WO2012173034A1 - Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member - Google Patents
Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012173034A1 WO2012173034A1 PCT/JP2012/064658 JP2012064658W WO2012173034A1 WO 2012173034 A1 WO2012173034 A1 WO 2012173034A1 JP 2012064658 W JP2012064658 W JP 2012064658W WO 2012173034 A1 WO2012173034 A1 WO 2012173034A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- joining
- friction stir
- probe
- cylindrical member
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a friction stir method in which materials having different flow stresses are joined by friction stir, a stir tool used therefor, and an obtained joining member.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a friction stir welding method in which bonding is performed by frictional heat generated between materials.
- This joining method is a method in which the material to be joined is softened by frictional heat between the tool and the material to be joined, and the plastic flow phenomenon accompanying the rotation of the tool is utilized. It is based on a principle different from welding.
- a tool shape that can reduce undercut is described in Patent Document 3.
- a tool composed of a tapered shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes toward the probe side is used.
- the inclination of the tool can be reduced as compared with the prior art. Therefore, the pressing force in the rear part of the tool can be reduced, the occurrence of undercut can be reduced, and a smooth joint bead surface can be obtained.
- the object of the present invention is to use a tool having a shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes to the probe side, and when a material having different flow stress (strength) is subjected to friction stir welding, the bead rises or undercuts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction stir welding method, a bonding material, and a tool that suppress and reduce the occurrence of the above and have excellent bonding quality.
- a tool provided so that a pin-like probe protrudes from the end face of a cylindrical member is inserted into a bonding material in a rotated state, and the tool is moved in a rotated state.
- the method of joining or stirring the members Using a tool whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes to the probe side, members having different flow stresses are joined or stirred, and a material having a low flow stress is moved forward (side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction). It is characterized by arranging.
- the present invention by arranging a low-strength material on the forward side, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of bead bulge and undercut, and to produce a joint that is excellent in joining quality and can be reduced in cost.
- the conceptual diagram which shows an example of the conventional joining method The conceptual diagram which shows the cross-sectional shape of the junction part produced using the conventional tool.
- the conceptual diagram of the cross section of the junction part which arrange
- the present invention relates to a method for friction stir welding of two or more materials having different flow stress (strength) using a tool made of a shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes toward the probe side.
- the low material is arranged on the advancing side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction).
- the pressing force at the rear part of the tool is reduced.
- plastic flow occurs from the reverse side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool and the joining direction are opposite) to the forward side, but if there is a material with a large flow stress on the forward side, the flow stress is small.
- the material does not flow easily from the reverse side to the forward side and remains in a state of rising to the reverse side.
- an undercut surface defect occurs.
- the shoulder whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes toward the probe is a curved surface.
- a large pressing force is obtained near the probe, and a pressing force is relatively small at the end of the shoulder, so that a smoother joint surface can be obtained.
- the shoulder preferably has at least one groove.
- a tool made of a shoulder projecting toward the probe such as the shoulder
- the tool inclination is small, it may occur that the agitated material does not return to the joint portion while flowing out to the outside. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a groove on the shoulder surface so that the material flowing along the rotation of the tool flows toward the center of the joint.
- the above-mentioned joining method can be implemented with a low-cost joining measure compared with the conventional method (method of tilting the tool).
- a tool composed of a shoulder projecting to the probe side there is an advantage that the inclination of the tool can be omitted and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
- a five-axis device is necessary.
- two-dimensional joining can be realized with a three-axis device. That is, the apparatus cost can be reduced, and the production cost of the product can be reduced.
- FIG. 4 shows a case where the present invention is applied to a butt joint as an example of the joining method of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows the positional relationship between the plate-shaped bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402, the rotation direction 404 of the tool 403, and the bonding direction 405.
- the materials of the bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402 are oxygen-free copper and Ag-containing oxygen-free copper, respectively.
- Ag-containing oxygen-free copper (the bonding material 402) has higher strength at room temperature and in the vicinity of the bonding temperature than oxygen-free copper (the bonding material 401).
- Both the bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402 have a thickness of 13 mm.
- the shape of the stirring tool is shown in FIG.
- the tool is composed of a shank 501, a shoulder 502 and a probe 503.
- the shoulder 502 protrudes toward the probe 503. This is different from the conventional tool shape shown in FIG.
- As a conventional tool shape it is general that the shoulder 304 is recessed on the opposite side to the protruding direction of the probe 303.
- the shoulder 502 protruding to the probe side is a curved surface. By making it a curved surface, it becomes possible to make the pressing force at the shoulder edge smaller than the periphery of the probe, and there is an effect of smoothing the joint surface.
- Friction stirring is performed by placing the joining material 402 on the forward side (the side where the rotational direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction) and the joining material 401 on the backward side (the side where the rotational direction and the joining direction are opposite). did.
