WO2012174983A1 - 水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法及水草悬床装置 - Google Patents

水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法及水草悬床装置 Download PDF

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WO2012174983A1
WO2012174983A1 PCT/CN2012/076463 CN2012076463W WO2012174983A1 WO 2012174983 A1 WO2012174983 A1 WO 2012174983A1 CN 2012076463 W CN2012076463 W CN 2012076463W WO 2012174983 A1 WO2012174983 A1 WO 2012174983A1
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aquatic
water
planting
suspension
underwater
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PCT/CN2012/076463
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French (fr)
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何文辉
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上海太和水环境科技发展有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • the invention relates to a method for planting aquatic plants, in particular to a method for underwater planting of aquatic plants used in underwater ecological restoration; in addition, the invention relates to a water grass suspension device dedicated to the method.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for planting underwater water suspended plants in underwater ecological restoration, which can avoid the adverse effects that the water depth of the ecological restoration project is deep and the sunlight is difficult to reach the bottom of the water, and the aquatic plants cannot be planted.
  • the suspended planting of aquatic plants can be completed in a deep water body to increase the water planting area of these ecological restoration projects, thereby greatly improving the effect of the water ecological restoration project.
  • the present invention also provides a water grass suspension device dedicated to the method.
  • the present invention provides a method for planting underwater plants in underwater ecological restoration, comprising the following steps:
  • the fixing device is fixed to fix the aquatic grass suspension in the water body.
  • the frame-shaped main structure is firstly made of a bearing material such as steel bar or bamboo rod, and then a buoyancy device made of a plastic float or bamboo material and a mesh plastic material are arranged on the frame-shaped main structure.
  • Aquatic plants plant a mesh platform.
  • the steel brazing is firmly plunged into the bottom mud at a suitable position on the bottom of the water, and the end of the steel brazing left outside the sediment is provided with a ring device; one end of the steel cable or the rope is fixed to the main body of the aquatic plant suspension device Structurally, the other end is fixed to the shore through the ring device, the height of the suspension bed is adjusted by adjusting the length of the wire rope or the rope, or the other end is fixed to the main structure by passing through the ring device, by adjusting the length of the wire rope or the rope. Adjust the height of the suspension.
  • the present invention also provides a water grass suspension device, comprising:
  • the main structure is a frame-shaped structure made of bearing material, which can bear the gravity and buoyancy of the entire suspension bed;
  • buoyancy device disposed on each side of the frame of the main structure
  • the fixing device comprises a bottom fixing device fixed in the bottom sediment, and a connecting fixing device connecting the underwater fixing device and the main body structure;
  • the aquatic planting platform is a mesh platform placed between the sides of the frame of the main structure.
  • the bearing material used in the main structure is steel bar or bamboo pole.
  • the buoyancy device uses a plastic float or bamboo wood material.
  • the underwater fixing device of the fixing device adopts steel brazing, the steel brazing is firmly plunged into the bottom mud at a suitable position on the bottom of the water, and the steel brazing left outside the sediment is provided with a ring device; the connecting fixing device adopts a steel cable or a rope.
  • One end is fixed on the main structure, the other end is fixed on the shore through the ring device, the height of the suspension bed is adjusted by adjusting the length of the steel cable or the rope, or the other end is fixed to the main structure through the ring device, and the steel is adjusted.
  • the length of the cable or rope adjusts the height of the suspension.
  • the underwater fixing device adopts four steel brazing wires
  • the connecting fixing device adopts four steel cables or ropes
  • one of the four steel cables or ropes is respectively fixed on the four corners of the frame structure of the main structure.
  • the water planting platform is provided with reinforcing ribs.
  • a frame-shaped structure anti-wind wave device made of wood or steel sheet slightly higher than the height of the water grass, and the anti-wind device is surrounded by the water planting platform, and the height is 10-20. cm.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the invention adopts the water grass suspension device to plant the aquatic plants in a suspended space fixed to a certain depth to improve the effective planting area of the aquatic plants at the deep water depth reconstruction site. Improve the scope and effect of ecological restoration techniques for water bodies with submerged plants (water plants) as the main body.
