407 2011-07-26 2011-11-18 Antenne de télévision par satellite alimentée par une source décalée et système de réception de télévision par satellite correspondant WO2013013455A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110210285.8 2011-07-26
CN201110210372.3 2011-07-26
CN 201110210372 CN102480027B (zh) 2011-07-26 2011-07-26 一种偏馈式卫星电视天线及其卫星电视接收系统
CN201110210285.8A CN102904035B (zh) 2011-07-26 2011-07-26 一种偏馈式卫星电视天线及其卫星电视接收系统
CN201110242578.4A CN102709701B (zh) 2011-08-23 2011-08-23 一种偏馈式卫星电视天线及其卫星电视接收系统
CN201110242598.1 2011-08-23
CN201110242578.4 2011-08-23
CN201110242598.1A CN103066393B (zh) 2011-08-23 2011-08-23 一种偏馈式卫星电视天线及其卫星电视接收系统

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2150630Y (zh) * 1993-03-15 1993-12-22 易正鸿 多波束、偏馈、三维、多极化卫星电视接收天线
US20020005813A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-01-17 Comisky William J. Shaped reflector antenna assembly
CN201397881Y (zh) * 2009-05-21 2010-02-03 北京航天光华电子技术有限公司 便携式卫星天线
CN102104201A (zh) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 上海市民办尚德实验学校 一种平板式卫星天线

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2150630Y (zh) * 1993-03-15 1993-12-22 易正鸿 多波束、偏馈、三维、多极化卫星电视接收天线
US20020005813A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-01-17 Comisky William J. Shaped reflector antenna assembly
CN201397881Y (zh) * 2009-05-21 2010-02-03 北京航天光华电子技术有限公司 便携式卫星天线
CN102104201A (zh) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 上海市民办尚德实验学校 一种平板式卫星天线

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