- a cross section perpendicular to the joining direction 405 is shown in FIG.
- a surface defect of the undercut 601 occurs on the advance side of the joint.
- the reverse side is raised from the base material part (swell part 602).
- the arrangement relationship between the bonding material 402 and the bonding material 401 was reversed, and the bonding material 401 was arranged on the advanced side and the bonding material 402 was arranged on the marching side, and friction stirring was performed.
- the cross-sectional appearance of the joint is shown in FIG.
- the large undercut and bulge seen in FIG. 6 were not observed, and it was found that a substantially flat joining bead was obtained.
- Friction stir welding is a joining method in which materials softened by friction heat are integrated by plastic flow, and the joining quality is greatly influenced by the plastic deformability of the material.
- the plastic flow of the agitated material ends at the rear portion 406 of the tool.
- the reverse side material flows to the forward side by the rotation of the tool.
- the left and right plastic flows are likely to occur, and the plastic flow is performed smoothly.
- the material having a high flow stress accounts for 50% or more of the vicinity of the agitated surface (for example, the vicinity of the surface 407 of the bonded portion).
- Example 2 Friction stir welding was performed using a tool having a groove in the shoulder. A good joint bead was obtained as compared with the case without a groove.
- Example 3 As an applicable bonding material, a material capable of friction stir welding is essentially used. For example, there are metal materials such as a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, and a steel material. The thickness of the applied material depends on the ability of the friction stir welding apparatus, and in the case of an aluminum alloy, it can be about 100 mm from a 0.5 mm thin plate. [Example 3] gives an example applied to an aluminum alloy.
- the bonding material 802 and the bonding material 801 are A6061 which is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and AC4CH which is a cast aluminum alloy.
- the bonding material 801 is stronger than the bonding material 801 at room temperature and in the vicinity of the bonding temperature.
- the thickness of the bonding material 801 and the bonding material 802 is 13 mm.
- the shape of the tool used is the same as in [Example 1].
- a pressure vessel consisting of a mixed joint shape of butt and overlap was joined.
- a schematic diagram thereof is shown in FIG. Friction stirring is performed by placing the joining material 802 on the forward side (the side where the rotational direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction) and the joining material 801 on the backward side (the side where the rotational direction and the joining direction are opposite). did. Large undercuts and bulges were not observed, and a substantially flat joining bead was obtained.
- the bonding material 801 is disposed on the forward side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the bonding direction), and the bonding material 802 is disposed on the reverse side (the side where the rotation direction and the bonding direction are opposite), and friction stirring is performed.
- the bonding material 801 is disposed on the forward side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the bonding direction)
- the bonding material 802 is disposed on the reverse side (the side where the rotation direction and the bonding direction are opposite)
- friction stirring is performed.
- an undercut surface defect occurred on the advance side of the joint.
- the reverse side was raised from the base metal part. Results consistent with [Example 1] were obtained.
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for friction stir welding two or more materials having different flow stress (strength), using an implement comprising a shoulder where the end face of a cylindrical member of the implement projects towards a probe, wherein low-strength material is disposed on the side of advance (the side where the welding direction matches the direction of rotation of the implement).
Description
本発明は、流動応力の異なる材料を摩擦攪拌して接合する摩擦攪拌方法、それに用いる攪拌工具、得られる接合部材に関する。
The present invention relates to a friction stir method in which materials having different flow stresses are joined by friction stir, a stir tool used therefor, and an obtained joining member.
被接合材よりも実質的に硬い材質の円柱状部材（以下、工具）を回転させながら被接合材の接合部に挿入し、この工具を回転させながら移動することによって、上記工具と上記被接合材との間で発生する摩擦熱により接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法が、例えば、特許文献１に記載されている。この接合方法は、工具と被接合材との摩擦熱により被接合材を軟化させ、工具の回転に伴う塑性流動現象を利用したものであり、被接合材を溶かして溶接する方法、例えば、アーク溶接などとは異なる原理に基づいている。
By inserting a columnar member (hereinafter referred to as a tool) substantially harder than the material to be joined into the joining portion of the material to be joined while rotating, the tool and the material to be joined are moved by rotating the tool. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a friction stir welding method in which bonding is performed by frictional heat generated between materials. This joining method is a method in which the material to be joined is softened by frictional heat between the tool and the material to be joined, and the plastic flow phenomenon accompanying the rotation of the tool is utilized. It is based on a principle different from welding.
摩擦攪拌接合では、工具を接合方向に傾斜させ接合することが一般的である。これは、内部欠陥が発生しないように、工具の後方部（図１の１０４）で充分な押圧力を与えるためである。これについては、特許文献２に記載されている。
In friction stir welding, it is common to join the tool by inclining the tool in the welding direction. This is because a sufficient pressing force is applied to the rear portion of the tool (104 in FIG. 1) so that an internal defect does not occur. This is described in Patent Document 2.
