WO2013007908A1 - Textile ply capable of absorbing sound waves - Google Patents

Textile ply capable of absorbing sound waves Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013007908A1
WO2013007908A1 PCT/FR2012/051358 FR2012051358W WO2013007908A1 WO 2013007908 A1 WO2013007908 A1 WO 2013007908A1 FR 2012051358 W FR2012051358 W FR 2012051358W WO 2013007908 A1 WO2013007908 A1 WO 2013007908A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
textile web
son
openings
warp
weft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2012/051358
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Farid Sahnoune
Original Assignee
Serge Ferrari Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Serge Ferrari Sas filed Critical Serge Ferrari Sas
Priority to US14/124,906 priority Critical patent/US20140110187A1/en
Priority to JP2014517881A priority patent/JP2014518338A/en
Priority to EP12731579.4A priority patent/EP2729609A1/en
Publication of WO2013007908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013007908A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
    • D03D1/0064—Noise dampening
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D9/00—Open-work fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of absorption of sound waves by means of textile sheets suspended or stretched with a space arranged at the rear, at least a few millimeters and no upper limit.
  • the invention relates more particularly to such openwork textile webs formed by the weaving of sheathed son, and having openings adapted to trap sound waves.
  • such textile plies have openings, so as to allow the passage of the sound wave through the stretched textile web.
  • openings may be adapted to absorb sound waves having an incidence normal to the plane of the textile web but be effective for sound waves having a low angle of incidence or grazing.
  • the fabrics of the prior art are characterized by their opening factor. This parameter is useful but not sufficient to optimize the absorption performance of a tissue.
  • the propagation of sound in a volume is diffuse and therefore by definition consists of waves having very different angles of incidence on the textile web.
  • sound waves of normal incidence that is to say with an angle of incidence close to 90 ° with respect to the plane of the tissue, can pass through the conventional through-openings of the tissues defined solely by their factor d. 'opening.
  • these holes are not accessible to sound waves of varied orientation and angle of incidence.
  • the object of the invention is to generate orifices in which the sound waves of varied orientation and low angle of incidence can penetrate and are no longer reflected by the textile web.
  • the invention thus relates to a textile ply formed by weaving yarns wrapped with a thermoplastic substance, these sheathed yarns or groups of sheathed yarns being spaced apart from each other in warp and weft so as to form so-called "crossing" openings arranged at the intersections between warp son and weft son.
  • Such a textile web is intended to allow absorption of sound waves.
  • such a textile sheet is characterized in that it comprises in warp and / or weft a plurality of groups of at least two sheathed yarns juxtaposed and having the same weaving orientation, these son of a same group being locally spaced from each other and forming a plurality of so-called "parallel" openings each having a shape and an angular orientation different from those of the so-called “crossover” openings.
  • Such "3-dimensional" porosity can not be characterized by a simple aperture factor measured under a microscope and seen in a plane.
  • the factor aperture seen under the microscope with normal incidence can not take into account apertures with grazing incidence angles.
  • the textile web may comprise in warp and / or weft a number of threads per centimeter between 8 and 24, and more particularly between 12 and 20.
  • the son may comprise a core formed by strands made of a material selected from the group comprising polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, acrylic, vinyl, and glass.
  • Such materials are very strong and thus facilitate the weaving of the textile web, but also to ensure optimum mechanical strength of the textile web and resist tearing. These materials also make it possible to produce textile sheets of large dimensions adapted in particular for covering a ceiling, a wall by means of frames and a peripheral tensioning system such as bungees or cables. They can also be used as acoustic baffles suspended from the ceiling.
  • the title of the core of the son can be between 250 and 1100 dtex.
  • thermoplastic substance of the sheaths can be made of a material chosen from the group comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), silicones, acrylic, and polyurethane.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • silicones acrylic, and polyurethane.
  • thermoplastic material of the sheaths can be formed in an open cell foam material.
  • the textile web may comprise, on at least one of its faces, a layer of added material participating in the absorption of sound waves.
  • This layer of material can therefore be reported according to various processes such as flocking or lamination in particular.
  • This layer of added material may be in the form of a nonwoven textile web such as felt, open cell foam or bristles.
  • Such a textile alone can achieve an absorption coefficient alpha w of at least 0.6 with an air gap of 10 cm at the back and up to 0.90 with layers of material reported .
  • Figures 1 and 2 show in front view, respectively a textile web according to the prior art and a textile web according to the invention
  • Figures 3 and 4 represent, respectively, cross-sectional views of a textile web according to the prior art and a textile web according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a variant of sheathed yarns for producing a textile sheet according to the invention.