  • the invention has obvious technical advantages in the field of underwater ecological restoration mainly composed of aquatic plants.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water grass suspension device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 1.
  • 1 is the aquatic planting platform
  • 2 is the anti-wind wave device
  • 3 is the buoyancy device
  • 4 is the main structure
  • 5 is the underwater fixing device.
  • the underwater aquatic underwater suspension bed of the present invention mainly comprises a frame-shaped bearing main body structure 4, a buoyancy device 3 and a fixing device (including a bottom fixing device 5 and a connecting fixing device) (in the figure) Not shown)), the main structure 4 is composed of a net hanging water planting platform 1 .
  • the aquatic plants are planted on the reticulated planting platform 1 and the horizontal and vertical positions of the suspension are controlled by fixing means (including the underwater fixing device 5 and the connecting fixing device) to ensure that the aquatic plants can float normally in the deep water region.
  • the aquatic grass suspension device of the present invention mainly comprises the following structures:
  • Main structure 4 A frame-shaped structure made of bearing materials such as steel bars or bamboo poles, which can withstand the gravity and buoyancy of the entire suspension bed, and ensure the safety of the suspension structure in wind and waves;
  • Buoyancy device 3 plastic buoy or bamboo wood material placed on the main structure 4 (located on each side of the frame structure of the main structure 4) to ensure the entire suspension bed, the water plants planted therein, and the sediment required for planting the water plants. Can have a certain amount of buoyancy and can be suspended;
  • Fixing device (including underwater fixing device 5 and connecting fixing device (not shown)): the connecting fixing device is made of steel cable or rope or the like for connecting the underwater fixing device 5 and the main structure 4; the underwater fixing device 5 is adopted Steel brazing or other similar material that can be firmly fixed to the bottom of the water. As shown in Fig.
  • the underwater fixing device 5 generally adopts four steel brazing wires
  • the connecting fixing device generally adopts four steel cables or ropes for respectively fixing the four corners of the frame structure of the main structure 4 to form a stable fixed structure
  • Steel brazing or other similar material ie, underwater fixture 5
  • the steel brazing left on the bottom of the sediment has a ring device (not shown)
  • a steel cable or rope or the like One end of the material is fixed on the main structure 4 of the suspension bearing body (one of the four steel cables or ropes is respectively fixed on the four corners of the frame structure of the main structure 4), and the other end is firmly fixed on the shore through the ring device as a connection fixing.
  • the device adjusts the height of the suspension bed by adjusting the length of the steel cable or the rope, or the other end passes through the annular device and is fixed to the main structure 4 again as a connection fixing device, and adjusts the height of the suspension bed by adjusting the length of the steel cable or the rope;
  • Aquatic planting platform 1 The relatively fine plastic or nylon material placed between the sides of the frame-shaped main structure 4 has a certain strength and service life, and provides a platform for the plants and the sediments required for the planting of aquatic plants.
  • the strength of the platform material is required to carry the weight of the water grass and the sediment.
  • the platform adopts a mesh structure, and the mesh density requirement is that the sediment can be laid on the bottom.
  • the planting method is to lay the sediment required for planting on the aquatic planting platform 1, and then plant the aquatic plants on the sediment.
  • Steel wire or rope can be used as a rib under the platform to strengthen the structural strength of the main body and ensure the flatness of the planting platform.
  • a frame-like structure made of 10-20 cm of wood or steel sheet slightly higher than the height of the grass can be placed around the aquatic planting platform 1 as a wind-resistant device 2 to fight against the wind and waves. And the scouring of the sediment.
  • the aquatic plants are submerged plants (also known as aquatic plants), which are aquatic plants that grow at the bottom of rivers, lakes, etc. and do not expose the water surface.
  • the invention adopts a water grass suspension device to plant the aquatic plants in a suspended space fixed at a certain depth to increase the effective planting area of the aquatic plants at the deep water depth reconstruction site and improve the water body ecology mainly composed of submerged plants (water plants).
  • the invention has obvious technical advantages in the field of underwater ecological restoration mainly composed of aquatic plants.