しかしながら、工具を接合方向に傾けると、工具の円柱状部材の端面（以下、ショルダ）の後方部が接合部を押しつけることになり、接合部は母材部より薄くなる問題点がある。このような欠陥を一般的にアンダーカットと呼ぶ（図２の２０１）。
However, when the tool is tilted in the joining direction, the rear part of the end surface (hereinafter referred to as a shoulder) of the cylindrical member of the tool presses the joined part, and the joined part becomes thinner than the base material part. Such a defect is generally called an undercut (201 in FIG. 2).
アンダーカットを低減できる工具形状が特許文献３に記載されている。工具の円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出したテーパー状のショルダからなる工具を用いている。このような工具形状を適用することで、工具の傾斜を従来より少なくすることができる。従って、工具の後方部における押圧力を低減でき、アンダーカットの発生が低減可能であり、平滑な接合部ビード表面を得ることができる。
A tool shape that can reduce undercut is described in Patent Document 3. A tool composed of a tapered shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes toward the probe side is used. By applying such a tool shape, the inclination of the tool can be reduced as compared with the prior art. Therefore, the pressing force in the rear part of the tool can be reduced, the occurrence of undercut can be reduced, and a smooth joint bead surface can be obtained.
しかしながら、流動応力（強度）の異なる材料を摩擦攪拌接合する場合は、上記のような平滑なビード表面が得られず、接合部のビードに盛り上がりやアンダーカットが発生するなど、接合品質が低下する新たな課題が生じる。
However, when friction stir welding is performed on materials having different flow stresses (strengths), the smooth bead surface as described above cannot be obtained, and the joining quality deteriorates, for example, swells or undercuts occur in the joint bead. New challenges arise.
このような現象は、特許文献２に記載されてある方法、すなわち、円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出した反対側に凹んだショルダから構成される工具を用いて、前記工具を接合方向に対して傾斜して実施する摩擦攪拌方法では観察されていない。上記工具の模式図を図３に示す。上記工具では、傾斜をかけることにより、工具の後方部における押圧力が大きく、接合部の左右の材料流動を強制的に行うことが可能であるためである。
Such a phenomenon is caused by the method described in Patent Document 2, that is, using a tool composed of a shoulder in which the end surface of the cylindrical member protrudes toward the probe and is recessed on the opposite side, and the tool is moved in the joining direction. On the other hand, it is not observed in the friction stir method carried out at an inclination. A schematic diagram of the tool is shown in FIG. This is because, in the above-described tool, by applying an inclination, the pressing force in the rear part of the tool is large, and the material flow on the left and right of the joint can be forcibly performed.
本発明の目的は、工具の円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出したショルダを有する工具を用いて、流動応力（強度）の異なる材料を摩擦攪拌接合を行う際に、ビードの盛り上がりやアンダーカットの発生を抑制及び低減し、接合品質に優れた摩擦攪拌接合方法，接合材、及び工具を提供することにある。
The object of the present invention is to use a tool having a shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes to the probe side, and when a material having different flow stress (strength) is subjected to friction stir welding, the bead rises or undercuts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction stir welding method, a bonding material, and a tool that suppress and reduce the occurrence of the above and have excellent bonding quality.
本発明の摩擦攪拌方法は、円柱状部材の端面にピン状プローブが突出するように設けられた工具を接合材に回転させた状態で挿入し、該ツールを回転させた状態で移動することにより、部材を接合又は攪拌する方法において、
前記円柱状部材の端面が前記プローブ側に突出した工具を用いて流動応力の異なる部材を接合又は攪拌し、流動応力の低い材料を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に配置することを特徴とする。 In the friction stir method of the present invention, a tool provided so that a pin-like probe protrudes from the end face of a cylindrical member is inserted into a bonding material in a rotated state, and the tool is moved in a rotated state. In the method of joining or stirring the members,
Using a tool whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes to the probe side, members having different flow stresses are joined or stirred, and a material having a low flow stress is moved forward (side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction). It is characterized by arranging.
前記円柱状部材の端面が前記プローブ側に突出した工具を用いて流動応力の異なる部材を接合又は攪拌し、流動応力の低い材料を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に配置することを特徴とする。 In the friction stir method of the present invention, a tool provided so that a pin-like probe protrudes from the end face of a cylindrical member is inserted into a bonding material in a rotated state, and the tool is moved in a rotated state. In the method of joining or stirring the members,
Using a tool whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes to the probe side, members having different flow stresses are joined or stirred, and a material having a low flow stress is moved forward (side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction). It is characterized by arranging.