  • Figures 6 and 7 respectively represent cross sections in two variants of a textile web, according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a textile web adapted to absorb sound waves and formed by the weaving son wrapped with a thermoplastic substance.
  • such a textile sheet 1 As shown in FIG. 1, and in accordance with the prior art, it is known to produce such a textile sheet 1 by weaving warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 4. As shown, such a textile sheet 1 has openings 6,7 outlets arranged at crosses between the warp son and weft son.
  • a textile ply 10 has, for its part, warp yarns 12, 13, 22, 23 woven with weft yarns 14, 15 and openings 16, 17 arranged at the crossing between the weft son and the warp son.
  • Such openings 16, 17 are therefore referred to as "crossing" openings.
  • such a textile web 10 also includes so-called "parallel" openings 18 and 19, arranged between two parallel and juxtaposed warp threads and having the same weaving orientation.
  • the warp threads 12, 13 juxtaposed are kept apart from each other during the weaving operation of the textile ply 10.
  • Such openings 18 and 19 thus have a geometry and an angular disposition that is different from the so-called "crossover" openings 16,17.
  • the openings 18, 19 may be oriented substantially laterally to enable grazing sound waves to be sensed, that is to say of low incidence relative to the surface of the textile web.
  • the interstices between sheathed wires may be oriented substantially laterally to enable grazing sound waves to be sensed, that is to say of low incidence relative to the surface of the textile web.
  • the warp yarns are arranged in groups of two juxtaposed yarns 12, 13 and 22, 23.
  • the warp and weft threads cross to form, on the one hand, so-called “crossing" openings 17 so as to favor the sound absorption of waves with an angle of incidence relative to the surface of the textile sheet close to normal.
  • the warp and weft son are spaced locally from each other to form so-called "parallel" openings between two son of the same orientation.
  • the large embossing of the warp threads makes it possible to orient the so-called "parallel" openings 18, 19 so as to make them accessible to the waves having a low angle of incidence. relative to the surface of the textile web.
  • the combination of the two effects makes it possible to absorb the sound waves having various orientations and incidences with respect to the surface of the textile web.
  • the textile web according to the invention makes it possible to absorb sound waves having various orientations and incidences both in the plane of FIG. 4 and in a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 4 by means of said openings. "crossing" 16, 17 and “parallel” openings 18, 19.
  • the warp son 12, 13, 22, 23 may comprise a core 25 formed by strands 26 made of polyester.
  • the core 25 is then covered with a thermoplastic sheath 27 made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the textile ply 30 may comprise warp yarns 32, 33 comprising a sheath 37 formed of an open-cell foam material. Such an embodiment then makes it possible to confer on the textile ply 30 an optimal absorption of sound waves.
  • the textile web 40 may also include a layer of material 41 reported by projection. This layer of material 41 is in the form of bristles 44 secured to the upper ridges 43 of the warp and weft son of the textile web. The fastening is in fact carried out by means of glue pads 42 regularly distributed at the level of the upper ridges 43 of the threads by a method of projecting the bristles in the glue pads 42.
  • the bristles 44 may in particular have a diameter of 20 ⁇ and a length of 200 ⁇ . Such a layer of material 41 thus makes it possible to improve the absorption of sound waves.
  • the textile ply 50 comprises a layer of material 51 which is attached by adhesive bonding by means of glue pads 52 regularly arranged at the ridges 53 of the warp and weft threads of the ply. textile 50.
  • a layer of material 51 may in particular be a non-woven such felt, or an open-cell foam sheet.
  • the textile web according to the invention has many advantages, and in particular:

Abstract

Textile ply (10) formed by weaving yarns sheathed in a thermoplastic substance, said sheathed yarns being spaced apart from one another in both the warp and weft direction so as to form openings referred to as "intersection" openings (16, 17) arranged at the intersections between the warp yarns (12, 13, 22, 23) and weft yarns (14, 15), said textile ply (10) being intended to enable an absorption of sound waves, characterized in that it comprises in the warp direction and/or in the weft direction a plurality of groups of at least two sheathed yarns that are juxtaposed and that have the same weaving orientation, said yarns of one and the same group being locally spaced apart from one another and forming a plurality of openings referred to as "parallel" openings (18, 19) each comprising a shape and an angular orientation that are different from those of the openings referred to as "intersection" openings (16, 17).

Description

NAPPE TEXTILE APTE A ABSORBER DES ONDES SONORES.  TEXTILE TABLETS ABSORBING SOUND WAVES.