Abstract

一种水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,包括如下步骤:1)制作水草悬床装置:首先制作框形主体结构(4),然后在该主体结构(4)上设置浮力装置(3)和水草种植网状平台(1);2)水草的种植:水草载入水草悬床的水草种植网状平台(1);3)固定水草悬床:制作固定装置(5)将该水草悬床固定于水体中悬空。一种水草悬床装置,包括主体结构(4)、设置在主体结构(4)上的浮力装置(3)、安置在主体结构(4)之间的水草种植网状平台(1)以及固定装置(5)。本发明可在较深的水体中完成水草的悬空种植,从而提高水体生态修复工程的效果。

Description

水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法及水草悬床装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种水草种植的方法,尤其涉及一种使用于水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法;此外,本发明还涉及一种专用于该方法的水草悬床装置。
背景技术
在水体生态修复中,沉水植物(生长在水下的水草,指生长于河川、湖泊等底部且不露出水面的水生植物)的引入是非常重要的环节。只有水草成活并旺盛生长,水体才开始生态恢复从而提高水质。而对于水深超过2米的水体,水草因为缺乏阳光而不能生长;或有潮汐、落差超过1米的水体,水草可能因为露滩而晒死。所以,在水体生态修复工程中,需要一种能够使水草在水下合适深度悬空种植的方法。
技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,该方法可避免因为生态修复工程水深较深、阳光难以到达水底而不能种植水草的不利影响,本发明可以在水深较深的水体中完成水草的悬空种植以提高这些生态修复工程的水草覆盖种植面积,从而大大提高水体生态修复工程的效果。为此,本发明还提供一种专用于该方法的水草悬床装置。
技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供 一种水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制作水草悬床装置:首先制作框形主体结构,然后在该框形主体结构上设置浮力装置和水草种植网状平台;
(2)水草的种植:水草载入水草悬床的水草种植网状平台;所述水草为 沉水植物;
(3)固定水草悬床:制作固定装置将该水草悬床固定于水体中悬空。
在步骤(1)中,首先采用钢筋或竹杆等承力材料制作框形主体结构,然后在框形主体结构上设置采用塑料浮筒或竹木材料制作的浮力装置及采用网状塑料材料制作的水草种植网状平台。
在步骤(3)中,将钢钎牢固扎进水底合适位置的底泥中,留在底泥外面的钢钎一头设有环形装置;将钢缆或绳索的一头固定在水草悬床装置的主体结构上,另一头穿过环形装置固定在岸上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度调节悬床高度,或者另一头穿过环形装置后再次固定在主体结构上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床的高度。
此外,本发明还提供一种水草悬床装置,包括:
主体结构,为采用承力材料制作的框形结构,可承受整个悬床的重力和浮力;
浮力装置,设置在主体结构的框形各边上;
固定装置,包括固定于水底底泥中的水底固定装置、及连接水底固定装置与主体结构的连接固定装置;
水草种植平台,为安置在主体结构框形各边之间的网状平台。
所述主体结构采用的承力材料为钢筋或竹杆。
所述浮力装置采用塑料浮筒或竹木材料。
所述固定装置的水底固定装置采用钢钎,钢钎牢固扎进水底合适位置的底泥中,留在底泥外面的钢钎一头设有环形装置;所述连接固定装置采用钢缆或绳索,其一头固定在主体结构上,另一头穿过环形装置固定在岸上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床高度,或者另一头穿过环形装置后再次固定在主体结构上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床的高度。
所述水底固定装置采用4根钢钎,所述连接固定装置采用4根钢缆或绳索,4根钢缆或绳索的一头分别固定在主体结构的框形4个角上。
所述水草种植平台下设有加强筋。
在所述水草种植平台和主体结构之间设有稍高于水草高度的木质或钢铁片材制作的框形结构的抗击风浪装置,该抗击风浪装置围在水草种植平台四周,高度为10-20厘米。
有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果在于:本发明通过水草悬床装置,将水草种植在悬空固定在一定深度的悬床上,以提高水深较深的生态修复工程现场的水草有效种植面积,提高以沉水植物(水草)为主体的水体生态修复技术的适用范围和效果。本发明在以水草为主体的水下生态修复领域具有比较明显的技术优势。
附图说明
图1是本发明 水草悬床装置的结构示意图 。
图 2 是图 1 的局部放大示意图。
图 1 和图 2 中,1是水草种植平台,2是抗击风浪装置,3是浮力装置,4是主体结构,5是水底固定装置。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明:
如图1所示,本发明的水草水下悬床主要由框形承力主体结构4、设置在主体结构4上的浮力装置3和固定装置(包括水底固定装置5和连接固定装置(图中未示))、主体结构4之间的网吊水草种植平台1组成。将水草种植在网状水草种植平台1上并通过固定装置(包括水底固定装置5和连接固定装置)控制悬床的水平和垂直位置,保证水草在深水区域能够悬空正常生长。
如图1和图2所示,本发明水草悬床装置主要包括如下结构:
主体结构4:为钢筋或竹杆等承力材料制作的框形结构,可承受整个悬床的重力和浮力,保证在风浪中的悬床结构安全;
浮力装置3:安置在主体结构4上的塑料浮筒或竹木材料(位于主体结构4的框形各边上),保证整个悬床、种植于其中的水草以及水草种植所需要的底泥等部分能有一定的浮力而能悬浮;
固定装置(包括水底固定装置5和连接固定装置(图中未示)):连接固定装置采用钢缆或绳索或其他类似材料,用于连接水底固定装置5与主体结构4;水底固定装置5采用可以牢固固定在水底的钢钎或其他类似材料。如图1所示,水底固定装置5一般采用4根钢钎,连接固定装置一般采用4根钢缆或绳索,用于分别固定主体结构4的框形4个角,形成稳定的固定结构;将钢钎或其他类似材料(即水底固定装置5)牢固扎进水底合适位置的底泥中,留在底泥外面的钢钎一头有环形装置(图中未示);将钢缆或绳索或类似材料一头固定在悬床承力主体结构4上(4根钢缆或绳索的一头分别固定在主体结构4的框形4个角上),另一头穿过环状装置牢固固定在岸上作为连接固定装置,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度调节悬床高度,或者另一头穿过环形装置后再次固定在主体结构4上作为连接固定装置,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床的高度;
水草种植平台1:安置在框形主体结构4框形各边之间的较为细密的塑料或尼龙材料,有一定的强度和使用寿命,为水草以及水草种植所需要的底泥等物质提供平台。该平台材料的强度要求为可以承载水草与底泥的重量,该平台采用网状结构,网孔密度要求为在上面可以铺设底泥。种植方法为在水草种植平台1上铺设种植所需要的底泥,然后将水草种植在底泥上。在平台下可以使用钢丝或绳索作为加强筋以加强主体结构强度并保证种植平台平整。水草种植平台1和主体结构4之间可以安置10-20厘米的稍高于水草高度的木质或钢铁片材制作的框形结构围在水草种植平台1四周作为抗击风浪装置2以抗击风浪对水草以及底泥的冲刷。所述水草为沉水植物(又称为水草,指生长于河川、湖泊等底部且不露出水面的水生植物)。
工业实用性
本发明通过水草悬床装置,将水草种植在悬空固定在一定深度的悬床上,以提高水深较深的生态修复工程现场的水草有效种植面积,提高以沉水植物(水草)为主体的水体生态修复技术的适用范围和效果。本发明在以水草为主体的水下生态修复领域具有比较明显的技术优势。
序列表自由内容