本発明によれば、強度の低い材料を前進側に配置することにより、ビードの盛り上がりやアンダーカットの発生が低減でき、接合品質に優れ、コストが低減できる接合部を作製できる。
According to the present invention, by arranging a low-strength material on the forward side, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of bead bulge and undercut, and to produce a joint that is excellent in joining quality and can be reduced in cost.
本発明の他の目的、特徴及び利点は添付図面に関する以下の本発明の実施例の記載から明らかになるであろう。
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本発明は、工具の円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出したショルダからなる工具を用いて、流動応力（強度）の異なる二つまたは二つ以上の材料を摩擦攪拌接合する方法において、強度の低い材料を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に配置することを特徴とするものである。
The present invention relates to a method for friction stir welding of two or more materials having different flow stress (strength) using a tool made of a shoulder whose end face of a cylindrical member of the tool protrudes toward the probe side. The low material is arranged on the advancing side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction).
前記工具を用いた接合では、工具の後方部における押圧力が小さくなる。工具の後方部では、後進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が逆になる側）から前進側に向かって塑性流動が生じるが、前進側に流動応力が大きい材料があると、流動応力の小さい材料が後進側から前進側に流動しにくく、後進側に盛り上がった状態で残る。一方で前進側には後進側から流動してくる材料が少なくなるため、アンダーカットの表面欠陥が発生する。
In the joining using the tool, the pressing force at the rear part of the tool is reduced. In the rear part of the tool, plastic flow occurs from the reverse side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool and the joining direction are opposite) to the forward side, but if there is a material with a large flow stress on the forward side, the flow stress is small. The material does not flow easily from the reverse side to the forward side and remains in a state of rising to the reverse side. On the other hand, since less material flows from the reverse side to the forward side, an undercut surface defect occurs.
一方、後進側に流動応力が大きい材料を配置することで、材料流動が円滑に行われ、接合部ビード表面におけるアンダーカット及び盛り上がりを低減することができる。
On the other hand, by disposing a material having a large flow stress on the reverse side, the material flow can be performed smoothly, and undercut and bulge on the joint bead surface can be reduced.
円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出したショルダは、曲面であることが有効である。プローブの近傍は大きな押圧力を、ショルダの端部では押圧力が相対的に小さいので、より平滑な接合部表面が得られる。
It is effective that the shoulder whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes toward the probe is a curved surface. A large pressing force is obtained near the probe, and a pressing force is relatively small at the end of the shoulder, so that a smoother joint surface can be obtained.
前記ショルダは少なくとも一つの溝を有することが望ましい。前記ショルダのように、プローブ側に突出した形状のショルダからなる工具を用いる場合は、工具の傾斜を０ないしほぼ０にして接合することが良好な接合部が得られる。工具傾斜が小さい場合は、攪拌した材料が外側に流出されたまま接合部に戻ってこないことも発生する。従って、ツールの回転に沿って流動した材料が接合部の中心に向かって流動するように、ショルダの表面に溝を設けることが望ましい。
The shoulder preferably has at least one groove. In the case of using a tool made of a shoulder projecting toward the probe, such as the shoulder, it is possible to obtain a joining portion that is favorably joined with the tool tilted from 0 to almost 0. When the tool inclination is small, it may occur that the agitated material does not return to the joint portion while flowing out to the outside. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a groove on the shoulder surface so that the material flowing along the rotation of the tool flows toward the center of the joint.
上記の接合方法は、従来（工具を傾斜する方式）に比べて低コストの接合措置で実施可能である。プローブ側に突出した形状のショルダから構成される工具を用いることで、工具の傾斜が省略でき、装置構成を簡略化できるメリットがある。例えば工具を傾けた状態で、２次元形状（曲線）の接合を行う場合は、５軸装置が必要であるが、傾斜無しで接合が可能になると、３軸装置で２次元接合を実現できる。すなわち、装置コストが低減でき、製品の製造コストを下げる効果がある。
The above-mentioned joining method can be implemented with a low-cost joining measure compared with the conventional method (method of tilting the tool). By using a tool composed of a shoulder projecting to the probe side, there is an advantage that the inclination of the tool can be omitted and the apparatus configuration can be simplified. For example, when joining a two-dimensional shape (curved line) with the tool tilted, a five-axis device is necessary. However, if joining is possible without tilting, two-dimensional joining can be realized with a three-axis device. That is, the apparatus cost can be reduced, and the production cost of the product can be reduced.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照しながら説明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
〔実施例１〕
[Example 1]
図４は本発明の接合方法の一例として、突合せ継手に適用した場合のものである。図４に平板形状の接合材料４０１と接合材料４０２と、工具４０３の回転方向４０４と接合方向４０５の位置関係を示す。
FIG. 4 shows a case where the present invention is applied to a butt joint as an example of the joining method of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the positional relationship between the plate-shaped bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402, the rotation direction 404 of the tool 403, and the bonding direction 405.