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE  TECHNICAL AREA
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'absorption d'ondes sonores au moyen de nappes textiles suspendues ou tendues avec un espace aménagé à l'arrière, d'au moins quelques millimètres et sans limite supérieure.  The present invention relates to the field of absorption of sound waves by means of textile sheets suspended or stretched with a space arranged at the rear, at least a few millimeters and no upper limit.
L'invention vise plus particulièrement de telles nappes textiles ajourées formées par le tissage de fils gainés, et présentant des ouvertures adaptées pour piéger des ondes sonores. The invention relates more particularly to such openwork textile webs formed by the weaving of sheathed son, and having openings adapted to trap sound waves.
ART ANTERIEUR PRIOR ART
De façon générale, de telles nappes textiles présentent des ouvertures, de façon à permettre le passage de l'onde sonore au travers de la nappe textile tendue.  In general, such textile plies have openings, so as to allow the passage of the sound wave through the stretched textile web.
En effet, et tel que décrit dans le document FR-2 875 821, il est connu d'utiliser des fils de verre enduits d'un matériau thermoplastique pour former un tissu ajouré présentant un facteur d'ouverture compris entre 0,5 et 6 %. Cependant, un tel type de tissu absorbant acoustique est défini par son facteur d'ouverture. Ainsi, les ouvertures sont donc vues comme des ouvertures traversantes sans considération de leur orientation spatiale et dont le taux d'ouverture peut être apprécié au microscope. Par ailleurs, il est également connu de réaliser un tissu avec un taux d'ouverture prédéterminé par calandrage d'un tissu de facteur d'ouverture plus élevé. Un tel calandrage a pour effet d'aplanir le tissu et par conséquent de réduire l'orientation spatiale de chaque ouverture. Indeed, and as described in document FR-2 875 821, it is known to use glass son coated with a thermoplastic material to form a perforated fabric having an opening factor of between 0.5 and 6. %. However, such a type of acoustic absorbent fabric is defined by its opening factor. Thus, the openings are thus seen as through openings regardless of their spatial orientation and whose opening rate can be appreciated under the microscope. Furthermore, it is also known to make a fabric with a predetermined aperture ratio by calendering a higher aperture factor fabric. Such calendering has the effect of smoothing the fabric and therefore reduce the spatial orientation of each opening.
Ainsi, de telles ouvertures peuvent être adaptées pour absorber des ondes sonores présentant une incidence normale au plan de la nappe textile mais se révéler peu efficaces pour des ondes sonores présentant un angle d'incidence faible ou rasant. Thus, such openings may be adapted to absorb sound waves having an incidence normal to the plane of the textile web but be effective for sound waves having a low angle of incidence or grazing.
De plus, les tissus de l'art antérieur sont caractérisés par leur facteur d'ouverture. Ce paramètre est utile mais pas suffisant pour optimiser la performance d'absorption d'un tissu. En effet, la propagation du son dans un volume est diffuse et donc par définition constituée d'ondes ayant des angles d'incidence très variés sur la nappe textile. Ainsi, les ondes sonores d'incidence normale, c'est-à-dire avec un angle d'incidence proche de 90° par rapport au plan du tissu, peuvent passer au travers des ouvertures classiques traversantes des tissus définis uniquement par leur facteur d'ouverture. En revanche, ces trous ne sont pas accessibles aux ondes sonores d'orientation et d'angle d'incidence variés. In addition, the fabrics of the prior art are characterized by their opening factor. This parameter is useful but not sufficient to optimize the absorption performance of a tissue. Indeed, the propagation of sound in a volume is diffuse and therefore by definition consists of waves having very different angles of incidence on the textile web. Thus, sound waves of normal incidence, that is to say with an angle of incidence close to 90 ° with respect to the plane of the tissue, can pass through the conventional through-openings of the tissues defined solely by their factor d. 'opening. On the other hand, these holes are not accessible to sound waves of varied orientation and angle of incidence.
Ainsi, le but de l'invention est de générer des orifices dans lesquels les ondes sonores d'orientation variées et d'angle d'incidence faible peuvent pénétrer et ne sont plus réfléchies par la nappe textile. Thus, the object of the invention is to generate orifices in which the sound waves of varied orientation and low angle of incidence can penetrate and are no longer reflected by the textile web.