Claims (1)

  1. 1. 一种水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
    (1)制作水草悬床装置:首先制作框形主体结构,然后在该框形主体结构上设置浮力装置和水草种植网状平台;
    (2)水草的种植:水草载入水草悬床的水草种植网状平台;所述水草为 沉水植物;
    (3)固定水草悬床:制作固定装置将该水草悬床固定于水体中悬空。
    2. 如权利要求1所述的水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,首先采用钢筋或竹杆等承力材料制作框形主体结构,然后在框形主体结构上设置采用塑料浮筒或竹木材料制作的浮力装置及采用网状塑料材料制作的水草种植网状平台。
    3. 如权利要求1所述的水下生态修复中的水草水下悬空种植方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,将钢钎牢固扎进水底合适位置的底泥中,留在底泥外面的钢钎一头设有环形装置;将钢缆或绳索的一头固定在水草悬床装置的主体结构上,另一头穿过环形装置固定在岸上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度调节悬床高度,或者另一头穿过环形装置后再次固定在主体结构上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床的高度。
    4. 一种水草悬床装置,其特征在于,该水草悬床装置包括:
    主体结构,为采用承力材料制作的框形结构,可承受整个悬床的重力和浮力;
    浮力装置,设置在主体结构的框形各边上;
    固定装置,包括固定于水底底泥中的水底固定装置、及连接水底固定装置与主体结构的连接固定装置;
    水草种植平台,为安置在主体结构框形各边之间的网状平台。
    5. 如权利要求4所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,所述主体结构采用的承力材料为钢筋或竹杆。
    6. 如权利要求4所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,所述浮力装置采用塑料浮筒或竹木材料。
    7. 如权利要求4所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,所述固定装置的水底固定装置采用钢钎,钢钎牢固扎进水底合适位置的底泥中,留在底泥外面的钢钎一头设有环形装置;所述连接固定装置采用钢缆或绳索,其一头固定在主体结构上,另一头穿过环形装置固定在岸上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床高度,或者另一头穿过环形装置后再次固定在主体结构上,通过调节钢缆或绳索的长度来调节悬床的高度。
    8. 如权利要求7所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,所述水底固定装置采用4根钢钎,所述连接固定装置采用4根钢缆或绳索,4根钢缆或绳索的一头分别固定在主体结构的框形4个角上。
    9. 如权利要求4所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,所述水草种植平台下设有加强筋。
    10. 如权利要求4所述的水草悬床装置,其特征在于,在所述水草种植平台和主体结构之间设有稍高于水草高度的木质或钢铁片材制作的框形结构的抗击风浪装置,该抗击风浪装置围在水草种植平台四周,高度为10-20厘米。
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