前記接合材料４０１と接合材料４０２との材質はそれぞれ無酸素銅とＡｇ入り無酸素銅である。Ａｇ入り無酸素銅（前記接合材料４０２）は無酸素銅（前記接合材料４０１）より室温及び接合温度付近で強度が高い。前記接合材料４０１と接合材料４０２との厚みは、ともに１３mmのものを使用した。
The materials of the bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402 are oxygen-free copper and Ag-containing oxygen-free copper, respectively. Ag-containing oxygen-free copper (the bonding material 402) has higher strength at room temperature and in the vicinity of the bonding temperature than oxygen-free copper (the bonding material 401). Both the bonding material 401 and the bonding material 402 have a thickness of 13 mm.
攪拌用の工具の形状を図５に示す。工具はシャンク５０１とショルダ５０２とプローブ５０３から構成されている。ショルダ５０２はプローブ５０３に向かって突出している。これは、図３に示す従来の工具形状とは異なる。従来工具形状としては、プローブ３０３の突出方向と反対側に凹んだショルダ３０４からなるのが一般的である。
The shape of the stirring tool is shown in FIG. The tool is composed of a shank 501, a shoulder 502 and a probe 503. The shoulder 502 protrudes toward the probe 503. This is different from the conventional tool shape shown in FIG. As a conventional tool shape, it is general that the shoulder 304 is recessed on the opposite side to the protruding direction of the probe 303.
プローブ側に突出したショルダ５０２は曲面になっている。曲面にすることでショルダエッジにおける押圧力をプローブ周辺より小さくすることが可能となり、接合部表面を平滑にする効果がある。
The shoulder 502 protruding to the probe side is a curved surface. By making it a curved surface, it becomes possible to make the pressing force at the shoulder edge smaller than the periphery of the probe, and there is an effect of smoothing the joint surface.
前記接合材料４０２を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に、前記接合材料４０１を後進側（前記回転方向と前記接合方向が逆になる側）に配置し摩擦攪拌を実施した。接合方向４０５に垂直な断面を図６に示す。接合部の前進側にアンダーカット６０１の表面欠陥が発生している。後進側は母材部より盛り上がっている（盛り上がり部６０２）。
Friction stirring is performed by placing the joining material 402 on the forward side (the side where the rotational direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction) and the joining material 401 on the backward side (the side where the rotational direction and the joining direction are opposite). did. A cross section perpendicular to the joining direction 405 is shown in FIG. A surface defect of the undercut 601 occurs on the advance side of the joint. The reverse side is raised from the base material part (swell part 602).
前記接合材料４０２と前記接合材料４０１の配置関係を逆にし、先進側に前記接合材料４０１を、行進側に前記接合材料４０２を配置して摩擦攪拌を行った。その接合部の断面外観を図７に示す。図６に見られた大きなアンダーカット及び盛り上がりは観察されず、ほぼ平坦な接合ビードが得られることが判った。
The arrangement relationship between the bonding material 402 and the bonding material 401 was reversed, and the bonding material 401 was arranged on the advanced side and the bonding material 402 was arranged on the marching side, and friction stirring was performed. The cross-sectional appearance of the joint is shown in FIG. The large undercut and bulge seen in FIG. 6 were not observed, and it was found that a substantially flat joining bead was obtained.
プローブに向かって突出したショルダからなる工具を用いて、強度（流動応力）の異なる材料を攪拌する際に、材料の配置は接合部品質に大きな影響を与えることが判った。流動応力の高い材料を後進側に配置したほうが良好な接合部ビードが得られ、流動応力の低い材料を後進側に配置すると品質に劣る接合部ビードが形成することが明らかになった。
When using a tool made of a shoulder projecting toward the probe to stir materials with different strengths (flow stress), it has been found that the material arrangement has a great influence on the joint quality. It was found that a better joint bead was obtained when a material having a high flow stress was arranged on the reverse side, and a poor quality joint bead was formed when a material having a low flow stress was arranged on the reverse side.
摩擦攪拌接合は摩擦熱で軟化した材料を塑性流動することで一体化する接合法であり、接合品質は材料の塑性変形能に大きく左右される。攪拌された材料の塑性流動は工具の後方部４０６で終了する。工具の後方部４０６では工具の回転により後進側の材料が前進側に流動する。前進側に比べて後進側の材料の流動応力が高い場合は、左右の塑性流動が生じやすく、塑性流動が円滑に行われる。
摩擦 Friction stir welding is a joining method in which materials softened by friction heat are integrated by plastic flow, and the joining quality is greatly influenced by the plastic deformability of the material. The plastic flow of the agitated material ends at the rear portion 406 of the tool. In the rear part 406 of the tool, the reverse side material flows to the forward side by the rotation of the tool. When the flow stress of the reverse side material is higher than that of the forward side, the left and right plastic flows are likely to occur, and the plastic flow is performed smoothly.