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION L'invention concerne donc une nappe textile formée par le tissage de fils gainés d'une substance thermoplastique, ces fils gainés ou groupes de fils gainés étant espacés les uns des autres en chaîne et en trame de façon à former des ouvertures dites "de croisement" agencées au niveau des croisements entre des fils de chaîne et des fils de trame. Une telle nappe textile est destinée à permettre une absorption d'ondes sonores. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention thus relates to a textile ply formed by weaving yarns wrapped with a thermoplastic substance, these sheathed yarns or groups of sheathed yarns being spaced apart from each other in warp and weft so as to form so-called "crossing" openings arranged at the intersections between warp son and weft son. Such a textile web is intended to allow absorption of sound waves.
Selon l'invention, une telle nappe textile se caractérise en ce qu'elle comporte en chaîne et/ou en trame une pluralité de groupes d'au moins deux fils gainés juxtaposés et présentant une même orientation de tissage, ces fils d'un même groupe étant localement espacés l'un de l'autre et formant une pluralité d'ouvertures dites "parallèles" comportant chacune une forme et une orientation angulaire différentes de celles des ouvertures dites "de croisement". According to the invention, such a textile sheet is characterized in that it comprises in warp and / or weft a plurality of groups of at least two sheathed yarns juxtaposed and having the same weaving orientation, these son of a same group being locally spaced from each other and forming a plurality of so-called "parallel" openings each having a shape and an angular orientation different from those of the so-called "crossover" openings.
Les ouvertures, dites "de croisement" associées aux ouvertures dites "parallèles" permettent de réaliser une porosité dite " en 3 dimensions ". Ces orifices d'orientation spatiale variée permettent l'absorption efficace des ondes diffuses. The openings, called "crossover" associated with the so-called "parallel" openings allow to achieve a so-called "3-dimensional" porosity. These orifices of varied spatial orientation allow the effective absorption of diffuse waves.
Une telle porosité " en 3 dimensions " ne peut être caractérisée par un simple facteur d'ouverture mesuré au microscope et vu dans un plan. Notamment parce que le facteur d'ouverture vu au microscope avec une incidence normale ne peut pas prendre en compte les ouvertures ayant des angles d'incidence rasante. Pour caractériser cette porosité 3D, et prendre en compte toutes les ouvertures et notamment les ouvertures dites "parallèles", on peut réaliser des mesures de perméabilité à l'air de la nappe textile. L'onde sonore étant une onde de pression d'air, la perméabilité à l'air rend mieux compte de l'accessibilité aux ondes sonores dans les 3 dimensions de l'espace. Such "3-dimensional" porosity can not be characterized by a simple aperture factor measured under a microscope and seen in a plane. In particular because the factor aperture seen under the microscope with normal incidence can not take into account apertures with grazing incidence angles. To characterize this 3D porosity, and take into account all the openings and in particular the so-called "parallel" openings, it is possible to carry out air permeability measurements of the textile web. Since the sound wave is an air pressure wave, the air permeability better reflects the accessibility to sound waves in the 3 dimensions of space.
Avantageusement, la nappe textile peut comporter en chaîne et/ou en trame un nombre de fils par centimètre compris entre 8 et 24, et plus particulièrement compris entre 12 et 20. Advantageously, the textile web may comprise in warp and / or weft a number of threads per centimeter between 8 and 24, and more particularly between 12 and 20.
En pratique, les fils peuvent comporter une âme formée par des brins réalisés dans un matériau choisi parmi le groupe comportant le polyester, polyamide, polyoléfme, acrylique, vinylique, et verre. In practice, the son may comprise a core formed by strands made of a material selected from the group comprising polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, acrylic, vinyl, and glass.
De tels matériaux sont très résistants et permettent ainsi de faciliter le tissage de la nappe textile, mais également de garantir une tenue mécanique optimale de la nappe textile et de résister au déchirement. Ces matériaux permettent également de réaliser des nappes textiles de grandes dimensions adaptées notamment pour recouvrir un plafond, un mur au moyen de cadres et d'un système de mise en tension en périphérie tels que des sandows ou des câbles. Ils peuvent également être employés en tant que baffles acoustique suspendues au plafond. Such materials are very strong and thus facilitate the weaving of the textile web, but also to ensure optimum mechanical strength of the textile web and resist tearing. These materials also make it possible to produce textile sheets of large dimensions adapted in particular for covering a ceiling, a wall by means of frames and a peripheral tensioning system such as bungees or cables. They can also be used as acoustic baffles suspended from the ceiling.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le titre de l'âme des fils peut être compris entre 250 et 1100 dtex. According to a particular embodiment, the title of the core of the son can be between 250 and 1100 dtex.