一方、後進側の材料の流動応力が低い場合は、左右の塑性流動は起こりにくい。これは弱い材料が強い材料を降伏させることができないためである。従って、接合品質の良い接合部を作製するためには、後進側に流動応力の高い材料を配置することが望ましい。
On the other hand, when the flow stress of the material on the reverse side is low, the left and right plastic flow hardly occurs. This is because a weak material cannot yield a strong material. Therefore, in order to produce a joint with good joint quality, it is desirable to dispose a material with high flow stress on the reverse side.
このように接合すると、流動応力の高い材料が攪拌した表面付近（例えば接合部の表面近傍４０７）の５０％以上を占める。
When bonded in this manner, the material having a high flow stress accounts for 50% or more of the vicinity of the agitated surface (for example, the vicinity of the surface 407 of the bonded portion).
〔実施例２〕
前記ショルダに溝を有する工具を用いて摩擦攪拌接合を行った。溝がない場合に比べて良好な接合部ビードが得られた。 [Example 2]
Friction stir welding was performed using a tool having a groove in the shoulder. A good joint bead was obtained as compared with the case without a groove.
前記ショルダに溝を有する工具を用いて摩擦攪拌接合を行った。溝がない場合に比べて良好な接合部ビードが得られた。 [Example 2]
Friction stir welding was performed using a tool having a groove in the shoulder. A good joint bead was obtained as compared with the case without a groove.
前記ショルダ５０２のように、プローブ側に突出した形状のショルダからなる工具を用いる場合は、工具の傾斜を０ないしほぼ０にして接合することが良好な接合部が得られる。工具傾斜が小さい場合は、攪拌した材料が外側に流出されたまま接合部に戻ってこないことも発生する。従って、ツールの回転に沿って流動した材料が接合部の中心に向かって流動するように、ショルダの表面に溝を設けることが望ましい。
When using a tool made of a shoulder projecting toward the probe, such as the shoulder 502, it is possible to obtain a joint that is favorably joined with the inclination of the tool set to 0 to almost zero. When the tool inclination is small, it may occur that the agitated material does not return to the joint portion while flowing out to the outside. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a groove on the shoulder surface so that the material flowing along the rotation of the tool flows toward the center of the joint.
〔実施例３〕
適用可能な接合材料としては、本質的に摩擦攪拌接合の可能な材料とする。例えば、マグネシウム合金，銅合金，鉄鋼材料等の金属材料がある。適用材料の厚みは、摩擦攪拌接合装置の能力によるものであり、アルミニウム合金の場合、０.５mmの薄板より１００mm前後のものに対しても可能である。〔実施例３〕では、アルミニウム合金に適用した例を挙げる。 Example 3
As an applicable bonding material, a material capable of friction stir welding is essentially used. For example, there are metal materials such as a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, and a steel material. The thickness of the applied material depends on the ability of the friction stir welding apparatus, and in the case of an aluminum alloy, it can be about 100 mm from a 0.5 mm thin plate. [Example 3] gives an example applied to an aluminum alloy.
適用可能な接合材料としては、本質的に摩擦攪拌接合の可能な材料とする。例えば、マグネシウム合金，銅合金，鉄鋼材料等の金属材料がある。適用材料の厚みは、摩擦攪拌接合装置の能力によるものであり、アルミニウム合金の場合、０.５mmの薄板より１００mm前後のものに対しても可能である。〔実施例３〕では、アルミニウム合金に適用した例を挙げる。 Example 3
As an applicable bonding material, a material capable of friction stir welding is essentially used. For example, there are metal materials such as a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, and a steel material. The thickness of the applied material depends on the ability of the friction stir welding apparatus, and in the case of an aluminum alloy, it can be about 100 mm from a 0.5 mm thin plate. [Example 3] gives an example applied to an aluminum alloy.
接合材料８０２と接合材料８０１とは、６０００系アルミニウム合金であるＡ６０６１と鋳造アルミニウム合金であるＡＣ４ＣＨである。前記接合材料８０１は前記接合材料８０１より室温及び接合温度付近で強度が高い。前記接合材料８０１と前記接合材料８０２の厚さは１３mmである。用いた工具の形状は〔実施例１〕と同様とする。
The bonding material 802 and the bonding material 801 are A6061 which is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and AC4CH which is a cast aluminum alloy. The bonding material 801 is stronger than the bonding material 801 at room temperature and in the vicinity of the bonding temperature. The thickness of the bonding material 801 and the bonding material 802 is 13 mm. The shape of the tool used is the same as in [Example 1].
突合せと重ねの混合継手形状からなる圧力容器を接合した。その模式図を図８に示す。前記接合材料８０２を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に、前記接合材料８０１を後進側（前記回転方向と前記接合方向が逆になる側）に配置し摩擦攪拌を実施した。大きなアンダーカット及び盛り上がりは観察されず、ほぼ平坦な接合ビードが得られた。
A pressure vessel consisting of a mixed joint shape of butt and overlap was joined. A schematic diagram thereof is shown in FIG. Friction stirring is performed by placing the joining material 802 on the forward side (the side where the rotational direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction) and the joining material 801 on the backward side (the side where the rotational direction and the joining direction are opposite). did. Large undercuts and bulges were not observed, and a substantially flat joining bead was obtained.
一方、前記接合材料８０１を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に、前記接合材料８０２を後進側（前記回転方向と前記接合方向が逆になる側）に配置し摩擦攪拌を実施すると、接合部の前進側にアンダーカットの表面欠陥が発生した。後進側は母材部より盛り上がった。〔実施例１〕と一致する結果が得られた。
On the other hand, the bonding material 801 is disposed on the forward side (the side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the bonding direction), and the bonding material 802 is disposed on the reverse side (the side where the rotation direction and the bonding direction are opposite), and friction stirring is performed. As a result, an undercut surface defect occurred on the advance side of the joint. The reverse side was raised from the base metal part. Results consistent with [Example 1] were obtained.
上記記載は実施例についてなされたが、本発明はそれに限らず、本発明の精神と添付の請求の範囲の範囲内で種々の変更および修正をすることができることは当業者に明らかである。
Although the above description has been made with reference to embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.
１０１，４０３，８０４ 工具
１０２，２０３，２０４，４０１，４０２，６０４，６０５，７０２，７０３，８０１，８０２ 接合材料
１０３ 受けジグ
１０４，４０６ 工具の後方部
１０５，２０２，６０３，７０１，８０６ 接合部
１０６，４０５，８０３ 接合方向
１０７，４０４，８０５ 工具の回転方向
２０１，６０１ アンダーカット
３０１，５０１ シャンク
３０２ ショルダの凹み部
３０３，５０３ プローブ
３０４，５０２ ショルダ
４０７ 接合部の表面近傍
４０８ 突合せ継手部
６０２ 盛り上がり部 101, 403, 804 Tool 102, 203, 204, 401, 402, 604, 605, 702, 703, 801, 802 Joining material 103 Receiving jig 104, 406 Tool rear part 105, 202, 603, 701, 806 Joining part 106, 405, 803 Joining direction 107, 404, 805 Tool rotation direction 201, 601 Undercut 301, 501 Shank 302 Shoulder recess 303, 503 Probe 304, 502 Shoulder 407 Near surface of joint 408 Butt joint 602 Swell Part
１０２，２０３，２０４，４０１，４０２，６０４，６０５，７０２，７０３，８０１，８０２ 接合材料
１０３ 受けジグ
１０４，４０６ 工具の後方部
１０５，２０２，６０３，７０１，８０６ 接合部
１０６，４０５，８０３ 接合方向
１０７，４０４，８０５ 工具の回転方向
２０１，６０１ アンダーカット
３０１，５０１ シャンク
３０２ ショルダの凹み部
３０３，５０３ プローブ
３０４，５０２ ショルダ
４０７ 接合部の表面近傍
４０８ 突合せ継手部
６０２ 盛り上がり部 101, 403, 804
Claims (8)
- 円柱状部材の端面にピン状プローブが突出するように設けられた工具を接合材に回転させた状態で挿入し、該ツールを回転させた状態で移動することにより、部材を接合又は攪拌する方法において、
前記円柱状部材の端面が前記プローブ側に突出した工具を用いて流動応力の異なる部材を接合又は攪拌し、流動応力の低い材料を前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に配置することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌方法。 A method of joining or stirring members by inserting a tool provided so that a pin-shaped probe protrudes from the end face of a cylindrical member into a joining material in a rotated state and moving the tool in a rotated state In
Using a tool whose end face of the cylindrical member protrudes to the probe side, members having different flow stresses are joined or stirred, and a material having a low flow stress is moved forward (side where the rotation direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction). A friction stir method characterized by arranging. - 請求項１において、プローブ側に突出した前記円柱状部材の端面が曲面であることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌方法。 2. The friction stir method according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the cylindrical member protruding toward the probe is a curved surface.
- 請求項１または２において、前記円柱状部材の端面に少なくとも一つの溝を有することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌方法。 3. The friction stir method according to claim 1, wherein at least one groove is provided on an end face of the cylindrical member.
- 請求項１乃至３のいずれかにおいて、流動応力の高い材料が攪拌した表面の５０％以上を占めるように攪拌することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌方法。 The friction stir method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein stirring is performed so that a material having a high flow stress occupies 50% or more of the agitated surface.