Par ailleurs, le titre des fils gainés de la substance thermoplastique peut être compris quant à lui entre 1000 et 4000 dtex. De telles caractéristiques permettent en effet de conférer à la nappe textile une résistance spécifique mesurée selon la norme ISO 9053 méthode A ou NF EN ISO 29053 méthode A comprise entre 100 et 1100 N.s.m-3 ou Pa.s.m-1 ou encore Rayls. Avantageusement, la substance thermoplastique des gaines peut être réalisée dans un matériau choisi parmi le groupe comportant le polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), l'éthylène vinyle acétate (EVA), les silicones, l'acrylique, et le polyuréthane. L'emploi d'une gaine en PVC permet avantageusement le recyclage de la nappe textile selon un procédé de recyclage d'ores et déjà utilisé à ce jour. Moreover, the title of the sheathed son of the thermoplastic substance can be understood for its part between 1000 and 4000 dtex. Such characteristics make it possible to confer on the textile web a specific resistance measured according to ISO 9053 method A or NF EN ISO 29053 method A between 100 and 1100 Nsm-3 or Pa.sm-1 or even Rayls. Advantageously, the thermoplastic substance of the sheaths can be made of a material chosen from the group comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), silicones, acrylic, and polyurethane. The use of a PVC sheath advantageously allows the recycling of the textile web according to a recycling process of ores already used to date.
En pratique, la substance thermoplastique des gaines peut être formée dans un matériau de type mousse à cellules ouvertes. In practice, the thermoplastic material of the sheaths can be formed in an open cell foam material.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la nappe textile peut comporter, sur au moins l'une de ses faces, une couche de matière rapportée participant à l'absorption d'ondes sonores. Cette couche de matière peut donc être rapportée selon différents procédés tels que le flocage ou le contre-collage notamment. Cette couche de matière rapportée peut se présenter sous la forme d'une nappe textile non-tissée telle un feutre, une mousse à cellules ouvertes ou encore des poils. According to a particular embodiment, the textile web may comprise, on at least one of its faces, a layer of added material participating in the absorption of sound waves. This layer of material can therefore be reported according to various processes such as flocking or lamination in particular. This layer of added material may be in the form of a nonwoven textile web such as felt, open cell foam or bristles.
Un tel textile peut atteindre à lui seul un coefficient d'absorption alpha w d'au moins 0,6 avec une lame d'air de 10 cm à l'arrière et pouvant aller jusqu'à 0,90 avec des couches de matière rapportées.  Such a textile alone can achieve an absorption coefficient alpha w of at least 0.6 with an air gap of 10 cm at the back and up to 0.90 with layers of material reported .
DESCRIPTION SOMMAIRE DES FIGURES SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La manière de réaliser l'invention ainsi que les avantages qui en découlent, ressortiront bien du mode de réalisation qui suit, donné à titre indicatif mais non limitatif, à l'appui des figures annexées dans lesquelles :  The manner of carrying out the invention as well as the advantages which result therefrom, will clearly emerge from the following embodiment, given by way of indication but without limitation, in support of the appended figures in which:
les figures 1 et 2 représentent en vue de face, respectivement une nappe textile selon l'art antérieur et une nappe textile conforme à l'invention ;  Figures 1 and 2 show in front view, respectively a textile web according to the prior art and a textile web according to the invention;
les figures 3 et 4 représentent, quant à elles respectivement, des vues en coupe transversale d'une nappe textile selon l'art antérieur et d'une nappe textile conforme à l'invention ;  Figures 3 and 4 represent, respectively, cross-sectional views of a textile web according to the prior art and a textile web according to the invention;
la figure 5 représente en coupe transversale une variante de fils gainés permettant de réaliser une nappe textile conforme à l'invention ; les figures 6, et 7 représentent, quant à elles respectivement, des coupes transversales selon deux variantes d'une nappe textile, conforme à l'invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a variant of sheathed yarns for producing a textile sheet according to the invention; Figures 6 and 7 respectively represent cross sections in two variants of a textile web, according to the invention.
MANIERE DE DECRIRE L'INVENTION HOW TO DESCRIBE THE INVENTION
Comme déjà évoqué, l'invention concerne une nappe textile apte à absorber des ondes sonores et formée par le tissage de fils gainés d'une substance thermoplastique.  As already mentioned, the invention relates to a textile web adapted to absorb sound waves and formed by the weaving son wrapped with a thermoplastic substance.
Tel que représenté à la figure 1, et conformément à l'art antérieur, il est connu de réaliser une telle nappe textile 1 par le tissage de fils de chaîne 2 et de fils de trame 4. Tel que représentée, une telle nappe textile 1 comporte des ouvertures débouchantes 6,7 agencées aux croisements entre les fils de chaîne et fils de trame. As shown in FIG. 1, and in accordance with the prior art, it is known to produce such a textile sheet 1 by weaving warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 4. As shown, such a textile sheet 1 has openings 6,7 outlets arranged at crosses between the warp son and weft son.
Par ailleurs et tel que représenté à la figure 2, une nappe textile 10 conforme à l'invention présente quant à elle des fils de chaîne 12,13, 22, 23 tissés avec des fils de trame 14,15 et des ouvertures 16,17 agencées au niveau du croisement entre les fils de trame et les fils de chaîne. De telles ouvertures 16,17 sont donc désignées par le terme d'ouvertures "de croisement". Moreover, and as represented in FIG. 2, a textile ply 10 according to the invention has, for its part, warp yarns 12, 13, 22, 23 woven with weft yarns 14, 15 and openings 16, 17 arranged at the crossing between the weft son and the warp son. Such openings 16, 17 are therefore referred to as "crossing" openings.
Par ailleurs, une telle nappe textile 10 comporte également des ouvertures dites "parallèles" 18 et 19, agencées entre deux fils de chaîne parallèles et juxtaposés et ayant la même orientation de tissage. Autrement dit, les fils de chaîne 12,13 juxtaposés sont maintenus écartés l'un de l'autre lors de l'opération de tissage de la nappe textile 10. De telles ouvertures 18 et 19 comportent ainsi une géométrie et une disposition angulaire différente des ouvertures dites "de croisement" 16,17. Furthermore, such a textile web 10 also includes so-called "parallel" openings 18 and 19, arranged between two parallel and juxtaposed warp threads and having the same weaving orientation. In other words, the warp threads 12, 13 juxtaposed are kept apart from each other during the weaving operation of the textile ply 10. Such openings 18 and 19 thus have a geometry and an angular disposition that is different from the so-called "crossover" openings 16,17.
De plus, avec un embuvage important, les ouvertures 18,19 peuvent s'orienter sensiblement latéralement pour permettre de capter des ondes sonores rasantes, c'est-à- dire de faible incidence par rapport à la surface de la nappe textile. Tel que représenté à la figure 3, et selon l'art antérieur, les interstices entre fils gainésIn addition, with a large amount of embankment, the openings 18, 19 may be oriented substantially laterally to enable grazing sound waves to be sensed, that is to say of low incidence relative to the surface of the textile web. As represented in FIG. 3, and according to the prior art, the interstices between sheathed wires
2 de la chaîne génèrent uniquement des ouvertures "de croisement" 6,7. Ces ouvertures permettent alors de définir une porosité qualifiée par son taux d'ouverture sans tenir compte de l'orientale spatiale des ouvertures. Une telle porosité peut donc être analysée et quantifiée de façon aisée à l'aide d'un microscope. 2 of the chain generate only "crossing" openings 6.7. These openings then make it possible to define a porosity qualified by its opening rate without taking into account account of the eastern spatial openings. Such porosity can therefore be analyzed and quantified easily using a microscope.
Au contraire, conformément à l'invention, et tel que représenté à la figure 4, les fils de chaîne sont agencés par groupe de deux fils juxtaposés 12,13 et 22, 23. Les fils de chaîne et de trame se croisent pour former, d'une part, des ouvertures 17 dits "de croisement" de façon à favoriser l'absorption sonore d'ondes avec un angle d'incidence par rapport à la surface de la nappe textile proche de la normale. D'autre part, les fils de chaîne et de trame sont espacés localement l'un de l'autre pour former des ouvertures dites "parallèles" entre deux fils de même orientation. In contrast, according to the invention, and as shown in FIG. 4, the warp yarns are arranged in groups of two juxtaposed yarns 12, 13 and 22, 23. The warp and weft threads cross to form, on the one hand, so-called "crossing" openings 17 so as to favor the sound absorption of waves with an angle of incidence relative to the surface of the textile sheet close to normal. On the other hand, the warp and weft son are spaced locally from each other to form so-called "parallel" openings between two son of the same orientation.
Par ailleurs, dans un plan perpendiculaire à celui de la figure 4, l'embuvage important des fils de chaîne permet d'orienter les ouvertures dites "parallèles" 18, 19 de façon à les rendre accessibles aux ondes présentant un angle d'incidence faible par rapport à la surface de la nappe textile. La combinaison des deux effets permet d'absorber les ondes sonores présentant des orientations et incidences variées par rapport à la surface de la nappe textile. Moreover, in a plane perpendicular to that of FIG. 4, the large embossing of the warp threads makes it possible to orient the so-called "parallel" openings 18, 19 so as to make them accessible to the waves having a low angle of incidence. relative to the surface of the textile web. The combination of the two effects makes it possible to absorb the sound waves having various orientations and incidences with respect to the surface of the textile web.
Par conséquent, la nappe textile conforme à l'invention permet d'absorber des ondes sonores présentant des orientations et incidences variées à la fois dans le plan de la figure 4 et dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 4 au moyen des ouvertures dites "de croisement" 16 , 17 et des ouvertures dites "parallèles" 18, 19. Consequently, the textile web according to the invention makes it possible to absorb sound waves having various orientations and incidences both in the plane of FIG. 4 and in a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 4 by means of said openings. "crossing" 16, 17 and "parallel" openings 18, 19.
Par ailleurs, tel que représenté à la figure 4, les fils de chaîne 12, 13, 22, 23 peuvent comporter une âme 25 formée par des brins 26 réalisé en polyester. L'âme 25 est alors recouverte d'une gaine 27 thermoplastique réalisée en polychlorure de vinyle (PVC). Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the warp son 12, 13, 22, 23 may comprise a core 25 formed by strands 26 made of polyester. The core 25 is then covered with a thermoplastic sheath 27 made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, et tel que représenté à la figure 5, la nappe textile 30 peut comporter des fils de chaînes 32, 33 comportant une gaine 37 formée dans un matériau de type mousse à cellules ouvertes. Un tel mode de réalisation permet alors de conférer à la nappe textile 30 une absorption optimale d'ondes sonores. Tel que représenté à la figure 6, la nappe textile 40 peut également comporter une couche de matière 41 rapportée par projection. Cette couche de matière 41 se présente sous la forme de poils 44 solidarisés avec les crêtes supérieures 43 des fils de chaîne et de trame la nappe textile. La solidarisation est en effet réalisée au moyen de plots de colles 42 régulièrement répartis au niveau des crêtes supérieures 43 des fils par un procédé de projection des poils dans les plots de colle 42. According to another embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5, the textile ply 30 may comprise warp yarns 32, 33 comprising a sheath 37 formed of an open-cell foam material. Such an embodiment then makes it possible to confer on the textile ply 30 an optimal absorption of sound waves. As shown in Figure 6, the textile web 40 may also include a layer of material 41 reported by projection. This layer of material 41 is in the form of bristles 44 secured to the upper ridges 43 of the warp and weft son of the textile web. The fastening is in fact carried out by means of glue pads 42 regularly distributed at the level of the upper ridges 43 of the threads by a method of projecting the bristles in the glue pads 42.
Les poils 44 peuvent notamment présenter un diamètre de 20 μιη et une longueur de 200μιη. Une telle couche de matière 41 permet ainsi d'améliorer l'absorption d'ondes sonores. The bristles 44 may in particular have a diameter of 20 μιη and a length of 200μιη. Such a layer of material 41 thus makes it possible to improve the absorption of sound waves.
De même, et tel que représenté à la figure 7, la nappe textile 50 comporte une couche de matière 51 rapportée par contre collage au moyen de plots de colle 52 régulièrement agencés au niveau des crêtes 53 des fils de chaîne et de trame de la nappe textile 50. Une telle couche de matière 51 peut notamment être un non-tissé tel feutre, ou une feuille de mousse à cellules ouvertes. Similarly, and as shown in FIG. 7, the textile ply 50 comprises a layer of material 51 which is attached by adhesive bonding by means of glue pads 52 regularly arranged at the ridges 53 of the warp and weft threads of the ply. textile 50. Such a layer of material 51 may in particular be a non-woven such felt, or an open-cell foam sheet.
Il ressort de ce qui précède que la nappe textile conforme à l'invention comporte de nombreux avantages, et notamment : It follows from the foregoing that the textile web according to the invention has many advantages, and in particular:
- elle permet d'améliorer l'absorption sonore en comportant des ouvertures d' d'orientations angulaires différentes  it makes it possible to improve sound absorption by having openings of different angular orientations
elle permet d'utiliser des fils gainés de titre important présentant une résistance à la rupture optimale ;  it makes it possible to use sheathed wires of high quality having an optimal resistance to breaking;
elle permet de réaliser une absorption sonore sur des surfaces de grandes dimensions, et notamment au niveau de plafonds ;  it makes it possible to achieve sound absorption on large surfaces, and especially on ceilings;
elle présente une grande légèreté permettant également une facilité et une rapidité de démontage.  it has a great lightness also allowing ease and speed of disassembly.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Nappe textile (10, 30, 40, 50) formée par le tissage de fils gainés d'une substance thermoplastique, lesdits fils gainés étant espacés l'un des autres en chaîne et en trame de façon à former des ouvertures dites "de croisement" (16, 17) agencées au niveau des croisements entres des fils de chaîne (12, 13, 22, 23) et des fils de trame (14, 15), ladite nappe textile (10, 30, 40, 50) étant destinée à permettre une absorption d'ondes sonores, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en chaîne et/ou en trame une pluralité de groupes d'au moins deux fils gainés juxtaposés et présentant une même orientation de tissage, lesdits fils d'un même groupe étant localement espacés l'un de l'autre et formant une pluralité d'ouvertures dites "parallèles" (18, 19) comportant chacune une forme et une orientation angulaire différentes de celles des ouvertures dites "de croisement"(16, 17). 1. textile web (10, 30, 40, 50) formed by the weaving son wrapped with a thermoplastic substance, said sheathed son being spaced from one another in warp and weft so as to form openings known as "crossing" (16, 17) arranged at the intersections between warp threads (12, 13, 22, 23) and weft threads (14, 15), said textile web (10, 30, 40, 50) being intended to allow absorption of sound waves, characterized in that it comprises in warp and / or weft a plurality of groups of at least two jacketed son juxtaposed and having the same weaving orientation, said son of a same group being locally spaced from each other and forming a plurality of so-called "parallel" openings (18, 19) each having a shape and an angular orientation different from those of said "crossing" openings (16, 17) .
2. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en chaîne et/ou en trame un nombre de fils par centimètre compris entre 8 et 22. 2. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in warp and / or weft a number of son per centimeter between 8 and 22.
3. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les fils comportent une âme (25) formée par des brins (26) réalisés dans un matériau choisi parmi le groupe comportant le polyester, polyamide, polyoléfîne, acrylique, vinylique, et verre. 3. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that the son comprise a core (25) formed by strands (26) made of a material selected from the group comprising polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, acrylic, vinyl, and glass .
4. Nappe textile selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le titre de l'âme (25) des fils est compris entre 250 et 1100 dtex. 4. Textile web according to claim 3, characterized in that the title of the core (25) son is between 250 and 1100 dtex.
5. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le titre des fils (12, 13, 22, 23, 14, 15) gainés d'une substance thermoplastique est compris entre5. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that the title of the son (12, 13, 22, 23, 14, 15) sheathed with a thermoplastic substance is between
1000 et 4000 dtex. 1000 and 4000 dtex.
6. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une résistance spécifique comprise entre 100 et 1100 N.s.m-3. 6. textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a specific resistance of between 100 and 1100 N.s.m-3.
7. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la substance thermoplastique des gaines (27) est réalisée dans un matériau choisi parmi le groupe comportant le polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), l'éthylène vinyle acétate (EVA), les silicones, l'acrylique, et le polyuréthane. 7. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic substance of the sheaths (27) is made of a material selected from the group including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), silicones, acrylic, and polyurethane.
8. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la substance thermoplastique des gaines (37) est formée dans un matériau de type mousse à cellules ouvertes. The textile web of claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic material of the sheaths (37) is formed of an open cell foam material.
9. Nappe textile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, sur au moins l'une de ses faces, une couche de matière rapportée (41, 51) participant à l'absorption d'ondes sonores. 9. Textile web according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, on at least one of its faces, a layer of added material (41, 51) participating in the absorption of sound waves.
PCT/FR2012/051358 2011-07-08 2012-06-16 Textile ply capable of absorbing sound waves WO2013007908A1 (en)

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US14/124,906 US20140110187A1 (en) 2011-07-08 2012-06-16 Textile ply capable of absorbing sound waves
JP2014517881A JP2014518338A (en) 2011-07-08 2012-06-16 Fiber twist that can absorb sound waves
EP12731579.4A EP2729609A1 (en) 2011-07-08 2012-06-16 Textile ply capable of absorbing sound waves

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FR1156193 2011-07-08
FR1156193A FR2977593B1 (en) 2011-07-08 2011-07-08 TEXTILE TABLECLOTH ABSORBING SOUND WAVES

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FR2977593A1 (en) 2013-01-11
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US20140110187A1 (en) 2014-04-24
JP2014518338A (en) 2014-07-28

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