- 請求項１に記載の摩擦攪拌方法で用いる攪拌工具であって、円柱状部材の端面がプローブ側に突出した曲面であることを特徴とする攪拌工具。 A stirring tool used in the friction stirring method according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the cylindrical member is a curved surface protruding toward the probe.
- 請求項５において、前記円柱状部材の端面に少なくとも一つの溝を有することを特徴とする攪拌工具。 6. The stirring tool according to claim 5, wherein at least one groove is provided on an end surface of the cylindrical member.
- 請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の摩擦攪拌方法で得られる接合部材であって、流動応力の低い材料が前進側（工具の回転方向と接合方向が一致する側）に配置されていることを特徴とする接合部材。 It is a joining member obtained by the friction stir method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a material having a low flow stress is disposed on the forward side (the side where the rotational direction of the tool coincides with the joining direction). A joining member characterized by the above.
- 請求項７において、流動応力の高い材料が攪拌された表面の５０％以上を占めることを特徴とする接合部材。 8. The joining member according to claim 7, wherein the material having a high flow stress occupies 50% or more of the agitated surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011131794 | 2011-06-14 | ||
| JP2011-131794 | 2011-06-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012173034A1 true WO2012173034A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
Family
ID=47357023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/064658 WO2012173034A1 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-06-07 | Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2012173034A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114682901A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Friction stir welding method for improving connection strength of dissimilar aluminum alloy |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002066766A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-05 | Mazda Motor Corp | Joining method for members |
| JP2002283071A (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-02 | Mazda Motor Corp | Method and equipment for welding metallic member |
| JP2003225779A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-12 | Takehiko Watanabe | Dissimilar metal joining method using rotary needle |
| JP2003320465A (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-11 | Concurrent Technologies Corp | Taper friction agitation welding tool |
| JP2005021967A (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-27 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method |
| JP2005205496A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-08-04 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Tool for friction stir welding, backing plate for friction stir welding and friction stir welding method |
| JP2007222899A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-06 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method of dissimilar metallic members |
| JP2007301579A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Osaka Industrial Promotion Organization | Friction stirring and working tool, and manufacturing method of friction stirred and worked product using the same |
-
2012
- 2012-06-07 WO PCT/JP2012/064658 patent/WO2012173034A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002066766A (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-05 | Mazda Motor Corp | Joining method for members |
| JP2002283071A (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-02 | Mazda Motor Corp | Method and equipment for welding metallic member |
| JP2003225779A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-12 | Takehiko Watanabe | Dissimilar metal joining method using rotary needle |
| JP2003320465A (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-11 | Concurrent Technologies Corp | Taper friction agitation welding tool |
| JP2005021967A (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-27 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method |
| JP2005205496A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-08-04 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Tool for friction stir welding, backing plate for friction stir welding and friction stir welding method |
| JP2007222899A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-06 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Friction stirring and joining method of dissimilar metallic members |
| JP2007301579A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Osaka Industrial Promotion Organization | Friction stirring and working tool, and manufacturing method of friction stirred and worked product using the same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114682901A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-01 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Friction stir welding method for improving connection strength of dissimilar aluminum alloy |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8052033B2 (en) | Friction stir welding method | |
| JP2019037987A (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid-cooled jacket | |
| JP5381344B2 (en) | Joining method | |
| CA2884230A1 (en) | Rotating tool for friction stir welding and friction stir welding method using same | |
| WO2019097734A1 (en) | Joining method | |
| JP2012218009A (en) | Method of bonding dissimilar metal materials and bonded body of dissimilar metal materials | |
| JP2000246465A (en) | Tool for friction agitation joining | |
| JP2019037986A (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid-cooled jacket | |
| JP2015199119A (en) | Joint method | |
| TW200902202A (en) | Target material backing plate with an embedded cooling passage and manufacturing method thereof | |
| US8220694B2 (en) | Friction stir welding method and friction stir welded housing | |
| CN107876966B (en) | It is a kind of to reduce Friction Stir Welding to the welding method of lap joint defect | |
| JP2013255946A (en) | Joining method | |
| WO2012173034A1 (en) | Friction stir method, stirring implement and welding member | |
| JP2007289988A (en) | Friction stir welding method | |
| JP5619465B2 (en) | Friction stir welding method and friction stir welding product | |
| US20200009682A1 (en) | Method for joining metal sheets and joined structure of metal sheets | |
| JP2018051568A (en) | Joint method | |
| JP2003290937A (en) | Tool for friction agitation joining and friction agitation joining method | |
| JP2015174114A (en) | Component friction agitation bonding method | |
| JP2015116593A (en) | Joint method | |
| JP2003245783A (en) | Spot jointing tool | |
| TWI476062B (en) | Friction stir joining method | |
| JP4597402B2 (en) | Friction stir welding method | |
| JP6834926B2 (en) | How to manufacture a liquid-cooled jacket |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12800909 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12800909 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |